EP0727500B1 - Procédé et installation pour la fabrication de lingots métalliques - Google Patents

Procédé et installation pour la fabrication de lingots métalliques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0727500B1
EP0727500B1 EP96101016A EP96101016A EP0727500B1 EP 0727500 B1 EP0727500 B1 EP 0727500B1 EP 96101016 A EP96101016 A EP 96101016A EP 96101016 A EP96101016 A EP 96101016A EP 0727500 B1 EP0727500 B1 EP 0727500B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hood
electrode
pressure
mould
gastight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96101016A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0727500A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr. Holzgruber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH
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Inteco Internationale Techinsche Beratung GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0727500A1 publication Critical patent/EP0727500A1/fr
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Publication of EP0727500B1 publication Critical patent/EP0727500B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/16—Remelting metals
    • C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing Blocks of metal - especially of steel as well Nickel and cobalt-based alloys - by remelting self-consumable electrodes under electrically conductive Slag in an atmosphere of controlled composition.
  • the invention covers systems for this Commitment.
  • the remelting takes place at Atmospheric pressure more or less in air, but occasionally the gap between the electrode may also have been tried and mold to seal with a cover and protective gas or dried Air in the gap between the electrode and the mold initiate.
  • DE-B-24 25 032 describes a method for manufacturing of cast blocks with good ductility and fine-grained Solidification texture made of high-melting iron and metal alloys - In particular from austenitic chrome-nickel steels or nickel and cobalt based alloys - through Melting off at least one self-consuming electrode according to the electroslag remelting process (ESR).
  • ESR electroslag remelting process
  • the one used Slag should - of low nitrogen solubility - do not react with the gas above; not in this atmosphere with the liquid slag reacting gas is melted under an overpressure of at least 20 at in a gas-tight pressure chamber, that from the slag surface in a mold, one that Pressure vessel comprising mold and one on the pressure vessel cylindrical bell with hat-like lid is limited.
  • the mold passes through an axial electrode rod, that can be moved relative to the lid.
  • the mold replaces the pressure vessel.
  • the hat-like Lid is available in both configurations for changing electrodes by the extending one Electrode rod carried in a gas-tight Implementation stores. This gas tightness is essential because a sudden release of pressure under excess pressure standing gas is a source of danger for operation would represent.
  • the invention also relates to a system according to Claim 7 for performing the method.
  • the electroslag is remelted under controlled protective gas atmosphere with almost atmospheric Pressure in sliding crucibles using the electrode change the melting of the self-consumable electrode carried out in a gas-tight room, through the slag surface, the wall of the water-cooled Chill mold and the wall of one on the water-cooled Mold - gas-tight - seated hood is limited and in the a gas line to adjust the atmosphere flows;
  • the hood contains a bushing in which for the power supply is a smooth electrode rod with a clamping mechanism can be moved by suitable sealing elements.
  • This locked room for the electrode change is opened by the gas-tight Connection between lower hood flange and mold flange separately and the hood - depending on the Conception of the plant - to the extent that the Electrode remnant removed from the melting area and a new electrode is brought into the melting position can.
  • the Remelting process continued immediately and on the other hand the hood is immediately replaced on the mold flange and sealed gastight, immediately afterwards through suitable measures in the closed room again the desired protective gas atmosphere is set.
  • An embodiment is also within the scope of the invention in which the remelting of the self-consuming electrode in the gas-tight closed space takes place under a pressure, which is significantly lower than atmospheric pressure for example below 500 mbar; the block is in a chamber is built up in which the same pressure as in the room above the slag bath and at which is the pressure in the chambers before changing electrodes is first brought to atmospheric pressure before the gas-tight Connection between hood and mold flange for the execution of the electrode change is opened.
  • the block is also built up in a chamber here which is the same pressure as in the room above the Slag bath prevails and during which Electrode change the pressure above the slag bath is maintained that after withdrawing the electrode remnant in the hood the room above of the slag bath at the level of the mold flange a gas-tight built in between the mold and the hood Slider closed, then the pressure in the hood lowered to atmospheric pressure and only then gas-tight Connection between hood and slide flange for the purpose the electrode change is opened.
  • the new electrode in the melting position is the first Hood placed on the sealing flange and gas and sealed pressure-tight, the pressure in the hood to the same value as the pressure above the slag bath set, the gas-tight slide above the Slag bath opened and then the new electrode to continue the remelting process in the slag bath lowered.
  • the melting process is interrupted Electrode no oxygen transfer into the metal sump because this - as already mentioned - through the slag bath is shielded from the atmosphere and a direct one Transition of oxygen through the slag in a highly basic, practically no heavy metal ion-free slag can take place.
  • the slag can only then Transport oxygen when they change heavy metal ions Contains valence, such as ions of Iron, manganese, chromium or the like.
  • ESR slags are as they are offered by retailers become extremely low in heavy metal oxide. Only during the remelting due to the constant entry of tinder - despite ongoing slag deoxidation - the heavy metal oxide content the slag, with which the direct Oxygen transfer from the gas phase via the slag in the metal sump gets going.
  • two electrode pits 16, 16 a for electrodes 18, 18 a are provided outside two pivotable columns 12, 12 a in their adjusting platform 14.
  • a mold 20 of height a can be seen, which rests on the adjusting platform 14 in FIG. 1.
  • each column 12 or 12 a two carriages movable thereon are arranged one above the other, the upper one being referred to as the electrode carriage 22 and the lower one as the hood carriage 23.
  • a hood 24, 24 a is fixed, which extends coaxially to an electrode 18, 18 a hanging on an electrode rod 26.
  • the electrode rod 26 is attached at one end to the electrode carriage 22 by means of a clamping mechanism, with the aid of which a melt current is connected to the electrode 18, 18 a , the electrode rod 26 being inserted into the interior 25 of the hood 24, 24 a through a gas-tight axial passage 28 guided and can be moved with the electrode carriage 22 relative to the column 12, 12 a .
  • the electrode rod 26 can move the electrode 18, 18 a relative to the hood 24, 24 a .
  • the electrode 18 a of the column 12 a on the right in FIG. 1 rests , for example, in the electrode pit 16 a , ie below its hood 24 a at a distance b from it.
  • the Electrode 18 is one of the difference from the electrode melting rate and block build speed corresponding dimension in an emerging slag bath 34 followed up.
  • the second electrode 18 a is clamped to the second electrode rod 26 in the loading position and moved into the second hood 24 a , the latter already being brought into a position which enables a safe pivoting into the melting position .
  • the melt stream is switched off at the same time Retract the remaining piece of the electrode 18 into the hood 24, the hood / mold connection opened, hood 24 slightly raised and then by swiveling the column 12 from the melting position to the loading / unloading position swung out, in which the electrode remnant is removed becomes.
  • the second column 12 a is pivoted and the hood 24 a with the second electrode 18 a is brought over the melting position.
  • the hood 24 a is lowered and placed on the mold flange 21 and, on the other hand, the melt flow is switched on; the electrode 18 a is shut down until it touches the slag bath surface and the remelting process thus continues.
  • the atmosphere in the now closed melting chamber is immediately replaced (FIG. 3).
  • a short mold 20 k is permanently installed in a work platform 36 and the ESU block 32 formed in the mold 20 k with a lowerable base plate 30 k subtracted downwards at the same speed as the block assembly speed.
  • This inert gas ESU system 10 k is equipped with a fixed column 38, along which a hood carriage 23 and an electrode carriage 22 can be moved in the vertical direction.
  • the electrode carriage 23 keeps the electrode rod 26 a clamping cylinder 40, thanks to which the connection of the Melt current to the electrode 18 is established; the Electrode rod 26 is also gas-tight here Implementation 28 led into the interior of the hood 24.
  • two pivotable auxiliary arms - neglected in the drawing - are provided as loading and unloading arms.
  • the first electrode 18 is pivoted into the melting position, this is accepted and clamped by the electrode clamp, and the hood 24 and electrode 18 are lowered until on the one hand the latter on the lowerable base plate 30 k or the ignition plate or on the other hand Hood 24 sits gas-tight on the mold flange 21.
  • the power is switched on and after the slag has melted, the actual remelting begins.
  • the second electrode 18 a is prepared and suspended in the loading arm mentioned.
  • the melt flow is switched off, the hood / mold connection is opened, hood 24 and electrode rod 26 are moved into the change position.
  • the unloading arm picks up the remaining electrode and swivels it out of the melting position. If this is free, the new electrode 18 a is pivoted into it by means of the loading arm and clamped by the electrode rod clamp.
  • the loading arm is swung out, the melt flow is switched on, and the electrode 18 a and the hood 24 are simultaneously lowered until, on the one hand, the electrode 18 a touches the surface of the slag bath 34 or, on the other hand, the hood 24 sits gas-tight on the mold flange 21.
  • the protective gas atmosphere is then reestablished in the closed space above the slag. Now the remelting process is continued until the second electrode 18 a is also consumed. This can now be changed again in the manner described above. Several electrodes are remelted one after the other until the desired block length is reached.
  • the system 10 k shown in FIGS. 4, 5 with a lowerable base plate 30 k can alternatively also be equipped with two pivotable columns, each with an electrode and hood trolley. In this case, the swiveling loading and unloading arms can be omitted.
  • This system 10 k of FIGS. 4, 5 with its lowerable base plate 30 k , fixed column 38 and protective gas hood may also be designed in a relatively simple manner as a vacuum and / or overpressure system.
  • the base plate 30 k with the block 32 built thereon is lowered into a lower vessel connected to the lower mold flange in a gas-tight and pressure-tight manner, the pressures between the hood 24 and the lower vessel being connected via a pressure compensation line.
  • a gate valve is preferably installed between the upper mold flange 21 and the hood flange and is closed before the hood 24 is relieved of pressure. The gate valve is only opened when the hood 24 has been placed gas and pressure-tight after receiving the new electrode 18 a and the pressure in the hood 24 has been set to the same pressure as in the space above the slag bath 34.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un lingot métallique de refonte, en particulier en aciers ainsi qu'en alliages à base de nickel et de cobalt, par refonte successive d'au moins deux électrodes auto-consommables sous laitiers électriquement conducteurs, sous atmosphère à conjonction contrôlée, dans lequel on réalise la refonte de chacune des électrodes utilisées pour la réalisation du lingot métallique à part dans un espace délimité de façon étanche aux gaz par la surface du bain de laitier prévu dans une lingotière, par la paroi de la lingotière et par une coupole placée sous cette paroi, dans lequel la liaison étanche aux gaz entre la coupole et la lingotière est déconnectée pour l'ouverture de l'espace fermé afin de réaliser l'échange d'électrodes, tandis que la coupole est soulevée, la partie restante de l'électrode est évacuée de la zone de refonte, une nouvelle électrode est placée en position pour la refonte, et que la coupole est replacée sur la lingotière et est raccordée de façon étanche aux gaz, après quoi, l'atmosphère de gaz de protection préétablie est réinstallée dans l'espace fermé, et le processus de refonte est poursuivi.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la refonte de l'électrode auto-consommable est réalisée dans l'espace fermé étanche aux gaz sous une pression qui est nettement plus faible que la pression atmosphérique, en ce que le lingot est réalisé dans un espace dans lequel est maintenue la même pression que dans l'espace situé au-dessus du bain de laitier, la pression dans les espaces étant ramenée à la pression atmosphérique, avant que la liaison étanche aux gaz entre la coupole et la lingotière ne soit ouverte pour l'échange d'électrodes.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la refonte est réalisée dans l'espace fermé et étanche aux gaz, à une pression inférieure à 500 mbars.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par une pression lors de la refonte qui est inférieure à 200 mbars.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la refonte de l'électrode auto-consommable est réalisée dans un espace fermé et étanche aux gaz, dans lequel règne une pression supérieure à la pression atmosphérique, en ce que le lingot est réalisé dans un espace dans lequel est maintenue la même pression que dans l'espace situé au-dessus du bain de laitier, la pression au-dessus du bain de laitier étant pendant l'échange d'électrodes en ce qu'après le retrait de la partie restante de l'électrode dans la coupole, l'espace situé au-dessus du bain de laitier soit d'abord fermé, à la hauteur de la zone de la lingotière se raccordant à la coupole, par un organe d'obturation étanche aux gaz et prévu entre la lingotière et la coupole, qu'ensuite, la pression régnant dans la coupole soit réduite jusqu'à la pression atmosphérique, et qu'ensuite la liaison étanche aux gaz entre la coupole et l'organe d'obturation soit ouverte pour l'échange d'électrodes, la refonte étant le cas échéant réalisée dans l'espace étanche aux gaz à une pression supérieure à 2,0 bars.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que, après l'enlèvement de la pièce d'électrode et l'introduction d'une nouvelle électrode dans la position de refonte, la coupole est placée sur l'organe d'obturation et est obturée sur cet organe de façon étanche aux gaz et à la pression, en ce que la pression dans la coupole est réglée à la valeur de la pression régnant au-dessus du bain de laitier, en ce que l'organe d'obturation étanche aux gaz au-dessus du bain de laitier est ouvert et en ce que, ensuite, la nouvelle électrode pour la poursuite du processus de refonte est abaissée dans le bain de laitier.
  7. Installation pour mettre en oeuvre le procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par une coupole (24, 24a) pour chacune des électrodes, se raccordant de façon amovible et étanche aux gaz dans la zone d'une bride de lingotière (21) d'une lingotière (20, 20a) mobile par rapport à elle, pour constituer un espace étanche aux gaz, et caractérisée en ce que, dans cet espace, débouche au moins une conduite de gaz et que dans cet espace est à disposer une électrode (18, 18a), la coupole étant traversée à cet effet dans la zone d'un guidage de traversée (28) étanche aux gaz par une tige d'électrode (26) susceptible d'être levée et abaissée vers/dans la coupole.
  8. Installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la conduite de gaz débouche dans la coupole (24, 24a).
  9. Installation selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisée en ce que la tige d'électrode (26) est montée à une extrémité, en situation de conduction du courant électrique, dans un organe de serrage (40), coaxial à la coupole (24, 24a), d'un chariot d'électrode (22) déplaçable au moins verticalement.
  10. Installation selon la revendication 7 ou 9, caractérisée par au moins deux tiges d'électrodes (26) comportant chacune une coupole (24, 24a) associée qui est montée réglable en hauteur sur un chariot de coupole (23).
  11. Installation selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisée en ce que le chariot de coupole (23) et/ou le chariot d'électrode (22) est (sont) susceptible(s) de pivoter autour d'un axe (12, 12a).
  12. Installation selon l'une des revendications 7 à 11, caractérisée en ce que la lingotière (20) refroidie à l'eau à une faible hauteur (a) est susceptible d'être levée par rapport à une plaque de fond ou de sol (30).
  13. Installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la lingotière (20k) refroidie à l'eau d'un faible hauteur (a) est fixée dans un plan (36) et qu'une plaque de fond (30k) susceptible d'être abaissée lui est associée, un chariot d'électrode (22) et un chariot de coupole (23) étant le cas échéant associés à la lingotière (20k) pour régler en hauteur une coupole (24) traversée par une tige d'électrode (26).
  14. Installation selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que sont prévus des bras auxiliaires pivotants pour le transport de l'électrode (18) en position de fusion et des restes d'électrode hors de celle-ci, et/ou en ce que est disposé en dessous de la plaque de fond (30k) susceptible d'être abaissée un récipient relié de manière étanche à la lingotière (20k) pour recevoir le plaque de fond avec le bloc (32) monté sur celle-ci, le récipient étant relié à la coupole (24) par une installation d'égalisation de pression.
  15. Installation selon la revendication 14, caractérisée par une vanne à tiroir entre la bride de lingotière (21) supérieure et la coupole (24).
EP96101016A 1995-02-20 1996-01-25 Procédé et installation pour la fabrication de lingots métalliques Expired - Lifetime EP0727500B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19505743 1995-02-20
DE19505743A DE19505743A1 (de) 1995-02-20 1995-02-20 Verfahren und Anlage zum Herstellen von Blöcken aus Metallen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0727500A1 EP0727500A1 (fr) 1996-08-21
EP0727500B1 true EP0727500B1 (fr) 2000-04-19

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EP96101016A Expired - Lifetime EP0727500B1 (fr) 1995-02-20 1996-01-25 Procédé et installation pour la fabrication de lingots métalliques

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US5810904A (fr)
EP (1) EP0727500B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3958384B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE191936T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19505743A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013016192B3 (de) * 2013-09-28 2015-01-15 Messer Austria Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzen

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10128168C1 (de) * 2001-06-09 2002-10-24 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Metallblöcken nach dem Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzverfahren
KR100829699B1 (ko) * 2002-06-18 2008-05-14 주식회사 포스코 전극봉보충장치
CN101818257B (zh) * 2010-05-13 2011-08-03 应达工业（上海）有限公司 一种用于电渣重熔炉的导电连接装置
JP2021501834A (ja) * 2017-11-08 2021-01-21 エス・エム・エス メヴァック ゲー・エム・ベー・ハーＳＭＳ Ｍｅｖａｃ ＧｍｂＨ 同時に回転可能かつ移動可能な電極ロッドを備えた溶解炉

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DE278693C (fr) *
AT295059B (de) * 1969-06-17 1971-12-27 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Anlage zum Elektroschlackenumschmelzen von Metallen, insbesondere von Stählen
AT335090B (de) * 1973-05-30 1977-02-25 Ver Edelstahlwerke Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von gussblocken mit guter verformbarkeit aus hochschmelzenden eisen- und metallegierungen und vorrichtung zur durchfuhrung dieses verfahrens
AT343300B (de) * 1975-02-25 1978-05-26 Ver Edelstahlwerke Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von homogenen blocken
US4117253A (en) * 1977-03-01 1978-09-26 Wooding Corporation High integrity atmosphere control of electroslag melting
JPS6067616A (ja) * 1983-09-22 1985-04-18 Nippon Steel Corp 真空精錬炉に於ける測温・サンプリング装置
DE3721945A1 (de) * 1986-10-27 1988-05-19 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betreiben einer druck-elektroschlacke-umschmelzanlage
DE3775546D1 (de) * 1987-03-03 1992-02-06 Inteco Int Techn Beratung Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von gusskoerpern aus druckbehandelten schmelzen aus stahllegierungen.
DE3901297C2 (de) * 1989-01-18 1997-03-20 Leybold Ag Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzanlage mit einer Kokille und einer Haube
US4953177A (en) * 1989-07-03 1990-08-28 Allegheny Ludlum Corporation Method and means of reducing the oxidization of reactive elements in an electroslag remelting operation

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013016192B3 (de) * 2013-09-28 2015-01-15 Messer Austria Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Elektroschlacke-Umschmelzen
EP2853610A2 (fr) 2013-09-28 2015-04-01 Messer Austria GmbH Dispositif et procédé de refonte sous laitier électroconducteur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3958384B2 (ja) 2007-08-15
DE59604978D1 (de) 2000-05-25
DE19505743A1 (de) 1996-08-22
JPH08243725A (ja) 1996-09-24
ATE191936T1 (de) 2000-05-15
EP0727500A1 (fr) 1996-08-21
US5810904A (en) 1998-09-22

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