EP0726386A1 - Tank for expansion and de-acration for a cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Tank for expansion and de-acration for a cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0726386A1
EP0726386A1 EP96460006A EP96460006A EP0726386A1 EP 0726386 A1 EP0726386 A1 EP 0726386A1 EP 96460006 A EP96460006 A EP 96460006A EP 96460006 A EP96460006 A EP 96460006A EP 0726386 A1 EP0726386 A1 EP 0726386A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compartment
wall
tank according
liquid
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96460006A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0726386B1 (en
Inventor
Pierre Faivre
Cédric Leclerc
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Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
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Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
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Publication of EP0726386A1 publication Critical patent/EP0726386A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
    • F01P11/028—Deaeration devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
    • F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
    • F01P11/029—Expansion reservoirs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an expansion and degassing tank for the coolant of an internal combustion engine, and in particular of an engine fitted to a motor vehicle.
  • Such a tank is an important element of the cooling circuit.
  • the reservoir also constitutes a reserve capacity making it possible to compensate for losses by micro-leaks from the circuit, in particular by lack of tightness of the various fittings with which the circuit is provided. It also constitutes an expansion volume capable of absorbing the expansion of the coolant as a function of the temperature and pressure conditions. It is also used to fill the circuit and to control the coolant level.
  • the objective of the present invention is to provide an expansion and degassing tank which is very effective, while being of a simple design, of a moderate cost price, having a small footprint and adapting without difficulty. to different models of engines and cooling circuits, as well as to different models of vehicles in the case of an application to the automotive industry.
  • the container 14 which is described in the aforementioned document has a liquid inlet constituted by a tube situated at the top of the container and oriented tangentially to the circular section and to the wall of the container, as can be seen in the figure. 3 of the document.
  • Such a device however has a relatively limited effectiveness; in addition, the liquid leaving the reservoir is still turbulent and has a certain kinetic energy, which compromises the proper functioning of the part of the cooling circuit located downstream of the container.
  • Document EP-A-0 561 673 relates to an expansion and degassing tank - called a water box - which is not actually formed from two communicating compartments, but which comprises a compartment containing an internal conduit. The liquid arrival in the upper part of it takes place tangentially, and the liquid is subjected to centrifugation there.
  • a rib disposed in the lower part of the internal conduit is provided to promote the swirling of the liquid and facilitate its flow towards the outlet orifice.
  • the present invention relates more precisely to a reservoir formed by two communicating compartments.
  • the device described in FR-A-2 579 668 has a general shape of revolution, of vertical axis. It is a tank comprising two parts, namely an upper part into which arrives the portion of the coolant which comes from the cylinder head and / or the radiator, and a lower part in which arrives the portion of the coolant. coming from the vehicle heating circuit, these two parts communicating through an opening provided with an anti-revolving means.
  • the lower part is connected to an outlet pipe, through which the degassed liquid returns to the circulation pump provided in the cooling circuit.
  • this tank degassing is done using a jet breaker. In its lower part, it is produced by centrifugation, thanks to tangential arrangements of both the supply duct (coming from the heating circuit) and the outlet duct.
  • centrifugation being done in a single plane, it necessarily has a very limited efficiency.
  • the tank which is the subject of FR-A-2 600 117 is divided into two compartments arranged in such a way that the smallest of them is connected to a branch circuit of the main cooling circuit; this makes it possible to reduce the engine heating time thanks to a significant reduction in the volume of coolant which is used when the engine is cold, the coolant then circulating only in the bypass circuit - and therefore in the small compartment - because the main circuit is cut by a thermostatic valve.
  • the reservoir according to the present invention comprises two communicating compartments.
  • This tank is remarkable in that one of these compartments - called the first compartment - has a wall whose internal surface is a surface of revolution of vertical axis and is provided with at least one supply nozzle disposed in the upper part. and oriented in a direction substantially tangential to said surface so that the liquid to be degassed entering the first compartment is subjected to centrifugation, while the other compartment - called second compartment - is provided at its lower part with an outlet nozzle for the degassed liquid and is provided with a partitioning - known as a tranquilization - capable of opposing the gyratory movement of the liquid, said first and second compartments communicating with each other by openings located at the bottom of the first compartment, and through which the liquid passes from the latter into the second compartment.
  • a partitioning - known as a tranquilization - capable of opposing the gyratory movement of the liquid
  • the liquid to be degassed is stuck against the wall under the effect of centrifugal forces while descending by gravity inside the compartment, the particles of fluid following an approximately helical downward trajectory, of vertical axis.
  • this centrifugation and the vortex movements which it generates are slowed down, the liquid still being in gyratory movement, but no longer stuck against the compartment wall.
  • This residual rotation allows the gas bubbles to rise to the surface under the effect of Archimedes' thrust.
  • the movement of liquid takes place, the movement of which is hampered and, at least partially, interrupted by the partitioning lining this second compartment.
  • the expansion and degassing tank illustrated in the figures has the general shape of a body of revolution having a main central cylindrical portion, of vertical axis ZZ ' and curved upper and lower parts, for example hemispherical.
  • the outer shell of the tank is formed by two half-shells 1 and 3 of the same general shape, placed head to tail, and joined by flanges 13, respectively 33, constituting the edges of their opening, the opening of the half upper shell 1 being directed downwards while the opening of the lower half-shell 3 is directed upwards.
  • These half-shells are made of molded plastic, for example polypropylene, their connection at the flanges 13, 33 being by hot pressure (heat sealing).
  • the cylindrical and curved portions of the upper half-shell 1 have been designated by the references 10 and 11, and by the references 30 and 31 the cylindrical and respectively curved portions of the lower half-shell 3.
  • the bottom 110 of the half - upper shell is provided with a cylindrical neck 12, of axis ZZ ' , acting as a filling orifice for the tank, and intended to receive, in known manner, a shutter plug forming a calibrated pressure valve (safety valve) ; still in known manner, there is provided in the wall of the neck 12 an overflow orifice 120 opening into an evacuating nozzle 14 coming from molding with the neck; the end piece 14 is arranged horizontally, radially with respect to the axis ZZ ' .
  • the half-shell 1 is internally integral with a cylindrical tubular wall 2, coaxial with the cylindrical part 10, and which is connected in leaktight manner to the bottom wall 110.
  • the tubular wall 2 has a length greater than the height of the half-shell 1, and it therefore extends downwards inside the lower half-shell 3, up to the vicinity of the bottom 310 of the latter, at a certain distance from this bottom.
  • the internal face of the wall 2 has been designated by the reference 26.
  • the end pieces 25 are oriented, in a horizontal plane, in a tangential direction relative to the inner surface 26 (see Figure 13).
  • the wall 2 is pierced with one or more orifices 200 communicating the interior with the exterior of the tube.
  • the bottom portion 310 of the lower half-shell 3 is provided with a cylindrical outlet nozzle 32, of axis ZZ ' .
  • the wall 2 In its lower part, inside the half-shell 3, the wall 2 is provided on its external face with a vertical well 21, of approximately rectangular section (see FIG. 9), provided with a bottom 210. Au level of the central part of this well, the wall 2 is pierced with a small calibrated hole 22; a similar hole 23 is drilled opposite the hole 22 in the front wall of the well 21.
  • the wall 2 is cut at its free lower end, so as to have several notches 20 open downwards, of rectangular or square shape.
  • the free edge of the cylindrical wall 2 has over its entire periphery a recessed inner portion, into which the disc 40 can fit.
  • each side of the disc 40 On each side of the disc 40 are disposed vertical fins 42 constituted by thin lamellae, the width of which corresponds, apart from the interlocking clearance, to the space available between the wall 2 and the wall of the lower half-shell 3 when the disc 40 is in place, to form the bottom of the tubular part 2.
  • Each fin 42 has a lateral notch 420 facing outwards.
  • the two fins 42 are located in the same plane, which is parallel to the axis of the discoid part 40 (axis which corresponds to the axis ZZ ' when the element 4 is in place), but does not contain this axis.
  • These fins 42 extend inwards, under the disc 40, to connect to a part 41; the latter consists of a partition extending downwards under the disc 40 and having a "U" cross section (see FIGS. 5 and 6).
  • the partition has a height corresponding to the distance which separates the free end of the tubular wall 2 from the bottom 310.
  • the middle branch of this "U” has a cutout 410 opening downwards; the lateral branches of the "U” have a free edge which has a cut 411 directed downwards.
  • the internal face of the wall of the lower half-shell 3 is provided with two pairs of projections or slides 35 extending vertically, capable of being used for interlocking, by longitudinal translation from the top to the bottom of the fins 42.
  • the slides 35 are notched opposite the notches 420, a notch being referenced 350 in FIG. 2.
  • ribs 34 shaped so as to delimit a "U” groove serving to fit the partition 41 during the positioning of the element 4 in the half-shell 3.
  • the projections 34 are notched opposite the cutout 410 of the partition 41.
  • the assembly of the reservoir is done first by placing the element 4 in the lower half-shell, then by placing the upper half-shell 1 on the lower half-shell 3, the free edge of the wall 2 then coming to fit into the discoid part 40; the half-shells 1 and 3 are then fixed to each other by heat sealing.
  • a double-shelled tank comprising a first compartment 5 delimited by the inner cylindrical wall 2, by the upper bottom 110, and by the discoid part 40, and a second compartment 6 constituted by the interior space with half-shells 1 and 3 and outside part 5 and bottom 40.
  • this reservoir consists only of three separate parts, of molded plastic such as polypropylene, the cost of which is relatively low.
  • the material chosen is preferably transparent or translucent, so that it is possible to see the level of liquid inside the tank without opening the shutter cap.
  • graduations 100 are provided on the wall of the reservoir, which indicate the volume of liquid contained in it.
  • the reservoir has the form of a compact box, the general cylindrical shape of which has convex ends with the advantage of withstanding internal pressure constraints well.
  • the tank is connected to the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine, between the cylinder head and / or radiator outlet and the engine inlet.
  • the inlet ends 25 and the outlet end 32 are of the standardized type, allowing their connection to the pipes of the circuit.
  • detection members such as electrodes for example, making it possible to control that the level of the liquid contained in the reservoir remains between predetermined minimum and maximum values; if this is not the case, these detection devices generate a signal warning the user, for example by means of an indicator provided on the dashboard of the vehicle.
  • the coolant is introduced into the circuit through the neck 12.
  • the tank is placed in an upper zone of the circuit, so as to put it on load (under pressure).
  • the level N of the coolant is visible through the wall of the tank.
  • the liquid arrives in the reservoir through the nozzles 25, as is symbolized by the arrows A in FIGS. 12 and 13.
  • This liquid is charged with gas, and in particular with air, which have been captured in the cooling circuit, in particular in the engine or in the radiator. It opens tangentially in the upper part of compartment 5, and is therefore subjected to centrifugation, which presses it against the internal face 26 of the cylindrical wall 3. The intensity of the centrifugal forces being different on the liquid phase and on the gas phase, a rapid separation of the gases is thus obtained, which go back up into the compartment 5 and are then evacuated outside the tank by the shutter plug BO and by the overflow orifice 120.
  • the liquid follows an approximately helical downward trajectory symbolized by the line B. This liquid falls back into the mass of liquid L 1 contained in the compartment 5. It is then still in rotation, but is no longer stuck to the tubular wall 2. This residual rotation, which is symbolized by the line C in the figure 12, allows the gas bubbles which are still in the liquid to rise to the surface under the effect of Archimedes' push.
  • the liquid then leaves compartment 5 through the openings 20, as symbolized by the arrows E , to end up outside the tube 2, in the second compartment 6, joining the liquid L 2 present in the latter.
  • the liquid is braked by the baffled partition consisting firstly of the fins 42 arranged laterally and by the "U" partition 41 disposed under the bottom 40.
  • the liquid nevertheless manages to pass, in particular through the notches of fins 420 (arrows F ), through the notch 410 of the lower partition 41 (arrow F ' ) and bypassing the walls of the lower partition 41 (arrows G ). He thus arrives in space inside of the U-shaped partition 41, where the inlet orifice 321 of the outlet nozzle 32 is located.
  • the role of the orifice (orifices) 200 is to allow the free comunication of air between the compartments 5 and 6, which is necessary to obtain the balance of the levels in these compartments.
  • the detection well 21 is an area of the reservoir which is not subjected to the general flow of the liquid which passes through it.
  • the two calibrated orifices 22 and 23 provide damping for variations in the level of liquid which prevents untimely detections.
  • the tranquilization partitioning which prevents the liquid leaving the reservoir via the charging tip of the circuit 32 from being in a state of turbulence also has the effect of limiting the movements of the liquid due to the accelerations which it undergoes during of the rolling of the vehicle, which thus avoids a planing of the loading orifice 320, and the aspiration of air by the latter.
  • a single supply nozzle 25 could be provided, instead of two, for introducing the liquid to be degassed tangentially into the compartment 5.

Abstract

The tank consists of two communicating compartments (5, 6), the first having a wall with an inner cylindrical surface and at least one tangential inlet (25) at the top to centrifuge the incoming liquid, while the second has an outlet (32) at the bottom for the degassed liquid and a partition (41, 42) to damp the swirling motion of the liq. The two compartments communicate with one other through apertures (20) at the bottom of the first compartment (5). The second compartment has a cylindrical wall (10) lying coaxially with the first compartment, and two hemispherical ends (11, 31). The tank is made from a moulded plastic such as translucent polypropylene with graduations on its outer surface to allow the liquid level to be monitored.

Description

La présente invention concerne un réservoir d'expansion et de dégazage pour le liquide de refroidissement d'un moteur à combustion interne, et notamment d'un moteur équipant un véhicule automobile.The present invention relates to an expansion and degassing tank for the coolant of an internal combustion engine, and in particular of an engine fitted to a motor vehicle.

Un tel réservoir est un élément important du circuit de refroidissement.Such a tank is an important element of the cooling circuit.

En effet, il assure la séparation des gaz, en particulier de l'air qui se trouve en solution dans le liquide, et dont la présence dans le circuit de refroidissement est néfaste pour son bon fonctionnement.Indeed, it ensures the separation of gases, in particular of the air which is in solution in the liquid, and whose presence in the cooling circuit is detrimental for its proper functioning.

Le réservoir constitue aussi une capacité de réserve permettant de compenser les pertes par microfuites du circuit, en particulier par défaut d'étanchéité des différents raccords dont le circuit est pourvu. Il constitue également un volume d'expansion apte à absorber les dilatations du liquide de refroidissement en fonction des conditions de température et de pression. Il sert par ailleurs au remplissage du circuit et au contrôle du niveau du liquide de refroidissement.The reservoir also constitutes a reserve capacity making it possible to compensate for losses by micro-leaks from the circuit, in particular by lack of tightness of the various fittings with which the circuit is provided. It also constitutes an expansion volume capable of absorbing the expansion of the coolant as a function of the temperature and pressure conditions. It is also used to fill the circuit and to control the coolant level.

Enfin, il assure la mise en charge et la pressurisation du circuit de refroidissement, cette pressurisation étant régulée par un bouchon obturateur jouant le rôle de soupape tarée.Finally, it ensures the charging and pressurization of the cooling circuit, this pressurization being regulated by a shutter plug acting as a calibrated valve.

L'objectif de la présente invention est de proposer un réservoir d'expansion et de dégazage qui soit très efficace, tout en étant d'une conception simple, d'un prix de revient modéré, présentant un faible encombrement et s'adaptant sans difficulté à différents modèles de moteurs et de circuits de refroidissement, ainsi qu'à différents modèles de véhicules dans le cas d'une application à l'industrie automobile.The objective of the present invention is to provide an expansion and degassing tank which is very effective, while being of a simple design, of a moderate cost price, having a small footprint and adapting without difficulty. to different models of engines and cooling circuits, as well as to different models of vehicles in the case of an application to the automotive industry.

Dans les réservoirs d'expansion et de dégazage traditionnels, la séparation des phases gazeuse et liquide se fait sous l'effet de la gravité, la poussée d'Archimède faisant remonter les gaz, plus légers que le liquide, à la surface de celui-ci, dans la partie supérieure du réservoir.In traditional expansion and degassing tanks, the separation of the gas and liquid phases takes place under the effect of gravity, the Archimedes' push causing the gases, lighter than the liquid, to rise to the surface of the latter. ci, in the upper part of the tank.

Il est également connu, par exemple par le document FR-A-2 317 489, de soumettre le liquide entrant dans le réservoir à un mouvement de tourbillon, qui réalise une séparation des phases liquide et gazeuse par effet centrifuge, plus efficace que l'effet gravitaire.It is also known, for example from document FR-A-2 317 489, to subject the liquid entering the reservoir to a vortex movement, which achieves a separation of the liquid and gaseous phases by centrifugal effect, more effective than gravity effect.

Pour cela, le récipient 14 qui est décrit dans le document précité possède une entrée de liquide constituée par une tubulure située à la partie supérieure du récipient et orientée tangentiellement à la section circulaire et à la paroi du récipient, comme cela est visible sur la figure 3 du document.For this, the container 14 which is described in the aforementioned document has a liquid inlet constituted by a tube situated at the top of the container and oriented tangentially to the circular section and to the wall of the container, as can be seen in the figure. 3 of the document.

Un tel dispositif possède cependant une efficacité relativement limitée ; de plus, le liquide quittant le réservoir est encore turbulent et possède une certaine énergie cinétique, ce qui compromet le bon fonctionnement de la partie du circuit de refroidissement située en aval du récipient.Such a device however has a relatively limited effectiveness; in addition, the liquid leaving the reservoir is still turbulent and has a certain kinetic energy, which compromises the proper functioning of the part of the cooling circuit located downstream of the container.

Le document EP-A-0 561 673 se rapporte à un réservoir d'expansion et de dégazage - appelé boîte à eau - qui n'est pas réellement formé de deux compartiments communiquants, mais qui comporte un compartiment contenant un conduit interne. L'arrivée de liquide dans la partie supérieure de celui-ci se fait de manière tangentielle, et le liquide y est soumis à une centrifugation.Document EP-A-0 561 673 relates to an expansion and degassing tank - called a water box - which is not actually formed from two communicating compartments, but which comprises a compartment containing an internal conduit. The liquid arrival in the upper part of it takes place tangentially, and the liquid is subjected to centrifugation there.

Dans ce dispositif connu, une nervure disposée dans la partie inférieure du conduit interne est prévue pour favoriser le tourbillonnement du liquide et faciliter son écoulement vers l'orifice de sortie.In this known device, a rib disposed in the lower part of the internal conduit is provided to promote the swirling of the liquid and facilitate its flow towards the outlet orifice.

Dans cette réalisation, c'est donc aussi un liquide dynamique (turbulent) qui quitte le réservoir.In this embodiment, it is therefore also a dynamic (turbulent) liquid which leaves the reservoir.

La présente invention concerne plus précisément un réservoir formé de deux compartiments communicants.The present invention relates more precisely to a reservoir formed by two communicating compartments.

De tels réservoirs sont déjà connus, notamment par les documents FR-A-2 579 668 et FR-A-2 600 117.Such reservoirs are already known, in particular from documents FR-A-2,579,668 and FR-A-2,600,117.

Le dispositif décrit dans le FR-A-2 579 668 a une forme générale de révolution, d'axe vertical. Il s'agit d'un réservoir comprenant deux parties, à savoir une partie supérieure dans laquelle arrive la portion du liquide de refroidissement qui provient de la culasse et/ou du radiateur, et une partie inférieure dans laquelle arrive la portion du liquide de refroidissement provenant du circuit de chauffage du véhicule, ces deux parties communiquant par une ouverture munie d'un moyen anti-giratoire. La partie inférieure est branchée sur un conduit de sortie, par lequel le liquide dégazé retourne à la pompe de circulation prévue dans le circuit de refroidissement.The device described in FR-A-2 579 668 has a general shape of revolution, of vertical axis. It is a tank comprising two parts, namely an upper part into which arrives the portion of the coolant which comes from the cylinder head and / or the radiator, and a lower part in which arrives the portion of the coolant. coming from the vehicle heating circuit, these two parts communicating through an opening provided with an anti-revolving means. The lower part is connected to an outlet pipe, through which the degassed liquid returns to the circulation pump provided in the cooling circuit.

Dans la partie supérieure de ce réservoir, le dégazage se fait à l'aide d'un brise-jet. Dans sa partie inférieure, il est réalisé par centrifugation, grâce à des dispositions tangentielles à la fois du conduit d'alimentation (provenant du circuit de chauffage) et du conduit de sortie.In the upper part of this tank, degassing is done using a jet breaker. In its lower part, it is produced by centrifugation, thanks to tangential arrangements of both the supply duct (coming from the heating circuit) and the outlet duct.

On notera que la partie inférieure est de faible épaisseur, la centrifugation du liquide se faisant donc sensiblement dans un plan horizontal.It will be noted that the lower part is thin, the centrifugation of the liquid therefore taking place substantially in a horizontal plane.

Un tel dispositif n'est pas réellement efficace, car l'importance de la centrifugation à laquelle le liquide est soumis est directement dépendante du débit du liquide provenant du circuit de chauffage ; or ce débit est variable, pouvant même être nul en certaines périodes d'utilisation.Such a device is not really effective, since the amount of centrifugation to which the liquid is subjected is directly dependent on the flow rate of the liquid coming from the heating circuit; however, this flow rate is variable, possibly even being zero during certain periods of use.

De plus, la centrifugation se faisant dans un seul plan, elle a forcément une efficacité très limitée.In addition, centrifugation being done in a single plane, it necessarily has a very limited efficiency.

Enfin, c'est un liquide en mouvement qui quitte le réservoir ; il est donc cause de turbulences et d'inégalités de débit et de pression dans la tubulure de retour à la pompe de circulation du fluide, ce qui est indésirable pour le bon fonctionnement de l'ensemble du circuit de refroidissement.Finally, it is a moving liquid which leaves the reservoir; it is therefore a cause of turbulence and of flow and pressure inequalities in the return pipe to the fluid circulation pump, which is undesirable for the proper functioning of the entire cooling circuit.

Le réservoir qui fait l'objet du FR-A-2 600 117 est divisé en deux compartiments agencés de telle manière que le plus petit d'entre eux est raccordé à un circuit de dérivation du circuit de refroidissement principal ; ceci permet de réduire le temps de chauffe du moteur grâce à une réduction sensible du volume de liquide de refroidissement qui est mis en oeuvre lorsque le moteur est froid, le liquide de refroidissement circulant alors uniquement dans le circuit de dérivation - et donc dans le petit compartiment - car le circuit principal se trouve coupé par une vanne thermostatique.The tank which is the subject of FR-A-2 600 117 is divided into two compartments arranged in such a way that the smallest of them is connected to a branch circuit of the main cooling circuit; this makes it possible to reduce the engine heating time thanks to a significant reduction in the volume of coolant which is used when the engine is cold, the coolant then circulating only in the bypass circuit - and therefore in the small compartment - because the main circuit is cut by a thermostatic valve.

Dans ce réservoir, la séparation des phases liquide et gazeuse se fait de manière classique et relativement peu efficace, uniquement par effet gravitaire.In this tank, the separation of the liquid and gas phases is done in a conventional and relatively ineffective manner, only by gravity effect.

Comme les deux dispositifs connus qui viennent d'être mentionnés, le réservoir selon la présente invention comprend deux compartiments communicants.Like the two known devices which have just been mentioned, the reservoir according to the present invention comprises two communicating compartments.

Ce réservoir est remarquable en ce que l'un de ces compartiments - dit premier compartiment - a une paroi dont la surface interne est une surface de révolution d'axe vertical et est muni d'au moins un embout d'alimentation disposé en partie haute et orienté selon une direction sensiblement tangentielle par rapport à ladite surface de telle sorte que le liquide à dégazer entrant dans le premier compartiment est soumis à une centrifugation, tandis que l'autre compartiment - dit second compartiment - est muni à sa partie basse d'un embout de sortie du liquide dégazé et est pourvu d'un cloisonnement - dit de tranquillisation - apte à contrarier le mouvement giratoire du liquide, lesdits premier et second compartiments communiquant l'un avec l'autre par des ouvertures situées à la partie basse du premier compartiment, et par lesquelles le liquide passe de ce dernier dans le second compartiment.This tank is remarkable in that one of these compartments - called the first compartment - has a wall whose internal surface is a surface of revolution of vertical axis and is provided with at least one supply nozzle disposed in the upper part. and oriented in a direction substantially tangential to said surface so that the liquid to be degassed entering the first compartment is subjected to centrifugation, while the other compartment - called second compartment - is provided at its lower part with an outlet nozzle for the degassed liquid and is provided with a partitioning - known as a tranquilization - capable of opposing the gyratory movement of the liquid, said first and second compartments communicating with each other by openings located at the bottom of the first compartment, and through which the liquid passes from the latter into the second compartment.

Ainsi, dans le premier compartiment s'opère un dégazage particulièrement efficace du liquide, à la fois par suite de la mise en mouvement tourbillonnaire (effet de Vortex) et sous l'effet de la poussée d'Archimède (effet gravitaire).Thus, in the first compartment there is a particularly effective degassing of the liquid, both as a result of the vortex movement (Vortex effect) and under the effect of Archimedes' push (gravity effect).

Dans ce premier compartiment le liquide à dégazer se trouve collé contre la paroi sous l'effet des forces centrifuges tout en descendant par gravité à l'intérieur du compartiment, les particules de fluide suivant une trajectoire approximativement hélicoïdale descendante, d'axe vertical. Lorsque les particules atteignent le niveau du liquide contenu dans le réservoir, cette centrifugation et les mouvements tourbillonnaires qu'elle engendre se trouvent freinés, le liquide étant encore en mouvement giratoire, mais n'étant plus collé contre la paroi du compartiment. Cette rotation résiduelle permet aux bulles de gaz de remonter à la surface sous l'effet de la poussée d'Archimède.In this first compartment, the liquid to be degassed is stuck against the wall under the effect of centrifugal forces while descending by gravity inside the compartment, the particles of fluid following an approximately helical downward trajectory, of vertical axis. When the particles reach the level of the liquid contained in the reservoir, this centrifugation and the vortex movements which it generates are slowed down, the liquid still being in gyratory movement, but no longer stuck against the compartment wall. This residual rotation allows the gas bubbles to rise to the surface under the effect of Archimedes' thrust.

Dans le second compartiment s'opère la tranquillisation du mouvement de liquide, dont le déplacement se trouve gêné et, au moins partiellement, interrompu par le cloisonnement garnissant ce second compartiment.In the second compartment, the movement of liquid takes place, the movement of which is hampered and, at least partially, interrupted by the partitioning lining this second compartment.

C'est donc un liquide dégazé et pratiquement statique (en tout cas non turbulent) qui va quitter le réservoir à travers l'embout de sortie pour servir à la mise en charge du circuit de refroidissement.It is therefore a degassed and practically static liquid (in any case non-turbulent) which will leave the tank through the outlet nozzle to serve for the loading of the cooling circuit.

Cette mise en charge statique du circuit favorise le bon fonctionnement de celui-ci.This static loading of the circuit promotes the proper functioning thereof.

Par ailleurs, selon un certain nombre de caractéristiques avantageuses, non limitatives de l'invention :

  • la paroi dudit second compartiment a une forme de révolution, coaxiale au premier et entourant ce dernier ;
  • le premier compartiment a une paroi tubulaire de forme cylindrique, tandis que la paroi du second compartiment possède une partie principale cylindrique et des portions d'extrémité hémisphériques ;
  • la paroi dudit premier compartiment s'étend axialement et vers le bas jusqu'au voisinage du fond du second compartiment ;
  • la paroi dudit second compartiment est formée de deux demi-coquilles ayant une forme de révolution en matière plastique moulée fixées l'une à l'autre en position tête-bêche, la paroi cylindrique du premier compartiment formant partie intégrante de l'une d'entre elles ;
  • la paroi dudit premier compartiment forme partie intégrante de la demi-coquille supérieure, à laquelle elle se raccorde, de manière étanche, en partie haute, au niveau de son fond ;
  • ladite demi-coquille supérieure est munie à sa partie haute d'un orifice de remplissage et d'au moins un embout d'alimentation, tous deux débouchant dans le premier compartiment ;
  • ladite demi-coquille inférieure est munie, au niveau de son fond, dudit embout de sortie, ce dernier ayant une forme générale cylindrique de même axe que l'axe de révolution des demi-coquilles ;
  • le cloisonnement de tranquillisation est solidaire d'une pièce discoïde s'adaptant à l'extrémité basse de la paroi tubulaire du premier compartiment pour en constituer le fond, lesdites ouvertures qui font communiquer les deux compartiments consistant en des encoches formées à ce niveau dans la paroi ;
  • ce cloisonnement comprend des ailettes à encoche qui s'étendent verticalement dans la partie inférieure du réservoir, dans l'espace annulaire séparant la paroi tubulaire du premier compartiment de la paroi de la demi-coquille inférieure ;
  • ce cloisonnement comprend une cloison de section en "U", à flancs verticaux, qui est située en-dessous de ladite pièce discoïde et vient en appui contre le fond de la demi-coquille inférieure, les flancs de cette cloison entourant l'orifice d'entrée de l'embout de sortie ;
  • le réservoir comporte un puits de détection de niveau, solidaire de la paroi du premier compartiment et disposé à l'extérieur de ce dernier, dans la moitié inférieure du réservoir ;
  • le récipient est réalisé en polypropylène moulé translucide, et il comporte sur sa paroi extérieure une graduation de lecture de niveau de liquide ;
  • lesdits compartiments communiquent l'un avec l'autre à leur partie haute par un ou plusieurs orifices qui assurent l'équilibre des niveaux dans les deux compartiments.
Furthermore, according to a certain number of advantageous, non-limiting characteristics of the invention:
  • the wall of said second compartment has a shape of revolution, coaxial with the first and surrounding the latter;
  • the first compartment has a tubular wall of cylindrical shape, while the wall of the second compartment has a main cylindrical part and hemispherical end portions;
  • the wall of said first compartment extends axially and downwards in the vicinity of the bottom of the second compartment;
  • the wall of said second compartment is formed by two half-shells having a shape of revolution in molded plastic material fixed to each other in head-to-tail position, the cylindrical wall of the first compartment forming an integral part of one of between them ;
  • the wall of said first compartment forms an integral part of the upper half-shell, to which it is sealingly connected, in the upper part, at its bottom;
  • said upper half-shell is provided at its upper part with a filling orifice and with at least one supply nozzle, both opening into the first compartment;
  • said lower half-shell is provided, at its bottom, with said outlet nozzle, the latter having a generally cylindrical shape with the same axis as the axis of revolution of the half-shells;
  • the tranquilization partitioning is integral with a discoid piece adapting to the lower end of the tubular wall of the first compartment to constitute the bottom, said openings which make the two compartments communicate, consisting of notches formed at this level in the wall;
  • this partitioning comprises notched fins which extend vertically in the lower part of the tank, in the annular space separating the tubular wall of the first compartment from the wall of the lower half-shell;
  • this partitioning comprises a "U" section partition, with vertical sides, which is located below said discoid piece and comes to bear against the bottom of the lower half-shell, the sides of this partition surrounding the orifice 'input of the outlet nozzle;
  • the reservoir comprises a level detection well, integral with the wall of the first compartment and disposed outside of the latter, in the lower half of the reservoir;
  • the container is made of translucent molded polypropylene, and it has on its outer wall a scale for reading the level of liquid;
  • said compartments communicate with each other at their upper part by one or more orifices which ensure the balance of the levels in the two compartments.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront de la description et des dessins annexés qui en représentent, à simple titre d'exemple non limitatif, un mode de réalisation préféré.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description and the appended drawings which represent, by way of non-limiting example, a preferred embodiment.

Sur ces dessins :

  • la figure 1 est une vue générale en perspective, avec arrachement partiel de sa paroi externe, d'un réservoir conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 représente le même réservoir coupé par un plan vertical médian, ce plan étant désigné II-II aux figures 9 et 10 ;
  • les figures 3, 4 et 5 représentent, respectivement, en vue de face, vue de côté et vue de dessous l'élément de cloisonnement dont est pourvu ce récipient ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue de détail, coupée par le plan horizontal VI-VI de la figure 7, de l'une des cloisons constitutives du cloisonnement de tranquillisation ;
  • la figure 7 représente, à plus grande échelle, le réservoir coupé axialement, par un plan vertical décalé angulairement par rapport au plan de coupe de la figure 2, ce plan de coupe étant référencé VII-VII aux figures 9 et 10 ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue de gauche de la figure 7, à échelle plus petite ;
  • les figures 9, 10 et 11 représentent le réservoir coupé par des plans horizontaux qui sont référencés respectivement IX-IX, X-X et XI -XI à la figure 7 ;
  • la figure 12 est une vue schématique du réservoir, coupé par un plan vertical médian, cette vue étant destinée à illustrer la manière selon laquelle s'opère le dégazage ;
  • la figure 13 est une vue de dessus schématique de la partie supérieure du premier compartiment, cette vue illustrant le mouvement giratoire du liquide rentrant dans ce compartiment.
In these drawings:
  • Figure 1 is a general perspective view, partially broken away from its outer wall, of a reservoir according to the invention;
  • 2 shows the same tank cut by a vertical median plane, this plane being designated II-II in Figures 9 and 10;
  • Figures 3, 4 and 5 show, respectively, in front view, side view and bottom view of the partition element which is provided with this container;
  • Figure 6 is a detail view, cut by the horizontal plane VI-VI of Figure 7, of one of the partitions constituting the plenum partitioning;
  • FIG. 7 represents, on a larger scale, the tank cut axially, by a vertical plane offset angularly with respect to the cutting plane of FIG. 2, this cutting plane being referenced VII-VII in FIGS. 9 and 10;
  • Figure 8 is a left view of Figure 7, on a smaller scale;
  • Figures 9, 10 and 11 show the tank cut by horizontal planes which are referenced respectively IX-IX, XX and XI -XI in Figure 7;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view of the tank, cut by a median vertical plane, this view being intended to illustrate the manner in which degassing takes place;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic top view of the upper part of the first compartment, this view illustrating the gyratory movement of the liquid entering this compartment.

Le réservoir d'expansion et de dégazage illustré sur les figures a la forme générale d'un corps de révolution ayant une portion principale centrale cylindrique, d'axe vertical ZZ' et des parties haute et basse bombées, par exemple hémisphériques.The expansion and degassing tank illustrated in the figures has the general shape of a body of revolution having a main central cylindrical portion, of vertical axis ZZ ' and curved upper and lower parts, for example hemispherical.

L'enveloppe extérieure du réservoir est formée de deux demi-coquilles 1 et 3 de même forme générale, placées tête-bêche, et accolées par des collerettes 13, respectivement 33, constituant les rebords de leur ouverture, l'ouverture de la demi-coquille supérieure 1 étant dirigée vers le bas tandis que l'ouverture de la demi-coquille inférieure 3 est dirigée vers le haut.The outer shell of the tank is formed by two half-shells 1 and 3 of the same general shape, placed head to tail, and joined by flanges 13, respectively 33, constituting the edges of their opening, the opening of the half upper shell 1 being directed downwards while the opening of the lower half-shell 3 is directed upwards.

Ces demi-coquilles sont réalisées en matière plastique moulée, par exemple en polypropylène, leur liaison au niveau des collerettes 13, 33 se faisant par pression à chaud (thermosoudage).These half-shells are made of molded plastic, for example polypropylene, their connection at the flanges 13, 33 being by hot pressure (heat sealing).

On a désigné par les références 10 et 11 les portions cylindrique et respectivement bombée de la demi-coquille supérieure 1, et par les références 30 et 31 les portions cylindrique et respectivement bombée de la demi-coquille inférieure 3. Le fond 110 de la demi-coquille supérieure est muni d'un goulot cylindrique 12, d'axe ZZ', faisant office d'orifice de remplissage du réservoir, et destiné à recevoir, de manière connue, un bouchon obturateur formant clapet de pression tarée (soupape de sécurité) ; toujours de manière connue, il est prévu dans la paroi du goulot 12 un orifice de trop-plein 120 débouchant dans un embout évacuateur 14 venant de moulage avec le goulot ; l'embout 14 est disposé horizontalement, radialement par rapport à l'axe ZZ'.The cylindrical and curved portions of the upper half-shell 1 have been designated by the references 10 and 11, and by the references 30 and 31 the cylindrical and respectively curved portions of the lower half-shell 3. The bottom 110 of the half - upper shell is provided with a cylindrical neck 12, of axis ZZ ' , acting as a filling orifice for the tank, and intended to receive, in known manner, a shutter plug forming a calibrated pressure valve (safety valve) ; still in known manner, there is provided in the wall of the neck 12 an overflow orifice 120 opening into an evacuating nozzle 14 coming from molding with the neck; the end piece 14 is arranged horizontally, radially with respect to the axis ZZ ' .

La demi-coquille 1 est solidaire intérieurement d'une paroi tubulaire cylindrique 2, coaxiale à la partie cylindrique 10, et qui se raccorde de manière étanche à la paroi du fond 110. La paroi tubulaire 2 a une longueur plus grande que la hauteur de la demi-coquille 1, et elle se prolonge donc vers le bas à l'intérieur de la demi-coquille inférieure 3, jusqu'au voisinage du fond 310 de cette dernière, à une certaine distance de ce fond.The half-shell 1 is internally integral with a cylindrical tubular wall 2, coaxial with the cylindrical part 10, and which is connected in leaktight manner to the bottom wall 110. The tubular wall 2 has a length greater than the height of the half-shell 1, and it therefore extends downwards inside the lower half-shell 3, up to the vicinity of the bottom 310 of the latter, at a certain distance from this bottom.

On a désigné par la référence 26 la face interne de la paroi 2.The internal face of the wall 2 has been designated by the reference 26.

A la partie supérieure du réservoir sont prévus deux embouts tubulaires 25 diamétralement opposés, qui viennent de moulage avec l'ensemble 1, 2, et qui débouchent dans l'espace intérieur de la partie tubulaire 2. Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, les embouts 25 sont orientés, dans un plan horizontal, selon une direction tangentielle par rapport à la surface intérieure 26 (voir figure 13).At the upper part of the reservoir are provided two diametrically opposite tubular ends 25, which come from molding with the assembly 1, 2, and which open into the interior space of the tubular part 2. According to an important characteristic of the invention, the end pieces 25 are oriented, in a horizontal plane, in a tangential direction relative to the inner surface 26 (see Figure 13).

On a désigné par la référence 24 les ouvertures par lesquelles les embouts 25 débouchent à l'intérieur de la paroi 2.The openings 24 through which the end pieces 25 open out inside the wall 2 have been designated by the reference 24.

En partie supérieure, la paroi 2 est percée d'un ou plusieurs orifices 200 faisant communiquer l'intérieur avec l'extérieur du tube.In the upper part, the wall 2 is pierced with one or more orifices 200 communicating the interior with the exterior of the tube.

La partie de fond 310 de la demi-coquille inférieure 3 est munie d'un embout de sortie cylindrique 32, d'axe ZZ'.The bottom portion 310 of the lower half-shell 3 is provided with a cylindrical outlet nozzle 32, of axis ZZ ' .

Dans sa partie basse, à l'intérieur de la demi-coquille 3, la paroi 2 est munie sur sa face externe d'un puits vertical 21, de section approximativement rectangulaire (voir figure 9), munie d'un fond 210. Au niveau de la partie centrale de ce puits, la paroi 2 est percée d'un petit trou calibré 22 ; un trou similaire 23 est percé en vis-à-vis du trou 22, dans la cloison frontale du puits 21.In its lower part, inside the half-shell 3, the wall 2 is provided on its external face with a vertical well 21, of approximately rectangular section (see FIG. 9), provided with a bottom 210. Au level of the central part of this well, the wall 2 is pierced with a small calibrated hole 22; a similar hole 23 is drilled opposite the hole 22 in the front wall of the well 21.

Enfin, la paroi 2 est découpée à son extrémité inférieure libre, de manière à présenter plusieurs encoches 20 ouvertes vers le bas, de forme rectangulaire ou carrée.Finally, the wall 2 is cut at its free lower end, so as to have several notches 20 open downwards, of rectangular or square shape.

A l'extérieur de la partie 2, et à l'intérieur de la demi-coquille inférieure 3, est installé un élément 4 qui est représenté en détail sur les figures 3, 4 et 5.Outside of part 2, and inside of the lower half-shell 3, is installed an element 4 which is shown in detail in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5.

Il s'agit d'un élément monobloc en matière plastique moulée comprenant une partie discoïde 40 dont le diamètre correspond, au jeu d'emboîtement près, à celui de la paroi cylindrique 2, cette partie 40 étant destinée à en constituer le fond.It is a one-piece element of molded plastic comprising a discoid part 40 whose diameter corresponds, apart from the interlocking clearance, to that of the cylindrical wall 2, this part 40 being intended to constitute the bottom thereof.

Plus précisément, le chant libre de la paroi cylindrique 2 présente sur toute sa périphérie une portion intérieure renfoncée, dans lequel peut s'emboîter le disque 40.More precisely, the free edge of the cylindrical wall 2 has over its entire periphery a recessed inner portion, into which the disc 40 can fit.

De chaque côté du disque 40 sont disposées des ailettes verticales 42 constituées par des lamelles de faible épaisseur, dont la largeur correspond, au jeu d'emboîtement près, à l'espace disponible entre la paroi 2 et la paroi de la demi-coquille inférieure 3 lorsque le disque 40 est en place, pour constituer le fond de la partie tubulaire 2. Chaque ailette 42 présente une encoche latérale 420 tournée vers l'extérieur.On each side of the disc 40 are disposed vertical fins 42 constituted by thin lamellae, the width of which corresponds, apart from the interlocking clearance, to the space available between the wall 2 and the wall of the lower half-shell 3 when the disc 40 is in place, to form the bottom of the tubular part 2. Each fin 42 has a lateral notch 420 facing outwards.

Les deux ailettes 42 sont situées dans un même plan, qui est parallèle à l'axe de la partie discoïde 40 (axe qui correspond à l'axe ZZ' lorsque l'élément 4 est en place), mais ne contient pas cet axe.The two fins 42 are located in the same plane, which is parallel to the axis of the discoid part 40 (axis which corresponds to the axis ZZ ' when the element 4 is in place), but does not contain this axis.

Ces ailettes 42 se prolongent vers l'intérieur, sous le disque 40, pour se raccorder à une partie 41 ; cette dernière consiste en une cloison s'étendant vers le bas sous le disque 40 et ayant une section transversale en "U" (voir figures 5 et 6).These fins 42 extend inwards, under the disc 40, to connect to a part 41; the latter consists of a partition extending downwards under the disc 40 and having a "U" cross section (see FIGS. 5 and 6).

La cloison a une hauteur correspondant à la distance qui sépare l'extrémité libre de la paroi tubulaire 2 du fond 310.The partition has a height corresponding to the distance which separates the free end of the tubular wall 2 from the bottom 310.

Dans sa partie centrale, la branche médiane de ce "U" présente une découpe 410 s'ouvrant vers le bas ; les branches latérales du "U" ont un bord libre qui présente une découpe 411 dirigée vers le bas.In its central part, the middle branch of this "U" has a cutout 410 opening downwards; the lateral branches of the "U" have a free edge which has a cut 411 directed downwards.

La face interne de la paroi de la demi-coquille inférieure 3 est munie de deux paires de saillies ou glissières 35 s'étendant verticalement, aptes à servir à l'emboîtement, par translation longitudinale du haut vers le bas des ailettes 42. Les glissières 35 sont échancrées en vis-à-vis des encoches 420, une échancrure étant référencée 350 à la figure 2.The internal face of the wall of the lower half-shell 3 is provided with two pairs of projections or slides 35 extending vertically, capable of being used for interlocking, by longitudinal translation from the top to the bottom of the fins 42. The slides 35 are notched opposite the notches 420, a notch being referenced 350 in FIG. 2.

Dans le fond 310 sont prévues des nervures 34 conformées de manière à délimiter une rainure en "U" servant à l'emboîtement de la cloison 41 lors de la mise en place de l'élément 4 dans la demi-coquille 3.In the bottom 310 are provided ribs 34 shaped so as to delimit a "U" groove serving to fit the partition 41 during the positioning of the element 4 in the half-shell 3.

Les saillies 34 sont échancrées en vis-à-vis de la découpe 410 de la cloison 41.The projections 34 are notched opposite the cutout 410 of the partition 41.

Le montage du réservoir se fait tout d'abord par mise en place de l'élément 4 dans la demi-coquille inférieure, puis par mise en place de la demi-coquille supérieure 1 sur la demi-coquille inférieure 3, le bord libre de la paroi 2 venant alors s'emboîter dans la partie discoïde 40 ; on fixe alors les demi-coquilles 1 et 3 l'une à l'autre par thermosoudage.The assembly of the reservoir is done first by placing the element 4 in the lower half-shell, then by placing the upper half-shell 1 on the lower half-shell 3, the free edge of the wall 2 then coming to fit into the discoid part 40; the half-shells 1 and 3 are then fixed to each other by heat sealing.

On obtient ainsi un réservoir à double enveloppe, comprenant un premier compartiment 5 délimité par la paroi cylindrique intérieure 2, par le fond supérieur 110, et par la partie discoïde 40, et un second compartiment 6 constitué par l'espace intérieur aux demi-coquilles 1 et 3 et extérieur à la partie 5 et au fond 40.A double-shelled tank is thus obtained, comprising a first compartment 5 delimited by the inner cylindrical wall 2, by the upper bottom 110, and by the discoid part 40, and a second compartment 6 constituted by the interior space with half-shells 1 and 3 and outside part 5 and bottom 40.

Il convient de remarquer que ce réservoir n'est constitué que de trois parties distinctes, en matière plastique moulée telle que le polypropylène dont le coût est relativement faible. La matière choisie est de préférence transparente ou translucide, de telle sorte qu'il est possible d'apercevoir le niveau de liquide à l'intérieur du réservoir sans ouverture du bouchon obturateur. Avantageusement, comme illustré à la figure 8, des graduations 100 sont prévues sur la paroi du réservoir, qui indiquent le volume de liquide contenu dans celui-ci.It should be noted that this reservoir consists only of three separate parts, of molded plastic such as polypropylene, the cost of which is relatively low. The material chosen is preferably transparent or translucent, so that it is possible to see the level of liquid inside the tank without opening the shutter cap. Advantageously, as illustrated in FIG. 8, graduations 100 are provided on the wall of the reservoir, which indicate the volume of liquid contained in it.

On remarquera également que le réservoir a la forme d'une boîte compacte, dont la forme générale cylindrique à extrémités convexes à l'avantage de bien résister aux contraintes de pression interne.It will also be noted that the reservoir has the form of a compact box, the general cylindrical shape of which has convex ends with the advantage of withstanding internal pressure constraints well.

Il s'agit d'une boîte standard pouvant s'adapter à des types de moteur très différents.It is a standard gearbox that can adapt to very different types of engine.

De manière usuelle, le réservoir est branché sur le circuit de refroidissement du moteur à combustion interne, entre la sortie culasse et/ou du radiateur et l'entrée du moteur.Usually, the tank is connected to the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine, between the cylinder head and / or radiator outlet and the engine inlet.

Les embouts d'entrée 25 et l'embout de sortie 32 sont de type normalisé, permettant leur branchement sur les tubulures du circuit.The inlet ends 25 and the outlet end 32 are of the standardized type, allowing their connection to the pipes of the circuit.

Il est prévu à l'intérieur du puits 21 des organes de détection appropriés, non représentés, tels que des électrodes par exemple, permettant de contrôler que le niveau du liquide contenu dans le réservoir reste compris entre des valeurs minimale et maximale prédéterminées ; si ce n'est pas le cas, ces organes de détection génèrent un signal avertissant l'usager, par exemple au moyen d'un voyant prévu sur le tableau de bord du véhicule.There are provided inside the well 21 suitable detection members, not shown, such as electrodes for example, making it possible to control that the level of the liquid contained in the reservoir remains between predetermined minimum and maximum values; if this is not the case, these detection devices generate a signal warning the user, for example by means of an indicator provided on the dashboard of the vehicle.

Le liquide de refroidissement est introduit dans le circuit par le goulot 12.The coolant is introduced into the circuit through the neck 12.

Le réservoir est placé en une zone haute du circuit, de manière à mettre celui-ci en charge (sous pression).The tank is placed in an upper zone of the circuit, so as to put it on load (under pressure).

Le niveau N du liquide de refroidissement, est visible à travers la paroi du réservoir.The level N of the coolant is visible through the wall of the tank.

Nous allons maintenant expliquer, en nous référant plus particulièrement aux figures 12 et 13, de quelle manière ce réservoir réalise le dégazage du liquide de refroidissement. Le bouchon obturateur, mis en place sur le goulot 12, est référencé BO et représenté en traits mixtes.We will now explain, with particular reference to Figures 12 and 13, how this tank performs degassing of the coolant. The obturator plug, placed on the neck 12, is referenced BO and shown in phantom.

Le liquide arrive dans le réservoir par les embouts 25, comme cela est symbolisé par les flèches A sur les figures 12 et 13.The liquid arrives in the reservoir through the nozzles 25, as is symbolized by the arrows A in FIGS. 12 and 13.

Ce liquide est chargé de gaz, et notamment d'air, qui ont été captés dans le circuit de refroidissement, notamment dans le moteur ou dans le radiateur. Il débouche tangentiellement en partie supérieure du compartiment 5, et est donc soumis à une centrifugation, qui le plaque contre la face interne 26 de la paroi cylindrique 3. L'intensité des forces centrifuges étant différente sur la phase liquide et sur la phase gazeuse, on obtient ainsi une séparation rapide des gaz, qui remontent dans le compartiment 5 pour être ensuite évacués à l'extérieur du réservoir par le bouchon obturateur BO et par l'orifice de trop-plein 120.This liquid is charged with gas, and in particular with air, which have been captured in the cooling circuit, in particular in the engine or in the radiator. It opens tangentially in the upper part of compartment 5, and is therefore subjected to centrifugation, which presses it against the internal face 26 of the cylindrical wall 3. The intensity of the centrifugal forces being different on the liquid phase and on the gas phase, a rapid separation of the gases is thus obtained, which go back up into the compartment 5 and are then evacuated outside the tank by the shutter plug BO and by the overflow orifice 120.

Le liquide suit une trajectoire approximativement hélicoïdale descendante symbolisée par la ligne B. Ce liquide retombe dans la masse de liquide L 1 contenue dans le compartiment 5. Il se trouve alors toujours en rotation, mais n'est plus collé à la paroi tubulaire 2. Cette rotation résiduelle, qui est symbolisée par la ligne C à la figure 12, permet aux bulles de gaz qui se trouvent encore au sein du liquide de remonter à la surface sous l'effet de la poussée d'Archimède.The liquid follows an approximately helical downward trajectory symbolized by the line B. This liquid falls back into the mass of liquid L 1 contained in the compartment 5. It is then still in rotation, but is no longer stuck to the tubular wall 2. This residual rotation, which is symbolized by the line C in the figure 12, allows the gas bubbles which are still in the liquid to rise to the surface under the effect of Archimedes' push.

D'après le principe des vases communicants, le liquide quitte alors le compartiment 5 en traversant les ouvertures 20, comme symbolisé par les flèches E, pour se retrouver à l'extérieur du tube 2, dans le second compartiment 6, rejoignant le liquide L 2 présent dans ce dernier.According to the principle of communicating vessels, the liquid then leaves compartment 5 through the openings 20, as symbolized by the arrows E , to end up outside the tube 2, in the second compartment 6, joining the liquid L 2 present in the latter.

Dans celui-ci, le liquide se trouve freiné par le cloisonnement en chicane constitué d'une part par les ailettes 42 disposées latéralement et par la cloison en "U" 41 disposée sous le fond 40.In the latter, the liquid is braked by the baffled partition consisting firstly of the fins 42 arranged laterally and by the "U" partition 41 disposed under the bottom 40.

Le liquide arrive néanmoins à passer, notamment à travers les encoches d'ailettes 420 (flèches F), à travers l'encoche 410 de la cloison basse 41 (flèche F') et en contournant les parois de la cloison inférieure 41 (flèches G). Il arrive ainsi dans l'espace intérieur de la cloison en "U" 41, où se trouve l'orifice 321 d'entrée de l'embout de sortie 32.The liquid nevertheless manages to pass, in particular through the notches of fins 420 (arrows F ), through the notch 410 of the lower partition 41 (arrow F ' ) and bypassing the walls of the lower partition 41 (arrows G ). He thus arrives in space inside of the U-shaped partition 41, where the inlet orifice 321 of the outlet nozzle 32 is located.

C'est donc un liquide non turbulent, pratiquement statique, qui quitte le réservoir par l'embout 32, comme symbolisé par la flèche E, pour la mise en charge du circuit.It is therefore a non-turbulent, practically static liquid, which leaves the reservoir via the nozzle 32, as symbolized by the arrow E , for the loading of the circuit.

Le rôle de l'orifice (ou des orifices) 200 est de permettre la libre comunication d'air entre les compartiments 5 et 6, qui est nécessaire pour obtenir l'équilibre des niveaux dans ces compartiments.The role of the orifice (orifices) 200 is to allow the free comunication of air between the compartments 5 and 6, which is necessary to obtain the balance of the levels in these compartments.

Il convient de noter que le puits de détection 21 est une zone du réservoir qui n'est pas soumise au flux général du liquide qui le traverse. Les deux orifices calibrés 22 et 23 réalisent un amortissement des variations du niveau de liquide qui évite des détections intempestives.It should be noted that the detection well 21 is an area of the reservoir which is not subjected to the general flow of the liquid which passes through it. The two calibrated orifices 22 and 23 provide damping for variations in the level of liquid which prevents untimely detections.

Le cloisonnement de tranquillisation, qui évite que le liquide quittant le réservoir par l'embout de mise en charge du circuit 32 ne soit dans un état de turbulence a également pour effet de limiter les mouvements du liquide en raison des accélérations qu'il subit lors du roulage du véhicule, ce qui évite ainsi un déjaugeage de l'orifice de mise en charge 320, et l'aspiration d'air par celui-ci.The tranquilization partitioning, which prevents the liquid leaving the reservoir via the charging tip of the circuit 32 from being in a state of turbulence also has the effect of limiting the movements of the liquid due to the accelerations which it undergoes during of the rolling of the vehicle, which thus avoids a planing of the loading orifice 320, and the aspiration of air by the latter.

On pourrait prévoir un seul embout d'alimentation 25, au lieu de deux, pour introduire le liquide à dégazer tangentiellement dans le compartiment 5.A single supply nozzle 25 could be provided, instead of two, for introducing the liquid to be degassed tangentially into the compartment 5.

Claims (14)

Réservoir d'expansion et de dégazage pour le liquide de refroidissement d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant deux compartiments communicants, dont l'un (5) - dit premier compartiment - a une paroi (2) dont la surface interne (26) est une surface de révolution d'axe vertical (ZZ') et est muni d'au moins un embout d'alimentation (25) disposé en partie haute et orienté selon une direction sensiblement tangentielle par rapport à ladite surface (26) de telle sorte que le liquide à dégazer entrant dans ce premier compartiment (5) est soumis à une centrifugation, caractérisé par le fait que l'autre compartiment (6) - dit second compartiment - est muni à sa partie basse d'un embout (32) de sortie du liquide dégazé et est pourvu d'un cloisonnement (41, 42) - dit de tranquillisation - apte à contrarier le mouvement giratoire du liquide, lesdits premier et second compartiments (5, 6) communiquant l'un avec l'autre par des ouvertures (20) situées à la partie basse du premier compartiment (5), et par lesquelles le liquide passe de ce dernier dans le second compartiment (6).Expansion and degassing tank for the coolant of an internal combustion engine, comprising two communicating compartments, one of which (5) - called first compartment - has a wall (2) whose internal surface (26) is a surface of revolution of vertical axis (ZZ ') and is provided with at least one supply nozzle (25) disposed in the upper part and oriented in a direction substantially tangential to said surface (26) so that the liquid to be degassed entering this first compartment (5) is subjected to centrifugation, characterized in that the other compartment (6) - called second compartment - is provided at its lower part with a nozzle (32) of outlet of the degassed liquid and is provided with a partitioning (41, 42) - called a tranquilization - able to counteract the gyratory movement of the liquid, said first and second compartments (5, 6) communicating with each other by openings (20) located in the lower part of the prem ier compartment (5), and through which the liquid passes from the latter into the second compartment (6). Réservoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la paroi dudit second compartiment (6) a une forme de révolution, coaxiale au premier (5) et entourant ce dernier.Tank according to claim 1, characterized in that the wall of said second compartment (6) has a shape of revolution, coaxial with the first (5) and surrounding the latter. Réservoir selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le premier compartiment (5) a une paroi tubulaire (2) de forme cylindrique, tandis que la paroi (1, 3) du second compartiment possède une partie principale (10-30) cylindrique et des portions d'extrémité (11-31) hémisphériques.Tank according to claim 2, characterized in that the first compartment (5) has a tubular wall (2) of cylindrical shape, while the wall (1, 3) of the second compartment has a main cylindrical part (10-30) and hemispherical end portions (11-31). Réservoir selon la revendication 3, caractérisé par le fait que la paroi (2) dudit premier compartiment (5) s'étend axialement et vers le bas jusqu'au voisinage du fond (310) du second compartiment (6).Tank according to claim 3, characterized in that the wall (2) of said first compartment (5) extends axially and downwards in the vicinity of the bottom (310) of the second compartment (6). Réservoir selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que la paroi dudit second compartiment (6) est formée de deux demi-coquilles ayant une forme de révolution (1, 3), en matière plastique moulée, fixées l'une à l'autre en position tête-bêche, la paroi cylindrique (2) du premier compartiment formant partie intégrante de l'une (1) d'entre elles.Tank according to claim 4, characterized in that the wall of said second compartment (6) is formed by two half-shells having a shape of revolution (1, 3), of molded plastic, fixed to one another in head to tail position, the cylindrical wall (2) of the first compartment forming an integral part of one (1) of them. Réservoir selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que la paroi (2) dudit premier compartiment forme partie intégrante de la demi-coquille supérieure (1), à laquelle elle se raccorde, de manière étanche, en partie haute, au niveau de son fond (110).Tank according to claim 5, characterized in that the wall (2) of said first compartment forms an integral part of the upper half-shell (1), to which it is connected, in a sealed manner, in the upper part, at its level. bottom (110). Réservoir selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que ladite demi-coquille supérieure est munie à sa partie haute d'un orifice de remplissage (12) et d'au moins un embout d'alimentation (25), tous deux débouchant dans le premier compartiment (5).Tank according to claim 6, characterized in that said upper half-shell is provided at its upper part with a filling orifice (12) and at least one supply nozzle (25), both opening into the first compartment (5). Réservoir selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que ladite demi-coquille inférieure (3) est munie, au niveau de son fond (310), dudit embout de sortie (32), ce dernier ayant une forme générale cylindrique de même axe que l'axe de révolution (ZZ') des demi-coquilles.Tank according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that said lower half-shell (3) is provided, at its bottom (310), with said outlet nozzle (32), the latter having a general shape cylindrical with the same axis as the axis of revolution (ZZ ') of the half-shells. Réservoir selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que ledit cloisonnement de tranquillisation est solidaire d'une pièce discoïde (40) s'adaptant à l'extrémité basse de la paroi tubulaire (2) du premier compartiment (5) pour en constituer le fond, lesdites ouvertures (20) qui font communiquer les deux compartiments (5, 6) consistant en des encoches formées à ce niveau dans la paroi (2).Tank according to one of Claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the said tranquilization partition is integral with a discoid piece (40) adapting to the lower end of the tubular wall (2) of the first compartment (5 ) to form the bottom, said openings (20) which communicate the two compartments (5, 6) consisting of notches formed at this level in the wall (2). Réservoir selon la revendication 9, caractérisé par le fait que ledit cloisonnement de tranquillisation comprend des ailettes à encoche (42) qui s'étendent verticalement dans la partie inférieure du réservoir, dans l'espace annulaire séparant la paroi tubulaire (2) du premier compartiment de la paroi de le demi-coquille inférieure (3).Tank according to Claim 9, characterized in that the said tranquilization partition comprises notched fins (42) which extend vertically in the lower part of the tank, in the annular space separating the tubular wall (2) from the first compartment from the wall of the lower half-shell (3). Réservoir selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé par le fait que ledit cloisonnement de tranquillisation comprend une cloison (41) de section en "U", à flancs verticaux, qui est situé en-dessous de ladite pièce discoïde (40) et vient en appui contre le fond (310) de la demi-coquille inférieure (3), les flancs de cette cloison (41) entourant l'orifice d'entrée de l'embout de sortie (32).Tank according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that said tranquilization partition comprises a partition (41) of "U" section, with vertical sides, which is located below said discoid piece (40) and comes in pressing against the bottom (310) of the lower half-shell (3), the sides of this partition (41) surrounding the inlet orifice of the outlet nozzle (32). Réservoir selon l'une des revendications 2 à 11, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un puits de détection de niveau (21), solidaire de la paroi (2) du premier compartiment et disposé à l'extérieur de ce dernier, dans la moitie inférieure du réservoir.Tank according to one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that it comprises a level detection well (21), integral with the wall (2) of the first compartment and disposed outside of the latter, in the bottom half of the tank. Réservoir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est réalisé en polypropylène moulé translucide et qu'il comporte sur sa paroi extérieure une graduation (100) de lecture de niveau de liquide.Tank according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that it is made of translucent molded polypropylene and that it has on its outer wall a scale (100) for reading the liquid level. Réservoir selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé par le fait que lesdits compartiments (5, 6) communiquent à leur partie haute par un ou plusieurs orifices (200) assurant l'équilibre des niveaux dans les deux compartiments.Tank according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that said compartments (5, 6) communicate at their upper part by one or more orifices (200) ensuring the balance of the levels in the two compartments.
EP19960460006 1995-02-07 1996-02-05 Expansion and de-aeration tank for a cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0726386B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9501605A FR2730272B1 (en) 1995-02-07 1995-02-07 EXPANSION AND DEGASSING TANK FOR COOLING CIRCUIT OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
FR9501605 1995-02-07

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EP0726386A1 true EP0726386A1 (en) 1996-08-14
EP0726386B1 EP0726386B1 (en) 2001-11-21

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DE (1) DE69617066T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2167530T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2730272B1 (en)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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GB2360838A (en) * 2000-03-31 2001-10-03 Rover Group An expansion tank for an engine cooling system
FR2841187A1 (en) * 2002-06-21 2003-12-26 Cf Gomma Spa DEGASSING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
WO2004007924A1 (en) * 2002-07-12 2004-01-22 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Compensation reservoir for a cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine
FR2848621A1 (en) * 2002-12-11 2004-06-18 Mark Iv Systemes Moteurs Sa Degasification chamber for internal combustion engine, has envelope consisting of two semi-shells which is provided with walls portions extending from internal face of shells
GB2403163A (en) * 2003-06-23 2004-12-29 Ford Global Tech Llc Cooling system expansion tank.
FR2861133A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2005-04-22 Mark Iv Systemes Moteurs Sa Degassing tank for motor vehicle, has inner volume that is less than or equal to preset value and divided into two compartments of different volumes, where compartment having less volume is formed by partitioning structure
WO2008084099A3 (en) * 2007-01-11 2009-03-26 Bombardier Transp Gmbh Dearation system for a liquid cycle
GB2455743A (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-24 Ford Global Tech Llc Cooling system expansion tank
DE10227582B4 (en) * 2001-06-20 2009-12-10 Honda Giken Kogyo K.K. Engine cooling water duct structure for an engine cooling system
EP3611356A1 (en) * 2018-08-16 2020-02-19 Lg Electronics Inc. Cooling circuit of an engine for driving a heat pump compressor
EP3961006A1 (en) * 2020-08-28 2022-03-02 Hutchinson Device for separation by vortex effect for a fluid transfer circuit
WO2024003592A1 (en) * 2022-06-27 2024-01-04 Volvo Truck Corporation Degassing system for vehicle cooling system

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CH706212B1 (en) * 2012-03-08 2015-12-15 Schwanden Kunststoff Reservoirs for a cooling system of an internal combustion engine.
US11618343B2 (en) 2020-11-04 2023-04-04 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Deaeration devices for electrified vehicle thermal management systems
KR20220144156A (en) * 2021-04-19 2022-10-26 현대자동차주식회사 Integrated thermal management module for vehicle

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US5139082A (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-08-18 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Cooling system for a liquid cooled engine
EP0561673A1 (en) * 1992-03-16 1993-09-22 Automobiles Peugeot Coolant circuit for the heat exchanger associated with an automobile engine

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US5139082A (en) * 1990-08-31 1992-08-18 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Cooling system for a liquid cooled engine
EP0561673A1 (en) * 1992-03-16 1993-09-22 Automobiles Peugeot Coolant circuit for the heat exchanger associated with an automobile engine

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2360838B (en) * 2000-03-31 2004-04-07 Rover Group Cooling system expansion tank
GB2360838A (en) * 2000-03-31 2001-10-03 Rover Group An expansion tank for an engine cooling system
DE10227582B4 (en) * 2001-06-20 2009-12-10 Honda Giken Kogyo K.K. Engine cooling water duct structure for an engine cooling system
FR2841187A1 (en) * 2002-06-21 2003-12-26 Cf Gomma Spa DEGASSING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MOTOR VEHICLES
WO2004001204A1 (en) * 2002-06-21 2003-12-31 Cf Gomma S.P.A. Device and method for degassing on motor vehicles
CN100335760C (en) * 2002-06-21 2007-09-05 Cf戈玛公司 Device and method for degassing on motor vehicles
WO2004007924A1 (en) * 2002-07-12 2004-01-22 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Compensation reservoir for a cooling circuit of an internal combustion engine
FR2848621A1 (en) * 2002-12-11 2004-06-18 Mark Iv Systemes Moteurs Sa Degasification chamber for internal combustion engine, has envelope consisting of two semi-shells which is provided with walls portions extending from internal face of shells
GB2403163A (en) * 2003-06-23 2004-12-29 Ford Global Tech Llc Cooling system expansion tank.
GB2403163B (en) * 2003-06-23 2006-12-20 Ford Global Tech Llc Cooling system expansion tank
FR2861133A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2005-04-22 Mark Iv Systemes Moteurs Sa Degassing tank for motor vehicle, has inner volume that is less than or equal to preset value and divided into two compartments of different volumes, where compartment having less volume is formed by partitioning structure
WO2008084099A3 (en) * 2007-01-11 2009-03-26 Bombardier Transp Gmbh Dearation system for a liquid cycle
GB2455743A (en) * 2007-12-20 2009-06-24 Ford Global Tech Llc Cooling system expansion tank
GB2455743B (en) * 2007-12-20 2012-10-10 Ford Global Tech Llc Cooling system expansion tank
EP3611356A1 (en) * 2018-08-16 2020-02-19 Lg Electronics Inc. Cooling circuit of an engine for driving a heat pump compressor
EP3961006A1 (en) * 2020-08-28 2022-03-02 Hutchinson Device for separation by vortex effect for a fluid transfer circuit
FR3113698A1 (en) * 2020-08-28 2022-03-04 Hutchinson Device for separation by vortex effect for a fluid transfer circuit
US11691477B2 (en) 2020-08-28 2023-07-04 Hutchinson Vortex separation device for a fluid transfer circuit
WO2024003592A1 (en) * 2022-06-27 2024-01-04 Volvo Truck Corporation Degassing system for vehicle cooling system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2730272B1 (en) 1997-04-25
ES2167530T3 (en) 2002-05-16
DE69617066D1 (en) 2002-01-03
EP0726386B1 (en) 2001-11-21
DE69617066T2 (en) 2002-08-22
FR2730272A1 (en) 1996-08-09

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