EP0711614A1 - Method for assembling two metal banks - Google Patents

Method for assembling two metal banks Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0711614A1
EP0711614A1 EP95401925A EP95401925A EP0711614A1 EP 0711614 A1 EP0711614 A1 EP 0711614A1 EP 95401925 A EP95401925 A EP 95401925A EP 95401925 A EP95401925 A EP 95401925A EP 0711614 A1 EP0711614 A1 EP 0711614A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
blanks
punch
coating
die
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95401925A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0711614B1 (en
Inventor
Thierry Marquais
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Sollac SA
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Sollac SA
Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC
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Publication of EP0711614A1 publication Critical patent/EP0711614A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
    • B21D39/031—Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of assembling two sheet metal blanks, at least one of which is coated on at least one of its faces with a metallic coating, or two sheet metal blanks coated on at least one of their faces d '' a metallic coating.
  • a clinched point The mechanical strength of such an assembly point, called a clinched point, is sometimes considered to be too weak, especially in pure traction.
  • the mechanical resistance in pure tension of a clinched point is of the order of 80 to 140 DaN depending on the technology and the tools used, and the mechanical resistance d '' a clinched point in tension-shear is of the order of 150 to 280 DaN, always according to the technology and the tools used.
  • the main drawback of this assembly technique is its resistance to corrosion.
  • the technique consists, using a punch and a die, to make two stampings so as to form, in each of the sheets from one side, a cavity and on the other side a projection, the projection of the first sheet being inserted into the cavity of the second sheet, said cavity of the second sheet having, in the vicinity of its bottom, a widening while the projection of the first sheet has a flare housed in said widening.
  • corrosion agents such as for example simply humidity, or water, which will stagnate and promote corrosion of the sheets at the level of the assembly point.
  • Another solution for joining two sheet metal blanks is to use the resistance welding technique.
  • the two blanks to be assembled are placed in overlap and a welded point is produced by passing a welding current between two electrodes located opposite each other of the blanks.
  • Such a welded point has very good mechanical strength, greater than 300 DaN in pure tension and in shear tension.
  • the welding causes a burning of said coating which is detrimental to the corrosion resistance of the sheet blanks at the welded points.
  • the spot resistance welding technique requires that the sheet blanks to be joined overlap at least 20 mm. This is what is known in the automotive field as the fallen edge, and it turns out that a fallen edge of 20 mm is penalizing in the automobile.
  • the spot resistance welding technique is a technique which requires a large amount of energy, the electric current required for welding being of the order of 10 kA, or even more, which generates a significant cost.
  • the coating pollutes the welding electrodes, thus reducing their service life.
  • the subject of the present invention is a method of assembling two sheet metal blanks whose mechanical strength of the assembly points is greater than that of the so-called clinched points, and which does not have the drawbacks linked to the technique of resistance welding by points.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a method of assembling two sheet metal blanks, at least one of which is coated on at least one of its faces with a metallic coating, characterized in that the two sheet metal blanks are superimposed so that the coated side of the coated sheet blank is in contact with one side of the other sheet blank, and at least one assembly point by cold creep is produced of the type in which the two sheet blanks are practiced simultaneously using a punch and a die a cavity, for example circular, said cavities being thus housed one inside the other and having in the vicinity of the bottom a widening, by passing between the punch and the die an electric current of brazing of said assembly point.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of assembling two blanks of metal sheet coated on at least one of their faces with a metallic coating, characterized in that the two blanks of sheet metal are superposed so that one side coated with the first sheet blank is in contact with a coated side of the other sheet blank, and at least one assembly point is produced by cold creep of the type in which the two sheet blanks are used simultaneously using of a punch and of a matrix a cavity, for example circular, said cavities being thus housed one inside the other and having in the vicinity of the bottom an enlargement, by passing between the punch and the matrix an electric current of brazing of said assembly point.
  • the invention relates to a method of assembling two metal blanks 1, 2, at least one of which is coated on at least one of its faces with a metallic coating.
  • the two sheet blanks 1 and 2 are each coated on one of their faces with a layer of metallic coating, respectively 4 and 5.
  • one or both sheet metal blanks 1, 2 can be coated on both sides with a layer of metallic coating.
  • the first step of the assembly process consists in superimposing the two sheet blanks 1, 2.
  • the two sheet blanks 1, 2 are coated on one of their faces with a metal coating layer 4, 5, the two sheet blanks 1, 2 are superimposed so that the face of the first sheet blank 1 provided with the metal coating layer 4 is in contact with the face of the second sheet blank 2 provided with the metal coating layer 5.
  • the second step of the assembly process according to the invention consists in producing at least one assembly point by cold creep of the type in which one simultaneously practices in the two sheet blanks using a punch and a matrix a cavity, for example circular, rectangular or other, said cavities being thus housed one inside the other and having in the vicinity of the bottom an enlargement, by passing between the punch and the matrix an electric current of brazing of said point assembly when said punch is at the end of the stroke.
  • the two sheet blanks 1 and 2 are placed in a device for producing an assembly point by cold flow, that is to say between a matrix 6 and a clamping device.
  • This phase is usually called the matting phase of the two sheet blanks.
  • the device for forming the assembly point must comprise a punch and a matrix both conductors of electricity, the punch being electrically isolated from the punch holder (not shown) and the matrix from the matrix holder (not shown), an electric current generator (not shown) and an electrical contactor system at the punch and the die (not shown).
  • the aim is that by the Joule effect due to the passage of current between the punch 8 and the die 6, therefore at the interface between the two sheets, a brazing point 12 is created of the two sheet blanks 1 and 2, the layer of metal coating 3, 4 or 5 serving as brazing, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the intensity of the brazing current must be such that it makes it possible to obtain, in the assembly point at the interface between the two sheet blanks 1 and 2, by the Joule effect, a temperature between the melting temperature of the metal coating 3, 4, 5 minus 20% and the melting temperature of said coating.
  • the intensity of the brazing current must be such that it makes it possible to obtain in the assembly point at the interface between the two sheet blanks 1 and 2, by the Joule effect, a temperature comprised between the melting temperature of the metal coating 3, 4, 5 minus 20% and the melting temperature of said coating. minus 10%.
  • the method according to the invention as described above is particularly effective for the assembly of two steel sheet blanks, at least one of which is coated on at least one of its faces with a coating based on the one or more elements among zinc, aluminum, nickel and their alloys, and when the two sheet blanks are coated on at least one of their faces with an identical metallic coating.
  • a first sample was made by performing an assembly point according to the prior art, said clinched point and a second sample was made by performing an assembly point according to the invention by passing between the punch and the die when the punch is at the end of the stroke an electric current of 1 kA for 1 second.
  • the two assembly points were made with punches and dies of identical shape and with force exerted between the punch and the matrix also identical.
  • the shear tensile strength of the assembly point of the prior art is equal to 170 DaN, it is equal to 265 DaN for the assembly point according to the invention, ie a gain of more than 50%.
  • the advantage of the joining method according to the invention is that it allows the dropped edge to be reduced to a value of 12 to 15 mm compared to the 20 mm necessary for make a welded stitch.
  • the electrical intensity required is at least ten times less, which has a significant economic advantage.
  • the method of assembling two sheet blanks according to the invention finds particular application in the field of household appliances and the automobile.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Connections Effected By Soldering, Adhesion, Or Permanent Deformation (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The procedure, esp. for joining two sheet components where at least one has a metal coating, consists of placing the two sheets together so that the coating is on the inside and forming at least one fastening point by a cold creep procedure. The next step is using a die (8) and a matrix (6) to form a cavity with an enlarged base, and passing an electric brazing current between the die and matrix when the die is at the end of its travel. The electric current is designed to produce a temperature between the two sheet components which lies between the fusion temperature of the metal coating less 20 per cent and the fusion temperature of the coating. The metal coating is based on one or more elements selected from zinc, aluminium, nickel and their alloys.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'assemblage de deux flans de tôle métallique dont un au moins est revêtu sur au moins une de ses faces d'un revêtement métallique, ou de deux flans de tôle métallique revêtus sur au moins une de leurs faces d'un revêtement métallique.The present invention relates to a method of assembling two sheet metal blanks, at least one of which is coated on at least one of its faces with a metallic coating, or two sheet metal blanks coated on at least one of their faces d '' a metallic coating.

Il est connu pour assembler deux flans de tôle métallique de superposer les deux flans de tôle et de réaliser au moins un point d'assemblage par fluage à froid du type dans lequel on pratique simultanément dans les deux flans de tôle à l'aide d'un poinçon et d'une matrice une cavité circulaire, lesdites cavités étant ainsi logées l'une dans l'autre et présentant au voisinage du fond un élargissement.It is known to assemble two blanks of metal sheet to superimpose the two blanks of sheet metal and to produce at least one assembly point by cold creep of the type in which one simultaneously practices in the two blanks of sheet metal using a punch and a die a circular cavity, said cavities being thus housed one inside the other and having in the vicinity of the bottom an enlargement.

Cette technique d'assemblage mécanique de deux flans de tôle est connue sous le nom de clinchage, et est très souvent utilisée dans le domaine de l'électroménager ainsi que dans le domaine automobile, dans le cadre de l'assemblage de pièces non visibles.This technique of mechanical assembly of two sheet blanks is known as clinching, and is very often used in the field of household appliances as well as in the automotive field, in the context of the assembly of non-visible parts.

La tenue mécanique d'un tel point d'assemblage, appelé point clinché, est parfois considérée comme trop faible, surtout en traction pure. Par exemple, pour des tôles galvanisées de 0,8 mm d'épaisseur, la tenue mécanique en traction pure d'un point clinché est de l'ordre de 80 à 140 DaN selon la technologie et les outils utilisés, et la tenue mécanique d'un point clinché en traction-cisaillement est de l'ordre de 150 à 280 DaN, toujours selon la technologie et les outils utilisés.The mechanical strength of such an assembly point, called a clinched point, is sometimes considered to be too weak, especially in pure traction. For example, for 0.8 mm thick galvanized sheets, the mechanical resistance in pure tension of a clinched point is of the order of 80 to 140 DaN depending on the technology and the tools used, and the mechanical resistance d '' a clinched point in tension-shear is of the order of 150 to 280 DaN, always according to the technology and the tools used.

L'inconvénient principal de cette technique d'assemblage est sa tenue à la corrosion. En effet, la technique consiste, à l'aide d'un poinçon et d'une matrice, à réaliser deux emboutis de manière à former, dans chacune des tôles à partir d'une face, une cavité et sur l'autre face une saillie, la saillie de la première tôle étant insérée dans la cavité de la seconde tôle, ladite cavité de la seconde tôle présentant, au voisinage de son fond, un élargissement tandis que la saillie de la première tôle comporte un évasement logé dans ledit élargissement. Entre la saillie de la première tôle et la cavité de la seconde tôle peuvent pénétrer des agents de corrosion, tels que par exemple tout simplement de l'humidité, ou de l'eau, qui vont stagner et favoriser la corrosion des tôles au niveau du point d'assemblage.The main drawback of this assembly technique is its resistance to corrosion. Indeed, the technique consists, using a punch and a die, to make two stampings so as to form, in each of the sheets from one side, a cavity and on the other side a projection, the projection of the first sheet being inserted into the cavity of the second sheet, said cavity of the second sheet having, in the vicinity of its bottom, a widening while the projection of the first sheet has a flare housed in said widening. Between the projection of the first sheet and the cavity of the second sheet can penetrate corrosion agents, such as for example simply humidity, or water, which will stagnate and promote corrosion of the sheets at the level of the assembly point.

Une autre solution pour assembler deux flans de tôle métallique consiste à utiliser la technique du soudage par résistance.Another solution for joining two sheet metal blanks is to use the resistance welding technique.

Pour cela on place les deux flans à assembler en recouvrement et on réalise un point soudé en faisant passer un courant de soudage entre deux électrodes situées en vis-à-vis de part et d'autre des flans.For this, the two blanks to be assembled are placed in overlap and a welded point is produced by passing a welding current between two electrodes located opposite each other of the blanks.

Un tel point soudé présente une très bonne tenue mécanique, supérieure à 300 DaN en traction pure et en traction cisaillement.Such a welded point has very good mechanical strength, greater than 300 DaN in pure tension and in shear tension.

En revanche cette technique présente quelques inconvénients.However, this technique has some drawbacks.

Lorsque les flans de tôle sont revêtus, par exemple d'un revêtement anticorrosion, le soudage provoque un brûlage dudit revêtement ce qui est préjudiciable à la tenue à la corrosion des flans de tôle au niveau des points soudés.When the sheet blanks are coated, for example with an anticorrosion coating, the welding causes a burning of said coating which is detrimental to the corrosion resistance of the sheet blanks at the welded points.

La technique du soudage par résistance par point nécessite que les flans de tôle à assembler soient en recouvrement sur au moins 20 mm. C'est ce que l'on appelle dans le domaine automobile le bord tombé, et il s'avère qu'un bord tombé de 20 mm est pénalisant dans l'automobile.The spot resistance welding technique requires that the sheet blanks to be joined overlap at least 20 mm. This is what is known in the automotive field as the fallen edge, and it turns out that a fallen edge of 20 mm is penalizing in the automobile.

Enfin, la technique du soudage par résistance par point est une technique qui nécessite une grande quantité d'énergie, l'intensité électrique nécessaire au soudage étant de l'ordre de 10 kA, voire plus, ce qui engendre un coût important.Finally, the spot resistance welding technique is a technique which requires a large amount of energy, the electric current required for welding being of the order of 10 kA, or even more, which generates a significant cost.

De plus, lorsque les flans de tôle dont revêtus sur les deux faces ou que les faces revêtues sont les faces extérieures de l'assemblage, le revêtement pollue les électrodes de soudage, diminuant ainsi leur durée de vie.In addition, when the sheet blanks of which coated on the two faces or that the coated faces are the external faces of the assembly, the coating pollutes the welding electrodes, thus reducing their service life.

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé d'assemblage de deux flans de tôle dont la tenue mécanique des points d'assemblage est supérieure à celle des points dits clinchés, et qui ne présente pas les inconvénients liés à la technique du soudage par résistance par points.The subject of the present invention is a method of assembling two sheet metal blanks whose mechanical strength of the assembly points is greater than that of the so-called clinched points, and which does not have the drawbacks linked to the technique of resistance welding by points.

La présente invention concerne plus particulièrement un procédé d'assemblage de deux flans de tôle métallique dont un au moins est revêtu sur au moins une de ses faces d'un revêtement métallique, caractérisé en ce qu'on superpose les deux flans de tôle de manière que la face revêtue du flan de tôle revêtu soit en contact avec une face de l'autre flan de tôle, et on réalise au moins un point d'assemblage par fluage à froid du type dans lequel on pratique simultanément dans les deux flans de tôle à l'aide d'un poinçon et d'une matrice une cavité, par exemple circulaire, lesdites cavités étant ainsi logées l'une dans l'autre et présentant au voisinage du fond un élargissement, en faisant passer entre le poinçon et la matrice un courant électrique de brasage dudit point d'assemblage.The present invention relates more particularly to a method of assembling two sheet metal blanks, at least one of which is coated on at least one of its faces with a metallic coating, characterized in that the two sheet metal blanks are superimposed so that the coated side of the coated sheet blank is in contact with one side of the other sheet blank, and at least one assembly point by cold creep is produced of the type in which the two sheet blanks are practiced simultaneously using a punch and a die a cavity, for example circular, said cavities being thus housed one inside the other and having in the vicinity of the bottom a widening, by passing between the punch and the die an electric current of brazing of said assembly point.

La présente invention concerne également un procédé d'assemblage de deux flans de tôle métallique revêtus sur au moins une de leurs faces d'un revêtement métallique, caractérisé en ce qu'on superpose les deux flans de tôle de manière qu'une face revêtue du premier flan de tôle soit en contact avec une face revêtue de l'autre flan de tôle, et on réalise au moins un point d'assemblage par fluage à froid du type dans lequel on pratique simultanément dans les deux flans de tôle à l'aide d'un poinçon et d'une matrice une cavité, par exemple circulaire, lesdites cavités étant ainsi logées l'une dans l'autre et présentant au voisinage du fond un élargissement, en faisant passer entre le poinçon et la matrice un courant électrique de brasage dudit point d'assemblage.The present invention also relates to a method of assembling two blanks of metal sheet coated on at least one of their faces with a metallic coating, characterized in that the two blanks of sheet metal are superposed so that one side coated with the first sheet blank is in contact with a coated side of the other sheet blank, and at least one assembly point is produced by cold creep of the type in which the two sheet blanks are used simultaneously using of a punch and of a matrix a cavity, for example circular, said cavities being thus housed one inside the other and having in the vicinity of the bottom an enlargement, by passing between the punch and the matrix an electric current of brazing of said assembly point.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • on fait passer le courant électrique de brasage entre le poinçon et la matrice lorsque ledit poinçon est en fin de course,
  • l'intensité du courant électrique de brasage est telle qu'elle permet d'obtenir dans le point d'assemblage à l'interface entre les deux flans de tôle, par effet Joule, une température comprise entre la température de fusion du revêtement métallique moins 20 % et la température de fusion du revêtement métallique, de préférence comprise entre la température de fusion du revêtement métallique moins 20 % et la température de fusion du revêtement métallique moins 10 %,
  • le revêtement métallique est un revêtement à base de l'un ou plusieurs éléments parmi le zinc, l'aluminium, le nickel et leurs alliages.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the electric brazing current is passed between the punch and the die when said punch is at the end of its travel,
  • the intensity of the electric brazing current is such that it makes it possible to obtain, in the assembly point at the interface between the two sheet blanks, by the Joule effect, a temperature between the melting temperature of the metal coating minus 20% and the melting temperature of the metallic coating, preferably between the melting temperature of the metallic coating minus 20% and the melting temperature of the metallic coating minus 10%,
  • the metallic coating is a coating based on one or more elements among zinc, aluminum, nickel and their alloys.

Les caractéristiques et avantages apparaîtront mieux à la suite de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, faite en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • les figures 1 à 3 représentent trois étapes de réalisation d'un point d'assemblage de deux flans de tôle selon le procédé de l'invention,
  • la figure 4 représente une vue en perspective coupée d'un point d'assemblage selon l'invention.
The characteristics and advantages will become more clearly apparent from the following description, given solely by way of example, made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 represent three stages in the production of an assembly point for two sheet metal blanks according to the method of the invention,
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective view cut from an assembly point according to the invention.

L'invention a pour objet un procédé d'assemblage de deux flans métallique 1, 2, dont un au moins est revêtu sur au moins une de ses faces d'un revêtement métallique.The invention relates to a method of assembling two metal blanks 1, 2, at least one of which is coated on at least one of its faces with a metallic coating.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 à 3, seul le flan de tôle 1 est revêtu d'une couche 3 de revêtement métallique, le flan de tôle 2 étant nu.In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3, only the sheet blank 1 is coated with a layer 3 of metal coating, the sheet blank 2 being bare.

En revanche dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté sur la figure 4, les deux flans de tôle 1 et 2 sont chacun revêtus sur une de leurs faces d'une couche de revêtement métallique, respectivement 4 et 5.On the other hand, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the two sheet blanks 1 and 2 are each coated on one of their faces with a layer of metallic coating, respectively 4 and 5.

Il est bien évident que l'un ou les deux flans de tôle 1, 2 peuvent être revêtus sur leurs deux faces d'une couche de revêtement métallique.It is obvious that one or both sheet metal blanks 1, 2 can be coated on both sides with a layer of metallic coating.

La première étape du procédé d'assemblage consiste à superposer les deux flans de tôle 1, 2.The first step of the assembly process consists in superimposing the two sheet blanks 1, 2.

Lorsqu'un seul des deux flans de tôle 1, 2 est revêtu d'une couche 3 de revêtement métallique, on superpose les deux flans de tôle de manière que la face revêtue du flan de tôle revêtu 1 soit en contact avec une face de l'autre flan de tôle 2.When only one of the two sheet blanks 1, 2 is coated with a layer 3 of metallic coating, the two sheet blanks are superimposed so that the coated side of the coated sheet blank 1 is in contact with one side of the other sheet blank 2.

Lorsque les deux flans de tôle 1, 2 sont revêtus sur l'une de leurs faces d'une couche de revêtement métallique 4, 5, on superpose les deux flans de tôle 1, 2 de manière que la face du premier flan de tôle 1 munie de la couche de revêtement métallique 4 soit en contact avec la face du second flan de tôle 2 munie de la couche de revêtement métallique 5.When the two sheet blanks 1, 2 are coated on one of their faces with a metal coating layer 4, 5, the two sheet blanks 1, 2 are superimposed so that the face of the first sheet blank 1 provided with the metal coating layer 4 is in contact with the face of the second sheet blank 2 provided with the metal coating layer 5.

La seconde étape du procédé d'assemblage selon l'invention consiste à réaliser au moins un point d'assemblage par fluage à froid du type dans lequel on pratique simultanément dans les deux flans de tôle à l'aide d'un poinçon et d'une matrice une cavité, par exemple circulaire, rectangulaire ou autre, lesdites cavités étant ainsi logées l'une dans l'autre et présentant au voisinage du fond un élargissement, en faisant passer entre le poinçon et la matrice un courant électrique de brasage dudit point d'assemblage lorsque ledit poinçon est en fin de course.The second step of the assembly process according to the invention consists in producing at least one assembly point by cold creep of the type in which one simultaneously practices in the two sheet blanks using a punch and a matrix a cavity, for example circular, rectangular or other, said cavities being thus housed one inside the other and having in the vicinity of the bottom an enlargement, by passing between the punch and the matrix an electric current of brazing of said point assembly when said punch is at the end of the stroke.

Cette seconde étape de réalisation d'un point d'assemblage est détaillée sur les figures 1 à 3.This second step of producing an assembly point is detailed in FIGS. 1 to 3.

Comme on le voit sur la figure 1, les deux flans de tôle 1 et 2 sont placés dans un dispositif de réalisation d'un point d'assemblage par fluage à froid, c'est à dire entre une matrice 6 et un dispositif serre-flan 7 - poinçon 8.As can be seen in FIG. 1, the two sheet blanks 1 and 2 are placed in a device for producing an assembly point by cold flow, that is to say between a matrix 6 and a clamping device. blank 7 - punch 8.

Les deux flans de tôle 1, 2 étant maintenus entre le serre-flan 7 et la matrice 6, on descend le poinçon 8 pour former dans chacun des flans de tôle 1, 2 une cavité, circulaire dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté, respectivement 9, 10, lesdites cavités étant logées l'une dans l'autre, comme représenté sur la figure 2.The two sheet blanks 1, 2 being held between the blank holder 7 and the die 6, the punch 8 is lowered to form in each of the sheet blanks 1, 2 a cavity, circular in the embodiment shown, respectively 9, 10, said cavities being housed one inside the other, as shown in FIG. 2.

On continue ensuite à descendre le poinçon 8 afin de continuer à former les cavités 9, 10 de manière à ce que, par fluage à froid du métal, elles présentent au voisinage de leur fond un élargissement 11, comme représenté sur la figure 3. Cette phase est habituellement appelée phase de matage des deux flans de tôle.Then continue to descend the punch 8 in order to continue to form the cavities 9, 10 so that, by cold creep of the metal, they have in the vicinity of their bottom an enlargement 11, as shown in Figure 3. This phase is usually called the matting phase of the two sheet blanks.

Lorsque le poinçon est en fin de course et que le point d'assemblage est quasiment réalisé, c'est à dire pendant la phase de matage des deux flans de tôle 1 et 2, on fait passer un courant électrique de brasage dudit point d'assemblage entre le poinçon 8 et la matrice 6.When the punch is at the end of its travel and the assembly point is almost completed, that is to say during the matting phase of the two sheet blanks 1 and 2, an electric current for brazing of said point is passed through. assembly between the punch 8 and the die 6.

Pour cela, le dispositif de formation du point d'assemblage doit comporter un poinçon et une matrice tous deux conducteurs de l'électricité, le poinçon étant isolé électriquement du porte poinçon (non représenté) et la matrice du porte matrice (non représentée), un générateur de courant électrique (non représenté) et un système de contacteurs électriques au niveau du poinçon et de la matrice (non représenté).For this, the device for forming the assembly point must comprise a punch and a matrix both conductors of electricity, the punch being electrically isolated from the punch holder (not shown) and the matrix from the matrix holder (not shown), an electric current generator (not shown) and an electrical contactor system at the punch and the die (not shown).

Le but poursuivi est que par effet Joule dû au passage du courant entre le poinçon 8 et la matrice 6, donc à l'interface entre les deux tôles, on crée un point de brasage 12 des deux flans de tôle 1 et 2, la couche de revêtement métallique 3, 4 ou 5 servant de brasure, comme on l'a représenté sur la figure 4.The aim is that by the Joule effect due to the passage of current between the punch 8 and the die 6, therefore at the interface between the two sheets, a brazing point 12 is created of the two sheet blanks 1 and 2, the layer of metal coating 3, 4 or 5 serving as brazing, as shown in FIG. 4.

Pour cela, il faut que l'intensité du courant de brasage soit telle qu'elle permet d'obtenir dans le point d'assemblage à l'interface entre les deux flans de tôle 1 et 2, par effet Joule, une température comprise entre la température de fusion du revêtement métallique 3, 4, 5 moins 20 % et la température de fusion dudit revêtement.For this, the intensity of the brazing current must be such that it makes it possible to obtain, in the assembly point at the interface between the two sheet blanks 1 and 2, by the Joule effect, a temperature between the melting temperature of the metal coating 3, 4, 5 minus 20% and the melting temperature of said coating.

De manière préférentielle, il faut que l'intensité du courant de brasage soit telle qu'elle permet d'obtenir dans le point d'assemblage à l'interface entre les deux flans de tôle 1 et 2, par effet Joule, une température comprise entre la température de fusion du revêtement métallique 3, 4, 5 moins 20 % et la température de fusion dudit revêtement. moins 10 %.Preferably, the intensity of the brazing current must be such that it makes it possible to obtain in the assembly point at the interface between the two sheet blanks 1 and 2, by the Joule effect, a temperature comprised between the melting temperature of the metal coating 3, 4, 5 minus 20% and the melting temperature of said coating. minus 10%.

Connaissant l'épaisseur des flans de tôle 1, 2 et de leur couche de revêtement 3, 4, 5 le cas échéant, ainsi que la résistivité du matériau constitutif desdits flans de tôle et de leur revêtement, et les paramètres de l'installation, il est aisé de calculer l'intensité nécessaire pour satisfaire ces conditions.Knowing the thickness of the sheet blanks 1, 2 and their coating layer 3, 4, 5 if necessary, as well as the resistivity of the material of said sheet blanks and their coating, and the parameters of installation, it is easy to calculate the intensity necessary to satisfy these conditions.

Le procédé selon l'invention tel que décrit ci-avant est particulièrement efficace pour l'assemblage de deux flans de tôle en acier dont l'un au moins est revêtu sur au moins une de ses faces d'un revêtement à base de l'un ou plusieurs éléments parmi le zinc, l'aluminium, le nickel et leurs alliages, et lorsque les deux flans de tôle sont revêtus sur au moins une de leurs faces d'un revêtement métallique identique.The method according to the invention as described above is particularly effective for the assembly of two steel sheet blanks, at least one of which is coated on at least one of its faces with a coating based on the one or more elements among zinc, aluminum, nickel and their alloys, and when the two sheet blanks are coated on at least one of their faces with an identical metallic coating.

A titre d'exemple, on a réalisé l'assemblage de deux flans de tôle identiques en acier doux d'épaisseur égale à 0,8 mm revêtus chacun d'un revêtement constitué d'un alliage de zinc et d'aluminium à 99 % de zinc et 1 % d'aluminium.For example, two identical blanks of mild steel with a thickness equal to 0.8 mm were assembled, each coated with a coating made of a 99% zinc and aluminum alloy. zinc and 1% aluminum.

Un premier échantillon a été réalisé en effectuant un point d'assemblage selon la technique antérieure, dit point clinché et un second échantillon a été réalisé en effectuant un point d'assemblage selon l'invention en faisant passer entre le poinçon et la matrice lorsque le poinçon est en fin de course un courant électrique de 1 kA pendant 1 seconde. Les deux points d'assemblage ont été réalisé avec des poinçons et des matrices de forme identique et à effort exercé entre le poinçon et la matrice également identique.A first sample was made by performing an assembly point according to the prior art, said clinched point and a second sample was made by performing an assembly point according to the invention by passing between the punch and the die when the punch is at the end of the stroke an electric current of 1 kA for 1 second. The two assembly points were made with punches and dies of identical shape and with force exerted between the punch and the matrix also identical.

On a ensuite déterminé pour chaque échantillon sa résistance en traction pure et sa résistance en traction cisaillement. Les essais de traction pure et de traction cisaillement ont été effectués respectivement selon les normes NF A 87 001 pour la traction pure et NF A 89 206 pour la traction cisaillement.Its pure tensile strength and its shear tensile strength were then determined for each sample. The tests of pure traction and of shear traction were carried out respectively according to standards NF A 87 001 for pure traction and NF A 89 206 for shear traction.

Alors que la résistance en traction pure du point d'assemblage de la technique antérieure est égale à 50 DaN, elle est égale à 65 DaN pour le point d'assemblage selon l'invention, soit un gain de 30 %.While the pure tensile strength of the assembly point of the prior art is equal to 50 DaN, it is equal to 65 DaN for the assembly point according to the invention, ie a gain of 30%.

De même la résistance en traction cisaillement du point d'assemblage de la technique antérieure est égale à 170 DaN, elle est égale à 265 DaN pour le point d'assemblage selon l'invention, soit un gain de plus de 50 %.Likewise, the shear tensile strength of the assembly point of the prior art is equal to 170 DaN, it is equal to 265 DaN for the assembly point according to the invention, ie a gain of more than 50%.

Par rapport au soudage par résistance par point, l'avantage du procédé d'assemblage selon l'invention est qu'il permet de réduire le bord tombé à une valeur de 12 à 15 mm comparé aux 20 mm nécessaires pour réaliser un point soudé. De plus l'intensité électrique nécessaire est au moins dix fois moindre ce qui présente un avantage économique non négligeable.Compared to spot resistance welding, the advantage of the joining method according to the invention is that it allows the dropped edge to be reduced to a value of 12 to 15 mm compared to the 20 mm necessary for make a welded stitch. In addition, the electrical intensity required is at least ten times less, which has a significant economic advantage.

Le procédé d'assemblage de deux flans de tôle selon l'invention trouve particulièrement application dans le domaine de l'électroménager et l'automobile.The method of assembling two sheet blanks according to the invention finds particular application in the field of household appliances and the automobile.

Claims (6)

Procédé d'assemblage de deux flans de tôle métallique (1, 2) dont un au moins est revêtu sur au moins une de ses faces d'un revêtement métallique (3), caractérisé en ce qu'on superpose les deux flans de tôle (1,2) de manière que la face revêtue du flan de tôle revêtu soit en contact avec une face de l'autre flan de tôle, et on réalise au moins un point d'assemblage par fluage à froid du type dans lequel on pratique simultanément dans les deux flans de tôle (1, 2) à l'aide d'un poinçon (8) et d'une matrice (6) une cavité (9, 10), lesdites cavités étant ainsi logées l'une dans l'autre et présentant au voisinage du fond un élargissement (11), en faisant passer entre le poinçon (8) et la matrice (6) un courant électrique de brasage dudit point d'assemblage.Method for assembling two sheet metal blanks (1, 2), at least one of which is coated on at least one of its faces with a metallic coating (3), characterized in that the two sheet metal blanks ( 1,2) so that the coated side of the coated sheet blank is in contact with one side of the other sheet blank, and at least one assembly point by cold flow of the type in which one simultaneously practices is produced in the two sheet metal blanks (1, 2) using a punch (8) and a die (6) a cavity (9, 10), said cavities being thus housed one inside the other and having in the vicinity of the bottom an enlargement (11), by passing between the punch (8) and the die (6) an electric current of brazing of said assembly point. Procédé d'assemblage de deux flans de tôle métallique (1, 2) revêtus sur au moins une de leurs faces d'un revêtement métallique (4, 5), caractérisé en ce qu'on superpose les deux flans de tôle (1, 2) de manière qu'une face revêtue du premier flan de tôle soit en contact avec une face revêtue de l'autre flan de tôle, et on réalise au moins un point d'assemblage par fluage à froid du type dans lequel on pratique simultanément dans les deux flans de tôle (1, 2) à l'aide d'un poinçon (8) et d'une matrice (6) une cavité (9, 10), lesdites cavités étant ainsi logées l'une dans l'autre et présentant au voisinage du fond un élargissement (11), en faisant passer entre le poinçon (8) et la matrice (6) un courant électrique de brasage dudit point d'assemblage.Method of assembling two blanks of metal sheet (1, 2) coated on at least one of their faces with a metallic coating (4, 5), characterized in that the two blanks of sheet metal (1, 2) are superposed ) so that a face coated with the first sheet blank is in contact with a face coated with the other sheet blank, and at least one assembly point by cold creep of the type in which one simultaneously practices in the two sheet metal blanks (1, 2) using a punch (8) and a die (6) a cavity (9, 10), said cavities being thus housed one inside the other and having in the vicinity of the bottom an enlargement (11), by passing between the punch (8) and the die (6) an electric current of brazing of said assembly point. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on fait passer le courant électrique de brasage entre le poinçon (8) et la matrice (6) lorsque ledit poinçon est en fin de course.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric brazing current is passed between the punch (8) and the die (6) when said punch is at the end of its travel. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'intensité du courant électrique de brasage est telle qu'elle permet d'obtenir dans le point d'assemblage à l'interface entre les deux flans de tôle (1, 2), par effet Joule, une température comprise entre la température de fusion du revêtement métallique moins 20 % et la température de fusion du revêtement métallique.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the intensity of the electric brazing current is such that it makes it possible to obtain in the assembly point at the interface between the two sheet blanks (1, 2 ), by Joule effect, a temperature between the melting temperature of the metallic coating minus 20% and the melting temperature of the metallic coating. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'intensité du courant électrique de brasage est telle qu'elle permet d'obtenir dans le point d'assemblage à l'interface entre les deux flans de tôle (1, 2), par effet Joule, une température comprise entre la température de fusion du revêtement métallique moins 20 % et la température de fusion du revêtement métallique moins 10 %.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the intensity of the electric brazing current is such that it makes it possible to obtain in the assembly point at the interface between the two sheet blanks (1 , 2), by Joule effect, a temperature between the temperature of metal coating melting minus 20% and the metal coating melting temperature minus 10%. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le revêtement métallique est un revêtement à base de l'un ou plusieurs éléments parmi le zinc, l'aluminium, le nickel et leurs alliages.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the metallic coating is a coating based on one or more elements among zinc, aluminum, nickel and their alloys.
EP95401925A 1994-11-08 1995-08-22 Method for assembling two metal banks Expired - Lifetime EP0711614B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9413337 1994-11-08
FR9413337A FR2726494B1 (en) 1994-11-08 1994-11-08 METHOD FOR ASSEMBLING TWO SHEETS OF METAL SHEET

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EP0711614A1 true EP0711614A1 (en) 1996-05-15
EP0711614B1 EP0711614B1 (en) 1998-04-15

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AT (1) ATE165023T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69502072T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2116698T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2726494B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2502683A1 (en) * 2011-03-23 2012-09-26 SMP Deutschland GmbH Hybrid material compound and a method and device for producing same

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JP5602960B1 (en) * 2014-01-16 2014-10-08 武延 本郷 Joining jig, manufacturing method of joined body, and joined body

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JPS63132733A (en) * 1986-11-25 1988-06-04 Toyota Motor Corp Caulking method by electric conduction
JPH0475731A (en) * 1990-07-05 1992-03-10 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd Manufacture of aluminum brazed honecomb panel
JPH04351276A (en) * 1991-05-28 1992-12-07 Murai Shosuke Method for forming metallic members to be welded and projecting body for welding positioning

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FR2691388B1 (en) * 1992-05-21 1997-01-31 Homax Ag NEW ASSEMBLY POINT OF SHEET SHEETS BY COLD CREAM AND TOOL MACHINE FOR MAKING SUCH AN ASSEMBLY POINT.

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JPS63132733A (en) * 1986-11-25 1988-06-04 Toyota Motor Corp Caulking method by electric conduction
JPH0475731A (en) * 1990-07-05 1992-03-10 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd Manufacture of aluminum brazed honecomb panel
JPH04351276A (en) * 1991-05-28 1992-12-07 Murai Shosuke Method for forming metallic members to be welded and projecting body for welding positioning

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2502683A1 (en) * 2011-03-23 2012-09-26 SMP Deutschland GmbH Hybrid material compound and a method and device for producing same

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DE69502072D1 (en) 1998-05-20
ATE165023T1 (en) 1998-05-15
EP0711614B1 (en) 1998-04-15
FR2726494B1 (en) 1996-12-13
DE69502072T2 (en) 1998-12-10
ES2116698T3 (en) 1998-07-16
FR2726494A1 (en) 1996-05-10

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