EP0702117A1 - Roof edge fascia system - Google Patents

Roof edge fascia system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0702117A1
EP0702117A1 EP95114100A EP95114100A EP0702117A1 EP 0702117 A1 EP0702117 A1 EP 0702117A1 EP 95114100 A EP95114100 A EP 95114100A EP 95114100 A EP95114100 A EP 95114100A EP 0702117 A1 EP0702117 A1 EP 0702117A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
profile
cover part
parapet
cover
rail
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95114100A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0702117B1 (en
Inventor
Wilhelmus M. Van Groesen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trespa International BV
Original Assignee
Hoechst AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0702117A1 publication Critical patent/EP0702117A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0702117B1 publication Critical patent/EP0702117B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/15Trimming strips; Edge strips; Fascias; Expansion joints for roofs
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04DROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/15Trimming strips; Edge strips; Fascias; Expansion joints for roofs
    • E04D13/158Trimming strips; Edge strips; Fascias; Expansion joints for roofs covering the overhang at the eave side, e.g. soffits, or the verge of saddle roofs
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04FFINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F19/00Other details of constructional parts for finishing work on buildings
    • E04F19/02Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves
    • E04F19/06Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves specially designed for securing panels or masking the edges of wall- or floor-covering elements
    • E04F19/061Borders; Finishing strips, e.g. beadings; Light coves specially designed for securing panels or masking the edges of wall- or floor-covering elements used to finish off an edge or corner of a wall or floor covering area

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for roof edge edging with a first, lower, directly attachable to a flat roof profile, which has a cover part, which rests on a flat roof cladding, and a downwardly directed stop rail, and with a second, upper profile, which is also a cover part has, which lies at a distance above the cover part of the first profile, and a cover rail which runs at a distance from the stop rail of the first profile and completely covers it, and with profile elements for connecting the two profiles together.
  • Such a system is known from document EP-B-0 132 896, which has a first, lower profile which is to be fastened on the roof and a cover rail for covering the edge of the roof skin material, and a second, upper profile which also has a cover rail, which lies above said first cover rail of the first profile.
  • a device is provided for connecting the two profiles to one another, the first, lower profile being equipped with an upwardly directed rib, while the upwardly directed end piece of the second, upper profile is part of a U-shaped rib, the inner surface of which rests on the top of the rib.
  • the arrangement is such that the second profile is easily removable and is at a distance above the first profile.
  • the outer arm of the U-shaped rib of the second profile merges into a cover edge, which is in front of the downward end piece of the first, lower Profiles runs.
  • the upward-facing rib has an M-shaped cross section, and a screw engages in a recess of the rib, which screw is passed through one leg of the U-shaped rib of the second profile.
  • a roof edging system is known with a first, lower section and a second, upper section, in which both sections have a cover strip, the cover strip of the first section being fastened on top of the roof covering material and the Cover strip of the second section lies above the cover strip of the first section.
  • a third section that forms a cover edge in front of a wall.
  • the object of the invention is to improve and further develop an arrangement of the type described at the outset such that the roof edge edging and covering and the parapet cladding can be assembled and ventilated by means of a single arrangement and that separate disassembly and assembly of the roof edge encasing and parapet cladding for maintenance work without Damage to the flat roof cladding and recycling of the arrangement is made possible.
  • a third profile is available for attaching a parapet cladding, which is attached at a distance from the installation height of the parapet cladding below the first and second profiles on a building wall, that the third profile with two webs, open at the top U-shaped brackets for a portion of the lower edge of the parapet trim is equipped and that the first profile on its underside runs parallel to the stop rail springs, which together with the stop rail form open U-shaped brackets for the upper edge of the parapet trim.
  • the two profile elements of the first profile consist of a profile end of the cover part which is angled upwards at an angle and a profile nose which is arranged on the profile end of the cover part and protrudes beyond the stop rail.
  • the two profile elements of the second profile consist of a rounded profile hook of the cover part and a snap seat attached to the inside of the cover rail, the profile nose of the cover part of the first profile snapping into the snap seat for connecting the first and second profiles and the Profile hook includes the upward sloping profile end of the cover of the first profile.
  • the advantages are achieved that the invisible fastening of the parapet cladding is integrated in the cover of the roof edge edging, a technically flawless and optically clean assembly of the parapet cladding and easy disassembly of both the parapet cladding and the roof edge edging is possible, and that the rear of the parapet covering can be adequately ventilated. It is also advantageous that tension-free working of the parapet cladding is possible as a result of temperature and weather influences and that material, assembly and logistical costs through the use of a common system for the edge of the roof and the fastening of the Parapet cladding can be reduced.
  • this arrangement enables separate dismantling of the roof edge trim and parapet cladding without damaging the flat roof cladding. Further advantages result from the small number of assembly and disassembly steps, errors being largely excluded due to the small number of assembly and disassembly procedures.
  • FIG. 1 shows the arrangement 1, which is mounted on a roof and a wall of a building, and consists of three profiles A, B, C in section.
  • Profiles A to C are generally aluminum profiles, but can also be made of other metals or plastic.
  • the first profile A is fastened to a flat roof cladding 4 by means of screws.
  • a screw connection 2 is provided which is raised and is delimited on both sides of a hole by ribs 21 which simplify the positioning of the screws.
  • the increased screw connection 2 prevents the ingress of water, which may occur could collect on the top of a cover part 23 of profile A.
  • On the underside of the cover part 23 there are cross webs 3 on both sides of the screw connection 2.
  • Another cross web 3 is arranged near a profile end 11 of the cover part 23.
  • the transverse webs 3 cause the cover part 23 to be spaced from the flat roof and, after the screws have been screwed into the screw connection 2, form a seal for the flat roof cladding 4 through the profile A.
  • One or more springs 7 extend from the underside 3 of the cover part 23 in addition to the stop rail 6, whose spring ends 8 have a thinner cross section than the springs 7 and have a slightly curved shape.
  • the stop rail 6 and the springs 7 are provided with ventilation holes 10, which lie opposite one another.
  • the stop rail 6 has a lower edge 37 offset inwards of the U-shaped holder, which abuts the parapet cover 22 in the upper region. The offset lower edge 37 of the stop rail 6 prevents the burrs that may arise when drilling the ventilation holes 10 hinder the assembly of the parapet cladding 22.
  • the second, upper profile B like the first profile A, has a cover part 24, which lies at a distance above the cover part 23 of the first profile A, as can be seen from FIG. 1.
  • a cover rail 25 extends downward from the cover part 24 and runs at a distance from the stop rail 6 of the first profile A and covers it completely.
  • a snap seat 14 is arranged, in which the profile nose 12 of the first profile A is engaged.
  • the free end of the cover part 24 is designed as a profile hook 13, which encloses the profile end 11 of the first profile A in the assembled state of the profiles.
  • stops 5 On the underside of the profile A there are one or more stops 5 which are arranged parallel and at a distance from the springs 7 and which bear against the end of a curved spring part 32 on a housing wall 26.
  • the stops 5 facilitate the positioning of the profile A with respect to the flat roof and the building wall 26.
  • the third profile C is an angle profile with legs 33, 34 of different lengths, of which the shorter leg 34 has at least one opening 15 for ventilating the parapet cladding 22 and for ensuring the condensate drainage.
  • the shorter leg 34 On the inside of the shorter leg 34, two webs 19, 20 extend upwards, which have different lengths. However, the lengths of the webs 19 and 20 can also be the same size.
  • the two webs 10 and 20 form U-shaped brackets for the parapet cladding 22.
  • Each of the legs 33 and 34 has ribs 16 and 17, respectively, which facilitate the positioning of a drill. Screws are passed through the boreholes 35, with which the profile C is screwed onto the building wall 26. The ribs 17 in turn facilitate the positioning of a drill.
  • the screw 18 is passed through the borehole 36.
  • the underside or lower edge 28 of the parapet cladding 22 is provided with a groove 9 which is delimited by two sections 27 of the parapet cladding 22.
  • the rear section 27 in the direction of view of the parapet cladding 22 is screwed tight by one or more screws 18 which are passed through the holes 36.
  • the screws 18 are self-tapping or self-tapping screws which fix the parapet cladding both horizontally and vertically.
  • the parapet cover 22 as such can consist of a single piece or of assembled elements.
  • Assembly 1 and parapet cladding 22 are assembled as follows: First, the first profile A is screwed to the flat roof by means of screws which are passed through the screw connection 2. The stops 5 ensure the correct positioning of the profile A with respect to the building wall 26. As the next step, the profile C is attached to the building wall 26 by screwing. Then the parapet trim 22 is pushed with its upper edge 29 into the downwardly open U-shaped brackets, formed from the stop rail 6 and the springs 7. For this purpose, it is advisable to tilt the parapet trim 22 at an angle.
  • the parapet cover 22 is raised upwards until the rear section 27 of the lower edge 28 of the parapet cover 22 in the upwardly open U-shaped brackets, formed from the webs 19 and 20 of the profile C. , can be inserted.
  • the position of the parapet cladding 22 is then fixed by means of the screws 18.
  • the second profile B is mounted on the first profile A.
  • the profile hook 13 comprises the upwardly inclined profile end 11 of the cover part 23 of the first profile A and the cover rail 25 is bent away from the housing wall 26 until the profile lug 12 of the cover part 23 of the first profile A can snap into the snap fit 14 on the inside of the cover rail 25.
  • the first profile A has an area of 310 to 350 mm 2, in particular 334 mm 2
  • the second profile an area of 210 to 250 mm 2, in particular 230 mm 2
  • the third profile C an area of 225 up to 265 mm2, in particular from 245 mm2.
  • the cover part 24 of the second profile B runs slightly obliquely inwards with respect to the horizontal, so as to be quick To ensure water drainage during precipitation on the flat roof.
  • the cover part 24 horizontally so that it includes a right angle together with the cover rail 25, while in the described embodiment of the profile B the angle between the cover part 24 and the cover rail 25 is slightly less than 90 ° is.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The roof edge mounting has a first lower profile (A) fixable directly on a flat roof and which has a cover part (23) locating on a flat roof cladding (4). It also has a downwardly directed stop rail (6). A second upper profile (B) also has a cover part (24) which locates at a distance over the cover part of the first profile, together with a cover rail (25) running at a distance in front of the stop rail of the first profile and completely covering it. For fixture of an attic cladding (22), a third profile (C) is available which is fixed beneath the first and second profiles on a building wall (26). The third profile is equipped with U-shaped retainers, upwardly open, for a part piece (27) of the lower edge (28) of the attic cladding.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Dachrandeinfassung mit einem ersten, unteren, unmittelbar auf einem Flachdach befestigbarem Profil, das ein Abdeckteil, das auf einer Flachdachverkleidung aufliegt, und eine nach unten gerichtete Anschlagschiene aufweist, und mit einem zweiten, oberen Profil, das ebenfalls ein Abdeckteil aufweist, das im Abstand über dem Abdeckteil des ersten Profils liegt, sowie eine Abdeckschiene, die im Abstand vor der Anschlagschiene des ersten Profils verläuft und diese vollständig abdeckt, und mit Profilelementen zum Verbinden der beiden Profile miteinander.The invention relates to an arrangement for roof edge edging with a first, lower, directly attachable to a flat roof profile, which has a cover part, which rests on a flat roof cladding, and a downwardly directed stop rail, and with a second, upper profile, which is also a cover part has, which lies at a distance above the cover part of the first profile, and a cover rail which runs at a distance from the stop rail of the first profile and completely covers it, and with profile elements for connecting the two profiles together.

Ein derartiges System ist aus dem Dokument EP-B-0 132 896 bekannt, das ein erstes, unteres Profil, das auf dem Dach zu befestigen ist, und eine Abdeckschiene zum Bedecken des Randes des Dachhautmaterials aufweist, sowie ein zweites, oberes Profil, das ebenfalls eine Abdeckschiene aufweist, die über der genannten ersten Abdeckschiene des ersten Profils liegt. Bei diesem System ist eine Einrichtung zum Verbinden der beiden Profile miteinander vorgesehen, wobei das erste, untere Profil mit einer nach oben gerichteten Rippe ausgestattet ist, während das nach oben gerichtete Endstück des zweiten, oberen Profils Teil einer U-förmigen Rippe ist, deren Innenfläche auf dem oberen Ende der Rippe ruht. Die Anordnung ist so getroffen, daß das zweite Profil leicht abnehmbar ist und mit Abstand oberhalb des ersten Profils liegt. Der äußere Arm der U-förmigen Rippe des zweiten Profils geht in einen Abdeckrand über, der vor dem nach unten gerichteten Endstück des ersten, unteren Profils verläuft. Die nach oben gerichtete Rippe hat einen M-förmigen Querschnitt, und in eine Vertiefung der Rippe greift eine Schraube ein, die durch den einen Schenkel der U-förmigen Rippe des zweiten Profils hindurchgeführt ist. Bei diesem System ist die Befestigung einer Attikaverkleidung des Dachrandes nicht vorgesehen. Beim Bau von Gebäuden werden im allgemeinen Dachkantenprofile und Attikaverkleidung separat und häufig von verschiedenen Firmen montiert, was zu einem hoben Bauaufwand durch Verlängerung der Bauzeit und Erhöhung der Baukosten führt. Die Möglichkeit einer gemeinsamen Montage und die Kombination von einem Verkleidungssystem für die Dachrandeinfassung und einem Befestigungssystem für die Attikaverkleidung werden dabei nicht genutzt.Such a system is known from document EP-B-0 132 896, which has a first, lower profile which is to be fastened on the roof and a cover rail for covering the edge of the roof skin material, and a second, upper profile which also has a cover rail, which lies above said first cover rail of the first profile. In this system, a device is provided for connecting the two profiles to one another, the first, lower profile being equipped with an upwardly directed rib, while the upwardly directed end piece of the second, upper profile is part of a U-shaped rib, the inner surface of which rests on the top of the rib. The arrangement is such that the second profile is easily removable and is at a distance above the first profile. The outer arm of the U-shaped rib of the second profile merges into a cover edge, which is in front of the downward end piece of the first, lower Profiles runs. The upward-facing rib has an M-shaped cross section, and a screw engages in a recess of the rib, which screw is passed through one leg of the U-shaped rib of the second profile. With this system, the attachment of a parapet covering of the roof edge is not provided. When building buildings, roof edge profiles and parapet cladding are generally installed separately and often by different companies, which leads to increased construction costs by extending the construction time and increasing the construction costs. The possibility of joint assembly and the combination of a cladding system for the roof edge edging and a fastening system for the parapet cladding are not used.

Bei den gängigen, sichtbaren und unsichtbaren Befestigungssystemen für Attikaverkleidungen ist eine Demontage dieser Verkleidung, um beispielsweise eine Reparatur oder Sanierung durchzuführen, nahezu unmöglich, ohne daß es zu einer Beschädigung der Flachdachverkleidung kommt. Dadurch werden die Instandhaltungskosten erheblich verteuert.With the common, visible and invisible fastening systems for parapet cladding, it is almost impossible to dismantle this cladding, for example to carry out a repair or refurbishment, without causing damage to the flat roof cladding. This makes the maintenance costs considerably more expensive.

So ist aus dem Dokument DE-A - 20 41 116 ein Dacheinfassungssystem mit einem ersten, unteren Abschnitt und einem zweiten, oberen Abschnitt bekannt, bei dem beide Abschnitte einen Abdeckstreifen aufweisen, wobei der Abdeckstreifen des ersten Abschnittes oben auf dem Dachabdeckmaterial befestigt ist und der Abdeckstreifen des zweiten Abschnittes über dem Abdeckstreifen des ersten Abschnittes liegt. Des weiteren ist ein dritter Abschnitt vorhanden, der eine Abdeckkante vor einer Mauer bildet. Dieses System besteht aus Elementen, die unmittelbar an der Baustelle entsprechend der Abmessungen konfektioniert werden und erfordert daher einen erheblichen Aufwand an manueller und professioneller Arbeit. Es ist offensichtlich, daß dieses System, sobald es installiert ist, für Wartungsarbeiten nicht entfernt werden kann und, falls dies doch vorgenommen wird, das System nicht wiederverwendbar ist, so daß notwendigerweise ein neues Dacheinfassungssystem angefertigt werden muß.From document DE-A-20 41 116 a roof edging system is known with a first, lower section and a second, upper section, in which both sections have a cover strip, the cover strip of the first section being fastened on top of the roof covering material and the Cover strip of the second section lies above the cover strip of the first section. There is also a third section that forms a cover edge in front of a wall. This system exists from elements that are assembled directly at the construction site according to the dimensions and therefore requires a considerable amount of manual and professional work. Obviously, once installed, this system cannot be removed for maintenance and, if it is done, the system is not reusable, so a new roofing system must necessarily be made.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Anordnung der eingangs beschriebenen Art so zu verbessern und weiterzuentwickeln, daß die Dachrandeinfassung und -abdeckung sowie die Attikaverkleidung mittels einer einzigen Anordnung montierbar und hinterlüftbar sind und daß eine getrennte Demontage und Montage der Dachrandeinfassung und Attikaverkleidung für Wartungsarbeiten, ohne Beschädigung der Flachdachverkleidung und mit Wiederverwertung der Anordnung ermöglicht wird.The object of the invention is to improve and further develop an arrangement of the type described at the outset such that the roof edge edging and covering and the parapet cladding can be assembled and ventilated by means of a single arrangement and that separate disassembly and assembly of the roof edge encasing and parapet cladding for maintenance work without Damage to the flat roof cladding and recycling of the arrangement is made possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß zum Befestigen einer Attikaverkleidung ein drittes Profil vorhanden ist, das im Abstand der Einbauhöhe der Attikaverkleidung unterhalb des ersten und zweiten Profils an einer Gebäudewand befestigt ist, daß das dritte Profil mit von zwei Stegen gebildeten, nach oben offenen U-förmigen Halterungen für ein Teilstück der Unterkante der Attikaverkleidung ausgestattet ist und daß das erste Profil auf seiner Unterseite parallel zu der Anschlagschiene verlaufende Federn aufweist, die zusammen mit der Anschlagschiene nach unten offene U-förmige Halterungen für die Oberkante der Attikaverkleidung formen.This object is achieved in that a third profile is available for attaching a parapet cladding, which is attached at a distance from the installation height of the parapet cladding below the first and second profiles on a building wall, that the third profile with two webs, open at the top U-shaped brackets for a portion of the lower edge of the parapet trim is equipped and that the first profile on its underside runs parallel to the stop rail springs, which together with the stop rail form open U-shaped brackets for the upper edge of the parapet trim.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung bestehen die beiden Profilelemente des ersten Profils aus einem schräg nach oben abgewinkelten Profilende des Abdeckteils und einer am dazu gegenüberliegenden Profilende des Abdeckteils angeordneten Profilnase, die über die Anschlagschiene vorsteht.In a further development of the invention, the two profile elements of the first profile consist of a profile end of the cover part which is angled upwards at an angle and a profile nose which is arranged on the profile end of the cover part and protrudes beyond the stop rail.

In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung bestehen die beiden Profilelemente des zweiten Profils aus einem abgerundeten Profilhaken des Abdeckteils und einem an der Innenseite der Abdeckschiene angebrachten Schnappsitz, wobei zum Verbinden des ersten und zweiten Profils miteinander die Profilnase des Abdeckteils des ersten Profils in den Schnappsitz einrastet und der Profilhaken das nach oben schräge Profilende des Abdeckteils des ersten Profils umfaßt.In one embodiment of the invention, the two profile elements of the second profile consist of a rounded profile hook of the cover part and a snap seat attached to the inside of the cover rail, the profile nose of the cover part of the first profile snapping into the snap seat for connecting the first and second profiles and the Profile hook includes the upward sloping profile end of the cover of the first profile.

Die weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche 4 bis 8.The further embodiment of the invention results from the features of claims 4 to 8.

Mit der Anordnung nach der Erfindung werden die Vorteile erzielt, daß die unsichtbare Befestigung der Attikaverkleidung in die Abdeckung der Dachrandeinfassung integriert ist, eine technisch einwandfrei und optisch saubere Montage der Attikaverkleidung sowie eine leichte Demontage sowohl der Attikaverkleidung als auch der Dachrandeinfassung möglich ist, und daß die Hinterseite der Attikaverkleidung ausreichend hinterlüftet werden kann. Von Vorteil ist ferner, daß ein spannungsfreies Arbeiten der Attikaverkleidung infolge von Temperatur- und Witterungseinflüssen möglich ist und daß Material-, Montage- und logistische Kosten durch den Einsatz eines gemeinsamen Systems für die Dachrandeinfassung und die Befestigung der Attikaverkleidung reduziert werden. Außerdem ermöglicht diese Anordnung eine separate Demontage der Dachrandeinfassung und der Attikaverkleidung ohne Beschädigung der Flachdachverkleidung. Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich durch die geringe Anzahl von Montage- und Demontageschritten, wobei wegen der geringen Anzahl von Montage- und Demontagehandlungen Fehler weitgehend ausgeschlossen bleiben.With the arrangement according to the invention, the advantages are achieved that the invisible fastening of the parapet cladding is integrated in the cover of the roof edge edging, a technically flawless and optically clean assembly of the parapet cladding and easy disassembly of both the parapet cladding and the roof edge edging is possible, and that the rear of the parapet covering can be adequately ventilated. It is also advantageous that tension-free working of the parapet cladding is possible as a result of temperature and weather influences and that material, assembly and logistical costs through the use of a common system for the edge of the roof and the fastening of the Parapet cladding can be reduced. In addition, this arrangement enables separate dismantling of the roof edge trim and parapet cladding without damaging the flat roof cladding. Further advantages result from the small number of assembly and disassembly steps, errors being largely excluded due to the small number of assembly and disassembly procedures.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnungen eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
im Schnitt eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung, bestehend aus drei Profilen A, B, C;
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht des Profils B;
Fig. 3
eine Schnittansicht des Profils A und
Fig. 4
eine Schnittansicht des Profils C.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings of an exemplary embodiment. Show it:
Fig. 1
on average an arrangement according to the invention, consisting of three profiles A, B, C;
Fig. 2
a sectional view of the profile B;
Fig. 3
a sectional view of profile A and
Fig. 4
a sectional view of profile C.

Figur 1 zeigt die an einem Dach und einer Wand eines Gebäudes montierte Anordnung 1, bestehend aus drei Profilen A, B, C im Schnitt. Die Profile A bis C sind im allgemeinen Aluminiumprofile, können jedoch auch aus anderen Metallen oder aus Kunststoff gefertigt sein. Das erste Profil A wird mittels Schrauben auf einer Flachdachverkleidung 4 befestigt. Hierzu ist eine Schraubverbindung 2 vorgesehen, die erhöht ausgeführt ist und zu beiden Seiten eines Loches von Rippen 21 begrenzt ist, die das Positionieren der Schrauben vereinfachen. Die erhöhte Schraubverbindung 2 verhütet das Eindringen von Wasser, das sich eventuell auf der Oberseite eines Abdeckteils 23 des Profils A sammeln könnte. Auf der Unterseite des Abdeckteils 23 befinden sich Querstege 3 zu beiden Seiten der Schraubverbindung 2. Ein weiterer Quersteg 3 ist nahe einem Profilende 11 des Abdeckteils 23 angeordnet. Die Querstege 3 bewirken einen Abstand des Abdeckteils 23 von dem Flachdach und bilden nach dem Eindrehen der Schrauben in die Schraubverbindung 2 eine Abdichtung der Flachdachverkleidung 4 durch das Profil A. Das Profil A, vgl. Fig. 3, umfaßt neben dem schon erwähnten Abdeckteil 23, das auf der Flachdachverkleidung 4 im Abstand der Querstege 3 aufliegt, eine nach unten gerichtete Anschlagschiene 6. Von der Unterseite 3 des Abdeckteils 23 erstrecken sich neben der Anschlagschiene 6 eine oder mehrere Federn 7, deren Federenden 8 einen dünneren Querschnitt als die Federn 7 besitzen und einen leicht bogenförmigen Verlauf aufweisen. Durch den verringerten Querschnitt des Federendes 8 im Vergleich zu der Feder 7 werden die Einklemmkräfte, die im Bereich einer Oberkante 29 einer Attikaverkleidung 22 auf diese aufgebracht werden, reduziert, so daß das Einschieben der Attikaverkleidung 22 in die U-förmigen, nach unten offenen Halterungen, gebildet aus den Federn 7 und der Anschlagschiene 6, leicht ausführbar ist. Die Anschlagschiene 6 und die Federn 7 sind mit Belüftungslöchern 10 ausgestattet, die sich gegenüberliegen. Die Anschlagschiene 6 besitzt eine nach innen der U-förmigen Halterung versetzte Unterkante 37, die im oberen Bereich an der Attikaverkleidung 22 anliegt. Die versetzte Unterkante 37 der Anschlagschiene 6 verhütet, daß die beim Bohren der Belüfungslöcher 10 eventuell entstehenden Grate die Montage der Attikaverkleidung 22 behindern.FIG. 1 shows the arrangement 1, which is mounted on a roof and a wall of a building, and consists of three profiles A, B, C in section. Profiles A to C are generally aluminum profiles, but can also be made of other metals or plastic. The first profile A is fastened to a flat roof cladding 4 by means of screws. For this purpose, a screw connection 2 is provided which is raised and is delimited on both sides of a hole by ribs 21 which simplify the positioning of the screws. The increased screw connection 2 prevents the ingress of water, which may occur could collect on the top of a cover part 23 of profile A. On the underside of the cover part 23 there are cross webs 3 on both sides of the screw connection 2. Another cross web 3 is arranged near a profile end 11 of the cover part 23. The transverse webs 3 cause the cover part 23 to be spaced from the flat roof and, after the screws have been screwed into the screw connection 2, form a seal for the flat roof cladding 4 through the profile A. The profile A, cf. 3, in addition to the already mentioned cover part 23, which rests on the flat roof cladding 4 at a distance from the transverse webs 3, comprises a stop rail 6 directed downwards. One or more springs 7 extend from the underside 3 of the cover part 23 in addition to the stop rail 6, whose spring ends 8 have a thinner cross section than the springs 7 and have a slightly curved shape. Due to the reduced cross section of the spring end 8 compared to the spring 7, the pinching forces which are applied to it in the area of an upper edge 29 of an attic covering 22 are reduced, so that the insertion of the attic covering 22 into the U-shaped, downwardly open holders , formed from the springs 7 and the stop rail 6, is easily executable. The stop rail 6 and the springs 7 are provided with ventilation holes 10, which lie opposite one another. The stop rail 6 has a lower edge 37 offset inwards of the U-shaped holder, which abuts the parapet cover 22 in the upper region. The offset lower edge 37 of the stop rail 6 prevents the burrs that may arise when drilling the ventilation holes 10 hinder the assembly of the parapet cladding 22.

Das zweite, obere Profil B weist, ebenso wie das erste Profil A, ein Abdeckteil 24 auf, das im Abstand über dem Abdeckteil 23 des ersten Profils A liegt, wie aus Figur 1 ersichtlich ist. Eine Abdeckschiene 25 erstreckt sich von dem Abdeckteil 24 nach unten und verläuft im Abstand vor der Anschlagschiene 6 des ersten Profils A und deckt diese vollständig ab. Wie aus Figur 2 zu entnehmen ist, befindet sich auf der Unterseite des Abdeckteils 24 ein Stützsteg 31, der im montierten Zustand der Profile auf dem Abdeckteil 23 des ersten Profils A aufliegt. An der Innenseite der Abdeckschiene 25 ist ein Schnappsitz 14 angeordnet, in welchem die Profilnase 12 des ersten Profils A eingerastet ist. Das freie Ende des Abdeckteils 24 ist als Profilhaken 13 ausgebildet, der im montierten Zustand der Profile das Profilende 11 des ersten Profils A umschließt. Auf der Unterseite des Profils A befinden sich ein oder mehrere Anschläge 5, die parallel und im Abstand zu den Federn 7 angeordnet sind und mit dem Ende eines bogenförmig gekrümmten Federteils 32 an einer Gehäusewand 26 anliegen. Die Anschläge 5 erleichtern das Positionieren des Profils A in bezug auf das Flachdach und die Gebäudewand 26.The second, upper profile B, like the first profile A, has a cover part 24, which lies at a distance above the cover part 23 of the first profile A, as can be seen from FIG. 1. A cover rail 25 extends downward from the cover part 24 and runs at a distance from the stop rail 6 of the first profile A and covers it completely. As can be seen from FIG. 2, there is a support web 31 on the underside of the cover part 24, which rests on the cover part 23 of the first profile A in the assembled state of the profiles. On the inside of the cover rail 25, a snap seat 14 is arranged, in which the profile nose 12 of the first profile A is engaged. The free end of the cover part 24 is designed as a profile hook 13, which encloses the profile end 11 of the first profile A in the assembled state of the profiles. On the underside of the profile A there are one or more stops 5 which are arranged parallel and at a distance from the springs 7 and which bear against the end of a curved spring part 32 on a housing wall 26. The stops 5 facilitate the positioning of the profile A with respect to the flat roof and the building wall 26.

Das dritte Profil C ist ein Winkelprofil mit unterschiedlich langen Schenkeln 33, 34, von denen der kürzere Schenkel 34 zumindest eine Öffnung 15 zum Hinterlüften der Attikaverkleidung 22 sowie zur Gewährleistung des Tauwasserablaufes aufweist. Auf der Innenseite des kürzeren Schenkels 34 erstrecken sich zwei Stege 19, 20 nach oben, die unterschiedliche Längen besitzen. Jedoch können die Längen der Stege 19 und 20 auch gleichgroß sein. Die beiden Stege 10 und 20 bilden U-förmige Halterungen für die Attikaverkleidung 22. Jeder der Schenkel 33 und 34 weist Rippen 16 bzw. 17 auf, die das Positionieren eines Bohrers erleichtern. Durch die Bohrlöcher 35 werden Schrauben hindurchgeführt, mit der das Profil C an der Gebäudewand 26 festgeschraubt wird. Die Rippen 17 erleichtern wiederum das Positionieren eines Bohrers. Durch das Bohrloch 36 wird die Schraube 18 hindurchgeführt. Die Unterseite bzw. Unterkante 28 der Attikaverkleidung 22 ist mit einer Nut 9 ausgestattet, die von zwei Teilstücken 27 der Attikaverkleidung 22 begrenzt ist. Das in Blickrichtung auf die Attikaverkleidung 22 hintere Teilstück 27 wird durch eine oder mehrere Schrauben 18, die durch die Löcher 36 hindurchgeführt sind, festgeschraubt. Bei den Schrauben 18 handelt es sich um selbstgewindeformende oder -schneidende Schrauben, welche die Attikaverkleidung sowohl horizontal als auch vertikal fixieren. Die Attikaverkleidung 22 als solche kann aus einem Einzelstück oder aus zusammengefügten Elementen bestehen.The third profile C is an angle profile with legs 33, 34 of different lengths, of which the shorter leg 34 has at least one opening 15 for ventilating the parapet cladding 22 and for ensuring the condensate drainage. On the inside of the shorter leg 34, two webs 19, 20 extend upwards, which have different lengths. However, the lengths of the webs 19 and 20 can also be the same size. The two webs 10 and 20 form U-shaped brackets for the parapet cladding 22. Each of the legs 33 and 34 has ribs 16 and 17, respectively, which facilitate the positioning of a drill. Screws are passed through the boreholes 35, with which the profile C is screwed onto the building wall 26. The ribs 17 in turn facilitate the positioning of a drill. The screw 18 is passed through the borehole 36. The underside or lower edge 28 of the parapet cladding 22 is provided with a groove 9 which is delimited by two sections 27 of the parapet cladding 22. The rear section 27 in the direction of view of the parapet cladding 22 is screwed tight by one or more screws 18 which are passed through the holes 36. The screws 18 are self-tapping or self-tapping screws which fix the parapet cladding both horizontally and vertically. The parapet cover 22 as such can consist of a single piece or of assembled elements.

Die Montage der Anordnung 1 sowie der Attikaverkleidung 22 geschieht wie folgt:
Zunächst wird das erste Profil A mit dem Flachdach mittels Schrauben, die durch die Schraubverbindung 2 hindurchgeführt werden, verschraubt. Die Anschläge 5 stellen dabei die richtige Positionierung des Profils A gegenüber der Gebäudewand 26 sicher. Als nächster Schritt erfolgt die Befestigung des Profils C an der Gebäudewand 26 durch Verschraubung. Danach wird die Attikaverkleidung 22 mit ihrer Oberkante 29 in die nach unten offenen U-förmigen Halterungen, gebildet aus der Anschlagschiene 6 und den Federn 7, eingeschoben. Hierzu ist es zweckmäßig, die Attikaverkleidung 22 schräg anzustellen. Sobald die Oberkante in die Halterungen eingesetzt ist, wird die Attikaverkleidung 22 so weit nach oben angehoben, bis das hintere Teilstück 27 der Unterkante 28 der Attikaverkleidung 22 in den nach oben offenen U-förmigen Halterungen, gebildet aus den Stegen 19 und 20 des Profils C, eingeschoben werden kann. Die Lage der Attikaverkleidung 22 wird, daran anschließend, mittels der Schrauben 18 fixiert. Zuletzt wird das zweite Profil B auf dem ersten Profil A montiert. Zum Verbinden der beiden Profile A und B miteinander umfaßt der Profilhaken 13 das nach oben schräg verlaufende Profilende 11 des Abdeckteils 23 des ersten Profils A und wird die Abdeckschiene 25 von der Gehäusewand 26 so weit nach außen weggebogen, bis die Profilnase 12 des Abdeckteils 23 des ersten Profils A in den Schnappsitz 14 auf der Innenseite der Abdeckschiene 25 einrasten kann. Bei der Demontage der Anordnung 1 werden die voranstehenden Schritte in umgekehrter Reihenfolge durchgeführt.
Assembly 1 and parapet cladding 22 are assembled as follows:
First, the first profile A is screwed to the flat roof by means of screws which are passed through the screw connection 2. The stops 5 ensure the correct positioning of the profile A with respect to the building wall 26. As the next step, the profile C is attached to the building wall 26 by screwing. Then the parapet trim 22 is pushed with its upper edge 29 into the downwardly open U-shaped brackets, formed from the stop rail 6 and the springs 7. For this purpose, it is advisable to tilt the parapet trim 22 at an angle. As soon as the upper edge is inserted into the brackets, the parapet cover 22 is raised upwards until the rear section 27 of the lower edge 28 of the parapet cover 22 in the upwardly open U-shaped brackets, formed from the webs 19 and 20 of the profile C. , can be inserted. The position of the parapet cladding 22 is then fixed by means of the screws 18. Finally, the second profile B is mounted on the first profile A. To connect the two profiles A and B together, the profile hook 13 comprises the upwardly inclined profile end 11 of the cover part 23 of the first profile A and the cover rail 25 is bent away from the housing wall 26 until the profile lug 12 of the cover part 23 of the first profile A can snap into the snap fit 14 on the inside of the cover rail 25. When disassembling the arrangement 1, the above steps are carried out in reverse order.

Zu dem für die Profile A, B und C verwendeten Material ist noch anzumerken, daß dieses eine gewisse Elastizität besitzt und im Hinblick auf eine große Witterungsbeständigkeit ausgewählt wird. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Anordnung 1 besitzt das erste Profil A eine Fläche von 310 bis 350 mm², insbesondere von 334 mm², das zweite Profil eine Fläche zwischen 210 und 250 mm², insbesondere von 230 mm², und das dritte Profil C eine Fläche von 225 bis 265 mm², insbesondere von 245 mm². Das Abdeckteil 24 des zweiten Profils B verläuft gegenüber der Horizontalen leicht schräg nach innen, um so einen schnellen Wasserabfluß bei Niederschlägen auf das Flachdach zu gewährleisten. Ebenso ist es aber auch möglich, das Abdeckteil 24 horizontal anzuordnen, so daß es zusammen mit der Abdeckschiene 25 einen rechten Winkel einschließt, während bei der beschriebenen dargestellten Ausführungsform des Profils B der Winkel zwischen dem Abdeckteil 24 und der Abdeckschiene 25 geringfügig kleiner als 90° ist.Regarding the material used for profiles A, B and C, it should also be noted that this has a certain elasticity and is selected with a view to great weather resistance. In a preferred embodiment of the arrangement 1, the first profile A has an area of 310 to 350 mm 2, in particular 334 mm 2, the second profile an area of 210 to 250 mm 2, in particular 230 mm 2, and the third profile C an area of 225 up to 265 mm², in particular from 245 mm². The cover part 24 of the second profile B runs slightly obliquely inwards with respect to the horizontal, so as to be quick To ensure water drainage during precipitation on the flat roof. However, it is also possible to arrange the cover part 24 horizontally, so that it includes a right angle together with the cover rail 25, while in the described embodiment of the profile B the angle between the cover part 24 and the cover rail 25 is slightly less than 90 ° is.

Claims (8)

Anordnung zur Dachrandeinfassung mit einem ersten unteren, unmittelbar auf einem Flachdach befestigbarem Profil (A), das ein Abdeckteil (23), das auf einer Flachdachverkleidung (4) aufliegt, und eine nach unten gerichtete Anschlagschiene (6) aufweist, und mit einem zweiten, oberen Profil (B), das ebenfalls ein Abdeckteil (24) aufweist, das im Abstand über dem Abdeckteil (23) des ersten Profils (A) liegt, sowie eine Abdeckschiene (25), die im Abstand vor der Anschlagschiene (6) des ersten Profils (A) verläuft und diese vollständig abdeckt, und mit Profilelementen (11, 12, 13, 14) zum Verbinden der beiden Profile (A, B) miteinander, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Befestigen einer Attikaverkleidung (22) ein drittes Profil (C) vorhanden ist, das im Abstand der Einbauhöhe der Attikaverkleidung (22) unterhalb des ersten und zweiten Profils (A, B) an einer Gebäudewand (26) befestigt ist, daß das dritte Profil (C) mit von zwei Stegen (19, 20) gebildeten, nach oben offenen, U-förmigen Halterungen für ein Teilstück (27) der Unterkante (28) der Attikaverkledung ausgestattet ist und daß das erste Profil (A) auf seiner Unterseite (30) parallel zu der Anschlagschiene (6) verlaufende Federn (7) aufweist, die zusammen mit der Anschlagschiene (6) nach unten offene, U-förmige Halterungen für die Oberkante (29) der Attikaverkleidung (22) formen.Arrangement for edging the roof edge with a first lower profile (A) which can be fastened directly to a flat roof, which has a cover part (23) which rests on a flat roof cladding (4) and a downwardly directed stop rail (6), and with a second, upper profile (B), which also has a cover part (24) which is spaced above the cover part (23) of the first profile (A), and a cover rail (25) which is spaced in front of the stop rail (6) of the first Profile (A) runs and completely covers it, and with profile elements (11, 12, 13, 14) for connecting the two profiles (A, B) to one another, characterized in that a third profile (C ) is present, which is attached at a distance from the installation height of the parapet cladding (22) below the first and second profiles (A, B) to a building wall (26), that the third profile (C) with two webs (19, 20) formed, open to the top, U-shaped Holders for a section (27) of the lower edge (28) of the parapet are equipped and that the first profile (A) on its underside (30) has springs (7) running parallel to the stop rail (6), which together with the stop rail ( 6) Form U-shaped brackets for the upper edge (29) of the parapet trim (22) that are open at the bottom. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Profilelemente (11, 12) des ersten Profils (A) aus einem schräg nach oben abgewinkelten Profilende (11) des Abdeckteils (23) und einer am dazu gegenüberliegenden Profilende des Abdeckteils angeordneten Profilnase (12) bestehen, die über die Anschlagschiene (6) vorsteht.Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the two profile elements (11, 12) of the first profile (A) from an obliquely angled upward Profile end (11) of the cover part (23) and a profile nose (12) arranged on the opposite profile end of the cover part, which protrudes beyond the stop rail (6). Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Profilelemente (13, 14) des zweiten Profils (B) aus einem abgerundeten Profilhaken (13) des Abdeckteils (24) und einem an der Innenseite der Abdeckschiene (25) angebrachten Schnappsitz (14) bestehen, wobei zum Verbinden des ersten und zweiten Profils (A, B) untereinander die Profilnase (12) des Abdeckteils (23) des ersten Profils (A) in dem Schnappsitz (14) einrastet und der Profilhaken (13) das nach oben schräge Profilende (11) des Abdeckteils des ersten Profils (A) umfaßt.Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the two profile elements (13, 14) of the second profile (B) consist of a rounded profile hook (13) of the cover part (24) and a snap fit (14) attached to the inside of the cover rail (25). exist, for connecting the first and second profiles (A, B) to each other, the profile nose (12) of the cover part (23) of the first profile (A) snaps into the snap fit (14) and the profile hook (13) the upward sloping profile end (11) of the cover part of the first profile (A). Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste Profil (A) auf seiner Unterseite (30) zumindest einen Anschlag (5) aufweist, der parallel und im Abstand zu den Federn (7) angeordnet ist und mit dem Ende seines gekrümmten Federteils (32) an der Gehäusewand (26) anliegt.Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the first profile (A) on its underside (30) has at least one stop (5) which is arranged parallel and at a distance from the springs (7) and with the end of its curved spring part ( 32) abuts the housing wall (26). Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Unterseite (30) des Abdeckteils (23) des ersten Profils (A) mit Querstegen (3) ausgestattet ist, die zu beiden Seiten einer Schraubverbindung (2) des ersten Profils (A) mit dem Flachdach angeordnet sind.Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the underside (30) of the cover part (23) of the first profile (A) is equipped with transverse webs (3) which on both sides of a screw connection (2) of the first profile (A) with the Flat roof are arranged. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das in die U-förmigen Halterungen des dritten Profils (VC) eingeschobene Teilstück (27) der Unterkante (28) der Attikaverkleidung (22) durch Schrauben (18) lagefixiert ist.Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the part (27) of the U-shaped holders of the third profile (VC) inserted The lower edge (28) of the parapet trim (22) is fixed in position by screws (18). Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das dritte Profil (A) ein Winkelprofil mit unterschiedlich langen Schenkeln (33, 34) ist, wobei der kürzere Schenkel (34) zumindest eine Öffnung (15) zum Hinterlüften der Attikaverkleidung (22) aufweist und die beiden Stege (19, 20) auf dem kürzeren Schenkel (34) gleiche oder verschiedene Längen haben.Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the third profile (A) is an angular profile with legs (33, 34) of different lengths, the shorter leg (34) having at least one opening (15) for ventilating the parapet covering (22) and the two webs (19, 20) on the shorter leg (34) have the same or different lengths. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anschlagschiene (6) und die Federn (7) mit Belüftungslöchern (10) versehen sind, die sich gegenüberliegen.Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop rail (6) and the springs (7) are provided with ventilation holes (10) which lie opposite one another.
EP95114100A 1994-09-17 1995-09-08 Roof edge fascia system Expired - Lifetime EP0702117B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4433220A DE4433220A1 (en) 1994-09-17 1994-09-17 Arrangement for edging the roof edge
DE4433220 1994-09-17

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EP0702117A1 true EP0702117A1 (en) 1996-03-20
EP0702117B1 EP0702117B1 (en) 2000-08-23

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DE (2) DE4433220A1 (en)

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US3533201A (en) * 1968-04-04 1970-10-13 Aluminum Co Of America Fascia and flashing construction
US3561182A (en) * 1969-03-11 1971-02-09 Joseph Madl Panel support system for building structures
DE1708995A1 (en) * 1967-11-02 1971-05-13 Otto Reckhaus Cover for flat roofs made of flat asbestos-cement panels
DE2041116A1 (en) 1970-08-19 1972-02-24 Hitachi Shipbuilding Eng Co Thermal insulation for cryogenic liquid tanks and processes for their manufacture
FR2161565A5 (en) * 1971-11-19 1973-07-06 Uhl Kg Geb
DE1709384B1 (en) * 1963-10-18 1974-10-10 Gebrueder Uhl Kg, 7981 Vogt Bracket for the cladding profile of a verge cladding from: 1509146
US4037372A (en) * 1975-06-09 1977-07-26 Johns-Manville Corporation Roof facia arrangement
DE3039612A1 (en) * 1980-10-21 1982-05-19 Joba Bausysteme und Sportgeräte GmbH, 3205 Bockenem Flat roof verge cladding unit - has flat strips clamped between top and bottom rails linked by overlapping plates
DE3111000A1 (en) * 1981-03-20 1982-10-07 Wilhelm Harzmann KG, 7482 Krauchenwies Cladding for roof edges
GB2135709A (en) * 1983-02-19 1984-09-05 Euroroof Ltd Roof cover trim
EP0132896A2 (en) 1983-07-26 1985-02-13 Alprokon Promotie En Ontwikkeling B.V. Roof edging system

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DE1709384B1 (en) * 1963-10-18 1974-10-10 Gebrueder Uhl Kg, 7981 Vogt Bracket for the cladding profile of a verge cladding from: 1509146
DE1708995A1 (en) * 1967-11-02 1971-05-13 Otto Reckhaus Cover for flat roofs made of flat asbestos-cement panels
US3533201A (en) * 1968-04-04 1970-10-13 Aluminum Co Of America Fascia and flashing construction
US3561182A (en) * 1969-03-11 1971-02-09 Joseph Madl Panel support system for building structures
DE2041116A1 (en) 1970-08-19 1972-02-24 Hitachi Shipbuilding Eng Co Thermal insulation for cryogenic liquid tanks and processes for their manufacture
FR2161565A5 (en) * 1971-11-19 1973-07-06 Uhl Kg Geb
US4037372A (en) * 1975-06-09 1977-07-26 Johns-Manville Corporation Roof facia arrangement
DE3039612A1 (en) * 1980-10-21 1982-05-19 Joba Bausysteme und Sportgeräte GmbH, 3205 Bockenem Flat roof verge cladding unit - has flat strips clamped between top and bottom rails linked by overlapping plates
DE3111000A1 (en) * 1981-03-20 1982-10-07 Wilhelm Harzmann KG, 7482 Krauchenwies Cladding for roof edges
GB2135709A (en) * 1983-02-19 1984-09-05 Euroroof Ltd Roof cover trim
EP0132896A2 (en) 1983-07-26 1985-02-13 Alprokon Promotie En Ontwikkeling B.V. Roof edging system

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DE4433220A1 (en) 1996-03-21
ATE195783T1 (en) 2000-09-15
EP0702117B1 (en) 2000-08-23

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