EP0717253A1 - Obturator for caseless ammunition firearm - Google Patents

Obturator for caseless ammunition firearm Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0717253A1
EP0717253A1 EP95402532A EP95402532A EP0717253A1 EP 0717253 A1 EP0717253 A1 EP 0717253A1 EP 95402532 A EP95402532 A EP 95402532A EP 95402532 A EP95402532 A EP 95402532A EP 0717253 A1 EP0717253 A1 EP 0717253A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seal
barrel
sealing
sealing device
cooling part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95402532A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0717253B1 (en
Inventor
Françoise Simon
Franck Bouvard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0717253A1 publication Critical patent/EP0717253A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0717253B1 publication Critical patent/EP0717253B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/74—Obturating or packing devices for gas leak prevention in breech mechanisms

Definitions

  • the technical field of the present invention is that of small caliber portable weapons firing ammunition without a cartridge case.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device for sealing the combustion gases of a munition without a socket ensuring this seal for an instantaneous temperature of the order of 2500 ° C. and a pressure of approximately 5.10 7 Pa.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a sealing device, the cooling of which limits its heating for bursts of ammunition of the order of 150 in one minute.
  • the seal is fixed floatingly between the barrel and the cylinder head so as to be able to move axially under the action of the pressure of the combustion gases.
  • the cooling part of the seal is of annular shape, coaxial outside the sealing part of the seal and connected to the periphery of the latter by an annular radial wall.
  • the axial position of the connecting wall between the two parts of the joint is such that, on the barrel side, the sealing part, the cooling part and the connecting wall of the joint delimit a cavity therebetween decompression of combustion gases.
  • the cooling part of the seal is intended to be housed in an annular space delimited between the rear part of the barrel and the breech, and is used to ensure the floating fixing of the seal.
  • the cooling part of the seal is fixed to the cylinder head by at least one connecting means freely engaging inside an oblong opening formed in the wall of the cooling part of the seal, this means of connection being for example a screw, the head of which is blocked by the cylinder head and whose rod engages in the aforementioned opening.
  • the two sealing and cooling parts which form the joint form a single piece which is produced from spring steel, for example.
  • An advantage of the sealing device according to the invention lies in the fact that the sealing is ensured by a device in one piece facilitating its manufacture and its mounting in the weapon and consequently its replacement in the event of deterioration.
  • Another advantage lies in the use of the pressure of the combustion gases to ensure the displacement of the sealing device and its deformation.
  • the weapon 1 partially shown in longitudinal section in FIG. 1 comprises a barrel aligned with the breech 3 in the chamber 3a of which is housed an ammunition 4 without casing consisting of a propellant charge 5 and a projectile 6 engaged in the cannon.
  • the ammunition 4 is ignited using an electric initiation device or percussion device.
  • the barrel 2 and the breech 3 are fixed to each other by means of a breech lock 8.
  • the breech 3 is subjected to the action of a recovery spring 9 which applies an axial force F to the cylinder head 3
  • the cooling part 15 of the seal 11 is of annular shape, coaxial outside with the sealing part 12 and connected to the periphery of the latter by an annular radial wall 16.
  • the axial position of the connecting wall 16 is such that, on the barrel side, the sealing part 12, the cooling part 15 and the connecting wall 16 define between them a cavity 17 for decompressing the combustion gases.
  • the cooling part 15 extends on the same side of the connecting wall 16 and in the direction of the barrel 2.
  • the seal 11 is made of an elastically deformable material having high thermomechanical properties and a wide range of operating temperatures, between ⁇ 50 ° and 450 °, this material being for example spring steel.
  • the sealing part 12 of the seal 11 has an outside diameter of the order of 13 mm, extends over a length of 5.5 mm, the lip having a thickness of the order of 0.4 mm, the cooling part 14 extends over a length of the order of 9 mm and has a thickness of the order of 3.7 mm, and the decompression cavity has a width of the order of 2.5 mm.
  • the cooling part 15 extends axially over a length greater than that of the sealing part 12, so as to allow the cooling of the seal 11 by limiting the heating of the sealing part 12 which is directly in contact combustion gases, so that its temperature remains below the tempering temperature of the steel constituting it.
  • the cooling part 15 of the seal 11 is intended to be housed in an annular space 18 delimited between the rear part of the barrel 2 and the breech 3.
  • the seal 11 is intended to be mounted preserred between the barrel 2 and the cylinder head 3 on the one hand, and fixed so as to be able to move axially under the action of the combustion gases.
  • the floating mounting of the seal 11 makes it possible to guarantee its positioning between the barrel 2 and the cylinder head 3 during the pressure build-up in the chamber 3a.
  • the seal 11 is fixed to the cylinder head 3 by at least one connecting means 20 freely engaging inside an oblong opening 22 formed in the wall of the cooling part 15 of the seal 11.
  • This connecting means 20 is for example constituted by a screw, the head 20a of which is locked in the cylinder head 3, while its rod 20b engages freely in the opening 22. It is possible, for example, to provide three screws 20 regularly distributed around the cooling part 15 of the seal 11.
  • the seal 11 is mounted pre-locked between the barrel 2 and the cylinder head 3 by the action of the recuperator spring 9 which acts on the cylinder head 3, so that its axial end surface 13 is in support against the rear face 2a of the barrel 2 but with presence of a minimum radial clearance Jr between the sealing lip 14 and the internal wall of the chamber 3a.
  • the elastic deformation of the seal 11 will allow it to be applied intimately under the effect of the pressure of the combustion gases against the barrel 2 by axial plating of the surface 13 of the sealing part 12 and against the wall of the chamber 3a by elastic deformation of the lip 14. More precisely, after ignition of the propellant charge 5, the pressure increases in the chamber 3a and the seal 11 passes through two successive phases from the initial position shown in FIG. 3 At the start of the shot, as shown in FIG. 4, the pressure passes through a value P0 of 4.10 7 Pa, called the pressing pressure, at which the radial clearance Jr for mounting the seal 11 in the chamber 3a is eliminated by elastic deformation of the lip 14 which is pressed against the internal wall of the chamber 3a.
  • the pressure reaches its maximum value, of the order of 5.10 7 Pa, the temperature its maximum value, approximately 2500 ° C, and as shown in Figure 5, the seal 11, the barrel 2 and the cylinder head 3 are deformed uniformly.
  • the seal 11 slides in its housing opening 22 and maintains the radial and axial seals by elastic deformation of the sealing part subjected directly to the action of the combustion gases.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Installation Of Indoor Wiring (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

The seal, fitted between the barrel and breech block chamber, comprises a seal element (11) with a ring (12) which has one end face forming an axial seal (13) fitting against the rear face of the barrel, and a radial seal lip (14) at the other end which fits against the inner wall of the breech block chamber. The seal also has a cooling section (15) which limits the temperature rise in the ring (12) in contact with the combustion gases; it is fitted so that it floats between the barrel and the breech block, being able to move axially under the pressure of the combustion gases. The seal is made from an elastically deformable material with high thermo-mechanical properties, e.g. of spring steel.

Description

Le domaine technique de la présente invention est celui des armes portatives de petit calibre tirant des munitions sans douille.The technical field of the present invention is that of small caliber portable weapons firing ammunition without a cartridge case.

Dans les armes classiques, c'est-à-dire pour les armes tirant des munitions à douille, le problème de l'étanchéité entre le canon et la culasse ne se pose pas étant donné que c'est la douille qui assure directement cette étanchéité par son expansion (déformation plastique) sous l'effet de la pression des gaz de combustion produits par la charge propulsive. La douille métallique ou en matière plastique vient se plaquer contre la paroi de la chambre prolongeant le canon. On sait que dans une arme de guerre de petit calibre, la pression développée dans la chambre est de l'ordre de 5.107 Pa et la température instantanée des gaz d'environ 2500°C.In conventional weapons, that is to say for weapons firing ammunition with casing, the problem of sealing between the barrel and the breech does not arise since it is the case which directly ensures this sealing by its expansion (plastic deformation) under the effect of the pressure of the combustion gases produced by the propellant charge. The metal or plastic sleeve is pressed against the wall of the chamber extending the barrel. We know that in a small caliber weapon of war, the pressure developed in the chamber is of the order of 5.10 7 Pa and the instantaneous temperature of the gases of approximately 2500 ° C.

L'utilisation de munitions sans douille ou à douille combustible impose alors la présence d'un dispositif d'étanchéité au niveau de la culasse et du canon.The use of ammunition without casing or with combustible casing then requires the presence of a sealing device at the level of the breech and the barrel.

Le but de la présente invention est donc de fournir un dispositif d'étanchéité aux gaz de combustion d'une munition sans douille assurant cette étanchéité pour une température instantanée de l'ordre de 2500°C et une pression d'environ 5.107 Pa.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device for sealing the combustion gases of a munition without a socket ensuring this seal for an instantaneous temperature of the order of 2500 ° C. and a pressure of approximately 5.10 7 Pa.

Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un dispositif d'étanchéité, dont le refroidissement limite son échauffement pour des rafales de munitions de l'ordre de 150 en une minute.Another object of the present invention is to provide a sealing device, the cooling of which limits its heating for bursts of ammunition of the order of 150 in one minute.

L'invention a donc pour objet un dispositif d'étanchéité aux gaz de combustion d'une munition sans douille, monté entre la canon et la chambre de culasse d'une arme à feu de petit calibre, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un joint qui est constitué :

  • d'une partie étanchéité de forme annulaire, dont une face d'extrémité forme une surface d'étanchéité axiale destinée à venir en appui sur la face arrière du canon, et qui comporte vers son autre extrémité une lèvre d'étanchéité radiale destinée à venir en appui sur la paroi interne de la chambre de culasse, et
  • d'une partie refroidissement pour limiter l'échauffement de la partie étanchéité du joint qui est au contact des gaz de combustion.
The subject of the invention is therefore a device for sealing the combustion gases of ammunition without a cartridge, mounted between the barrel and the breech chamber of a small caliber firearm, characterized in that it comprises a seal which consists:
  • a sealing portion of annular shape, one end face of which forms an axial sealing surface intended to come to bear on the rear face of the barrel, and which comprises towards its other end a radial sealing lip intended to come resting on the internal wall of the cylinder head chamber, and
  • a cooling part to limit the heating of the sealing part of the seal which is in contact with the combustion gases.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le joint est fixé de manière flottante entre le canon et la culasse de manière à pouvoir se déplacer axialement sous l'action de la pression des gaz de combustion.According to another characteristic of the invention, the seal is fixed floatingly between the barrel and the cylinder head so as to be able to move axially under the action of the pressure of the combustion gases.

Selon un exemple de réalisation, la partie refroidissement du joint est de forme annulaire, coaxiale extérieurement à la partie étanchéité du joint et reliée à la périphérie de cette dernière par une paroi radiale annulaire.According to an exemplary embodiment, the cooling part of the seal is of annular shape, coaxial outside the sealing part of the seal and connected to the periphery of the latter by an annular radial wall.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la position axiale de la paroi de liaison entre les deux parties du joint est telle que, côté canon, la partie étanchéité, la partie refroidissement et la paroi de liaison du joint délimitent entre elles une cavité de décompression des gaz de combustion.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the axial position of the connecting wall between the two parts of the joint is such that, on the barrel side, the sealing part, the cooling part and the connecting wall of the joint delimit a cavity therebetween decompression of combustion gases.

D'une manière générale, la partie refroidissement du joint est destinée à se loger dans un espace annulaire délimité entre la partie arrière du canon et la culasse, et est utilisée pour assurer la fixation flottante du joint.In general, the cooling part of the seal is intended to be housed in an annular space delimited between the rear part of the barrel and the breech, and is used to ensure the floating fixing of the seal.

D'une manière générale, la partie refroidissement du joint est fixée à la culasse par au moins un moyen de liaison s'engageant librement à l'intérieur d'une ouverture oblongue ménagée dans la paroi de la partie refroidissement du joint, ce moyen de liaison étant par exemple une vis, dont la tête est bloquée par la culasse et dont la tige s'engage dans l'ouverture précitée.In general, the cooling part of the seal is fixed to the cylinder head by at least one connecting means freely engaging inside an oblong opening formed in the wall of the cooling part of the seal, this means of connection being for example a screw, the head of which is blocked by the cylinder head and whose rod engages in the aforementioned opening.

Enfin, selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les deux parties étanchéité et refroidissement qui forment le joint, forment une pièce monobloc qui est fabriquée en un acier à ressort, par exemple.Finally, according to yet another characteristic of the invention, the two sealing and cooling parts which form the joint, form a single piece which is produced from spring steel, for example.

Un avantage du dispositif d'étanchéité selon l'invention réside dans le fait que l'étanchéité est assurée par un dispositif en une seule pièce facilitant sa fabrication et son montage dans l'arme et par suite son remplacement en cas de détérioration.An advantage of the sealing device according to the invention lies in the fact that the sealing is ensured by a device in one piece facilitating its manufacture and its mounting in the weapon and consequently its replacement in the event of deterioration.

Un autre avantage réside dans l'utilisation de la pression des gaz de combustion pour assurer le déplacement du dispositif d'étanchéité et sa déformation.Another advantage lies in the use of the pressure of the combustion gases to ensure the displacement of the sealing device and its deformation.

D'autres caractéristiques, avantages et détails de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture du complément de description donné ci-après à titre d'exemple d'un mode de réalisation en relation avec des dessins sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale partielle d'une arme,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe du dispositif d'étanchéité selon l'invention, et
  • les figures 3 à 5 sont des vues en coupe partielle illustrant le fonctionnement.
Other characteristics, advantages and details of the invention will appear on reading the additional description given below by way of example of an embodiment in relation to the drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a view in partial longitudinal section of a weapon,
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the sealing device according to the invention, and
  • Figures 3 to 5 are partial sectional views illustrating the operation.

L'arme 1 partiellement représentée en coupe longitudinale sur la figure 1 comprend un canon aligné avec la culasse 3 dans la chambre 3a de laquelle est logée une munition 4 sans douille constituée d'une charge propulsive 5 et d'un projectile 6 engagé dans le canon. La munition 4 est mise à feu à l'aide d'un dispositif d'initiation 7 électrique ou à percussion. Le canon 2 et la culasse 3 sont fixés l'un à l'autre à l'aide d'une verrou de culasse 8. La culasse 3 est soumise à l'action d'un ressort récupérateur 9 qui applique sur la culasse 3 une force axiale F.The weapon 1 partially shown in longitudinal section in FIG. 1 comprises a barrel aligned with the breech 3 in the chamber 3a of which is housed an ammunition 4 without casing consisting of a propellant charge 5 and a projectile 6 engaged in the cannon. The ammunition 4 is ignited using an electric initiation device or percussion device. The barrel 2 and the breech 3 are fixed to each other by means of a breech lock 8. The breech 3 is subjected to the action of a recovery spring 9 which applies an axial force F to the cylinder head 3

Entre le canon 2 et la culasse 3, l'étanchéité aux gaz de combustion produite par l'explosion de la charge propulsive 5 est assurée suivant l'invention par un joint 11 représenté à la figure 2 et décrit ci-après.Between the barrel 2 and the cylinder head 3, the seal against the combustion gases produced by the explosion of the propellant charge 5 is ensured according to the invention by a seal 11 shown in FIG. 2 and described below.

Le joint 11 comprend :

  • une partie étanchéité 12 de forme annulaire, dont une face d'extrémité forme une surface d'étanchéité axiale 13 destinée à venir en appui sur la face arrière 2a du canon 2, et qui comporte vers son autre extrémité une lèvre d'étanchéité radiale 14 destinée à venir en appui sur la paroi interne de la chambre 3a, et
  • une partie refroidissement 15 destinée à limiter l'échauffement de la partie étanchéité 12 qui est au contact des gaz de combustion.
The seal 11 includes:
  • a sealing portion 12 of annular shape, one end face of which forms an axial sealing surface 13 intended to come to bear on the rear face 2a of the barrel 2, and which comprises towards its other end a radial sealing lip 14 intended to come to bear on the internal wall of the chamber 3a, and
  • a cooling part 15 intended to limit the heating of the sealing part 12 which is in contact with the combustion gases.

La partie refroidissement 15 du joint 11 est de forme annulaire, coaxiale extérieurement à la partie étanchéité 12 et reliée à la périphérie de cette dernière par une paroi radiale annulaire 16. La position axiale de la paroi de liaison 16 est telle que, côté canon, la partie étanchéité 12, la partie refroidissement 15 et la paroi de liaison 16 délimitent entre elles une cavité 17 de décompression des gaz de combustion. Dans l'exemple illustré, la partie refroidissement 15 s'étend d'un même côté de la paroi de liaison 16 et en direction du canon 2.The cooling part 15 of the seal 11 is of annular shape, coaxial outside with the sealing part 12 and connected to the periphery of the latter by an annular radial wall 16. The axial position of the connecting wall 16 is such that, on the barrel side, the sealing part 12, the cooling part 15 and the connecting wall 16 define between them a cavity 17 for decompressing the combustion gases. In the example illustrated, the cooling part 15 extends on the same side of the connecting wall 16 and in the direction of the barrel 2.

Le joint 11 est fabriqué en un matériau élastiquement déformable ayant des propriétés thermomécaniques élevées et une large plage de températures de fonctionnement, entre - 50° et 450°, ce matériau étant par exemple un acier à ressort.The seal 11 is made of an elastically deformable material having high thermomechanical properties and a wide range of operating temperatures, between −50 ° and 450 °, this material being for example spring steel.

A titre d'exemple, la partie étanchéité 12 du joint 11 a un diamètre extérieur de l'ordre de 13 mm, s'étend sur une longueur de 5,5 mm, la lèvre ayant une épaisseur de l'ordre de 0,4 mm, la partie refroidissement 14 s'étend sur une longueur de l'ordre de 9 mm et a une épaisseur de l'ordre de 3,7 mm, et la cavité de décompression a une largeur de l'ordre de 2,5 mm.For example, the sealing part 12 of the seal 11 has an outside diameter of the order of 13 mm, extends over a length of 5.5 mm, the lip having a thickness of the order of 0.4 mm, the cooling part 14 extends over a length of the order of 9 mm and has a thickness of the order of 3.7 mm, and the decompression cavity has a width of the order of 2.5 mm.

D'une manière générale, la partie refroidissement 15 s'étend axialement sur une longueur supérieure à celle de la partie étanchéité 12, de façon à permettre le refroidissement du joint 11 en limitant l'échauffement de la partie étanchéité 12 qui est directement au contact des gaz de combustion, de sorte que sa température reste inférieure à la température de revenu de l'acier la constituant.In general, the cooling part 15 extends axially over a length greater than that of the sealing part 12, so as to allow the cooling of the seal 11 by limiting the heating of the sealing part 12 which is directly in contact combustion gases, so that its temperature remains below the tempering temperature of the steel constituting it.

En se reportant à la figure 3, la partie refroidissement 15 du joint 11 est destinée à se loger dans un espace annulaire 18 délimité entre la partie arrière du canon 2 et la culasse 3. Le joint 11 est destiné à être monté préserré entre le canon 2 et la culasse 3 d'une part, et fixé de manière flottante pour pouvoir se déplacer axialement sous l'action des gaz de combustion. Le montage flottant du joint 11 permet de garantir son positionnement entre le canon 2 et la culasse 3 lors de la montée en pression dans la chambre 3a.Referring to FIG. 3, the cooling part 15 of the seal 11 is intended to be housed in an annular space 18 delimited between the rear part of the barrel 2 and the breech 3. The seal 11 is intended to be mounted preserred between the barrel 2 and the cylinder head 3 on the one hand, and fixed so as to be able to move axially under the action of the combustion gases. The floating mounting of the seal 11 makes it possible to guarantee its positioning between the barrel 2 and the cylinder head 3 during the pressure build-up in the chamber 3a.

Sur la figure 3, le joint 11 est fixé à la culasse 3 par au moins un moyen de liaison 20 s'engageant librement à l'intérieur d'une ouverture oblongue 22 ménagée dans la paroi de la partie refroidissement 15 du joint 11. Ce moyen de liaison 20 est par exemple constitué par une vis, dont la tête 20a est bloquée dans la culasse 3, alors que sa tige 20b s'engage librement dans l'ouverture 22. On peut prévoir par exemple trois vis 20 régulièrement réparties autour de la partie refroidissement 15 du joint 11. Le joint 11 est monté préserré entre le canon 2 et la culasse 3 par l'action du ressort récupérateur 9 qui agit sur la culasse 3, de telle sorte que sa surface d'extrémité axiale 13 est en appui contre la face arrière 2a du canon 2 mais avec présence d'un jeu radial minimal Jr entre la lèvre d'étanchéité 14 et la paroi interne de la chambre 3a.In FIG. 3, the seal 11 is fixed to the cylinder head 3 by at least one connecting means 20 freely engaging inside an oblong opening 22 formed in the wall of the cooling part 15 of the seal 11. This connecting means 20 is for example constituted by a screw, the head 20a of which is locked in the cylinder head 3, while its rod 20b engages freely in the opening 22. It is possible, for example, to provide three screws 20 regularly distributed around the cooling part 15 of the seal 11. The seal 11 is mounted pre-locked between the barrel 2 and the cylinder head 3 by the action of the recuperator spring 9 which acts on the cylinder head 3, so that its axial end surface 13 is in support against the rear face 2a of the barrel 2 but with presence of a minimum radial clearance Jr between the sealing lip 14 and the internal wall of the chamber 3a.

En fonctionnement, la déformation élastique du joint 11 va lui permettre de s'appliquer de façon intime sous l'effet de la pression des gaz de combustion contre le canon 2 par plaquage axial de la surface 13 de la partie étanchéité 12 et contre la paroi de la chambre 3a par déformation élastique de la lèvre 14. Plus précisément, après allumage de la charge propulsive 5, la pression augmente dans la chambre 3a et le joint 11 passe par deux phases successives à partir de la position initiale représentée sur la figure 3. Au début du coup de feu, comme montré sur la figure 4, la pression passe par une valeur P0 de 4.107Pa, appelée pression de plaquage, à laquelle le jeu radial Jr de montage du joint 11 dans la chambre 3a est supprimé par déformation élastique de la lèvre 14 qui se plaque contre la paroi interne de la chambre 3a. La résultante axiale des forces de pression plaque par ailleurs la surface 13 du joint 11 contre la face arrière 2a du canon absorbant ainsi le rattrapage de jeu de verrouillage Jv entre la culasse 3 et le canon 2. La chambre 3a est alors rendue parfaitement étanche dès cette valeur de pression.In operation, the elastic deformation of the seal 11 will allow it to be applied intimately under the effect of the pressure of the combustion gases against the barrel 2 by axial plating of the surface 13 of the sealing part 12 and against the wall of the chamber 3a by elastic deformation of the lip 14. More precisely, after ignition of the propellant charge 5, the pressure increases in the chamber 3a and the seal 11 passes through two successive phases from the initial position shown in FIG. 3 At the start of the shot, as shown in FIG. 4, the pressure passes through a value P0 of 4.10 7 Pa, called the pressing pressure, at which the radial clearance Jr for mounting the seal 11 in the chamber 3a is eliminated by elastic deformation of the lip 14 which is pressed against the internal wall of the chamber 3a. The axial result of the pressure forces also presses the surface 13 of the seal 11 against the rear face 2a of the barrel, thus absorbing the catching up of the locking clearance Jv between the breech 3 and the barrel 2. The chamber 3a is then made perfectly sealed as soon as this pressure value.

La pression atteint sa valeur maximale, de l'ordre de 5.107Pa, la température sa valeur maximale, 2500°C environ, et comme représenté sur la figure 5, le joint 11, le canon 2 et la culasse 3 se déforment uniformément. Le joint 11 glisse dans son ouverture de logement 22 et maintient les étanchéités radiale et axiale par déformation élastique de la partie étanchéité soumise directement à l'action des gaz de combustion.The pressure reaches its maximum value, of the order of 5.10 7 Pa, the temperature its maximum value, approximately 2500 ° C, and as shown in Figure 5, the seal 11, the barrel 2 and the cylinder head 3 are deformed uniformly. The seal 11 slides in its housing opening 22 and maintains the radial and axial seals by elastic deformation of the sealing part subjected directly to the action of the combustion gases.

Après le coup de feu, le joint 11, le canon 2 et la culasse 3 reprennent leurs positions respectives représentées sur la figure 3.After the shot, the seal 11, the barrel 2 and the breech 3 resume their respective positions shown in FIG. 3.

D'une manière générale, la surface d'étanchéité axiale de la partie étanchéité 12 du joint 11 est réduite à une couronne de faible épaisseur, car cela permet :

  • d'assurer un meilleur contact, parfaitement continu entre le joint 11 et le canon 2, et s'affranchir ainsi des imperfections de géométrie,
  • d'augmenter la pression de contact entre le joint 11 et le canon 2, et limiter ainsi l'infiltration des gaz dues aux états de surface, et
  • de former la cavité de décompression 17 qui fait chuter en pression et en vitesse les fuites éventuelles de gaz et freiner ainsi ces fuites.
Generally, the axial sealing surface of the sealing part 12 of the seal 11 is reduced to a thin crown, as this allows:
  • to ensure better, perfectly continuous contact between the seal 11 and the barrel 2, and thus to overcome imperfections in geometry,
  • increasing the contact pressure between the seal 11 and the barrel 2, and thus limiting the infiltration of gases due to the surface conditions, and
  • to form the decompression cavity 17 which causes any gas leaks to drop in pressure and speed and thus slow down these leaks.

D'une manière générale, on pourrait également envisager que la fixation du joint 11 se fasse à l'extrémité arrière du canon 2, plutôt que de le rendre solidaire de la culasse mobile 3.In general, it could also be envisaged that the fixing of the seal 11 takes place at the rear end of the barrel 2, rather than making it integral with the movable breech 3.

Claims (10)

Dispositif d'étanchéité aux gaz de combustion d'une munition (4) sans douille, monté entre le canon (2) et la chambre (3a) de culasse d'une arme à feu (1) de petit calibre, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un joint (11) qui est constitué : - d'une partie étanchéité (12) de forme annulaire, dont une face d'extrémité forme une surface d'étanchéité axiale (13) destinée à venir en appui sur la face arrière (2a) du canon (2), et qui comporte vers son autre extrémité une lèvre d'étanchéité radiale (14) destinée à venir en appui sur la paroi interne de la chambre de culasse (3a), et - d'une partie refroidissement (15) pour limiter l'échauffement de la partie étanchéité (12) du joint (11) qui est au contact des gaz de combustion. Device for sealing the combustion gases of an ammunition (4) without a cartridge, mounted between the barrel (2) and the chamber (3a) of the breech of a firearm (1) of small caliber, characterized in that '' It includes a seal (11) which is made up of: - A sealing part (12) of annular shape, one end face of which forms an axial sealing surface (13) intended to come to bear on the rear face (2a) of the barrel (2), and which comprises towards its other end a radial sealing lip (14) intended to come to bear on the internal wall of the cylinder head chamber (3a), and - a cooling part (15) to limit the heating of the sealing part (12) of the seal (11) which is in contact with the combustion gases. Dispositif d'étanchéité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le joint (11) est fixé de manière flottante entre le canon (2) et la culasse (3) de manière à pouvoir se déplacer axialement sous l'action de la pression des gaz de combustion.Sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the seal (11) is fixed floatingly between the barrel (2) and the cylinder head (3) so as to be able to move axially under the action of the pressure of the combustion gases. Dispositif d'étanchéité selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la partie refroidissement du joint (11) est de forme annulaire, coaxiale extérieurement à la partie étanchéité (12) du joint et relié à la périphérie de cette dernière par une paroi radiale annulaire (16).Sealing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cooling part of the seal (11) is of annular shape, coaxial outside the seal part (12) of the seal and connected to the periphery of the latter by a wall radial annular (16). Dispositif d'étanchéité selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la position axiale de la paroi de liaison (16) est telle que, côté canon, la partie étanchéité (12), la partie refroidissement (15) et la paroi de liaison (16) du joint délimitent entre elles une cavité de décompression (17) des gaz de combustion.Sealing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the axial position of the connecting wall (16) is such that, on the barrel side, the sealing part (12), the cooling part (15) and the connecting wall ( 16) of the seal define between them a decompression cavity (17) of the combustion gases. Dispositif d'étanchéité selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que la partie refroidissement (15) du joint (11) est destinée à se loger dans un espace annulaire (18) délimité entre la partie arrière du canon (2) et la culasse (3).Sealing device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the cooling part (15) of the seal (11) is intended to be lodge in an annular space (18) delimited between the rear part of the barrel (2) and the breech (3). Dispositif d'étanchéité selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la partie refroidissement (15) du joint est fixée à la culasse (3) par au moins un moyen de liaison (20) s'engageant librement à l'intérieur d'une ouverture oblongue (22) ménagée dans la paroi de la partie refroidissement (15) du joint.Sealing device according to claim 5, characterized in that the cooling part (15) of the seal is fixed to the cylinder head (3) by at least one connecting means (20) freely engaging inside a oblong opening (22) formed in the wall of the cooling part (15) of the seal. Dispositif d'étanchéité selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de liaison (20) est une vis, dont la tête (20a) est bloquée par la culasse (3) et dont la tige (20b) s'engage dans l'ouverture (22) de la partie refroidissement (15) du joint.Sealing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the connecting means (20) is a screw, the head (20a) of which is blocked by the cylinder head (3) and the rod (20b) of which engages in the opening (22) of the cooling part (15) of the seal. Dispositif d'étanchéité selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le joint (11) est fabriqué en un matériau élastiquement déformable et ayant des propriétés thermomécaniques élevées.Sealing device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seal (11) is made of an elastically deformable material and having high thermomechanical properties. Dispositif d'étanchéité selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le joint (11) est fabriqué en acier à ressort.Sealing device according to claim 8, characterized in that the seal (11) is made of spring steel. Dispositif d'étanchéité selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que le joint (11) est monté préserré entre le canon (2) et la culasse (3).Sealing device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the seal (11) is mounted pre-closed between the barrel (2) and the cylinder head (3).
EP95402532A 1994-12-12 1995-11-13 Obturator for caseless ammunition firearm Expired - Lifetime EP0717253B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9414911 1994-12-12
FR9414911A FR2728064A1 (en) 1994-12-12 1994-12-12 SEALING DEVICE FOR FIREARMS HAVING AMMUNITION WITHOUT SOCKET

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0717253A1 true EP0717253A1 (en) 1996-06-19
EP0717253B1 EP0717253B1 (en) 1999-08-25

Family

ID=9469697

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95402532A Expired - Lifetime EP0717253B1 (en) 1994-12-12 1995-11-13 Obturator for caseless ammunition firearm

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5777256A (en)
EP (1) EP0717253B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE183820T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69511667T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2728064A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2862377A1 (en) * 2003-11-14 2005-05-20 Philippe Courty Seal system for firearm chamber taking rounds without shell cases has elastic ring fitting between chamber and piston when breech is closed
EP2639252A1 (en) 2012-03-14 2013-09-18 Sika Technology AG Polymeric accelerator for two component epoxy resin

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19905896A1 (en) * 1999-02-11 2000-08-17 Hilti Ag Gunpowder-driven insertion device, with seal element able to be displaced relative to second part parallel to insertion direction
DE10213928A1 (en) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-09 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh mortar tube
DE102005020669A1 (en) * 2005-05-03 2006-11-09 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Seal, in particular for caseless ammunition
KR101049094B1 (en) 2008-10-16 2011-07-15 국방과학연구소 Chamber exchange type barrel device and bullet wave impact tester having the same
US10030956B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2018-07-24 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Muzzleloader systems
US9329003B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2016-05-03 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Muzzleloader systems
US10605577B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2020-03-31 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Muzzleloader systems
US11668549B2 (en) 2012-09-28 2023-06-06 Federal Cartridge Company Muzzleloader systems
US20140090285A1 (en) * 2012-09-28 2014-04-03 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Muzzleloader and propellant system
USD849874S1 (en) 2018-01-21 2019-05-28 Vista Outdoor Operations Llc Muzzleloader propellant cartridge

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB687826A (en) * 1950-08-23 1953-02-18 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Cartridge chamber seals for automatic firearms
FR1157474A (en) * 1956-08-24 1958-05-29 France Etat Improvements to sealing devices for automatic weapons
US3159938A (en) * 1962-07-27 1964-12-08 Jr John W Treat Gas seal for rotatable cartridge drum
US3762328A (en) * 1969-01-15 1973-10-02 Maremont Corp Caseless ammunition and gun therefor
US3799560A (en) * 1971-03-04 1974-03-26 Gen Electric Firearm chamber seal
EP0251902A1 (en) * 1986-06-25 1988-01-07 ETAT-FRANCAIS représenté par le DELEGUE GENERAL POUR L'ARMEMENT (DPAG) Tube breech block sealing system for guns
GB2233747A (en) * 1989-07-07 1991-01-16 Rheinmetall Gmbh Gun barrel base ring.

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3006254A (en) * 1960-02-17 1961-10-31 Robert J Thierry Self-energizing breech seal for guns
US3626620A (en) * 1969-01-15 1971-12-14 Maremont Corp Gun having a floating firing chamber
US3613500A (en) * 1969-02-18 1971-10-19 Trw Inc Combination projectile guide and firing chamber seal
US3645166A (en) * 1969-07-28 1972-02-29 Gen Motors Corp Obturator for caseless ammunition firearm
DE2435520C3 (en) * 1974-07-24 1979-11-15 Diehl Gmbh & Co, 8500 Nuernberg Bolt seal for large-caliber weapons
US5487232A (en) * 1994-04-26 1996-01-30 The Marlin Firearms Company Detonator assembly

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB687826A (en) * 1950-08-23 1953-02-18 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Cartridge chamber seals for automatic firearms
FR1157474A (en) * 1956-08-24 1958-05-29 France Etat Improvements to sealing devices for automatic weapons
US3159938A (en) * 1962-07-27 1964-12-08 Jr John W Treat Gas seal for rotatable cartridge drum
US3762328A (en) * 1969-01-15 1973-10-02 Maremont Corp Caseless ammunition and gun therefor
US3799560A (en) * 1971-03-04 1974-03-26 Gen Electric Firearm chamber seal
EP0251902A1 (en) * 1986-06-25 1988-01-07 ETAT-FRANCAIS représenté par le DELEGUE GENERAL POUR L'ARMEMENT (DPAG) Tube breech block sealing system for guns
GB2233747A (en) * 1989-07-07 1991-01-16 Rheinmetall Gmbh Gun barrel base ring.

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2862377A1 (en) * 2003-11-14 2005-05-20 Philippe Courty Seal system for firearm chamber taking rounds without shell cases has elastic ring fitting between chamber and piston when breech is closed
EP2639252A1 (en) 2012-03-14 2013-09-18 Sika Technology AG Polymeric accelerator for two component epoxy resin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0717253B1 (en) 1999-08-25
DE69511667T2 (en) 1999-12-16
FR2728064B1 (en) 1997-02-21
FR2728064A1 (en) 1996-06-14
DE69511667D1 (en) 1999-09-30
ATE183820T1 (en) 1999-09-15
US5777256A (en) 1998-07-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0640205B1 (en) Telescoped round-type ammunition case
EP0717253B1 (en) Obturator for caseless ammunition firearm
EP0333542B1 (en) Ammunition for firearms, especially shotgun ammunition
EP0519785B1 (en) Firearm percussion device
BE1013466A6 (en) Rotary projectile and explosive compressed air.
EP0267090B1 (en) Rifle grenade
EP2653821B1 (en) Sound suppressor for firearm
FR2728066A1 (en) ELECTRIC ARC FIRE SYSTEM OF A SOCKETLESS AMMUNITION
EP0107117B1 (en) Hydro-pneumatic recoil brake system with energy recovery for ordnance and hand firearms
WO1992017746A1 (en) Revolver mortar
EP0594482B1 (en) Case for a propellant charge
EP3948145B1 (en) Valve sheath for ct40 cannon
FR2721390A1 (en) Anti-curvature attachment for large-calibre artillery piece barrel
FR2769362A1 (en) TUBULAR WEAPON
EP1103780B1 (en) Connection device between a missile and a cartridge case and method for mounting an obturator bei means of said device
CA1334908C (en) Shell fin deployment device
EP0030051A1 (en) Rifle grenade
FR2927417A1 (en) OBUS OF DISPERSION OF PROJECTILES
BE1003971A3 (en) Improvements shooting.
FR2708097A1 (en) Sealing belt for a projectile of medium and large calibre
FR2702554A1 (en) Ammunition, particularly for a large-calibre weapon
FR2789733A1 (en) SOLID PROPERGOL ROCKET MOTOR WITH IMPROVED SAFETY AGAINST THERMAL AGGRESSIONS
FR2665760A1 (en) Projectile-enclosing shoes
BE1003265A3 (en) Improvement of semi-automatic hunting firearms
FR2465182A1 (en) Sub-calibre tube for firearm - has central firing pin chamber inclined to bore with curved connection to it

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT DE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19960719

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19980407

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT DE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 183820

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19990915

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69511667

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19990930

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20001030

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20011029

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020702

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20021113