EP0717714B1 - Method and apparatus for producing individual rolls of packing material - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for producing individual rolls of packing material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0717714B1
EP0717714B1 EP94928574A EP94928574A EP0717714B1 EP 0717714 B1 EP0717714 B1 EP 0717714B1 EP 94928574 A EP94928574 A EP 94928574A EP 94928574 A EP94928574 A EP 94928574A EP 0717714 B1 EP0717714 B1 EP 0717714B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
expanded
sheet
slits
paper
rolls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94928574A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0717714A1 (en
Inventor
David P. Goodrich
Michael C. Hurwitz
Roger E. Jester
James P. Devine
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
liberopax LLC
Original Assignee
Geopax Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/119,472 external-priority patent/US5538778A/en
Application filed by Geopax Ltd filed Critical Geopax Ltd
Priority to EP99115817A priority Critical patent/EP0978372B1/en
Publication of EP0717714A1 publication Critical patent/EP0717714A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0717714B1 publication Critical patent/EP0717714B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D5/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles
    • B31D5/0039—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
    • B31D5/006—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including controlled deformation of flat material, e.g. pleating, corrugating or embossing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/02—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage
    • B65D81/03—Wrappers or envelopes with shock-absorbing properties, e.g. bubble films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
    • B21D31/04—Expanding other than provided for in groups B21D1/00 - B21D28/00, e.g. for making expanded metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31C—MAKING WOUND ARTICLES, e.g. WOUND TUBES, OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31C5/00—Making tubes or pipes without using mandrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D5/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D5/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles
    • B31D5/0039—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
    • B31D5/0065—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles ; Making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including slitting and expanding flat material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
    • B65D81/02—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage
    • B65D81/05—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents
    • B65D81/09—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents specially adapted to protect contents from mechanical damage maintaining contents at spaced relation from package walls, or from other contents using flowable discrete elements of shock-absorbing material, e.g. pellets or popcorn
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D2205/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles
    • B31D2205/0005—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
    • B31D2205/0011—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including particular additional operations
    • B31D2205/0047—Feeding, guiding or shaping the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31D—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B31B OR B31C
    • B31D2205/00—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles
    • B31D2205/0005—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads
    • B31D2205/0011—Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles for making dunnage or cushion pads including particular additional operations
    • B31D2205/007—Delivering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to the methods and apparatus to manually or automatically expand a slit paper type of packaging material and to apparatus for forming the expanded slit paper into spiral cylinders of cushioning materials to be used in packaging.
  • U.S. -A- 5,207,756 shows apparatus for making an expanded metal mesh for use in firefighting and the like. It discloses expanding the mesh by passing it through two sets of rollers, with the second rotating at a faster speed than the first. From the expanded metal mesh ellipsoid forms are produced.
  • the apparatus is said also to be useful in the packaging industry in that it can be used for producing a net or honeycomb form of cardboard or strong Kraft paper.
  • the mesh is despatched in rolls in unexpanded form, for compactness
  • U.S. -A- 3,431,613 shows a machine for slitting and expansion of sheet material, where the sheet stock is expanded by being passed over a roller going at a faster speed than the slitting rollers. The expanded sheet material is brought into the form of rolls for further use.
  • U.S. -A- 1,205,299 shows a machine for slitting and expanding metal.
  • the machine drives all of its feed rollers for expanded metal at equal speed, but has gripping projections which progressively and successively engage the expanded metal.
  • the instant disclosure relates to the method and equipment for the expansion of an expandable material, preferably slit, recycled paper, as a packing material and to the use of the expanded material as a void fill in packing.
  • the paper once expanded, creates semi-rigid peaks or lands. These peaks are similar to a spring in that once force is applied and removed, they return to their original positioning, providing the elastic limit is not exceeded.
  • the elastic force created by the resistance of the paper fibers slows the acceleration of the force.
  • the work performed by movement of the semi-rigid peaks, as a force is applied by an article, is the elastic potential energy of the expanded material.
  • the yield point is the point beyond stress when a large increase in strain occurs with almost no increase in stress.
  • Expanded paper in widths of 13mm [1/2 inch] increments from 13mm to 152mm [1/2 inch to 6 inches] and unrolled, unexpanded paper lengths varying from 76mm to 610mm [3 to 24 inches] was tested as a void fill. The material was found to retract to some degree if not bound at the ends, or wrapped around an article, making optimum expansion difficult to achieve.
  • the slit pattern can be varied with optimum results being obtained with patterns which form hexagonal cells. With the identical paper, load bearing capacity is dramatically increased with the hexagonal pattern, as compared with a diamond cell yielding slit pattern.
  • the tension on the expanded paper can be maintained without the use of adhesives or the like since the cells "interlock", thus preventing unwinding of the completed cylinders.
  • the sheet material decreases in width during the expansion step and the dimensions of the cylinder are in terms of final dimension of the finished cylinder. Cylinders less than 25mm [1 inch] in length have a tendency to unravel, due to insufficient interlocking of cells, with the problem increasing with decreasing length. Cylinders under 25mm [1 inch] in diameter offer insufficient cushioning effect for general applications.
  • Expanded paper cylinders were attached to hand-made cardboard cores and wound around the cores. Cylinders ranging in size from about 25mm x 25mm [1 x 1 inch] to 150mm x 150mm [6 x 6 inches] were tested. All sizes worked, with the 50mm x 50mm [2 x 2 inch] size being most effective. The solid core presented a rigid surface and lacked cushioning for side impact.
  • Coreless cylinders were formed using hand powered winders.
  • the coreless cylinders were better at absorbing impact at the sides and edges of the cylinders, than the rigid core centered cylinders.
  • the number of square meters [square feet] of sheet material required to produce cubic meters [cubic foot] of coreless cylinders was higher than optimally desired, from a cost standpoint.
  • the coreless cylinders was higher than optimally desired, from a cost standpoint.
  • the coreless cylinders provided highly effective cushioning characteristics.
  • cylinders were produced with a hollow core and characterized by a 3.72 square meter [40 square feet] of unexpanded sheet material to 0.028 m 3 (1 cubic foot) of cylinder.
  • the hollow core cylinders provided excellent impact and vibration protection.
  • the hollow center spiral wound expanded paper provided a greater degree of soft cushioning than was provided by the tightly wound coreless cylinders of expanded paper.
  • the cylinder of expanded paper with a hollow core center provided an excellent compromise between excessive use of raw material in the tightly wound cores and lack of side impact protection and added expense associated with the production of expanded paper cylinders with a rigid core.
  • the slit paper is expanded and rolled into a cylindrical spiral, having a predetermined diameter and length based on end use.
  • the paper forms raised cells which, when rolled, interlock with cells in adjacent layers as the paper spirals outward.
  • the interlocking of the cells eliminates the need to secure the cylinders, thereby making them immediately ready for use.
  • the spiral cylinder 40 of Figure 1 is a conceptual illustration of an end view, showing the concept of the interlocking cells raised from the land, however for clarity, rectangles are used to depict the cells formed by the row spacing 44 and the slit spacing 42.
  • Detailed description and illustration of the expanded and unexpanded paper are disclosed in PCT/US/93/02369 published 30 September 1993.
  • FIG 2 a portion of the spiral cylinder 10 is illustrated which more accurately depicts the formation of the cells.
  • the actual cells cannot be seen in the side view of Figure 2, however the material forming the cells is depicted.
  • the row spacing 38a and 38b and the slit spacing 36 are warped, thereby forming the peaks and valleys which interlock with one another.
  • the self-locked cylinder provides maximum protection of an article by absorbing the energy created by the impact.
  • the absorbency is achieved by placing the layers in a position to force interaction between the cells.
  • the positioning of the paper in a spiral prevents the paper from turning back on itself or twisting, which lessens the cushioning effect from the cell interaction.
  • the spiral configuration is not only the most economical and easy to produce, it is structurally the most effective.
  • the force applied to the cylindrical elastic body compresses in toward the center, with each interior layer creating an elastic force to return to its original position.
  • the interaction of the cells additionally distributes the impact force through the entire cylinder, thereby providing increased protection of edge or corners of the object being shipped. This is unlike the commonly used styrofoam peanuts which act independently.
  • the peanuts With the styrofoam peanuts, if the corner of an item receives the main force of impact, the peanuts separate, thereby allowing the item to slide within the box.
  • the interlocking of the cells of the cylinders not only interlocks each individual cylinder but locks the cylinders to one another, preventing slippage of the item within the box.
  • the spiral cylinder 10 can be varied in size dependent upon the intended use.
  • the preferable size is approximately 50mm [2 inches] in length and 38mm [1 1/2 - 2 inches] in diameter.
  • the hollow core cylinders provide good packaging protection from all angles of impact and utilize the square footage within the core most efficiently. Desired results are obtained with paper weight of 31.5Kg [70 pound] per 279 m 2 [3000 square feet] of recycled Kraft, 100% post consumer recycled paper, and 81mm x 406mm [3.2 inches by 16 inches] (3.72 m 2 [52 square inches] of expanded slit paper) produces one hollow core cylinder.
  • FIG 3 is a side elevation of an apparatus for spiraling expanded sheet material into cylinders for use as void fill material.
  • expanded sheet material 800 is fed between the upper moving belt 802 and the lower moving belt 804.
  • the upper moving belt 802 is driven and carried by the upper belt drive roll 806 in the counter clockwise direction, as indicated by directional arrow 801.
  • the lower belt drive roll 808 carries and powers the lower moving belt 804 in the clock wise direction, as indicated by directional arrow 803.
  • the upper belt 803 is tensioned between the drive roll 806 and the cooperative roll 805.
  • the tension plate 810 is biased against the belt 802 by the tension springs 814.
  • the lower belt 804 is tensioned between the drive roll 808 and the cooperative roll 809.
  • the tension plate 812 is biased against the belt 804 by the tension springs 816.
  • the lower belt 804 rotates opposite the upper belt, thereby driving the forming cylinder 820 in the direction indicated by directional arrows 819.
  • the upper belt 802 is rotated at seven times the speed of the lower belt 804, thereby causing the leading edge 824 of the expanded sheet 800 to drag and curl under.
  • the curling effect is continued forming partly formed cylinder 820.
  • the curling or spiraling effect continues until a fully formed cylinder 822 is produced and delivered to a receiving region, not shown.
  • FIGS 4 and 5 illustrate the expansion machine 700 which rapidly produces optimum expansion of the slit paper 750.
  • the paper is fed from a storage roll, not shown, to the upper and lower drive rollers 706 and 708, where it is placed between the rollers 706 and 708.
  • the paper storage roll can be placed at any point along a 100° arc from the drive rollers 706 and 708, using the point directly perpendicular from the drive rollers 706 and 708 as the 0° point.
  • Both the upper drive roller 706 and the lower drive roller 708 are covered with a friction material, such as shrink tubular material made of a heat shrinkable polymer, as for example polyvinyl chloride.
  • a rubber spray or painted coating can be used.
  • vinyl tape covered rollers and rubber rollers can be used. Abrasive coatings tended to produce some scratching of the paper and formation of dust due to the action of the abrasive material on the paper.
  • the tension between the drive rollers and the expansion rollers must be sufficient to open, or expand the slit paper, but not sufficient to tear the paper.
  • paper weighing 13.5Kg per 279 m 2 [30 pound paper] 2.8 Kg/meter, [2.5 oz. of force per linear inch]
  • paper weighing 31.5 lb per 279m 2 [70 pound paper] 5.6Kg per linear meter [5 oz. per linear inch] of force can be applied.
  • the expansion should be sufficient to not only expand the paper, but also to crack some of the fibers, thereby decreasing the tendency of the paper to return to its unexpanded form.
  • the lower drive roller 708 is driven by the motor 726 through the rotation of the motor gear 716 and drive gear 714.
  • the rotation created by the motor 726 is transmitted along motor shaft 724 to the motor gear 716 where it drives the drive belt 718, which in turn rotates the drive gear 714.
  • the motor gear 720 also connected to the motor shaft 724, drives the expansion belt 722, which in turn rotates the expansion gear 710. Due to the spacing of the motor gear 716 and the motor gear 720 along the motor shaft 724, an expansion shaft 712 is generally provided between the expansion gear 710 and the upper expansion roller 702 and lower expansion roller 704.
  • the drive gear 714 is provided with 20 teeth as compared to the expansion gear 710 which has 14 teeth.
  • the difference in the number of teeth changes the rotation speed of the upper expansion roller 702 and lower expansion roller 704 as compared to the upper drive roller 706 and lower drive roller 708, allowing the motor shaft 724 to rotate at a single speed.
  • the differential can be obtained by a number of methods known in the prior art and the foregoing is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
  • the speed differential between the upper and lower expansion rollers 702 and 704 and the upper and lower drive rollers 706 and 708 is critical as it provides the expansion of the slit paper 750.
  • the slit paper 750 is being removed from the expansion machine 700 faster than it is entering, thereby forcing the slit paper 750 to expand.
  • the speed differential between the expansion rollers 702 and 704 and the drive rollers 706 and 708 must be calculated to provide the required amount of expansion based on the weight of paper and end use.
  • the expansion gear 710 and drive gear 714 can be changed to provide a increase or decrease in the speed differential.
  • Other methods of changing the speed differential can be obtained and are known in the prior art.
  • the spacing of the expansion rollers a distance of about 150mm [6 inches] from the drive rollers produced some binding in the middle of the paper, apparently due to the contraction of the paper which coincides with the expansion of the paper in thickness and length.
  • a space between the expansion and drive rollers of about 292mm [11.25 inches] worked well for 494mm [19.5 inch] rolled paper. With 76mm [3 inch] wide paper, a minimum of 102mm [4 inches] of separation between the roller sets worked.
  • the distance between the drive rollers and the expansion rollers varies proportionally with the width of the unexpanded paper.
  • the expansion device can be used to produce expanded product directly for the use, known per se, as a wrapping material.
  • the automated roll dispenser provides for immediate use of the expanded paper minimizing space requirements while yielding maximum packaging usage by allowing the user to pull tightly during the wrapping process by stopping or braking when needed.
  • the foot pedal is released and the automated expander brakes for final pulling and tearing. This leaves the process of maximum stretch intact for greatest packaging protection.
  • An electronic unit can be employed to deliver measured quantities of expanded paper. Braking at the end of the delivery provides for the user to tear the desired length of paper from the roll of paper. Alternatively, a cutting blade can be used to sever the delivered quantity of paper from the remainder of the roll.
  • the upper expansion roller 702 and the lower expansion roller 704 are covered with a material which provides the effect of fingers.
  • the covering must grip the unopened slit paper 750, without ripping the paper, and pull it open through use of the differential speed between the expansion rollers 702 and 704 and the driver rollers 706 and 708.
  • the use of soft rubber covered rollers works to produce even expansion over the width of the paper. However, deformation of the paper can be experienced, in the form of crushed cells. That is, at the point of contact with the pair of expansion rollers, the expanded cells can be crushed by the rollers.
  • the use of open cell and light foam can work to provide the required expansion. However, low density, open cell foam has a life span which is shorter than optimally desired.
  • Bristles can be made of metal wire, such as carbon steel, stainless steel, brass, bronze and a variety of bristle dimensions are commercially available.
  • the preferred material is a nylon hook fiber of the type found in hook and loop fasteners of the type sold under the trademark VELCRO.
  • the use of a set of rollers faced with hook ended fibers provided the required expansion without distortion of the expanded paper or deterioration of the rollers. Unlike relatively firm foam covered rollers, the hook fibers did not crush the expanded cells as they passed between the expansion rollers. It should be understood that the role of the expansion rollers is critical in that they must be able to grip and pull the paper so as to impart a speed of travel to the paper which is greater than the speed of the paper when it passes through the drive rollers. This requirement is in conflict with the need to permit the expanded paper to pass between the rollers without the expanded cells being crushed.
  • the multi roll expander 600 operates on the same basis as the expansion device 700.
  • the expander 600 is provided with a paper support unit 630 which is provided with at least one retaining area 638 to receive the paper roll 634.
  • the retaining area 638 is a notched portion which receives a bar 636 which is placed through the core of the paper roll 634.
  • the expander 600 holds two rolls of paper 632 and 634 in retaining areas 638 and 640, however additional rolls can be added.
  • the paper 642 from roll 632 is fed into the bottom roller set 620 and the paper 644 from roll 634 is fed into the top roller set 610.
  • the top roller set 610 and bottom roller set 620 are each designed as described in Figures 4 and 5.
  • FIG. 7 One embodiment of a manual expander system 1110 is shown in Figure 7.
  • the manual expander system 1110 is provided with rollers to expand the sheet material 1112.
  • expansion is achieved by passing the sheet material between a guide roller 1124 and a secondary roller 1126.
  • a pawl (not shown) engages the teeth of the wheel 1134, preventing counter-clockwise rotation. Any other convenient rotation direction limiting mechanism can be used.
  • the guide roller 1124 is prevented from freely turning by means of a friction bearing, such as illustrated in Figure 9.
  • the sheet material 1112 is held firmly against the guide roller 1124 by the secondary roller 1126, as shown in Figure 8.
  • the secondary roller 1126 controls, or restricts, the speed of movement of the sheet material 1112 through the drag of the guide roller 1124. Where the speed of rotation of the supply roll 1120 is controlled, the guide roller 1124 can be free rolling.
  • the sheet material 1112 As the sheet material 1112 is pulled manually from the supply roll 1120 it is expanded as it passes between the guide roller 1124 and secondary roller 1126. When the desired length of material has been withdrawn it is torn from the remainder of the sheet material 1112. The tearing action is greatly facilitated by drawing the expanded sheer against a tear bar 1132.
  • the tear bar 1132 can be a threaded rod or other rough surfaced member, such as the jagged member 1115, illustrated in Figure 8.
  • the expanded sheet material has an irregular surface which engages the surface of the tear bar 1132, and provides for the controlled tearing of the sheet material.
  • the manual expander system 1110 can be mounted on a table or floor, or suspended from an overhead support, for downward dispensing of expanded paper, as illustrated in Figure 9.
  • the supply roll 1120, or rolls, can be offset from the final direction travel of the paper within a 300° arc, with the axle 1114 of the supply roll 1120 parallel to the axis of the guide roller 1124 and secondary roller 1126.
  • the sheet material 1112 can be provided by multiple rolls, or a multi-ply roll, with the limitation being the strength of the operator to draw paper against the required tension resistance.
  • the manual expander system is configured as for a floor or table set up.
  • the sheet material 1112 leaves the supply roll 1120 and is fed between the secondary roller 1126 and the guide roller 1124.
  • the sheet material 1112 passes along to the retaining bar 1140 where it is dispensed, expanded, until a sufficient length is achieved.
  • the spring loaded retaining bar 1140 prevents the paper 1112 from pulling toward the guide and secondary rollers 1124 and 1126 due any clockwise motion of the supply roll 1120.
  • the guide roller 1124 is friction tensioned by means of the mechanism of Figure 11.
  • a friction plate 1152 is mounted adjacent the guide roller 1124 and attached to the wall 1156.
  • the guide roller 1124 is mounted on a shaft 1150 which is passed through the friction plate 1152 and the wall 1156 of the carrier for the manual expander system 1110. At least the end of the shaft 1150 is threaded to receive a wing nut 1158.
  • the shaft 1150 passes through the wall 1156 and receives a spring 1154, which is secured onto the shaft 1150 with the wing nut 1158.
  • the spring 1154 must have a diameter less than that of the wing nut 1158 to maintain the spring 1154 in place.
  • the wing nut 1158 when tightened, applies a selected amount of pressure to the spring 1154, thereby pulling the roller 1124 against the friction pad 1152.
  • the pressure can be easily regulated to maintain the desired amount of turning resistance.
  • the force applied to the paper must be within a relatively controlled range. The use of too much force will tear the paper rather than produce controlled expansion, and too little pressure will unwind the paper without expansion.
  • the preferable expansion force is in the range from about 3.3Kg per linear meter [3 oz.] to about 8.3Kg per linear meter [7.5 oz.] and preferably about 5.5Kg per linear meter [5 oz. per linear inch] of paper width.
  • Tensioning can also be provided by pressing together a pair of rollers through which the paper travel, thereby tying the rate of movement of the paper to the rotational speed of the guide rolls, and restricting the rotational rate of the rolls.
  • Tensioning can also be regulated by varying the positions of a pair of guide rolls relative to the travel of the paper. As the position of at least one guide roll is moved such that the paper contacts an increasing degree of the perimeter of the guide rolls, the tension is increased.
  • the paper acts to force apart the two guide rolls 1124, and 1126 of Figure 7.
  • the guide rolls displace the direction of travel of the paper to a greater extent than in the position illustrated in Figure 7, thereby providing an higher degree of tension on the paper.
  • surface tension can be applied by a band with a weight or spring.
  • the friction device can be a friction clutch, pneumatic, magnetic or hydraulic tension mechanism.
  • the magnetic tensioning mechanism is sold as a magnetic particle tensioning brake. The exact form of the tensioning mechanism is not critical, and any commercially available mechanism can be used.
  • the portion of expanded paper between the supply roll 1120 and the cut end tends to retract once it has been released from the tension of being pulled.
  • the retraction of the leading edge of the paper can be restricted by a roller 1160 as shown in Figure 12, or the aforenoted spring loaded retaining bar 1140, of Figure 8.
  • the springs enable the paper to force the gripping fingers aside during expansion but pull the gripping fingers into tighter engagement with the paper if the paper is pulled in the reverse direction.
  • the retraction prevention mechanism has its paper contacting surface covered with a surface for gripping the expanded paper. The covering must grip the unopened slit paper when moving in the retract direction, without ripping the paper, when the user is pulling it off of the feed roller.
  • the material used to grip the paper can be angled to provide the unidirectional travel of the paper, as compared to being on a spring loaded mechanism which can give way during the paper expansion step.
  • the gripping mechanism can be a plurality of monofilament polymer strands mounted in an inclined position relative to the travel line of the paper. The incline permits the paper to slid past the gripping mechanism in one direction, but results in the engagement of the strands and the cells during travel in the reverse direction.
  • the sheet material 1112 must not be deformed, through the crushing of cells, while the expanded paper is passing through the retraction prevention mechanism.
  • the expanded cells can be crushed by the retraction mechanism.
  • the use of open cell and light foam can work to provide the required expansion.
  • the preferred material is a nylon hook fiber which does not crush the expanded cells as they passed under the retraction mechanism 1140.
  • the barb of the hook is oriented in the leading position such that the barbs engage the slits in sheet material during the retraction of said paper, but permit the sheet material to slid past during the unwind/expansion step.
  • the bar 1140 is spring biased toward the sheet such that unwinding movement causes the bar to move away from the paper. Conversely, a tendency of the paper to rewind or retract, pulls the bar toward the paper.
  • the hooks dig into the slits during rewinding, but freely permit the paper to move in the unwind direction.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a mechanism in which the retraction prevention is provided by a guide roll 1160 and bracing roll 1162 positioned on either side of the paper 1112.
  • the guide roll 1160 is provided with the same type of hook filaments, bristles, or the like, as provided for bar 1140 to prevent crushing the paper.
  • Reverse travel is prevented through the use of any convenient means for limiting the guide roll 1160 to a single direction rotation.
  • a ratchet mechanism such as wheel 1134, illustrated in Figure 7 can be used.
  • the bracing roll 1162 maintains the paper 1112 against the guide roll 1160 and can be either free rolling or provided with reverse travel means.
  • the amount of paper which is delivered for expansion can be increased by using multiple layers of paper.
  • the only change in the system is the use of a plurality of feed rolls to supply slit paper to the system.
  • the sheet material 1112 can be in the form of multi-layers of the slit expanded sheet material on a single roll.
  • the requirement for the simultaneous feeding of multilayers can be achieved through the use of a multi-ply, single roll or a plurality of feed rolls.
  • Each method has its advantages.
  • the multi-roll allows the choice of using single ply rather than multi-ply.
  • the use of multiple rolls does, however, take more space than the multi-ply, single roll system.
  • a first roll 1170 can be positioned above a second roll 1172. Paper is fed simultaneously between two guide rolls, 1124 and 1126 which serve as a tensioning mechanism, as previously described.
  • the output 1178 is two layers of expanded sheet material.
  • the filling material When the filling material is wrapped around an article, it is in the form of a plurality of layers of interlocked expanded sheets due to the land areas of adjacent sheets of the layers of sheets nesting and interlocking with each other. Contraction of the expanded sheets is thus prevented or at least restricted.
  • the length of the slit and the ratio of the land intervals between slit affects the dimensions of the polygons which are formed during the expansion step.
  • 0.203mm [008 inch] thick paper having a slit pattern of a 13mm [1/2 inch] slit, 5mm [3/16 inch] slit spacing, and 3mm [1/8 inch] row spacing produces a 6mm x 5mm [1/4 inch by 3/16 inch] land which can expand to under about 6mm [one quarter of an inch] thickness and will have a net effective thickness for two layers, when nested, of about 10mm [.375 inches].
  • the land width is double the width of the legs. The net effect is a useful thickness expansion of roughly at least 20 times the unexpanded thickness of the paper.
  • the nesting of adjacent layers can occur to an excessive extent, as for example, where absolute uniformity of expansion exists in adjacent layers, and the adjacent layers merge or commingle with each other to a second layer adds to the combined thickness of two sheets only to the extent of the unexpanded thickness of the second sheet rather than the expanded thickness of the second sheet.
  • the cumulative effect of the addition of successive layers of sheets is based on a thickness increase relative to the unexpanded thickness of each successive sheet.
  • the desired net effect is a nesting where the land of one layer drops into the cell of the adjacent layer only to the extent necessary to provide interlocking, that is, preclude relative motion of the layers.
  • the overall object is to prevent slippage between adjacent layers, while maximizing the cumulative thickness of the layered material.
  • the adjacent layers should interlock while on the other hand the adjacent layers should not interlock in order to maximize the thickness of the expanded,, multilayered product.
  • the balance between interlocking and maximizing thickness can be achieved by offsetting the adjacent layers or offsetting the slit pattern and reversing the direction of offset on layer relative to the adjacent layer.
  • the offsetting of the slit pattern can be relative to a multi-ply, single roll, in which adjacent plies are offset, as well as to a multi-ply configuration formed from two rolls of single ply material, as described above.
  • the parallel rows of individual slits preferably form an angle with the longitudinal axis (the opposing edges of the sheet) in the range from about 89.5 to 87 degrees. This produces the aforementioned offset.
  • the net offset between the parallel rows of slits of adjacent layers forms an angle in the range from about 1° to about 6°. That is, the line of slits of adjacent plies cross each other or an angle in the range from about 1° to about 6°.
  • two feed rolls 1170 and 1172 can be provided. By having one roll unwind counterclockwise and the other clockwise, the aforenoted crossing of the lines of slits of adjacent rolls occurs, producing the desired blend between interlocking and maximizing of expanded thickness.
  • FIGs 14A through 14F The use of guide rolls, to regulate the tensioning of the delivery system, is shown in Figures 14A through 14F.
  • Figure 14A no tension is provided on the sheet 1180, passing between the guide rolls 1182 and 1184.
  • the rotation of the two guide rolls relative to each other, as shown in Figure 14B produces moderate tension which is increased with the rotation of the relative roll positions as shown in Figures 14C and 14D.
  • Figure 14E and F the tension increases.
  • the expansion drive rollers can be adjusted to alter the space between the rollers. In this manner, a required balance can be attained between compression of the paper sheet between the rollers and minimization of the crushing of the cells of the expanded paper.
  • the Velcro hooks can grab and pull the expanded cells with little need to apply a compression force.
  • the pressure on the paper Prior to the expansion, that is, during the start up, the pressure on the paper must be maximized since the inclined surfaces of the expanded paper are not yet available.
  • a variety of mechanisms are available to adjust for the change in the thickness of the paper and the creation of inclined surfaces.
  • the dual expansion rollers 1502 and 1504 are illustrated.
  • the dual expansion rollers 1502 and 1504 are provided with a pair of rigid gripping wheels 1506, 1510 and 1508, 1512, respectively.
  • the rigid wheels 1506, 1510, 1508 and 1512 are somewhat greater in diameter than the expansion rollers 1502 and 1504 and serve to grip the paper and draw it through.
  • the difference between the diameter of rollers 1502 and 1504 and the wheels 1506, 1510 and 1508, 1512 must be greater than 6mm [one quarter inch] in order to avoid crushing the expanded paper.
  • the use of small rigid wheels 1506, 1510 and 1508, 1512 to carry the paper limits the amount of expanded material which is contacted and therefore crushed.
  • the wheels 1506 1510 1508 1512 can be formed of rubber or any of the materials disclsoed for use with the expander rolls.
  • the width of the wheels 1506, 1510 and 1508, 1512 is as small as feasible to limit the amount of expanded paper which is crushed.
  • the wheels 1506, 1510 and 1508, 1512 leave an elongated path or region of crushed cells along the length of the paper.
  • the wheels are about 13mm [one half inch] wide. Wider wheels provide greater gripping power but crush a greater amount of expanded cells.
  • the amount of material crushed is equal to the width of the wheels times the number of wheels. The number of wheels is not narrowly critical but, the use of too few wheels will produce uneven drawing of the sheet material.
  • At least two wheels are required, but three wheels evenly spaced along the draw rollers produced more consistent and even drawing of the paper. Since the wheels must be in opposed pairs, too narrow a width produces a risk that the opposed wheels will be out of alignment and fail to provide a gripping force.
  • the minimum width of the wheels is controlled by the ability to keep the wheels in proper gripping alignment.
  • the maximum width of the wheels is limited by need to minimized crushing of the expanded material. In the instance of a 508mm [20 inch] wide paper, the use of four 13mm [half inch] wheels, crushes 10 percent of the paper.
  • the combined width of the rollers multiplied by the number of rollers must be less than 20% of the width of the expanded paper, and preferably should be less than 10% of the expanded width. Most preferably, the combined width is no more than 5% of the expanded paper width.
  • the Velcro® type hook filament material 1606, 1608 and 1610, 1612, respectively is spirally wound around the draw rollers 1602 and 1604, illustrating two of the possible patterns.
  • the hook filaments 1606 and 1608 have a great drawing power and it is not necessary to have the entire roll covered. In fact, using less than full coverage can be advantageous.
  • contact with the expanded material is continuous, but the expanded sheet material is compressed between opposed hook material intermittently and only over a limited region. In this manner the paper is compressed during the start up of the expansion cycle, and once expanded the paper is drawn primarily on one surface unopposed by material. Thus, crushing of expanded paper is minimized
  • the spiral of the hook filament material 1606 on the first roller 1602 is opposite from the spiral direction of the filament material 1608 on the second roller 1604.
  • the hook filament material of the first draw roller 1602 is always opposed by the corresponding material of the second draw roller 1604.
  • the filament material spirals 1610 and 1612 are in the same direction.
  • the two spirals 1610 and 1612 are only in opposition, or contact, periodically.
  • the paper is compressed between opposing spirals, as required to start the expansion process.
  • Once expanded contact between the spirals 1610 and 1612 and the expanded paper is predominantly one side unopposed, thereby minimizing the problem of crushing of the expanded cells, while providing periodic high compression needed for the startup of die expansion cycle.
  • the draw rollers can be provided with a solenoid or a pair of solenoids, one at each end.
  • the solenoid is provided with a timer which raises the top roller slightly once the expansion is achieved, so that maximum start up compression is available to initiate the expansion, but minimal compression occurs after the expansion has been achieved so as to avoid crushing of the expanded cells. This is possible, because of the interaction between the hooks and the inclines of the expanded material.
  • the hooks grab the paper and it is not necessary to force the paper against the hooks by means of an opposing roller. Light contact between the hooks and the expanded material is sufficient to draw the sheet of expanded paper and maintain the expansion operation. Once the rotation of the rollers has ceased, the solenoid releases the top roller to come in contact with the bottom roller.
  • the rotary die cutting of the expanded paper is preferably performed using a hardened steel die with tolerances of 0.02mm [.001 of an inch].
  • the anvil is a round, extremely hard cylinder. It has been found that the cutting of the plurality of slits results in a vibration of the rotary die cutter and a shortening of the life of the equipment, in particular, the die.
  • the vibration problem can, however, be eliminated by offsetting the knives about 1.5° from the axis of the die. It appears that the vibration is due to the fact that the rows of knives are spaced 3mm [1/8 inch] apart. Even though the cutting action is on a sheet of paper only 0.18 or 0.20mm [007 or 008 inch] thick, the net effect is chopping action and a resultant vibration.
  • the skewing of the knives results in a continuous cutting action, since there is a simultaneous entry of a plurality of knives into the paper and withdrawing from the paper.
  • the range is limited at one extreme by the necessity for the slits to be close to being perpendicular to the edges of the web, so that during the expansion step, the expansion proceeds in a controlled manner. That is, the paper expanded without skewing in one direction.
  • the skewing of the knives must be sufficient to provide a continuous cutting and prevent die vibration. Accordingly, the skewing of the knives, as illustrated in Figure 19, must be at least about 0.5 but less than 5 degrees. Optimally, the range is within 1.0 degrees and 1.75 degrees.
  • the extendible sheet material can be a single layer of flexible paper material or multiple layers wound on the same roll.
  • the multiplies plies are formed in-situ by using multiple rolls of single layer sheet material which are combined in the guide roll path.
  • the advantage of using, for example, two rolls of single layer sheet material is that where a small amount of material is required to wrap an object, a single roll can be used in the system. In applications where large amounts of void fill are required, two rolls can be unwound simultaneously, to produce a two-ply void fill material.
  • the parallel rows of individual slits preferably form an angle with the longitudinal axis (the opposing edges of the sheet) in the range from about 89.5 to 87 degrees. Consequently, the parallel rows of slits of adjacent layers form an angle in the range from about 1° to about 6° with each other. That is, the line of slits of adjacent plies cross each other at an angle in the range from about 1° to about 6°.
  • the skewing of the knives not only improves the cutting operation but also optimizes the cushioning affect.
  • the rotary die cutting equipment includes a paper supply roll 8100 and web tension guide, indicated generally as 8102, as shown in Figure 18.
  • the web guide controls tracking of paper from side to side, thereby facilitating high speed die cutting.
  • the roller 8101 serves to decurl the rolled paper, prior to die cutting.
  • the paper 8104 is fed between between nip rollers 8106, to the die cutting station indicated generally as 8108.
  • the rotary die 8110 containing the knives 8111, shown in Figure 19, interacts with the hard anvil 8112 to produced the desired slit pattern.
  • the rotary die is driven by a conventional power source, not shown, and can be belt driven or driven through gear teeth.
  • the slit paper is then wound on a rewind roller 8114. Nip rollers can be used between the rotary die cutting and the rewind roller 8114.
  • the web tension must be less than 5Kg per m [4.5 oz. per inch] of width. For paper webs less than 508 mm [20 inches] in width, the problem of maintaining the rewind tension within the necessary limits is particularly severe. This problem is discussed in U.S. -A- 5,688,578.
  • the regulation of the rewind tension can be achieved through the use of a variable tension sensor and control 8120.
  • the variable tension sensor and control senses use of a variable tension sensor and control 8120.
  • the variable tension sensor and control senses the amount of paper which has been rewound on the rewind roller 8114.
  • the speed of the paper web through the rotary die 8110 is essentially constant. As the amount of paper on the rewind roller 8114 increases along with the diameter of the rewound web, the linear speed of the web increases. To maintain a constant tension, the rotational speed of the rewind roller 8114 must be decreased.
  • a highly sensitive plasma magnetic clutch or a hydraulic clutch can be used to maintain the rewind tension within the required limits, relative to the width of the paper web.
  • the rewind tension exceeds the proper limit, the cells open, and the paper is wound in the form of open cells. If the rewind tension is too low, the paper web is traveling at an uneconomically slow rate. Further, at low tension the roll is not tight.
  • a tightly wound roll provides the optimum amount of material relative to the diameter of the roll.
  • An open cell roll represents one extreme, while a tightly wound roll represents the other extreme.
  • a loosely wound unexpanded roll is preferable to a tightly wound expanded roll. In order to amortize the cost of equipment over a reasonable period of time, the paper through put must be maintained at the maximum possible speed. When the tension is unnecessarily low, the rewind mechanism becomes the bottle neck in the manufacturing operation.
  • the filling material sheets of the present invention may be formed of any desirable and suitable dimensions depending upon the hollow spaces to be filled in packaging materials. While the description of the filling material sheet member of the present invention describes one example with respect to size and thickness, this is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
  • the slit pattern and paper characteristics have interacted to form a hexagonal cell, the slit paper has sufficient resistance to expansion, to permit the sheet material in roll form, to be rewound without expansion. This is not the case for slit pattern/material characteristic combinations which fail to produce the hexagonal pattern.
  • the legs of the cells are insufficiently rigid to form the hexagonal shape, the cells are also excessively easy to open. In such cases, the sheets have to have the slit patterns cut on a flat press, for the sheets to be shipped unexpanded, since the conventional rewind rolling action would expand the slit sheets.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Special Articles (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Containers And Plastic Fillers For Packaging (AREA)
  • Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP94928574A 1993-09-10 1994-09-12 Method and apparatus for producing individual rolls of packing material Expired - Lifetime EP0717714B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99115817A EP0978372B1 (en) 1993-09-10 1994-09-12 Apparatus for producing individual rolls of packing material

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/119,472 US5538778A (en) 1992-03-16 1993-09-10 Method and apparatus for producing individual rolls of packing material
US25506294A 1994-06-07 1994-06-07
US255062 1994-06-07
PCT/US1994/010209 WO1995007225A2 (en) 1993-09-10 1994-09-12 Method and apparatus for producing individual rolls of packing material
US119472 1998-07-20

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP99115817A Division EP0978372B1 (en) 1993-09-10 1994-09-12 Apparatus for producing individual rolls of packing material

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EP0717714A1 EP0717714A1 (en) 1996-06-26
EP0717714B1 true EP0717714B1 (en) 2000-03-22

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JP (1) JP3420770B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (1) KR960704782A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CN (1) CN1134687A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (2) ATE190948T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU7796094A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR9407529A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA2168979C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CZ (1) CZ62396A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE69434910T2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK0978372T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (2) ES2281946T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI961088A7 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
HU (1) HU9600584D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO960968L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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JP4517238B2 (ja) * 2005-01-19 2010-08-04 株式会社オカベカミコン 紙製緩衝材の製造方法
WO2010078560A1 (en) * 2009-01-02 2010-07-08 Nuevopak International Limited Off-set gears and methods of using off-set gears for producing cushioning material
FR2949440B1 (fr) * 2009-09-03 2011-11-25 Yannick Layer Element de renfort d'un angle d'une caisse en carton compact
US11834240B2 (en) 2013-09-06 2023-12-05 David P. Goodrich Expanded slit sheet cushioning products with novel alternating expansion patterns
CN107206725B (zh) * 2014-11-13 2019-12-17 兰帕克公司 使狭缝片材材料膨胀以形成膨胀的包装产品的装置和方法
CN107257733B (zh) * 2015-02-26 2020-05-01 兰帕克公司 使预制狭缝的片材库存材料膨胀的垫料转换系统和方法
CN107580549B (zh) 2015-05-13 2019-12-10 兰帕克公司 原料供应组件和用于装填垫料转换机的方法
BR112018003519B1 (pt) * 2015-08-31 2022-07-26 Ranpak Corporation Máquina de conversão de material de amortecimento
AU2016343891A1 (en) * 2015-10-28 2018-06-14 Ranpak Corp. Low cost manual expanding-dunnage conversion apparatus
EP3478614B1 (en) 2016-06-29 2024-02-28 Ranpak Corp. Apparatus and method for making a coil of dunnage
JP6895535B2 (ja) 2017-03-24 2021-06-30 ランパック コーポレイション 伸張可能なスリットシートストック材のための可変な間隔を有するダンネージ転換機
ES2870713T3 (es) 2017-04-10 2021-10-27 Ranpak Corp Material de almacenamiento de lámina con hendidura, conjunto de conversión de estiba y método para expandir
EP4545444A2 (en) 2017-06-26 2025-04-30 David Paul Goodrich Extensible paper and its use in the production of expanded slit packaging wrap and void fill products
US11401090B2 (en) 2017-06-26 2022-08-02 David Paul Goodrich Expanded slit sheet cushioning products with novel slit pattern and paper properties
US11702261B2 (en) 2017-06-26 2023-07-18 David Paul Goodrich Expanded slit sheet cushioning products with novel reduced dimension slit patterns
CN108327968B (zh) * 2018-03-21 2024-01-12 佛山市邦贝机械制造有限公司 全伺服自动分片机
CN109795913A (zh) * 2019-03-05 2019-05-24 龚志庆 一种连续充气气柱袋自动切袋设备及切袋方法
CN110435219B (zh) * 2019-03-29 2024-11-26 成泰昌包装制品(深圳)有限公司 一种全回收环保包装结构及其制作方法
AU2020267601A1 (en) * 2019-05-08 2022-01-06 David P. Goodrich Embossed paper in combination with paper cushioning for shipping envelopes
AT523363B1 (de) * 2019-12-20 2021-11-15 Khu Peter Haltesystem für Stückgüter
JP7493760B2 (ja) * 2020-06-23 2024-06-03 株式会社ネオックス 緩衝材供給装置
JP7493759B2 (ja) * 2020-06-23 2024-06-03 株式会社ネオックス 緩衝材製造装置
US12391019B2 (en) * 2020-12-10 2025-08-19 Fagerdala Singapore Pte Ltd Container and dispensing system for expanded slit paper
CA3221169A1 (en) * 2021-06-03 2022-12-08 Fredrik Cornelis STAM Apparatus and method for dispensing a cushioning wrap material
CN113415494B (zh) * 2021-08-23 2021-10-29 南通迈威智能科技有限公司 一种自动化被子折叠装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL313490A1 (en) 1996-07-08
NO960968D0 (no) 1996-03-08
DK0978372T3 (da) 2007-05-14
EP0978372A3 (en) 2002-05-08
ATE190948T1 (de) 2000-04-15
WO1995007225A3 (en) 1995-04-06
BR9407529A (pt) 1997-08-26
DE69423634D1 (de) 2000-04-27
JPH09502410A (ja) 1997-03-11
AU7796094A (en) 1995-03-27
KR960704782A (ko) 1996-10-09
DE69434910D1 (de) 2007-02-15
EP0978372B1 (en) 2007-01-03
HU9600584D0 (en) 1996-05-28
JP3420770B2 (ja) 2003-06-30
CN1134687A (zh) 1996-10-30
DE69423634T2 (de) 2000-11-23
FI961088A0 (fi) 1996-03-08
NO960968L (no) 1996-05-02
FI961088A7 (fi) 1996-03-08
WO1995007225A2 (en) 1995-03-16
EP0717714A1 (en) 1996-06-26
EP0978372A2 (en) 2000-02-09
CA2168979C (en) 2008-11-25
ATE350215T1 (de) 2007-01-15
HK1026175A1 (en) 2000-12-08
DE69434910T2 (de) 2007-08-30
CZ62396A3 (en) 1997-02-12
ES2146257T3 (es) 2000-08-01
ES2281946T3 (es) 2007-10-01
CA2168979A1 (en) 1995-03-16
TW307713B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1997-06-11

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