EP0695432A1 - Microscope laser a lumiere diffusee - Google Patents

Microscope laser a lumiere diffusee

Info

Publication number
EP0695432A1
EP0695432A1 EP94912459A EP94912459A EP0695432A1 EP 0695432 A1 EP0695432 A1 EP 0695432A1 EP 94912459 A EP94912459 A EP 94912459A EP 94912459 A EP94912459 A EP 94912459A EP 0695432 A1 EP0695432 A1 EP 0695432A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
laser
laser beam
objects
guided
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94912459A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gernot K. BRÜCK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IMAB Stiftung
IMAB-STIFTUNG
Original Assignee
IMAB Stiftung
IMAB-STIFTUNG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by IMAB Stiftung, IMAB-STIFTUNG filed Critical IMAB Stiftung
Publication of EP0695432A1 publication Critical patent/EP0695432A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00—Microscopes
    • G02B21/0004—Microscopes specially adapted for specific applications
    • G02B21/0012—Surgical microscopes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y20/00—Nanooptics, e.g. quantum optics or photonic crystals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y35/00—Methods or apparatus for measurement or analysis of nanostructures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01Q—SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES OR APPARATUS; APPLICATIONS OF SCANNING-PROBE TECHNIQUES, e.g. SCANNING PROBE MICROSCOPY [SPM]
    • G01Q60/00—Particular types of SPM [Scanning Probe Microscopy] or microscopes; Essential components thereof
    • G01Q60/18—SNOM [Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy] or apparatus therefor, e.g. SNOM probes
    • G01Q60/22—Probes, their manufacture, or their related instrumentation, e.g. holders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B21/00—Microscopes
    • G02B21/06—Means for illuminating specimens

Definitions

  • Different devices are used to enlarge and examine objects and surfaces of objects in the subminiature range. For example, Light microscopes, electron microscopes or scanning electron microscopes etc. are used.
  • the captured image can only be evaluated with a CCD camera attached and a subsequent image processing.
  • Another problem is the very small solid angle at which this and other systems are used for detection. This applies in the same way to all other systems that are equipped with lenses or lens-like lenses.
  • the objects have to be specially prepared, e.g. by vapor deposition of a metal film. This means not only a considerable effort, but also an exclusion of different objects for the preparation. Here, too, the area on which detection is carried out is still considerably restricted.
  • the task now is to develop a method in which all types of objects can be enlarged without contact and unprepared and a large amount of information is available for evaluation.
  • a laser beam is adjusted to the necessary beam width with an expansion lens and then focused with a lens with a small focal length in the focus on the minimum possible diameter.
  • lasers in the visible range of approximately 100 nm corresponding to 1 ⁇ m can be achieved in focus.
  • the focused beam is moved over the slide using mechanical devices or optoelectric systems, and in this way the object is identified and pre-analyzed.
  • the step size should not exceed the beam diameter.
  • a hemisphere is attached around the focus point above the slide and, in the case of transparent slides, also below the slide, the center or -points are in the focal point of the laser beam. are located.
  • photo sensors are attached directly or indirectly in a regular grid. Since the reading of individual photo sensors, such as photo elements, is only possible with considerable expenditure of electronics and, above all, time, the use of indirect photo sensors is recommended. These consist of fine optical fibers that start from the individual measuring points on the hemisphere surface and are bundled into one or, if necessary, several lines.
  • Another possibility is the use of transparent materials, the surface element being tapered over a certain distance onto the light guide cross-sectional area.
  • the incoming light is then guided into the optical fiber by multiple reflection.
  • the hemispherical detection surfaces created with the device according to the invention around the focal point now enable a comprehensive evaluation of the reflected and above all of the scattered light.
  • Structural analyzes can thus be carried out down to a few nm.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 An embodiment of the method according to the invention is described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The following details are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2:
  • the laser beam from the laser 1 passes through the deflecting mirror 2 into the expansion optics 3.
  • the beam is expanded here.
  • This widened beam 4 strikes the focusing lens 5 and is focused on the focus point 7.
  • the slide 8 is scanned in the two possible directions of the plane. This results in reflections and scattering 6, which then fall onto a hemispherical surface 9 and are detected there.
  • FIGS. 3 to 9 The following details are shown in FIGS. 3 to 9:
  • the light-receiving positions 19 are located on the receiving hemisphere 9 at an equal distance from one another or in sections divided into sectors. In these positions, the optical fibers 21 either lead directly from the hemisphere surface 20 into the interior of the hemisphere or this is done according to light collectors. 8 or 9.
  • These light collectors are either a diffusing screen 27 which is fitted into a frame 28 or a sector part 29 which tapers to the optical fiber diameter and is made of a transparent material, with the former measuring the overall brightness of the diffusing screen and the second with the light reaches the optical fiber 21 via multiple reflections.
  • the optical fibers 21 open onto the linear CCD 22 and sit on the glass pane 24 of the CCD.
  • a bracket 23 ensures that the optical fibers 21 are held directly above the row of pixels 25.
  • the information reaches the computer (not shown) via the connecting tiller 26.
  • the beam is guided over the horizontal mirror 17 and vertical mirror 18.
  • These mirrors then each consist of the mirror receptacle 15, on which the mirror body 10 with its reflection layer 11 rests in such a way that an edge of the mirror body is embedded in an elastic plastic 12 and rests on the opposite side via the adhesive layer 14 on the piezo element 13 .
  • By changing the voltage applied to the piezo element its shape changes, which results in a change in the position of the mirror in such a way that the mirror rotates around the edge mounted in plastic.
  • the fine focusing can be achieved in a similar manner by holding the focus lens 5 in a plastic ring 19 which rests on piezo elements 13.
  • the piezo elements rest on the lens holder 16.
  • a change in the voltage of all the piezo elements carrying the lens also results in a change in the bearing Lens, which can raise or lower the focus point.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Microscoopes, Condenser (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de grossissement d'objets par microscope laser, ainsi qu'un dispositif de mise en ÷uvre dudit procédé. Ce procédé permet d'examiner notamment des objets organiques, élastiques ou isolants dont la grandeur peut atteindre l'ordre du nanomètre, ainsi que leurs structures, sans contact et sans préparation. Ce procédé permet en outre de traiter les signaux obtenus, sans grande complexité technique. A cet effet les échantillons sont éclairés par un faisceau laser évasé par l'intermédiaire d'une optique d'évasement (3) pour donner un diamètre lumineux plus important. Ledit faisceau laser est ensuite focalisé à l'aide d'une lentille de focalisation de distance focale moindre pour donner un diamètre lumineux aussi petit que possible, afin que l'objet puisse subir un balayage tramé. L'intensité des réflexions de la lumière et du rayonnement diffusé (6) est détectée sur un très grand angle spatial, de préférence sur la surface intérieure d'une ou de deux demi-coques sphériques, avec des photodétecteurs directs ou indirects. Il est possible d'utiliser comme détecteurs lumineux des fibres optiques.
EP94912459A 1993-04-22 1994-04-19 Microscope laser a lumiere diffusee Withdrawn EP0695432A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4313094A DE4313094A1 (de) 1993-04-22 1993-04-22 Lasermikroskopie
DE4313094 1993-04-22
PCT/DE1994/000419 WO1994024600A1 (fr) 1993-04-22 1994-04-19 Microscope laser a lumiere diffusee

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0695432A1 true EP0695432A1 (fr) 1996-02-07

Family

ID=6486052

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94912459A Withdrawn EP0695432A1 (fr) 1993-04-22 1994-04-19 Microscope laser a lumiere diffusee

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5764364A (fr)
EP (1) EP0695432A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09500218A (fr)
DE (1) DE4313094A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994024600A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29613558U1 (de) * 1996-08-05 1996-09-26 Hendrix, Jules, Dr., 22605 Hamburg Röntgen- oder Gamma-Photonendetektoranordnung mit Glasfaserkörper mit gekrümmter Eingangsfläche
EP1058834A1 (fr) * 1998-12-21 2000-12-13 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Diffusiometre
DE19923821A1 (de) * 1999-05-19 2000-11-23 Zeiss Carl Jena Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur Lageerfassung einer mit einem Laser-Scanner abzutastenden Fläche
US7817275B2 (en) * 2007-03-07 2010-10-19 University Of Delaware Scanning optical microscope with long working distance objective
US20170139195A1 (en) * 2015-11-14 2017-05-18 Guy Kennedy Microscopy Safety Dome
CN107084671B (zh) * 2017-02-24 2019-07-16 浙江大学 一种基于三线结构光的凹球直径测量系统及测量方法
CN108535217A (zh) * 2018-04-08 2018-09-14 雄安华讯方舟科技有限公司 光学相干层析成像系统

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3476482A (en) * 1967-09-27 1969-11-04 Conrac Corp Opacimeter for comparing light from different areas of sample sheet
JPS6049841B2 (ja) * 1980-07-16 1985-11-05 室蘭工業大学長 光学式非接触型検出装置
US4583861A (en) * 1981-08-12 1986-04-22 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Surface condition judging apparatus
US4441124A (en) * 1981-11-05 1984-04-03 Western Electric Company, Inc. Technique for inspecting semiconductor wafers for particulate contamination
DE3145633A1 (de) * 1981-11-17 1983-08-11 Byk-Mallinckrodt Chemische Produkte Gmbh, 4230 Wesel Vorrichtung zur farbmessung
DE3805785A1 (de) * 1988-02-24 1989-09-07 Sick Optik Elektronik Erwin Verfahren und vorrichtung zur optischen erfassung des rauheitsprofils einer materialoberflaeche
US4849645A (en) * 1988-03-04 1989-07-18 American Telephone And Telegraph Company Substrate inspection system having two scattered light detecting bundles orthogonally positioned to each other
JPH02143149A (ja) * 1988-11-25 1990-06-01 Hitachi Electron Eng Co Ltd 面板欠陥検出用受光器
US4991971A (en) * 1989-02-13 1991-02-12 United Technologies Corporation Fiber optic scatterometer for measuring optical surface roughness
US4954722A (en) * 1989-07-21 1990-09-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce Scanning scattering microscope with hemispherical mirror and microfocused beam
GB9016587D0 (en) * 1990-07-27 1990-09-12 Isis Innovation Infra-red scanning microscopy

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9424600A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1994024600A1 (fr) 1994-10-27
JPH09500218A (ja) 1997-01-07
US5764364A (en) 1998-06-09
DE4313094A1 (de) 1994-10-27

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