EP0704561B2 - Device for taking off and transporting, with a high speed, a fibre web at the exit of a carding machine - Google Patents

Device for taking off and transporting, with a high speed, a fibre web at the exit of a carding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0704561B2
EP0704561B2 EP94490055A EP94490055A EP0704561B2 EP 0704561 B2 EP0704561 B2 EP 0704561B2 EP 94490055 A EP94490055 A EP 94490055A EP 94490055 A EP94490055 A EP 94490055A EP 0704561 B2 EP0704561 B2 EP 0704561B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
web
cylinder
suction
veil
carder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94490055A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0704561B1 (en
EP0704561A1 (en
Inventor
Marc Brabant
Jean-Louis Dupont
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Thibeau SA
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Thibeau SA
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02—Carding machines
    • D01G15/12—Details
    • D01G15/46—Doffing or like arrangements for removing fibres from carding elements; Web-dividing apparatus; Condensers
    • D01G15/465—Doffing arrangements for removing fibres using, or cooperating with, pneumatic means
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the recovery and transport of a fibrous veil at the exit of the card.
  • She has main object a card equipped with a device which allows to detach and to transport at high speed a fibrous veil in exit of the last working cylinder from a card, without cause significant changes in the structure of the veil and in particular of stretching this veil.
  • a detaching cylinder small diameter which is adjacent to the last cylinder card worker, and who is rotated to the same speed and in the same direction as the last worker cylinder.
  • the last working cylinder will be for example a painter. whose function is to parallelize the fibers of the veil, or on the contrary a condenser having the function of blurring the fibers of the veil between them, so as to increase the cohesion of this veil in the direction transverse to the working direction of the card.
  • the surface outer of the cylinder is designed to allow the attachment of the fibrous veil over the entire periphery of the detaching cylinder, but with less adhesion than that of the veil on the last working cylinder. It could for example be a cylinder equipped with a isosceles lining or of a cylinder presenting longitudinal grooves around its entire periphery.
  • the second known type of detaching cylinder is in a perforated cylinder with a suction sector fixed opposite the last working cylinder.
  • a such a detaching cylinder has for example been described in the French patent N ° 1,500,746.
  • the fibrous veil arrives at the suction sector, it is plated on the periphery of the rotating detaching cylinder. Beyond this suction sector, the fibrous veil does not adhere theoretically more on the periphery of the detaching cylinder.
  • the aforementioned first type of detaching cylinder has the main advantage of allowing a more reliable recovery fibrous web at the periphery of the working cylinder.
  • the counterpart of this reliability is reflected by adhesion of the fibrous veil to the periphery of the detacher cylinder which is stronger than that of the sail fibrous at the periphery of the suction detaching cylinder, beyond the suction sector.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a card equipped with a device which unlike the aforementioned devices of prior art, detaches and transports a fibrous veil at the end of the card, without causing modification in the structure of the veil, and in particular without causing this veil to stretch, and thereby to accelerate the rate of work of the card without harming the quality of the fibrous veil produced.
  • the veil when the veil comes in the depression zone created by the means suction between the detaching cylinder and the straight portion of the conveyor belt used for reception veil, under the combined effects of gravity and the suction, it detaches from the periphery of the detaching cylinder and is posed in the state on the surface and in the extension of the conveyor belt. This being trained roughly the same linear speed as the peripheral speed of the detaching cylinder, the web does not is not stretched lengthwise.
  • the distance between the rectilinear portion for receiving the veil and the periphery of the detaching cylinder must be sufficiently low, so that during its transfer, the veil does not undergo no flutter likely to deteriorate or cause transverse fold lines in the veil It is therefore preferable that this distance is equal or slightly greater than the thickness of the veil.
  • This distance value is not, however, limiting of the invention, since it has been possible in practice set this distance up to a value up to a hundred times the thickness of the veil produced, without observing deterioration of the veil, which is visible to the eye bare.
  • the suction flow created through the strip of the carrier should be enough to compress enough the veil in the region of the detaching cylinder so that the veil is no longer in contact with the periphery of the detaching cylinder, once placed on the straight portion of the conveyor belt.
  • the carrier of the device of the invention can be used to route the web from the last cylinder card, up to a device for treating this veil such as for example the rollers of a grille.
  • this conveyor belt can also be part of a machine arranged out of card. More specifically, this transporter may constitute the entrance apron of a machine, such as for example a lapper spreader.
  • the distance between the portion straight web for receiving the web and the periphery of the cylinder detacher will be adjustable so that it can be suitable for different thicknesses of sail.
  • the suction flow that is created through the portion straight of the conveyor belt must be sufficiently powerful to compensate for the adhesion of the fibrous veil at the periphery of the detaching cylinder. That power depends on several parameters, among which the grammage of the fibrous veil produced, the inclination of the rectilinear portion for receiving the veil with respect to the horizontal, and the type of detaching cylinder used.
  • the depression zone created by the suction means has the following characteristics. It extends at least over the entire width of the veil, which avoids any risk of folding of the edges of the web during its transfer between the cylinder detacher and conveyor belt; she starts at the line of quasi-tangency between the detaching cylinder and the rectilinear portion for receiving the veil, or upstream of this line of quasi-tangency, and extends downstream of the line of quasi-tangency on at least one radius of the detaching cylinder.
  • the terms upstream and downstream are here and in the rest of this text defined in relation in the direction of movement of the straight portion of reception of the veil.
  • the distance between the line of quasi-tangency, and the beginning of the depression zone located upstream of this line ie less than the radius of the detaching cylinder.
  • the depression zone created by the means of aspiration is not constant, and the depression grows continuously or almost continuously until a maximum of the depression zone, then decreases continuously until the end of the vacuum zone.
  • the maximum of the depression zone is located at the level of the quasi-tangency line, or downstream of this line, being distant from it by a radius maximum of the detaching cylinder.
  • a suction box with the suction face, located opposite the straight portion of the portion of the veil, consists of two planes inclined converging and separated by a suction slot, which is arranged substantially in one direction orthogonal to the direction of movement of said portion straight.
  • the suction slot corresponds to the maximum of the depression zone, the inclined planes allowing to decrease this depression, with a gradient depending on the inclination of each plane.
  • the another subject of the present invention is therefore also a card fitted at the outlet with at least two devices of the invention, and which are arranged to allow the superposition sails from their two detaching cylinders.
  • the carde is fitted with a single conveyor at the outlet band which is common to both devices.
  • each device having its own transporter to band a first carrier routes a first sail to the belt of the second transporter, so to position this first veil above and in the extension of the belt of this second transporter; the second transporter is equipped, in the area junction between the two strips, suction means which allow the first veil to be placed on the veil transported by the second transporter.
  • the last worker cylinder is shown in Figure 1 1 of a card, and a device 3 allowing detach the fibrous web 2 which is rolled up at the periphery worker cylinder 1, and to transport later this veil at high speed.
  • This device 3 consists of a detaching cylinder 4, a conveyor belt 5 and a suction box 6.
  • the detaching cylinder 4 is adjacent to the cylinder worker 1, and is driven in the same direction of rotation and with the same speed around its axis of rotation 7.
  • the periphery of this cylinder is equipped of a garnish 8 with isosceles points.
  • the transporter 5 has a strip with multiple perforations, and which this fact is breathable. Portion 9 of this strip shown in Figure 1 is straight, and passes close from the periphery of the detaching cylinder 4, in a direction orthogonal to the axis of rotation 7 of this cylinder spotter. She is also trained with the same linear tess that the peripheral speed of the detaching cylinder 4
  • the straight portion 9 of the conveyor belt 5 is inclined upward relative to the horizontal at an angle ⁇ .
  • This inclination is mainly conditioned by problems of space requirement of the conveyor 5 with respect to the main drum (not shown) of the card, and is linked to the position of the working cylinder 1 relative to this drum, as well as to the position of the detaching cylinder with respect to the working cylinder 1. It is therefore conceivable that this angle ⁇ is zero, which is illustrated in the example of card in FIG. 2C.
  • the spacing between the rectilinear portion 9 for receiving the web and the periphery of the detaching cylinder, that is to say in this case the tips of the lining 8, is represented in FIG. 1 by the distance e .
  • the position of the axis of rotation 7 of the detaching cylinder 4 was adjustable in a direction orthogonal to the rectilinear portion 9 for receiving the web, so that the distance e is adjustable as a function of the thickness of the web.
  • the suction box 6 is positioned opposite the detaching cylinder 4, on the other side of the straight portion 9 of the conveyor belt, and creates a vacuum zone 10 of width L between the detaching cylinder 4 and the straight portion 9 of the conveyor belt 5 which straight portion 9 comes almost to the tangent of the detaching cylinder along a line T called the line of quasi-tangency.
  • the vacuum zone 10 begins upstream and at a distance d from the line of quasi-tangency T, with respect to the direction of movement D of the strip 9, and extends in downstream of this line of quasi-tangency, over a distance of .
  • the web 2 When the web 2 arrives at the beginning of the vacuum zone 10, it begins to detach from the periphery of the detaching cylinder 4, at point B, under the combined effects of gravity and the suction flow created by the box 6 at through the strip 9. As a result, the web 2 is placed on the strip 9 at the level of the quasi-tangency line T and is held on the surface of this strip 9 until the exit from the vacuum zone 10.
  • the distance e must be sufficiently small so that the web 2 does not undergo deformation in particular under the effect of its own weight or the air flow generated by the rotation of the detaching cylinder 4, when it passes from the periphery of the cylinder detacher 4 to the conveyor belt 5.
  • the fibrous veil is driven without sliding on the surface of the strip 9 of the conveyor, by the thin layer of air which is generated by moving this strip.
  • Speed of the web is therefore identical to the speed of the web of the carrier. This being also identical to the speed periphery of the detaching cylinder 4, this results that the fibrous veil does not undergo any stretching. It suits note that in practice it is possible to tolerate a speed variation of up to 2% between speed linear of the conveyor and the peripheral speed of the detaching cylinder, without this variation causing a change in the structure of the veil which is harmful the quality and cohesion of the veil produced.
  • the suction box 6 has a suction face formed by two converging inclined planes 11 a ; 11b , substantially forming a V and separated by a suction slot 12, which is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the direction of movement D of the straight portion 9 of the conveyor belt 5.
  • This suction face extends preferably over the entire width of the web 2 so that the vacuum zone between the conveyor belt and the detaching cylinder 4 reaches the edges of this web.
  • This suction box 6 creates a variable vacuum zone, which increases from point B to a maximum at the suction slot 12, then decreases until the end of the vacuum zone. The speed of the suction flow generated by this suction box through the straight portion 9 of the conveyor belt 5 is therefore maximum at the suction slot 12.
  • the depression zone 10 must allow at least compensate for the adhesion of the fibrous veil to the periphery of the detaching cylinder 4, as well as the effects of turbulence created downstream of the quasi-tangency line T. Les characteristics of this depression area depend mainly of the type of detaching cylinder used, the grammage of the fibrous veil produced and the angle of inclination ⁇ of the straight portion 9.
  • the radius r of the cylinder with isosceles lining was approximately 80 mm; the suction box 6 was positioned so that the distance d was about 20 mm, and the distance d was substantially equal to the radius r ; the speed of the suction flow. measured between the detaching cylinder 4 and the straight portion 9, at the suction slot 12, was between 1 and 2 m / second; the angle ⁇ could vary in absolute value between 0 and 90 ° and the distance e was adjustable in 0 and 50mm.
  • suction box 6 which has been described by any type of suitable suction means. More particularly, it is possible to use a suction box creating a vacuum zone with vacuum gradients which are different upstream or downstream of the suction slot 12, which results in a different inclination of the two convergent planes 11 a , 11 b .
  • the veil fibrous product When the card starts, as long as it has not reaches its normal operating regime, the veil fibrous product has a reduced thickness and a lower grammage. Therefore, in order to avoid any risk of the fibrous veil wrapping around the periphery of the detaching cylinder 4, when the card starts, it is possible within the framework of the invention to increase the flow suction generated by the box 6, until the has reached its normal speed and the veil is producing has the required weight characteristics and thick.
  • FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C show three possible examples of configuration at the card outlet, allowing the parallel production of two fibrous webs, and their overlap.
  • the drum principal of the card is referenced 13.
  • the first way upper outlet consists of a counter drum 14, a comber 15, and two successive condensers 16 and 17; the second lower exit route is constituted by a counter-drum 18 and a painter 19
  • These two exit channels are equipped respectively of a device 20,21, which is similar to that of the figure 1
  • the detaching cylinder and the suction box of each device are respectively referenced 22 and 23; the last condenser cylinder 17 for the upper track and the comb cylinder 19 for the lower track correspond to worker cylinder 1 of the Figure 1.
  • this transporter belt has a straight portion 24, which is used for the reception of the two fibrous webs at level of the two devices 20 and 21.
  • the first fibrous veil, coming from the lower route is conveyed by this rectilinear portion 24 up to the entrance to the depression created by the suction box 23 of the device 20 of the upper track.
  • the second fibrous veil from the pathway upper is superimposed on the first fibrous veil, the suction flow created by the suction box allowing both to maintain the first fibrous veil from the route below the surface of the straight portion 24 and detach the second fibrous veil from of the upper track to superimpose it on the first veil fibrous.
  • the detaching cylinder 22 and the suction box 23 of the device 20 of the upper exit route are positioned on the side and on the other side of the rectilinear portion 25 of the belt conveyor, just downstream of the change of direction of the strip of this carrier.
  • This variant embodiment presents the advantage of avoiding the risks of detachment of the fibrous veil when changing the conveyor's direction.
  • the first fibrous veil from the lower track arrives at the level of this change of direction, it is held on the surface of the transporter due to the presence of the suction box 23 just downstream of this change of direction.
  • each device 20, 21 has its own conveyor belt 26, 27.
  • the detaching cylinder 22 of each device 20, 21 is located substantially vertically respectively of the condenser 17 and the doffer 19.
  • the conveyor 27 is horizontal.
  • Conveyor 26 is tilted down and allows the routing of the fibrous veil from the path above the surface and in line with the transporter 27. The superposition of the two fibrous webs from the card is therefore carried out at the junction zone 28 between the two conveyors 26 and 27.
  • suction means whose function is on the one hand to maintain the first fibrous veil from the lower pathway on the surface of the transporter 27 during the superposition of the two sails and on the other hand to lay the veil on this conveyor 27 fibrous conveyed by the transporter 26

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Registering, Tensioning, Guiding Webs, And Rollers Therefor (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The appts. to take a fibre web (2) from the delivery roller (4) of a carding machine has a suction system and permeable belt (5). A straight section (9) of the belt (5), at the level of the delivery roller (4), takes the web (2) at the same linear speed as the surface speed of the roller. It is on the same line as the roller axis (7), between the suction system and the roller. Also claimed is a carding machine with at least two delivery stations with delivery rollers to pass their webs to the permeable belt.

Description

La présente invention concerne la reprise et le transport d'un voile fibreux en sortie de carde. Elle a pour principal objet une carde équipée d'un dispositif qui permet de détacher et de transporter à grande vitesse un voile fibreux en sortie du dernier cylindre travailleur d'une carde, sans occasionner de modification notable dans la structure du voile et notamment d'étirage de ce voile.The present invention relates to the recovery and transport of a fibrous veil at the exit of the card. She has main object a card equipped with a device which allows to detach and to transport at high speed a fibrous veil in exit of the last working cylinder from a card, without cause significant changes in the structure of the veil and in particular of stretching this veil.

Actuellement, pour détacher un voile fibreux en sortie de carde, il est connu d'utiliser un cylindre détacheur de faible diamètre, qui est adjacent au dernier cylindre travailleur de la carde, et qui est entraíné en rotation à la même vitesse et dans le même sens que le dernier cylindre travailleur. Le dernier cylindre travailleur sera par exemple un peigneur. dont la fonction est de paralléliser les fibres du voile, ou au contraire un condenseur ayant pour fonction de brouiller les fibres du voile entre elles, en sorte d'augmenter la cohésion de ce voile dans la direction transversale au sens de travail de la carde.Currently, to detach a fibrous veil at the outlet carding machine, it is known to use a detaching cylinder small diameter, which is adjacent to the last cylinder card worker, and who is rotated to the same speed and in the same direction as the last worker cylinder. The last working cylinder will be for example a painter. whose function is to parallelize the fibers of the veil, or on the contrary a condenser having the function of blurring the fibers of the veil between them, so as to increase the cohesion of this veil in the direction transverse to the working direction of the card.

Il existe principalement deux types connus de cylindres détacheurs. Selon un premier type, la surface externe du cylindre est conçue en sorte de permettre l'accrochage du voile fibreux sur toute la périphérie du cylindre détacheur, avec toutefois une adhérence moindre que celle du voile sur le dernier cylindre travailleur. Il pourra par exemple s'agir d'un cylindre équipé d'une garniture isocèle ou encore d'un cylindre présentant des cannelures longitudinales sur toute sa périphérie.There are mainly two known types of cylinders detaching. According to a first type, the surface outer of the cylinder is designed to allow the attachment of the fibrous veil over the entire periphery of the detaching cylinder, but with less adhesion than that of the veil on the last working cylinder. It could for example be a cylinder equipped with a isosceles lining or of a cylinder presenting longitudinal grooves around its entire periphery.

Le deuxième type connu de cylindre détacheur consiste en un cylindre perforé comportant un secteur d'aspiration fixe en regard du dernier cylindre travailleur. Un tel cylindre détacheur a par exemple été décrit dans le brevet français N°1 500 746. Lorsque le voile fibreux arrive au niveau du secteur d'aspiration, il se trouve plaqué à la périphérie du cylindre détacheur en rotation. Au-delà de ce secteur d'aspiration, le voile fibreux n'adhère théoriquement plus à la périphérie du cylindre détacheur. En pratique, la rotation du cylindre détacheur occasionne en aval du secteur d'aspiration un flux d'aspiration périphérique superficiel qui a tendance à maintenir le voile fibreux sur ce cylindre, ce qui se traduit, en l'absence de moyens complémentaires de reprise du voile, par un enroulement du voile à la périphérie du cylindre aspirant.The second known type of detaching cylinder is in a perforated cylinder with a suction sector fixed opposite the last working cylinder. A such a detaching cylinder has for example been described in the French patent N ° 1,500,746. When the fibrous veil arrives at the suction sector, it is plated on the periphery of the rotating detaching cylinder. Beyond this suction sector, the fibrous veil does not adhere theoretically more on the periphery of the detaching cylinder. In practice, the rotation of the detaching cylinder downstream of the suction sector causes a suction flow superficial device which tends to maintain the fibrous veil on this cylinder, which translates, in the absence of additional means of resumption of veil, by winding the veil at the periphery of the cylinder aspirant.

Comparativement au cylindre détacheur aspirant, le premier type précité de cylindre détacheur présente le principal avantage de permettre une reprise plus fiable du voile fibreux à la périphérie du cylindre travailleur. Cependant, la contrepartie de cette fiabilité se traduit par une adhérence du voile fibreux à la périphérie du cylindre détacheur qui est plus forte que celle du voile fibreux à la périphérie du cylindre détacheur aspirant, au-delà du secteur d'aspiration.Compared to the suction detaching cylinder, the aforementioned first type of detaching cylinder has the main advantage of allowing a more reliable recovery fibrous web at the periphery of the working cylinder. However, the counterpart of this reliability is reflected by adhesion of the fibrous veil to the periphery of the detacher cylinder which is stronger than that of the sail fibrous at the periphery of the suction detaching cylinder, beyond the suction sector.

Avec les deux types de cylindres détacheurs connus il est nécessaire d'utiliser des moyens complémentaires de reprise du voile fibreux, en vue d'acheminer ce voile jusqu'à son opération suivante de traitement ; il s'agira par exemple d'une opération de consolidation du voile fibreux, par passage entre deux calandres.With the two known types of detaching cylinders it is necessary to use additional means recovery of the fibrous veil, in order to route this veil until its next processing operation; he for example, a consolidation operation fibrous veil, by passing between two calenders.

Jusqu'à présent, pour reprendre ce voile à la périphérie du cylindre détacheur. on le fait passer entre deux cylindres en rotation, ou encore entre la bande d'un transporteur et un cylindre en rotation positionné juste au-dessus du transporteur. Avec de tels moyens, la reprise du voile s'accompagne nécessairement d'un étirage du voile dans le sens de sa longueur. Or, le voile fibreux en sortie de carde présente une cohésion très faible, avec une résistance très faible à un effort de traction transversale. Par conséquent, lorsqu'on provoque un étirement de ce voile dans le sens de sa longueur on réduit d'autant la cohésion de ce voile. Il en résulte, qu'au-delà d'une vitesse maximale de travail de la carde, qui est actuellement de l'ordre de 120 m/minute, l'étirage du voile devient trop important et on obtient un voile de mauvaise qualité quant à son aspect, sa régularité de poids et l'isotropie de ses propriétés mécaniquesSo far, to resume this veil at the periphery of the detaching cylinder. we pass it between two cylinders in rotation, or between the strip a conveyor and a rotating cylinder positioned just above the transporter. With such means, the resumption of the veil is necessarily accompanied by a stretching the veil lengthwise. The veil fibrous at the end of the card presents a very cohesive weak, with very low resistance to tensile stress cross. Therefore, when we provoke stretching this veil lengthwise the cohesion of this veil is therefore reduced. As a result, that beyond a maximum working speed of the card, which is currently around 120 m / minute, stretching veil becomes too important and we obtain a veil of poor quality as to its appearance, its regularity weight and the isotropy of its mechanical properties

Il est proposé dans la demande de brevet européen EP-A-484 812 de reprendre un voile fibreux en sortie de carde en réceptionnant ce voile sur un transporteur à bande passant à proximité d'un cylindre détacheur. Cependant avec cette solution, il n'est pas envisageable d'entraíner la bande du transporteur à une vitesse élevée et notamment à une vitesse supérieure à 120m/minute En effet, lorsque la vitesse augmente , le voile a tendance à rester enroulé à la périphérie du dernier cylindre détacheur. Par conséquent, lorsque les vitesses deviennent trop importantes , et dans l'hypothèse où le transporteur à bande serait entraíné à la même vitesse que le dernier cylindre détacheur, on observe dans le meilleur des cas un flottement du voile risquant de le détériorer ou de causer des lignes de pliure transversales dans le voile, et dans le pire des cas un enroulement du voile sur la périphérie du cylindre détacheur.It is proposed in the European patent application EP-A-484 812 to resume a fibrous veil at the exit of cards by receiving this veil on a conveyor strip passing near a detaching cylinder. However with this solution, it is not possible to drive the conveyor belt at high speed and in particular at a speed greater than 120m / minute When the speed increases, the veil has tendency to remain wound on the periphery of the last cylinder spotter. Therefore, when the speeds become too large, and in the event that the belt conveyor would be driven at the same speed that the last detaching cylinder, we observe in the best of all a flutter of the veil risking the deteriorate or cause transverse fold lines in the veil, and in the worst case a winding veil on the periphery of the detaching cylinder.

Pour cette raison avec un dispositif détacheur du type du document EP-A-484 812, on est obligé de travailler avec des vitesses relativement faibles et inférieures à 120m/mn, et qui plus est , on préfère éviter tout risque de flottement du voile lors de son transfert en entraínant la bande du transporteur à une vitesse très sensiblement supérieure à celle des cylindres détacheurs afin d'étirer le voile dans le sens de sa longueur lors de son transfert , ce qui est toutefois préjudiciable à la cohésion du voile. For this reason with a device detaching the type of document EP-A-484 812, we have to work with relatively low and lower speeds at 120m / min, and what's more, we prefer to avoid all risk of the veil floating during its transfer while driving the conveyor belt at a speed very substantially greater than that of the detaching cylinders in order to stretch the veil lengthwise when its transfer, which is however detrimental to cohesion veil.

Le but de la présente invention est de proposer une carde équipée d'un dispositif qui contrairement aux dispositifs précités de l'art antérieur, permet de détacher et de transporter un voile fibreux en sortie de carde, sans occasionner de modification dans la structure du voile, et notamment sans provoquer d'étirage de ce voile, et par là même d'accélérer la cadence de travail de la carde sans nuire à la qualité du voile fibreux produit.The object of the present invention is to provide a card equipped with a device which unlike the aforementioned devices of prior art, detaches and transports a fibrous veil at the end of the card, without causing modification in the structure of the veil, and in particular without causing this veil to stretch, and thereby to accelerate the rate of work of the card without harming the quality of the fibrous veil produced.

Ce but est parfaitement atteint par la carde faisant l'objet de la revendication 1 dont les caractéristiques du préambule sont connues par la demande de brevet européen EP-A-484812, et qui se caractérise en ce qu'elle met en oeuvre des moyens d'aspiration , en ce que la bande du transporteur est perméable à l'air , et est interposée entre les moyens d'aspiration et le cylindre détacheur , et en ce que les moyens d'aspiration sont aptes à créer une zone de dépression entre le cylindre détacheur et la portion rectiligne de la bande , au niveau de leur ligne de quasi-tangence , de telle sorte qu'en entraínant la bande du transporteur avec sensiblement la même vitesse linéaire que la vitesse périphérique du cylindre détacheur le voile fibreux peut se détacher du cylindre détacheur au niveau de la ligne de quasi-tangence et se poser sur la portion rectiligne de la bande du transporteur à grande vitesse, sans subir de modification notable dans sa structure.This goal is perfectly achieved by the card making the subject of claim 1, the characteristics of which of the preamble are known by the request of European patent EP-A-484812, and which is characterized by what it implements aspiration means, in that that the conveyor belt is breathable, and is interposed between the suction means and the cylinder detacher, and in that the suction means are able to create a vacuum zone between the cylinder detacher and the straight portion of the strip, at level of their near-tangency line, so that driving the conveyor belt with substantially the same linear speed as the peripheral speed from the detaching cylinder the fibrous web can come off of the detaching cylinder at the line of quasi-tangency and land on the straight portion of the conveyor belt at high speed, without undergoing significant change in its structure.

Dans la carde de l'invention, lorsque le voile arrive dans la zone de dépression créée par les moyens d'aspiration entre le cylindre détacheur et la portion rectiligne de la bande du transporteur servant à la réception du voile, sous les effets combinés de la gravité et de l'aspiration, il se détache de la périphérie du cylindre détacheur et se pose en l'état à la surface et dans le prolongement de la bande de transport. Celle-ci étant entrainée sensiblement à la même vitesse linéaire que la vitesse périphérique du cylindre détacheur, le voile ne subit pas d'étirement dans le sens de sa longueur.In the card of the invention, when the veil comes in the depression zone created by the means suction between the detaching cylinder and the straight portion of the conveyor belt used for reception veil, under the combined effects of gravity and the suction, it detaches from the periphery of the detaching cylinder and is posed in the state on the surface and in the extension of the conveyor belt. This being trained roughly the same linear speed as the peripheral speed of the detaching cylinder, the web does not is not stretched lengthwise.

Dans la carde de l'invention, la distance séparant la portion rectiligne de réception du voile et la périphérie du cylindre détacheur doit être suffisamment faible, afin que pendant son transfert, le voile ne subisse pas de flottement susceptible de le détériorer ou d'occasionner des lignes de pliure transversales dans le voile Il est donc préférable que cette distance soit égale ou légèrement supérieure à l'épaisseur du voile. Cette valeur de la distance n'est cependant pas limitative de l'invention, étant donné qu'il a été possible en pratique de régler cette distance jusqu'à une valeur pouvant atteindre cent fois l'épaisseur du voile produit, sans observer de détérioration du voile, qui soit visible à l'oeil nu. En outre s'agissant de la limite inférieure de cette distance, il a été possible de tester des valeurs inférieures à l'épaisseur du voile non compressé, sans que cela occasionne de modification de l'aspect du voile. Dans ce cas, le flux d'aspiration créé à travers la bande du transporteur devrait être suffisant pour comprimer suffisamment le voile dans la région du cylindre détacheur afin que le voile ne soit plus en contact avec la périphérie du cylindre détacheur, une fois posé sur la portion rectiligne de la bande du transporteur.In the card of the invention, the distance between the rectilinear portion for receiving the veil and the periphery of the detaching cylinder must be sufficiently low, so that during its transfer, the veil does not undergo no flutter likely to deteriorate or cause transverse fold lines in the veil It is therefore preferable that this distance is equal or slightly greater than the thickness of the veil. This distance value is not, however, limiting of the invention, since it has been possible in practice set this distance up to a value up to a hundred times the thickness of the veil produced, without observing deterioration of the veil, which is visible to the eye bare. Furthermore, with regard to the lower limit of this distance, it was possible to test lower values to the thickness of the uncompressed web, without this changes the appearance of the veil. In in this case the suction flow created through the strip of the carrier should be enough to compress enough the veil in the region of the detaching cylinder so that the veil is no longer in contact with the periphery of the detaching cylinder, once placed on the straight portion of the conveyor belt.

Le transporteur du dispositif de l'invention peut être utilisé pour acheminer le voile depuis le dernier cylindre de carde, jusqu'à un dispositif de traitement de ce voile tel que par exemple les rouleaux d'une calandre. Dans le cadre de l'invention ce transporteur à bande peut également faire partie intégrante d'une machine disposée en sortie de carde. Plus particulièrement, ce transporteur pourra constituer le tablier d'entrée d'une machine, tel que par exemple un étaleur nappeur.The carrier of the device of the invention can be used to route the web from the last cylinder card, up to a device for treating this veil such as for example the rollers of a grille. In the scope of the invention this conveyor belt can also be part of a machine arranged out of card. More specifically, this transporter may constitute the entrance apron of a machine, such as for example a lapper spreader.

Avantageusement la distance séparant la portion rectiligne de réception du voile et la périphérie du cylindre détacheur sera réglable en sorte de pouvoir être adaptée à différentes épaisseurs de voile.Advantageously, the distance between the portion straight web for receiving the web and the periphery of the cylinder detacher will be adjustable so that it can be suitable for different thicknesses of sail.

Le flux d'aspiration qui est créé à travers la portion rectiligne de la bande de transport doit être suffisamment puissant pour compenser l'adhérence du voile fibreux à la périphérie du cylindre détacheur. Cette puissance dépend de plusieurs paramètres, parmi lesquels le grammage du voile fibreux produit, l'inclinaison de la portion rectiligne de réception du voile par rapport à l'horizontale, et le type de cylindre détacheur utilisé.The suction flow that is created through the portion straight of the conveyor belt must be sufficiently powerful to compensate for the adhesion of the fibrous veil at the periphery of the detaching cylinder. That power depends on several parameters, among which the grammage of the fibrous veil produced, the inclination of the rectilinear portion for receiving the veil with respect to the horizontal, and the type of detaching cylinder used.

De préférence, la zone de dépression créée par les moyens d'aspiration présente les caractéristiques suivantes. Elle s'étend au moins sur toute la largeur du voile, ce qui permet d'éviter tout risque de repli des bords longitudinaux du voile lors de son transfert entre le cylindre détacheur et la bande du transporteur; elle démarre à la ligne de quasi-tangence entre le cylindre détacheur et la portion rectiligne de réception du voile, ou en amont de cette ligne de quasi-tangence, et s'étend en aval de la ligne de quasi-tangence sur au moins un rayon du cylindre détacheur. Les termes amont et aval sont ici et dans la suite du présent texte définis par rapport au sens de déplacement de la portion rectiligne de réception du voile. La rotation à grande vitesse du cylindre détacheur crée en aval de la ligne de quasi-tangence entre ce cylindre et la portion rectiligne de réception du voile, un flux d'aspiration qui a tendance à maintenir le voile fibreux plaqué contre la périphérie du cylindre détacheur. Par conséquent, si l'on positionne le début de la zone de dépression en aval de cette ligne de quasi-tangence, le voile fibreux aura tendance, au-delà de cette ligne de quasi-tangence, à poursuivre son enroulement sur la périphérie du cylindre détacheur, et à s'éloigner de la zone de dépression. Il en résulte d'une part que le voile devient plus difficile à détacher de la périphérie du cylindre détacheur, et d'autre part que le transfert de ce voile sur la bande du transporteur, s'il est effectué au - delà de cette ligne de quasi-tangence. risque d'occasionner un flottement du voile entre le cylindre détacheur et la bande du transporteur, qui est préjudiciable à la cohésion de ce voile. Les effets de la turbulence créée notamment par la rotation du cylindre détacheur en aval de la ligne de quasi-tangence se font principalement sentir dans l'espace situé entre la périphérie du cylindre détacheur et la portion rectiligne de réception du voile, en aval de la ligne de quasi-tangence Pour cette raison, afin d'éviter tout risque de soulèvement du voile à la surface de la bande du transporteur, il est préférable de prolonger la zone de dépression depuis la ligne de quasi-tangence, et sur au moins une distance équivalente au rayon du cylindre détacheur.Preferably, the depression zone created by the suction means has the following characteristics. It extends at least over the entire width of the veil, which avoids any risk of folding of the edges of the web during its transfer between the cylinder detacher and conveyor belt; she starts at the line of quasi-tangency between the detaching cylinder and the rectilinear portion for receiving the veil, or upstream of this line of quasi-tangency, and extends downstream of the line of quasi-tangency on at least one radius of the detaching cylinder. The terms upstream and downstream are here and in the rest of this text defined in relation in the direction of movement of the straight portion of reception of the veil. High speed rotation of the cylinder detacher created downstream of the quasi-tangency line between this cylinder and the rectilinear receiving portion veil, a suction flow which tends to maintain the fibrous veil pressed against the periphery of the cylinder spotter. Therefore, if we position the beginning of the depression zone downstream from this line of quasi-tangency, the fibrous veil will tend, beyond of this line of quasi-tangency, to continue its winding around the periphery of the detaching cylinder, and to move away from the area of depression. It results from a except that the veil becomes more difficult to detach from the periphery of the detaching cylinder, and on the other hand that the transfer of this veil to the conveyor belt, if it is performed beyond this line of quasi-tangency. risk cause the veil to float between the cylinder detacher and the conveyor belt, which is detrimental to the cohesion of this veil. The effects of turbulence created in particular by the rotation of the detaching cylinder downstream of the quasi-tangency line are mainly feel in the space between the periphery of the detaching cylinder and the straight portion of reception of the veil, downstream of the line of quasi-tangency For this reason, in order to avoid any risk of lifting veil on the surface of the conveyor belt, it is best to extend the depression zone from the line of quasi-tangency, and over at least a distance equivalent to the radius of the detaching cylinder.

S'agissant du début de la zone de dépression, il est impératif, lorsque celui-ci est situé en amont de la ligne de quasi-tangence, que le flux d'aspiration ne puisse pas venir perturber la reprise du voile sur le cylindre travailleur par le cylindre détacheur. Plusieurs solutions sont envisageables. Il est possible de limiter la puissance du flux d'aspiration dans la portion de la zone de dépression située en amont de la ligne de quasi-tangence. Il est également possible d'interposer entre la bande de transport et la zone de reprise du voile par le cylindre détacheur, un déflecteur qui permet d'éviter que le flux d'aspiration n'atteigne le voile dans la zone de jonction entre le dernier cylindre travailleur de la carde et le cylindre détacheur. Cependant afin d'éviter tout risque de perturbation de la reprise du voile par le cylindre détacheur sur le cylindre travailleur, il est préférable que la distance séparant la ligne de quasi-tangence, et le début de la zone de dépression située en amont de cette ligne, soit inférieure au rayon du cylindre détacheur.As for the beginning of the depression zone, it is imperative, when it is located upstream of the line of quasi-tangency, that the suction flow cannot not disturb the recovery of the veil on the working cylinder by the detaching cylinder. Many solutions are possible. It is possible to limit the power of the suction flow in the portion of the vacuum zone located upstream of the line of quasi-tangency. It is also possible to interpose between the strip of transport and recovery area of the web by the cylinder detacher, a deflector which prevents the flow suction reaches the veil in the junction area between the last working cylinder of the card and the cylinder spotter. However to avoid any risk of disturbance of the recovery of the web by the detaching cylinder on the working cylinder, it is preferable that the distance between the line of quasi-tangency, and the beginning of the depression zone located upstream of this line, ie less than the radius of the detaching cylinder.

Avantageusement la zone de dépression créée par les moyens d'aspiration n'est pas constante, et la dépression croít de façon continue ou quasi-continue jusqu'à un maximum de la zone de dépression, puis décroít de façon continue jusqu'à la fin de la zone de dépression. Dans ce cas, le maximum de la zone de dépression est situé au niveau de la ligne de quasi-tangence, ou en aval de cette ligne, en lui étant distant d'un rayon maximum du cylindre détacheur.Advantageously, the depression zone created by the means of aspiration is not constant, and the depression grows continuously or almost continuously until a maximum of the depression zone, then decreases continuously until the end of the vacuum zone. In this case, the maximum of the depression zone is located at the level of the quasi-tangency line, or downstream of this line, being distant from it by a radius maximum of the detaching cylinder.

Pour obtenir cette zone de dépression non constante on utilisera de préférence une boite d'aspiration dont la face d'aspiration, située en regard de la portion rectiligne de la portion du voile, est constituée par deux plans inclinés convergents et séparés par une fente d'aspiration, qui est disposée sensiblement dans une direction orthogonale à la direction de déplacement de ladite portion rectiligne. La fente d'aspiration correspond au maximum de la zone de dépression, les plans inclinés permettant de faire décroítre cette dépression, avec un gradient dépendant de l'inclinaison de chaque plan.To get this area of non-constant depression preferably use a suction box with the suction face, located opposite the straight portion of the portion of the veil, consists of two planes inclined converging and separated by a suction slot, which is arranged substantially in one direction orthogonal to the direction of movement of said portion straight. The suction slot corresponds to the maximum of the depression zone, the inclined planes allowing to decrease this depression, with a gradient depending on the inclination of each plane.

Lorsqu'une carde comporte au moins deux voies de sortie équipées d'un dispositif de l'invention, il devient très facile d'effectuer la superposition de ces voiles sur une des bandes de transport de l'un des dispositifs. La présente invention a donc également pour autre objet une carde équipée en sortie d'au moins deux dispositifs de l'invention, et qui sont agencés pour permettre la superposition des voiles issus de leurs deux cylindres détacheurs.When a card has at least two ways of outlet fitted with a device of the invention it becomes very easy to superimpose these sails on one of the conveyor belts of one of the devices. The another subject of the present invention is therefore also a card fitted at the outlet with at least two devices of the invention, and which are arranged to allow the superposition sails from their two detaching cylinders.

Dans un premier mode particulier de réalisation, la carde est équipée en sortie d'un unique transporteur à bande qui est commun aux deux dispositifs.In a first particular embodiment, the carde is fitted with a single conveyor at the outlet band which is common to both devices.

Dans un deuxième mode particulier de réalisation, chaque dispositif possédant son propre transporteur à bande un premier transporteur achemine un premier voile jusqu'à la bande du second transporteur, en sorte de positionner ce premier voile au-dessus et dans le prolongement de la bande de ce second transporteur ; le second transporteur est équipé, au niveau de la zone de jonction entre les deux bandes, de moyens d'aspiration qui permettent de poser le premier voile sur le voile véhiculé par le second transporteur.In a second particular embodiment, each device having its own transporter to band a first carrier routes a first sail to the belt of the second transporter, so to position this first veil above and in the extension of the belt of this second transporter; the second transporter is equipped, in the area junction between the two strips, suction means which allow the first veil to be placed on the veil transported by the second transporter.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description suivante de plusieurs modes particuliers de réalisation d'une carde équipée de deux dispositifs permettant de détacher et transporter à grande vitesse chaque voile fibreux en sortie de carde, laquelle description est donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et en référence au dessin annexé sur lequel

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique du dernier cylindre travailleur d'une carde et d'un dispositif de l'invention, qui permet la reprise d'un voile fibreux à la périphérie de ce cylindre travailleur,
  • les figures 2A et 2B sont des représentations schématiques d'une carde équipée de deux dispositifs de invention, partageant le même transporteur à bande,
  • et la figure 2C est une représentation schématique d'une carde équipée de deux dispositifs de l'invention possédant chacun leur propre transporteur à bande, lesquels transporteurs sont agencés de sorte de permettre la superposition des deux voiles issus de la carde.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description of several particular embodiments of a card equipped with two devices making it possible to detach and transport at high speed each fibrous web leaving the card, which description is given in title of nonlimiting example, and with reference to the attached drawing on which
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the last working cylinder of a card and of a device of the invention, which allows the recovery of a fibrous web at the periphery of this working cylinder,
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic representations of a card equipped with two devices of the invention, sharing the same conveyor belt,
  • and FIG. 2C is a schematic representation of a card equipped with two devices of the invention each having their own conveyor belt, which conveyors are arranged so as to allow the superimposition of the two webs coming from the card.

On a représenté à la figure 1 le dernier cylindre travailleur 1 d'une carde, et un dispositif 3 permettant de détacher le voile fibreux 2 qui est enroulé à la périphérie du cylindre travailleur 1, et de transporter ultérieurement ce voile à grande vitesse. The last worker cylinder is shown in Figure 1 1 of a card, and a device 3 allowing detach the fibrous web 2 which is rolled up at the periphery worker cylinder 1, and to transport later this veil at high speed.

Ce dispositif 3 est constitué par un cylindre détacheur 4, un transporteur à bande 5 et une boíte d'aspiration 6. Le cylindre détacheur 4 est adjacent au cylindre travailleur 1, et est entraíné dans le même sens de rotation et avec la même vitesse autour de son axe de rotation 7. La périphérie de ce cylindre est équipée d'une garniture 8 à pointes isocèles. Le transporteur 5 comporte une bande à perforations multiples, et qui de ce fait est perméable à l'air. La portion 9 de cette bande représentée à la figure 1 est rectiligne, et passe à proximité de la périphérie du cylindre détacheur 4, dans une direction orthogonale à l'axe de rotation 7 de ce cylindre détacheur. Elle est en outre entraínée avec la même tesse linéaire que la vitesse périphérique du cylindre détacheur 4This device 3 consists of a detaching cylinder 4, a conveyor belt 5 and a suction box 6. The detaching cylinder 4 is adjacent to the cylinder worker 1, and is driven in the same direction of rotation and with the same speed around its axis of rotation 7. The periphery of this cylinder is equipped of a garnish 8 with isosceles points. The transporter 5 has a strip with multiple perforations, and which this fact is breathable. Portion 9 of this strip shown in Figure 1 is straight, and passes close from the periphery of the detaching cylinder 4, in a direction orthogonal to the axis of rotation 7 of this cylinder spotter. She is also trained with the same linear tess that the peripheral speed of the detaching cylinder 4

Dans l'exemple particulier de la figure 1, la portion rectiligne 9 de la bande du transporteur 5 est incliné vers le haut par rapport à l'horizontal selon un angle α. Cette inclinaison est principalement conditionnée par des problèmes d'encombrement du transporteur 5 par rapport au tambour principal (non représenté) de la carde, et est liée à la position du cylindre travailleur 1 par rapport à ce tambour, ainsi qu'à la position du cylindre détacheur par rapport au cylindre travailleur 1. Il est donc envisageable que cette angle α soit nul, ce qui est illustré dans l'exemple de carde de la figure 2C.In the particular example of FIG. 1, the straight portion 9 of the conveyor belt 5 is inclined upward relative to the horizontal at an angle α . This inclination is mainly conditioned by problems of space requirement of the conveyor 5 with respect to the main drum (not shown) of the card, and is linked to the position of the working cylinder 1 relative to this drum, as well as to the position of the detaching cylinder with respect to the working cylinder 1. It is therefore conceivable that this angle α is zero, which is illustrated in the example of card in FIG. 2C.

L'écartement entre la portion rectiligne 9 de réception du voile et la périphérie du cylindre détacheur, c'est à dire en l'occurrence les pointes de la garniture 8, est représentée sur la figure 1 par la distance e. Avantageusement. la position de l'axe de rotation 7 du cylindre détacheur 4 était ajustable dans une direction orthogonale à la portion rectiligne 9 de réception du voile, de telle sorte que la distance e soit réglable en fonction de l'épaisseur du voile. La boíte d'aspiration 6 est positionnée en regard du cylindre détacheur 4, de l'autre côté de la portion rectiligne 9 de la bande de transport, et crée une zone de dépression 10 de largeur L entre le cylindre détacheur 4 et la portion rectiligne 9 de la bande du transporteur 5 laquelle portion rectiligne 9 vient quasiment à la tangente du cylindre détacheur selon une ligne T dite ligne de quasi-tangence.The spacing between the rectilinear portion 9 for receiving the web and the periphery of the detaching cylinder, that is to say in this case the tips of the lining 8, is represented in FIG. 1 by the distance e . Advantageously. the position of the axis of rotation 7 of the detaching cylinder 4 was adjustable in a direction orthogonal to the rectilinear portion 9 for receiving the web, so that the distance e is adjustable as a function of the thickness of the web. The suction box 6 is positioned opposite the detaching cylinder 4, on the other side of the straight portion 9 of the conveyor belt, and creates a vacuum zone 10 of width L between the detaching cylinder 4 and the straight portion 9 of the conveyor belt 5 which straight portion 9 comes almost to the tangent of the detaching cylinder along a line T called the line of quasi-tangency.

Dans l'exemple particulier illustré à la figure 1, la zone de dépression 10 débute en amont et à une distance d de la ligne de quasi-tangence T, par rapport au sens de déplacement D de la bande 9, et s'étend en aval de cette ligne de quasi-tangence , sur une distance d'.In the particular example illustrated in FIG. 1, the vacuum zone 10 begins upstream and at a distance d from the line of quasi-tangency T, with respect to the direction of movement D of the strip 9, and extends in downstream of this line of quasi-tangency, over a distance of .

Lorsque le voile 2 arrive au contact du cylindre détacheur 4, il est détaché de la périphérie du cylindre travailleur 1 par les pointes isocèles de la garniture 8 du cylindre détacheur. A partir du point A, ce voile est donc transféré et adhère à la périphérie du cylindre détacheur 4. Cette adhérence est due dans le cas présent principalement à l'action des pointes isocèles de la garniture 8, mais également au flux d'air superficiel engendré par le cylindre détacheur 4 à sa périphérie lors de la rotation. Ce flux d'air est symbolisé sur la figure 1, en aval de la ligne de quasi-tangence T par des flèches F.When the web 2 comes into contact with the detaching cylinder 4, it is detached from the periphery of the working cylinder 1 by the isosceles tips of the lining 8 of the detaching cylinder. From point A, this veil is therefore transferred and adheres to the periphery of the detaching cylinder 4. This adhesion is mainly due in this case to the action of the isosceles tips of the lining 8, but also to the surface air flow generated by the detaching cylinder 4 at its periphery during rotation. This air flow is symbolized in Figure 1, downstream of the quasi-tangency line T by arrows F.

On pourrait utiliser en guise de cylindre détacheur , un cylindre lisse. Dans ce cas, l'adhérence serait due principalement à ce flux d'air superficiel. Il est également envisageable dans le cadre de l'invention, d'utiliser un cylindre aspirant perforé en guise de cylindre détacheur L'intérêt d'utiliser un cylindre détacheur à garniture isocèle ou similaire, est d'accroítre la fiabilité de la reprise du voile par ce cylindre. Il est à noter que l'on obtiendrait un degré de fiabilité comparable avec un cylindre détacheur présentant des cannelures longitudinales sur toute sa périphérie.We could use it as a detaching cylinder, a smooth cylinder. In this case, adhesion would be due mainly to this surface air flow. he is also conceivable in the context of the invention, to use a suction cylinder perforated as a detaching cylinder The advantage of using a liner detaching cylinder isosceles or similar, is to increase the reliability of the recovery of the veil by this cylinder. It should be noted that one would obtain a comparable degree of reliability with a cylinder detacher with longitudinal grooves all over its periphery.

Lorsque le voile 2 arrive au début de la zone de dépression 10, il commence à se détacher de la périphérie du cylindre détacheur 4, au point B, sous les effets conjugués de la gravité et du flux d'aspiration créé par la boíte 6 à travers la bande 9. Il en résulte que le voile 2 se pose sur la bande 9 au niveau de la ligne de quasi-tangence T et est maintenu à la surface de cette bande 9 jusqu'à la sortie de la zone de dépression 10. La distance e doit être suffisamment faible pour que le voile 2 ne subisse pas de déformation notamment sous l'effet de son propre poids ou du flux d'air engendré par la rotation du cylindre détacheur 4, lorsqu'il passe de la périphérie du cylindre détacheur 4 à la bande du transporteur 5. Il est important de souligner que le déplacement de la bande du transporteur 5 dans le sens D engendre également à la surface de cette bande une couche d'air mince se déplaçant à la même vitesse et dans le même sens. Cette couche d'air mince et le flux d'aspiration engendré par le cylindre détacheur 4 créent dans l'espace situé entre le cylindre détacheur 4 et la bande 9, en amont de leur ligne T de quasi-tangence, une zone de turbulence qui tend à décoller le voile 2 de la surface de la bande 9. C'est pour cette raison qu'il est préférable que la zone de dépression s'étende jusqu'à ce que les effets de cette zone de turbulence ne se fassent plus sentir, et qu'il est préférable que la distance d' qui sépare la fin de la zone de dépression 10 de la ligne de quasi-tangence T soit en pratique au moins égale au rayon r du cylindre détacheur 4.When the web 2 arrives at the beginning of the vacuum zone 10, it begins to detach from the periphery of the detaching cylinder 4, at point B, under the combined effects of gravity and the suction flow created by the box 6 at through the strip 9. As a result, the web 2 is placed on the strip 9 at the level of the quasi-tangency line T and is held on the surface of this strip 9 until the exit from the vacuum zone 10. The distance e must be sufficiently small so that the web 2 does not undergo deformation in particular under the effect of its own weight or the air flow generated by the rotation of the detaching cylinder 4, when it passes from the periphery of the cylinder detacher 4 to the conveyor belt 5. It is important to emphasize that the movement of the conveyor belt 5 in the direction D also generates on the surface of this band a thin layer of air moving at the same speed and in the Same direction. This thin air layer and the suction flow generated by the detaching cylinder 4 create in the space located between the detaching cylinder 4 and the strip 9, upstream of their line T of quasi-tangency, a turbulence zone which tends to peel off the web 2 from the surface of the strip 9. It is for this reason that it is preferable for the zone of depression to extend until the effects of this zone of turbulence are no longer felt. , and that it is preferable that the distance d 'which separates the end of the depression zone 10 from the line of quasi-tangency T is in practice at least equal to the radius r of the detaching cylinder 4.

Au-delà de cette zone de turbulence, le voile fibreux est entraíné sans glissement à la surface de la bande 9 du transporteur, par la couche d'air mince qui est engendrée par le déplacement de cette bande. La vitesse du voile est donc identique à la vitesse de la bande du transporteur. Celle-ci étant par ailleurs identique à la vitesse périphénque du cylindre détacheur 4, il en résulte que le voile fibreux ne subit aucun étirage. Il convient de noter qu'en pratique, il est possible de tolérer une variation de vitesse pouvant atteindre 2% entre la vitesse linéaire du transporteur et la vitesse périphérique du cylindre détacheur, sans que cette variation n'occasionne une modification de la structure du voile qui soit préjudiciable à la qualité et à la cohésion du voile produit.Beyond this zone of turbulence, the fibrous veil is driven without sliding on the surface of the strip 9 of the conveyor, by the thin layer of air which is generated by moving this strip. Speed of the web is therefore identical to the speed of the web of the carrier. This being also identical to the speed periphery of the detaching cylinder 4, this results that the fibrous veil does not undergo any stretching. It suits note that in practice it is possible to tolerate a speed variation of up to 2% between speed linear of the conveyor and the peripheral speed of the detaching cylinder, without this variation causing a change in the structure of the veil which is harmful the quality and cohesion of the veil produced.

Dans l'exemple particulier de la figure 1, la boíte d'aspiration 6 comporte une face d'aspiration constituée par deux plans inclinés convergents 11a; 11b, formant sensiblement un V et séparés par une fente d'aspiration 12, qui est disposée dans une direction orthogonale à la direction de déplacement D de la portion rectiligne 9 de la bande du transporteur 5. Cette face d'aspiration s'étend de préférence sur toute la largeur du voile 2 de telle sorte que la zone de dépression entre la bande du transporteur et le cylindre détacheur 4 atteigne les lisières de ce voile. Cette boíte d'aspiration 6 permet de créer une zone de dépression variable, qui augmente depuis le point B jusqu'à un maximum au niveau de la fente d'aspiration 12, puis qui décroít jusqu'à la fin de la zone de dépression. La vitesse du flux d'aspiration engendrée par cette boíte d'aspiration à travers la portion rectiligne 9 de la bande du transporteur 5 est donc maximale au niveau de la fente d'aspiration 12.In the particular example of Figure 1, the suction box 6 has a suction face formed by two converging inclined planes 11 a ; 11b , substantially forming a V and separated by a suction slot 12, which is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the direction of movement D of the straight portion 9 of the conveyor belt 5. This suction face extends preferably over the entire width of the web 2 so that the vacuum zone between the conveyor belt and the detaching cylinder 4 reaches the edges of this web. This suction box 6 creates a variable vacuum zone, which increases from point B to a maximum at the suction slot 12, then decreases until the end of the vacuum zone. The speed of the suction flow generated by this suction box through the straight portion 9 of the conveyor belt 5 is therefore maximum at the suction slot 12.

On comprend à la lumière de la description qui a été faite du transfert du voile fibreux du cylindre détacheur 4 à la portion rectiligne 9 du transporteur 5, que la zone de dépression 10 doit permettre d'au moins compenser l'adhérence du voile fibreux à la périphérie du cylindre détacheur 4, ainsi que les effets de la turbulence créée en aval de la ligne de quasi-tangence T. Les caractéristiques de cette zone de dépression dépendent principalement du type de cylindre détacheur utilisé, du grammage du voile fibreux produit et de l'angle d'inclinaison α de la portion rectiligne 9.We understand in the light of the description which was made of the transfer of the fibrous web from the detaching cylinder 4 to the straight portion 9 of the conveyor 5, that the depression zone 10 must allow at least compensate for the adhesion of the fibrous veil to the periphery of the detaching cylinder 4, as well as the effects of turbulence created downstream of the quasi-tangency line T. Les characteristics of this depression area depend mainly of the type of detaching cylinder used, the grammage of the fibrous veil produced and the angle of inclination α of the straight portion 9.

Dans un exemple précis de réalisation, le rayon r du cylindre à garniture isocèle était d'environ 80 mm ; la boíte d'aspiration 6 était positionnée de telle sorte que la distance d valait environ 20 mm, et la distance d' était sensiblement égale au rayon r ; la vitesse du flux d'aspiration. mesurée entre le cylindre détacheur 4 et la portion rectiligne 9, au niveau de la fente d'aspiration 12, était comprise entre 1 et 2 m/seconde ; l'angle α pouvait varier en valeur absolue entre 0 et 90° et la distance e était réglable en 0 et 50mm .En mettant en oeuvre cet exemple précis de réalisation, il a été possible de détacher et transporter en sortie de carde un voile ayant un grammage compris entre 5g/m2 et 100g/m2 , et avec une vitesse pouvant atteindre 300 m/minute, tout en conservant l'isotropie des propriétés mécaniques de ce voile. A titre indicatif, l'épaisseur e du voile pour un grammage de 10g/m2 était de l'ordre de 5mm.In a specific exemplary embodiment, the radius r of the cylinder with isosceles lining was approximately 80 mm; the suction box 6 was positioned so that the distance d was about 20 mm, and the distance d was substantially equal to the radius r ; the speed of the suction flow. measured between the detaching cylinder 4 and the straight portion 9, at the suction slot 12, was between 1 and 2 m / second; the angle α could vary in absolute value between 0 and 90 ° and the distance e was adjustable in 0 and 50mm. By implementing this specific example of implementation, it was possible to detach and transport at the outlet of the card a veil having a basis weight between 5g / m 2 and 100g / m 2 , and with a speed of up to 300 m / minute, while retaining the isotropy of the mechanical properties of this veil. As an indication, the thickness e of the web for a grammage of 10 g / m 2 was of the order of 5 mm.

Il est bien entendu possible dans le cadre de l'invention de remplacer la boíte d'aspiration 6 qui a été décrite par tout type de moyens d'aspiration approprié. Plus particulièrement, il est envisageable d'utiliser une boíte d'aspiration créant une zone de dépression avec des gradients de dépression qui sont différents en amont ou en aval de la fente d'aspiration 12, ce qui se traduit par une inclinaison différente des deux plans convergents 11a, 11b.It is of course possible in the context of the invention to replace the suction box 6 which has been described by any type of suitable suction means. More particularly, it is possible to use a suction box creating a vacuum zone with vacuum gradients which are different upstream or downstream of the suction slot 12, which results in a different inclination of the two convergent planes 11 a , 11 b .

Au démarrage de la carde, tant que celle-ci n'a pas atteint son régime normal de fonctionnement, le voile fibreux produit présente une épaisseur moindre et un grammage plus faible. Par conséquent, afin d'éviter tout risque d'enroulement du voile fibreux à la périphérie du cylindre détacheur 4, au démarrage de la carde, il est possible dans le cadre de l'invention d'augmenter le flux d'aspiration engendré par la boíte 6, jusqu'à ce que la carde ait atteint son régime normal et que le voile produit présente les caractéristiques requises de poids et d'épaisseur.When the card starts, as long as it has not reaches its normal operating regime, the veil fibrous product has a reduced thickness and a lower grammage. Therefore, in order to avoid any risk of the fibrous veil wrapping around the periphery of the detaching cylinder 4, when the card starts, it is possible within the framework of the invention to increase the flow suction generated by the box 6, until the has reached its normal speed and the veil is producing has the required weight characteristics and thick.

On a représenté aux figures 2A, 2B et 2C trois exemples possibles de configuration en sortie de carde, permettant la production en parallèle de deux voiles fibreux, et leur superposition. Sur ces figures, le tambour principal de la carde est référencé 13. La première voie de sortie supérieure est constituée d'un contre-tambour 14, d'un peigneur 15, et de deux condenseurs successifs 16 et 17; la deuxième voie de sortie inférieure est constituée par un contre-tambour 18 et un peigneur 19 Ces deux voies de sortie sont équipées respectivement d'un dispositif 20,21, qui est semblable à celui de la figure 1 Le cylindre détacheur et la boite d'aspiration de chaque dispositif sont respectivement référencés 22 et 23; le dernier cylindre condenseur 17 pour la voie supérieure et le cylindre peigneur 19 pour la voie inférieure correspondent au cylindre travailleur 1 du dispositif de la figure 1.FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C show three possible examples of configuration at the card outlet, allowing the parallel production of two fibrous webs, and their overlap. In these figures, the drum principal of the card is referenced 13. The first way upper outlet consists of a counter drum 14, a comber 15, and two successive condensers 16 and 17; the second lower exit route is constituted by a counter-drum 18 and a painter 19 These two exit channels are equipped respectively of a device 20,21, which is similar to that of the figure 1 The detaching cylinder and the suction box of each device are respectively referenced 22 and 23; the last condenser cylinder 17 for the upper track and the comb cylinder 19 for the lower track correspond to worker cylinder 1 of the Figure 1.

Dans les deux exemples des figures 2A et 2B, on utilise un unique transporteur à bande pour les deux voies de sortie. Dans l'exemple de la figure 2A, ce transporteur à bande comporte une portion rectiligne 24, qui est utilisée pour la réception des deux voiles fibreux au niveau des deux dispositifs 20 et 21. Ainsi le premier voile fibreux, issu de la voie inférieure, est acheminé par cette portion rectiligne 24 jusqu'à l'entrée de la zone de dépression créée par la boíte d'aspiration 23 du dispositif 20 de la voie supérieure. Au niveau de cette zone de dépression, le deuxième voile fibreux issu de la voie supérieure vient se superposer sur le premier voile fibreux, le flux d'aspiration créé par la boíte d'aspiration permettant à la fois de maintenir le premier voile fibreux issu de la voie inférieure à la surface de la portion rectiligne 24 et de détacher le deuxième voile fibreux issu de la voie supérieure pour le superposer au premier voile fibreux.In the two examples of FIGS. 2A and 2B, we uses a single belt conveyor for both exit routes. In the example of FIG. 2A, this transporter belt has a straight portion 24, which is used for the reception of the two fibrous webs at level of the two devices 20 and 21. Thus the first fibrous veil, coming from the lower route, is conveyed by this rectilinear portion 24 up to the entrance to the depression created by the suction box 23 of the device 20 of the upper track. In this area depression, the second fibrous veil from the pathway upper is superimposed on the first fibrous veil, the suction flow created by the suction box allowing both to maintain the first fibrous veil from the route below the surface of the straight portion 24 and detach the second fibrous veil from of the upper track to superimpose it on the first veil fibrous.

Dans l'exemple de la figure 2B, le cylindre détacheur 22 et la boíte d'aspiration 23 du dispositif 20 de la voie de sortie supérieure sont positionnés de part et d'autre de la portion rectiligne 25 du transporteur à bande, juste en aval du changement de direction de la bande de ce transporteur. Cette variante de réalisation présente l'avantage d'éviter les risques de décollement du voile fibreux lors du changement de direction du transporteur. En effet, lorsque le premier voile fibreux issu de la voie inférieure arrive au niveau de ce changement de direction, il se trouve maintenu à la surface du transporteur du fait de la présence de la boíte d'aspiration 23 juste en aval de ce changement de direction.In the example of FIG. 2B, the detaching cylinder 22 and the suction box 23 of the device 20 of the upper exit route are positioned on the side and on the other side of the rectilinear portion 25 of the belt conveyor, just downstream of the change of direction of the strip of this carrier. This variant embodiment presents the advantage of avoiding the risks of detachment of the fibrous veil when changing the conveyor's direction. When the first fibrous veil from the lower track arrives at the level of this change of direction, it is held on the surface of the transporter due to the presence of the suction box 23 just downstream of this change of direction.

Dans le troisième exemple de la figure 2C, chaque dispositif 20, 21 possède son propre transporteur à bande 26, 27. Le cylindre détacheur 22 de chaque dispositif 20, 21 est situé sensiblement à l'aplomb respectivement du condenseur 17 et du peigneur 19. Le transporteur 27 est horizontal. Le transporteur 26 est incliné vers le bas et permet l'acheminement du voile fibreux issu de la voie supérieure à la surface et dans le prolongement du transporteur 27. La superposition des deux voiles fibreux issus de la carde est donc réalisée au niveau de la zone de jonction 28 entre les deux transporteurs 26 et 27. Au niveau de cette zone de jonction 28 sont en outre prévus des moyens d'aspiration supplémentaires dont la fonction est d'une part de maintenir le premier voile fibreux issu de la voie inférieure à la surface du transporteur 27 lors de la superposition des deux voiles et d'autre part de poser, sur ce transporteur 27, le voile fibreux acheminé par le transporteur 26In the third example in Figure 2C, each device 20, 21 has its own conveyor belt 26, 27. The detaching cylinder 22 of each device 20, 21 is located substantially vertically respectively of the condenser 17 and the doffer 19. The conveyor 27 is horizontal. Conveyor 26 is tilted down and allows the routing of the fibrous veil from the path above the surface and in line with the transporter 27. The superposition of the two fibrous webs from the card is therefore carried out at the junction zone 28 between the two conveyors 26 and 27. At this junction zone 28 are in additionally provided additional suction means whose function is on the one hand to maintain the first fibrous veil from the lower pathway on the surface of the transporter 27 during the superposition of the two sails and on the other hand to lay the veil on this conveyor 27 fibrous conveyed by the transporter 26

Claims (11)

  1. A carder fitted with a device for removing and transporting a fiber web at the outlet of said carder, the device being of the type comprising a takeoff cylinder (4) adjacent to a last outlet cylinder called working cylinder and ensuring the removal of the web on its periphery at the outlet of a carder, and a conveyor belt (5) which possesses a rectilinear portion (9) for receiving the web (2), which portion passes close to the takeoff cylinder (4) and in a direction that is orthogonal to the axis of rotation (7) of the takeoff cylinder, characterised in that it comprises suction means, in that the conveyor belt (5) is permeable to air, and is interposed between the suction means and the takeoff cylinder (4), and in that the suction means are capable of creating a suction zone between the takeoff cylinder (4) and the rectilinear portion (9) of the belt at the almost-tangential line (T) thereof, such that by driving the conveyor belt (5) with a linear speed that is substantially equal to the peripheral speed of the takeoff cylinder (4), the fiber web may be removed from the takeoff cylinder at the almost-tangential line (T) and be placed on the rectilinear portion (9) of the conveyor belt at high speed without being subjected to any significant alteration of its structure.
  2. A carder according to claim 1, characterised in that the distance between the periphery of the takeoff cylinder (4) and the rectilinear web-receiving portion (9) is adjustable.
  3. A carder according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the distance e between the rectilinear web-receiving portion (9) and the periphery of the takeoff cylinder (4) is preferably equal to or slightly greater than the thickness ε of the web.
  4. A carder according to claim 1, characterised in that the suction means create a suction zone (10) between the takeoff cylinder (4) and the rectilinear web-receiving portion (9) in which the suction zone extends over at least the entire width of the web (2), begins at the almost-tangential line T between the takeoff cylinder (4) and the rectilinear web-receiving portion (9) or upstream from said almost-tangential line T relative to the displacement direction D of the rectilinear web-receiving portion (9), and extends downstream from the almost-tangential line T over at least the radius r of the takeoff cylinder:
  5. A carder according to claim 4, characterised in that the distance d between the almost-tangential line T and the beginning of the suction zone is less than the radius r of the takeoff cylinder (4).
  6. A carder according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the suction means are designed so as to create a zone (10) of non-constant suction in which the amount of suction increases continuously or substantially continuously from the beginning of the zone up to a maximum, and then deceases continuously or substantially continuously down to the end of the suction zone.
  7. A carder according to claim 6, characterised in that the suction means comprise a suction box (6) whose suction face that is situated facing the rectilinear web-receiving portion (9) is constituted by two converging inclined planes (11a, 11b) that are separated from each other by a suction slot (12) which extends orthogonally to the displacement direction of said rectilinear portion (9).
  8. A carder according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the takeoff cylinder (4) is fitted on its periphery with an isosceles cover (8) or includes longitudinal fluting at its periphery, whereby it enables the web (2) to be removed while using adhesion that is less than that of the web on the last working cylinder (1).
  9. A carder according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it is fitted at its outlet with at least two devices (20, 21) referred to in one of claims 1 to 8, and organized to enable the two webs coming from their two takeoff cylinders (22) to be superposed.
  10. A carder according to claim 9, characterised in that it is fitted at its outlet with a single conveyor belt common to both devices.
  11. A carder according to claim 10, characterised in that each device possesses its own conveyor belt, namely a first conveyor (26) that conveys a first web to the belt of the second conveyor (27) so as to place the first web over and in line with the belt of the second conveyor (27), and in that the second conveyor (27) is fitted in the junction zone (28) between the two belts of the conveyors with suction means (29) enabling the first web to be placed on the web conveyed by the second conveyor (27).
EP94490055A 1994-09-30 1994-11-16 Device for taking off and transporting, with a high speed, a fibre web at the exit of a carding machine Expired - Lifetime EP0704561B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR9411920 1994-09-30
FR9411920A FR2725216B1 (en) 1994-09-30 1994-09-30 DEVICE FOR DETACHING AND TRANSPORTING AT HIGH SPEED A FIBROUS VEIL LEAVING A CARD

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EP0704561A1 EP0704561A1 (en) 1996-04-03
EP0704561B1 EP0704561B1 (en) 1998-04-15
EP0704561B2 true EP0704561B2 (en) 2004-07-28

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US (1) US5584101A (en)
EP (1) EP0704561B2 (en)
JP (1) JPH08209461A (en)
AT (1) ATE165125T1 (en)
DE (2) DE704561T1 (en)
DK (1) DK0704561T4 (en)
FR (1) FR2725216B1 (en)

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DE69409648D1 (en) 1998-05-20
JPH08209461A (en) 1996-08-13
DE69409648T2 (en) 1998-08-20
EP0704561B1 (en) 1998-04-15
FR2725216A1 (en) 1996-04-05
EP0704561A1 (en) 1996-04-03
ATE165125T1 (en) 1998-05-15
US5584101A (en) 1996-12-17
DE69409648T3 (en) 2005-02-17
DK0704561T4 (en) 2004-09-06
DK0704561T3 (en) 1998-06-02
DE704561T1 (en) 1997-06-05
FR2725216B1 (en) 1996-12-20

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