EP0688609A1 - Manually actuated precompression pump for spraying a liquid and dispensing assembly comprising such a pump - Google Patents

Manually actuated precompression pump for spraying a liquid and dispensing assembly comprising such a pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0688609A1
EP0688609A1 EP95401226A EP95401226A EP0688609A1 EP 0688609 A1 EP0688609 A1 EP 0688609A1 EP 95401226 A EP95401226 A EP 95401226A EP 95401226 A EP95401226 A EP 95401226A EP 0688609 A1 EP0688609 A1 EP 0688609A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
precompression
pump
chamber
piston
communication
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95401226A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0688609B1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Renault
Giuseppe Dalsant
Adalberto Geier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOreal SA
Original Assignee
LOreal SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0688609A1 publication Critical patent/EP0688609A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0688609B1 publication Critical patent/EP0688609B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0037—Containers
    • B05B11/0039—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means
    • B05B11/0044—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means compensating underpressure by ingress of atmospheric air into the container, i.e. with venting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1001—Piston pumps
    • B05B11/1016—Piston pumps the outlet valve having a valve seat located downstream a movable valve element controlled by a pressure actuated controlling element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1001—Piston pumps
    • B05B11/1009—Piston pumps actuated by a lever
    • B05B11/1011—Piston pumps actuated by a lever without substantial movement of the nozzle in the direction of the pressure stroke
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1038—Pressure accumulation pumps, i.e. pumps comprising a pressure accumulation chamber
    • B05B11/104—Pressure accumulation pumps, i.e. pumps comprising a pressure accumulation chamber the outlet valve being opened by pressure after a defined accumulation stroke
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1061—Pump priming means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0062—Outlet valves actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a precompression pump for spraying under pressure a liquid, and in particular a cosmetic product such as a hair spray.
  • the invention aims, in particular, to provide a pump of this kind, manually operable and compact, so that it can be housed in the cover of a liquid dispenser cover.
  • Document EP-A 0 437 131 discloses, in the name of the applicant, a manual precompression pump, comprising, inter alia, a liquid pumping chamber in communication with a precompression chamber, a spray nozzle connected by a distribution channel to the precompression chamber, and a supply channel provided with a non-return valve opening into the pumping chamber.
  • the precompression pump of the kind described in EP-A 0 437 131 deserves to be improved from the point of view of spraying precision, since the actuation of this pump is carried out by pressing a button. pusher which at the same time includes the spray nozzle. As a result, the location where the spray is to be applied is difficult to target.
  • this known pump is difficult to assemble.
  • all the constituent parts of this pump are aligned on the same axis of symmetry, its bulk in the axial direction is relatively large, which prohibits its use in many embodiments employing a covering hood.
  • This pump has the drawback of containing a high number of constituents. In addition, it is difficult to assemble industrially. The cost price of such a pump is therefore relatively high.
  • the connection between the pumping chamber and the precompression chamber is constituted by a relatively long conduit, having several angles. As a result, there is a pressure drop in the liquid pressure during dispensing, resulting in poor spray quality;
  • a one-way valve is provided in this conduit, which further increases the pressure drop, thus requiring considerable effort for the user to actuate this pump.
  • this pump has a large size; therefore its use cannot be envisaged for all needs, in particular for the distribution of liquids contained in containers of small capacity.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of the prior art, by providing the user with a dispensing assembly for a liquid of simple construction, the dispensing head of which is fixed and which includes a precompression pump, small footprint and a reduced number of parts, and therefore, from an industrial point of view, is easy to assemble.
  • the pressure drop has been minimized compared to the pumps according to EP-A 0 437 131 and FR-A-2 634 825, so that the spraying quality is improved. This results in a reduction in the particle size of the liquid leaving the nozzle.
  • the present invention relates to a precompression pump for spraying a liquid under constant pressure, of the type described by FR-A-2 634 825 not comprising a valve between the pumping chamber and the compression chamber. It is characterized in that the precompression chamber is an extension of the pumping chamber, and that the liquid contained in the pumping chamber directly accesses the precompression chamber, upon actuation of the operating means.
  • a means can be provided causing the evacuation of the air inside the pump body, disposed between the first and the second pistons.
  • this means is a central pin arranged on the upper surface of the second piston, facing the pumping chamber; this pin is capable of coming to bear against the first piston, when the operating member is actuated, that is to say, when the volume of the pumping chamber is at a minimum.
  • a mechanical connection is established between the two pistons, the first pushing the second in a position such that the compressed air in the pump body can escape through the distribution channel.
  • the nozzle is fixed relative to the pump body.
  • This spray nozzle is provided with an oriented spray orifice, along an axis substantially orthogonal to the axis of symmetry which defines the precompression chamber.
  • the sliding means for placing in communication and for closing this pump consists, according to a first embodiment, by a first annular lip, integral with the second piston. In the pump rest position, this lip therefore closes the communication between the precompression chamber and the distribution channel.
  • the pump is actuated, by pushing the operating member against the first elastic return means, the pressure of the liquid which is inside the pump body will rise to a predetermined value and cause this communication, by pushing the precompression member against the second elastic return means. It is clear that the predetermined value of precompression depends on the force developed by this second elastic return means.
  • a means for bringing it to atmospheric pressure can be provided, constituted, for example, by an air intake orifice pierced in the wall of the pump body, opening into the lower part of the precompression chamber, this is ie in the part where the second elastic return means is arranged, in order to balance the pressure prevailing in the tank with the external pressure.
  • a sealing means can be arranged between the air intake orifice and the reservoir, closing this orifice during storage and capable of admitting a dose of air into the reservoir during the dispensing of a respective dose of liquid.
  • an orifice is provided between the precompression chamber and the tank.
  • this central orifice is extended by a cylindrical extension crossed by a capillary channel.
  • the capillary channel has the function of preventing the liquid from the reservoir from entering the lower part of the precompression chamber, on the side of the second return means. This arrangement is all the more useful if the liquid to be dispensed is a composition capable of drying or clogging the precompression piston, such as, for example, a hair spray or a paint.
  • this sealing means can be a second annular lip carried by the precompression piston which is arranged inside the precompression chamber. This second lip is placed at a level located between the first lip and the reservoir.
  • the precompression chamber is provided with at least one longitudinal rib, located in an area between the second sealing lip, when it is in the rest position, and a bottom, which separates the precompression chamber from the tank.
  • the second sealing lip of the precompression piston is spaced from the inner wall of the precompression chamber, and air coming from the air intake orifice can penetrate , via the orifice between the bottom of the precompression chamber and the tank, in order to replace with air, an equivalent volume of a dose of liquid dispensed.
  • the means for bringing it to atmospheric pressure may consist of a chimney carried by the precompression piston and extending the latter towards the reservoir and passing through a communication in the bottom of the precompression chamber.
  • the end of the chimney emerging in the tank is provided with a flared cylindrical rod, of a larger diameter than that of the communication.
  • this rod Under the thrust of the second return means on the precompression piston, in the rest position, this rod is able to close the communication between the tank and the lower part of the precompression chamber, on the side of the second return means.
  • the precompression piston will move towards the tank, and thus move the rod away from the walls of the communication, so that a passage is established between the air intake orifice and The reservoir.
  • the sliding means for placing in communication and for closing the pump can be constituted by a pin formed at one end of the second piston which is opposite the first piston. This pin is capable of closing off an extension of the distribution channel parallel to the axis defining the precompression chamber.
  • the first elastic return means housed in the pumping chamber, consists of a helical spring, preferably made of metal.
  • the second elastic return means also consists of a metal helical spring.
  • the non-return valve which prevents the liquid accumulated in the pumping chamber from going back down into the tank, is preferably constituted by a spherical ball housed in a frustoconical portion of the supply channel. Via a dip tube this channel communicates with the liquid contained in a reservoir.
  • This pump can be used for spraying many liquids, such as, for example, a cosmetic composition, in particular a hair spray, a body deodorant, a dermatological lotion, or a pharmaceutical composition ...
  • the invention also relates to an assembly for dispensing a liquid, in the form of droplets, comprising the reservoir for the liquid to be dispensed, surmounted by a precompression pump conforming to the characteristics which have just been described.
  • a means of fixing the pump to the reservoir containing the liquid to be sprayed can be provided.
  • This fixing means comprises, for example, a disc-shaped element, extending radially to the pump body and comprising a peripheral part shaped as a cylindrical skirt, provided inside a snap-fitting bead, able to cooperate with an additional annular groove, produced on a neck with which the reservoir is provided.
  • the reservoir may, in addition, include a covering hood, fixed to the reservoir; this cover surrounding the pump mounted on this tank.
  • the operating member of the pump is actuated by means of a lever arm, articulated on a wall of the covering hood.
  • This arrangement allows the user to spray the liquid in good conditions, precisely, while making, upon actuation, a lower effort than that required for the pump of the prior art.
  • the pump 1 comprises a body 3, generally cylindrical, intended to be fixed to the neck 25 of the reservoir.
  • the fixing is carried out by a snap ring 16, consisting of a cylindrical skirt 16a, carrying inside an annular rib 16b, able to cooperate with the bead 26 of the neck.
  • the skirt 16a is connected to the periphery of a disc-shaped element 16d, itself extending radially from the pump body 3.
  • This disc-shaped element 16d comprises, on the side facing the reservoir, a sealing skirt 16c, applying in the orifice of the neck 25 of the reservoir 24.
  • the pump body 3 forms, at its end remote from the reservoir, a cylindrical pumping chamber 2 having a central axis X of revolution, chamber in which is housed a helical compression spring 9, generally metallic, which is in abutment against a first piston 7.
  • This piston 7 is connected to an operating member 6, cylindrical, having an emerging end 6a used for actuating the pump.
  • this piston 7 On the side facing the reservoir, this piston 7 has an extension 6b which is inserted inside the turns of the spring 9.
  • the piston 7 also has two annular sealing lips which apply against the internal wall of the body 3, lips of which a first 7a is turned on the side of the emerging end 6a, while the second 7b is turned in the opposite direction.
  • the assembly formed by the piston 7 and the maneuvering member 6 is held in place by a fixing cup 8, comprising an inner bead 8c, this bead cooperating with an annular bulge 3a with which the free end 3b is provided of the body 3.
  • the cup 8 comprises, on its side facing the reservoir, a cylindrical skirt 8a, serving for sliding guidance of the operating member 6.
  • the pump body 3 is connected in its central region to a cylindrical extension 17 of revolution about an axis Z substantially perpendicular to the central axis X, this extension constituting a distribution element.
  • the distribution element 17 has an annular recess 17a, which leads to a distribution channel 18 parallel to the axis Z, this channel leading to a precompression chamber 5 having an axis of revolution Y.
  • the axis Y is parallel to the X axis and orthogonal to the Z axis.
  • the annular recess 17a defines a central stud 19, on the end 19a of which is fixed a spray nozzle 20, provided with a central orifice 21.
  • the pumping chamber 2 On the side facing the reservoir, the pumping chamber 2 is extended by two cylindrical bores, of reduced diameter compared to the diameter of the pumping chamber 2, of which a first bore forms a supply channel 4, and whose second form the precompression chamber 5 which is delimited by a cylindrical wall 5b.
  • the supply channel 18 communicates with the precompression chamber 5.
  • the wall 5b of the precompression chamber In an area between the channel 18 and the snap ring, the wall 5b of the precompression chamber is provided with an air intake orifice 5a, the role of which will be explained below, during the description of the operation of the pump.
  • the bottom 5d has a cylindrical extension 23, crossed by a capillary channel 23a.
  • the cylindrical wall 5b is provided, inside the chamber 5, with one or more longitudinal ribs 5c (FIG. 1b), the role of which will be explained
  • the precompression chamber 5 comprises a precompression piston 10, of generally elongated cylindrical shape, capable of sliding in leaktight manner in this chamber, and which is provided with two annular projections, a first 10b comprising a sealing lip 10a, and a second 10g, provided with a sealing lip 10e, situated at a level lower than that of the lip 10a, relative to the reservoir 24. Furthermore, the two lips have a free edge which is directed on the same side, towards the pumping chamber 2.
  • the lip 10a constitutes a sliding means for placing in communication and for closing F, capable of closing the distribution channel 18, in the rest position, and of establishing communication, in the position of distribution of the liquid, between the chamber 5 and the channel 18.
  • the lip 10e constitutes a sealing means between the exterior and the reservoir.
  • the lower part 10c, facing the reservoir, of the precompression piston 10, is engaged in the turns of a second helical spring 11, constituting a second elastic return means, which has the function of pushing, in the rest position, the 'precompression member 10 in a position, where the sealing lip 10a is opposite the distribution channel 18, closing the latter.
  • the lip 10a In this closed position, the lip 10a is in abutment against an annular bead 22, carried by the wall of the junction zone between the precompression chamber 5 and the pumping chamber 2.
  • the spring 11 is in abutment against the annular projection 10g carried by the precompression piston.
  • the precompression member 10 on the side facing the pumping chamber 2, forms a plate 10f which carries a central pin 10d extending in the pumping chamber 2 and whose role will be explained below.
  • the supply channel 4 has an axis of symmetry W, and is connected, on its side opposite to the pumping chamber 2, to a conical restriction zone 4a, offering a passage 14 towards the liquid contained in the reservoir 24, via a dip tube 13.
  • the W axis is parallel to the X and Y axes, and orthogonal to the Z axis. It is interesting to note that the W, X, Y and Z axes lie in the same plane (that of Figure 1).
  • a ball 15 having a diameter intermediate between that of the supply channel and that of the restriction zone 4a.
  • This ball 15 serves as a liquid intake valve, preventing the liquid sucked into the pump body from going back down into the reservoir 24.
  • the operation of the precompression pump 1 according to the invention is as follows: at rest, the pump is in the position shown in FIG. 1, the body 3 containing air, and the liquid is in the reservoir 24.
  • the user must first prime the pump, that is to say fill the body 3 with liquid, this operation expelling air. For this, it must press once or twice on the operating member 6. During this operation, the air enclosed in the body 3 is compressed. In the low position, the surface 6b of the operating member 6 bears against the spike 10d of the second piston 10, from which it results in a descent of the latter, thus freeing the passage 18 through which the compressed air can escape.
  • the spring 9 causes the piston to rise 7.
  • a vacuum is created in the body 3, which also causes the opening of the non-return valve, that is to say a displacement of the ball 15, and the ascent of a certain amount of liquid in the body 3.
  • the depression of the piston 7 causes a rapid increase in pressure in the body 3.
  • the precompression member 10 moves, the lip 10a thus freeing the distribution channel 18.
  • This channel brings the liquid into the annular recess 17a which is in communication with the spray orifice 21, where occurs, thanks to the short distance to be traveled in the distribution channel 18, a spraying of the good quality liquid.
  • a vacuum is installed in the reservoir 24.
  • the orifice 5a opening to the outside can be put in communication with the reservoir 24 via the precompression chamber and the capillary channel 23a.
  • the rest position which corresponds to the high position of the precompression piston 10
  • no communication is possible, that is to say that the precompression chamber 5 does not communicate with the distribution channel 18, due to the presence of the lip 10a, and the air intake orifice 5c does not communicate with the reservoir 24, because the lip 10e seals.
  • the precompression piston 10 descends following actuation of the operating member 6, the lip 10e slides in an area where the ribs 5c are arranged. These ribs then cause the rupture of the seal between the lip 10e and the interior wall of the chamber 5, and the air coming from the orifice 5a can penetrate into the reservoir 24, thus putting it at atmospheric pressure.
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a second embodiment of a precompression pump according to the invention.
  • the constituent parts bear the reference numbers of parts which are analogous or play a role similar to those of FIG. 1, increased by 100.
  • the description of the provisions identical to those of FIG. 1 will not be repeated.
  • the pump body 103 does not include any means for setting atmospheric pressure, but it is possible to use a means similar to those described with reference to FIGS. 1, 4 and 5.
  • the precompression member comprises a piston 110, the end 110b of which faces towards the pumping chamber 102, carries a shutter pin 110a which closes, in the rest position, an orifice 118c, formed in an extension angled 118b of the distribution channel 118.
  • the piston 110 is mounted on a spring 111 which ensures, in the rest position, the closing of the communication and closing means F.
  • the positioning of the spring 111 is ensured by a capsule 127 slammed at the bottom of the precompression chamber 105.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a partial section of a distribution assembly 200 according to the invention, equipped with a precompression pump 201, according to the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • the component parts of this assembly when they are identical to those of FIG. 1 bear the same reference numbers, increased by 200.
  • a precompression pump 201 mounted by snap-fastening on the neck of a tank 224.
  • a covering hood 233 On a peripheral projection 232 of the tank there is fixed, for example by breakdown, a covering hood 233, surrounding the pump 201.
  • This covering hood 233 has a front face 234, in which a hole 229 has been cut, through which the liquid spray cone can pass, during the distribution of the liquid.
  • the front face 234 of the cover 233 also includes an elastic bending zone 231, for example a film hinge, to which a lever arm 230 is connected.
  • This lever arm is provided with a support zone 228 of rounded shape, intended to cooperate with the operating member 206 of the pump 201.
  • the use of the assembly 200 is as follows: when the user presses the lever 230, in the direction of the arrow A, the depression of the latter causes the maneuvering member 206 to descend and at the same time the descent of the piston 210 in the direction of the reservoir 224. Then, access to the distribution channel 218 is released and good quality spraying can be carried out, with a minimum of effort for the user.
  • FIG. 4a and 4b there is shown, in enlarged partial section, a precompression chamber 305, equipped with a precompression piston 310, according to a second alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • the constituent parts of this embodiment when identical to those of FIG. 1 or playing a similar role, bear the same reference numbers, increased by 300.
  • the means for bringing it to atmospheric pressure consists of a chimney 310c carried by the precompression piston 310 and extending the latter towards the tank; this chimney crosses a cylindrical passage (or communication) 323a formed in the bottom 305d of the precompression chamber 305.
  • the chimney 310c has a smaller diameter than the precompression piston 310 thus defining an annular space to allow air intake.
  • the diameter of this chimney is also smaller than that of the cylindrical passage 323a.
  • the end of the chimney, emerging in the tank, is provided with a flared cylindrical rod 310h with a larger diameter than that of the cylindrical passage 323a.
  • the free end of the passage 323a comprises an orifice 323 of shape complementary to the rod 310h and able to cooperate with the latter; these two parts form a valve. Under the thrust of the second spring 311 on the precompression piston, in the rest position, this rod therefore closes the communication between the tank and the precompression chamber 305.
  • the precompression piston 310 moves in the direction of the reservoir, and thus removes the rod 310h from the cylindrical passage 323a, so that communication is established between the air intake orifice 305a and the tank.
  • a longitudinal groove 323b has been dug in the wall of the communication 323. The operation of this device is similar to that described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 and 5a there is shown in enlarged partial section, a precompression chamber 405, equipped with a precompression piston 410, according to a third alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • the constituent parts of this embodiment when they are identical to those of FIG. 1 or playing a similar role, bear the same reference numbers, increased by 400.
  • the precompression chamber 405 delimited by a cylindrical wall 405b and a bottom 405d, itself provided with an orifice 423.
  • the piston precompression pressing against an annular bead 422, under the action of a return spring 411 provided between the piston 410 and the bottom 405d.
  • the wall 405b has a distribution channel 418, and an air intake orifice 405a which opens to the outside.
  • the precompression piston has two sealing lips, the first 410a, facing the pumping chamber 402, closes the channel 418 in the rest position, and the second lip 410e, facing the reservoir, plugs the orifice of air intake 405a, when the pump is at rest.
  • the chamber 405 is provided with one or more longitudinal ribs 405c.

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  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
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Abstract

The pump (1) consists of a cylindrical housing (3) containing a pumping chamber (2) with an inner piston (7) linked to an actuator (6) and equipped with a return spring (9). It also has a precompression chamber (5) with a second piston (10) and return spring (11), a feed channel (4) and a dispensing nozzle (17) with a jet (20). The precompression chamber is situated in an extension of the pumping chamber so that the liquid inside the pumping chamber passes directly into the precompression chamber when the actuator is operated. The nozzle jet is fixed relative to the body of the pump and has an outlet aperture (21) situated on an axis (Z) which is orthogonal to the axis (X) of the pump housing.

Description

L'invention est relative à une pompe à précompression pour la pulvérisation sous pression d'un liquide, et notamment d'un produit cosmétique tel qu'une laque capillaire. L'invention vise, notamment, à fournir une pompe de ce genre, actionnable manuellement et d'encombrement réduit, de sorte qu'elle puisse être logée dans le capot d'habillage d'un distributeur de liquide.The invention relates to a precompression pump for spraying under pressure a liquid, and in particular a cosmetic product such as a hair spray. The invention aims, in particular, to provide a pump of this kind, manually operable and compact, so that it can be housed in the cover of a liquid dispenser cover.

On sait que la précompression d'un liquide contenu dans le corps d'une pompe est destinée à assurer une bonne qualité de pulvérisation, quel que soit le mode d'actionnement de la pompe, et on cherche donc à obtenir un taux de précompression suffisant. En plus, pour conserver à la précompression toute son efficacité, il convient que la perte de charge, lors de l'écoulement du liquide de la chambre de pompage vers la buse de pulvérisation, soit aussi faible que possible.It is known that the precompression of a liquid contained in the body of a pump is intended to ensure a good quality of spraying, whatever the mode of actuation of the pump, and it is therefore sought to obtain a sufficient precompression rate . In addition, in order to maintain all its effectiveness in precompression, the pressure drop, during the flow of the liquid from the pumping chamber to the spray nozzle, should be as low as possible.

On connaît, par le document EP-A 0 437 131, au nom de la demanderesse, une pompe manuelle à précompression, comportant, entre autre, une chambre de pompage du liquide en communication avec une chambre de précompression, une buse de pulvérisation reliée par un canal de distribution à la chambre de précompression, et un canal d'alimentation muni d'un clapet anti-retour débouchant dans la chambre de pompage.Document EP-A 0 437 131 discloses, in the name of the applicant, a manual precompression pump, comprising, inter alia, a liquid pumping chamber in communication with a precompression chamber, a spray nozzle connected by a distribution channel to the precompression chamber, and a supply channel provided with a non-return valve opening into the pumping chamber.

La pompe à précompression du genre de celle décrite dans EP-A 0 437 131, mérite d'être améliorée du point de vue de la précision de pulvérisation, du fait que l'actionnement de cette pompe s'effectue en appuyant sur un bouton-poussoir qui comporte en même temps la buse de pulvérisation. En conséquence, l'endroit où la pulvérisation doit être appliquée, est difficile à cibler.The precompression pump of the kind described in EP-A 0 437 131 deserves to be improved from the point of view of spraying precision, since the actuation of this pump is carried out by pressing a button. pusher which at the same time includes the spray nozzle. As a result, the location where the spray is to be applied is difficult to target.

De plus, de par sa construction, cette pompe connue est difficile à assembler. En effet, étant donné que toutes les pièces constitutives de cette pompe sont alignées sur un même axe de symétrie, son encombrement dans le sens axial est relativement important, ce qui interdit son utilisation dans de nombreuses réalisations employant un capot d'habillage.In addition, by its construction, this known pump is difficult to assemble. In fact, since all the constituent parts of this pump are aligned on the same axis of symmetry, its bulk in the axial direction is relatively large, which prohibits its use in many embodiments employing a covering hood.

Par ailleurs, par le document FR-A-2 634 825 on connaît une pompe à précompression pour la pulvérisation sous pression d'un liquide, qui comprend,:

  • un corps cylindrique définissant une chambre de pompage cylindrique ayant un axe de révolution et dans laquelle est logé un premier piston, ou piston d'actionnement, associé à un organe de manoeuvre, ce piston étant en appui contre un premier moyen de rappel élastique disposé dans cette chambre ;
  • une chambre de précompression cylindrique ayant un axe de révolution et étant munie d'un second piston,. ou piston de précompression, en appui contre un deuxième moyen de rappel élastique, la chambre de précompression étant en communication avec la chambre de pompage;
  • un canal d'alimentation muni d'un clapet anti-retour, débouchant dans la chambre de pompage ;
  • un élément de distribution muni d'une buse de pulvérisation et d'un canal de distribution reliant la buse à la chambre de précompression, cette chambre de précompression comportant un moyen coulissant de mise en communication et de fermeture dudit canal de distribution, de sorte que la communication est interrompue en position de repos de la pompe et que cette communication est établie à la fin de la précompression sous l'action de l'organe de manoeuvre, le moyen coulissant de mise en communication et de fermeture libérant alors un passage entre la chambre de précompression et le canal de distribution l'axe de la chambre de précompression étant décalé par rapport à l'axe de la chambre de pompage.
Furthermore, from document FR-A-2 634 825, a precompression pump is known for spraying a liquid under pressure, which comprises:
  • a cylindrical body defining a cylindrical pumping chamber having an axis of revolution and in which is housed a first piston, or actuating piston, associated with an operating member, this piston being in abutment against a first elastic return means disposed in this room ;
  • a cylindrical precompression chamber having an axis of revolution and being provided with a second piston ,. or precompression piston, pressing against a second elastic return means, the precompression chamber being in communication with the pumping chamber;
  • a supply channel provided with a non-return valve, opening into the pumping chamber;
  • a distribution element provided with a spray nozzle and a distribution channel connecting the nozzle to the precompression chamber, this precompression chamber comprising a sliding means for placing in communication and for closing said distribution channel, so that communication is interrupted in the pump's rest position and this communication is established at the end of precompression under the action of the operating member, the sliding means of communication and closing then freeing a passage between the precompression chamber and the distribution channel the axis of the precompression chamber being offset with respect to the axis of the pumping chamber.

Cette pompe présente l'inconvénient de contenir un nombre de constituants élevé. En outre, elle est difficile à assembler sur le plan industriel. Le prix de revient d'une telle pompe est donc relativement élevé. De plus, la liaison entre la chambre de pompage et la chambre de précompression est constitué par un conduit relativement long, présentant plusieurs angles. De ce fait, il se produit une perte de charge de la pression du liquide lors de la distribution, d'où il résulte une mauvaise qualité de pulvérisation ; Au surplus, un clapet unidirectionnel est prévu dans ce conduit, ce qui augmente encore la perte de charge de la pression, nécessitant ainsi un effort considérable pour l'utilisateur pour actionner cette pompe. Enfin, cette pompe présente un encombrement important ; de ce fait son utilisation ne peut pas être envisagé pour tous les besoins, notamment pour la distribution de liquides contenus dans des récipients de faible contenance.This pump has the drawback of containing a high number of constituents. In addition, it is difficult to assemble industrially. The cost price of such a pump is therefore relatively high. In addition, the connection between the pumping chamber and the precompression chamber is constituted by a relatively long conduit, having several angles. As a result, there is a pressure drop in the liquid pressure during dispensing, resulting in poor spray quality; In addition, a one-way valve is provided in this conduit, which further increases the pressure drop, thus requiring considerable effort for the user to actuate this pump. Finally, this pump has a large size; therefore its use cannot be envisaged for all needs, in particular for the distribution of liquids contained in containers of small capacity.

La présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur, en mettant à la disposition de l'utilisateur un ensemble de distribution d'un liquide de construction simple, dont la tête de distribution est fixe et qui comporte une pompe à précompression, d'encombrement faible et d'un nombre de pièces réduit, et qui en conséquence, du point de vue industriel, est facile à assembler. En outre, la perte de charge a été minimisée par rapport aux pompes selon EP-A 0 437 131 et FR-A-2 634 825, de sorte que la qualité de pulvérisation est améliorée. Il en résulte une diminution de la granulométrie du liquide sortant de la buse.The present invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of the prior art, by providing the user with a dispensing assembly for a liquid of simple construction, the dispensing head of which is fixed and which includes a precompression pump, small footprint and a reduced number of parts, and therefore, from an industrial point of view, is easy to assemble. In addition, the pressure drop has been minimized compared to the pumps according to EP-A 0 437 131 and FR-A-2 634 825, so that the spraying quality is improved. This results in a reduction in the particle size of the liquid leaving the nozzle.

De façon plus précise, la présente invention, se rapporte à une pompe à précompression pour la pulvérisation sous pression constante d'un liquide, du genre de celle décrit par FR-A-2 634 825 ne comprenant pas de clapet entre la chambre de pompage et la chambre de compression. Elle se caractérise en ce que la chambre de précompression est dans le prolongement de la chambre de pompage, et que le liquide contenu dans la chambre de pompage accède directement à la chambre de précompression, lors de l'actionnement du moyen de manoeuvre.More specifically, the present invention relates to a precompression pump for spraying a liquid under constant pressure, of the type described by FR-A-2 634 825 not comprising a valve between the pumping chamber and the compression chamber. It is characterized in that the precompression chamber is an extension of the pumping chamber, and that the liquid contained in the pumping chamber directly accesses the precompression chamber, upon actuation of the operating means.

Afin de faciliter l'amorçage de la pompe, avant la première utilisation, un moyen peut être prévu provoquant l'évacuation de l'air à l'intérieur du corps de pompe, disposé entre le premier et le second pistons. Avantageusement, ce moyen est un picot central ménagé sur la surface supérieure du second piston, tournée vers la chambre de pompage ; ce picot est apte à venir en appui contre le premier piston, lorsque l'organe de manoeuvre est actionné, c'est-à-dire, lorsque le volume de la chambre de pompage est au minimum. Lors de cet actionnement, une liaison mécanique est établie entre les deux pistons, le premier poussant le second dans une position telle que l'air comprimé dans la corps de pompe puisse s'échapper par le canal de distribution.In order to facilitate priming of the pump, before the first use, a means can be provided causing the evacuation of the air inside the pump body, disposed between the first and the second pistons. Advantageously, this means is a central pin arranged on the upper surface of the second piston, facing the pumping chamber; this pin is capable of coming to bear against the first piston, when the operating member is actuated, that is to say, when the volume of the pumping chamber is at a minimum. During this actuation, a mechanical connection is established between the two pistons, the first pushing the second in a position such that the compressed air in the pump body can escape through the distribution channel.

Selon une autre caractéristique intéressante de l'invention, la buse est fixe par rapport au corps de pompe. Cette buse de pulvérisation est munie d'un orifice de pulvérisation orienté, selon un axe sensiblement orthogonal à l'axe de symétrie qui définit la chambre de précompression.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the nozzle is fixed relative to the pump body. This spray nozzle is provided with an oriented spray orifice, along an axis substantially orthogonal to the axis of symmetry which defines the precompression chamber.

Avantageusement, le moyen coulissant de mise en communication et de fermeture de cette pompe est constitué, selon un premier mode de réalisation, par une première lèvre annulaire, solidaire du second piston. En position de repos de la pompe, cette lèvre ferme donc la communication entre la chambre de précompression et le canal de distribution. Lors de l'actionnement de la pompe, en enfonçant l'organe de manoeuvre à l'encontre du premier moyen de rappel élastique, la pression du liquide qui se trouve à l'intérieur du corps de la pompe, va monter jusqu'à une valeur prédéterminée et provoquer cette communication, en poussant l'organe de précompression à l'encontre du second moyen de rappel élastique. Il est clair que la valeur prédéterminée de précompression dépend de la force développée par ce second moyen de rappel élastique.Advantageously, the sliding means for placing in communication and for closing this pump consists, according to a first embodiment, by a first annular lip, integral with the second piston. In the pump rest position, this lip therefore closes the communication between the precompression chamber and the distribution channel. When the pump is actuated, by pushing the operating member against the first elastic return means, the pressure of the liquid which is inside the pump body will rise to a predetermined value and cause this communication, by pushing the precompression member against the second elastic return means. It is clear that the predetermined value of precompression depends on the force developed by this second elastic return means.

En outre, un moyen de mise à la pression atmosphérique peut être prévu, constitué, par exemple par un orifice de prise d'air percé dans la paroi du corps de pompe, débouchant dans la partie inférieure de la chambre de précompression, c'est-à-dire dans la partie où est disposé le second moyen de rappel élastique, afin d'équilibrer la pression régnant dans le réservoir avec la pression extérieure. Avantageusement, quand la pompe est au repos, cette mise à la pression atmosphérique est inopérante. A cet effet, un moyen d'étanchéité peut être disposé entre l'orifice de prise d'air et le réservoir, obturant cet orifice en période de stockage et apte à admettre une dose d'air dans le réservoir pendant la distribution d'une dose respective de liquide.In addition, a means for bringing it to atmospheric pressure can be provided, constituted, for example, by an air intake orifice pierced in the wall of the pump body, opening into the lower part of the precompression chamber, this is ie in the part where the second elastic return means is arranged, in order to balance the pressure prevailing in the tank with the external pressure. Advantageously, when the pump is at rest, this setting to atmospheric pressure is ineffective. For this purpose, a sealing means can be arranged between the air intake orifice and the reservoir, closing this orifice during storage and capable of admitting a dose of air into the reservoir during the dispensing of a respective dose of liquid.

Avantageusement, pour faciliter cette mise à la pression un orifice est prévu entre la chambre de précompression et le réservoir. De préférence, cet orifice central est prolongé par une extension cylindrique traversée par un canal capillaire.Advantageously, to facilitate this pressurization an orifice is provided between the precompression chamber and the tank. Preferably, this central orifice is extended by a cylindrical extension crossed by a capillary channel.

Il est intéressant de noter que le canal capillaire a pour fonction d'empêcher au liquide du réservoir de pénétrer dans la partie inférieure de la chambre de précompression, du côte du second moyen de rappel. Cette disposition est d'autant plus utile, que le liquide à distribuer est une composition susceptible de sécher ou de colmater le piston de précompression, telle que par exemple, une laque capillaire ou une peinture.It is interesting to note that the capillary channel has the function of preventing the liquid from the reservoir from entering the lower part of the precompression chamber, on the side of the second return means. This arrangement is all the more useful if the liquid to be dispensed is a composition capable of drying or clogging the precompression piston, such as, for example, a hair spray or a paint.

Selon une première variante de réalisation, ce moyen d'étanchéité peut être une deuxième lèvre annulaire portée par le piston de précompression qui est disposée à l'intérieur de la chambre de précompression. Cette deuxième lèvre est placée à un niveau situé entre la première lèvre et le réservoir.According to a first alternative embodiment, this sealing means can be a second annular lip carried by the precompression piston which is arranged inside the precompression chamber. This second lip is placed at a level located between the first lip and the reservoir.

Selon un aspect intéressant de cette première variante, la chambre de précompression est munie d'au moins une nervure longitudinale, située dans une zone entre la seconde lèvre d'étanchéité, quand elle est en position de repos, et un fond, qui sépare la chambre de précompression du réservoir. Ainsi, lors de l'actionnement de la pompe, la seconde lèvre d'étanchéité du piston de précompression est écartée de la paroi intérieure de la chambre de précompression, et de l'air provenant de l'orifice de prise d'air peut pénétrer, via l'orifice entre le fond de la chambre de précompression et le réservoir, afin de remplacer par de l'air, un volume équivalent d'une dose de liquide distribuée.According to an interesting aspect of this first variant, the precompression chamber is provided with at least one longitudinal rib, located in an area between the second sealing lip, when it is in the rest position, and a bottom, which separates the precompression chamber from the tank. Thus, when the pump is actuated, the second sealing lip of the precompression piston is spaced from the inner wall of the precompression chamber, and air coming from the air intake orifice can penetrate , via the orifice between the bottom of the precompression chamber and the tank, in order to replace with air, an equivalent volume of a dose of liquid dispensed.

Selon une deuxième variante de réalisation de l'invention, le moyen de mise à la pression atmosphérique peut être constitué par une cheminée portée par le piston de précompression et prolongeant celui-ci en direction du réservoir et traversant une communication pratiquée dans le fond de la chambre de précompression. De préférence, I'extrémité de la cheminée émergeant dans le réservoir est muni d'un jonc cylindrique évasé, d'un diamètre plus important que celui de la communication. Sous la poussée du second moyen de rappel sur le piston de précompression, en position de repos, ce jonc est apte à fermer la communication entre le réservoir et la partie inférieure de la chambre de précompression, du côté du second moyen de rappel. Lors de l'actionnement de la pompe, le piston de précompression va se déplacer en direction du réservoir, et ainsi éloigner le jonc des parois de la communication, de sorte qu'un passage soit établi entre l'orifice de prise d'air et le réservoir.According to a second alternative embodiment of the invention, the means for bringing it to atmospheric pressure may consist of a chimney carried by the precompression piston and extending the latter towards the reservoir and passing through a communication in the bottom of the precompression chamber. Preferably, the end of the chimney emerging in the tank is provided with a flared cylindrical rod, of a larger diameter than that of the communication. Under the thrust of the second return means on the precompression piston, in the rest position, this rod is able to close the communication between the tank and the lower part of the precompression chamber, on the side of the second return means. When the pump is actuated, the precompression piston will move towards the tank, and thus move the rod away from the walls of the communication, so that a passage is established between the air intake orifice and The reservoir.

Selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, le moyen coulissant de mise en communication et de fermeture de la pompe peut être constitué par un picot formé à une extrémité du second piston qui est en regard du premier piston. Ce picot est capable d'obturer une extension du canal de distribution parallèle à l'axe définissant la chambre de précompression.According to a second embodiment of the invention, the sliding means for placing in communication and for closing the pump can be constituted by a pin formed at one end of the second piston which is opposite the first piston. This pin is capable of closing off an extension of the distribution channel parallel to the axis defining the precompression chamber.

Avantageusement, le premier moyen de rappel élastique, logé dans la chambre de pompage, est constitué par un ressort hélicoïdal, de préférence en métal. Le second moyen de rappel élastique est constitué, également par un ressort hélicoïdal métallique. Comme expliqué précédemment, en choisissant un ressort plus ou moins dur, on peut influencer la force nécessaire pour déclencher la distribution du liquide.Advantageously, the first elastic return means, housed in the pumping chamber, consists of a helical spring, preferably made of metal. The second elastic return means also consists of a metal helical spring. As explained above, by choosing a more or less hard spring, we can influence the force necessary to trigger the distribution of the liquid.

Le clapet anti-retour, qui empêche le liquide accumulé dans la chambre de pompage de redescendre dans le réservoir, est constitué, de préférence, par une bille sphérique logée dans une portion tronconique du canal d'alimentation. Par l'intermédiaire d'un tube plongeur ce canal communique avec le liquide contenu dans un réservoir.The non-return valve, which prevents the liquid accumulated in the pumping chamber from going back down into the tank, is preferably constituted by a spherical ball housed in a frustoconical portion of the supply channel. Via a dip tube this channel communicates with the liquid contained in a reservoir.

Cette pompe est utilisable pour la pulvérisation de nombreux liquides, tels que, par exemple une composition cosmétique, notamment une laque capillaire, un déodorant corporel, une lotion dermatologique, ou une composition pharmaceutique.....This pump can be used for spraying many liquids, such as, for example, a cosmetic composition, in particular a hair spray, a body deodorant, a dermatological lotion, or a pharmaceutical composition .....

L'invention se rapporte également à un ensemble de distribution d'un liquide, sous forme de gouttelettes, comportant le réservoir pour le liquide à distribuer, surmonté d'une pompe à précompression conforme aux caractéristiques qui viennent d'être décrites.The invention also relates to an assembly for dispensing a liquid, in the form of droplets, comprising the reservoir for the liquid to be dispensed, surmounted by a precompression pump conforming to the characteristics which have just been described.

Un moyen de fixation de la pompe sur le réservoir contenant le liquide à pulvériser, peut être prévu. Ce moyen de fixation comporte, par exemple, un élément en forme de disque, s'étendant radialement au corps de pompe et comportant une partie périphérique conformée en une jupe cylindrique, munie à l'intérieur d'un bourrelet de claquage, apte à coopérer avec une gorge annulaire complémentaire, réalisée sur un goulot dont est muni le réservoir. Le réservoir peut, en outre, comporter un capot d'habillage, fixé sur le réservoir; ce capot entourant la pompe montée sur ce réservoir.A means of fixing the pump to the reservoir containing the liquid to be sprayed can be provided. This fixing means comprises, for example, a disc-shaped element, extending radially to the pump body and comprising a peripheral part shaped as a cylindrical skirt, provided inside a snap-fitting bead, able to cooperate with an additional annular groove, produced on a neck with which the reservoir is provided. The reservoir may, in addition, include a covering hood, fixed to the reservoir; this cover surrounding the pump mounted on this tank.

Selon un mode préféré d'exécution de la présente invention, l'organe de manoeuvre de la pompe est actionné par l'intermédiaire d'un bras de levier, articulé sur une paroi du capot d'habillage. Cette disposition permet à l'utilisateur d'effectuer la pulvérisation du liquide dans de bonnes conditions, de façon précise, tout en faisant, lors de l'actionnement, un effort plus faible que celui nécessaire pour la pompe de l'art antérieur.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operating member of the pump is actuated by means of a lever arm, articulated on a wall of the covering hood. This arrangement allows the user to spray the liquid in good conditions, precisely, while making, upon actuation, a lower effort than that required for the pump of the prior art.

On va décrire maintenant, à titre purement illustratif et non limitatif trois modes de réalisation de la présente invention, en référence aux dessins annexés.

  • La figure 1 est une coupe axiale d'une pompe à précompression, selon une première variante d'un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, la pompe étant en cours d'actionnement;
  • La figure 1a est une vue agrandie en coupe axiale de la figure 1 montrant la chambre de précompression en position de repos de la pompe ;
  • La figure 1b est une coupe partielle selon la ligne lb-lb de la figure 1a ;
  • La figure 2 est une coupe axiale d'une pompe à précompression, selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • La figure 3 montre, en coupe longitudinale partielle, un ensemble de distribution selon l'invention, équipé d'une pompe conforme à la figure 1, en position de repos ;
  • La figure 4 montre, en coupe agrandie, une deuxième variante du premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • La figure 4a est une coupe selon la ligne IVa-IVa de la figure 4 ;
  • La figure 4b est une vue agrandie de la loupe A de la figure 4 ;
  • La figure 5 montre, en coupe agrandie, une troisième variante du premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • La figure 5a est une coupe selon la ligne Va-Va de la figure 5.
We will now describe, purely by way of non-limiting illustration, three embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • Figure 1 is an axial section of a precompression pump, according to a first variant of a first embodiment of the invention, the pump being actuated;
  • Figure 1a is an enlarged view in axial section of Figure 1 showing the precompression chamber in the pump rest position;
  • Figure 1b is a partial section along the line lb-lb of Figure 1a;
  • Figure 2 is an axial section of a precompression pump, according to a second embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 3 shows, in partial longitudinal section, a dispensing assembly according to the invention, equipped with a pump according to Figure 1, in the rest position;
  • Figure 4 shows, in enlarged section, a second variant of the first embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 4a is a section along the line IVa-IVa of Figure 4;
  • Figure 4b is an enlarged view of the magnifying glass A of Figure 4;
  • Figure 5 shows, in enlarged section, a third variant of the first embodiment of the invention;
  • FIG. 5a is a section along the line Va-Va of FIG. 5.

En se reportant aux dessins, notamment aux figures 1 à 1b, on a représenté une pompe à précompression 1 pour la pulvérisation d'un liquide, tel qu'une laque capillaire, contenu dans un réservoir 24, surmonté d'un goulot cylindrique 25 muni d'un bourrelet de claquage extérieur 26.Referring to the drawings, in particular to Figures 1 to 1b, there is shown a precompression pump 1 for spraying a liquid, such as a hair spray, contained in a reservoir 24, surmounted by a cylindrical neck 25 provided an external snap bead 26.

La pompe 1 comprend un corps 3, généralement cylindrique, destiné à être fixé sur le goulot 25 du réservoir. La fixation est effectuée par une bague de claquage 16, constituée d'une jupe cylindrique 16a, portant à l'intérieur une nervure annulaire 16b, apte à coopérer avec le bourrelet 26 du goulot. La jupe 16a se raccorde à la périphérie d'un élément 16d en forme de disque, lui-même s'étendant radialement du corps 3 de pompe. Cet élément en forme de disque 16d comporte, du côté tourné vers le réservoir, une jupe d'étanchéité 16c, s'appliquant dans l'orifice du goulot 25 du réservoir 24.The pump 1 comprises a body 3, generally cylindrical, intended to be fixed to the neck 25 of the reservoir. The fixing is carried out by a snap ring 16, consisting of a cylindrical skirt 16a, carrying inside an annular rib 16b, able to cooperate with the bead 26 of the neck. The skirt 16a is connected to the periphery of a disc-shaped element 16d, itself extending radially from the pump body 3. This disc-shaped element 16d comprises, on the side facing the reservoir, a sealing skirt 16c, applying in the orifice of the neck 25 of the reservoir 24.

Le corps 3 de pompe forme, à son extrémité éloignée du réservoir, une chambre de pompage 2 cylindrique ayant un axe central X de révolution, chambre dans laquelle est logé un ressort de compression hélicoïdal 9, généralement métallique, qui est en appui contre un premier piston 7. Ce piston 7 est raccordé à un organe de manoeuvre 6, cylindrique, comportant une extrémité émergente 6a servant à l'actionnement de la pompe.The pump body 3 forms, at its end remote from the reservoir, a cylindrical pumping chamber 2 having a central axis X of revolution, chamber in which is housed a helical compression spring 9, generally metallic, which is in abutment against a first piston 7. This piston 7 is connected to an operating member 6, cylindrical, having an emerging end 6a used for actuating the pump.

Du coté tourné vers le réservoir, ce piston 7 comporte une extension 6b s'insérant à l'intérieur des spires du ressort 9. Le piston 7 comporte, en outre, deux lèvres annulaires d'étanchéité s'appliquant contre la paroi interne du corps 3, lèvres dont une première 7a est tournée du coté de l'extrémité émergente 6a, tandis que la seconde 7b est tournée dans le sens opposé.On the side facing the reservoir, this piston 7 has an extension 6b which is inserted inside the turns of the spring 9. The piston 7 also has two annular sealing lips which apply against the internal wall of the body 3, lips of which a first 7a is turned on the side of the emerging end 6a, while the second 7b is turned in the opposite direction.

L'ensemble formé par le piston 7 et l'organe de manoeuvre 6 est maintenu en place par une coupelle de fixation 8, comportant un bourrelet de claquage 8c intérieur, ce bourrelet coopérant avec un renflement annulaire 3a dont est munie l'extrémité libre 3b du corps 3. La coupelle 8 comporte, sur son côté tourné vers le réservoir, une jupe cylindrique 8a, servant au guidage à coulissement de l'organe de manoeuvre 6.The assembly formed by the piston 7 and the maneuvering member 6 is held in place by a fixing cup 8, comprising an inner bead 8c, this bead cooperating with an annular bulge 3a with which the free end 3b is provided of the body 3. The cup 8 comprises, on its side facing the reservoir, a cylindrical skirt 8a, serving for sliding guidance of the operating member 6.

Le corps de pompe 3 est raccordé dans sa zone médiane, à une extension cylindrique 17 de révolution autour d'un axe Z sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe central X, cette extension constituant un élément de distribution. L'élément de distribution 17 comporte un évidement annulaire 17a, qui conduit vers un canal de distribution 18 parallèle à l'axe Z, ce canal conduisant vers une chambre de précompression 5 ayant un axe de révolution Y. L'axe Y est parallèle à l'axe X et orthogonal à l'axe Z.The pump body 3 is connected in its central region to a cylindrical extension 17 of revolution about an axis Z substantially perpendicular to the central axis X, this extension constituting a distribution element. The distribution element 17 has an annular recess 17a, which leads to a distribution channel 18 parallel to the axis Z, this channel leading to a precompression chamber 5 having an axis of revolution Y. The axis Y is parallel to the X axis and orthogonal to the Z axis.

L'évidement annulaire 17a définit un plot central 19, sur l'extrémité 19a duquel est fixé une buse de pulvérisation 20, munie d'un orifice central 21.The annular recess 17a defines a central stud 19, on the end 19a of which is fixed a spray nozzle 20, provided with a central orifice 21.

Il est possible, bien entendu, de faire varier l'angle formé entre les axes X et Z, en choisissant un angle pouvant aller, par exemple d'environ 45° à environ 135°, en fonction de l'utilisation envisagée.It is possible, of course, to vary the angle formed between the axes X and Z, by choosing an angle which can range, for example from about 45 ° to about 135 °, depending on the intended use.

Du côté tourné vers le réservoir, la chambre de pompage 2 se prolonge par deux alésages cylindriques, de diamètre réduit par rapport au diamètre de la chambre de pompage 2, dont un premier alésage forme un canal d'alimentation 4, et dont le second forme la chambre de précompression 5 qui est délimitée par une paroi cylindrique 5b. Sensiblement au-dessus du niveau de la bague de claquage 16, le canal d'alimentation 18 communique avec la chambre de précompression 5. Dans une zone située entre le canal 18 et la bague de claquage, la paroi 5b de la chambre de précompression est munie d'un orifice de prise d'air 5a, dont le rôle sera expliqué plus loin, lors de la description du fonctionnement de la pompe. La chambre de précompression 5, de son côté tourné vers le réservoir 24, se termine par un fond 5d, qui est raccordé d'équerre à la paroi cylindrique 5b de la chambre 5. Le fond 5d comporte une extension cylindrique 23, traversée par un canal capillaire 23a. De plus, la paroi cylindrique 5b est munie, à l'intérieur de la chambre 5, d'une ou plusieurs nervures longitudinales 5c (figure 1b), dont le rôle sera expliqué plus loin.On the side facing the reservoir, the pumping chamber 2 is extended by two cylindrical bores, of reduced diameter compared to the diameter of the pumping chamber 2, of which a first bore forms a supply channel 4, and whose second form the precompression chamber 5 which is delimited by a cylindrical wall 5b. Significantly above the level of the snap ring 16, the supply channel 18 communicates with the precompression chamber 5. In an area between the channel 18 and the snap ring, the wall 5b of the precompression chamber is provided with an air intake orifice 5a, the role of which will be explained below, during the description of the operation of the pump. The precompression chamber 5, on its side facing the reservoir 24, ends with a bottom 5d, which is connected at right angles to the cylindrical wall 5b of the chamber 5. The bottom 5d has a cylindrical extension 23, crossed by a capillary channel 23a. In addition, the cylindrical wall 5b is provided, inside the chamber 5, with one or more longitudinal ribs 5c (FIG. 1b), the role of which will be explained below.

La chambre de précompression 5 comporte un piston de précompression 10, de forme générale cylindrique allongée, apte à coulisser de façon étanche dans cette chambre, et qui est doté de deux saillies annulaires, une première 10b comportant une lèvre d'étanchéité 10a, et une seconde 10g, munie d'une lèvre d'étanchéité 10e, située à un niveau inférieur à celui de la lèvre 10a, par rapport au réservoir 24. Par ailleurs, les deux lèvres ont un bord libre qui est dirigé du même côté, vers la chambre de pompage 2. La lèvre 10a constitue un moyen coulissant de mise en communication et de fermeture F, apte à obturer le canal de distribution 18, en position de repos, et à établir une communication, en position de distribution du liquide, entre la chambre 5 et le canal 18. La lèvre 10e constitue un moyen d'étanchéité entre l'extérieur et le réservoir.The precompression chamber 5 comprises a precompression piston 10, of generally elongated cylindrical shape, capable of sliding in leaktight manner in this chamber, and which is provided with two annular projections, a first 10b comprising a sealing lip 10a, and a second 10g, provided with a sealing lip 10e, situated at a level lower than that of the lip 10a, relative to the reservoir 24. Furthermore, the two lips have a free edge which is directed on the same side, towards the pumping chamber 2. The lip 10a constitutes a sliding means for placing in communication and for closing F, capable of closing the distribution channel 18, in the rest position, and of establishing communication, in the position of distribution of the liquid, between the chamber 5 and the channel 18. The lip 10e constitutes a sealing means between the exterior and the reservoir.

La partie inférieure 10c, tournée vers le réservoir, du piston de précompression 10, est engagée dans les spires d'un second ressort hélicoïdal 11, constituant un second moyen de rappel élastique, qui a comme fonction de pousser, en position de repos, l'organe de précompression 10 dans une position, où la lèvre d'étanchéité 10a se trouve en vis à vis du canal de distribution 18, en fermant celui-ci. Dans cette position de fermeture, la lèvre 10a est en butée contre une bourrelet annulaire 22, porté par la paroi de la zone de jonction entre la chambre de précompression 5 et la chambre de pompage 2. Le ressort 11 est en butée contre la saillie annulaire 10g portée par le piston de précompression.The lower part 10c, facing the reservoir, of the precompression piston 10, is engaged in the turns of a second helical spring 11, constituting a second elastic return means, which has the function of pushing, in the rest position, the 'precompression member 10 in a position, where the sealing lip 10a is opposite the distribution channel 18, closing the latter. In this closed position, the lip 10a is in abutment against an annular bead 22, carried by the wall of the junction zone between the precompression chamber 5 and the pumping chamber 2. The spring 11 is in abutment against the annular projection 10g carried by the precompression piston.

L'organe de précompression 10, du côté tourné vers la chambre de pompage 2, forme un plateau 10f qui porte un picot central 10d s'étendant dans la chambre de pompage 2 et dont le rôle sera expliqué plus loin.The precompression member 10, on the side facing the pumping chamber 2, forms a plate 10f which carries a central pin 10d extending in the pumping chamber 2 and whose role will be explained below.

Le canal d'alimentation 4 a un axe de symétrie W, et est raccordé, de son coté opposé à la chambre de pompage 2, à une zone de restriction conique 4a, offrant un passage 14 vers le liquide contenu dans le réservoir 24, via un tube plongeur 13.The supply channel 4 has an axis of symmetry W, and is connected, on its side opposite to the pumping chamber 2, to a conical restriction zone 4a, offering a passage 14 towards the liquid contained in the reservoir 24, via a dip tube 13.

L'axe W est parallèle aux axes X et Y, et orthogonal à l'axe Z. Il est intéressant de noter que les axes W, X, Y et Z se situent dans un même plan (celui de la figure 1).The W axis is parallel to the X and Y axes, and orthogonal to the Z axis. It is interesting to note that the W, X, Y and Z axes lie in the same plane (that of Figure 1).

Dans la zone de restriction 4a du canal d'alimentation 4 est logée une bille 15, ayant un diamètre intermédiaire entre celui du canal d'alimentation et celui de la zone de restriction 4a. Cette bille 15 sert de valve d'admission de liquide, empêchant le liquide aspiré dans le corps de pompe, de redescendre dans le réservoir 24.In the restriction zone 4a of the supply channel 4 is housed a ball 15, having a diameter intermediate between that of the supply channel and that of the restriction zone 4a. This ball 15 serves as a liquid intake valve, preventing the liquid sucked into the pump body from going back down into the reservoir 24.

Le fonctionnement de la pompe à précompression 1, selon l'invention, est le suivant : au repos, la pompe est dans la position représentée sur la figure 1, le corps 3 contenant de l'air, et le liquide se trouvent dans le réservoir 24.The operation of the precompression pump 1 according to the invention is as follows: at rest, the pump is in the position shown in FIG. 1, the body 3 containing air, and the liquid is in the reservoir 24.

L'utilisateur doit tout d'abord amorcer la pompe, c'est-à-dire assurer le remplissage du corps 3 en liquide, cette opération chassant l'air. Pour cela, il doit appuyer une ou deux fois sur l'organe de manoeuvre 6. Lors de cette opération, l'air enfermé dans le corps 3 est comprimé. En position basse, la surface 6b de l'organe de manoeuvre 6 vient en appui contre le picot 10d du second piston 10, d'où il résulte une descente de celui-ci, libérant ainsi le passage 18 par lequel l'air comprimé peut s'échapper.The user must first prime the pump, that is to say fill the body 3 with liquid, this operation expelling air. For this, it must press once or twice on the operating member 6. During this operation, the air enclosed in the body 3 is compressed. In the low position, the surface 6b of the operating member 6 bears against the spike 10d of the second piston 10, from which it results in a descent of the latter, thus freeing the passage 18 through which the compressed air can escape.

Lorsque l'utilisateur relâche sa poussée sur l'organe de manoeuvre 6, le ressort 9 provoque la remontée de piston 7. En conséquence, une dépression se crée dans le corps 3, ce qui provoque également l'ouverture du clapet anti-retour, c'est-à-dire un déplacement de la bille 15, et la remontée d'une certaine quantité de liquide dans le corps 3. A partir du moment, où le corps 3 est rempli de liquide, l'enfoncement du piston 7 provoque une montée rapide en pression dans le corps 3. Ensuite, l'organe de précompression 10 se déplace, la lèvre 10a libérant ainsi le canal de distribution 18. Ce canal amène le liquide dans l'évidement annulaire 17a qui est en communication avec l'orifice de pulvérisation 21, où se produit, grâce à la distance courte à parcourir dans le canal de distribution 18, une pulvérisation du liquide de bonne qualité.When the user releases his push on the operating member 6, the spring 9 causes the piston to rise 7. As a result, a vacuum is created in the body 3, which also causes the opening of the non-return valve, that is to say a displacement of the ball 15, and the ascent of a certain amount of liquid in the body 3. From the moment when the body 3 is filled with liquid, the depression of the piston 7 causes a rapid increase in pressure in the body 3. Next, the precompression member 10 moves, the lip 10a thus freeing the distribution channel 18. This channel brings the liquid into the annular recess 17a which is in communication with the spray orifice 21, where occurs, thanks to the short distance to be traveled in the distribution channel 18, a spraying of the good quality liquid.

Au fur et à mesure de la distribution du liquide, une dépression s'installe dans le réservoir 24. Pour pouvoir remplacer le volume de liquide distribué, par de l'air, l'orifice 5a débouchant à l'extérieur, peut être mis en communication avec le réservoir 24 via la chambre de précompression et le canal capillaire 23a. En position de repos qui correspond à la position haute du piston de précompression 10, aucune communication n'est possible, c'est à dire que la chambre de précompression 5 ne communique pas avec le canal de distribution 18, du fait de la présence de la lèvre 10a, et l'orifice de reprise d'air 5c ne communique pas avec le réservoir 24, car la lèvre 10e fait étanchéité. Lorsque le piston de précompression 10 descend suite à l'actionnement de l'organe de manoeuvre 6, la lèvre 10e coulisse dans une zone, où sont disposées les nervures 5c. Ces nervures provoquent alors la rupture de l'étanchéité entre la lèvre 10e et la paroi intérieure de la chambre 5, et l'air provenant de l'orifice 5a peut pénétrer dans le réservoir 24, le mettant ainsi à la pression atmosphérique.As the liquid is dispensed, a vacuum is installed in the reservoir 24. In order to be able to replace the volume of liquid dispensed, with air, the orifice 5a opening to the outside can be put in communication with the reservoir 24 via the precompression chamber and the capillary channel 23a. In the rest position which corresponds to the high position of the precompression piston 10, no communication is possible, that is to say that the precompression chamber 5 does not communicate with the distribution channel 18, due to the presence of the lip 10a, and the air intake orifice 5c does not communicate with the reservoir 24, because the lip 10e seals. When the precompression piston 10 descends following actuation of the operating member 6, the lip 10e slides in an area where the ribs 5c are arranged. These ribs then cause the rupture of the seal between the lip 10e and the interior wall of the chamber 5, and the air coming from the orifice 5a can penetrate into the reservoir 24, thus putting it at atmospheric pressure.

En se référant à la figure 2, on a représenté un second mode de réalisation d'une pompe à précompression selon l'invention. Sur cette figure, les pièces constitutives portent les numéros de référence des pièces analogues ou jouant un rôle similaire à celles de la figure 1, majorées de 100. La description des dispositions identiques à celles de la figure 1 ne seront pas reprises.Referring to Figure 2, there is shown a second embodiment of a precompression pump according to the invention. In this figure, the constituent parts bear the reference numbers of parts which are analogous or play a role similar to those of FIG. 1, increased by 100. The description of the provisions identical to those of FIG. 1 will not be repeated.

Dans la pompe 101 selon la figure 2, seul le moyen coulissant de mise en communication et de fermeture F est diffèrent, mais joue un rôle identique à celui décrit à la figure 1. Le corps de pompe 103 ne comporte pas de moyen de mise à la pression atmosphérique, mais il est possible d'utiliser un moyen analogue à ceux décrits en référence aux figures 1, 4 et 5.In the pump 101 according to FIG. 2, only the sliding means for placing in communication and for closing F is different, but plays a role identical to that described in FIG. 1. The pump body 103 does not include any means for setting atmospheric pressure, but it is possible to use a means similar to those described with reference to FIGS. 1, 4 and 5.

Ainsi, l'organe de précompression comporte un piston 110, dont l'extrémité 110b tournée en direction de la chambre de pompage 102, porte un picot d'obturation 110a qui ferme, en position de repos, un orifice 118c, formé dans une extension coudée 118b du canal de distribution 118. Le piston 110 est monté sur un ressort 111 qui assure, en position de repos, la fermeture des moyens de mise en communication et de fermeture F. La mise en place du ressort 111 est assurée par une capsule 127 claquée au fond de la chambre de précompression 105.Thus, the precompression member comprises a piston 110, the end 110b of which faces towards the pumping chamber 102, carries a shutter pin 110a which closes, in the rest position, an orifice 118c, formed in an extension angled 118b of the distribution channel 118. The piston 110 is mounted on a spring 111 which ensures, in the rest position, the closing of the communication and closing means F. The positioning of the spring 111 is ensured by a capsule 127 slammed at the bottom of the precompression chamber 105.

Sur la figure 3, on a représenté une coupe partielle d'un ensemble de distribution 200 selon l'invention, équipé d'une pompe à précompression 201, conforme à la réalisation de la figure 1. Les pièces constitutives de cet ensemble, lorsqu'elles sont identiques à celles de la figure 1 portent les mêmes numéros de référence, majorés de 200. Ainsi, on voit une pompe à précompression 201 montée par encliquetage sur le goulot d'un réservoir 224. Sur une saillie périphérique 232 du réservoir on a fixé, par exemple par claquage, un capot d'habillage 233, entourant la pompe 201.In Figure 3, there is shown a partial section of a distribution assembly 200 according to the invention, equipped with a precompression pump 201, according to the embodiment of Figure 1. The component parts of this assembly, when they are identical to those of FIG. 1 bear the same reference numbers, increased by 200. Thus, we see a precompression pump 201 mounted by snap-fastening on the neck of a tank 224. On a peripheral projection 232 of the tank there is fixed, for example by breakdown, a covering hood 233, surrounding the pump 201.

Ce capot d'habillage 233 comporte une face frontale 234, dans laquelle on a découpé une lumière 229, par laquelle le cône de pulvérisation du liquide peut passer, lors de la distribution du liquide. La face frontale 234 du capot 233 comporte également une zone de flexion élastique 231, par exemple une charnière film, à laquelle est raccordé un bras de levier 230. Ce bras de levier est muni d'une zone d'appui 228 de forme arrondie, destinée à coopérer avec l'organe de manoeuvre 206 de la pompe 201.
L'utilisation de l'ensemble 200 est le suivant : lorsque l'utilisateur appuie sur le levier 230, en direction de la flèche A, l'enfoncement de celui-ci entraîne la descente de l'organe de manoeuvre 206 et en même temps la descente du piston 210 en direction du réservoir 224. Alors, l'accès au canal de distribution 218 est libéré et une pulvérisation de bonne qualité peut être effectuée, avec un minimum d'effort pour l'utilisateur.This covering hood 233 has a front face 234, in which a hole 229 has been cut, through which the liquid spray cone can pass, during the distribution of the liquid. The front face 234 of the cover 233 also includes an elastic bending zone 231, for example a film hinge, to which a lever arm 230 is connected. This lever arm is provided with a support zone 228 of rounded shape, intended to cooperate with the operating member 206 of the pump 201.
The use of the assembly 200 is as follows: when the user presses the lever 230, in the direction of the arrow A, the depression of the latter causes the maneuvering member 206 to descend and at the same time the descent of the piston 210 in the direction of the reservoir 224. Then, access to the distribution channel 218 is released and good quality spraying can be carried out, with a minimum of effort for the user.

Sur les figures 4, 4a et 4b, on a représenté, en coupe partielle agrandie, une chambre de précompression 305, équipé d'un piston de précompression 310, selon une deuxième variante de réalisation de l'invention. Les pièces constitutives de cette réalisation, lorsqu'elles sont identiques à celles de la figure 1 ou jouant un rôle analogue, portent les mêmes numéros de référence, majorés de 300.In Figures 4, 4a and 4b, there is shown, in enlarged partial section, a precompression chamber 305, equipped with a precompression piston 310, according to a second alternative embodiment of the invention. The constituent parts of this embodiment, when identical to those of FIG. 1 or playing a similar role, bear the same reference numbers, increased by 300.

Ainsi, selon cette deuxième variante de réalisation, le moyen de mise à la pression atmosphérique est constitué par une cheminée 310c portée par le piston de précompression 310 et prolongeant celui-ci en direction du réservoir ; cette cheminée traverse un passage cylindrique (ou communication) 323a pratiqué dans le fond 305d de la chambre de précompression 305. La cheminée 310c a un diamètre plus faible que le piston de précompression 310 définissant ainsi un espace annulaire pour permettre une entrée d'air. Le diamètre de cette cheminée est également plus faible que celui du passage cylindrique 323a. L'extrémité de la cheminée, émergeant dans le réservoir, est munie d'un jonc cylindrique évasé 310h d'un diamètre plus important que celui du passage cylindrique 323a. L'extrémité libre du passage 323a comporte un orifice 323 de forme complémentaire au jonc 310h et apte à coopérer avec celui-ci ; ces deux pièces forment un clapet. Sous la poussée du second ressort 311 sur le piston de précompression, en position de repos, ce jonc ferme donc la communication entre le réservoir et la chambre de précompression 305.Thus, according to this second alternative embodiment, the means for bringing it to atmospheric pressure consists of a chimney 310c carried by the precompression piston 310 and extending the latter towards the tank; this chimney crosses a cylindrical passage (or communication) 323a formed in the bottom 305d of the precompression chamber 305. The chimney 310c has a smaller diameter than the precompression piston 310 thus defining an annular space to allow air intake. The diameter of this chimney is also smaller than that of the cylindrical passage 323a. The end of the chimney, emerging in the tank, is provided with a flared cylindrical rod 310h with a larger diameter than that of the cylindrical passage 323a. The free end of the passage 323a comprises an orifice 323 of shape complementary to the rod 310h and able to cooperate with the latter; these two parts form a valve. Under the thrust of the second spring 311 on the precompression piston, in the rest position, this rod therefore closes the communication between the tank and the precompression chamber 305.

Lors de l'actionnement de la pompe, le piston de précompression 310 se déplace en direction du réservoir, et ainsi éloigner le jonc 310h du passage cylindrique 323a, de sorte qu'une communication est établie entre l'orifice de prise d'air 305a et le réservoir. Afin de faciliter le passage d'air dans la communication 323a, une saignée longitudinale 323b a été creusée dans la paroi de la communication 323. Le fonctionnement de ce dispositif est analogue à celui, décrit en référence à la figure 1.When the pump is actuated, the precompression piston 310 moves in the direction of the reservoir, and thus removes the rod 310h from the cylindrical passage 323a, so that communication is established between the air intake orifice 305a and the tank. In order to facilitate the passage of air in the communication 323a, a longitudinal groove 323b has been dug in the wall of the communication 323. The operation of this device is similar to that described with reference to FIG. 1.

Sur les figures 5 et 5a, on a représenté en coupe partielle agrandie, une chambre de précompression 405, équipée d'un piston de précompression 410, selon une troisième variante de réalisation de l'invention. Les pièces constitutives de cette réalisation, lorsqu'elles sont identiques à celles de la figure 1 ou jouant un rôle analogue, portent les mêmes numéros de référence, majorés de 400.In Figures 5 and 5a, there is shown in enlarged partial section, a precompression chamber 405, equipped with a precompression piston 410, according to a third alternative embodiment of the invention. The constituent parts of this embodiment, when they are identical to those of FIG. 1 or playing a similar role, bear the same reference numbers, increased by 400.

Ainsi, on peut voir la chambre de précompression 405 délimitée par une paroi cylindrique 405b et un fond 405d, lui-même muni d'un orifice 423. Dans cette chambre 405, du côte tourné vers la chambre de pompage 402 est disposé le piston de précompression, en appui contre un bourrelet annulaire 422, sous l'action d'un ressort de rappel 411 prévu entre le piston 410 et le fond 405d. La paroi 405b comporte un canal de distribution 418, et un orifice de prise d'air 405a qui débouche à l'extérieur. Le piston de précompression comporte deux lèvres d'étanchéité, dont la première 410a, tournée vers la chambre de pompage 402, obture en position de repos le canal 418, et dont la deuxième lèvre 410e, tournée vers le réservoir, bouche l'orifice de prise d'air 405a, lorsque la pompe est au repos. Dans la zone entre le fond 405d et la deuxième lèvre 410e, la chambre 405 est munie d'une ou plusieurs nervures longitudinales 405c.Thus, we can see the precompression chamber 405 delimited by a cylindrical wall 405b and a bottom 405d, itself provided with an orifice 423. In this chamber 405, on the side facing the pumping chamber 402 is arranged the piston precompression, pressing against an annular bead 422, under the action of a return spring 411 provided between the piston 410 and the bottom 405d. The wall 405b has a distribution channel 418, and an air intake orifice 405a which opens to the outside. The precompression piston has two sealing lips, the first 410a, facing the pumping chamber 402, closes the channel 418 in the rest position, and the second lip 410e, facing the reservoir, plugs the orifice of air intake 405a, when the pump is at rest. In the area between the bottom 405d and the second lip 410e, the chamber 405 is provided with one or more longitudinal ribs 405c.

Le fonctionnement de ce dispositif est analogue à celui, décrit en référence à la figure 1.The operation of this device is similar to that described with reference to FIG. 1.

Claims (20)

1 - Pompe à précompression (1, 101, 201) pour la pulvérisation sous pression constante d'un liquide comprenant : - un corps (3, 103, 203) cylindrique définissant une chambre de pompage (2, 102, 202, 302, 402) cylindrique ayant un axe de révolution (X) et dans laquelle est logé un premier piston (7, 107, 207) associé à un organe de manoeuvre (6, 106, 206), ce piston étant en appui contre un premier moyen de rappel élastique (9, 109, 209) disposé dans cette chambre (2, 102, 202, 302, 402); - une chambre de précompression (5, 105, 205, 305, 405) cylindrique ayant un axe de révolution (Y) et étant munie d'un second piston (10, 110, 210, 310, 410) en appui contre un deuxième moyen de rappel élastique (11, 111, 211, 311, 411), la chambre de précompression étant en communication avec la chambre de pompage (2, 102, 202) ; - un canal d'alimentation (4, 104, 204) muni d'un clapet anti-retour (4a, 15; 104a, 115; 204a, 215, 315, 415), débouchant dans la chambre de pompage (2, 102, 202, 302, 402) ; - un élément de distribution (17, 117, 217) muni d'une buse de pulvérisation (20, 120, 220) et d'un canal de distribution (18, 118, 218, 318, 418) reliant la buse à la chambre de précompression, cette chambre de précompression comportant un moyen coulissant (F) de mise en communication et de fermeture dudit canal de distribution, de sorte que la communication est interrompue en position de repos de la pompe et que la communication est établie à la précompression sous l'action de l'organe de manoeuvre, le moyen coulissant (F) de mise en communication et de fermeture libérant alors un passage entre la chambre de précompression et le canal de distribution (18, 118, 218, 318, 418), l'axe (Y) de la chambre de précompression (5, 105, 205, 305, 405) étant décalé par rapport à l'axe (X) de la chambre de pompage (2, 102, 202, 302, 402), caractérisée en ce que la chambre de précompression (5, 105, 205, 305, 405) est dans le prolongement de la chambre de pompage (2, 102, 202, 302, 402), et que le liquide contenu dans la chambre de pompage (2, 102, 202, 302, 402) accède directement à la chambre de précompression (5, 105, 205, 305, 405), lors de l'actionnement du moyen de manoeuvre (6, 106, 206). 1 - Precompression pump (1, 101, 201) for spraying a liquid under constant pressure comprising: - a cylindrical body (3, 103, 203) defining a pumping chamber (2, 102, 202, 302, 402) cylindrical having an axis of revolution (X) and in which is housed a first piston (7, 107, 207 ) associated with an operating member (6, 106, 206), this piston being in abutment against a first elastic return means (9, 109, 209) disposed in this chamber (2, 102, 202, 302, 402); - a cylindrical precompression chamber (5, 105, 205, 305, 405) having an axis of revolution (Y) and being provided with a second piston (10, 110, 210, 310, 410) bearing against a second means elastic return (11, 111, 211, 311, 411), the precompression chamber being in communication with the pumping chamber (2, 102, 202); - a supply channel (4, 104, 204) provided with a non-return valve (4a, 15; 104a, 115; 204a, 215, 315, 415), opening into the pumping chamber (2, 102, 202, 302, 402); - a distribution element (17, 117, 217) provided with a spray nozzle (20, 120, 220) and a distribution channel (18, 118, 218, 318, 418) connecting the nozzle to the chamber of precompression, this precompression chamber comprising a sliding means (F) of communication and closing of said distribution channel, so that the communication is interrupted in the rest position of the pump and that communication is established at precompression under the action of the operating member, the sliding means (F) for placing in communication and closing, thus freeing a passage between the precompression chamber and the distribution channel (18, 118, 218, 318, 418), l 'axis (Y) of the precompression chamber (5, 105, 205, 305, 405) being offset with respect to the axis (X) of the pumping chamber (2, 102, 202, 302, 402), characterized in that the precompression chamber (5, 105, 205, 305, 405) is an extension of the pumping chamber (2, 102, 202, 3 02, 402), and that the liquid contained in the pumping chamber (2, 102, 202, 302, 402) directly accesses the precompression chamber (5, 105, 205, 305, 405), during actuation the operating means (6, 106, 206). 2 - Pompe à précompression selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la buse (20, 120, 220) est fixe par rapport au corps (3, 103, 203) de la pompe. 2 - Precompression pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle (20, 120, 220) is fixed relative to the body (3, 103, 203) of the pump. 3 - Pompe à précompression selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la buse de pulvérisation (20, 120, 220), est munie d'un orifice de pulvérisation (21, 121, 221) orienté selon un axe (Z) orthogonal à l'axe (X). 3 - Precompression pump according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spray nozzle (20, 120, 220), is provided with a spray orifice (21, 121, 221) oriented along an axis (Z) orthogonal to the axis (X). 4 - Pompe à précompression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le moyen coulissant (F) de mise en communication et de fermeture est constitué par une lèvre annulaire (10a, 210a, 310a, 410a) solidaire du second piston (10, 210, 310, 410). 4 - Precompression pump according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sliding means (F) of communication and closure is constituted by an annular lip (10a, 210a, 310a, 410a) integral with the second piston (10, 210, 310, 410). 5 - Pompe à précompression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le moyen coulissant (F) de mise en communication et de fermeture est constitué par un picot (110a) formé à une partie (110b) du second piston (110) en regard du premier piston (107) capable d'obturer une extension (118a) du canal de distribution (118) parallèle à l'axe (Y). 5 - Precompression pump according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sliding means (F) for communication and closing is constituted by a pin (110a) formed at a part (110b) of the second piston (110) opposite the first piston (107) capable of closing an extension (118a) of the distribution channel (118) parallel to the axis ( Y). 6 - Pompe à précompression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que les axes (X), (Y) et (Z) sont situés dans un même plan. 6 - Precompression pump according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the axes (X), (Y) and (Z) are located in the same plane. 7 - Pompe à précompression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le premier moyen de rappel élastique (9, 109, 209) est constitué par un ressort hélicoïdal. 7 - Precompression pump according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first elastic return means (9, 109, 209) is constituted by a helical spring. 8 - Pompe à précompression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le second moyen de rappel élastique (11, 111, 211, 311, 411) est constitué par un ressort hélicoïdal. 8 - Precompression pump according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second elastic return means (11, 111, 211, 311, 411) is constituted by a helical spring. 9 - Pompe à précompression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que le clapet anti-retour est constitué par une bille sphérique (15, 115, 215, 315, 415) logée dans une portion tronconique (4a, 104a, 204a) du canal d'alimentation (4, 104, 204). 9 - Precompression pump according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the non-return valve consists of a spherical ball (15, 115, 215, 315, 415) housed in a frustoconical portion (4a, 104a , 204a) of the feed channel (4, 104, 204). 10 - Pompe à précompression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisée en ce que la chambre de précompression (5, 205, 305, 405) comporte un canal capillaire (23a) mettant en communication cette chambre de précompression et le réservoir (24). 10 - Precompression pump according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the precompression chamber (5, 205, 305, 405) comprises a capillary channel (23a) connecting this precompression chamber and the reservoir ( 24). 11 - Pompe à précompression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que la chambre de précompression (5, 205, 305, 405) est munie d'un moyen (5a, 23 ; 305a, 310c, 310h, 323a, 323b ; 405a, 405c, 423) de mise à la pression atmosphérique. 11 - Precompression pump according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the precompression chamber (5, 205, 305, 405) is provided with means (5a, 23; 305a, 310c, 310h, 323a , 323b; 405a, 405c, 423) of atmospheric pressure. 12 - Pompe à précompression selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que le moyen (5a, 23 ; 305a, 310c, 310h, 323a, 323b ; 405a, 405c, 423) de mise à la pression atmosphérique comprend un orifice de prise d'air (5a, 305a, 405a), une communication (23a, 323a, 423a) entre la chambre de précompression (5, 105, 205, 305, 405) et le réservoir (24, 224) et un moyen d'étanchéité (10e, 310h-323a, 410e) solidaire du second piston (10, 210, 310, 410), ce moyen d'étanchéité étant opérant en position de repos de la pompe et inopérant en position d'actionnement. 12 - Precompression pump according to claim 11, characterized in that the means (5a, 23; 305a, 310c, 310h, 323a, 323b; 405a, 405c, 423) for setting to atmospheric pressure comprises a intake orifice air (5a, 305a, 405a), a communication (23a, 323a, 423a) between the precompression chamber (5, 105, 205, 305, 405) and the tank (24, 224) and a sealing means (10th , 310h-323a, 410e) integral with the second piston (10, 210, 310, 410), this sealing means being operating in the rest position of the pump and inoperative in the actuating position. 13 - Pompe à précompression selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que le moyen d'étanchéité (10e, 410e) est une lèvre annulaire en contact étanche avec la paroi cylindrique de la chambre de précompression et en ce que ladite paroi comporte une nervure (5c, 405c) écartant la lèvre de ladite paroi cylindrique, lors de l'actionnement de la pompe. 13 - Precompression pump according to claim 12, characterized in that the sealing means (10e, 410e) is an annular lip in sealing contact with the cylindrical wall of the precompression chamber and in that said wall comprises a rib ( 5c, 405c) spreading the lip of said cylindrical wall, when the pump is actuated. 14 - Pompe à précompression selon la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que le moyen d'étanchéité est un jonc évasé cylindrique (310h) porté par le second piston (310), ce jonc étant en contact étanche, en position de repos de la pompe, avec la paroi de la communication (323a), ce jonc étant écarté de la paroi de la communication, lors de l'actionnement de la pompe. 14 - Precompression pump according to claim 12, characterized in that the sealing means is a cylindrical flared ring (310h) carried by the second piston (310), this ring being in sealed contact, in the pump rest position , with the wall of the communication (323a), this rod being spaced from the wall of the communication, when the pump is actuated. 15 - Pompe à précompression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce qu'un moyen facilitant l'amorçage de la pompe, lors de la première utilisation, est disposé entre le premier (7, 107, 207) et le second (10, 110, 210, 310, 410) piston. 15 - Precompression pump according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a means facilitating the priming of the pump, during the first use, is disposed between the first (7, 107, 207) and the second (10, 110, 210, 310, 410) piston. 16 - Pompe à précompression selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisée en ce que le moyen facilitant l'amorçage de la pompe est un picot central (10d, 310d, 410d) situé sur un plateau supérieur (10f, 210f, ) du second piston (10, 210), ce picot venant en appui contre le premier piston (7, 207) lorsque celui-ci est dans une positon où le volume de la chambre de pompage (2, 202) est au minimum. 16 - Precompression pump according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the means facilitating the priming of the pump is a central pin (10d, 310d, 410d) located on an upper plate (10f, 210f,) of the second piston (10, 210), this pin coming to bear against the first piston (7, 207) when the latter is in a position where the volume of the pumping chamber (2, 202) is at a minimum. 17 - Ensemble de distribution d'un liquide sous forme de gouttelettes, comportant un réservoir (24, 124, 214) pour le liquide à distribuer, surmonté d'une pompe à précompression (1, 101, 201) conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16. 17 - Liquid distribution assembly in the form of droplets, comprising a reservoir (24, 124, 214) for the liquid to be distributed, surmounted by a precompression pump (1, 101, 201) according to any one of claims 1 to 16. 18 - Ensemble selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen de fixation (16,16a,16b;116;116a,116b;216,216a,216b) de la pompe sur le réservoir contenant le liquide à pulvériser est prévu. 18 - The assembly of claim 17, characterized in that a fixing means (16,16a, 16b; 116; 116a, 116b; 216,216a, 216b) of the pump on the tank containing the liquid to be sprayed is provided. 19 - Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 17 ou 18, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de fixation comporte un élément en forme de disque (16, 116, 216) s'étendant radialement du corps (3, 103, 203) de pompe et comportant une partie périphérique, conformée en une jupe cylindrique (16a, 116a, 216a) munie à l'intérieur d'un bourrelet de claquage (16b, 116b, 216b), apte à coopérer avec un filetage annulaire (26, 126, 226) correspondant, réalisé sur un goulot (25, 125, 225) du réservoir (24, 124, 224). 19 - assembly according to one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that the fixing means comprises a disc-shaped element (16, 116, 216) extending radially from the pump body (3, 103, 203) and comprising a peripheral part, shaped as a cylindrical skirt (16a, 116a, 216a) provided inside a snap bead (16b, 116b, 216b), capable of cooperating with an annular thread (26, 126, 226 ) corresponding, produced on a neck (25, 125, 225) of the reservoir (24, 124, 224). 20 - Ensemble selon l'une des revendications 17 à 19, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de manoeuvre (6, 106, 206) est actionné par l'intermédiaire d'un bras de levier (230). 20 - assembly according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the operating member (6, 106, 206) is actuated by means of a lever arm (230).
EP95401226A 1994-06-20 1995-05-24 Manually actuated precompression pump for spraying a liquid and dispensing assembly comprising such a pump Expired - Lifetime EP0688609B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9407534A FR2721285B1 (en) 1994-06-20 1994-06-20 Manual precompression pump for spraying a liquid and distribution assembly equipped with such a pump.
FR9407534 1994-06-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0688609A1 true EP0688609A1 (en) 1995-12-27
EP0688609B1 EP0688609B1 (en) 1998-12-09

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EP95401226A Expired - Lifetime EP0688609B1 (en) 1994-06-20 1995-05-24 Manually actuated precompression pump for spraying a liquid and dispensing assembly comprising such a pump

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US (1) US5641097A (en)
EP (1) EP0688609B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2755556B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9502238A (en)
CA (1) CA2152147C (en)
DE (1) DE69506481T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2125570T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2721285B1 (en)

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EP1161387A1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2001-12-12 Israel Olegnowicz Atomizing pump spray
WO2007086156A1 (en) 2006-01-26 2007-08-02 Mitani Valve Co., Ltd. Content discharge mechanism for pump-type container and pump-type product with content discharge mechanism

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US6364172B1 (en) 1998-12-10 2002-04-02 Afa Polytek, B.V. Liquid dispenser and assembly methods therefor
NL1011964C2 (en) * 1998-12-10 2000-11-09 Afa Polytek Bv Precompression system for spray dispenser has precompression valve biased to closing position by spring, with space connected to pump and conduit connected to discharge nozzle
NL1011479C2 (en) * 1999-03-06 2002-04-23 Afa Polytek Bv Water bottle container dispenser has at least one closing member coacting with opening and movable between position closing opening and position leaving clear opening
DE69928832T2 (en) * 1998-12-10 2006-08-03 Afa Polytek B.V. CONVEYOR FOR CONTAINERS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH A CONTAINER AND METHOD FOR FILLING THEREOF, BY MEANS OF A FILLING OR DOSING HEAD
US6186368B1 (en) * 1999-05-26 2001-02-13 Michael Gene Knickerbocker Manually actuated pump assembly
US6921004B1 (en) 2000-05-26 2005-07-26 Michael G. Knickerbocker Manually actuated pump assembly
FR2840890B1 (en) * 2002-06-14 2004-10-15 Valois Sa FIXING MEMBER AND FLUID PRODUCT DISPENSER COMPRISING SUCH A FIXING MEMBER
US7182225B2 (en) * 2004-02-23 2007-02-27 Valois S.A.S. Fluid dispenser member
DE102004044344A1 (en) * 2004-09-09 2006-03-30 Ing. Erich Pfeiffer Gmbh metering
JP5064187B2 (en) * 2007-11-30 2012-10-31 株式会社吉野工業所 Liquid ejector
CN102056677B (en) * 2008-06-10 2014-02-26 米德韦斯特瓦科卡尔马有限责任公司 Fluid discharge head
DE102009006430A1 (en) * 2009-01-23 2010-07-29 Ing. Erich Pfeiffer Gmbh discharge
JP6008449B2 (en) * 2013-01-31 2016-10-19 株式会社吉野工業所 dispenser
CN105188850A (en) 2013-05-16 2015-12-23 宝洁公司 Hair thickening compositions and methods of use
CN109890270B (en) * 2016-08-29 2022-01-04 斯勒冈分配系统公司 In-line vacuum spring long duration sprayer
WO2023223580A1 (en) * 2022-05-17 2023-11-23 株式会社三谷バルブ Pump and squirt container

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EP1161387A1 (en) * 1998-10-30 2001-12-12 Israel Olegnowicz Atomizing pump spray
EP1161387A4 (en) * 1998-10-30 2007-05-02 Israel Olegnowicz Atomizing pump spray
WO2007086156A1 (en) 2006-01-26 2007-08-02 Mitani Valve Co., Ltd. Content discharge mechanism for pump-type container and pump-type product with content discharge mechanism
EP1974825A1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2008-10-01 Mitani Valve Co., Ltd. Content discharge mechanism for pump-type container and pump-type product with content discharge mechanism
EP1974825A4 (en) * 2006-01-26 2009-04-15 Mitani Valve Co Ltd Content discharge mechanism for pump-type container and pump-type product with content discharge mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2721285A1 (en) 1995-12-22
JPH0814155A (en) 1996-01-16
EP0688609B1 (en) 1998-12-09
CA2152147C (en) 1998-06-09
US5641097A (en) 1997-06-24
FR2721285B1 (en) 1996-08-02
CA2152147A1 (en) 1995-12-21
BR9502238A (en) 1996-01-23
DE69506481D1 (en) 1999-01-21
ES2125570T3 (en) 1999-03-01
DE69506481T2 (en) 1999-04-29
JP2755556B2 (en) 1998-05-20

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