EP0698350A1 - Method and apparatus for defoliating a succession of tobacco bales or the like - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for defoliating a succession of tobacco bales or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0698350A1
EP0698350A1 EP95401640A EP95401640A EP0698350A1 EP 0698350 A1 EP0698350 A1 EP 0698350A1 EP 95401640 A EP95401640 A EP 95401640A EP 95401640 A EP95401640 A EP 95401640A EP 0698350 A1 EP0698350 A1 EP 0698350A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
disintegration
bale
rpm
tobacco
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EP95401640A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Merceron
Jean-Pierre Bonnin
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JOSEPH CRUANAS Ets
Societe Nationale dExploitation Industrielle des Tabacs et Allumettes SAS
Original Assignee
JOSEPH CRUANAS Ets
Societe Nationale dExploitation Industrielle des Tabacs et Allumettes SAS
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Publication of EP0698350A1 publication Critical patent/EP0698350A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24BMANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/06Loosening tobacco leaves or cut tobacco

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for moving and stripping a succession of tobacco bales or the like.
  • tobacco bales are usually (but not exclusively) in the form of substantially parallelepipedic packages in which, as the case may be, tobacco leaves (oriental tobacco), tobacco strips (Burley or Virgine), or even the pieces of reconstituted tobacco, are compressed so as to form a laminated whole in which the strata extend parallel to a plane generally called the disintegration plane.
  • bales can be packaged in various packages such as, for example, cardboard boxes. They are intended to feed preparation and mixing chains of smoking tobacco composition. Of course, these preparation lines necessarily include a station for destroying the bales in order to allow further processing of the tobacco.
  • the stripping is then obtained thanks to the action of eccentric rollers arranged at the level of the support planes which generate vibrations whose transverse components (perpendicular to the disintegration plane) cause the detachment of the layers relative to each other without causing the destruction of tobacco leaves or strips.
  • a first drawback of this method results from the orientation of the disintegration plane relative to the support plane: the handling of bales thus oriented can cause untimely and premature disintegration of the balls.
  • the invention therefore more particularly aims to eliminate these drawbacks.
  • the lifting force can be obtained by means of at least one eccentric rotary element driven in rotation about an axis orthogonal to the direction of movement of the bales and which comprises an eccentric angular region which extends parallel to said axis, this angular region being designed so as to exert the aforesaid tearing force.
  • the support and work area may be provided at a substantially inclined angle to the vertical.
  • the invention relates to a device for implementing the method defined above.
  • the device comprises a stripping station 1 comprising a fixed support structure, made of tubular metallic elements of square section arranged so as to constitute a base formed by four vertical feet 2, 3, 4, 5 connected by sleepers, this base supporting a chassis 6 which determines a support and work area for the balls, slightly inclined relative to the horizontal (plane P).
  • a stripping station 1 comprising a fixed support structure, made of tubular metallic elements of square section arranged so as to constitute a base formed by four vertical feet 2, 3, 4, 5 connected by sleepers, this base supporting a chassis 6 which determines a support and work area for the balls, slightly inclined relative to the horizontal (plane P).
  • Each disintegration element E1 to E4 comprises two coaxial pins T1, T2, for example 40 mm, driven in rotation about their main axis by means of a drive device not shown, and on which two rollers R1 are fixed, R2, for example 70 mm, parallel to said axis and diametrically opposite.
  • rollers R1, R2 of the disintegration element E3 are shaped so as to present, along a generatrix diametrically opposite to the pins T1, T2, a projecting edge promoting disintegration as shown in the figures 2 to 4.
  • This projecting edge which extends parallel to the axis of the pins, is here obtained by fixing on each of the rollers R1, R2 a rod of square section 8.
  • the number and the distance between the crumbling elements E1 to E4 are chosen according to the nature and size of the bales to be treated.
  • the device may include four crumbling elements E1 to E4 arranged approximately 300 mm apart from one another to treat tobacco bales of approximately one meter in length.
  • the supply of the disintegration device with tobacco bales B, B ' is here ensured by means of a belt conveyor C1 whose axis of movement is orthogonal to the axes of rotation of the disintegration elements E1 to E4.
  • the transfer of bales from the conveyor to the support and work area is controlled by a shutter located at the level of the anterior horizontal upright M2 of the chassis 6. This shutter is formed by a panel 9 guided by vertical slides 10, 11 and is actuated like a guillotine by means of an actuator not shown.
  • the maintenance of the balls on the support and work area is, for its part, ensured by a plate 12 fixed to the frame 6 perpendicular to the work surface and by a roller 13 preferably mounted in free wheel, parallel to the axes of the elements. disintegration E1 to E4 and located between the lower edge of the plate 12 and the rear horizontal upright M1 of the chassis 6.
  • the extraction of the tobacco strata detached from the bale B 'and falling in the intervals between the crumbling elements E1 to E4 is carried out by means of a collecting mat C2 placed under the support and working area.
  • the balls B are introduced one by one on the support and work area, their disintegration plane P 'being substantially parallel to the work plane P.
  • the inclination of this area relative to the horizontal is then such that a component of the weight of the ball B 'is opposed to the advancement of the latter under l effect of the rollers R1, R2 of the crumbling elements E1 to E4 (which in this example rotate counterclockwise).
  • the roller exerts a force T slightly inclined downwards which completely detaches the stratum ST, which then falls on the conveyor C2.
  • the action generated by the vertical component of the effort provides a predestratification of the ball B 'without however disaggregating the latter.
  • the rotational movements of the disintegration elements will be out of phase with each other.
  • Excellent results have also been obtained by driving these elements at different speeds, for example speeds ranging from 35 to 70 rpm for element 1, speeds from 80 to 160 rpm for element 2, speeds from 35 at 70 RPM for element 3 and speeds from 80 to 160 RPM for element 4.
  • the destratification of the bale is carried out gradually, stratum by stratum, at the level of the lower face, so that the flow of destructive tobacco collected by the conveyor is substantially constant. It is therefore not necessary to provide a complex and costly rate control means.
  • pressure means 14 can be provided to keep the ball B 'applied to the work surface during the disintegration.

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  • Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)

Abstract

The method transfers each bale (B, B') which has been previously unwrapped onto a support (1), and removes the leaves from the bale in successive layers on the supporting surface side. The removal of the surface layers is achieved by one or more eccentric rotary members (E1 to E4) rotating about axes perpendicular to the bales' direction of travel. The supporting surface is inclined at six degrees to the horizontal. The eccentric elements rotate at different speeds, i.e. 35-70 rpm for the first, 80-160 rpm for the second, 35-70 rpm for the third and 80-160 rpm for the fourth.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour déplaquer et effeuiller une succession de balles de tabac ou analogue.The present invention relates to a method and a device for moving and stripping a succession of tobacco bales or the like.

D'une façon générale, on sait que les balles de tabac se présentent habituellement (mais non exclusivement) sous la forme de colis sensiblement parallélépipédiques dans lesquels, selon le cas, les feuilles de tabac (tabac d'orient), les bandes de tabac (Burley ou Virgine), voire même les lambeaux de tabac reconstitués, sont comprimés de manière à former un ensemble stratifié dans lequel les strates s'étendent parallèlement à un plan généralement appelé plan de délitage.In general, we know that tobacco bales are usually (but not exclusively) in the form of substantially parallelepipedic packages in which, as the case may be, tobacco leaves (oriental tobacco), tobacco strips (Burley or Virgine), or even the pieces of reconstituted tobacco, are compressed so as to form a laminated whole in which the strata extend parallel to a plane generally called the disintegration plane.

Ces balles peuvent être conditionnées dans des emballages divers tels que, par exemple, des caisses de carton. Elles sont destinées à alimenter des chaînes de préparation et de mélange de composition de tabac à fumer. Bien entendu, ces chaînes de préparation comprennent nécessairement un poste permettant de destratifier les balles en vue de permettre un traitement ultérieur du tabac.These bales can be packaged in various packages such as, for example, cardboard boxes. They are intended to feed preparation and mixing chains of smoking tobacco composition. Of course, these preparation lines necessarily include a station for destroying the bales in order to allow further processing of the tobacco.

En vue d'obtenir ce résultat, on a déjà proposé un procédé de délitage consistant à amener à un poste de secouage les balles disposées de telle façon que le plan de délitage soit orthogonal à la direction de déplacement et à un plan de support et de travail légèrement incliné par rapport à l'horizontale.In order to obtain this result, a disintegration process has already been proposed which consists in bringing the bales arranged in such a way that the disintegration plane is orthogonal to the direction of movement and to a plane of support and work slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal.

L'effeuillage est alors obtenu grâce à l'action de rouleaux excentriques disposés au niveau des plans de support qui engendrent des vibrations dont les composantes transversales (perpendiculaires au plan de délitage) provoquent le détachement des strates les unes par rapport aux autres sans provoquer la destruction des feuilles ou des bandes de tabac.The stripping is then obtained thanks to the action of eccentric rollers arranged at the level of the support planes which generate vibrations whose transverse components (perpendicular to the disintegration plane) cause the detachment of the layers relative to each other without causing the destruction of tobacco leaves or strips.

Un premier inconvénient de ce procédé résulte de l'orientation du plan de délitage par rapport au plan de support : la manutention de balles ainsi orientées peut provoquer un délitage intempestif et prématuré des balles.A first drawback of this method results from the orientation of the disintegration plane relative to the support plane: the handling of bales thus oriented can cause untimely and premature disintegration of the balls.

Ce risque est d'autant plus important qu'il est nécessaire de procéder à un basculement des balles pour obtenir l'orientation désirée.This risk is all the more important as it is necessary to tilt the balls to obtain the desired orientation.

Un autre inconvénient de ce procédé tient au fait qu'en raison du mode de délitage utilisé, le débit instantané de tabac délité en provenance d'une même balle varie considérablement au cours du temps.Another drawback of this process is that due to the method of disintegration used, the instantaneous flow of disintegrated tobacco from the same bale varies considerably over time.

Pour tenir compte de ces variations peu compatibles avec les exigences des installations industrielles situées en aval qui effectuent un traitement en continu du tabac délité, il est donc nécessaire de prévoir un système de régulation élaboré et coûteux : un tel système qui permet de régler la vitesse de rotation des rouleaux en fonction de la quantité de tabac recueillie, fait nécessairement intervenir une bande peseuse-doseuse ainsi qu'un agencement complexe de cellules photoélectriques au niveau des rouleaux secoueurs.To take account of these variations, which are hardly compatible with the requirements of industrial installations located downstream which carry out continuous processing of crumbled tobacco, it is therefore necessary to provide an elaborate and costly control system: such a system which makes it possible to regulate the speed rotation of the rollers according to the quantity of tobacco collected, necessarily involves a weighing-dosing belt as well as a complex arrangement of photoelectric cells at the level of the shaking rollers.

L'invention a donc plus particulièrement pour but de supprimer ces inconvénients.The invention therefore more particularly aims to eliminate these drawbacks.

A cet effet, elle propose un procédé comprenant, pour chacune des balles successives, les phases suivantes :

  • le transfert de la balle préalablement déshabillée sur l'aire de support et de travail d'un poste d'effeuillage, ladite balle étant orientée de façon à ce que sa face de support soit parallèle à son plan de délitage, et
  • le délitage progressif de la balle par décollement des strates dans une zone de faible épaisseur adjacente à sa face de support, ce décollement s'effectuant en exerçant sur les strates incluses dans ladite zone, un effort d'arrachement sensiblement parallèle au plan de délitage, de manière à éviter tout délitement prématuré dans le reste de la balle, ce délitage produisant une extraction continue et régulière de strates de tabac jusqu'à épuisement complet de la matière de la balle.
To this end, it proposes a process comprising, for each of the successive balls, the following phases:
  • the transfer of the previously stripped bale to the support and working area of a stripping station, said bale being oriented so that its support face is parallel to its disintegration plane, and
  • the progressive disintegration of the ball by detachment of the strata in a thin zone adjacent to its support face, this detachment being effected by exerting on the strata included in said zone, a tearing force substantially parallel to the disintegration plane, so as to avoid any premature disintegration in the rest of the bale, this crumbling producing a continuous and regular extraction of tobacco strata until complete exhaustion of the bale material.

Avantageusement, l'effort d'arrachement pourra être obtenu au moyen d'au moins un élément rotatif excentrique entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe orthogonal à la direction de déplacement des balles et qui comprend une région angulaire excentrée qui s'étend parallèlement audit axe, cette région angulaire étant conçue de manière à exercer le susdit effort d'arrachement.Advantageously, the lifting force can be obtained by means of at least one eccentric rotary element driven in rotation about an axis orthogonal to the direction of movement of the bales and which comprises an eccentric angular region which extends parallel to said axis, this angular region being designed so as to exert the aforesaid tearing force.

En pratique, d'excellents résultats ont été obtenus en utilisant plusieurs éléments rotatifs convenablement répartis au niveau de l'aire de support et de travail et tournant de préférence à des vitesses différentes les unes des autres.In practice, excellent results have been obtained by using several rotary elements suitably distributed at the level of the support and working area and preferably rotating at different speeds from each other.

De même, l'aire de support et de travail pourra être prévue sensiblement inclinée par rapport à la verticale.Likewise, the support and work area may be provided at a substantially inclined angle to the vertical.

Bien entendu, l'invention concerne un dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé précédemment défini.Of course, the invention relates to a device for implementing the method defined above.

Un mode d'exécution d'un tel dispositif sera décrit ci-après, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, avec référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une représentation schématique, en perspective, de ce dispositif ;
  • Les figures 2 à 4 illustrent le principe d'un élément rotatif servant à réaliser le délitage progressif des balles de tabac.
An embodiment of such a device will be described below, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of this device;
  • Figures 2 to 4 illustrate the principle of a rotary element used to achieve the progressive disintegration of tobacco bales.

Dans cet exemple, le dispositif comprend un poste d'effeuillage 1 comportant une structure de support fixe, réalisée en éléments métalliques tubulaires de section carrée agencés de manière à constituer un piètement formé de quatre pieds verticaux 2, 3, 4, 5 reliés par des traverses, ce piètement supportant un châssis 6 qui détermine une aire de support et de travail des balles, légèrement inclinée par rapport à l'horizontale (plan P).In this example, the device comprises a stripping station 1 comprising a fixed support structure, made of tubular metallic elements of square section arranged so as to constitute a base formed by four vertical feet 2, 3, 4, 5 connected by sleepers, this base supporting a chassis 6 which determines a support and work area for the balls, slightly inclined relative to the horizontal (plane P).

Sur les deux montants inclinés du cadre, sont montés rotatifs, quatre éléments de délitage E₁ à E₄ axés parallèlement aux deux montants horizontaux M₁, M₂ du châssis.On the two inclined uprights of the frame, are rotatably mounted, four disintegration elements E₁ to E₄ oriented parallel to the two horizontal uprights M₁, M₂ of the chassis.

Chaque élément de délitage E₁ à E₄ comprend deux tourillons coaxiaux T₁, T₂, par exemple de 40 mm, entraînés en rotation autour de leur axe principal au moyen d'un dispositif d'entraînement non représenté, et sur lesquels sont fixés deux rouleaux R₁, R₂, par exemple de 70 mm, parallèles audit axe et diamétralement opposés.Each disintegration element E₁ to E₄ comprises two coaxial pins T₁, T₂, for example 40 mm, driven in rotation about their main axis by means of a drive device not shown, and on which two rollers R₁ are fixed, R₂, for example 70 mm, parallel to said axis and diametrically opposite.

Dans cet exemple, les rouleaux R₁, R₂ de l'élément de délitage E₃ sont conformés de manière à présenter, le long d'une génératrice diamétralement opposée aux tourillons T₁, T₂, une arête saillante favorisant le délitage de la façon indiquée sur les figures 2 à 4. Cette arête saillante qui s'étend parallèlement à l'axe des tourillons, est ici obtenue grâce à la fixation sur chacun des rouleaux R₁, R₂ d'une tige de section carrée 8.In this example, the rollers R₁, R₂ of the disintegration element E₃ are shaped so as to present, along a generatrix diametrically opposite to the pins T₁, T₂, a projecting edge promoting disintegration as shown in the figures 2 to 4. This projecting edge which extends parallel to the axis of the pins, is here obtained by fixing on each of the rollers R₁, R₂ a rod of square section 8.

En pratique, le nombre et l'entraxe des éléments de délitage E₁ à E₄ sont choisis en fonction de la nature et de la taille des balles à traiter. A titre d'exemple, le dispositif pourra comprendre quatre éléments de délitage E₁ à E₄ disposés à environ 300 mm l'un de l'autre pour traiter des balles de tabac d'environ un mètre de long.In practice, the number and the distance between the crumbling elements E₁ to E₄ are chosen according to the nature and size of the bales to be treated. By way of example, the device may include four crumbling elements E₁ to E₄ arranged approximately 300 mm apart from one another to treat tobacco bales of approximately one meter in length.

L'alimentation du dispositif de délitage en balles de tabac B, B' est ici assurée au moyen d'un convoyeur à bande C₁ dont l'axe de déplacement est orthogonal aux axes de rotation des éléments de délitage E₁ à E₄. Le transfert des balles du convoyeur à l'aire de support et de travail est commandé par un obturateur situé au niveau du montant horizontal antérieur M₂ du châssis 6. Cet obturateur est formé d'un panneau 9 guidé par des glissières verticales 10, 11 et est actionné à la façon d'une guillotine grâce à un actionneur non représenté.The supply of the disintegration device with tobacco bales B, B 'is here ensured by means of a belt conveyor C₁ whose axis of movement is orthogonal to the axes of rotation of the disintegration elements E₁ to E₄. The transfer of bales from the conveyor to the support and work area is controlled by a shutter located at the level of the anterior horizontal upright M₂ of the chassis 6. This shutter is formed by a panel 9 guided by vertical slides 10, 11 and is actuated like a guillotine by means of an actuator not shown.

Le maintien des balles sur l'aire de support et de travail est, quant à lui, assuré par une plaque 12 fixée au châssis 6 perpendiculairement au plan de travail et par un rouleau 13 monté de préférence en roue libre, parallèlement aux axes des éléments de délitage E₁ à E₄ et situé entre le bord inférieur de la plaque 12 et le montant horizontal postérieur M₁ du châssis 6.The maintenance of the balls on the support and work area is, for its part, ensured by a plate 12 fixed to the frame 6 perpendicular to the work surface and by a roller 13 preferably mounted in free wheel, parallel to the axes of the elements. disintegration E₁ to E₄ and located between the lower edge of the plate 12 and the rear horizontal upright M₁ of the chassis 6.

L'extraction des strates de tabac détachées de la balle B' et tombant dans les intervalles entre les éléments de délitage E₁ à E₄ s'effectue grâce à un tapis collecteur C₂ disposé sous l'aire de support et de travail.The extraction of the tobacco strata detached from the bale B 'and falling in the intervals between the crumbling elements E₁ to E₄ is carried out by means of a collecting mat C₂ placed under the support and working area.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif précédemment décrit est alors le suivant :The operation of the device described above is then as follows:

Grâce au convoyeur à bande C₁ et à l'obturateur 9, 10, 11, les balles B sont introduites une à une sur l'aire de support et de travail, leur plan de délitage P' étant sensiblement parallèle au plan de travail P. L'inclinaison de cette aire par rapport à l'horizontale (de 0 à 10°, de préférence 6°) est alors telle qu'une composante du poids de la balle B' s'oppose à l'avancement de cette dernière sous l'effet des rouleaux R₁, R₂ des éléments de délitage E₁ à E₄ (qui tournent dans cet exemple en sens antihoraire).Thanks to the conveyor belt C₁ and the shutter 9, 10, 11, the balls B are introduced one by one on the support and work area, their disintegration plane P 'being substantially parallel to the work plane P. The inclination of this area relative to the horizontal (from 0 to 10 °, preferably 6 °) is then such that a component of the weight of the ball B 'is opposed to the advancement of the latter under l effect of the rollers R₁, R₂ of the crumbling elements E₁ to E₄ (which in this example rotate counterclockwise).

Une fois immobilisée sur l'aire de support et de travail, la partie inférieure de la balle B' est soumise à une action de délitage exercée par chacun des éléments E₁ à E₄, de la façon illustrée sur les figures 2 à 4.Once immobilized on the support and work area, the lower part of the ball B 'is subjected to a disintegration action exerted by each of the elements E₁ to E₄, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4.

A partir de la position initiale indiquée en traits interrompus sur la figure 2, où les axes des rouleaux R₁, R₂ se trouvent dans un plan parallèle au plan P, le rouleau R₁ exerce sur la face inférieure de la balle B' un effort dont la composante verticale FV est prépondérante tandis que la composante T dans le plan de travail est négligeable. En conséquence, la balle B' tend à être soulevée vers le haut.From the initial position indicated in broken lines in Figure 2, where the axes of the rollers R₁, R₂ are in a plane parallel to the plane P, the roller R₁ exerts on the underside of the ball B 'an effort whose vertical component FV is preponderant while component T in the work plane is negligible. Consequently, the ball B 'tends to be lifted upwards.

Lorsqu'ensuite la position angulaire de l'élément de délitage E₃ est comprise entre 45° et 90° par rapport à la position initiale (position indiquée en traits pleins figure 2), la composante T devient de plus en plus importante et engendre sur la première strate de la balle un effort d'arrachement sensiblement dans son plan. Cette strate ST commence donc à se détacher de la balle B'.When then the angular position of the disintegration element E₃ is between 45 ° and 90 ° relative to the initial position (position indicated in solid lines in Figure 2), the component T becomes more and more important and generates on the first layer of the ball a pullout effort substantially in its plan. This stratum ST therefore begins to detach from the ball B '.

Au-delà de 90°, le rouleau exerce un effort T légèrement incliné vers le bas qui détache complètement la strate ST, laquelle tombe alors sur le convoyeur C₂.Beyond 90 °, the roller exerts a force T slightly inclined downwards which completely detaches the stratum ST, which then falls on the conveyor C₂.

Cette action se trouve ici renforcée par la présence de l'arête saillante de la tige de section carrée 8 prévue sur les rouleaux R₁ et R₂.This action is here reinforced by the presence of the projecting edge of the square section rod 8 provided on the rollers R₁ and R₂.

Parallèlement, l'action engendrée par la composante verticale de l'effort (action de battage) assure une prédestratification de la balle B' sans cependant désagréger cette dernière.At the same time, the action generated by the vertical component of the effort (threshing action) provides a predestratification of the ball B 'without however disaggregating the latter.

De préférence, les mouvements de rotation des éléments de délitage seront déphasés les uns par rapport aux autres. D'excellents résultats ont été également obtenus en entraînant ces éléments à des vitesses différentes, par exemple des vitesses allant de 35 à 70 TPM pour l'élément 1, des vitesses de 80 à 160 TPM pour l'élément 2, des vitesses de 35 à 70 TPM pour l'élément 3 et des vitesses de 80 à 160 TPM pour l'élément 4.Preferably, the rotational movements of the disintegration elements will be out of phase with each other. Excellent results have also been obtained by driving these elements at different speeds, for example speeds ranging from 35 to 70 rpm for element 1, speeds from 80 to 160 rpm for element 2, speeds from 35 at 70 RPM for element 3 and speeds from 80 to 160 RPM for element 4.

Grâce à ces dispositions, la destratification de la balle s'effectue progressivement, strate par strate, au niveau de la face inférieure, de sorte que le débit de tabac destratifié recueilli par le convoyeur est sensiblement constant. Il n'est donc pas nécessaire de prévoir de moyen d'asservissement de débit complexe et coûteux.Thanks to these provisions, the destratification of the bale is carried out gradually, stratum by stratum, at the level of the lower face, so that the flow of destructive tobacco collected by the conveyor is substantially constant. It is therefore not necessary to provide a complex and costly rate control means.

Bien entendu, l'invention ne se limite pas au mode d'exécution précédemment décrit. Ainsi, les éléments de délitage pourraient consister en des excentriques de formes variées.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. Thus, the elements of disintegration could consist of eccentrics of various shapes.

Par ailleurs, des moyens de pression 14 peuvent être prévus pour maintenir la balle B' appliquée sur le plan de travail pendant le délitage.Furthermore, pressure means 14 can be provided to keep the ball B 'applied to the work surface during the disintegration.

Claims (12)

Procédé pour déplaquer et effeuiller une succession de balles de tabac ou analogue,
caractérisé en ce que pour chacune des balles il comprend les phases suivantes : - le transfert de la balle préalablement déshabillée sur l'aire de support et de travail d'un poste d'effeuillage (1), ladite balle (B, B') étant orientée de façon à ce que sa face de support soit parallèle à son plan de délitage, et - le délitage progressif de la balle (B, B') par décollement des strates dans une zone de faible épaisseur adjacente à sa face de support, ce décollement s'effectuant en exerçant sur les strates incluses dans ladite zone, un effort d'arrachement sensiblement parallèle au plan de délitage, de manière à éviter tout délitement prématuré dans le reste de la balle, ce délitage produisant une extraction continue et régulière de strates de tabac jusqu'à épuisement complet de la matière de la balle.
Method for moving and stripping a succession of tobacco bales or the like,
characterized in that for each of the balls it comprises the following phases: - the transfer of the previously stripped bale to the support and work area of a stripping station (1), said bale (B, B ') being oriented so that its support face is parallel to its disintegration plan, and - the progressive disintegration of the ball (B, B ') by detachment of the strata in a thin zone adjacent to its support face, this detachment being effected by exerting on the strata included in said zone, a tearing force substantially parallel to the disintegration plane, so as to avoid any premature disintegration in the rest of the bale, this disintegration producing a continuous and regular extraction of tobacco strata until the material of the bale is completely exhausted.
Procédé selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce que l'effort d'arrachement est obtenu au moyen d'au moins un élément rotatif excentrique (E₁ à E₄) entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe orthogonal à la direction de déplacement des balles.
Method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the lifting force is obtained by means of at least one eccentric rotary element (E₁ to E₄) driven in rotation about an axis orthogonal to the direction of movement of the bales.
Procédé selon la revendication 2,
caractérisé en ce que le susdit élément rotatif excentrique (E₁ à E₄) comprend une région angulaire excentrée qui s'étend parallèlement audit axe, cette région angulaire étant conçue de manière à exercer le susdit effort d'arrachement.
Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that the above-mentioned eccentric rotary element (E₁ to E₄) comprises an eccentric angular region which extends parallel to said axis, this angular region being designed so as to exert the aforesaid pulling force.
Procédé selon la revendication 2,
caractérisé en ce que l'effort d'arrachement est obtenu au moyen de plusieurs éléments rotatifs (E₁ à E₄) excentriques répartis au niveau de l'aire de support et de travail et tournant à des vitesses différentes les unes des autres.
Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that the lifting force is obtained by means of several eccentric rotary elements (E₁ to E₄) distributed at the level of the support and working area and rotating at different speeds from each other.
Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que l'aire de support et de travail est sensiblement inclinée par rapport à la verticale.
Method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the support and working area is substantially inclined relative to the vertical.
Procédé selon la revendication 5,
caractérisé en ce que l'inclinaison de l'aire de support et de travail est comprise entre 0° et 10° et est de préférence égale à 6°.
Method according to claim 5,
characterized in that the inclination of the support and working area is between 0 ° and 10 ° and is preferably equal to 6 °.
Procédé selon la revendication 2,
caractérisé en ce que l'effort d'arrachement est obtenu au moyen de quatre éléments rotatifs excentriques (E₁ à E₄), à savoir un premier élément (E₁) entraîné à une vitesse allant de 35 à 70 TPM, un deuxième élément (E₂) entraîné à une vitesse de 80 à 160 TPM, un troisième élément (E₃) entraîné à une vitesse de 35 à 70 TPM et un quatrième élément (E₄) entraîné à une vitesse de 80 à 160 TPM.
Method according to claim 2,
characterized in that the lifting force is obtained by means of four eccentric rotary elements (E₁ to E₄), namely a first element (E₁) driven at a speed ranging from 35 to 70 RPM, a second element (E₂) driven at a speed of 80 to 160 RPM, a third element (E₃) driven at a speed of 35 to 70 RPM and a fourth element (E₄) driven at a speed of 80 to 160 RPM.
Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un poste d'effeuillage (1) comportant un piètement (2, 3, 4, 5) supportant un châssis (6) qui détermine une aire de support et de travail des balles (B, B' ) et sur lequel sont montés rotatifs plusieurs éléments de délitage (E₁ à E₄) et une plaque de maintien (12) fixée à la partie postérieure du châssis (6) et qui s'étend perpendiculairement à l'aire de support et de travail, un dispositif d'alimentation en balles comportant un distributeur de balles une par une (9, 10, 11) et un tapis collecteur (C₂) disposé sous l'aire de support et de travail de manière à recevoir les strates de tabac détachées de la balle (B') et tombant dans les intervalles entre les éléments de délitage (E₁ à E₄).
Device for implementing the method according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that it comprises a stripping station (1) comprising a base (2, 3, 4, 5) supporting a frame (6) which determines a support and working area for the bales (B, B ') and on which are rotatably mounted several disintegration elements (E₁ to E₄) and a retaining plate (12) fixed to the rear part of the frame (6) and which extends perpendicular to the support and work area, a bale supply device comprising a bale distributor one by one (9, 10, 11) and a collecting mat (C₂) arranged under the support and work area so as to receive the tobacco strata detached from the bale (B ') and falling in the intervals between the disintegration elements (E₁ to E₄).
Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que l'aire de support et de travail est inclinée par rapport à l'horizontale d'un angle de 0° à 10°, de préférence égal à 6°.Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the support and working area is inclined relative to the horizontal by an angle of 0 ° to 10 °, preferably equal to 6 °. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 et 9,
caractérisé en ce que les éléments de délitage (E₁ à E₄) consistent en des excentriques.
Device according to one of claims 8 and 9,
characterized in that the disintegration elements (E₁ to E₄) consist of eccentrics.
11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10,
caractérisé en ce que l'un des excentriques (E₃) comprend au moins une arête saillante qui s'étend parallèlement à l'axe de rotation dudit excentrique.
11. Device according to claim 10,
characterized in that one of the eccentrics (E₃) comprises at least one projecting edge which extends parallel to the axis of rotation of said eccentric.
Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 8 à 11,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un rouleau (13) monté en roue libre entre la plaque (12) et le montant postérieur (M₁) du châssis (6).
Device according to one of claims 8 to 11,
characterized in that it comprises a roller (13) mounted in freewheel between the plate (12) and the rear upright (M₁) of the frame (6).
EP95401640A 1994-08-23 1995-07-07 Method and apparatus for defoliating a succession of tobacco bales or the like Ceased EP0698350A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9410309A FR2723820B1 (en) 1994-08-23 1994-08-23 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MOVING AND PEARLING A SUCCESSION OF TOBACCO BALLS OR THE LIKE
FR9410309 1994-08-23

Publications (1)

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EP0698350A1 true EP0698350A1 (en) 1996-02-28

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EP95401640A Ceased EP0698350A1 (en) 1994-08-23 1995-07-07 Method and apparatus for defoliating a succession of tobacco bales or the like

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EP (1) EP0698350A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2723820B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102150946A (en) * 2011-01-19 2011-08-17 云南烟草科学研究院 Leaf beating device for laboratory

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1120961B (en) * 1958-07-24 1961-12-28 Reemtsma H F & Ph Method and device for loosening tobacco leaves compressed into bales
DE1127264B (en) * 1959-05-05 1962-04-05 Reemtsma H F & Ph Process for loosening tobacco leaves compressed into balls
FR2406398A1 (en) * 1977-10-18 1979-05-18 Rothmans Of Pall Mall OPENING AND HUMIDIFICATION OF TOBACCO FROM BALES
US4573484A (en) * 1984-06-14 1986-03-04 Wilh. Quester Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Charging device for opening and delivering leaf-type material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1120961B (en) * 1958-07-24 1961-12-28 Reemtsma H F & Ph Method and device for loosening tobacco leaves compressed into bales
DE1127264B (en) * 1959-05-05 1962-04-05 Reemtsma H F & Ph Process for loosening tobacco leaves compressed into balls
FR2406398A1 (en) * 1977-10-18 1979-05-18 Rothmans Of Pall Mall OPENING AND HUMIDIFICATION OF TOBACCO FROM BALES
US4573484A (en) * 1984-06-14 1986-03-04 Wilh. Quester Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Charging device for opening and delivering leaf-type material

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102150946A (en) * 2011-01-19 2011-08-17 云南烟草科学研究院 Leaf beating device for laboratory

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2723820B1 (en) 1996-09-27
FR2723820A1 (en) 1996-03-01

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