EP0725899A1 - Kolbenverdichter für gasförmige medien - Google Patents
Kolbenverdichter für gasförmige medienInfo
- Publication number
- EP0725899A1 EP0725899A1 EP95929102A EP95929102A EP0725899A1 EP 0725899 A1 EP0725899 A1 EP 0725899A1 EP 95929102 A EP95929102 A EP 95929102A EP 95929102 A EP95929102 A EP 95929102A EP 0725899 A1 EP0725899 A1 EP 0725899A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- flywheel
- air
- crankcase
- medium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/12—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder heads; Fluid connections
- F04B39/128—Crankcases
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrically driven, dry-running piston compressor or piston compressor for gaseous media, preferably for air.
- a dry-running reciprocating compressor is known from DE 41 10 912 AI, in which the intake air is used for internal cooling of the engine of the working machine.
- the air to be compressed is drawn into the crankcase from the environment and used to cool the parts such as crankshaft bearings that are exposed to friction.
- air baffles and even cooling fins are arranged on pipes protruding into the crankcase, in which the joint between the connecting rod and the piston rod moves.
- crankcase a piston rod is mounted on one flywheel so that it can only move on one side, which is at the same time designed as a rotary slide element for metering, controlling and accelerating the sucked-in medium.
- the compressor can advantageously be of the type known from DE 36 16 968 A1, in which a connecting rod joint is dispensed with and in which the piston forms a piece with the piston rod. At the other end, the piston rod is articulated on the drive crank.
- the piston which tumbles as a result can be provided with sealing lips in a manner similar to DE 32 40 475 AI and, similar to DE 36 16 168 AI, has an inner flap valve.
- This type of compressor is used as a small compressor in the on-board Automotive tool used to be available in the event of a puncture over very short operating times. Continuous operation is not possible with these features alone. Only in combination with the features described here can the use of these known individual features, which enables continuous operation, be used.
- the flywheel is arranged so favorably in the crankcase that space can be saved, which leads to a small structural unit.
- the flywheel with its surface running transversely to the axis, acts as a rotary slide valve and thus ensures stroke-dependent metering of the medium.
- partial surfaces of the flywheel that run parallel to the axis serve as medium accelerators.
- the flywheel is connected to the piston in such a way that its idle stroke is used at least partially to convey cooling air which is directed past channels in the cylinder housing and past the electric motor and cools it.
- the necessary air supply and air discharge openings are controlled by an appropriately designed flywheel, to which the piston rod of the delivery piston is attached eccentrically.
- the corresponding air openings are opened and closed by rotating this flywheel.
- the shape of the flywheel and the arrangement of the openings must correspond to each other.
- One opening is for sucking in outside air, the other opening for removing the cooling air. It is a kind of slide valve.
- front surface sections can be used to accelerate the medium in the desired direction.
- the flywheel acts like a second pump in the compressor and moves only the one metered for cooling by the same component Proportion of intake. This significantly improves efficiency.
- the piston head also contains a valve, namely a check valve, through which the air to be compressed flows from the crankcase into the working space during the idle stroke.
- the piston moves upwards during the working stroke.
- the valve connected to it is closed. It compresses the air in the cylinder, which is released to the consumer via a further check valve. Outside air is drawn in through the opening opened by the flywheel.
- the piston moves down again during the idle stroke. As long as its valve is closed, it compresses the air below it, which is then passed for cooling purposes through the opening now opened by the flywheel and serves to cool the cylinder head and the electrical drive of the compressor, thereby preventing movement the flywheel is additionally accelerated.
- the valve acting from the flywheel like a rotary slide piston works, so to speak, in synchronism with the air inlet and outlet opening compared to the valve in the piston head.
- the valve in the piston head and the inlet valve are essentially closed, ie with a certain advance.
- the inlet opens, while initially the valve in the piston head is still closed during the downward stroke, only to open on the further piston travel.
- the amount of cooling air thus obtained depends on the pressure that the consumer opposes the compressor. At high counterpressure, the consumer hardly takes any air, which means that the compressor consumes a lot of power in order to work against this pressure, which leads to a greater heating of the compressor.
- the high back pressure also ensures that the piston valve remains closed for a long time and thus a lot of cooling air is conveyed.
- Fig. 3 shows a section along the line III-III of the figure
- Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the compressor piston.
- a compressor 10 consists of a cylindrical motor housing 12, which includes a direct current-operated electric motor in motor vehicles, to which the electrical energy is supplied via a cable 24.
- a crankcase 14 adjoins the engine housing 12 at right angles. The entire unit of the compressor 10 can be mounted on a mounting plate 22.
- a cylinder 16 connects to the crankcase 14 and is provided on the outside with cooling fins 18 and a casing 20.
- the crankcase is laterally provided with an air inlet opening 26 through which the air 70 to be delivered is sucked in.
- the used air to be conveyed is discharged via a discharge opening 28 at the upper end of the cylinder head 16.
- Another outlet opening 30 for a portion of cooling air is located at the upper free end of the motor housing 12.
- the cooling air escapes after cooling the inner parts, lastly the electric motor.
- the paths of the air flow are indicated by arrows, but are explained in more detail below.
- FIG. 2 shows a side section of the compressor 10.
- cooling air ducts for the introduction of cooling air which is symbolized by an arrow 80, can be seen into the motor housing 12. This air flows through the motor housing in the axial direction up to arrow 82 and then exits through opening 30.
- air channels 46 begin behind an opening 54.
- the cylinder and piston arrangement is clearer from FIG. 3.
- a flywheel 34 is seated on an axis 32 of the electric motor. This is eccentric by means of a ball bearing 50 a piston rod 36 is arranged.
- the flywheel 34 also serves as a rotary slide piston for metering, controlling and additionally accelerating the incoming and outgoing air. With a certain overrun, the air inlet 52 and air outlet opening 54 are alternately opened and closed in the crankcase 14.
- Various opening arrangements and corresponding flywheel configurations are possible for this. In the present example, an air inlet opening 52 under the air inlet 20 and an air outlet opening 54 are arranged directly opposite one another.
- the flywheel 34 used for control has an approximately semicircular flywheel segment 33 with an opposite projection 35 for the ball bearing 50.
- the openings 52, 54 are opened and closed almost simultaneously, with both openings 52, 54 being briefly opened, but never both openings 52, 54 being closed at the same time, which would lead to an undesirable pressure build-up below the piston.
- the openings 52 and 54 are opened and closed somewhat lagging the upper and lower reversal points of a piston 58.
- the extension 35 of the flywheel 34 to which the piston rod 36 is fastened therefore has an angle of approximately 15 ° to the vertical with respect to the semicircular flywheel segment 33. This lagging of the control system has proven to be advantageous due to the inertia of the air.
- the flywheel 34 has the semicircular shape shown in the drawing and also serves as a mass balance for the piston 58 driven by it with piston rod 36 and as a rotary slide control for metering and controlling the incoming and outgoing air.
- the end faces of the flywheel segments ie the surfaces 33 running in the axial direction and lying at the front and rear in the direction of rotation, develop an additional suction or pressure effect on the crank Housing 14 located air.
- a check valve which consists of a valve bearing surface 61 provided with openings 59, onto which a valve plate 62 is pressed by means of a valve spring 66.
- FIG. 3 shows a position of the piston in the left end position.
- the piston In the opposite position, the piston is at its lower reversal point. From there, the piston 58 moves upward. The air in the cylinder space 38 above the piston 58 is compressed. The air pressure pushes the valve plate 62 upward against the pressure of the valve spring 66, the valve 61, 59, 62 is thus opened. The air pressed up by the piston 58 flows through the openings 59 of the valve plate 62 into a cylinder head cavity 68 and from there via the air outlet opening 28 to the consumer. This movement of the piston 58 from bottom to top is the working stroke of the compressor.
- the flywheel 34 designed as a rotary slide valve has opened the air inlet opening 52 and at the same time closed the air outlet opening 54, ie that outside air is drawn in via the air inlet opening 26 and the air inlet opening 52 (indicated by arrows 70, 72). If the piston 58 moves downwards again from its upper position, a constantly increasing vacuum is created in the space above the piston.
- the check valve 61, 59, 62 closes so that no air is drawn in by the consumer through the opening 28 can.
- the function of this piston 58 with valve is essential for the present invention and is described in more detail with reference to FIG. 4.
- the piston 58 consists of a head carrier 84 which is fixedly connected to the piston rod 36 by means of a screw 88.
- An upper insert 86 has at its bottom a ring of openings 92 through which air can pass when the piston 58 moves downward in the open state.
- a Teflon piston ring 90 surrounds the insert 92 with play. The piston ring 90 is at its lower stop during the working stroke of the piston 58. The valve is then closed. No air can pass through the piston head. This is the case when the piston moves upwards. If the piston ring 90 is at its upper stop, the valve is opened. Air can pass through the piston head. When piston 58 moves downward, the valve in the piston head opens as soon as the pressure below the piston head becomes greater than the pressure above the piston head. The time at which the piston head valve opens depends on the pressure that the consumer brings to the compressor.
- the air flow is deflected according to arrows 76 and passes through a channel 48 to the other side of the crankcase 14.
- the air leaves the crankcase through an opening 56.
- valve in the piston head opens again due to a drop in pressure over the piston 58, no further air is conveyed for cooling purposes when the piston 58 is moved further downward, but air is sucked into the working chamber 68. If the consumer opposes the piston 58 with a high pressure, the compressor consumes a lot of power in order to work against this pressure. At the same time, however, the amount of air conveyed for cooling purposes also increases, since the high pressure on the piston 58 causes this Piston head valve remains closed for a long time and so a large part of the idle stroke can be used to convey air which is directed through opening 54 for cooling purposes through the cylinder housing and past the electric motor.
- the compressor also consumes only a little power. There is no need for such a high cooling capacity, which is also not made available, since the piston head valve quickly opens again during the downward movement due to the low pressure on the piston 58 from above and thus only a small part of the idle stroke for conveying cooling air can be used.
- the outer surface of the piston has a very short cylindrical section with the diameter of the cylinder only at the upper edge and then tapers downward with an idle angle of approximately 5 ° to the outer surface of the cylinder.
- This obliquely tapering shape of the outer edge of the Teflon ring 90 ensures a clean seal even when the piston 58 is tilted. This eliminates the need for additional support for the piston 58. It can be firmly connected to the piston rod 36.
- the piston should run without lubricant in a cylinder made of anodized aluminum or a similar metal alloy.
- Teflon is preferably chosen as the material for the running surfaces of the piston.
- the piston casing made of Teflon has an annular groove on its top near the side wall.
- a metal ring 94 for example made of steel or aluminum, is attached, which is secured at the top by a pressed-in coil spring 96.
- the Teflon ring 90 also has a radially inward offset, a further, undercut 98 which is open at the bottom and runs in an annular manner. This undercut allows the inner part of the Teflon head to expand or contract as desired via the temperature without the diameter of the metal ring 94 being influenced from the inside by pressure or tension.
- the outer diameter of the Teflon piston head changes with the coefficient of expansion of the metal of which the cylinder is made when the metal ring 94 is made of the same metal. This ensures a constant fit between the Teflon piston head and the metal cylinder over the temperature and thus a corresponding tightness.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
- Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4429098A DE4429098A1 (de) | 1994-08-17 | 1994-08-17 | Kolbenverdichter für gasförmige Medien |
DE4429098 | 1994-08-17 | ||
PCT/EP1995/003194 WO1996005431A1 (de) | 1994-08-17 | 1995-08-11 | Kolbenverdichter für gasförmige medien |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0725899A1 true EP0725899A1 (de) | 1996-08-14 |
EP0725899B1 EP0725899B1 (de) | 1998-02-25 |
Family
ID=6525864
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95929102A Expired - Lifetime EP0725899B1 (de) | 1994-08-17 | 1995-08-11 | Kolbenverdichter für gasförmige medien |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0725899B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE163462T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4429098A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2112653T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1996005431A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19726943C2 (de) * | 1997-06-25 | 2000-03-23 | Bitzer Kuehlmaschinenbau Gmbh | Kältemittelkompressor |
DE10047087A1 (de) * | 2000-09-22 | 2002-04-11 | Boge Kompressoren | Kolbenkompressor |
DE10057383B4 (de) * | 2000-11-18 | 2005-10-06 | Continental Aktiengesellschaft | Mehrstufiger Kolbenverdichter und Verfahren zur Kühlung eines elektrischen Motors für einen mehrstufigen Kolbenverdichter |
DE10058923A1 (de) * | 2000-11-28 | 2002-06-13 | Knorr Bremse Systeme | Anordnung eines trockenlaufenden Kompressors an einem Fahrzeug |
JP5381891B2 (ja) * | 2010-05-11 | 2014-01-08 | マックス株式会社 | ロッキングピストンのシール構造 |
CN111188750A (zh) | 2020-02-21 | 2020-05-22 | 广州市安途电器有限公司 | 一种汽车充气泵 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE487669C (de) * | 1926-12-25 | 1929-12-11 | Westinghouse Brake & Signal | Kolbenkompressor |
DE949250C (de) * | 1949-05-28 | 1956-11-08 | Tecalemit Ges M B H Deutsche | Luftgekuehlter Kompressor |
FR1463769A (fr) * | 1963-05-29 | 1966-07-22 | Compresseur à piston et ses procédé et dispositif de refroidissement et ses dispositifs de montage | |
DE2915848A1 (de) * | 1979-04-19 | 1980-11-06 | Helmut Thurner | Verdichter- und sauggeraet und kolben fuer dieses geraet |
JPS58131469A (ja) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-08-05 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | シ−ル装置 |
DE3616968A1 (de) * | 1986-05-20 | 1987-11-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Taumelkolben-kompressor |
FR2637653B1 (fr) * | 1988-10-11 | 1994-04-08 | Barlier Claude | Ensemble de compression dite inverse |
DE4110912A1 (de) * | 1990-04-18 | 1991-10-24 | Bauer Kompressoren | Trockenlaufender hubkolben-kompressor |
-
1994
- 1994-08-17 DE DE4429098A patent/DE4429098A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-08-11 ES ES95929102T patent/ES2112653T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-11 AT AT95929102T patent/ATE163462T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-08-11 EP EP95929102A patent/EP0725899B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-11 DE DE59501497T patent/DE59501497D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-11 WO PCT/EP1995/003194 patent/WO1996005431A1/de active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9605431A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59501497D1 (de) | 1998-04-02 |
WO1996005431A1 (de) | 1996-02-22 |
ATE163462T1 (de) | 1998-03-15 |
ES2112653T3 (es) | 1998-04-01 |
EP0725899B1 (de) | 1998-02-25 |
DE4429098A1 (de) | 1996-02-22 |
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