EP0693545A1 - Wood gas producer - Google Patents

Wood gas producer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0693545A1
EP0693545A1 EP95111130A EP95111130A EP0693545A1 EP 0693545 A1 EP0693545 A1 EP 0693545A1 EP 95111130 A EP95111130 A EP 95111130A EP 95111130 A EP95111130 A EP 95111130A EP 0693545 A1 EP0693545 A1 EP 0693545A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
ring
channel
gas generator
nozzle ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95111130A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0693545B1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Viesel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0693545A1 publication Critical patent/EP0693545A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0693545B1 publication Critical patent/EP0693545B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/34—Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices
    • C10J3/40—Movable grates
    • C10J3/42—Rotary grates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wood gas generator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the formation of the gasification stove is defined in detail, which follows the well-known construction principle used by the German company IMBERT.
  • a so-called nozzle ring is of importance, which is coaxially installed in the vertical cylindrical gasification shaft and constricts it.
  • wood gas generators have the disadvantage that the gas produced contains a lot of tar, which damage the engine and the environment. There are also other pollutants in the gas.
  • the invention has for its object to avoid these pollutants to a significant extent. This object is achieved according to the invention in a wood gas generator of the type described in the introduction by the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • a gas ring channel is then provided in the nozzle ring, in which the gas obtained is subjected to a second combustion.
  • the nozzle ring in particular its upper bead-starting section, lies in the hottest zone and reaches a temperature of approx. 1,000 ° C.
  • the gas normally from the annular space which surrounds the lower annular jacket section of the nozzle ring, is withdrawn to the outside, according to the invention the gas is first allowed to flow through the annular channel in order to thereby burn at least the tar fractions and possibly to add further pollutants to the solid combustion residues.
  • a further development of the invention consists in the fact that a possibility is also created that gas, as known, is taken directly from the gasification zone and a switching device is provided with which the outlet opening of the gas ring channel can optionally be closed and the immediate removal opening can be opened and vice versa. Finally, it is expedient to design the switching device in such a way that both gas paths can be operated with optionally different flow cross sections and the gas streams can be mixed.
  • the lower part of the wood gas generator shown comprises a container 1, which is surrounded by heat-insulating material and has a rotating grate 2 above the floor. At a distance above this is a nozzle ring 3 connected to the container wall, which is divided into an upper bead-like section 4 and a ring jacket section 5 projecting freely downwards. There is a over the nozzle ring circumferential intake air duct 6 is provided, which is fed through an intake air nozzle 7 and emits the air via individual nozzles 8 into the gasification zone.
  • the nozzle ring 3 contains a gas ring channel 11 which is separated at one point by a transverse wall 12 so that the gas ring channel has a beginning and an end.
  • the beginning is connected to the annular space 10 via an inlet opening 13 and the end opens outwards via an outlet pipe 14.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

A lower ring mantle and the gasifying chamber outer well form an annular chamber from which the gas is drawn off. Air is drawn in above the nozzle ring. The gas ring channel (11) runs through nearly 360 degrees and is located within the nozzle ring (3). The ring channel has an inlet (13) from the ring chamber (10), and its outlet (14) is connected to an outlet channel (17). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Holzgaserzeuger nach dem Gattungsbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Dort ist die Ausbildung des Vergasungsherdes im einzelnen definiert, der dem bekannten, von der deutschen Firma IMBERT verbreiteten Bauprinzip folgt. Dabei ist ein sogenannter Düsenring von Bedeutung, der in dem vertikalen zylindrischen Vergasungsschacht koaxial eingebaut ist und diesen einschnürt.The invention relates to a wood gas generator according to the preamble of claim 1. There the formation of the gasification stove is defined in detail, which follows the well-known construction principle used by the German company IMBERT. A so-called nozzle ring is of importance, which is coaxially installed in the vertical cylindrical gasification shaft and constricts it.

Allgemein haben Holzgaserzeuger den Nachteil, daß das erzeugte Gas viel Teer-Anteile enthält, welche dem Motor und der Umwelt schaden. Außerdem sind auch noch andere Schadstoffe in dem Gas enthalten.In general, wood gas generators have the disadvantage that the gas produced contains a lot of tar, which damage the engine and the environment. There are also other pollutants in the gas.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese Schadstoffe zu einem wesentlichen Anteil zu vermeiden. Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Holzgaserzeuger der einleitend bezeichneten Art erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The invention has for its object to avoid these pollutants to a significant extent. This object is achieved according to the invention in a wood gas generator of the type described in the introduction by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Danach ist in dem Düsenring ein Gasringkanal vorgesehen, in welchem das gewonnene Gas einer zweiten Verbrennung unterzogen wird. Der Düsenring, und zwar insbesondere dessen oberer wulstartiger Abschnitt liegt in der heißesten Zone und erreicht eine Temperatur von ca. 1.000°C. Während das Gas normalerweise aus dem Ringraum, welcher den unteren Ringmantelabschnitt des Düsenringes umgibt, nach außen abgezogen wird, läßt man erfindungsgemäß das Gas erst noch durch den Ringkanal strömen, um hierdurch zumindest die Teeranteile zu verbrennen und womöglich noch weitere Schadstoffe an den festen Verbrennungsrückständen anzulagern.A gas ring channel is then provided in the nozzle ring, in which the gas obtained is subjected to a second combustion. The nozzle ring, in particular its upper bead-starting section, lies in the hottest zone and reaches a temperature of approx. 1,000 ° C. During the gas normally from the annular space which surrounds the lower annular jacket section of the nozzle ring, is withdrawn to the outside, according to the invention the gas is first allowed to flow through the annular channel in order to thereby burn at least the tar fractions and possibly to add further pollutants to the solid combustion residues.

Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß auch eine Möglichkeit geschaffen wird, daß Gas wie bekannt unmittelbar aus der Vergasungszone zu entnehmen und eine Umschalteinrichtung vorzusehen, mit der sich wahlweise die Auslaßöffnung des Gasringkanals schließen und die unmittelbare Entnahmeöffnung öffnen läßt und umgekehrt. Schließlich ist es zweckmäßig, die Umschalteinrichtung so auszubilden, daß beide Gaswege mit wahlweise unterschiedlichen Strömungsquerschnitten betrieben und die Gasströme gemischt werden können.A further development of the invention consists in the fact that a possibility is also created that gas, as known, is taken directly from the gasification zone and a switching device is provided with which the outlet opening of the gas ring channel can optionally be closed and the immediate removal opening can be opened and vice versa. Finally, it is expedient to design the switching device in such a way that both gas paths can be operated with optionally different flow cross sections and the gas streams can be mixed.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der schematischen Zeichnung erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigt

Fig. 1
einen vertikalen Längsschnitt des unteren Teils eines Holzgaserzeugers und
Fig. 2
einen horizontalen Querschnitt II-II.
An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the schematic drawing. In detail shows
Fig. 1
a vertical longitudinal section of the lower part of a wood gas generator and
Fig. 2
a horizontal cross section II-II.

Zunächst ist anzumerken, daß die einzelnen Zugangsöffnungen zum Herdraum zur Vereinfachung weggelassen sind.First of all, it should be noted that the individual access openings to the stove space have been omitted for simplification.

Der gezeigte untere Teil des Holzgaserzeugers umfaßt einen mit wärmedämmendem Material umgebenden Behälter 1, der über dem Boden einen Drehrost 2 aufweist. In einem Abstand über diesem befindet sich ein mit der Behälterwandung verbundener Düsenring 3, der sich in einen oberen wulstartigen Abschnitt 4 und einen frei nach unten abstehenden Ringmantelabschnitt 5 gliedert. Über dem Düsenring ist ein umlaufender Ansaugluftkanal 6 vorgesehen, der durch einen Ansaugluftstutzen 7 gespeist wird und die Luft über einzelne Düsen 8 in die Vergasungszone abgibt.The lower part of the wood gas generator shown comprises a container 1, which is surrounded by heat-insulating material and has a rotating grate 2 above the floor. At a distance above this is a nozzle ring 3 connected to the container wall, which is divided into an upper bead-like section 4 and a ring jacket section 5 projecting freely downwards. There is a over the nozzle ring circumferential intake air duct 6 is provided, which is fed through an intake air nozzle 7 and emits the air via individual nozzles 8 into the gasification zone.

Bekannt ist es, das gewonnene Gas über einen Auslaßstutzen 9 aus dem Ringraum 10 abzuziehen, der sich zwischen dem Ringmantelabschnitt 5 des Düsenrings und der Wand des Behälters 1 befindet.It is known to withdraw the gas obtained from the annular space 10 via an outlet connection 9, which is located between the annular jacket section 5 of the nozzle ring and the wall of the container 1.

Die Besonderheit der vorgeschlagenen Anordnung besteht darin, daß der Düsenring 3 einen Gasringkanal 11 enthält der an einer Stelle durch eine Querwand 12 abgetrennt ist, so daß der Gasringkanal einen Anfang und ein Ende erhält. Der Anfang steht über eine Einlaßöffnung 13 mit dem Ringraum 10 in Verbindung und das Ende mündet über ein Auslaßrohr 14 nach außen.The peculiarity of the proposed arrangement is that the nozzle ring 3 contains a gas ring channel 11 which is separated at one point by a transverse wall 12 so that the gas ring channel has a beginning and an end. The beginning is connected to the annular space 10 via an inlet opening 13 and the end opens outwards via an outlet pipe 14.

Im einfachsten Fall wird auf den Auslaßstutzen 9 verzichtet und das gesamte Gas stets über den Gasringkanal 11 abgezogen, wo eine Nachverbrennung stattfindet. In Weiterbildung dessen zeigt Fig. 2, daß das Auslaßrohr 14 des Gasringkanals und der Auslaßstutzen 9 in einer Umschalteinrichtung 15 nach Art eines Hosenrohres zu einem Abzugskanal 17 zusammengeführt sind, wobei eine Drehklappe 16 entweder das Auslaßrohr 14 oder den Auslaßstutzen 9 sperrt, so daß der Gasringkanal 11 nach Bedarf eingeschaltet werden kann oder nicht. Außerdem vermag die Drehklappe 16 eine Mittelstellung einzunehmen, wodurch die beiden Gasströme nach Wunsch gemischt werden können.

1
Behälter
2
Drehrost
3
Düsenring
4
wulstartiger Abschnitt
5
Ringmantelabschnitt
6
Ansaugluftkanal
7
Ansaugluftstutzen
8
Düse
9
Auslaßstutzen
10
Ringraum
11
Gasringkanal
12
Querwand
13
Einlaßöffnung
14
Auslaßrohr
15
Umschalteinrichtung
16
Drehklappe
17
Abzugskanal
In the simplest case, the outlet connection 9 is dispensed with and the entire gas is always drawn off via the gas ring channel 11, where afterburning takes place. In a further development of this, Fig. 2 shows that the outlet pipe 14 of the gas ring channel and the outlet port 9 are brought together in a switching device 15 in the manner of a downpipe to form a discharge channel 17, with a rotary flap 16 blocking either the outlet pipe 14 or the outlet port 9, so that the Gas ring channel 11 can be switched on or not as required. In addition, the rotary flap 16 can assume a central position, as a result of which the two gas flows can be mixed as desired.
1
container
2nd
Rotary grate
3rd
Nozzle ring
4th
bulging section
5
Ring jacket section
6
Intake air duct
7
Intake air connector
8th
jet
9
Exhaust port
10th
Annulus
11
Gas ring channel
12th
Transverse wall
13
Inlet opening
14
Outlet pipe
15
Switching device
16
Rotary flap
17th
Culvert

Claims (3)

Holzgaserzeuger mit einem im Gaserzeuger-Unterteil angeordneten Düsenring, der mit seinem oberen wulstartigen Abschnitt den Vergasungsraum horizontal einschnürt und unten eine frei nach unten abstehenden Ringmantelabschnitt aufweist, der mit der Vergasungsraum-Außenwand einen Ringraum bildet, aus dem das Gas abgezogen wird, wobei die Ansaugluft oberhalb des Düsenrings zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Düsenring (3) ein nahezu 360° umlaufender Gasringkanal (11) vorgesehen ist, der am Anfang über eine Einlaßöffnung (13) mit dem Ringraum (10) in Verbindung steht und dessen Auslaßöffnung (14) nach außen in einen Abzugskanal (17) mündet.Wood gas generator with a nozzle ring arranged in the lower part of the gas generator, which constricts the gasification chamber horizontally with its upper bead-like section and has a ring jacket section which projects freely downwards at the bottom and which forms an annular chamber with the gasification chamber outer wall from which the gas is drawn off, the intake air is supplied above the nozzle ring, characterized in that an almost 360 ° circumferential gas ring channel (11) is provided in the nozzle ring (3), which is initially connected to the annular space (10) via an inlet opening (13) and whose outlet opening ( 14) opens out into a drain channel (17). Holzgaserzeuger nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Umschalteinrichtung (15) vorgesehen ist, mit der sich wahlweise die Auslaßöffnung (14) des Gasringkanals schließen und eine unmittelbare Auslaßöffnung (9) des Ringraumes öffnen und mit dem Abzugskanal (17) verbinden läßt und umgekehrt.Wood gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that a switchover device (15) is provided with which the outlet opening (14) of the gas ring channel can optionally be closed and an immediate outlet opening (9) of the annular space can be opened and connected to the exhaust channel (17) and vice versa . Holzgaserzeuger nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beide Gaswege mit wahlweise unterschiedlichen Strömungsquerschnitten betrieben und die Gasströme gemischt werden können.Wood gas generator according to claim 2, characterized in that both gas paths can be operated with optionally different flow cross sections and the gas streams can be mixed.
EP95111130A 1994-07-22 1995-07-15 Wood gas producer Expired - Lifetime EP0693545B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9411856U 1994-07-22
DE9411856U DE9411856U1 (en) 1994-07-22 1994-07-22 Wood gas generator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0693545A1 true EP0693545A1 (en) 1996-01-24
EP0693545B1 EP0693545B1 (en) 2000-01-12

Family

ID=6911466

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95111130A Expired - Lifetime EP0693545B1 (en) 1994-07-22 1995-07-15 Wood gas producer

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0693545B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE188727T1 (en)
DE (2) DE9411856U1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202009012833U1 (en) 2009-08-07 2010-01-21 Sailer, Walter, Dipl.-Ing. Device for the gasification of solid fuels
AT506919B1 (en) * 2008-01-18 2012-04-15 Walter Dipl Ing Sailer METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GASIFICATION OF SOLID FUELS
US8202330B2 (en) 2007-05-25 2012-06-19 Gasek Oy Method for gasifying solid fuel and concurrent gasifier

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009042104B4 (en) * 2009-09-21 2011-12-29 Bernhard Werner Wood gas boilers

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE490657C (en) * 1926-08-13 1930-01-31 Sarl Soc D Applic Du Gaz Aux M Gas generator, in particular with reverse pulling direction
FR867730A (en) * 1940-07-16 1941-11-25 Gasifier producing simultaneously or separately lean and rich gas
GB575048A (en) * 1943-06-01 1946-01-31 George Stewart Roland Hamilton Improvements relating to producer gas apparatus
FR981252A (en) * 1943-03-23 1951-05-24 Improvements made to devices such as gazogenes
EP0119183A2 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-19 Willy Evrard Gas producers

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE490657C (en) * 1926-08-13 1930-01-31 Sarl Soc D Applic Du Gaz Aux M Gas generator, in particular with reverse pulling direction
FR867730A (en) * 1940-07-16 1941-11-25 Gasifier producing simultaneously or separately lean and rich gas
FR981252A (en) * 1943-03-23 1951-05-24 Improvements made to devices such as gazogenes
GB575048A (en) * 1943-06-01 1946-01-31 George Stewart Roland Hamilton Improvements relating to producer gas apparatus
EP0119183A2 (en) * 1983-03-09 1984-09-19 Willy Evrard Gas producers

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8202330B2 (en) 2007-05-25 2012-06-19 Gasek Oy Method for gasifying solid fuel and concurrent gasifier
AT506919B1 (en) * 2008-01-18 2012-04-15 Walter Dipl Ing Sailer METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GASIFICATION OF SOLID FUELS
DE202009012833U1 (en) 2009-08-07 2010-01-21 Sailer, Walter, Dipl.-Ing. Device for the gasification of solid fuels
EP2281864A1 (en) 2009-08-07 2011-02-09 Walter Sailer Method for gasifying solid fuels

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE9411856U1 (en) 1994-09-22
EP0693545B1 (en) 2000-01-12
ATE188727T1 (en) 2000-01-15
DE59507594D1 (en) 2000-02-17

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