EP0712140B1 - Stufenschalter - Google Patents

Stufenschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0712140B1
EP0712140B1 EP95115762A EP95115762A EP0712140B1 EP 0712140 B1 EP0712140 B1 EP 0712140B1 EP 95115762 A EP95115762 A EP 95115762A EP 95115762 A EP95115762 A EP 95115762A EP 0712140 B1 EP0712140 B1 EP 0712140B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
oscillator
phase
skv
selector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95115762A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0712140A2 (de
EP0712140A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow
Inventor
Hans-Henning Dipl.-Ing. Lessmann-Mieske
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Publication of EP0712140A2 publication Critical patent/EP0712140A2/de
Publication of EP0712140A3 publication Critical patent/EP0712140A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0712140B1 publication Critical patent/EP0712140B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H2009/0061—Monitoring tap change switching devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tap changer according to the preamble of claim 1. Such tap changers are known from DE-OS 23 21 369. The invention further relates to a method for monitoring such a tap changer.
  • Such a known tap changer has, for each phase, fixed contacts arranged in a circle in at least one plane, each of which is electrically connected to taps of a tap winding of a tap transformer.
  • These fixed contacts can be wired on each level by two movable selector contacts, the first movable selector contact as a switch contact being connected to the load discharge via a first vacuum switch that switches the load current, and the second movable selector contact as an auxiliary contact via a series circuit comprising a second vacuum switch, which switches the compensating current, and at least one transition resistor is connected to the load discharge.
  • the two movable selector contacts are arranged on a common selector arm and are moved together.
  • the vacuum switches used in the step switches of the generic type are advantageous because of their absence of burn-off and the resulting avoidance of pollution of the insulating medium surrounding them and because of the high number of switching cycles that can be achieved, but they offer no security against the re-ignition of arcs when the vacuum switch that switches the load current is switched off, and a vacuum loss this switch or other errors.
  • an arc is formed during the switchover process between the respective movable selector contact and the fixed contact, which it then leaves without a previous power cut-off.
  • safety devices which only detect the failure of a vacuum switch and which implement the required current shutdown by detouring the transformer shutdown by means of a circuit breaker; However, due to the high circuit breaker intrinsic times, these are too slow to initiate a stage short circuit due to e.g. Avoid pulling the arc directly from one fixed contact to the other.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a generic tap changer that can easily detect the use of the mechanical emergency switching path, i.e. the mechanical selector contacts, as an indication of a fault in the vacuum switch arranged in the respective selector arm.
  • the invention takes advantage of the fact that, in the case of a step switch of the generic type, the corresponding movable selector contact only leaves the fixed contact a certain time after the galvanic isolation of the corresponding vacuum switch in the selector branch. As a result, there is a certain period of time in which, after the switching operation of the vacuum switch has ended, the associated mechanical selector contact is still connected to the fixed contact. In this state, a voltage signal is present between the movable selector contacts, which is converted into an RF signal as a transmitter via the RF oscillator interposed according to the invention and which can be received by the receiver arranged in the area of the tap changer according to the invention.
  • the antenna of the receiver in the tap changer head in order to avoid the electrical shielding effect caused by the metallic tap changer head and to provide the actual receiving part outside the tap changer. If a vacuum switch fails, the RF oscillator is short-circuited by the two vacuum switches and emits no signal. It is particularly advantageous in the solution according to the invention that, despite the use of an electrical detection method, the problem of the phase spacings and the earth spacing in the tap changer can be elegantly solved, since no fixed electrical connection to the outside is required.
  • the invention does not detect the broadband RF signals generated by the arc itself, rather a separate, selectable RF frequency is generated by the RF oscillator arranged in each phase between the vacuum switches on the side facing away from the lead. It is easily possible to arrange the RF oscillator on one of the selector arms. A high-impedance RF oscillator with a power of approximately 1 W is particularly advantageously used.
  • the voltages appearing on the detection path are in a wide range.
  • One possible example is a series connection of a high-resistance resistor and a varistor, the HF oscillator being supplied via the voltage applied to the varistor.
  • This transmitter pattern is, provided that the vacuum switch is functional, depending on the design of the tap changer, i.e. its underlying circuit and the switching sequence, the order in which the switching contact and auxiliary contact are moved, and whether they can be moved independently of one another or pivoted together on a single selector arm will.
  • This transmission pattern can be stored in a non-volatile stored in a comparison device. During the switching process, this switch-typical transmission pattern is compared with the actual transmission pattern that has been received by the RF receiver in this comparison device.
  • Fig. 3 shows a first generic tap changer.
  • both selector arms can be moved independently of one another; the switch contact SKM moves forward in a jump, the auxiliary contact HKM follows, also moved in a jump, after.
  • These relationships and the movement sequences of the two selector arms, namely the switch contact SKM and the auxiliary contact HKM, as well as the two vacuum switches, namely the first vacuum switch SKV and the second vacuum switch HKV, can be seen from the switching sequence.
  • 1 shows the sequence of a changeover in such a tap changer which has been further developed according to the invention in three temporal phases.
  • an HF oscillator (transmitter) S is arranged on the side facing away from the lead between the two vacuum switches SKV, HKV.
  • the RF oscillator S receives its voltage required for operation via a varistor which is arranged in series with a resistor between the two selector arms.
  • SKV has already been interrupted in phase a of the switchover, but the mechanical contact SKM has not yet left the previous fixed contact.
  • the voltage I L x R is present between points A and B. If SKV is defective, this voltage is missing.
  • phase b SKM has already reached the new fixed contact, but SKV is still interrupted. At this time, a voltage U S +/- I L xR is present between A and B.
  • phase c SKV is closed and HKV is open.
  • the step voltage U S is usually present between points A and B; if HKV is defective, this voltage is missing.
  • FIGS 4 u. 5 show a second generic tap changer, as is known for example from WO 94/02955.
  • the auxiliary contact HKM runs slowly, preselecting the new fixed contact, and the switch contact SKM springs back.
  • the switching sequence that occurs during a switchover is also shown here. 6 in turn shows this tap changer further developed according to the invention. In this case, there are only two detection times.
  • phase a the auxiliary contact HKM has already reached the new fixed contact, but HKV is still open. With a functional vacuum switch HKV, the step voltage U S is present between A and B.
  • HKV is defective and an electrical breakdown in the HKV has occurred due to the return voltage U S , this voltage is not present.
  • phase b with the HKM and SKM in the same position, the HKV vacuum switch is closed and the SKV is open. If SKV is OK, the voltage U S +/- I L xR is present between points A and B. If SKV is defective, this voltage is missing.
  • Fig. 7 shows the corresponding transmit pattern again. It can be seen that in the event of an error, a changed transmission pattern is created, the change here being able to consist both of a smaller number of pulse intervals and of different lengths.
  • the tap changer according to the invention makes it possible in each case to check the correct function of each of the two vacuum switches SKV, HKV with each changeover.
  • the comparison device it not only permits the detection of defects in the vacuum switches used, ie the use of the emergency switching routes, but can also provide the following additional information about the switch function for each phase separately.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
EP95115762A 1994-11-08 1995-10-06 Stufenschalter Expired - Lifetime EP0712140B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4439813A DE4439813C1 (de) 1994-11-08 1994-11-08 Stufenschalter und Verfahren zu dessen Überwachung
DE4439813 1994-11-08

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0712140A2 EP0712140A2 (de) 1996-05-15
EP0712140A3 EP0712140A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1996-06-05
EP0712140B1 true EP0712140B1 (de) 1997-07-09

Family

ID=6532743

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95115762A Expired - Lifetime EP0712140B1 (de) 1994-11-08 1995-10-06 Stufenschalter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0712140B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE155280T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE4439813C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2106607T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1766667B (zh) * 2004-10-28 2010-04-14 赖茵豪森机械制造公司 测量负载多点开关上开关时间的方法和开关时间测量电路

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006004527A1 (en) 2004-06-30 2006-01-12 Abb Research Ltd. A diverter switch, a method for operating such a switch and use of such a switch
DE102011116158A1 (de) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter
WO2016205903A1 (pt) * 2015-06-22 2016-12-29 De Araújo Adilson Nogueira Estabilizadores reguladores de tensão sem reatores de transição e chave inversora de polaridade do comutador de derivacões
CN108695083B (zh) * 2017-04-07 2021-03-05 王守国 一种小型化智能型有载调压开关
DE102018113982B4 (de) * 2018-06-12 2023-09-28 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter und verfahren zur betätigung eines laststufenschalters

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2125296A1 (de) * 1971-05-17 1972-11-30 Siemens Ag Vakuumschalter mit doppelter Unterbrechung
DE2321369A1 (de) * 1973-04-27 1974-11-07 Transformatoren Union Ag Lastwaehler fuer stufenschalter von transformatoren und drosseln
JPS6154611A (ja) * 1984-08-27 1986-03-18 Toshiba Corp 負荷時タツプ切換器
JPS6249610A (ja) * 1985-08-29 1987-03-04 Toshiba Corp 負荷時タツプ切換器
DE3833126C2 (de) * 1988-09-29 1995-11-30 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Lastwähler für Stufentransformatoren
DE4009038A1 (de) * 1990-03-21 1991-09-26 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Verfahren und anordnung fuer ein ueberwachungssystem fuer stufenschalter von stufentransformatoren
JPH0584656A (ja) 1991-09-27 1993-04-06 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 磁性流体研磨方法
DE4223439C1 (de) * 1992-07-16 1994-03-17 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Lastwähler für Stufenschalter an Stufentransformatoren
HU215624B (hu) * 1992-07-16 1999-01-28 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh. Fokozatkapcsoló

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1766667B (zh) * 2004-10-28 2010-04-14 赖茵豪森机械制造公司 测量负载多点开关上开关时间的方法和开关时间测量电路

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0712140A2 (de) 1996-05-15
ATE155280T1 (de) 1997-07-15
DE4439813C1 (de) 1996-06-20
ES2106607T3 (es) 1997-11-01
EP0712140A3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1996-06-05
DE59500364D1 (de) 1997-08-14

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