EP0437131B1 - Precompression hand pump for the spraying of a liquid, in particular a perfume - Google Patents

Precompression hand pump for the spraying of a liquid, in particular a perfume Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0437131B1
EP0437131B1 EP90403622A EP90403622A EP0437131B1 EP 0437131 B1 EP0437131 B1 EP 0437131B1 EP 90403622 A EP90403622 A EP 90403622A EP 90403622 A EP90403622 A EP 90403622A EP 0437131 B1 EP0437131 B1 EP 0437131B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
valve
pump according
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90403622A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0437131A1 (en
Inventor
Patrick Laffougère
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LOreal SA
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LOreal SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0437131A1 publication Critical patent/EP0437131A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
    • B05B1/3436—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a plane perpendicular to the outlet axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0037—Containers
    • B05B11/0039—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means
    • B05B11/0044—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means compensating underpressure by ingress of atmospheric air into the container, i.e. with venting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1001—Piston pumps
    • B05B11/1004—Piston pumps comprising a movable cylinder and a stationary piston
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1001—Piston pumps
    • B05B11/1016—Piston pumps the outlet valve having a valve seat located downstream a movable valve element controlled by a pressure actuated controlling element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1042—Components or details
    • B05B11/1061—Pump priming means
    • B05B11/1063—Air exhausted from the pump chamber being discharged into the container during priming

Definitions

  • FIG. 4 of FR-A-2 346 056 discloses a manual precompression pump.
  • a pump for spraying a liquid under pressure, a pump has already been proposed, as for example described in FR-A-2 460 164, in which the lower piston has a central passage, in which, substantially at mid-length, arms extend radially and form a sort of star, these arms carrying a central rod coaxial with the piston, of smaller diameter, elastic return means for the cylinder and of the lower piston being constituted by a helical spring, one end of which is engaged in the central passage of the piston and bears against the radial arms, and the other end of which bears against a stop integral with the internal wall of the body.
  • the diameter of the lower part of the pump can be reduced so that a large part of the pump can be engaged in the mouth, which reduces the projection on the container.
  • the flow of liquid under pressure, during spraying takes place through longitudinal passages, without appreciable constriction, and therefore with reduced pressure losses.
  • priming the pump requires a minimum of effort, in terms of handling the pusher; for this, decompression means are provided to break the seal established by the lower piston at the end of the stroke and allow, in particular, the evacuation of air for priming the pump and filling the cylinder with liquid; unfortunately, the decompression means, generally constituted by grooves or fins formed on the internal wall of the cylinder over which the piston is caused to pass, end up damaging the piston.
  • the lower piston is formed by a sleeve comprising a central passage, this sleeve comprising, at its end facing the non-return suction valve, a skirt frustoconical sealing suitable for pressing against the internal surface of the body and, at its other end, another sealing skirt also suitable for pressing against the internal surface of the body, while at least one hole is provided in the wall of the body, in particular for the evacuation of air during priming of the pump, this hole being positioned so as to be permanently in the annular space comprised between the two sealing skirts of the piston inferior.
  • the wall of the body may include, above the first hole, a second air intake hole.
  • the discharge valve is arranged to open in the opposite direction to the flow of liquid so as to completely free the inlet of the cylinder outlet pipe, the inlet which constitutes the seat of the valve.
  • This discharge valve comprises a body sliding in a sealed manner in a housing of the piston-carrying element of smaller diameter and a cup sliding in a sealed manner in the chamber of the cylinder of larger diameter, the valve being traversed by at least one longitudinal channel connecting its two faces, so that a differential effect of the pressure, which acts on different surfaces between the top and the bottom of the discharge valve, controls the opening of this valve.
  • the discharge valve is returned by a helical spring arranged between the bottom of a housing provided in the piston-carrying element and the discharge valve.
  • the pump is equipped with a spray nozzle suitable for creating a vortex, this nozzle comprising a cap pierced with an orifice, mounted on a radial stud, a liquid supply channel being provided between the stud and the cap. to open in an annular space, while supply channels connect this annular space to the orifice; the supply channels have a prismatic shape whose section decreases from the annular space to the periphery of the orifice.
  • the supply channels can be formed in the bottom of the cap and delimited laterally by the flat front face of the stud, the annular space being provided in the front face of the stud and delimited by the peripheral bottom of the cap.
  • Figure 1 of these drawings is a perspective view of a pump according to the invention during assembly on the mouth of a container, the pusher not yet in place on the pump.
  • Figure 2 is a vertical axial section of the pump according to the invention, in the rest position.
  • Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, showing the pump being primed, with the plunger fully depressed.
  • Figure 4 shows, similarly to Figure 2, the pump with the partially depressed plunger, during spraying.
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged section of a detail of the spray nozzle.
  • FIG. 6, finally, is a view along line VI-VI of FIG. 5.
  • the pump 1 comprises a body 4 intended to be fixed on the mouth 3.
  • the body 4 is formed, in the example considered, by a succession of cylindrical parts 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 of increasingly larger diameters reduced when moving from top to bottom, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the upper part 5 comprises, at its upper end, a flange 10 projecting radially outwards, suitable for compressing a sealing washer 11 against the end of the mouth 3.
  • the tightening of the flange against the washer 11 is provided by a sleeve 12, having an internal thread suitable for cooperating with that of the mouth 3, which it comes to cap.
  • the lower extreme part 9 of the body 4 has the smallest diameter and constitutes a connection piece for a dip tube 13.
  • the transition zone between the lower extreme part 9 and the preceding part 8 is constituted by a frustoconical wall 14 whose surface internal constitutes the seat of a non-return suction valve formed by a ball 15.
  • a cylinder 16 is able to slide in the upper part 5 of the body under the action of a thrust exerted on a button 17 forming a pusher, against elastic return means formed by a helical spring 18.
  • the cylinder 16 has, at its upper part, a tube 19, of reduced diameter, connecting to a spray head 20 provided in the push-button 17.
  • a discharge valve 21 is arranged in the cylinder 16, with the possibility of sliding in the axial direction of this cylinder.
  • the discharge valve 21 includes a central frustoconical stud 22 suitable for being applied to the inlet 23 of the pipe 19, which constitutes the seat of this valve.
  • the upper part of the valve 21 comprises a cup 24 capable of sliding in leaktight manner against the internal wall of the cylinder 16; the valve 21 is extended downwards by a core 25 of smaller diameter than the cup 24.
  • This core 25 is provided at its lower part with a skirt 26 suitable for establishing a sealed sliding of the core in a cylindrical housing 27 of a piston-carrying element 28 linked, in particular by snap-fastening, to the cylinder 16.
  • the valve 21 is crossed by at least one longitudinal channel 29 connecting its lower face to the upper face limited by the cup 24.
  • the valve 21 is urged to close by a helical spring 30 disposed between the bottom of the housing 27 and the bottom of an annular recess provided in the lower part of the valve 21.
  • valve 21 is urged to close in the direction of flow of the liquid which takes place from bottom to top.
  • the valve 21 will open under the differential action of the pressure exerted on the larger surface of the cup 24 and on the smaller section of the core 21.
  • the pin 22 completely clears the passage of tubing 19 so that the pressure drops are reduced to a minimum.
  • the piston-carrying element 28 is traversed by a cylindrical longitudinal passage 31 at its lower part, and continuing upwards, in a decreasing section, in particular cruciform, whose diameter of the circumscribed circle gradually decreases.
  • the bottom of the housing 27 includes stop elements 32 surrounded by one end of the spring 30 and serving as centering at this end, these stop elements 32 being traversed by the extension of the passage 31 and being separated from each other by radial slots f , at least one of which is situated substantially in line with a channel 29. Under these conditions, when the valve 21 comes to bear against the stop elements 32, a relatively direct passage remains for the liquid towards the channel 29.
  • the diameter of the piston-carrying element 28 is such that this element can slide inside the part 6 of the body 4.
  • the lower part of the piston-carrying element 28 is formed by a kind of tube 33 of diameter reduced, comprising, on its outer surface connecting means, for example a thread, with a lower piston 34.
  • This lower piston 34 is formed by a sleeve crossed by a central longitudinal passage 35.
  • the piston 34 comprises, substantially halfway along its central passage, arms 36 extending radially and forming a kind of star.
  • the arms 36 carry a central rod 37 coaxial with the sleeve, with a diameter less than the diameter of the tube 33.
  • the rod 37 of the lower piston 34 plays a particular role: it allows, in fact, to refocus the spring 18 to prevent it, due to its length, from undergoing buckling.
  • the piston 34 comprises, at its lower part, sealing means formed by a frustoconical sealing skirt 38 suitable for pressing in a sealed manner against the internal wall of the part 7 of the body 4.
  • the piston 34 has, at its upper end, another sealing skirt 39 capable of pressing against the internal surface of the part 6.
  • a hole 40 is provided towards the lower end of the part 6, slightly above the constriction of the connection between the part 6 and the part 7. This hole 40 is positioned so as to be permanently in the space annular between the two skirts 38 and 39, that the piston 34 occupies the high position of FIG. 2 or the low position of FIG. 3.
  • Another air intake hole 41 can be provided towards the upper end of the part 6. This hole 41 is located below the skirt 39, when the piston 34 occupies the high position of FIG. 2, and at above this skirt 39 when the piston 34 is in the low position of FIG. 3.
  • the return spring 18 is engaged in the piston 34 to bear against the star formed by the arms 36. At its other end, the spring 18 bears against a seat s , projecting radially towards the inside of the internal surface of the part 8.
  • This seat inside which the ball 15 can be move, has at its upper part an internal rim adapted to retain the ball 15, while it is spaced from the wall 14.
  • Part 7 comprises, at its lower end, on its internal surface, a decompression bearing 42 formed in particular by longitudinal ribs, angularly spaced from one another, projecting inwards.
  • a decompression bearing 42 formed in particular by longitudinal ribs, angularly spaced from one another, projecting inwards.
  • the skirt 38 of the piston 34 is not damaged by the decompression bearings 42, the latter is made of a relatively flexible material, such as LDPE (low density polyethylene).
  • the upper piston 21 is made of the same material.
  • the piston-carrying part 28 is made of a relatively rigid material, such as polypropylene or HDPE (high density polyethylene).
  • Parts 28 and 34 are therefore molded separately and are independent of each other.
  • the spray head 20 will now be considered in more detail:
  • this head comprises the pusher 17 fitted on the pipe 19 and coming into abutment against an extension of the outer wall of the cylinder 16.
  • the head 20 comprises a central pin 43 of diameter less than the upper end the tube 19 in which it is engaged to determine annular passages allowing the liquid to reach the outlet nozzle 44.
  • This nozzle 44 comprises a cap 45 (see FIG. 5), pierced with a central orifice 46 centered at the top of a frustoconical cavity.
  • the cap 45 is threaded onto a radial stud 47 of the head 20.
  • a channel 48 for the arrival of the liquid to be sprayed is provided between the radial stud 47 and the cap 45 to open into an annular space 49 provided at the front end of the stud 47.
  • This annular space 49 is connected to the central hole 46 by channels 50 (FIG. 6) provided in the bottom of the cap 45.
  • the channels 50 are limited by two converging walls, substantially tangent to the circumference of the base of the hole 46, so that the section of each channel decreases from the annular space 49 to the circumference of the frustoconical cavity.
  • the channels 50 are delimited, laterally, by the flat front face of the stud 47.
  • the annular space 49, formed in the front face of this stud 47, is delimited by the cylindrical wall of the cap 45 when it is in place on the nipple.
  • the channels 50 could be provided in the front face of the radial stud 47.
  • Channels 50 are advantageously six in number, regularly spaced.
  • the operation of the precompression pump according to the invention is as follows.
  • the pump At rest, the pump is in the position shown in FIG. 2, the body 4 containing air, the liquid being in the container 2.
  • the user must, first of all, in a conventional manner, prime the pump, that is to say ensure the filling the body 4 with liquid, the air being expelled.
  • the user must press several times, generally three or four times on the push button 17.
  • the frustoconical skirt 38 of the piston 34 meets the decompression bearing 42, which causes the seal to break and allows the compressed air to escape around the skirt 38 in the annular passage located outside the piston 34, and to pass, through the hole 40, into the container 2.
  • the spring 18 causes the piston 34 and therefore the cylinder 16 and the pusher 17 to rise.
  • a depression is created in the body 4, and in particular in the part 7, which causes the opening of the suction valve 15 and the rise of a certain amount of liquid in the body 4.
  • the valve 21 will open as soon as the pressure acting on the differential section of the valve is sufficient to overcome the action of the spring 30.
  • the pressurized liquid will then flow through the tubing 19 towards the nozzle 44 and will be sprayed.
  • the valve 21 is stopped by a frank support against the stop 32, which contributes to a good regularity of dose.
  • the displacement of the valve 21 takes place without causing displacement of the piston 34 and the spring 30 is chosen only as a function of the opening pressure desired for the valve 21.
  • the difference in section between the cup 24 and the core 25 of the valve can be chosen according to the type of operation desired for the valve 21.
  • the pump of the invention also has a great smoothness of operation, as well as a sudden drop in the handling force F (exerted on the pusher 17) that the user encounters at the end of the stroke.

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  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)

Description

L'invention est relative à une pompe manuelle à précompression, pour la pulvérisation sous pression d'un liquide, notamment d'un parfum, pompe du genre de celles qui comprennent :

  • un corps destiné à être fixé sur l'embouchure d'un récipient contenant le liquide à pulvériser, ce corps comportant, à sa partie inférieure, un embout de raccordement à un tube plongeur, cet embout étant muni d'un clapet d'aspiration anti-retour ;
  • un cylindre propre à coulisser dans le corps sous l'action d'un poussoir actionné par un utilisateur, à l'encontre de moyens de rappel élastiques, ce cylindre étant associé, à sa partie supérieure, à une tubulure de raccordement conduisant à une tête de pulvérisation, et un clapet de refoulement coopérant avec la tubulure de raccordement, ce clapet étant propre à s'ouvrir pour une pression déterminée dans le cylindre ;
  • un piston inférieur, lié au cylindre par des moyens de liaison en translation, et comportant des moyens d'étanchéité propres à fermer une chambre de volume variable comprise entre le clapet d'aspiration, le corps et le cylindre, le piston inférieur étant traversé par un passage longitudinal, le clapet de refoulement étant monté de manière à pouvoir se déplacer dans le cylindre par rapport à la tubulure indépendamment du piston inférieur, ledit clapet de refoulement étant rappelé élastiquement vers la tubulure.
The invention relates to a manual precompression pump for spraying under pressure a liquid, in particular a perfume, a pump of the type which includes:
  • a body intended to be fixed on the mouth of a container containing the liquid to be sprayed, this body comprising, at its lower part, a connector for connection to a dip tube, this connector being provided with an anti-suction valve -back;
  • a cylinder capable of sliding in the body under the action of a pusher actuated by a user, against elastic return means, this cylinder being associated, at its upper part, with a connection tube leading to a head spray, and a discharge valve cooperating with the connecting pipe, this valve being able to open for a determined pressure in the cylinder;
  • a lower piston, linked to the cylinder by means of connection in translation, and comprising sealing means suitable for closing a chamber of variable volume comprised between the suction valve, the body and the cylinder, the lower piston being traversed by a longitudinal passage, the discharge valve being mounted so as to be able to move in the cylinder relative to the tubing independently of the lower piston, said discharge valve being biased elastically towards the tubing.

On connaît, d'après US-A-4 183 449, une pompe manuelle de ce genre dont la structure est relativement encombrante et dont une partie importante est située au-dessus du goulot du récipient. On a déjà cherché à fournir une pompe d'encombrement réduit, en particulier en largeur, de sorte qu'elle puisse être engagée, pour une bonne partie, dans l'embouchure du récipient sur laquelle elle est montée, comme c'est le cas, par exemple, dans US-A-4 305 530.According to US-A-4,183,449, a manual pump of this type is known, the structure of which is relatively bulky and a large part of which is located above the neck of the container. We have already sought to provide a pump of reduced size, in particular in width, so that it can be engaged, for a large part, in the mouth of the container on which it is mounted, as is the case. , for example, in US-A-4,305,530.

On connaît, par ailleurs notamment par la figure 4 de FR-A-2 346 056, une pompe manuelle à précompression.In addition, FIG. 4 of FR-A-2 346 056 discloses a manual precompression pump.

On sait que la précompression du liquide est destinée à assurer une bonne qualité de pulvérisation et on cherche donc à obtenir un taux de précompression suffisant. Toutefois, pour conserver à la précompression toute son efficacité, il convient que les pertes de charge, lors de l'écoulement du liquide de la chambre du cylindre où la précompression a été établie, vers la buse de pulvérisation, soit aussi faible que possible.We know that the precompression of the liquid is intended to ensure a good quality of spraying and we therefore seek to obtain sufficient precompression rate. However, in order to keep all the effectiveness of the precompression, the pressure drops, during the flow of the liquid from the chamber of the cylinder where the precompression has been established, towards the spray nozzle, should be as low as possible.

La structure de pompe manuelle à précompression proposée par FR-A-2 346 056 demande à être améliorée à ce point de vue.The manual pre-compression pump structure proposed by FR-A-2 346 056 needs to be improved from this point of view.

Pour réduire l'encombrement d'une pompe manuelle à précompression, pour la pulvérisation sous pression d'un liquide, on a déjà proposé, comme cela est par exemple décrit dans FR-A-2 460 164, une pompe dans laquelle le piston inférieur comporte un passage central, dans lequel, sensiblement à mi-longueur, des bras s'étendent radialement et forment une sorte d'étoile, ces bras portant une tige centrale coaxiale au piston, de plus faible diamètre, des moyens de rappel élastiques du cylindre et du piston inférieur étant constitués par un ressort en hélice, dont une extrémité est engagée dans le passage central du piston et prend appui contre les bras radiaux, et dont l'autre extrémité prend appui contre une butée solidaire de la paroi interne du corps.To reduce the size of a manual precompression pump, for spraying a liquid under pressure, a pump has already been proposed, as for example described in FR-A-2 460 164, in which the lower piston has a central passage, in which, substantially at mid-length, arms extend radially and form a sort of star, these arms carrying a central rod coaxial with the piston, of smaller diameter, elastic return means for the cylinder and of the lower piston being constituted by a helical spring, one end of which is engaged in the central passage of the piston and bears against the radial arms, and the other end of which bears against a stop integral with the internal wall of the body.

Avec une telle structure, le diamètre de la partie inférieure de la pompe peut être réduit de sorte qu'une partie importante de la pompe peut être engagée dans l'embouchure, ce qui réduit la saillie sur le récipient. En outre, l'écoulement du liquide sous pression, lors de la pulvérisation, s'effectue à travers des passages longitudinaux, sans étranglement sensible, et donc avec des pertes de charge réduites.With such a structure, the diameter of the lower part of the pump can be reduced so that a large part of the pump can be engaged in the mouth, which reduces the projection on the container. In addition, the flow of liquid under pressure, during spraying, takes place through longitudinal passages, without appreciable constriction, and therefore with reduced pressure losses.

En outre, dans de telles pompes, il est préférable que l'amorçage de la pompe nécessite un minimum d'effort, au niveau de la manipulation du poussoir ; pour cela, des moyens de décompression sont prévus pour rompre l'étanchéité établie par le piston inférieur en fin de course et permettre, notamment, l'évacuation de l'air pour l'amorçage de la pompe et le remplissage du cylindre en liquide ; malheureusement, les moyens de décompression, constitués en général par des saignées ou des ailettes ménagées sur la paroi interne du cylindre sur lesquelles est amené à passer le piston finissent par abimer le piston.In addition, in such pumps, it is preferable that priming the pump requires a minimum of effort, in terms of handling the pusher; for this, decompression means are provided to break the seal established by the lower piston at the end of the stroke and allow, in particular, the evacuation of air for priming the pump and filling the cylinder with liquid; unfortunately, the decompression means, generally constituted by grooves or fins formed on the internal wall of the cylinder over which the piston is caused to pass, end up damaging the piston.

La présente invention vise à supprimer ces inconvénients, dans une pompe qui, en outre, soit d'une fabrication économique et fiable. Selon l'invention une pompe manuelle à précompression pour la pulvérisation sous pression d'un liquide, notamment un parfum, comprend :

  • un corps destiné à être fixé sur l'embouchure d'un récipient contenant le liquide à pulvériser, ce corps comportant, à sa partie inférieure, un embout de raccordement à un tube plongeur, cet embout étant muni d'un clapet d'aspiration anti-retour ;
  • un cylindre propre à coulisser dans le corps sous l'action d'un poussoir actionné par un utilisateur, à l'encontre de moyens de rappel élastiques, ce cylindre étant associé, à sa partie supérieure, à une tubulure de raccordement conduisant à une tête de pulvérisation, et un clapet de refoulement coopérant avec la tubulure de raccordement, ce clapet étant propre à s'ouvrir pour une pression déterminée dans le cylindre ;
  • un piston inférieur, lié au cylindre par des moyens de liaison en translation, et comportant des moyens d'étanchéité propres à fermer une chambre de volume variable comprise entre le clapet d'aspiration, le corps et le cylindre, le piston inférieur étant traversé par un passage longitudinal, le clapet de refoulement étant monté de manière à pouvoir se déplacer dans le cylindre par rapport à la tubulure, indépendamment du piston inférieur, ledit clapet de refoulement étant rappelé élastiquement vers la tubulure, est caractérisée par le fait que les moyens de liaison entre le piston inférieur et le cylindre comprennent un élément porte-piston, traversé par un passage longitudinal et assurant une liaison rigide entre le cylindre et le piston inférieur, des moyens de décompression étant prévus pour rompre l'étanchéité établie par le piston inférieur en fin de course et permettre, notamment, l'évacuation de l'air pour l'amorçage de la pompe et le remplissage du cylindre en liquide, le porte-piston étant en matériau rigide qui est moulé indépendamment du piston réalise en un matériau plus souple, et par le fait que le piston inférieur comporte un passage central, dans lequel, sensiblement à mi-longueur, des bras portant une tige centrale coaxiale au piston, de plus faible diamètre, des moyens de rappel élastique du cylindre et du piston inférieur étant constitués par un ressort en hélice, dont une extrémité est engagée dans le passage central du piston et prend appui contre les bras radiaux, et dont l'autre extrémité prend appui contre une butée solidaire de la paroi interne du corps.
The present invention aims to eliminate these drawbacks in a pump which, moreover, is of economical and reliable manufacture. According to the invention, a manual precompression pump for spraying under pressure a liquid, in particular a perfume, comprises:
  • a body intended to be fixed on the mouth of a container containing the liquid to be sprayed, this body comprising, at its lower part, a connector for connection to a dip tube, this connector being provided with an anti-suction valve -back;
  • a cylinder capable of sliding in the body under the action of a pusher actuated by a user, against elastic return means, this cylinder being associated, at its upper part, with a connection tube leading to a head spray, and a discharge valve cooperating with the connection pipe, this valve being able to open for a determined pressure in the cylinder;
  • a lower piston, linked to the cylinder by means of connection in translation, and comprising sealing means suitable for closing a chamber of variable volume comprised between the suction valve, the body and the cylinder, the lower piston being traversed by a longitudinal passage, the discharge valve being mounted so as to be able to move in the cylinder relative to the tubing, independently of the lower piston, said discharge valve being biased elastically towards the tubing, is characterized in that the means of connection between the lower piston and the cylinder comprises a piston-carrying element, crossed by a longitudinal passage and ensuring a rigid connection between the cylinder and the lower piston, decompression means being provided to break the seal established by the lower piston in limit switch and allow, in particular, the evacuation of air for priming the pump and filling it wise cylinder in liquid, the piston holder being of rigid material which is molded independently of the piston made of a more flexible material, and by the fact that the lower piston has a central passage, in which, substantially at mid-length, arm carrying a central rod coaxial with the piston, of smaller diameter, elastic return means of the cylinder and of the lower piston being constituted by a helical spring, one end of which is engaged in the central passage of the piston and bears against the arms radial, and the other end of which bears against a stop integral with the internal wall of the body.

Avantageusement, le piston inférieur est formé par un manchon comprenant un passage central, ce manchon comportant, à son extrémité tournée vers le clapet d'aspiration anti-retour, une jupe tronconique d'étanchéité propre à s'appuyer contre la surface interne du corps et, à son autre extrémité, une autre jupe d'étanchéité propre également à s'appuyer contre la surface interne du corps, tandis qu'au moins un trou est prévu dans la paroi du corps, notamment pour l'évacuation de l'air lors de l'amorçage de la pompe, ce trou étant positionne de manière à se trouver en permanence dans l'espace annulaire compris entre les deux jupes d'étanchéité du piston inférieur.Advantageously, the lower piston is formed by a sleeve comprising a central passage, this sleeve comprising, at its end facing the non-return suction valve, a skirt frustoconical sealing suitable for pressing against the internal surface of the body and, at its other end, another sealing skirt also suitable for pressing against the internal surface of the body, while at least one hole is provided in the wall of the body, in particular for the evacuation of air during priming of the pump, this hole being positioned so as to be permanently in the annular space comprised between the two sealing skirts of the piston inferior.

La paroi du corps peut comporter, au-dessus du premier trou, un second trou de reprise d'air.The wall of the body may include, above the first hole, a second air intake hole.

Avantageusement, le clapet de refoulement est agencé pour s'ouvrir dans le sens opposé à l'écoulement du liquide de manière à libérer complètement l'entrée de la tubulure de sortie du cylindre, entrée qui constitue le siège du clapet.Advantageously, the discharge valve is arranged to open in the opposite direction to the flow of liquid so as to completely free the inlet of the cylinder outlet pipe, the inlet which constitutes the seat of the valve.

Ce clapet de refoulement comprend un corps coulissant de manière étanche dans un logement de l'élément porte-piston de diamètre plus faible et une coupelle coulissant de manière étanche dans la chambre du cylindre de diamètre plus important, le clapet étant traversé par au moins un canal longitudinal reliant ses deux faces, de sorte qu'un effet différentiel de la pression, qui agit sur des surfaces différentes entre le haut et le bas du clapet de refoulement, commande l'ouverture de ce clapet.This discharge valve comprises a body sliding in a sealed manner in a housing of the piston-carrying element of smaller diameter and a cup sliding in a sealed manner in the chamber of the cylinder of larger diameter, the valve being traversed by at least one longitudinal channel connecting its two faces, so that a differential effect of the pressure, which acts on different surfaces between the top and the bottom of the discharge valve, controls the opening of this valve.

Le clapet de refoulement est rappelé par un ressort en hélice disposé entre le fond d'un logement prévu dans l'élément porte-piston et le clapet de refoulement.The discharge valve is returned by a helical spring arranged between the bottom of a housing provided in the piston-carrying element and the discharge valve.

Avantageusement, la pompe est équipée d'une buse de pulvérisation propre à créer un tourbillon, cette buse comportant un chapeau percé d'un orifice, monté sur un téton radial, un canal d'amenée du liquide étant prévu entre le téton et le chapeau pour s'ouvrir dans un espace annulaire, tandis que des canaux d'alimentation relient cet espace annulaire à l'orifice ; les canaux d'alimentation ont une forme prismatique dont la section diminue depuis l'espace annulaire jusqu'à la périphérie de l'orifice.Advantageously, the pump is equipped with a spray nozzle suitable for creating a vortex, this nozzle comprising a cap pierced with an orifice, mounted on a radial stud, a liquid supply channel being provided between the stud and the cap. to open in an annular space, while supply channels connect this annular space to the orifice; the supply channels have a prismatic shape whose section decreases from the annular space to the periphery of the orifice.

Les canaux d'alimentation peuvent être ménagés dans le fond du chapeau et délimités latéralement par la face avant plane du téton, l'espace annulaire étant prévu dans la face avant du têton et délimité par le fond périphérique du chapeau.The supply channels can be formed in the bottom of the cap and delimited laterally by the flat front face of the stud, the annular space being provided in the front face of the stud and delimited by the peripheral bottom of the cap.

L'invention consiste, mises à part les dispositions exposées ci-dessus, en un certain nombre d'autres dispositions dont il sera plus explicitement question ci-après à propos d'un exemple de réalisation décrit avec référence aux dessins ci-annexés, mais qui n'est nullement limitatif.The invention consists, apart from the arrangements set out above, of a certain number of other arrangements which will be more explicitly discussed below in connection with an exemplary embodiment. described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but which is in no way limiting.

La figure 1, de ces dessins, est une vue en perspective d'une pompe conforme à l'invention en cours de montage sur l'embouchure d'un récipient, le poussoir n'étant pas encore en place sur la pompe.Figure 1 of these drawings is a perspective view of a pump according to the invention during assembly on the mouth of a container, the pusher not yet in place on the pump.

La figure 2 est une coupe axiale verticale de la pompe selon l'invention, en position de repos.Figure 2 is a vertical axial section of the pump according to the invention, in the rest position.

La figure 3 est une vue semblable à la figure 2, montrant la pompe en cours d'amorçage, avec le poussoir complètement enfoncé.Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, showing the pump being primed, with the plunger fully depressed.

La figure 4 montre, semblablement à la figure 2, la pompe avec le poussoir partiellement enfoncé, en cours de pulvérisation.Figure 4 shows, similarly to Figure 2, the pump with the partially depressed plunger, during spraying.

La figure 5 est une coupe à plus grande échelle d'un détail de la buse de pulvérisation.Figure 5 is an enlarged section of a detail of the spray nozzle.

La figure 6, enfin, est une vue suivant la ligne VI-VI de la figure 5.FIG. 6, finally, is a view along line VI-VI of FIG. 5.

En se reportant aux dessins, notamment aux figures 1 et 2, on peut voir une pompe manuelle 1 à précompression pour la pulvérisation sous pression d'un liquide, notamment d'un parfum, contenu dans un récipient 2, par exemple un flacon, comportant une embouchure 3, généralement de forme cylindrique et munie d'un filetage extérieur.Referring to the drawings, in particular to FIGS. 1 and 2, one can see a manual pump 1 with precompression for spraying under pressure a liquid, in particular a perfume, contained in a container 2, for example a bottle, comprising a mouth 3, generally of cylindrical shape and provided with an external thread.

La pompe 1 comprend un corps 4 destiné à être fixé sur l'embouchure 3. Le corps 4 est formé, dans l'exemple considéré, par une succession de parties cylindrique 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 de diamètres de plus en plus réduits lorsque l'on se déplace du haut vers le bas, selon la représentation des figures 1 et 2.The pump 1 comprises a body 4 intended to be fixed on the mouth 3. The body 4 is formed, in the example considered, by a succession of cylindrical parts 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 of increasingly larger diameters reduced when moving from top to bottom, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

La partie supérieure 5 comporte, à son extrémité haute, une collerette 10 faisant saillie radialement vers l'extérieur, propre à comprimer une rondelle d'étanchéité 11 contre l'extrémité de l'embouchure 3. Le serrage de la collerette contre la rondelle 11 est assuré par un manchon 12, comportant un filetage interne propre à coopérer avec celui de l'embouchure 3, qu'il vient coiffer.The upper part 5 comprises, at its upper end, a flange 10 projecting radially outwards, suitable for compressing a sealing washer 11 against the end of the mouth 3. The tightening of the flange against the washer 11 is provided by a sleeve 12, having an internal thread suitable for cooperating with that of the mouth 3, which it comes to cap.

La partie extrême inférieure 9 du corps 4 a le plus faible diamètre et constitue un embout de raccordement à un tube plongeur 13. La zone de transition entre la partie extrême inférieure 9 et la partie précédente 8 est constituée par une paroi tronconique 14 dont la surface interne constitue le siège d'un clapet d'aspiration anti-retour formé par une bille 15.The lower extreme part 9 of the body 4 has the smallest diameter and constitutes a connection piece for a dip tube 13. The transition zone between the lower extreme part 9 and the preceding part 8 is constituted by a frustoconical wall 14 whose surface internal constitutes the seat of a non-return suction valve formed by a ball 15.

Un cylindre 16 est propre à coulisser dans la partie haute 5 du corps sous l'action d'une poussée exercée sur un bouton 17 formant poussoir, à l'encontre de moyens de rappel élastiques formés par un ressort en hélice 18.A cylinder 16 is able to slide in the upper part 5 of the body under the action of a thrust exerted on a button 17 forming a pusher, against elastic return means formed by a helical spring 18.

Le cylindre 16 comporte, à sa partie supérieure, une tubulure 19, de diamètre réduit, se raccordant à une tête de pulvérisation 20 prévue dans le bouton-poussoir 17.The cylinder 16 has, at its upper part, a tube 19, of reduced diameter, connecting to a spray head 20 provided in the push-button 17.

Un clapet de refoulement 21 est disposé dans le cylindre 16, avec possibilité de coulissement suivant la direction axiale de ce cylindre. Le clapet de refoulement 21 comporte un téton central 22 tronconique propre à venir s'appliquer sur l'entrée 23 de la tubulure 19, qui constitue le siège de ce clapet. La partie supérieure du clapet 21 comprend une coupelle 24 propre à coulisser de manière étanche contre la paroi interne du cylindre 16 ; le clapet 21 se prolonge vers le bas par un noyau 25 de plus petit diamètre que la coupelle 24. Ce noyau 25 est muni à sa partie inférieure d'une jupe 26 propre à établir un coulissement étanche du noyau dans un logement cylindrique 27 d'un élément porte-piston 28 lié, notamment par encliquetage, au cylindre 16.A discharge valve 21 is arranged in the cylinder 16, with the possibility of sliding in the axial direction of this cylinder. The discharge valve 21 includes a central frustoconical stud 22 suitable for being applied to the inlet 23 of the pipe 19, which constitutes the seat of this valve. The upper part of the valve 21 comprises a cup 24 capable of sliding in leaktight manner against the internal wall of the cylinder 16; the valve 21 is extended downwards by a core 25 of smaller diameter than the cup 24. This core 25 is provided at its lower part with a skirt 26 suitable for establishing a sealed sliding of the core in a cylindrical housing 27 of a piston-carrying element 28 linked, in particular by snap-fastening, to the cylinder 16.

Le clapet 21 est traversé par au moins un canal longitudinal 29 reliant sa face inférieure à la face supérieure limitée par la coupelle 24.The valve 21 is crossed by at least one longitudinal channel 29 connecting its lower face to the upper face limited by the cup 24.

Le clapet 21 est sollicité à la fermeture par un ressort en hélice 30 disposé entre le fond du logement 27 et le fond d'un évidement annulaire prévu à la partie inférieure du clapet 21.The valve 21 is urged to close by a helical spring 30 disposed between the bottom of the housing 27 and the bottom of an annular recess provided in the lower part of the valve 21.

On voit ainsi que le clapet 21 est sollicité à la fermeture dans le sens de l'écoulement du liquide qui a lieu de bas en haut. Le clapet 21 s'ouvrira sous l'action différentielle de la pression qui s'exerce sur la surface, plus importante, de la coupelle 24 et sur la section, plus faible, du noyau 21. Lorsque le clapet 21 s'ouvre, le téton 22 libère complètement le passage de la tubulure 19 de sorte que les pertes de charge sont réduites au minimum.It is thus seen that the valve 21 is urged to close in the direction of flow of the liquid which takes place from bottom to top. The valve 21 will open under the differential action of the pressure exerted on the larger surface of the cup 24 and on the smaller section of the core 21. When the valve 21 opens, the pin 22 completely clears the passage of tubing 19 so that the pressure drops are reduced to a minimum.

L'élément porte-piston 28 est traversé par un passage longitudinal 31 cylindrique à sa partie inférieure, et se poursuivant vers le haut, suivant une section décroissante, notamment cruciforme, dont le diamètre du cercle circonscrit diminue progressivement. Le fond du logement 27 comporte des éléments de butée 32 entourés par une extrémité du ressort 30 et servant de centrage à cette extrémité, ces éléments de butée 32 étant traversés par le prolongement du passage 31 et étant séparés les uns des autres par des fentes radiales f, dont l'une au moins est située sensiblement au droit d'un canal 29. Dans ces conditions, lorsque le clapet 21 vient en appui contre les éléments de butée 32, un passage relativement direct subsiste pour le liquide vers le canal 29.The piston-carrying element 28 is traversed by a cylindrical longitudinal passage 31 at its lower part, and continuing upwards, in a decreasing section, in particular cruciform, whose diameter of the circumscribed circle gradually decreases. The bottom of the housing 27 includes stop elements 32 surrounded by one end of the spring 30 and serving as centering at this end, these stop elements 32 being traversed by the extension of the passage 31 and being separated from each other by radial slots f , at least one of which is situated substantially in line with a channel 29. Under these conditions, when the valve 21 comes to bear against the stop elements 32, a relatively direct passage remains for the liquid towards the channel 29.

Le diamètre de l'élément porte-piston 28 est tel que cet élément peut coulisser à l'intérieur de la partie 6 du corps 4. La partie inférieure de l'élément porte-piston 28 est formée par une sorte de tube 33 de diamètre réduit, comportant, sur sa surface extérieure des moyens de liaison, par exemple un filetage, avec un piston inférieur 34.The diameter of the piston-carrying element 28 is such that this element can slide inside the part 6 of the body 4. The lower part of the piston-carrying element 28 is formed by a kind of tube 33 of diameter reduced, comprising, on its outer surface connecting means, for example a thread, with a lower piston 34.

Ce piston inférieur 34 est formé par un manchon traversé par un passage longitudinal central 35. Le piston 34 comporte, sensiblement à mi-longueur de son passage central, des bras 36 s'étendant radialement et formant une sorte d'étoile. Les bras 36 portent une tige centrale 37 coaxiale au manchon, de diamètre inférieur au diamètre du tube 33.This lower piston 34 is formed by a sleeve crossed by a central longitudinal passage 35. The piston 34 comprises, substantially halfway along its central passage, arms 36 extending radially and forming a kind of star. The arms 36 carry a central rod 37 coaxial with the sleeve, with a diameter less than the diameter of the tube 33.

La tige 37 du piston inférieur 34 joue un rôle particulier : elle permet, en effet, de recentrer le ressort 18 pour éviter que celui-ci, en raison de sa longueur, ne subisse un flambage.The rod 37 of the lower piston 34 plays a particular role: it allows, in fact, to refocus the spring 18 to prevent it, due to its length, from undergoing buckling.

Le piston 34 comporte, à sa partie inférieure, des moyens d'étanchéité formés par une jupe tronconique d'étanchéité 38 propre à s'appuyer de manière étanche contre la paroi interne de la partie 7 du corps 4.The piston 34 comprises, at its lower part, sealing means formed by a frustoconical sealing skirt 38 suitable for pressing in a sealed manner against the internal wall of the part 7 of the body 4.

Le piston 34 comporte, à son extrémité supérieure, une autre jupe d'étanchéité 39 propre à s'appuyer contre la surface interne de la partie 6.The piston 34 has, at its upper end, another sealing skirt 39 capable of pressing against the internal surface of the part 6.

Un trou 40 est prévu vers l'extrémité inférieure de la partie 6, légèrement au-dessus de l'étranglement du raccord entre la partie 6 et la partie 7. Ce trou 40 est positionné de manière à se trouver en permanence dans l'espace annulaire compris entre les deux jupes 38 et 39, que le piston 34 occupe la position haute de la figure 2 ou la position basse de la figure 3.A hole 40 is provided towards the lower end of the part 6, slightly above the constriction of the connection between the part 6 and the part 7. This hole 40 is positioned so as to be permanently in the space annular between the two skirts 38 and 39, that the piston 34 occupies the high position of FIG. 2 or the low position of FIG. 3.

Un autre trou 41 de reprise d'air peut être prévu vers l'extrémité supérieure de la partie 6. Ce trou 41 se trouve au-dessous de la jupe 39, lorsque le piston 34 occupe la position haute de la figure 2, et au-dessus de cette jupe 39 lorsque le piston 34 est dans la position basse de la figure 3.Another air intake hole 41 can be provided towards the upper end of the part 6. This hole 41 is located below the skirt 39, when the piston 34 occupies the high position of FIG. 2, and at above this skirt 39 when the piston 34 is in the low position of FIG. 3.

Le ressort de rappel 18 est engagé dans le piston 34 pour prendre appui contre l'étoile formée par les bras 36. A son autre extrémité, le ressort 18 est en appui contre un siège s, en saillie radiale vers l'intérieur de la surface interne de la partie 8. Ce siège, à l'intérieur duquel la bille 15 peut se déplacer, comporte à sa partie haute un rebord interne propre à retenir la bille 15, alors qu'elle est écartée de la paroi 14.The return spring 18 is engaged in the piston 34 to bear against the star formed by the arms 36. At its other end, the spring 18 bears against a seat s , projecting radially towards the inside of the internal surface of the part 8. This seat, inside which the ball 15 can be move, has at its upper part an internal rim adapted to retain the ball 15, while it is spaced from the wall 14.

La partie 7 comporte, à son extrémité inférieure, sur sa surface interne, un palier de décompression 42 formé notamment par des nervures longitudinales, espacées angulairement les unes des autres, faisant saillie vers l'intérieur. Lorsque la jupe 38 vient coopérer avec ce palier de décompression 42, l'étanchéité établie entre la jupe 38 et la paroi de la partie 7 est rompue et une communication s'établit entre le volume intérieur du piston 34 et la chambre annulaire entourant le piston 34.Part 7 comprises, at its lower end, on its internal surface, a decompression bearing 42 formed in particular by longitudinal ribs, angularly spaced from one another, projecting inwards. When the skirt 38 comes to cooperate with this decompression bearing 42, the seal established between the skirt 38 and the wall of the part 7 is broken and a communication is established between the internal volume of the piston 34 and the annular chamber surrounding the piston 34.

Afin que la jupe 38 du piston 34 ne soit abimée par les paliers de décompression 42, cette dernière est fabriquée en un matériau relativement souple, tel que le PEBD (polyéthylène basse densité). Le piston supérieur 21 est réalisé dans la même matière.So that the skirt 38 of the piston 34 is not damaged by the decompression bearings 42, the latter is made of a relatively flexible material, such as LDPE (low density polyethylene). The upper piston 21 is made of the same material.

Par contre, le pièce porte-piston 28 est en matériau relativement rigide, tel que le polypropylène ou le PEHD (polyéthylène haute densité).On the other hand, the piston-carrying part 28 is made of a relatively rigid material, such as polypropylene or HDPE (high density polyethylene).

Les pièces 28 et 34 sont donc moulées séparément et sont indépendantes l'une de l'autre.Parts 28 and 34 are therefore molded separately and are independent of each other.

La tête de pulvérisation 20 va être maintenant considérée plus en détail:The spray head 20 will now be considered in more detail:

Comme visible sur la figure 2, cette tête comprend le poussoir 17 emmanché sur la tubulure 19 et venant en butée contre un prolongement de la paroi extérieure du cylindre 16. La tête 20 comprend un pion central 43 de diamètre inférieur à l'extrémité supérieure de la tubulure 19 dans laquelle il est engagé pour déterminer des passages annulaires permettant au liquide d'arriver jusqu'à la buse de sortie 44.As can be seen in FIG. 2, this head comprises the pusher 17 fitted on the pipe 19 and coming into abutment against an extension of the outer wall of the cylinder 16. The head 20 comprises a central pin 43 of diameter less than the upper end the tube 19 in which it is engaged to determine annular passages allowing the liquid to reach the outlet nozzle 44.

Cette buse 44 comprend un chapeau 45 (voir figure 5), percé d'un orifice central 46 centré au sommet d'une cavité tronconique. Le chapeau 45 est enfilé sur un téton radial 47 de la tête 20.This nozzle 44 comprises a cap 45 (see FIG. 5), pierced with a central orifice 46 centered at the top of a frustoconical cavity. The cap 45 is threaded onto a radial stud 47 of the head 20.

Un canal 48 d'arrivée du liquide à pulvériser est prévu entre le téton radial 47 et le chapeau 45 pour déboucher dans un espace annulaire 49 prévu à l'extrémité avant du téton 47. Cet espace annulaire 49 est relié au trou central 46 par des canaux 50 (figure 6) prévus dans le fond du chapeau 45.A channel 48 for the arrival of the liquid to be sprayed is provided between the radial stud 47 and the cap 45 to open into an annular space 49 provided at the front end of the stud 47. This annular space 49 is connected to the central hole 46 by channels 50 (FIG. 6) provided in the bottom of the cap 45.

Les canaux 50, comme visible sur la figure 6, sont limités par deux parois qui convergent, sensiblement tangentes à la circonférence de la base du trou 46, de sorte que la section de chaque canal diminue depuis l'espace annulaire 49 jusqu'à la circonférence de la cavité tronconique.The channels 50, as visible in FIG. 6, are limited by two converging walls, substantially tangent to the circumference of the base of the hole 46, so that the section of each channel decreases from the annular space 49 to the circumference of the frustoconical cavity.

Les canaux 50 sont délimités, latéralement, par la face avant plane du téton 47. L'espace annulaire 49, ménagé dans la face avant de ce téton 47, est délimité par la paroi cylindrique du chapeau 45 lorsqu'il est en place sur le téton.The channels 50 are delimited, laterally, by the flat front face of the stud 47. The annular space 49, formed in the front face of this stud 47, is delimited by the cylindrical wall of the cap 45 when it is in place on the nipple.

En variante, les canaux 50 pourraient être ménagés dans la face avant du téton radial 47.As a variant, the channels 50 could be provided in the front face of the radial stud 47.

Les canaux 50 sont avantageusement au nombre de six, régulièrement espacés.Channels 50 are advantageously six in number, regularly spaced.

Ceci étant, le fonctionnement de la pompe à précompression, selon l'invention, est le suivant.That said, the operation of the precompression pump according to the invention is as follows.

Au repos, la pompe est dans la position représentée sur la figure 2, le corps 4 contenant de l'air, le liquide se trouvant dans le récipient 2.At rest, the pump is in the position shown in FIG. 2, the body 4 containing air, the liquid being in the container 2.

L'utilisateur doit, tout d'abord, de manière classique, amorcer la pompe, c'est-à-dire assurer le remplissage du corps 4 en liquide, l'air étant chassé.The user must, first of all, in a conventional manner, prime the pump, that is to say ensure the filling the body 4 with liquid, the air being expelled.

Pour cela, l'utilisateur doit appuyer plusieurs fois, généralement trois ou quatre fois sur le bouton-poussoir 17.For this, the user must press several times, generally three or four times on the push button 17.

Lorsque l'utilisateur appuie sur le bouton-poussoir 17, alors que le corps 4, et notamment la partie 7, sont remplis d'air, l'ensemble du cylindre 16, de l'élément porte-piston 28 et du piston 34 sont enfoncés dans le corps 4 ; le clapet 21 suit le mouvement en restant fermé. L'air enfermé dans le corps 4 est comprimé.When the user presses the push button 17, while the body 4, and in particular the part 7, are filled with air, the whole of the cylinder 16, of the piston-carrying element 28 and of the piston 34 are sunk into body 4; the valve 21 follows the movement while remaining closed. The air enclosed in the body 4 is compressed.

En fin de course vers le bas (voir figure 3), la jupe tronconique 38 du piston 34 rencontre le palier de décompression 42, ce qui provoque la rupture de l'étanchéité et permet à l'air comprimé de s'échapper autour de la jupe 38 dans le passage annulaire situé à l'extérieur du piston 34, et de passer, par le trou 40, dans le récipient 2.At the end of the downward stroke (see FIG. 3), the frustoconical skirt 38 of the piston 34 meets the decompression bearing 42, which causes the seal to break and allows the compressed air to escape around the skirt 38 in the annular passage located outside the piston 34, and to pass, through the hole 40, into the container 2.

Lorsque l'utilisateur relâche sa poussée sur le bouton 17, le ressort 18 provoque la remontée du piston 34 et donc du cylindre 16 et du poussoir 17. Une dépression se crée dans le corps 4, et particulièrement dans la partie 7, ce qui provoque l'ouverture du clapet d'aspiration 15 et la montée d'une certaine quantité de liquide dans le corps 4.When the user releases his push on the button 17, the spring 18 causes the piston 34 and therefore the cylinder 16 and the pusher 17 to rise. A depression is created in the body 4, and in particular in the part 7, which causes the opening of the suction valve 15 and the rise of a certain amount of liquid in the body 4.

Après trois ou quatre actions sur le poussoir 17, l'utilisateur aura assuré le remplissage en liquide du corps 4.After three or four actions on the pusher 17, the user will have filled the body 4 with liquid.

A partir de ce moment, lorsque l'utilisateur appuie sur le poussoir 17, comme illustré sur la figure 4, l'enfoncement du cylindre 16 et donc de l'élément 28 et du piston 34, provoque une montée rapide en pression du liquide contenu dans le corps 4.From this moment, when the user presses the plunger 17, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the depression of the cylinder 16 and therefore of the element 28 and of the piston 34, causes a rapid rise in pressure of the liquid contained in the body 4.

Le clapet 21 va s'ouvrir dès que la pression agissant sur la section différentielle du clapet est suffisante pour vaincre l'action du ressort 30. Le liquide sous pression va alors s'écouler à travers la tubulure 19 en direction de la buse 44 et sera pulvérisé. Dans son recul, le clapet 21 est stoppé par un appui franc contre la butée 32, ce qui contribue à une bonne régularité de dose.The valve 21 will open as soon as the pressure acting on the differential section of the valve is sufficient to overcome the action of the spring 30. The pressurized liquid will then flow through the tubing 19 towards the nozzle 44 and will be sprayed. In its retreat, the valve 21 is stopped by a frank support against the stop 32, which contributes to a good regularity of dose.

L'écoulement du liquide se produit de manière directe à travers le passage du piston 34, de l'élément 28 et du canal 29 ; en outre, le clapet 21 en s'ouvrant recule par rapport à la tubulure 19 et libère complètement l'entrée de cette tubulure dans laquelle ne fait plus saillie le téton 22.The flow of liquid occurs directly through the passage of the piston 34, the element 28 and the channel 29; in addition, the valve 21, when opening, recedes relative to the tube 19 and completely frees the entry of this tube in which the stud 22 no longer projects.

Le déplacement du clapet 21 s'effectue sans entraîner de déplacement du piston 34 et le ressort 30 est choisi uniquement en fonction de la pression d'ouverture souhaitée pour le clapet 21. La différence de section entre la coupelle 24 et le noyau 25 du clapet peut être choisie selon le type de fonctionnement souhaité pour le clapet 21.The displacement of the valve 21 takes place without causing displacement of the piston 34 and the spring 30 is chosen only as a function of the opening pressure desired for the valve 21. The difference in section between the cup 24 and the core 25 of the valve can be chosen according to the type of operation desired for the valve 21.

Il est à noter que, lors de l'actionnement de la pompe, l'utilisateur n'a à vaincre en dehors de la poussée du liquide, essentiellement, que le ressort 18 (dont le tarage peut être faible), pour enfoncer le cylindre 16 et le piston 34. Il en résulte une grande facilité de fonctionnement. La pulvérisation est assurée dans de bonnes conditions grâce à l'agencement de la tête de pulvérisation 20.It should be noted that, when the pump is actuated, the user only has to overcome outside the thrust of the liquid, essentially, that the spring 18 (whose calibration may be low), to push the cylinder 16 and the piston 34. This results in great ease of operation. Spraying is ensured under good conditions thanks to the arrangement of the spraying head 20.

La pompe de l'invention présente, de plus, une grande douceur de fonctionnement, ainsi qu'une brusque chute de la force de manipulation F (exercée sur le poussoir 17) que l'utilisateur rencontre en fin de course.The pump of the invention also has a great smoothness of operation, as well as a sudden drop in the handling force F (exerted on the pusher 17) that the user encounters at the end of the stroke.

La douceur de fonctionnement est assimilable à la force de manipulation F qui est définie de la façon suivante :
   F = P.S + T18 + frottement
avec

T18
égal à la tension du ressort 18,
S
égal à la section effective du piston 34 (section interne du corps 4 dans la partie 7 diminuée de la section de passage du liquide à l'intérieur du piston 34)
P
égale à la pression du liquide.
The smooth operation is comparable to the handling force F which is defined as follows:
F = PS + T18 + friction
with
T18
equal to the tension of spring 18,
S
equal to the effective section of the piston 34 (internal section of the body 4 in the part 7 minus the section for passage of the liquid inside the piston 34)
P
equal to the pressure of the liquid.

En fin de course du piston 34, le terme P.S devient égal à zéro, en raison de l'action de palier de décompression 42 qui annule la pression P, d'où la douceur de manipulation.At the end of the stroke of the piston 34, the term P.S becomes equal to zero, due to the action of decompression bearing 42 which cancels the pressure P, hence the smooth handling.

Claims (11)

  1. A manual precompression pump for the pressurised spraying of a liquid, especially a perfume, comprising:
    - a body (4) intended to be fixed on the opening (3) of a container containing the liquid to be sprayed, this body (4) comprising in its lower portion, an end fitting (9) for connection to a tubular plunger (13), this end fitting (9) being provided with a nonreturn suction valve (15);
    - a cylinder (16) capable of sliding in the body (4) under the action of a push-button (17) actuated by a user against resilient return means, this cylinder being associated in its upper portion with a connection tube (19) leading to a spray head (20), and a delivery valve (21) cooperating with the connection tube (19), this valve (21) being capable of opening at a predetermined pressure in the cylinder;
    - a lower piston (34) connected to the cylinder by translational fastening means and comprising sealing means capable of closing a chamber of variable volume comprised between the suction valve (15), the body (4) and the cylinder (16), the lower piston (34) being traversed by a longitudinal passage (35), the delivery valve (21) being mounted so as to be capable of displacement in the cylinder (16) relative to the tube (19) independently of the lower piston (34), the said delivery valve being returned by resilient action towards the tube (19),
       characterized in that the connection means between the lower piston (34) and the cylinder (16) include a piston holder element (28) traversed by a longitudinal passage (31) and ensuring a rigid connection between the cylinder (16) and the lower piston (34), provision being made for decompression means (42) to break the seal established by the lower piston at the end of the stroke, and making it possible, in particular, to discharge air for the priming of the pump and to fill the cylinder (16) with liquid, the piston holder (28) being made of a rigid material which is moulded independently of the piston (34) which is made of a more flexible material, and in that the lower piston (34) comprises a central passage (35) in which, substantially halfway along, arms (36) extend radially and form a kind of star, these arms (36) carrying a central stem (37) coaxial with the piston (34), of smaller diameter, resilient means for the return of the cylinder (16) and of the lower piston (34) being constituted by a helical spring (18), one end whereof is engaged in the central passage of the piston (34) and bears against the radial arms (36), and whose other end bears against a stop (s) integral with the internal wall of the body (4).
  2. A pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower piston (34) is formed by a sleeve comprising a central passage (35), the said sleeve comprising at its end turned towards the nonreturn suction valve (15), a frustoconical sealing skirt (38) capable of bearing against the internal surface of the body (4) and, at its other end, another sealing skirt (39) also capable of bearing against the internal surface of the body (4), whilst provision is made for at least one hole (40) in the body wall, in particular for the discharge of air during the priming of the pump (1), this hole (40) being positioned so as to be permanently located in the annular space comprised between the two sealing skirts (38, 39) of the lower piston (34).
  3. A pump according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the wall of the body (4) includes, above the first hole (40), a second hole (41) for the readmission of air.
  4. A pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the delivery valve (21) is arranged so as to open in the direction opposite to the flow of the liquid so as to release completely the inlet of the outlet tube (19) of the cylinder (16), which inlet constitutes the seat of the valve.
  5. A pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the delivery valve (21) includes a body sliding in a leakproof manner in a housing (27) of the piston holder element (28) with a smaller diameter, and a cup (24) sliding in a leakproof manner in the chamber of the cylinder with a larger diameter, the valve (21) being traversed by at least one longitudinal duct (29) connecting its two faces, so that a differential pressure effect acting on the different surfaces between the top and the base of the delivery valve (21) actuates the opening of this valve.
  6. A pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the delivery valve (21) is restored by a helical spring (30) disposed between the base of the housing (27) provided in the piston holder element (28) and the delivery valve (21).
  7. A pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the longitudinal passage (31) traversing the piston holder element (28) is cylindrical in its lower portion and is continued towards the top along a decreasing cross-section, a cruciform cross-section in particular.
  8. A pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base of the housing (27) provided in the piston holder element for the delivery valve (21) includes stop elements (32).
  9. A pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower part of the piston holder element (28) is formed by a type of tube (33) comprising on its external surface means for connection to the lower piston (34).
  10. A pump according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is fitted with a spray nozzle (44) capable of creating a swirl, this nozzle (44) comprising a cap (45) pierced by an opening (46) and mounted on a radial stud (47), a duct (48) for feeding the liquid being provided on the stud (47) to open into an annular space (49), feeder ducts (50) connecting this annular space (49) to the opening (46), the feeder ducts (50) having a prismatic shape whose cross-section decreases from the annular space (49) as far the periphery of the opening (46).
  11. A pump according to claim 10, characterized in that the feeder ducts (50) are arranged in the top of the cap (45) and, are laterally defined by the flat front face of the stud (47), the annular space (49) being provided in the front face of the stud (47) and being delimited by the peripheral base of the cap (45).
EP90403622A 1990-01-10 1990-12-17 Precompression hand pump for the spraying of a liquid, in particular a perfume Expired - Lifetime EP0437131B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9000226A FR2656900B1 (en) 1990-01-10 1990-01-10 MANUAL PRECOMPRESSION PUMP FOR SPRAYING A LIQUID, ESPECIALLY A PERFUME.
FR9000226 1990-01-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0437131A1 EP0437131A1 (en) 1991-07-17
EP0437131B1 true EP0437131B1 (en) 1993-09-08

Family

ID=9392643

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90403622A Expired - Lifetime EP0437131B1 (en) 1990-01-10 1990-12-17 Precompression hand pump for the spraying of a liquid, in particular a perfume

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0437131B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06345115A (en)
CA (1) CA2033518A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69003232T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2044500T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2656900B1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1251684B (en) * 1991-10-11 1995-05-19 Carlo Mancini MANUALLY OPERATED PUMP TO DISPENSE LIQUID OR CREAMY SUBSTANCES AT CONSTANT PRESSURE AND PERFORMANCE.
ES2075783B1 (en) * 1992-03-02 1997-02-01 Monturas Sa EXTERNAL CONTACT PRESERVATIVE DISPENSING PUMP.
US5358179A (en) * 1993-08-18 1994-10-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Atomization systems for high viscosity products
FR2721285B1 (en) 1994-06-20 1996-08-02 Oreal Manual precompression pump for spraying a liquid and distribution assembly equipped with such a pump.
JP3720054B2 (en) * 1994-10-26 2005-11-24 株式会社吉野工業所 Trigger type liquid dispenser
FR2727162B1 (en) 1994-11-23 1996-12-20 Oreal MANUAL PREPRESSURE PUMP FOR SPRAYING A LIQUID AND DISPENSING ASSEMBLY PROVIDED WITH SUCH A PUMP
US5622317A (en) * 1994-12-12 1997-04-22 Contico International, Inc. Pressure buildup trigger sprayer
WO1996022924A1 (en) * 1995-01-27 1996-08-01 Yoshino Kogyosho Co., Ltd. Liquid jet pump
CA2184849A1 (en) * 1995-09-27 1997-03-28 Donald D. Foster Liquid dispenser with trigger sprayer
US5697530A (en) * 1996-01-29 1997-12-16 Monturas, S.A. Precompression pump sprayer
FR2892158B1 (en) * 2005-10-17 2011-10-21 Valois Sas FLUID PRODUCT DELIVERY PUMP
JP5833007B2 (en) 2009-08-31 2015-12-16 ドクター・レディーズ・ラボラトリーズ・リミテッド Topical preparations containing steroids
DE102011101898A1 (en) * 2011-05-18 2012-11-22 Meadwestvaco Calmar Gmbh Fluidaustragkopf
FR3005431B1 (en) * 2013-05-13 2017-10-06 Aptar France Sas FLUID PRODUCT DISPENSER.
US20160184431A1 (en) 2014-03-11 2016-06-30 Promius Pharma Llc Topical compositions comprising a corticosteroid
CN112938151A (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-06-11 沈利庆 Push type imbibition pump
JP6918256B1 (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-08-11 竹本容器株式会社 Vertical pump unit for liquid storage container
CN218056508U (en) * 2022-09-13 2022-12-16 广东尼特包装制品有限公司 Spraying pump
CN115716572A (en) * 2022-04-29 2023-02-28 广东尼特包装制品有限公司 Pressure storage type spray pump, spray device and continuous spray method

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US4183449A (en) * 1978-01-09 1980-01-15 The Afa Corporation Manually operated miniature atomizer
US4305530A (en) * 1978-01-23 1981-12-15 Yoshino Kogyosho Co., Ltd. Liquid atomizer
JPS6032505B2 (en) * 1979-03-19 1985-07-29 株式会社吉野工業所 liquid sprayer
JPS61905Y2 (en) * 1979-06-28 1986-01-13
JPS5756066A (en) * 1980-09-22 1982-04-03 Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd Spray
DE3722469A1 (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-01-19 Pfeiffer Erich Gmbh & Co Kg HAND-OPERATED DISCHARGE DEVICE FOR MEDIA

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2656900B1 (en) 1994-01-28
EP0437131A1 (en) 1991-07-17
JPH06345115A (en) 1994-12-20
DE69003232T2 (en) 1994-04-28
ES2044500T3 (en) 1994-01-01
DE69003232D1 (en) 1993-10-14
CA2033518A1 (en) 1991-07-11
FR2656900A1 (en) 1991-07-12

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