EP1083386B1 - Brennerbaueinheit und Brennerkopf zur Gasmischungsverbrennung - Google Patents

Brennerbaueinheit und Brennerkopf zur Gasmischungsverbrennung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1083386B1
EP1083386B1 EP99830563A EP99830563A EP1083386B1 EP 1083386 B1 EP1083386 B1 EP 1083386B1 EP 99830563 A EP99830563 A EP 99830563A EP 99830563 A EP99830563 A EP 99830563A EP 1083386 B1 EP1083386 B1 EP 1083386B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner assembly
gas
burner
comburent
fuel
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP99830563A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1083386A1 (de
Inventor
Giorgio Scanferla
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to EP99830563A priority Critical patent/EP1083386B1/de
Priority to ES99830563T priority patent/ES2258324T3/es
Priority to AT99830563T priority patent/ATE317527T1/de
Priority to DE69929769T priority patent/DE69929769T2/de
Publication of EP1083386A1 publication Critical patent/EP1083386A1/de
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Publication of EP1083386B1 publication Critical patent/EP1083386B1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L3/00—Arrangements of valves or dampers before the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/101—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape
    • F23D2203/1012—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape tubular

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner assembly for fuel/comburent gaseous mixtures, and respectively to a combustion module and to a boiler including the aforementioned burner assembly.
  • the present invention relates to a burner assembly of the complete pre-mixing type for heating systems for civil use, that is, a burner assembly capable of performing the combustion of a gaseous mixture in which fuel and comburent are previously mixed according to a (stoichiometric or with a slight excess of air) ratio adapted to ensure the complete combustion of the combustible gas.
  • burner assemblies In the field of low-power gas heating systems, such as for example combined boilers or condensation boilers for domestic use, burner assemblies have been known for a long time, which comprise a burner head provided with a plurality of openings for delivering a fuel/comburent gaseous mixture ignited by a lighting electrode.
  • the mixture is sent to said head through suitable feeding means comprising a duct, to which a gaseous comburent - generally air - and a gaseous fuel - generally gas delivered by the civic distribution network - are fed.
  • a first type of burner assemblies largely widespread on the market comprises the so-called “aerated” burner assemblies, in which the combustion air is partly pre-mixed with the combustible gas upstream of the burner head (primary air) and partly fed downstream of the latter to complete the combustion (secondary air).
  • burner head for aerated assemblies is described in British patent application GB 2 213 924 A.
  • Said burner head comprises a pair of independent sections which are individually fed with a gas/air gaseous mixture including just primary air and, respectively, with a gas/air gaseous mixture including a lower quantity of air, or just with gas without any addition of air.
  • said burner head is especially suitable to produce a multicoloured variegated flame which is particularly pleasant from the aesthetic point of view.
  • the aerated burner assemblies must necessarily operate with a considerable excess of air with respect to the stoichiometric ratio; said excess of air causes a series of drawbacks, such as the practical impossibility of reducing the size of the burner head due to the consequent low density of the flame, the emission of quite a large amount of harmful gases, above all nitrogen oxides (NO x ), and a limited combustion efficiency.
  • blown burner assemblies As an alternative to aerated burner assemblies, and in the range of thermal powers over about 50KW, it is also known the use of the so-called "blown" burner assemblies, which do not have a burner head, and by means of which a highly turbulent flame is generated by independently feeding the gaseous fuel and the combustion air to a mixing area which is positioned immediately upstream of the flame.
  • blown burner assemblies comprise for this purpose a plurality of nozzles for feeding the gaseous fuel, around which air is fed at a high speed by a blower.
  • said burner assemblies which are fed with gas/air mixtures comprising the whole quantity of air needed for combustion, ensure a substantially complete combustion of the combustible gas also when small-size burner heads are used, and they allow to achieve a greater combustion efficiency, a lower environmental impact, smaller sizes and a lower cost with respect to the aerated assemblies.
  • European patent application EP 0 331 037 describes a complete pre-mixing burner assembly capable to ensure the complete combustion of the gaseous fuel, so as to reduce the production of nitric oxides.
  • Said burner assembly comprises a plurality of first burner heads for delivering a first fuel/comburent gaseous mixture having a high concentration of fuel, and a plurality of second burner heads, respectively positioned between said first heads, for delivering a second fuel/comburent gaseous mixture having a low concentration of fuel.
  • Said first and second burner heads are independently fed by respective delivery and mixing ducts.
  • European patent application EP 0 866 270 describes a complete pre-mixing burner assembly in which combustion air is fed by a blower and combustion gas is fed in a regulated fashion via individual conduits to burner zones. For connecting and disconnecting the gas feed to individual burning zones, on/off valves are provided in the corresponding combustion gas individual conduits.
  • a first drawback is related to their limited capacity of thermal power modulation (which typically is in the range 5-6:1) with respect to the actual requirements of the users (just think, for example, to combined boilers, wherein the power required for the production of hot sanitary water is ever-increasing, whereas the power required for domestic heating is decreasing due to the high levels of insulation of modern houses).
  • a second drawback is related to the fact that the above advantages of smaller sizes and lower costs may be achieved, with the presently available components manufactured on a large scale, only for a relatively limited range of thermal powers (not higher than 50 - 60 KW), the achievement of higher powers remaining a feature of the aforementioned aerated or blown burner assemblies.
  • a still different kind of burner assemblies known in the art are the so-called “hybrid burners” which combine the features of an "aerated” burner and of a “catalytic” burner.
  • Japanese patent application JP 60-026210 discloses a burner assembly of this kind which comprises a mixture tube in gas communication with a plate-shaped catalyst. The mixture tube is divided in two passages by a partition wall so that, in operation, the combustible gases injected towards the passages defined within the mixture tube suck primary air from the opening edge thereof, whereupon the gas and air mixture then flows into spaced-apart combustion parts in order to be emitted and combusted from a wire net.
  • the technical problem underlying the present invention is that of providing an easy-to-make, low-cost burner assembly of the complete pre-mixing type adapted on the one side to attain a high range of thermal power modulation and, on the other side, to deliver a thermal power comparable to that of the aerated or blown burner assemblies.
  • the burner assembly of the invention advantageously allows to achieve a modulation range of thermal power which is significantly wider than that of the aerated, blown or pre-mixed burner assemblies of the prior art, such range being equal to the sum of the modulation ranges achievable by each delivery section.
  • the burner assembly of the invention advantageously allows to ensure said wide modulation range of thermal power not just for those powers that so far could be achieved only by aerated or blown burners (powers ranging between 100 and 120 KW), but also for reduced thermal powers (ranging between 20-30 KW) by simply selecting the size of the means used to feed the fuel/comburent gaseous mixture to each delivery section.
  • the overall nominal thermal power of the burner assembly of the invention is almost equal to the sum of the single thermal powers which may be delivered by each independent delivery section of the burner head.
  • said advantageous features may be achieved without any by-pass of the gaseous mixture from one delivery section to the other, thus substantially avoiding the risk of undesired backfires in the section which is not being fed.
  • the burner assembly of the invention allows to carry out the combustion of the fuel/comburent mixture by delivering the latter not only in vertical direction and from the bottom upwards, as in the case of the aerated burner assemblies of the prior art, but also by delivering the fuel/comburent mixture sideways, o from top to bottom, to the advantage of its flexibility of use.
  • said gas-permeable wall of the burner head is essentially constituted by a wall provided with a plurality of holes for delivering the fuel/comburent gaseous mixture.
  • said perforated wall may be obtained by shaping and drilling a suitable metal material by means of conventional forming operations which may be carried out on a large scale at a low cost.
  • said gas-permeable wall of the burner head is essentially constituted by a plate made of a suitable porous material permeable to gases.
  • gas-permeable porous plate advantageously allows to confine the combustion phenomena of the fuel/comburent gaseous mixture substantially inside the plate or, at most, immediately above the same with the presence of free flames of reduced height which are evenly distributed on the whole surface of the plate.
  • the heat is essentially radiative with a minor convective component.
  • Said reduction of distance allows, in its turn, to reduce the sizes of the combustion chamber and, thus, of the boiler equipped with the burner assembly, with respect to the prior-art boilers having an equal power.
  • the gas-permeable porous plate is made of porous ceramics suitable to the purpose, such as for example the ceramic available on the market with the name of "ceramic foam” (ECO CERAMICS, BEVERWIJK, The Netherlands).
  • the means for feeding the fuel/comburent gaseous mixture to each delivery section of the burner head comprises at least one duct in fluid communication with a respective blower and a respective duct for feeding a gaseous fuel.
  • the delivery sections of the burner head may be individually fed by using structurally simple components having small sizes and a low cost, which are used both in the manufacture of conventional burner assemblies as well as in other technical fields, such as personal computers, copying machines, electrical household appliances, etc.
  • the burner assembly of the invention is particularly simple from a constructive point of view, and has a reduced cost.
  • the delivery sections of the fuel/comburent gaseous mixture are arranged in series, and may be individually fed from respective coaxial feeding chambers.
  • the burner head may have an essentially cylindrical shape, so as to be properly inserted within the annular gas-water heat exchangers used in the water-heating systems for civil use.
  • the delivery sections of the fuel/comburent gaseous mixture are arranged in parallel, and they may be individually fed by respective feeding chambers positioned in the burner head upstream of said at least one gas-permeable wall.
  • the feeding chambers are reciprocally separated in a gas-tight manner by at least one partition plate mounted in the burner head essentially along its entire length or width and which may be vertically or horizontally extending.
  • the burner head comprises a pair of delivery sections which are substantially semicylindrical and longitudinally tapered, coaxially arranged in parallel one inside the other.
  • said embodiment of the burner head may suitably mate with plate-shaped gas-water heat exchangers in the water-heating systems for civil use.
  • the burner assembly of the present invention further comprises means for intercepting said at least one feeding duct of the fuel/comburent gaseous mixture, which means is positioned upstream of the delivery sections of the fuel/comburent gaseous mixture.
  • this allows to prevent the risk of an undesired return of the combustion flue gases back into the burner assembly through any possibly unfed sections of the burner head in case of clogging of the flue gas-removal ducts provided downstream of the burner assembly.
  • the intercepting means comprises a check valve provided with a mechanical actuator including a spring, made of a suitable shape memory metallic material, such as for example special nickel-titanium alloys available on the market.
  • the burner assembly of the invention further comprises an ignition electrode and a flame detector which are both positioned at a predetermined distance from the gas-permeable wall of the burner head, and if necessary, near a respective end of a respective one of the delivery sections.
  • the mixture delivered by one of the sections of the burner head is ignited by the ignition electrode, whereas the mixture delivered by the adjacent section(s) is(are) ignited as a consequence of the flame produced by the first section without the presence of further ignition electrodes.
  • the delivery sections provided in the burner head are arranged in parallel with one another, and they are essentially arranged side by side and coplanar, while the ignition electrode is operatively positioned so as to generate an ignition spark astride of the sections themselves.
  • the blower or blowers are provided with a box-shaped body which is at least partly integral with the supporting body of the burner assembly.
  • a box-shaped body which is at least partly integral with the supporting body of the burner assembly.
  • the burner assembly further comprises means for its removable connection to a boiler.
  • the present invention relates to a combustion module adapted to be mounted in a gas boiler, comprising a burner assembly of the type described above.
  • the present invention relates to a gas boiler comprising a burner assembly of the type described above.
  • a complete pre-mixing burner assembly according to the invention is generally indicated at 1.
  • the burner assembly 1 comprises a substantially parallelepipedic box-shaped supporting body 2, adapted to support - in a manner known per se - an essentially tubular burner head 3, provided with at least one gas-permeable wall, which in this example is formed by a perforated wall 4 comprising a plurality of openings 5, adapted to deliver a fuel/comburent gaseous mixture.
  • the burner head 3 comprises a pair of delivery sections 3a, 3b structurally independent from each other and separated upstream and at the perforated wall 4 in a fluid-tight manner.
  • the burner head 3 is provided with a non-perforated area 40 adapted to divide the perforated wall 4 into two contiguous portions 4a, 4b, each portion being in fluid communication with said delivery sections 3a and, respectively, 3b.
  • the delivery sections 3a, 3b are arranged in series with one another, and they are in fluid communication with suitable means 6 adapted to independently feed each of them with respective fuel/comburent gaseous mixtures.
  • the means 6 is supported by the box-shaped body 2, and comprises an outer duct 7 of larger diameter, which is defined by a non-perforated portion of the burner head 3 and an inner duct 8 of smaller diameter, which is coaxially extending within the duct 7.
  • the aforementioned coaxial ducts 7 and 8 are in fluid communication with respective blowers 9, 10 adapted to feed a gaseous comburent, for example air A, and with respective ducts 11, 12 adapted to feed a gaseous fuel, for example natural gas G, extending downstream of valves 13, 14 adapted to intercept and adjust the gas flow rate fed to the burner head 3.
  • a gaseous comburent for example air A
  • respective ducts 11, 12 adapted to feed a gaseous fuel, for example natural gas G
  • blowers 9 and 10 are, in turn, provided with essentially box-shaped, suction ducts 16, 17 in fluid communication with a single air inlet opening 18 inside the body 2, and with box-shaped delivery ducts 19, 20 respectively connected to the outer duct 7 and the inner duct 8 of the burner head 3.
  • the complete pre-mixing of air and combustible gas takes place downstream of blowers 9 and 10 in the delivery ducts 19 and 20 and possibly also in the coaxial ducts 7, 8 of the burner head 3.
  • the gaseous fuel may be fed upstream of blowers 9 and 10 - in this case of the gas-tight type - thus achieving an even more through mixing between the combustible gas and the combustion air.
  • the box-shaped delivery duct 20 of the blower 10 is provided with suitable means, in this case a cap valve 21, adapted to intercept the inner duct 8 of the burner head 3.
  • two coaxial feeding chambers are defined which are respectively constituted by an annular gap 15, extending between the coaxial ducts 7, 8, and by a cylindrical chamber 38. Said feeding chambers are separated from each other in a gas-tight manner by an annular partition plate 39, which is peripherally welded to the non-perforated area 40 of the burner head 3.
  • a first fluid path is defined in the annular gap 15, flown by a first gas/air mixture which feeds the delivery section 3a of the burner head 3.
  • a second fluid path flown by a second gas/air mixture adapted to independently and separately feed the delivery section 3b of the burner head 3 is also defined in the inner duct 8 and in the cylindrical chamber 38.
  • the burner assembly 1 is also provided with an ignition electrode 22 and with a flame detector 23 supported at a predetermined distance from the perforated wall 4 of the burner head 3 at one end of the delivery section 3a.
  • the burner assembly 1 is provided with a pair of coaxial tubular elements 24, 25, externally supported around the burner head 3, adapted to protect the ignition electrode 22 and the flame detector 23 from accidental impacts during installation.
  • the burner assembly 1 comprises a flange 26 adapted to allow the installation thereof on a conventional boiler, not shown in the figure.
  • the flange 26 is provided with a plurality of tapered wings 27 which are, in their turn, provided with respective seats 28 adapted to engage a fastening bolt - not shown - integral with the body of the boiler.
  • the burner assembly 1 of the invention allows to carry out the combustion of completely pre-mixed gas/air mixtures by delivering a thermal power which, according to the size and to the deliverable flow rate of the blowers 9, 10 and of the valves 13, 14, may range from 20-30 KW - which is enough to heat a single flat up to 100-120 KW which may provide for the heating of a block of flats.
  • the thermal power delivered may be very easily and reliably modulated in a range up to 10:1.
  • the mixture radially delivered by section 3a of the burner head 3 is ignited by electrode 22, whereas the flame detector 23 signals the actual presence of the combustion to the electronic control board.
  • the cap valve 21 intercepts the inner duct 8 of the burner head 3 so as to prevent undesired returns of the combustion flue gases through the adjacent section 3b, temporarily in operation, in case of any accidental clogging of the flue gas-removal duct of the boiler.
  • the second totally pre-mixed gas/air mixture formed in the delivery duct 20 of the second blower 10 and flowing in the inner duct 8 and in the cylindrical chamber 38 is fed to the delivery section 3b of the burner head 3 so as to reach 100% of the maximum nominal power.
  • the mixture radially delivered by section 3b from the burner head 3 is ignited by the flame already present near the adjacent delivery section 3a, and no further ignition electrodes are needed.
  • FIGS 2-6 schematically show further embodiments of the burner head 3 of the burner assembly 1 according to the invention.
  • the delivery sections 3a, 3b of the burner head 3 are arranged in parallel with one another and may be individually fed by respective feeding chambers 42, 43 defined upstream of the perforated wall 4 inside two essentially semicylindrical ducts 29, 30, arranged side by side and separated from one another in a gas-tight manner by a partition plate 31.
  • said partition plate is vertically mounted in a seal-tight manner, for example welded, in the burner head 3 at one non-perforated area 40 and substantially along the entire length of the same.
  • the semicylindrical ducts 29, 30 are each provided with a perforated side wall which defines the portions 4a and, respectively, 4b of the perforated wall 4 so that the delivery sections 3a, 3b may radially and outwardly deliver the first and, respectively, the second gas/air mixtures.
  • the desired fluid-tight separation between the delivery sections 3a and 3b of the burner head 3 is ensured upstream and at the perforated wall 4 by the partition plate 31 and, respectively, by the non-perforated area 40, thus preventing undesired by-passes of the first gas/air mixture from section 3a to the adjacent section 3b when the latter is temporarily not in operation.
  • the gas/air mixture delivered by section 3a is ignited by electrode 22 (not shown), whereas the gas/air mixture delivered by section 3b is ignited by the flame already present externally to the adjacent delivery section.
  • the delivery sections 3a, 3b are arranged in parallel with one another, and they may be individually fed by respective feeding chambers 44, 45 which are defined upstream of the perforated wall 4 inside two essentially semicylindrical ducts 32, 33, respectively upper and lower, arranged side by side and separated in a gas tight manner by a partition plate 34.
  • said partition plate is horizontally mounted in a seal-tight manner, for example welded, in the burner head 3 at the non-perforated area 40 and substantially for the entire length of the same.
  • the semicylindrical ducts 32, 33 are each provided with a perforated side wall which defines the portions 4a and, respectively, 4b of the perforated wall 4.
  • the desired fluid-tight separation between the delivery sections 3a and 3b of the burner head 3 is ensured upstream and at the perforated wall 4 by the partition plate 34 and, respectively, by the non-perforated area 40, thus preventing undesired by-passes of the first gas/air mixture from section 3a to the adjacent section 3b when the latter is temporarily not in operation.
  • the gas/air mixture delivered by the lower section 3a is ignited by electrode 22 (not shown), whereas the gas/air mixture delivered by the upper section 3b is ignited by the flame already present externally to the delivery section lying below, which tends to burn upwards.
  • the burner head 3 comprises a radially inner delivery section 3a, and a radially outer delivery section 3b which are longitudinally tapered and coaxially arranged one inside the other.
  • the delivery sections 3a, 3b have respective perforated portions 4a-4b and 4c, substantially coplanar and arranged in parallel with one another, constituting an equal number of portions of the perforated wall 4 of the burner head 3.
  • the delivery sections 3a, 3b may be individually fed by respective coaxial ducts 35, 36 which are longitudinally tapered and have an essentially semicircular cross section which increasingly decreases as it nears the free end of the burner head 3.
  • two coaxial feeding chambers are defined in the burner head 3, which are respectively formed by a semiannular gap 37 adapted to feed the radially outer delivery section 3b, and by a chamber 46 which is essentially shaped as a cone sector and which is defined within the duct 36.
  • both the semiannular gap 37 and the chamber 46 have an increasingly reduced cross section as they come closer to the free end of the burner head 3.
  • the radially inner perforated portion 4a of the wall 4 is separated from the radially outer perforated portions 4b and 4c by a pair of non-perforated areas 40a and 40b, at which the opposite side edges of the inner duct 36 are welded.
  • the desired fluid-tight separation between the delivery sections 3a and 3b of the burner head 3 is ensured upstream and at the perforated wall 4 by the inner duct 36 and, respectively, by the non-perforated areas 40a, 40b, thus preventing undesired by-passes of the first gas/air mixture from section 3a to the adjacent section 3b when the latter is temporarily not in operation.
  • the ignition electrode 22 and the flame detector 23 are supported at a predetermined distance from the perforated wall 4 close to a first end of the perforated portion 4a of the radially inner delivery section 3a.
  • the gas/air mixture delivered by the radially inner delivery section 3a will be ignited first, while the gas/air mixture delivered by the radially outer delivery section 3b will be ignited by the flame which is present externally to the adjacent delivery section 3a.
  • the ignition electrode 22 and the flame detector 23 may be supported close to a first end of the perforated portions 4b, 4c of the radially outer delivery section 3b.
  • the gas/air mixture delivered by the radially outer delivery section 3b will be ignited first, while the gas/air mixture delivered by the radially inner delivery section 3a will be ignited by the flame which is present at the adjacent delivery section 3b.
  • combustion module 73 adapted to equip a boiler of which only the outer casing 74 is schematically shown in the figures, will now be described.
  • said boiler also comprises a plurality of known components, not shown in the figures (hydraulic circuitry, circulation pump, control board, etc.) which are supported inside the casing 74 below the combustion module 73.
  • the combustion module 73 shown in figure 5 is particularly compact, and it advantageously allows to reduce the size of the boiler in which the module is to be mounted.
  • the combustion module 73 comprises a substantially parallelepipedic box-shaped casing 75 inside which a combustion chamber or flue gas chamber 76 is defined, which is laterally insulated by panels 77 made of a suitable thermoinsulating material, for example ceramic fibres, and which is provided with an upper hood 78 for the withdrawal of combustion flue gases.
  • the outer casing 74 of the boiler is provided with an annular opening 85 coaxially extending around the hood 78, and which is adapted to allow the inlet of air inside the casing 74.
  • the combustion air A flows into a gap which is defined between the box-shaped casing 75 of the combustion module 73 and the outer casing 74 of the boiler, before entering into an air inlet opening 56 - which is laterally formed in the supporting body 102 of the burner assembly 101 - and being sucked inside the burner assembly 101.
  • the air inlet opening 56 is provided with a suitably shaped protective wire gauze 58.
  • the combustion module 73 also comprises a gas-water heat exchanger 79, or primary exchanger, adapted to produce primary hot water or water for space heating, which comprises in turn an array of parallel tubes 80, which are supported in a known manner not shown in the figures, in the flue gas chamber 76 downstream of a burner assembly 101 which will be further described hereinbelow.
  • a gas-water heat exchanger 79 or primary exchanger, adapted to produce primary hot water or water for space heating, which comprises in turn an array of parallel tubes 80, which are supported in a known manner not shown in the figures, in the flue gas chamber 76 downstream of a burner assembly 101 which will be further described hereinbelow.
  • the primary heat exchanger 79 is in fluid communication with a pair of ducts 81, 82 which respectively deliver and withdraw the primary water to and from the exchanger itself. Said ducts are jointed in a conventional way to opposed tubes 80 at the end of said array.
  • the tubes 80 of the primary heat exchanger 79 are in fluid communication with each other by means of a pair of headers 91, 83 internally divided into a plurality of chambers for the distribution of liquid by means of a pair of baffles of which, in figure 5, only baffle labelled 87, which divides the header 83, may be seen. Thanks to this arrangement, the primary water delivered to the primary heat exchanger 79 from the feeding duct 81 flows in succession through the tubes 80 according to a zigzag path before reaching the withdrawal duct 82 and leaving the exchanger 79.
  • the primary heat exchanger 79 has in this case a very compact size although it has a tube-side liquid path suitable for the thermal exchange requirements to be met.
  • the burner assembly 101 is supported at the base of the flue gas chamber 76, and features an extreme compactness.
  • part of the burner head 3 is essentially integral with the supporting body 102 of the burner assembly 101, with a substantial reduction both of the sizes and of the number of components of the burner assembly itself.
  • the supporting body 102 which in this case is substantially parallelepipedic, is suitably shaped, and possesses a plurality of inner cavities and fluid passages, as will be further described hereinbelow.
  • the burner head 3 is provided with a pair of gas-permeable walls 4a, 4b, which are preferably constituted by respective porous plates 104a, 104b, having a parallelepipedic shape with a square base, made of ceramic having a predetermined permeability to gases.
  • the gas-permeable walls of the burner head 3 may be constituted by suitably perforated metal plates having a predetermined thickness and a shape similar to that of the aforementioned porous plates.
  • the burner head 3 comprises a pair of delivery sections 3a, 3b, structurally independent and separated in a fluid-tight manner from each other upstream and at the aforementioned porous plates 104a, 104b.
  • the delivery sections 3a, 3b of the burner head 3 are arranged in parallel with one another, and may be individually fed by respective feeding chambers 48, 49, structurally independent and defined upstream of the gas-permeable walls 104a, 104b.
  • the feeding chambers 48, 49 are integral with the supporting body 102 of the burner assembly 101, and are separated from one another in a gas-tight manner by a partition plate 50 which is vertically extending inside a cavity 51 centrally formed in the body 102.
  • the partition plate 50 is integral with the supporting body 102 of the burner assembly 101, and extends within the cavity 51 substantially along the entire length of the burner head 3.
  • the desired fluid-tight separation between the delivery sections 3a and 3b of the burner head 3 is ensured upstream and at the porous plates 104a, 104b by the partition plate 50 and, respectively, by a baffle 105, essentially shaped as a down-turned T, vertically extending from the partition plate 50 and interposed between said porous plates.
  • a gasket 89 made of a suitable material, for example silicone, is interposed between the baffle 105 and the partition plate 50, wherein it is partly housed in a corresponding mating seat 90.
  • the suction duct of the blower 9 shown in figure 6 is essentially constituted by a passage 116, which is integral with the supporting body 102 of the burner assembly 101.
  • the suction duct 116 is in fluid communication with the air inlet opening 56.
  • the duct 11 for feeding combustible gas to the delivery section 3a is mounted in a respective wall 60, coaxially provided with a through hole which houses the duct 11.
  • the wall 60 is also provided with a plurality of slots 61 for allowing the air flow.
  • the perforated wall 60 imparts a predetermined pressure drop to the air flowing through the same and allows - in co-operation with a device which detects said pressure drop (not shown) - to control the flow rate of the fed gas G according to the pressure drop and, thus, as a function of the flow rate of air A sucked by the blower 9.
  • the complete pre-mixing of air and of the combustible gas takes place in this case upstream of the blower 9 - which in this case is of the gas-tight type - thus producing a more through mixing between the combustible gas and the combustion air.
  • the blower 9 is provided with a respective box-shaped body 109a, which is at least partly integral with the supporting body 102 of the burner assembly 101, and which is sealed by a respective cover 110a.
  • an electric motor 52 for driving the blower 9 is supported outside of the cover 110a, and is in turn provided with a respective protecting casing 54.
  • the delivery duct 119 of the blower 9 is essentially constituted by a suitably shaped duct integral with the supporting body 102 of the burner assembly 101.
  • the delivery duct 119 of the blower 9 is provided with suitable intercepting means, in this case constituted by a check valve 62.
  • valve 62 is adapted to intercept the duct 119 downstream of the blower 9 at one of its inlet openings 121 which constitutes, at the same time, a valve seat against which a shutter 64 of the valve 62 abuts.
  • valve 62 comprises a valve body 63 which is at least partly integral with the supporting body 102 of the burner assembly 101, inside which body the shutter 64 is mounted, which in this case is of the cap type and is peripherally provided with a sealing O-ring 65.
  • valve body 63 of the valve 62 is defined between the supporting body 102 of the burner assembly 101 and the closing cover 110a of the box-shaped body 109a of the blower 9. Also in this case, said cover operates as removable cover adapted to seal the aforesaid valve body 63.
  • the cover 110a is peripherally provided with a gasket 86 housed in a respective seat formed in the body 102.
  • valve 62 For the purpose of driving the shutter 64, the valve 62 is provided with a mechanical actuator, generally indicated at 66, which includes a stem 67 which is mounted in a gas-tight manner through the cover 110a.
  • a mechanical actuator generally indicated at 66, which includes a stem 67 which is mounted in a gas-tight manner through the cover 110a.
  • the stem 67 is rotatably mounted on the shutter 64 at a first of its ends provided with a spherical head 67a, the shutter 64 also having a matching washer 68 at its opposite end.
  • the mechanical actuator 66 further comprises a pair of counteracting springs 69a, 69 which are acting to close and, respectively, to open the opening 121, which springs are made of suitable metal materials.
  • the springs 69a and 69 are respectively interposed between the shutter 64 and an inner wall of cover 110a, and between an outer wall of the cover 110a and the washer 68.
  • the pressure drop which the fuel/comburent gaseous mixture undergoes during its flow through the valves 62 may be suitably reduced thanks to the presence of a peg 72, having a predetermined height, extending from the cover 110a and being adapted to act as a stop means for the shutter 64 at the opening of the delivery duct 119.
  • the shutter 64 performs at the opening a translation movement and then a rotation movement as soon as it abuts against the peg 72, thanks to its pivotal connection to the stem 67.
  • the shutter 64 will then be sloped in such a way as to interfere as little as possible with the flow of the fuel/comburent gaseous mixture which is directed towards opening 121.
  • the closing spring 69a is made of conventional spring steel, and it is adapted to exert a first predetermined force, whereas the spring 69 is made of a suitable shape memory metallic material, such as for example a nickel-titanium alloy.
  • the spring 69 is advantageously adapted to exert a greater force than the spring 69a only above a predetermined temperature (or transition temperature), known in advance, and achievable by providing suitable heating means for the spring 69.
  • said heating means of the spring 69 is advantageously constituted by a pair of electric wires 70, 71 adapted to allow the circulation of a current having a predetermined value in the spring itself and, thus, to achieve its heating due to the Joule effect.
  • the opening and closing operations of the valve 62 may be easily controlled by the control board of the boiler in which the burner assembly 1 is mounted, without any intervention of moving parts.
  • the gas/air mixture delivered by sections 3a and/or 3b may be ignited - choosing which section must be started first - thanks to an ignition/flame-detection assembly 123 substantially positioned astride of said sections.
  • the assembly 123 comprises:
  • said electrodes are suitably shaped so as to have an end portion thereof at a predetermined distance from the free surface of the plates 104a, 104b.
  • the assembly 123 is advantageously capable to:
  • the burner assembly of the invention possesses all the advantages of efficiency, environmental impact, size and cost which are typical of the complete pre-mixing burner assemblies.
  • the burner assembly of the invention allows to achieve a modulation range of thermal power which is significantly higher than that of the aerated, blown or pre-mixed burner assemblies of the prior art, and equal to the sum of the modulation ranges which may be achieved by each delivery section of its burner head.
  • the burner assembly of the invention allows to ensure the above modulation range of thermal power not only for powers which could have been reached so far only by the aerated or blown burners (power in the order of 100-120 KW), but also for reduced thermal powers (in the order of 20-30 KW) by simply selecting the size of the means adapted to deliver the fuel/comburent gaseous mixture to each delivery section.
  • the burner assembly of the invention allows to carry out the combustion of the fuel/comburent mixture by delivering the latter not only in vertical direction and from the bottom upwards, as in the case of the aerated burner assemblies of the prior art, but also delivering the fuel/camburent mixture sideways or top-down, all to the advantage of its flexibility of operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) mit:
    - einem Tragekörper (2, 102);
    - einem Brennerkopf (3), der von dem Körper (2) getragen wird und wenigstens eine gasdurchlässige Wand (4, 104a, b) und eine Mehrzahl von Abgabeabschnitten (3a, 3b) aufweist, die strukturell unabhängig sind und voneinander in flüssigkeitsdichter Weise stromaufwärts und bei der wenigstens einen gasdurchlässigen Wand (4, 104a, b) getrennt sind;
    - einem Mittel (6), das vom Körper (2, 102) getragen wird, zum unabhängigen Zuführen einer gasförmigen Brennstoff-/Verbrennungsunterhaltungsstoff-Mischung zu jedem der Abgabeabschnitte (3a, 3b) des Brennerkopfes (3);

    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) vom Typ der vollständigen Vormischung ist,
    dass das Mittel (6) zum Zuführen der gasförmigen Brennstoff-/ Verbrennungsunterhaltungsstoff-Mischung zu jedem der Abgabeabschnitte (3a, 3b) des Brennerkopfes (3) wenigstens einen Kanal (7, 8, 29, 30, 32, 33, 35, 36, 119) in Flüssigkeitsverbindung mit einem entsprechenden Gebläse (9, 109) und einer entsprechenden Leitung (11, 12) zum Zuführen eines gasförmigen Brennstoffes aufweist,
    und dass sie außerdem ein Unterbrechungsmittel (21, 62) des wenigstens einen Kanals (7, 8, 29, 30, 32, 33, 35, 36, 119) zum Zuführen der gasförmigen Brennstoff-/Verbrennungsunterhaltungsstoff-Mischung aufweist, das stromaufwärts von dem wenigstens einen Abgabeabschnitt (3a, 3b) befestigt ist und darauf ausgerichtet ist, eine Rückkehr von Verbrennungsabzugsgasen in die Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) zu verhindern.
  2. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die wenigstens eine gasdurchlässige Wand (4, 104a, b) im Wesentlichen aus einer Wand (4) gebildet ist, die mit einer Mehrzahl von Löchern zum Abgeben der gasförmigen Brennstoff-/ Verbrennungsunterhaltungsstoff-Mischung ausgestattet ist.
  3. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die wenigstens eine gasdurchlässige Wand (4, 104a, b) im Wesentlichen durch eine Platte (104a, b) gebildet ist, die aus einem geeigneten gasdurchlässigen porösen Material besteht.
  4. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Abgabeabschnitte (3a, 3b) der gasförmigen Brennstoff-/ Verbrennungsunterhaltungsstoff-Mischung in Reihe angeordnet sind und individuell durch entsprechende koaxiale Zuführkammern (15, 38) gespeist werden können.
  5. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Abgabeabschnitte (3a, 3b) der gasförmigen Brennstoff-/ Verbrennungsunterhaltungsstoff-Mischung parallel angeordnet sind und individuell durch entsprechende Zuführkammem (42, 43, 44, 45, 37, 46, 48, 49) gespeist werden können, die im Brennerkopf (3) stromaufwärts von der wenigstens einen gasdurchlässigen Wand (4, 104a, b) definiert sind.
  6. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Zuführkammem (42, 43, 44, 45, 37, 46, 48, 49) wechselseitig auf gasdichte Weise mittels wenigstens einer Teilungsplatte (31, 34, 50) getrennt sind.
  7. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 6, wobei die wenigstens eine Teilungsplatte (31, 50) im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Länge oder Breite des Brennerkopfes (3) senkrecht in diesem befestigt ist.
  8. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 6, wobei die wenigstens eine Teilungsplatte (34) im Wesentlichen über die gesamte Länge des Brennerkopfes (3) horizontal in diesem befestigt ist.
  9. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 1, mit einem Paar von im Wesentlichen halbzylinderförmigen und in Längsrichtung verjüngten Abgabeabschnitten (3a, 3b), die einer innerhalb des anderen parallel zueinander und koaxial angeordnet sind.
  10. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Unterbrechungsmittel (21, 62) ein Verschlussventil aufweist, das mit einem mechanischen Betätigungselement (66) ausgestattet ist, das eine Feder (69) des so genannten Formerinnerungs-Typs aus einem geeigneten metallischen Material beinhaltet.
  11. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 1, des Weiteren mit einer Zündelektrode (22, 124), die in einem vorbestimmten Abstand von der wenigstens einen gasdurchlässigen Wand (4, 104a, b) des Brennerkopfes (3) angeordnet ist.
  12. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach den Ansprüchen 5 und 11, wobei die Abgabeabschnitte (3a, 3b), die parallel zueinander angeordnet sind, im Wesentlichen Seite an Seite und koplanar angeordnet sind, und wobei die Zündelektrode (22, 124) operativ derart angeordnet ist, dass sie einen Funken rittlings von den Abschnitten (3a, 3b), die Seite an Seite angeordnet sind, erzeugt.
  13. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, des Weiteren mit einem Flammendetektor (23, 126), der in einem vorbestimmten Abstand von der wenigstens einen gasdurchlässigen Wand (4, 104a, b) des Brennerkopfes (3) angeordnet ist.
  14. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Gebläse (9, 10) mit einem kastenförmigen Körper (109a) ausgestattet ist, der zumindest teilweise integral mit dem Tragekörper (102) der Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) ist.
  15. Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach Anspruch 1, des Weiteren mit einem Mittel (26) für die lösbare Verbindung mit einem Boiler.
  16. Verbrennungsmodul (73) für einen Gasboiler, mit einem kastenförmigen Behälter (75), in dem eine Abzugsgaskammer (76) definiert ist, und mit einem Gas-Wasser-Wärmetauscher (79), der in der Kammer (76) befestigt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es stromaufwärts von dem Gas-Wasser-Wärmetauscher (79) eine Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1-3, 5-7 oder 10-15 aufweist.
  17. Gasboiler mit einer Brennerbaueinheit (1, 101) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 15.
EP99830563A 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Brennerbaueinheit und Brennerkopf zur Gasmischungsverbrennung Expired - Lifetime EP1083386B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99830563A EP1083386B1 (de) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Brennerbaueinheit und Brennerkopf zur Gasmischungsverbrennung
ES99830563T ES2258324T3 (es) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Conjunto de quemador y cabezal de quemador para mezclas gaseosas de combustible/comburente.
AT99830563T ATE317527T1 (de) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Brennerbaueinheit und brennerkopf zur gasmischungsverbrennung
DE69929769T DE69929769T2 (de) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Brennerbaueinheit und Brennerkopf zur Gasmischungsverbrennung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP99830563A EP1083386B1 (de) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Brennerbaueinheit und Brennerkopf zur Gasmischungsverbrennung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1083386A1 EP1083386A1 (de) 2001-03-14
EP1083386B1 true EP1083386B1 (de) 2006-02-08

Family

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EP99830563A Expired - Lifetime EP1083386B1 (de) 1999-09-09 1999-09-09 Brennerbaueinheit und Brennerkopf zur Gasmischungsverbrennung

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Country Link
EP (1) EP1083386B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE317527T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69929769T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2258324T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005080871A1 (en) * 2004-02-17 2005-09-01 Fasco Industries, Inc. Gas delivery system with pre-mix blower
ES2474417T3 (es) * 2010-07-26 2014-07-09 Hovalwerk Ag Instalación de combustión con mezclado previo
ITBO20110281A1 (it) * 2011-05-18 2012-11-19 Riello Spa Bruciatore premiscelato
DE102014204786A1 (de) * 2014-03-14 2015-09-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Steuergerät, Brenner sowie Verfahren zum Betrieb solch eines Steuergeräts
GB2529233B (en) 2014-08-14 2017-09-27 Munster Simms Eng Ltd Burner device for heating apparatus
JP6727710B2 (ja) * 2016-06-29 2020-07-22 リンナイ株式会社 ガスバーナ装置

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH349235A (fr) * 1958-10-23 1960-10-15 Charmes Andre Appareil de chauffage à gaz combustible
JPS6026210A (ja) * 1983-07-20 1985-02-09 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd ガスバ−ナ
DE3825629A1 (de) * 1987-08-04 1989-02-16 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Gasbrenner mit brennerstaeben
GB8800969D0 (en) 1988-01-16 1988-02-17 Hepworth Heating Ltd Gas burners
EP0331037B1 (de) 1988-02-27 1995-01-04 Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. Gasbrenner
FR2654804B1 (fr) * 1989-11-21 1994-06-03 Vaneecke Solaronics Procede d'arret automatique d'un bruleur radiant en cas de prise de feu arriere et dispositif d'obturation automatique pour la mise en óoeuvre de ce procede.
EP0534554B1 (de) * 1991-09-24 1997-03-26 Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. Brenner mit geringer Erzeugung von Stickoxiden und kleine Verbrennungsvorrichtung
US5361586A (en) * 1993-04-15 1994-11-08 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Gas turbine ultra low NOx combustor
DE19711151A1 (de) * 1997-03-18 1998-09-24 Bosch Gmbh Robert Gasheizgerät, insbesondere für Wassererhitzer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE317527T1 (de) 2006-02-15
DE69929769D1 (de) 2006-04-20
DE69929769T2 (de) 2006-11-02
EP1083386A1 (de) 2001-03-14
ES2258324T3 (es) 2006-08-16

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