EP0698766B1 - Gasbrenner - Google Patents

Gasbrenner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0698766B1
EP0698766B1 EP19950305876 EP95305876A EP0698766B1 EP 0698766 B1 EP0698766 B1 EP 0698766B1 EP 19950305876 EP19950305876 EP 19950305876 EP 95305876 A EP95305876 A EP 95305876A EP 0698766 B1 EP0698766 B1 EP 0698766B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wall
ports
gas
gas burner
burner according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19950305876
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0698766A3 (de
EP0698766A2 (de
Inventor
Roy Bratley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caradon Ideal Ltd
Original Assignee
Caradon Ideal Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB9417292A external-priority patent/GB9417292D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9500777.9A external-priority patent/GB9500777D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9506615.5A external-priority patent/GB9506615D0/en
Application filed by Caradon Ideal Ltd filed Critical Caradon Ideal Ltd
Publication of EP0698766A2 publication Critical patent/EP0698766A2/de
Publication of EP0698766A3 publication Critical patent/EP0698766A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0698766B1 publication Critical patent/EP0698766B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/30—Inverted burners, e.g. for illumination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F23D14/36—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air in which the compressor and burner form a single unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/101—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape
    • F23D2203/1012—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape tubular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/102—Flame diffusing means using perforated plates
    • F23D2203/1023—Flame diffusing means using perforated plates with specific free passage areas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/00003—Fuel or fuel-air mixtures flow distribution devices upstream of the outlet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to gas burners, and is concerned especially, but not necessarily exclusively, with a gas burner suitable for domestic boilers.
  • EP 0 309 838 provides a cylindrical gas burner having a co-axial restrictor disposed internally of the burner skin.
  • the restrictor and the skin are spaced apart by a distance of 5 mm to 30 mm, and the total cross sectional area of the restrictor openings is 2% to 10% of the cross section area of the skin openings.
  • the present invention addresses the disadvantage explained above and as a solution it provides a gas burner having a body into the interior of which a gas and air mixture is fed to pass out through ports in an outer perforated wall of the body for development of a flame on the exterior of the body, an inner perforated wall being positioned adjacent the outer wall and defining therewith a sub-chamber, the inner wall having ports through which the gas and air mixture flows into the sub-chamber, the flow resistance through the inner wall being greater than that through the outer wall and the ports of the inner wall being less in number than the ports of the outer wall characterised in that the separation between the inner wall and the outer wall is between 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm, and the ports of the inner wall have a greater individual port area than the ports of the outer wall.
  • the volume of the sub-chamber should be small in relation to the volume of the interior of the body.
  • the burner may utilise natural gas or methane. Due to the high flow resistance of the inner wall member, pressure pulses are not transmitted through into the main volume of the burner sufficiently to cause troublesome noise generation.
  • Another drawback of the prior art gas burners discussed above is that the pressure generated within the burner by the fan is limited by including in the flow path a restriction needed for producing a pressure differential signal indicative of the air flow rate, which signal is used to control a gas valve in order to maintain an appropriate ratio of gas to air in the mixture fed to the burner.
  • a pressure differential signal of at least 1 mb is needed for effective control, and in order to provide this signal a restricted orifice has been provided in the fan inlet, which limits the outlet pressure the fan can produce so that a larger fan than might otherwise be used may be needed.
  • means are provided for sensing the pressure differential across the inner wall member of the burner.
  • This pressure differential signal is representative of the air flow through the burner and can be used for controlling the gas valve to ensure the correct ratio of gas to air in the mixture fed to the burner. By avoiding a restriction in the fan inlet, the pressure which the fan is able to deliver to the interior of the burner is increased.
  • a preferred solution to this problem is to so arrange the gas ports that the velocity of the gas/air mixture through the ports of the outer skin varies over the area of the outer skin, i.e. the outer skin has a variable port loading.
  • the ratio of the maximum outer wall port loading to the minimum outer wall port loading is in the range of 1.5:1 to 3:1, e.g. about 2:1.
  • the port areas are chosen so that the pressure drop across the inner wall is at least four times greater than that across the outer wall of the burner, and preferably the pressure drop is about ten times greater.
  • regions of maximum port loading are spaced apart at a distance of up to 25 mm, such as around 15 mm.
  • Illustrated in Figure 1 is a gas burner with a cylindrical body 1 mounted with its axis upright and connected to a fan 2 for delivering a premix of natural gas (mostly methane) and air into the interior of the burner through the lower end thereof.
  • the upper end of the burner body is closed by an end wall 3, and the body has a double side wall structure formed by an outer perforated wall or screen 4 and an inner perforated wall or screen 5 lining the outer wall and spaced therefrom at a radial distance in the range of 0.5 to 1.2 mm, and preferably about 0.8 to 1.0 mm.
  • the density of the ports in the outer screen is greater than that of the ports in the inner screen so that as the gas and air mixture passes out through the double wall structure most of the pressure drop occurs across the inner wall 5.
  • the ports 8 in the outer screen are positioned in groups, in each group there being a central port 8a surrounded by a plurality of equispaced further ports 8b, there being six such further ports as illustrated.
  • Each of the ports 8 may be approximately 0.8 mm in diameter with the outer ports 8b having their centres 1.6 mm from the centre of the central port 8a.
  • the groups may be arranged with their central ports 8a at the corners of a square grid pattern having a pitch of 5 mm.
  • the outer screen may be perforated stainless steel.
  • the ports 10 of the inner screen are fewer in number and may be positioned to register with the central ports 8a of the groups of ports in the outer screen, as clearly shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the flame generated by the central port 8a of each group of ports in the outer screen 4 is surrounded and stabilised by six flames generated by the outer ports 8b of the same group, which outer flames are developed closer to the surface of the screen because their ports carry a lower loading of gas and air mixture. In this way there is established a stable burner flame spaced a small distance from the exterior surface of the burner body.
  • each port 10 is surrounded by a ring of eight ports (e.g. port 10' is surrounded by ports 8') four of which are equally spaced from the port 10 at a distance somewhat less than that at which the other four are spaced from the port 10.
  • the latter ports are positioned to receive gas entering the cavity between the walls through two inner wall ports.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a preferred port arrangement in which, like in the previous embodiments, the ports 10 of the inner wall or skin are arranged in rows, and the outer skin ports 8 are located in groups which are arranged in rows and uniformly distributed.
  • the inner and outer skins are spaced at a radial distance in the range 0.5 to 1.2 mm, and preferably about 0.8 to 1 mm.
  • Each row of inner skin ports (A,B%) is aligned with a row of outer skin ports (A2,B2%) and each port 10 registers with the central port 8a of a respective group of outer skin ports, although this is not crucial to the working of the invention.
  • each port 10 it is preferred nonetheless for the centre of each port 10 to lie within a circle joining the centres of the ports 8b of the group of outer skin ports. Between adjacent rows of the outer skin port groups which confront the inner skin ports 10 are two other rows of skin port groups (A1,A3,B1,B3). As a result of this disposition of the ports, the velocity of gas/air mixture through the outer skin ports, i.e. the port loading, varies across the area of the outer skin with the ratio of the maximum to the minimum port loading being approximately 2:1. It will be appreciated that due to the variation in port loading, the flame height will differ over the area of the burner and as a consequence the tendency to generate noise in the combustion chamber will not be concentrated at any one frequency.
  • each of the inner skin ports 10 is approximately 2.2 mm in diameter, and the rows of inner skin ports A,B are spaced approximately 15 mm apart.
  • the outer skin ports 8a,8b are approximately 0.8 mm in diameter with ports 8b in each group having their centres on a circle of diameter of around 3.2 mm and concentric with the central port 8a of that group.
  • the groups of outer skin ports have their centres located at the corners of a square grid pattern with a length of side of about 5.0 mm.
  • the pressure drop produced across the inner skin is approximately 10 times that across the outer skin.
  • any pressure fluctuations in the combustion chamber will not be transmitted to the interior of the burner and will instead be confined to the relatively small volume of the sub-chamber 7 defined between the inner and outer perforated walls. As a consequence tendency for resonant noise generation upon burner ignition is substantially diminished.
  • a gas valve adjusted in accordance with air flow is employed.
  • the pressure drop across the inner perforated wall 5 is detected.
  • a high pressure sensing orifice 12 is located at the outlet of the fan 2, and three alternative arrangements for sensing the low pressure in the sub-chamber 7 between the inner and outer walls 4,5 are shown in Figure 1.
  • the low pressure is sensed by an orifice 15 opening through the outer wall 4 at a location below the perforated area of this wall.
  • the low pressure is sensed by an orifice 16 opening through the inner wall member below the perforated sections of the two wall members, a tube 17 connected to this orifice being led in a sealed manner out through the double wall structure.
  • the pressure is sensed through an orifice 18 in an upper end wall 6 of the inner screen, this orifice being connected to a tube 19 extending along the interior of the burner and then out through a hole in the wall of the fan outlet.
  • the invention is applicable to cylindrical burners mounted horizontally as well as cylindrical burners having their axes substantially vertical. Furthermore, the invention is not restricted to cylindrical burners and can be applied to burners of other forms.
  • Figure 2 for example there is shown a gas burner embodying the invention and having a substantially flat or planar face at which the flames are produced. More particularly, the burner 20 has a body of rectangular configuration with a perforated top wall 24 with gas ports which could be arranged in a pattern similar to that described above in connection with Figs. 4 to 7 or in any other suitable array.
  • an inner wall member 25 mounted in the body and spaced about 1 mm below the wall 24 is an inner wall member 25 also provided with gas ports but providing a smaller aggregate through flow area than the gas ports to the top wall 24, and hence a greater flow resistance.
  • a fan 22 delivers a gas and air mixture into the interior of the burner through an inlet in the bottom wall.
  • sensing orifices 12 and 13 connected to respective tubes are positioned to sense the high pressure in the body interior and the low pressure in the small volume sub-chamber confined between the walls 24 and 25.
  • the burner in Fig 3 is of essentially the same construction as that of Fig. 2 except that is inverted so that the burner is down firing instead of upfiring.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Gasbrenner mit einem Körper (1), in dessen Inneres ein Gas-Luft-Gemisch eingeleitet wird, das durch Öffnungen (8) in einer äußeren durchlöcherten Wand (4) des Körpers hindurchtritt, um eine Flamme an der Außenseite des Körpers zu erzeugen, wobei eine innere durchlöcherte Wand (5) an die äußere Wand (4) angrenzend angeordnet ist und mit ihr eine Unterkammer (7) bildet, die innere Wand Öffnungen (10) aufweist, durch die das Gas-Luft-Gemisch in die Unterkammer strömt, der Strömungswiderstand durch die innere Wand größer ist als der durch die äußere Wand, und die innere Wand (5) weniger Öffnungen (10) aufweist als die äußere Wand, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand zwischen der inneren Wand (5) und der äußeren Wand (4) zwischen 0,5 mm und 1,2 mm beträgt und die Öffnungen (10) der inneren Wand (5) eine größere Einzelöffnungsfläche haben als die Öffnungen (8) der äußeren Wand (4).
  2. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Einrichtungen (12,15;12,16,17;12,18,19) vorhanden sind, die die Druckdifferenz über die innere durchlöcherte Wand (5) erfassen.
  3. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Öffnungen (10) durch die innere Wand auf Öffnungen (8) in der äußeren Wand ausgerichtet sind, um den direkten Strom des Gas-Luft-Gemischs durch die untere Kammer zu ermöglichen.
  4. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Öffnungen (10) durch die innere Wand (5) massive Abschnitte der äußeren Wand (4) gegenüberliegen.
  5. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei Öffnungen (8) in der äußeren Wand (4) in Gruppen (A2,B2) angeordnet sind, die zu entsprechenden Öffnungen (10) in der inneren Wand (5) gehören.
  6. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 5, wobei die äußere Wand zusätzliche Gruppen (B1,B3,A1,A3) von Öffnungen (8) enthält, die nicht direkt zu einer Öffnung (10) in der inneren Wand gehören.
  7. Gasbrenner nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die äußere Wand (4) eine veränderliche Öffnungsbelastung aufweist.
  8. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis der maximalen Öffnungsbelastung der äußeren Wand zur minimalen Öffnungsbelastung der äußeren Wand im Bereich von 1,5:1 bis 3:1 liegt.
  9. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis ungefähr 2:1 beträgt.
  10. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 2 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gas in dem Gas-Luft-Gemisch Erdgas oder Methan ist.
  11. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Druckgefälle über die innere Wand wenigstens viermal größer ist als das über die äußere Wand.
  12. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei das Druckgefälle über die innere Wand ungefähr zehnmal größer ist, als das über die äußere Wand.
EP19950305876 1994-08-26 1995-08-22 Gasbrenner Expired - Lifetime EP0698766B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9417292A GB9417292D0 (en) 1994-08-26 1994-08-26 Gas burners
GB9417292 1994-08-26
GB9500777 1995-01-16
GBGB9500777.9A GB9500777D0 (en) 1995-01-16 1995-01-16 Gas burners
GB9506615 1995-03-31
GBGB9506615.5A GB9506615D0 (en) 1995-03-31 1995-03-31 Gas burners

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0698766A2 EP0698766A2 (de) 1996-02-28
EP0698766A3 EP0698766A3 (de) 1996-09-04
EP0698766B1 true EP0698766B1 (de) 1998-07-22

Family

ID=27267345

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19950305876 Expired - Lifetime EP0698766B1 (de) 1994-08-26 1995-08-22 Gasbrenner

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0698766B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69503581T2 (de)
GB (1) GB2292794A (de)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1003311C2 (nl) * 1996-06-10 1997-12-17 Radson Alutherm Nv Vlamverdeelinrichting bestemd voor een brander van een warmwatertoestel.
GB2316479B (en) * 1996-08-14 1999-12-15 Aeromatic Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to gas burners
NL1005494C2 (nl) * 1997-03-11 1998-09-14 Fasto Nefit Bv Gasbrander.
FR2835042B1 (fr) * 2002-01-22 2004-12-17 Mer Joseph Le Bruleur a gaz, a face de combustion bipartite et chaudiere equipee d'un tel bruleur
GB2404008A (en) * 2003-07-16 2005-01-19 Aeromatix Ltd A burner including a ceramic burner head and an associated baffle
ES2293768B1 (es) * 2005-04-11 2009-03-16 Jose Maria Vergara Uranga Cuerpo de caldeo polivalente.
DE102008019854A1 (de) 2008-04-23 2009-10-29 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Wandstruktur und Brenner sowie System
IT1402900B1 (it) * 2010-11-24 2013-09-27 Worgas Bruciatori Srl Bruciatore ad elevata stabilita'
ITMI20110390A1 (it) * 2011-03-11 2012-09-12 Bertelli & Partners Srl Bruciatore a gas perfezionato per combustione premiscelata
ITVI20110181A1 (it) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-06 Aldo Polidoro Bruciatore di gas combustibile
DE102012104741A1 (de) * 2012-06-01 2013-12-05 Ulrich Dreizler Verfahren zur vollständigen und geräuschreduzierten Verbrennung eines Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisches sowie Brenner hierzu
IT202000002209A1 (it) * 2020-02-05 2021-08-05 Polidoro S P A Bruciatore a premiscelamento
EP4413299A1 (de) * 2021-10-07 2024-08-14 Polidoro S.p.A. Vormischbrenner

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB431335A (en) * 1933-01-02 1935-07-01 Paul Bornkessel Improvements in or relating to mouthpieces for compressed gas burners
GB1520402A (en) * 1974-07-30 1978-08-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Combustion apparatus
GB2176588B (en) * 1985-06-13 1989-02-08 British Gas Plc Fuel fired burner
DE3868815D1 (de) * 1987-09-26 1992-04-09 Ruhrgas Ag Gasbrenner.
CA2005415C (en) * 1989-01-10 1994-03-01 Willie H. Best High efficiency gas burner assembly
US4960335A (en) * 1989-11-13 1990-10-02 The Timken Company Unitary enclosure and cover therefor
GB9013849D0 (en) * 1990-06-21 1990-08-15 Furigas Uk Ltd A gas burner
US5439372A (en) * 1993-06-28 1995-08-08 Alzeta Corporation Multiple firing rate zone burner and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9517196D0 (en) 1995-10-25
DE69503581T2 (de) 1999-01-14
EP0698766A3 (de) 1996-09-04
DE69503581D1 (de) 1998-08-27
GB2292794A (en) 1996-03-06
EP0698766A2 (de) 1996-02-28

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