EP0727799A2 - Protection contre suréchauffement d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique - Google Patents

Protection contre suréchauffement d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0727799A2
EP0727799A2 EP96101625A EP96101625A EP0727799A2 EP 0727799 A2 EP0727799 A2 EP 0727799A2 EP 96101625 A EP96101625 A EP 96101625A EP 96101625 A EP96101625 A EP 96101625A EP 0727799 A2 EP0727799 A2 EP 0727799A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
end section
overtemperature protection
protection according
heating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96101625A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0727799A3 (fr
EP0727799B1 (fr
Inventor
Volker Bachmann
Lutz Dr. Ose
Werner Kögel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
Original Assignee
EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH filed Critical EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
Priority to SI9630488T priority Critical patent/SI0727799T1/xx
Publication of EP0727799A2 publication Critical patent/EP0727799A2/fr
Publication of EP0727799A3 publication Critical patent/EP0727799A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0727799B1 publication Critical patent/EP0727799B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/764—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material in which contacts are held closed by a thermal pellet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H2009/0077—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00 using recyclable materials, e.g. for easier recycling or minimising the packing material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an overtemperature fuse for a heating device which has an electric heating element.
  • Such heaters are used in particular as instantaneous heaters, e.g. for dishwashers, but also used in coffee or tea machines, immersion heaters and electric water boilers.
  • Your heating output is usually regulated by a control system that is adapted to the desired operating conditions.
  • a control system that is adapted to the desired operating conditions.
  • a typical case is the "drying out" of a flow heater, i.e. the lack of medium to be heated when the heating is switched on.
  • overheating can damage or destroy temperature-sensitive components and represents a source of danger that must be avoided.
  • overtemperature protection devices which: usually represent an additional fuse that is independent of the power control and switches off the heating device in the event of overheating.
  • DE 28 26 205 C2 discloses a self-contained fusible link fuse which consists of an insulating part with electrical connections and contact elements for establishing electrical contact between the terminals and the heating element to be secured, a heat transfer plate and a fusible link insert arranged in a sleeve as a thermal trigger as well as a transmission pin partially inserted into the sleeve, which engages at one end with the soldering iron insert resting on the heat transfer plate and at the other end with the contact elements.
  • the fuse is installed in the device to be protected so that the heat transfer plate is arranged in heat transfer contact with the point whose temperature is to be monitored and whose excess temperature is to serve as a trigger for switching the fuse.
  • the heat transfer plate heats up and transfers the heat to the fusible link directly on top of it.
  • the transmission pin made of insulating material is pressed into the melt by the prestressed contact element, whereby the contact is opened and the supply current is switched off.
  • the fusible link insert is largely corset-like thanks to the sleeve that surrounds it and rests on the heat-conducting plate and is enclosed by these components and the transmission pin and thus largely protected against oxidation. Because of the various components that are in heat-conducting connection with the fusible link insert and must be heated together with the insert, the fuse reacts relatively sluggishly when overheated.
  • DE 36 33 759 A1 shows an overtemperature protection integrated in the head of a immersion heater, which has a spiral spring which is held in a pretensioned state by a push rod in the operating state of the heating device.
  • the nylon push rod is supported on a component of the immersion heater head. When the head is overheated, it softens and deforms, releasing the coil spring and moving an actuator to engage a set of switch contacts and open the contacts to shut down the heater. This relatively complex fuse only reacts when the immersion heater is overheated.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an overtemperature protection device with a shorter response time compared to the prior art.
  • the invention proposes an overtemperature protection with the features of claim 1.
  • Preferred embodiments are claimed in subclaims 2 to 12. The wording of the claims is incorporated by reference into the content of the description.
  • the heating element serving as a heat source for example a wire or flat ribbon made of resistance material, a tubular heating element or a thick or thin layer of heating resistance material, is connected to the connection element, via which it is connected to the electrical power source, via electrical contact means so that the heating element at Opening of the electrical contact is switched off.
  • the contact means strive for a contact opening state due to the forces acting on them where no current can flow through the heating element.
  • the tendency to open the contact means is brought about by a spring element which is prestressed in the contact opening direction. Even a single spring element with respect to this effect, the same devices, such as several springs or elastically compressible or elastically pullable elements and combinations thereof fall under the term spring element.
  • the spring element can act directly or via force transmission parts on the contact means.
  • the spring element can also itself be part of the contact means, for example a contact spring. A separate spring element can then be omitted, but can also be provided in addition.
  • the spring element is in the working state of the heating device, i.e. in a state in which the heating element is in an electrically conductive connection with the connection element, is pressed by an actuating element into a state corresponding to the contact closing position.
  • the actuating element is supported directly on the heating element with an end section with a defined softening temperature.
  • the end section Due to the support acting counter to the pretension of the spring element, the end section is pressed against the heating element while building up compressive stress.
  • the end section is in direct heat transfer contact with the heating element and follows, at least in the contact area, with its temperature practically without any time delay in the surface temperature of the heating element in the contact area. If this temperature rises above the defined softening temperature of the end section, which is provided as the switching temperature, its thrust module drops drastically. For example done by melting the material of the end section.
  • the material of the end section is then compressed by the force of the spring element, the spring element removes at least part of its pretension when a contact means moves, and the contact existing between the contact means is eliminated.
  • the invention creates a temperature sensor directly at the source of the heat, the heating element. Overheating above the softening or melting temperature of the end section, which is provided as the switching temperature, is converted directly into a drastic reduction in the thrust module of the end section, which undergoes a change in shape, in particular a shortening, under the pressure caused by the spring element, so that the contact means through the spring element in the contact opening position be pressed.
  • the shortest possible reaction distance is achieved by directly supporting the temperature-sensitive end section on the heating element. This enables the overtemperature protection according to the invention to respond particularly quickly, which interrupts the heating current when the further parts of the heating device which may be overheated by the heating element have scarcely been heated above their working temperature during normal operation. This ensures optimal safety even for parts of the heating device that are particularly sensitive to overheating.
  • the need for a separate heat transfer to the release medium as is provided for example in DE 28 26 205 by the heat transfer plate, is eliminated.
  • the end section can consist of metallic solder material with a defined softening or melting temperature.
  • the end section can advantageously consist of electrically non-conductive material. Then there is softening or melting the end section does not run the risk that the molten material will short-circuit heating element sections.
  • the end section is made of plastic. Although this may have a higher heat capacity than, for example, fusible link, because of the poor thermal conductivity, the area of the temperature increase remains limited to the area close to the heating element, so that only a small amount of heat is sufficient to soften or melt the end section and thus to switch the fuse. This increases the response speed.
  • the end section of the outer contour of the heating element can be adapted to achieve a flat contact. This can also increase the response speed. If a material is selected for the end section which does not or only weakly wets the material of the heating element even in the molten state and / or if the material does not chemically bond with the heating element material, after a shutdown due to overheating, the fuse must be restored by replacement of the part comprising the end section is particularly easy. All other parts of the fuse are reusable.
  • the end section should expediently be dimensionally stable in heat up to a few degrees Celsius below the defined softening or melting temperature. Then, even during continuous operation at high temperatures just below the softening temperature, unwanted opening of the contacts can be reliably avoided. It has proven to be advantageous if the end section consists of fiber-reinforced plastic, in particular of glass-fiber reinforced, thermoplastic polyester. The material can also have aged under external stress before use, so that it does not change its geometric shape in an unpredictable way. In particular in the case of flow heaters, as are shown, for example, in DE 42 33 676, it has proven useful that the end section has a softening temperature between 210 ° C. and 240 ° C., preferably of about 225 ° C.
  • the actuating element can be composed of several parts, possibly of different materials, it can also have levers, push rods or other force and displacement transmission elements.
  • the actuating element can advantageously be a single part which is essentially dimensionally stable at the working temperature of the heating device. It can advantageously be made entirely from the material of the end section. The actuating element and end section then form a homogeneous body made of one and the same material. The combination of different materials often required in the prior art (e.g. ceramic pen, metal sleeve, solder) is no longer necessary.
  • the actuating element is designed as a pin, preferably axially displaceable, preferably guided in the insulating body, on the end face of which is supported on the heating element, the end section is formed.
  • the other end face can engage the spring element via an intermediate element.
  • the actuating element can also act directly on the spring element.
  • the actuating element, in particular the plastic pin can advantageously be pressed essentially perpendicularly onto the heating element, so that in the event of overheating there is an optimal shortening of the end section for quick contact opening.
  • the cross section of the pin can be rectangular, in particular square, oval or circular. The cross section can also change in the axial direction.
  • the end portion of the actuating element is pressed onto the heating element by the force of a spring element.
  • the spring element and, if applicable, the power transmission can be chosen to suit the desired construction and the installation conditions.
  • the spring element can be a spiral spring which is subjected to tension in the prestressed state and makes contact. It can also be a compression spring that compresses the contact. This can be done directly or via force and displacement transmitters, for example levers, rods and the like, so that the end section is under pressure.
  • the spring element can advantageously have a leaf spring which is fastened on one side, preferably snap-in, on the free end of which the actuating element acts.
  • the actuating element can rest directly on the spring element, in particular the leaf spring. It can also act on this via one or more intermediate elements.
  • a contact spring designed as a leaf spring is provided as an intermediate element and is part of the contact means.
  • the spring element In the working state of the heating device, the spring element can be spanned by the actuating element beyond the contact closing position, which increases the force compressing the contacts.
  • This overvoltage has the advantage that, on the one hand, a higher contact force reduces the contact resistance.
  • the overvoltage leads to an increased pressure on the end section, which can result in the material being pushed away faster when the softening or melting point is exceeded, and thus improved heat transfer and a faster opening of the contact.
  • the insulating body is arranged on the outside of a flow heater tube helically wrapped with a preferably flat band-shaped heating element, and the actuating element, preferably a plastic pin, in particular made of glass fiber reinforced polyester, is by spring force, preferably a leaf spring, with its end section on the outside of the heating element pressed on.
  • the insulating body made of electrically insulating, heat-resistant material can be part of a connecting body (connecting block) which rests on and is fastened there with a bearing surface which is adapted to the outside of the flow-through heater tube.
  • the connector body can have a heat-conducting guide bracket which is continuously curved away from the outside of the flow-through heater tube with an outside of the bracket and on which an end piece of the heating element is fastened, preferably welded.
  • the actuating element preferably the plastic pin, can be supported near the end piece with its end section on the first turn of the heating element lying on the flow heater tube and can be pressed onto it by the force of a leaf spring.
  • the invention is not restricted to the mentioned embodiments. All heating systems in which the end section can be placed directly on the heating conductor are conceivable as further applications, geometric adaptations of the elements of the overtemperature protection possibly being appropriate and the melting or softening temperature of the end section being adapted to the desired switching temperature by appropriate choice of material. For example, in the case of thick-film or thin-film heating elements, the end section can be placed directly on the heater printed on the substrate.
  • the cross section shown in Fig. 1 shows part of a flow heater tube, as described for example in DE 42 33 676, with a connector body (terminal block) placed thereon, which includes the overtemperature protection.
  • the medium 1 to be heated (here water) flows through a tube 2 made of stainless steel, around which an insulating film 3 made of polyimide is placed on the outside.
  • the film material is Available under the trade name "KAPTON" and has a thermal conductivity of more than 0.1 W / m ⁇ K and at a thickness of 20 to 100 microns has a high voltage strength of more than 1250 V for at least one minute, even at higher temperatures .
  • the temperature resistance is 200 ° C in continuous operation and 400 ° C for a short time.
  • a heating element 4 is wound, which consists of a tape, for example 1 to 5 mm wide and 5 to 150 microns thick. It can be made from conventional iron-containing heating conductor materials, for example a chrome-aluminum-iron alloy, which is commercially available under the name KANTHAL AF or a nickel-chrome-iron alloy (NICROTHAL 40+; 60+ or 80+; depending on the nickel content) consist.
  • a chrome-aluminum-iron alloy which is commercially available under the name KANTHAL AF or a nickel-chrome-iron alloy (NICROTHAL 40+; 60+ or 80+; depending on the nickel content) consist.
  • This thin and, in comparison, wide band-shaped heating element is wound in a helical manner around the insulating film 3 to achieve good heat transfer between it and the tube 2.
  • an end piece 5 of the heating element is welded onto a guide bracket 6 which is curved away continuously from the outside of the tube 2 with its outside of the bracket, and is a heat-conducting guide bracket 6.
  • the guide bracket 6 presses the heating element 4 onto the insulating film 3.
  • the heat generated in the areas in contact with the insulating film is essentially conducted via the pipe 2 into the medium 1 to be heated.
  • the conductive cross section becomes so large through the guide bracket 6 that the heating element remains relatively cool despite the current flowing and thus does not burn out.
  • the guide bracket 6 is fastened to an insulating body 10 made of heat-resistant, electrically insulating material via a weld connection 8 welded to it in its upper region and a rivet 9 guided through it.
  • a connecting body (connecting block) 11 which rests on the flow heater tube or the heating element 4 with a concave contact surface 12 which is adapted to the wrapped flow heater tube.
  • a rivet 13 is designed as a plug-in electrical connection element 14, the outer end 15 of which is used for connection to an electrical voltage source, and on the inner end of which a first contact element 16 is attached with a contact surface curved downward in the drawing.
  • the first contact element 16 is in electrically conductive contact with the second contact element 17, which has an opposite, upwardly curved contact surface and is attached to the free end 18 of a horizontal contact spring 19 which is riveted between the foot 20 by the rivet 9 of the welding connection 8 and the insulating body 10 is clamped.
  • the contact spring 19 is under a downward bias in the figure, which is essentially generated by a leaf spring 21, which is also clamped between the base 20 of the welding connection and the insulating body 10.
  • the leaf spring 21 is designed in such a way that it presses the free end of the contact spring 19 downward and thus wishes to cancel the electrically conductive contact between the contact elements 16 and 17.
  • This force of the leaf spring is counteracted by the actuating element 22, which is clamped between the free end 18 of the contact spring 19 and the outside of the heating element 4 and is supported with its end section 23 directly on the heating element.
  • the actuating element presses between the area of the contact element 17 and the side held by the rivet 9 under the free end 18 of the contact spring 19 in such a way that it is bent slightly, preferably about 0.3 mm, upward, as a result of which the leaf spring 21 also spans further becomes.
  • This increases on the one hand the contact pressure built up between the contact elements 16 and 17, which reduces the contact resistance. On the other hand, this also increases the pressure on the end section 23 and thus improves the heat conduction between the latter and the heating element 4.
  • the actuating element 22 is formed in the embodiment shown as a straight plastic pin made of glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic polyester with a square cross section.
  • the polyester used in the example (CRASTIN SK645FR from Dupont) has a melting point of approx. 225 ° C and is dimensionally stable in heat up to 220 ° C according to DIN 53461, i.e. it changes its geometric dimensions up to a temperature of 220 ° C practically not even under the existing compressive stress.
  • the combination of materials described leads to the fact that the arrangement remains essentially dimensionally stable even at continuous temperatures up to 200 ° C. and the contact thus remains reliably closed.
  • the heating current flows via the connecting element 14, the first contact element 16, the second contact element 17, the contact spring 19, the welding connection 20 and the guide bracket 6 to the heating element 4, which heats the tube 2.
  • a short circuit between the contact spring 19 and the heating element via the actuating element 22 is not possible, since at least the end section, but here the entire actuating element, consists of electrically non-conductive material.
  • the temperature of the heating element reaches the softening or melting temperature of the end section 23 of the actuating element 22, the situation shown in FIG. 2 occurs.
  • a region of the end section 23 which is in direct contact with the heating element 4 softens or melts.
  • the soft or liquid material is forced to the side by the compressive force caused by the spring element on the actuating element 22 and the subsequent part of the plunger 22 forms the heating element at.
  • the improved heat conduction between the heating element and the end section due to this shaping accelerates the softening or melting process and supports the quick response of the fuse.
  • the melting material is pushed to the side under pressure of the leaf spring 21 and possibly the contact spring 19 until the yielding of the actuating element 22 leads downward to open the contact between the contact elements 16 and 17 and thus to the heating current being switched off.
  • the remaining residual heat can allow a further compression up to the situation shown in FIG. 2, in which the free end 18 of the contact spring 19 rests on the insulating body. Since the heat can only be distributed slightly within the plastic of the end section due to the poor thermal conductivity, a large part of the heat penetrating into the end section is also used to melt the end section and is not released to the outside. This means that only the end section, in the example shown, melts at a height of approximately 1 mm. Also this concentration of heat on the end section which is decisive for the switching process increases the response speed of the fuse.
  • the plastic pin 22 is clamped directly between the free end 18 of the contact spring 19 and the heating element 4 and engages without contact with the insulating body through the vertical bore 24 made therein.
  • the cross section of the plastic pin is square with a side length of 1.5 mm, and the pin is made by milling from plates of the basic material.
  • the plunger 22, which is rounded toward the contact spring is round in cross section and fits with little play into the bore 24, which serves as a guide for the plastic plunger.
  • 4 finally shows a further embodiment in which the actuating element 22 likewise has a round cross section adapted to its dimensions in the region of the bore 24 and is guided there. The end section has a larger diameter so that it rests on the heating element 4 on a larger contact surface.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
EP96101625A 1995-02-18 1996-02-06 Dispositif de chauffage comportant un élément électrique de chauffage et une protection contre suréchauffement Expired - Lifetime EP0727799B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI9630488T SI0727799T1 (en) 1995-02-18 1996-02-06 Heating device comprising an electrical heating element and an overtemperature protection

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19505621 1995-02-18
DE19505621A DE19505621A1 (de) 1995-02-18 1995-02-18 Übertemperatursicherung für elektrische Heizeinrichtung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0727799A2 true EP0727799A2 (fr) 1996-08-21
EP0727799A3 EP0727799A3 (fr) 1997-07-23
EP0727799B1 EP0727799B1 (fr) 2002-05-02

Family

ID=7754402

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96101625A Expired - Lifetime EP0727799B1 (fr) 1995-02-18 1996-02-06 Dispositif de chauffage comportant un élément électrique de chauffage et une protection contre suréchauffement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0727799B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE217117T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19505621A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2173991T3 (fr)
SI (1) SI0727799T1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998002895A1 (fr) * 1996-07-12 1998-01-22 Otter Controls Limited Ameliorations relatives a la thermo-regulation des recipients pour chauffer des liquides
EP0992985A2 (fr) * 1995-02-17 2000-04-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Disque optique et dispositif d'enregistrement/de reproduction sur disque optique
EP1460668A1 (fr) * 2003-03-21 2004-09-22 Bleckmann GmbH Groupe de connection préassemblé
WO2006004807A1 (fr) * 2004-06-29 2006-01-12 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Diffuseur a coupure thermique integree

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19852886A1 (de) 1998-11-17 2000-05-25 Braun Gmbh Sicherheitseinrichtung für ein Wärmegerät
DE19911070B4 (de) * 1999-03-12 2007-04-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektromotor mit einer Thermosicherung
DE10058973A1 (de) * 2000-11-28 2002-05-29 Rolls Royce Deutschland Permanentmagnet-Maschine sowie Sicherungseinrichtung hierfür

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1113139A (en) * 1966-06-02 1968-05-08 Brush Electrical Eng Thermal safety switch
FR2428908A1 (fr) * 1978-06-15 1980-01-11 Inter Control Koehler Hermann Coupe-circuit thermique a materiau fusible
FR2521770A1 (fr) * 1982-02-17 1983-08-19 Seb Sa Coupe-circuit thermique pour appareils a chauffage electrique
GB2204450A (en) * 1987-05-07 1988-11-09 Strix Ltd Hydraulic power assisted vehicle steering system
US4864102A (en) * 1987-11-25 1989-09-05 Texas Instruments Incorporated Miniature adjustable thermostat with integral over-temperature protection
WO1991001042A1 (fr) * 1989-07-13 1991-01-24 Strix Limited Dispositif de protection electrique thermosensible
DE4233676A1 (de) * 1992-10-07 1994-04-14 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Elektrischer Heizkörper für Medien, insbesondere Durchflußerhitzer

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3843154C2 (de) * 1988-12-22 1995-07-20 Felten & Guilleaume Energie Auslöseeinrichtung für Schaltgeräte und Schaltanlagen im Mittelspannungsbereich
IT1257915B (it) * 1992-07-14 1996-02-16 Cebi Spa Resistenza elettrica corazzata per macchine lavatrici e simili, incorporante mezzi interruttori termosensibili di protezione da sovratemperature

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1113139A (en) * 1966-06-02 1968-05-08 Brush Electrical Eng Thermal safety switch
FR2428908A1 (fr) * 1978-06-15 1980-01-11 Inter Control Koehler Hermann Coupe-circuit thermique a materiau fusible
FR2521770A1 (fr) * 1982-02-17 1983-08-19 Seb Sa Coupe-circuit thermique pour appareils a chauffage electrique
GB2204450A (en) * 1987-05-07 1988-11-09 Strix Ltd Hydraulic power assisted vehicle steering system
US4864102A (en) * 1987-11-25 1989-09-05 Texas Instruments Incorporated Miniature adjustable thermostat with integral over-temperature protection
WO1991001042A1 (fr) * 1989-07-13 1991-01-24 Strix Limited Dispositif de protection electrique thermosensible
DE4233676A1 (de) * 1992-10-07 1994-04-14 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Elektrischer Heizkörper für Medien, insbesondere Durchflußerhitzer

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0992985A2 (fr) * 1995-02-17 2000-04-12 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Disque optique et dispositif d'enregistrement/de reproduction sur disque optique
EP0992985A3 (fr) * 1995-02-17 2000-04-26 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Disque optique et dispositif d'enregistrement/de reproduction sur disque optique
WO1998002895A1 (fr) * 1996-07-12 1998-01-22 Otter Controls Limited Ameliorations relatives a la thermo-regulation des recipients pour chauffer des liquides
GB2315366B (en) * 1996-07-12 2000-10-18 Otter Controls Ltd Improvements relating to thermal controls for liquid heating vessels
EP1460668A1 (fr) * 2003-03-21 2004-09-22 Bleckmann GmbH Groupe de connection préassemblé
WO2006004807A1 (fr) * 2004-06-29 2006-01-12 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Diffuseur a coupure thermique integree
US7206505B2 (en) 2004-06-29 2007-04-17 S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Volatizer with integrated thermal cutoff

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2173991T3 (es) 2002-11-01
EP0727799A3 (fr) 1997-07-23
ATE217117T1 (de) 2002-05-15
DE59609138D1 (de) 2002-06-06
EP0727799B1 (fr) 2002-05-02
SI0727799T1 (en) 2002-10-31
DE19505621A1 (de) 1996-08-22

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