EP0686987B1 - Device for reversing commutation of a drive motor - Google Patents

Device for reversing commutation of a drive motor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0686987B1
EP0686987B1 EP95108616A EP95108616A EP0686987B1 EP 0686987 B1 EP0686987 B1 EP 0686987B1 EP 95108616 A EP95108616 A EP 95108616A EP 95108616 A EP95108616 A EP 95108616A EP 0686987 B1 EP0686987 B1 EP 0686987B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuating
contact
changeover
drive motor
actuating element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95108616A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0686987A1 (en
Inventor
Richard Beuter
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ABB Patent GmbH
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ABB Patent GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0686987A1 publication Critical patent/EP0686987A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00—Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/02—Details
    • H01H21/18—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H21/22—Operating parts, e.g. handle
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/80—User interfaces
    • E05Y2400/85—User input means
    • E05Y2400/852—Sensors
    • E05Y2400/856—Actuation thereof
    • E05Y2400/858—Actuation thereof by body parts
    • E05Y2400/86—Actuation thereof by body parts by hand
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO HINGES OR OTHER SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS AND DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION, CHECKS FOR WINGS AND WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/50—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles
    • E05Y2900/53—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for vehicles characterised by the type of wing
    • E05Y2900/55—Windows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H21/00—Switches operated by an operating part in the form of a pivotable member acted upon directly by a solid body, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H21/02—Details
    • H01H21/18—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H01H21/22—Operating parts, e.g. handle
    • H01H2021/225—Operating parts, e.g. handle with push-pull operation, e.g. which can be pivoted in both directions by pushing or pulling on the same extremity of the operating member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/006—Application power roofs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/01—Application power window

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1 (DE-A-40 12 399).
  • Switches are known which are mounted in the center or on one side and which have preferred directions when inadvertently actuated. With these switches, however, an unintentional, triggered by accidental contact closing the closure part, so z. B. a window or sunroof, can not be prevented.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device according to the preamble of claim 1, with which it is possible to prevent accidental, unwanted actuations of the switch, especially in the closing direction.
  • a skilful design of the actuating element associated with the key switch at least for the switching position required for closing the closure part, provides a preferred direction which precludes accidental, unwanted actuation.
  • the key switch is provided with a third switch position, in which it switches both poles of the drive motor to a common potential, an actuating force which triggers this switch position going nowhere, because the drive motor does not receive any voltage despite the switchover.
  • the actuating element has bearings on two sides, and is designed such that three preferred directions arise with respect to the respective actuating force, each of which leads to a specific switching position with the corresponding direction of the actuating force.
  • a contact arrangement constructed symmetrically with respect to the two-sided bearing is advantageous.
  • the actuating element by means of its two-sided mounting, enables an actuating stroke that runs on both sides in parallel or on one side in accordance with the actuating direction, so that two changeover contacts of the pushbutton switch can be switched over together or one of both.
  • a first actuating element is accordingly constructed in such a way that a first actuating surface forms an acute angle with the installation plane of the key switch and, like the leg with a lying V, moves away from the installation plane in such a way that, apart from the first actuation surface lying on the top of the leg, on it Underside a second actuation area is accessible.
  • the key switch should preferably be set up so that the closing function of the closure part is triggered via the second actuating surface, since accidental touching of this somewhat hidden actuating surface is virtually impossible.
  • actuating element to be essentially T-shaped or mushroom-shaped and for a first and a second actuating surface to be provided on its underside facing the installation plane of the key switch. Since an actuating force leading away from the installation level must be exerted on both actuating surfaces, their direction becomes coincidentally acting As a rule, forces coming from above do not correspond. In contrast, it is ensured that all the random actuating forces acting in the direction of the installation level lead to a common switching of the two switching contacts.
  • the actuating element In order to generally ward off accidental forces coming from the side with an unforeseeable direction of action, it is advantageous to surround the actuating element with a frame which only allows very specific access to the first and second actuating surface, e.g. B. with the help of a finger.
  • an actuating stroke can be exerted via the actuating element, it is arranged to be movable perpendicular to the installation plane in two journal bearings on the lower part of the key switch.
  • two control parts transmit the actuating stroke to one or both changeover contacts in accordance with the respective actuation direction, which rest on a first contact in the rest position and on a second contact during actuation. Since the changeover contacts are designed as spring snap contacts, a very small actuation stroke in the direction of the installation level is sufficient to effect a changeover. Accidental actuations therefore regularly lead to a common actuation of both changeover contacts, so that a current flow through the drive motor is prevented.
  • the button T has an actuating element 1 which is adapted to its mode of operation and which projects beyond an installation level E.
  • the actuating element 1 is connected to the lower part of the key switch T via two oval journal bearings 8, 9, which extend vertically to the installation plane E, and journal pins 10, 11 which can be displaced therein. It is a question of the structural design whether the bearing journals 10, 11 or the journal bearings 8, 9 are assigned to the actuating element 1.
  • the contacting part of the key switch T is constructed symmetrically up to the journal bearings 8, 9, so that to the left and right of the center line a switch of the same design and function is provided.
  • Both changeover switches have a changeover contact 2, 3, which is carried by a snap spring, which in turn is held in spring bearings 4, 5.
  • the actuating element 1 is operatively connected via a control part 6, 7 to the associated changeover contact 2, 3, so that an actuation stroke exercised moves the respective changeover contact 2, 3 from its rest position, in which it rests on a first contact 14, 15 to a changeover position can snap, in which he contacts a second contact 12, 13 as long as the operating force is applied. If the actuating force ceases, the changeover contact tilts back into its rest position.
  • actuating element 1 In its rest position, the actuating element 1 is kept in balance by the springs of the changeover contacts 2, 3 via the control parts 6, 7 and pressed against the upper limit of the journal bearings 8, 9. Due to its special shape corresponding to a lying V, a first actuating surface C1 is created on the upper side of the leg that spreads at an acute angle from the installation plane and a second actuating surface C2 on its underside. There remains an actuation area C3, which has no meaning for the function of the key switch T, but is only significant in connection with accidental, unwanted actuation forces.
  • the actuating forces F1 to F4 acting on the individual actuating surfaces C1, C2, C3 of the actuating element 1 should trigger very specific switching positions, which are to be explained according to the circuit diagram in Figure 2.
  • a two-pole switch T between a drive motor M and a voltage source U.
  • both poles A, B of the drive motor M are connected via contacts 14, 15 to the negative potential of the voltage source U.
  • the drive motor M thus receives no current.
  • one of the two poles A, B is switched to a second contact 12, 13 via the associated changeover contact 2, 3, it is connected to the plus potential of the voltage source U via this contact and a current can flow through the drive motor.
  • the direction of current flow and thus the direction of rotation of the drive motor M depends on whether pole A or pole B is switched. It is assumed that switching pole A to second contact 12 causes any closure part, such as a window or sunroof, to close, while switching pole B to second contact 13 opens the closure part again.
  • a common changeover of both changeover contacts 2, 3 would, in contrast, place both poles A, B at the plus potential of the voltage source U, and thus leave the drive motor in the rest position.
  • the above-described closing function is triggered by the actuating force F2.
  • a pivoting movement must take place around the right-hand bearing journal 11, which enables the actuating element 1 an actuation stroke in the region of the bearing journal 10 and thus causes the changeover contact 2 to switch over.
  • the opening function is brought about by an actuating force F1, which leads to pivoting around the bearing journal 10 and enables an actuation stroke in the region of the bearing journal 11 and thus switches over the changeover contact 3.
  • Actuating forces F3, F4 emanating from accidental contact cause a parallel actuation stroke in the area of both bearings and thus switch over both changeover contacts 2, 3 together.
  • an actuating force F2 coming obliquely from below is required to trigger the closing function, which normally cannot occur due to accidental contact.
  • a protective frame 16 which basically excludes lateral actuating forces.
  • a further improvement can be achieved in that, on the one hand, the closing function and, on the other hand, the opening function are triggered via the actuating surfaces C4, C2, which are only accessible by targeted access to generate the actuating forces F8, F9, so that accidental contact forces F5 , F6, F7 remain without influence on these actuating surfaces C2, C4.
  • the suitable T-shaped or mushroom-shaped design of the actuating element 1 must allow easy access with one or two fingers so that the actuating forces F8, F9 coming obliquely from below can be easily exerted.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 (DE-A-40 12 399).The invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1 (DE-A-40 12 399).

Eine Automatisierung von Schließvorrichtungen fördert einerseits die Bequemlichkeit, birgt andererseits aber die Gefahr von Verletzungen. Dies gilt insbesondere für Schließvorrichtungen bei Kraftfahrzeugen, da sich der Fahrzeugführer beim Fahren primär auf den Verkehr konzentriert und durch ungewolltes Betätigen der Schließvorrichtungen für sich und seine Mitfahrer eine nicht unerhebliche Gefährdung auslösen. So ist es leicht möglich, daß beim Schließen eines Fensters oder Schiebedachs Körperteile eingeklemmt und ggf. auch verletzt werden.Automation of locking devices on the one hand promotes convenience, but on the other hand harbors the risk of injury. This applies in particular to locking devices in motor vehicles, since the driver concentrates primarily on the traffic while driving and, by unintentionally actuating the locking devices, poses a not inconsiderable danger to himself and his passengers. So it is easily possible that when closing a window or sunroof, body parts get trapped and possibly injured.

Bekannt sind Schalter, die mittig oder einseitig gelagert sind und bei unbeabsichtigtem Betätigen Vorzugsrichtungen aufweisen. Mit diesen Schaltern kann jedoch ein unbeabsichtigtes, durch zufällige Berührung ausgelöstes Schließen des Verschlußteils, also z. B. eines Fensters oder Schiebedachs, nicht verhindert werden.Switches are known which are mounted in the center or on one side and which have preferred directions when inadvertently actuated. With these switches, however, an unintentional, triggered by accidental contact closing the closure part, so z. B. a window or sunroof, can not be prevented.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 zu schaffen, mit der es gelingt, zufällige, ungewollte Betätigungen des Umschalttasters vor allem in Schließrichtung, zu verhindern.The object of the invention is to provide a device according to the preamble of claim 1, with which it is possible to prevent accidental, unwanted actuations of the switch, especially in the closing direction.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen des Erfindungsgegenstandes sind in den Unteransprüchen genannt.This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1. Appropriate refinements and developments of the subject matter of the invention are mentioned in the subclaims.

Erfindungsgemäß gelingt es durch eine geschickte Ausbildung des zum Tastumschalter gehörigen Betätigungselementes, zumindest für die zum Schließen des Verschlußteils erforderliche Schaltstellung, eine Vorzugsrichtung vorzusehen, die zufällige, ungewollte Betätigungen ausschließt. Weiterhin ist der Tastumschalter mit einer dritten Schaltstellung versehen, bei der er beide Pole des Antriebsmotors auf ein gemeinsames Potential umschaltet, wobei dann eine Betätigungskraft, die diese Schaltstellung auslöst, ins Leere geht, weil sich der Antriebsmotor trotz erfolgter Umschaltung keine Spannung erhält. Dieser Aufbau schafft die Voraussetzung dafür, daß durch zufällige Berührung ausgelöste Betätigungskräfte mit der Vorzugsrichtung für ins Leere gehende Betätigungen übereinstimmen.According to the invention, a skilful design of the actuating element associated with the key switch, at least for the switching position required for closing the closure part, provides a preferred direction which precludes accidental, unwanted actuation. Furthermore, the key switch is provided with a third switch position, in which it switches both poles of the drive motor to a common potential, an actuating force which triggers this switch position going nowhere, because the drive motor does not receive any voltage despite the switchover. This structure creates the prerequisites for the fact that actuation forces triggered by accidental contact match the preferred direction for actuations going into space.

In zweckmäßiger Weiterbildung des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist vorgesehen, daß das Betätigungselement zweiseitig Lager besitzt, und so ausgebildet ist, daß bezüglich der jeweiligen Betätigungskraft drei Vorzugsrichtungen entstehen, von denen jede bei entsprechender Richtung der Betätigungskraft zu einer bestimmten Schaltstellung führt. Eine in Bezug auf das zweiseitige Lager symmetrisch aufgebaute Kontaktanordnung, ist dabei von Vorteil.In an expedient development of the subject matter of the invention, it is provided that the actuating element has bearings on two sides, and is designed such that three preferred directions arise with respect to the respective actuating force, each of which leads to a specific switching position with the corresponding direction of the actuating force. A contact arrangement constructed symmetrically with respect to the two-sided bearing is advantageous.

Weiterhin ist vorgesehen, dem Betätigungselement durch seine zweiseitige Lagerung einen der Betätigungsrichtung entsprechenden beidseitig parallellaufenden oder jeweils einseitigen Betätigungshub zu ermöglichen, so daß zwei Umschaltkontakte des Tastumschalters gemeinsam oder jeweils einer von beiden umgeschaltet werden können.Furthermore, it is provided that the actuating element, by means of its two-sided mounting, enables an actuating stroke that runs on both sides in parallel or on one side in accordance with the actuating direction, so that two changeover contacts of the pushbutton switch can be switched over together or one of both.

Durch eine entsprechende Formgebung des Betätigungselementes gelingt es, daß zufällige, ungewollte Betätigungen des Betätigungselementes in Richtung eines parallellaufenden Betätigungshubs wirken, während zumindest der zu einem Schließen des Verschlußteils führende Betätigungshub einer sich in seiner Richtung deutlich unterscheidenden Betätigungskraft bedarf.By appropriate shaping of the actuating element, it is possible for accidental, unwanted actuations of the actuating element to act in the direction of a parallel actuating stroke, while at least the actuating stroke leading to the closure of the closure part requires an actuating force which differs significantly in its direction.

Für die Formgebung des Betätigungselementes sind verschiedene Varianten denkbar, die jedoch im wesentlichen darin übereinstimmen, daß es zum einseitigen Umschalten in der einen oder anderen Richtung eines Schwenkens des Betätigungselementes um eine seiner beiden Lagerstellen bedarf, wo dann die andere Lagerstelle den jeweiligen Betätigungshub ermöglicht. Die Betätigungsflächen und die auf sie einwirkenden Betätigungskräfte müssen entsprechend angeordnet sein. Ein erstes Betätigungselement ist dementsprechend so aufgebaut, daß eine erste Betätigungsfläche mit der Einbauebene des Tastumschalters einen spitzen Winkel bildet und dabei wie der Schenkel bei einem liegenden V sich so von der Einbauebene entfernt, daß außer der auf der Oberseite des Schenkels liegenden ersten Betätigungsfläche auf seiner Unterseite noch eine zweite Betätigungsfläche zugänglich ist. Der Tastumschalter ist dabei vorzugsweise so aufzubauen, daß gerade über die zweite Betätigungsfläche ein Auslösen der Schließfunktion des Verschlußteils erfolgt, da ein zufälliges Berühren dieser etwas verborgenen Betätigungsfläche so gut wie ausgeschlossen ist.Various variants are conceivable for the shaping of the actuating element, but they essentially agree in that one-sided switching in one direction or the other requires pivoting of the actuating element about one of its two bearing points, where the other bearing point then enables the respective actuation stroke. The actuating surfaces and the actuating forces acting on them must be arranged accordingly. A first actuating element is accordingly constructed in such a way that a first actuating surface forms an acute angle with the installation plane of the key switch and, like the leg with a lying V, moves away from the installation plane in such a way that, apart from the first actuation surface lying on the top of the leg, on it Underside a second actuation area is accessible. The key switch should preferably be set up so that the closing function of the closure part is triggered via the second actuating surface, since accidental touching of this somewhat hidden actuating surface is virtually impossible.

Das ungewollte Ausüben einer Betätigungskraft auf die erste Betätigungsfläche, über die ein Öffnen des Verschlußteils herbeigeführt wird, ist unkritisch, da beim Öffnen keine Einklemmgefahr besteht. Um jedoch auch ein unerwünschtes Öffnen zu vermeiden, ist in einer Weiterbildung des Erfindungsgegenstandes vorgesehen, das Betätigungselement im wesentlichen T-förmig oder pilzförmig zu gestalten und auf seiner der Einbauebene des Tastumschalters zugewandten Unterseite, eine erste und eine zweite Betätigungsfläche vorzusehen. Da auf beide Betätigungsflächen eine von der Einbauebene wegführende Betätigungskraft ausgeübt werden muß, wird deren Richtung mit zufällig wirkenden in der Regel von oben kommenden Kräften nicht korrespondieren. Demgegenüber ist dafür gesorgt, daß alle in Richtung auf die Einbauebene wirkenden zufälligen Betätigungskräfte zu einem gemeinsamen Umschalten der beiden Umschaltkontakte führen.The unwanted exertion of an actuating force on the first actuating surface, by means of which the closure part is opened, is not critical, since there is no risk of being pinched when it is opened. However, in order to avoid undesired opening, a further development of the subject matter of the invention provides for the actuating element to be essentially T-shaped or mushroom-shaped and for a first and a second actuating surface to be provided on its underside facing the installation plane of the key switch. Since an actuating force leading away from the installation level must be exerted on both actuating surfaces, their direction becomes coincidentally acting As a rule, forces coming from above do not correspond. In contrast, it is ensured that all the random actuating forces acting in the direction of the installation level lead to a common switching of the two switching contacts.

Um zufällige, von der Seite kommende Kräfte mit einer nicht vorhersehbaren Wirkrichtung grundsätzlich abzuwehren, ist es von Vorteil, das Betätigungselement mit einem Rahmen zu umgeben, der nur einen ganz gezielten Zugriff zur ersten und zweiten Betätigungsfläche, z. B. mit Hilfe eines Fingers ermöglicht.In order to generally ward off accidental forces coming from the side with an unforeseeable direction of action, it is advantageous to surround the actuating element with a frame which only allows very specific access to the first and second actuating surface, e.g. B. with the help of a finger.

Damit über das Betätigungselement ein Betätigungshub ausgeübt werden kann, ist dieses senkrecht zur Einbauebene in zwei Zapfenlager beweglich auf dem Unterteil des Tastumschalters angeordnet. Ausgehend von dem Betätigungselement übertragen zwei Steuerteile entsprechend der jeweiligen Betätigungsrichtung den Betätigungshub auf einen oder beide Umschaltkontakte, die in Ruhestellung an einem ersten Kontakt und während einer Betätigung an einem zweiten Kontakt anliegen. Da die Umschaltkontakte als Federschnappkontakte ausgebildet sind, genügt bereits ein sehr kleiner Betätigungshub in Richtung der Einbauebene, um ein Umschalten zu bewirken. Zufällige Betätigungen führen also regelmäßig zu einer gemeinsamen Betätigung beider Umschaltkontakte, so daß ein Stromfluß durch den Antriebsmotor verhindert wird.So that an actuating stroke can be exerted via the actuating element, it is arranged to be movable perpendicular to the installation plane in two journal bearings on the lower part of the key switch. Starting from the actuating element, two control parts transmit the actuating stroke to one or both changeover contacts in accordance with the respective actuation direction, which rest on a first contact in the rest position and on a second contact during actuation. Since the changeover contacts are designed as spring snap contacts, a very small actuation stroke in the direction of the installation level is sufficient to effect a changeover. Accidental actuations therefore regularly lead to a common actuation of both changeover contacts, so that a current flow through the drive motor is prevented.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines für die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung geeigneten Tastumschalters,
Fig. 2
ein Schaltbild zum reversierenden Umschalten eines Antriebsmotors mit Hilfe des Tastumschalters nach Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine alternative Ausbildung des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Betätigungselementes.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings and will be described in more detail below. Show it:
Fig. 1
the basic structure of a key switch suitable for the device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
1 shows a circuit diagram for reversing switching of a drive motor using the push-button switch according to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
an alternative embodiment of the actuating element shown in Fig. 1.

Wie Fig. 1 erkennen läßt, besitzt der Taster T ein seiner Wirkungsweise angepaßtes Betätigungselement 1, das über eine Einbauebens E hinausragt. Das Betätigungselement 1 ist über zwei sich vertikal zur Einbauebene E erstreckende ovale Zapfenlager 8, 9 und in diesen verschiebbare Lagerzapfen 10, 11 mit dem Unterteil des Tastumschalters T verbunden. Es ist dabei ein Frage des konstruktiven Aufbaus, ob die Lagerzapfen 10, 11 oder die Zapfenlager 8, 9 dem Betätigungselement 1 zugeordnet sind.As can be seen in FIG. 1, the button T has an actuating element 1 which is adapted to its mode of operation and which projects beyond an installation level E. The actuating element 1 is connected to the lower part of the key switch T via two oval journal bearings 8, 9, which extend vertically to the installation plane E, and journal pins 10, 11 which can be displaced therein. It is a question of the structural design whether the bearing journals 10, 11 or the journal bearings 8, 9 are assigned to the actuating element 1.

Der kontaktgebende Teil des Tastumschalters T ist bis zu den Zapfenlagern 8, 9 symmetrisch aufgebaut, so daß links und rechts der Mittellinie jeweils ein gleich aufgebauter und gleich wirkender Umschalter vorgesehen ist. Beide Umschalter besitzen einen Umschaltkontakt 2, 3, der von einer Schnappfeder getragen wird, die ihrerseits in Federlagern 4, 5 gehalten ist. Das Betätigungselement 1 steht über je ein Steuerteil 6, 7 mit dem zugehörigen Umschaltkontakt 2, 3 in Wirkverbindung, so daß ein ausgeübter Betätigungshub den jeweiligen Umschaltkontakt 2, 3 von seiner Ruhestellung, in der er an einem ersten Kontakt 14, 15 anliegt in eine Umschaltstellung schnappen läßt, in der er einen zweiten Kontakt 12, 13 solange kontaktiert, solange die Betätigungskraft anliegt. Beim Wegfall der Betätigungskraft kippt der Umschaltkontakt in seine Ruhestellung zurück.The contacting part of the key switch T is constructed symmetrically up to the journal bearings 8, 9, so that to the left and right of the center line a switch of the same design and function is provided. Both changeover switches have a changeover contact 2, 3, which is carried by a snap spring, which in turn is held in spring bearings 4, 5. The actuating element 1 is operatively connected via a control part 6, 7 to the associated changeover contact 2, 3, so that an actuation stroke exercised moves the respective changeover contact 2, 3 from its rest position, in which it rests on a first contact 14, 15 to a changeover position can snap, in which he contacts a second contact 12, 13 as long as the operating force is applied. If the actuating force ceases, the changeover contact tilts back into its rest position.

Das Betätigungselement 1 wird in seiner Ruhestellung durch die Federn der Umschaltkontakte 2, 3 über die Steuerteile 6, 7 in Waage gehalten und an die obere Begrenzung der Zapfenlager 8, 9 gedrückt. Durch seine besondere Formgebung entsprechend einem liegenden V entsteht eine erste Betätigungsfläche C1 auf der Oberseite des sich im spitzen Winkel von der Einbauebene abspreizenden Schenkels und eine zweite Betätigungsfläche C2 auf seiner Unterseite. Es bleibt noch eine Betätigungsfläche C3, die aber für die Funktion des Tastumschalters T keine Bedeutung hat, sondern nur in Verbindung mit zufälligen, ungewollten Betätigungskräften von Bedeutung ist.In its rest position, the actuating element 1 is kept in balance by the springs of the changeover contacts 2, 3 via the control parts 6, 7 and pressed against the upper limit of the journal bearings 8, 9. Due to its special shape corresponding to a lying V, a first actuating surface C1 is created on the upper side of the leg that spreads at an acute angle from the installation plane and a second actuating surface C2 on its underside. There remains an actuation area C3, which has no meaning for the function of the key switch T, but is only significant in connection with accidental, unwanted actuation forces.

Die auf die einzelnen Betätigungsflächen C1, C2, C3 des Betätigungselementes 1 wirkenden Betätigungskräfte F1 bis F4 sollen jeweils ganz betimmte Schaltstellungen auslösen, die nach dem Schaltbild in Figur 2 zu erläutern sind. Hiernach liegt ein zweipoliger Tastumschalter T zwischen einem Antriebsmotor M und einer Spannungsquelle U. In der Ruhestellung des Tastumschalters T liegen beide Pole A, B des Antriebsmotors M über die Kontakte 14, 15 an Minuspotential der Spannungsquelle U. Der Antriebsmotor M erhält somit keinen Strom. Wird jedoch einer der beiden Polen A, B über den zugehörigen Umschaltkontakt 2, 3 auf einen zweiten Kontakt 12, 13 umgeschaltet, so wird er über diesen Kontakt mit dem Pluspotential der Spannungsquelle U verbunden und es kann ein Strom durch den Antriebsmotor fließen. Die Stromflußrichtung und damit die Drehrichtung des Antriebsmotors M ist davon abhängig, ob der Pol A oder der Pol B umgeschaltet wird. Es sei angenommen, daß ein Umschalten des Pols A auf den zweiten Kontakt 12 das Schließen eines beliebigen Verschlußteils, wie eines Fensters oder Schiebedachs bewirkt, während das Umschalten des Pols B auf den zweiten Kontakt 13 das Verschlußteil wieder öffnet. Ein gemeinsames Umschalten beider Umschaltkontakte 2, 3 würde demgegenüber beide Pole A, B auf Pluspotential der Spannungsquelle U legen, und somit den Antriebsmotor in Ruhestellung belassen.The actuating forces F1 to F4 acting on the individual actuating surfaces C1, C2, C3 of the actuating element 1 should trigger very specific switching positions, which are to be explained according to the circuit diagram in Figure 2. According to this, there is a two-pole switch T between a drive motor M and a voltage source U. In the rest position of the switch T, both poles A, B of the drive motor M are connected via contacts 14, 15 to the negative potential of the voltage source U. The drive motor M thus receives no current. However, if one of the two poles A, B is switched to a second contact 12, 13 via the associated changeover contact 2, 3, it is connected to the plus potential of the voltage source U via this contact and a current can flow through the drive motor. The direction of current flow and thus the direction of rotation of the drive motor M depends on whether pole A or pole B is switched. It is assumed that switching pole A to second contact 12 causes any closure part, such as a window or sunroof, to close, while switching pole B to second contact 13 opens the closure part again. A common changeover of both changeover contacts 2, 3 would, in contrast, place both poles A, B at the plus potential of the voltage source U, and thus leave the drive motor in the rest position.

Bei gleichen Bezugszeichen für die in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Kontakte wird die vorbeschriebene Schließfunktion durch die Betätigungskraft F2 ausgelöst. Hierbei muß eine Schwenkbewegung um den rechtsseitigen Lagerzapfen 11 erfolgen, die dem Betätigungselement 1 einen Betätigungshub im Bereich des Lagerzapfens 10 ermöglicht und damit ein Umschalten des Umschaltkontaktes 2 bewirkt. Demgegenüber wird die Öffnungsfunktion durch eine Betätigungskraft F1 herbeigeführt, die zu einem Schwenken um den Lagerzapfen 10 führt und einen Betätigungshub im Bereich des Lagerzapfens 11 ermöglicht und damit den Umschaltkontakt 3 umschaltet. Von zufälligen Berührungen ausgehende Betätigungskräfte F3, F4 bewirken einen parallelen Betätigungshub im Bereich beider Lager und schalten somit beide Umschaltkontakte 2, 3 gemeinsam um.With the same reference numerals for the contacts shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the above-described closing function is triggered by the actuating force F2. In this case, a pivoting movement must take place around the right-hand bearing journal 11, which enables the actuating element 1 an actuation stroke in the region of the bearing journal 10 and thus causes the changeover contact 2 to switch over. In contrast, the opening function is brought about by an actuating force F1, which leads to pivoting around the bearing journal 10 and enables an actuation stroke in the region of the bearing journal 11 and thus switches over the changeover contact 3. Actuating forces F3, F4 emanating from accidental contact cause a parallel actuation stroke in the area of both bearings and thus switch over both changeover contacts 2, 3 together.

Zum Auslösen der Schließfunktion ist nach Fig. 1 somit eine schräg von unten kommende Betätigungskraft F2 erforderlich, die durch zufällige Berührung normalerweise nicht entstehen kann. Um die zwar seltenen, aber in ihrer Auswirkung nicht sicher vorhersehbaren seitlichen Berührungen zu verhindern, ist es von Vorteil, das Betätigungselement mit einem schützenden Rahmen 16 zu umgeben, der seitliche Betätigungskräfte grundsätzlich ausschließt.1, an actuating force F2 coming obliquely from below is required to trigger the closing function, which normally cannot occur due to accidental contact. In order to prevent the side contacts, which are rare but cannot be reliably foreseen in their effect, it is advantageous to surround the actuating element with a protective frame 16, which basically excludes lateral actuating forces.

Nach Fig. 3 läßt sich eine weitere Verbesserung dadurch erzielen, daß einerseits die Schließfunktion und andererseits die Öffnungsfunktion über die Betätigungsflächen C4, C2 ausgelöst werden, die nur durch einen gezielten Zugriff zur Erzeugung der Betätigungskräfte F8, F9 zugänglich sind, so daß zufällige Berührungskräfte F5, F6, F7 ohne Einfluß auf diese Betätigungsflächen C2, C4 bleiben. Die hierfür geeignete T-förmige oder pilzförmige Getaltung des Betätigungselementes 1 muß eine bequemen Zugriff mit einem oder zwei Fingern ermöglichen, so daß die schräg von unten kommenden Betätigungskräfte F8, F9 leicht ausgeübt werden können.According to FIG. 3, a further improvement can be achieved in that, on the one hand, the closing function and, on the other hand, the opening function are triggered via the actuating surfaces C4, C2, which are only accessible by targeted access to generate the actuating forces F8, F9, so that accidental contact forces F5 , F6, F7 remain without influence on these actuating surfaces C2, C4. The suitable T-shaped or mushroom-shaped design of the actuating element 1 must allow easy access with one or two fingers so that the actuating forces F8, F9 coming obliquely from below can be easily exerted.

Claims (9)

  1. Device for reversing a drive motor (M) in the closing or opening direction, in particular for use in motor vehicles for actuating the closing part in window lifters, sliding and sliding/rising roofs, having a momentary-contact changeover switch (T) which lies between the drive motor (M) and a voltage source (U) and permits a changeover of the direction of current flow through the drive motor (M), the momentary-contact changeover switch (T) being of double-pole design and applying the drive motor (M) with both poles to the same potential of the voltage source (U) in neutral position and changing over the first pole (A) of the drive motor (M) to another potential in a first switching position and the second pole (B) of the drive motor (M) to another potential in a second switching position, characterized in that the momentary-contact changeover switch (T), depending on the direction of the actuating force (F1 to F9), can also assume a third switching position in which it changes over the first pole (A) and the second pole (B) of the drive motor (M) together to the other potential, and in that the momentary-contact changeover switch (T) has an actuating element (1) which is designed in such a way that at least the switching position effecting the closing of the closing part requires an actuating direction which cannot be obtained by accidental, involuntary contact.
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuating element (1) has bearings (8, 9) on two sides, which are preferably arranged symmetrically, and in that the actuating element (1) is designed in such a way that three preferred directions with regard to the respective actuating force (F1 to F9) are obtained, of which each leads to a certain switching position for a corresponding direction of the actuating force (F1 to F9).
  3. Device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the bearing arrangement of the actuating element (1) on two sides enables the actuating element (1) to perform an actuating stroke, which corresponds to the actuating direction and runs in parallel on both sides or is in each case on one side, in such a way that two changeover contacts (2, 3) of the momentary-contact changeover switch (T) can be changed over together or in each case only one of the two can be changed over.
  4. Device according to either of the preceding Claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the actuating element (1) is formed in such a way that accidental, involuntary actuations of the actuating element initiate an actuating force acting in the direction of an actuating stroke running in parallel, whereas at least one of the two actuating strokes on one side, in particular the actuating stroke leading to closing of the closing part, requires an actuating force acting at least partly in the opposite direction.
  5. Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that a first actuating surface (C1) of the actuating element (1) forms an acute angle with the installation plane (E) of the momentary-contact changeover switch (T) and, like the leg of a reclining V, thereby diverges from the installation plane in such a way that, in addition to the first actuating surface (C1) lying on the top side of the leg, a second actuating surface (C2) is also accessible on its underside.
  6. Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the actuating element (1) is of essentially T-shaped or mushroom-shaped design and has a first (C4) and a second (C2) actuating surface on its underside facing the installation plane (E) of the momentary-contact changeover switch (T), and the actuating force (F8, F9) leading in each case away from the installation plane (E) and acting on one of the two actuating surfaces in each case changes over one of the two changeover contacts (2, 3) of the momentary-contact changeover switch (T), and the accidental actuating forces (F5 to F7) acting in the direction of the installation plane (E) lead to a joint changeover of the two changeover contacts (2, 3).
  7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating element (1) is surrounded by a frame (16), which as flank protection repels accidental forces coming from the side.
  8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating element (1) can perform an actuating stroke perpendicularly to the installation plane (E) by means of two pivot bearings (8 to 11), and the actuating stroke, in accordance with the respective actuating direction, is transmitted only on one side to one of two control parts or to both control parts (6, 7), each control part (6, 7) acting on a changeover contact (2, 3), which bears against a first contact (14, 15) in the neutral position and against a second contact (12, 13) during an actuation.
  9. Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the changeover contact (2, 3) is designed as a snap-action spring contact, so that even a very small actuating stroke effects a changeover.
EP95108616A 1994-06-10 1995-06-06 Device for reversing commutation of a drive motor Expired - Lifetime EP0686987B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4420363A DE4420363A1 (en) 1994-06-10 1994-06-10 Device for reversing switching of a drive motor
DE4420363 1994-06-10

Publications (2)

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EP0686987A1 EP0686987A1 (en) 1995-12-13
EP0686987B1 true EP0686987B1 (en) 1997-11-26

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EP95108616A Expired - Lifetime EP0686987B1 (en) 1994-06-10 1995-06-06 Device for reversing commutation of a drive motor

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DE (2) DE4420363A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2112583T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19911317A1 (en) * 1999-03-13 2000-09-28 Braun Gmbh Operating method for an electrical device with turn-on protection comprises push-button marking a motor switch with first pulse and one/breaker of turn-on flank with a second pulse of the same off switch

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3081390A (en) * 1960-01-11 1963-03-12 Lasar William Safety switch device
DE1584053A1 (en) * 1966-07-23 1970-02-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for opening and closing windows, doors, sliding roofs and the like, especially of vehicles
JPS62106Y2 (en) * 1979-07-20 1987-01-06
EP0172869B1 (en) * 1984-03-06 1988-10-05 Webasto AG Fahrzeugtechnik Actuator for an openable vehicle roof
DE3623636A1 (en) * 1986-07-12 1988-01-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Operating device for a tumbler switch
NL8702194A (en) * 1987-09-15 1989-04-03 Vermeulen Hollandia Octrooien OPERATING DEVICE FOR A MOVABLE PART FOR CLOSING OR RELEASING AN OPENING.
DE3736400A1 (en) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-11 Reitter & Schefenacker Kg Safety device for movable parts, preferably for window raisers and sun roofs of motor vehicles
JPH02136940U (en) * 1989-04-19 1990-11-15
DE4012547A1 (en) * 1989-04-19 1990-10-25 Tokai Rika Co Ltd Switching device for controlling multi-function actuator - has compact switch assembly with single operating button for selection of any of four operating modes
DE4010468A1 (en) * 1990-03-31 1991-10-02 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Switching device for drive elements of shutting parts - has operating switch in form of sensing switch subjected to self-resetting force in end position
DE9111806U1 (en) * 1991-09-20 1993-01-28 Farmont, Rolf, Dr., 4000 Duesseldorf, De
DE4222366A1 (en) * 1992-07-08 1994-01-13 Vdo Schindling Electrical motor operated vehicle door safety mechanism to prevent operation by children - has central driver operation to cause mechanical interlock to move to position where door lock cannot be operated
DE9210078U1 (en) * 1992-07-27 1993-11-25 Siemens Ag Control unit for driving an opening lock of a motor vehicle
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DE9300358U1 (en) * 1993-01-13 1993-03-04 Meteor Gummiwerke K. H. Baedje Gmbh & Co, 3205 Bockenem, De

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EP0686987A1 (en) 1995-12-13
DE4420363A1 (en) 1995-12-14
ES2112583T3 (en) 1998-04-01
DE59501026D1 (en) 1998-01-08

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