EP0727790A2 - Elektrisches Kabel - Google Patents

Elektrisches Kabel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0727790A2
EP0727790A2 EP96301008A EP96301008A EP0727790A2 EP 0727790 A2 EP0727790 A2 EP 0727790A2 EP 96301008 A EP96301008 A EP 96301008A EP 96301008 A EP96301008 A EP 96301008A EP 0727790 A2 EP0727790 A2 EP 0727790A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
intermediate layer
sheath
cores
core
insulated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96301008A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0727790A3 (de
EP0727790B1 (de
Inventor
John P. Vale
Thomas Rodgers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Draka UK Ltd
Original Assignee
DELTA CROMPTON CABLES Ltd
Draka UK Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DELTA CROMPTON CABLES Ltd, Draka UK Ltd filed Critical DELTA CROMPTON CABLES Ltd
Publication of EP0727790A2 publication Critical patent/EP0727790A2/de
Publication of EP0727790A3 publication Critical patent/EP0727790A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0727790B1 publication Critical patent/EP0727790B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
    • H01B13/148—Selection of the insulating material therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/1875—Multi-layer sheaths
    • H01B7/1885—Inter-layer adherence preventing means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electric cables and is concerned with the problem of separating adjacent layers of cable insulation so as to facilitate stripping of the insulation when forming connections to electrical components.
  • Conventional electric cable is formed by first extruding electrically-insulating plastics material, for example PVC, over an electric conductor either in the form of a single conductor wire or a bundle of twisted wire strands, to form an individually insulated conductor core.
  • electrically-insulating plastics material for example PVC
  • an electric conductor either in the form of a single conductor wire or a bundle of twisted wire strands
  • Two or more such insulated cores are laid up side by side, possibly with the inclusion of a bare earth conductor and a sheath, typically of PVC, is extruded over the bundle of insulated cores. If the sheath and the insulation of the cores is of the same or compatible plastics material there is a tendency for the sheath to bond to the insulation of the cores. Such bonding makes it more difficult to remove the desired amount of sheath when forming connections to electrical components.
  • a powder material such as talcum powder.
  • Other methods of preventing adhesions such as wrapping the insulated cores with a layer of tape of a material such as polyester or polyethylene, or by coating the insulated cores with a liquid such as soap solution or wax, have been used.
  • a problem with the use of powder is that it is difficult to control the layer thickness.
  • a problem with the use of tapes is that it slows the production process and is difficult to apply to small cores.
  • an electric cable comprises one or more electric conductors individually covered with a layer of electrically insulating material to form an insulated core, a sheath of electrically insulating material around the said one or more insulated cores, and an intermediate layer predominantly of material which is incompatible with the material of the sheath or with the insulating material of the core, or with both materials, extruded over the insulated core or cores and located immediately between and adjacent the sheath and the insulated core or cores.
  • incompatible it is meant that the material does not form a bond with the material of the sheath or the insulating material of the core, as the case may be.
  • the material of the intermediate layer is incompatible with the material of the sheath. Then, the intermediate layer of material may or may not form a bond with the insulation material of the core. It is desirable however that it is strong enough and firmly enough secured around the insulated cores to withstand subsequent handling operations of winding or laying up the insulated cores and extruding the outer sheath over the cores without coming off. In other embodiments the material of the intermediate layer is incompatible with the core material only. Such an arrangement is preferable where it is desirable that the intermediate layer should come away with the sheath when the sheath is stripped to prepare a connection to an electrical component.
  • the intermediate layer is of electrically-insulating material.
  • the material of the intermediate layer may include additives, for example lubricants to make is more easily extrudable, and compounds to provide a limited degree of bonding to the sheath material or the core material.
  • the intermediate layer it is preferable to extrude the intermediate layer over the core before the core material has cooled after being itself extruded.
  • the core it is preferred that the core should have cooled before the intermediate layer is extruded.
  • the insulation of the cores, the intermediate layer and the sheath are all of plastics material.
  • the insulated cores are of PVC
  • the sheath is of PVC
  • the intermediate layer of material is of polythene.
  • Other incompatible combinations of materials may be used.
  • the intermediate layer may include additives to promote some bonding with the core, for example EVA.
  • the intermediate layer prevents the sheath from bonding to the insulating material of the core and thus facilitates stripping. By extruding the intermediate layer the thickness of the layer can be controlled and the production process is not unduly slowed.
  • the thickness of the intermediate layer of material is substantially less than the thickness of the insulation around the conductors and of the sheath.Preferably it is as thin as possible consistent with having the strength to resist damage during handling in the manufacturing process. in practice we have found that a thickness of between .01mm and .1mm is to be preferred.
  • the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing an electric cable comprising extruding a layer of electrically insulating material around an electric conductor to form an electrically insulated core, extruding an intermediate layer around the said core or a bundle of such cores, and extruding a sheath of electrically insulating material around the intermediate layer and the insulated core or cores, the intermediate layer being predominantly of a material which is incompatible with the material of the sheath, or with the material of the core insulation, or with both materials.
  • two-core electric cable 11 comprises two electric conductors 12, each individually insulated with a layer 13 of electrically insulating plastics material, for example PVC, to form an electrically-insulated core.
  • Each individually-insulated core is individually covered with an intermediate layer or skin 14 of an electrically insulating plastics material, for example polyester or polythene, which is extruded over the core.
  • the polythene material may also include additives in the form of a lubricant to facilitate extrusion and a polymer, for example BVA, to produce limited bonding to the core insulation.
  • the two insulated cores with their overlying intermediate layers are then surrounded by a sheath 15, also of electrically insulating plastics material, for example PVC, which is extruded over the intermediate layers 14 on the two cores.
  • the material of the intermediate layers 14 is a plastics material which is incompatible with the plastics material of the sheath 15 so that it does not form a bond. With this arrangement, when it is desired to strip the end of the cable to form a connection, the separating intermediate layer 14 allows the sheath 15 to be easily stripped away from the insulated cores.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section through a flat two-core-and-earth cable 16 in accordance with the invention in which the cable consists of two electrically insulated cores a bare earth conductor 17 surrounded by a sheath 15.
  • the arrangement of Figure 2 is similar to the arrangement of Figure 1 and the corresponding components have the same reference numbers.
  • Figure 3 shows an alternative flat two-core-and-earth cable 18 in accordance with the invention.
  • the intermediate layer 14 is extruded over the insulated cores after they have been laid up together so that the layer 14 forms a common envelope around the cores over which the sheath 15 is extruded.
  • the intermediate layer does not form a bond with the core insulation but is bonded weakly to the sheath so that the intermediate layer comes away with the sheath when the sheath is stripped away.
  • the intermediate layer is preferably extruded over the core insulation after the core insulation has cooled down from its own extrusion.
  • the sheath material is preferably extruded over the intermediate layer whist the intermediate layer is still hot from its extrusion.
  • the material of the intermediate layer may include additives which bond with the material of the sheath.
  • the cable of Figure 3 is the same as that of Figure 2 and the same reference numerals have been used to indicate the corresponding components.
  • FIGS 4 to 6 show in somewhat schematic form alternative ways in which the cable of Figures 1, 2 and 3 might be manufactured.
  • electric conductor wire 12 is fed into the head 20 of a co-extruder 21.
  • Two extruders 22 and 23 are attached to the extrusion head 20.
  • the first extruder 22 contains PVC and extrudes the insulating layer 13 around the conductor 12.
  • the second extruder 22 contains polythene and extrudes the intermediate layer 14 over the insulated core whilst the core insulation is still hot. Insulated cores with their separation layers formed in this way are then allowed to cool, laid up together, twisted and fed through another extruder (not shown) containing PVC which extrudes the layer of sheath material around the outside of the laid up twisted together insulated cores with their intermediate layer coverings.
  • Figure 5 shows an alternative arrangement in which conductor 12 is fed into a first extruder 30 containing PVC where the layer 13 of insulation material is extruded around the conductor to form the insulated core.
  • the insulated core then passes to a second extruder 31 which is placed in tandem with the first extruder 30 and which is filled with polythene.
  • the second extruder extrudes the intermediate layer of material 14 over the insulated core whilst the core insulation is still hot. Insulated cores with the intermediate layers formed in this way are allowed to cool and then bundled together and passed through a further extruder (not shown) to apply the sheath 15 over the bundled cores.
  • a cable can be produced in which the intermediate layer is lightly bonded to the core insulation but the sheath material is not bonded to the intermediate layer.
  • Figure 6 shows an arrangement in which a single extruder 40 with a single extrusion head 41 is used.
  • Conductor 12 is fed into the extrusion head in a first pass with the extruder loaded with PVC and the insulated layer 13 is extruded around the conductor.
  • the extruder is then changed for one loaded with polythene and the insulated core is passed through the extrusion head 41 a second time.
  • the intermediate layer 14 is thus extruded over the insulated core.
  • insulated cores with intermediate layers are bundled together and a sheath layer is then extruded around the bundle in an extruder (not shown) to for the cable.
  • the intermediate layer will have cooled when the sheath is extruded. This latter method can be used if it is desired to produce no bonding between the intermediate layer and the sheath so that the intermediate layer is left behind on the core insulation when the sheath is stripped away.
  • any appropriate separation material could be used.
  • the requirements are that it should be an extrudable material which is incompatible with at least the material of the sheath material.
  • the choice of incompatible material will be dependent upon the material of the sheath and the layer of insulation around the cores.
  • the layer of material should preferably be itself electrically insulating.
  • the layer of material should be thinner than the insulation around the conductors and the layer of the sheath material. A thickness of between .01mm and .1mm for the intermediate layer is preferred.

Landscapes

  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP96301008A 1995-02-16 1996-02-14 Elektrisches Kabel Expired - Lifetime EP0727790B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9503071 1995-02-16
GB9503071A GB2298081B (en) 1995-02-16 1995-02-16 Electric cable

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0727790A2 true EP0727790A2 (de) 1996-08-21
EP0727790A3 EP0727790A3 (de) 1997-10-22
EP0727790B1 EP0727790B1 (de) 2004-09-22

Family

ID=10769734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96301008A Expired - Lifetime EP0727790B1 (de) 1995-02-16 1996-02-14 Elektrisches Kabel

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0727790B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE277410T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69633419D1 (de)
GB (1) GB2298081B (de)
HK (1) HK1014608A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1267362A1 (de) * 2001-06-15 2002-12-18 Nexans Kabel zur Übertragung von elektrischen Signale
EP1998340A1 (de) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-03 ABB Technology AG Elektrisches Energiekabel
CN104900308A (zh) * 2014-03-04 2015-09-09 上海福尔欣线缆有限公司 一种汽车安全带用电缆及其制造方法
WO2018197365A1 (de) * 2017-04-24 2018-11-01 Leoni Kabel Gmbh Kabel sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines kabels

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3144337A1 (de) * 1981-11-07 1983-05-19 Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik GmbH, 5000 Köln Elektrisches energie-kabel oder -leitung mit einer gummi- oder kunststoffisolierung

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3643004A (en) * 1970-04-03 1972-02-15 Phelps Dodge Copper Prod Corona-resistant solid dielectric cable
GB1354572A (en) * 1971-02-11 1974-06-05 British Insulated Callenders Electric cables
US3787255A (en) * 1972-05-30 1974-01-22 Essex International Inc Insulated cable with sheath of controlled peel strength and method
GB1432560A (de) * 1972-12-11 1976-04-22
US3891791A (en) * 1974-05-10 1975-06-24 Gen Cable Corp Communication cable with improved coated shield
GB8432608D0 (en) * 1984-12-22 1985-02-06 Bp Chem Int Ltd Strippable laminate

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3144337A1 (de) * 1981-11-07 1983-05-19 Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik GmbH, 5000 Köln Elektrisches energie-kabel oder -leitung mit einer gummi- oder kunststoffisolierung

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1267362A1 (de) * 2001-06-15 2002-12-18 Nexans Kabel zur Übertragung von elektrischen Signale
EP1998340A1 (de) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-03 ABB Technology AG Elektrisches Energiekabel
WO2008145691A2 (en) * 2007-05-29 2008-12-04 Abb Technology Ag An electric power cable
WO2008145691A3 (en) * 2007-05-29 2009-01-22 Abb Technology Ag An electric power cable
CN101681697B (zh) * 2007-05-29 2011-11-30 Abb技术有限公司 电力线缆
US9029704B2 (en) 2007-05-29 2015-05-12 Abb Technology Ag Electric power cable
CN104900308A (zh) * 2014-03-04 2015-09-09 上海福尔欣线缆有限公司 一种汽车安全带用电缆及其制造方法
WO2018197365A1 (de) * 2017-04-24 2018-11-01 Leoni Kabel Gmbh Kabel sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines kabels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0727790A3 (de) 1997-10-22
GB9503071D0 (en) 1995-04-05
GB2298081B (en) 1999-04-07
EP0727790B1 (de) 2004-09-22
GB2298081A (en) 1996-08-21
DE69633419D1 (de) 2004-10-28
ATE277410T1 (de) 2004-10-15
HK1014608A1 (en) 1999-09-30

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