EP0686370A1 - Suction apparatus - Google Patents

Suction apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0686370A1
EP0686370A1 EP95106893A EP95106893A EP0686370A1 EP 0686370 A1 EP0686370 A1 EP 0686370A1 EP 95106893 A EP95106893 A EP 95106893A EP 95106893 A EP95106893 A EP 95106893A EP 0686370 A1 EP0686370 A1 EP 0686370A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
suction
opening
pipe
suction pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95106893A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0686370B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Hentzschel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electrostar Schottle & Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Electrostar Schottle & Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electrostar Schottle & Co GmbH filed Critical Electrostar Schottle & Co GmbH
Publication of EP0686370A1 publication Critical patent/EP0686370A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0686370B1 publication Critical patent/EP0686370B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/08—Pneumatically dislodging or taking-up undesirable matter or small objects; Drying by heat only or by streams of gas; Cleaning by projecting abrasive particles
    • E01H1/0809—Loosening or dislodging by blowing ; Drying by means of gas streams
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/02—Nozzles
    • A47L9/08—Nozzles with means adapted for blowing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/08—Pneumatically dislodging or taking-up undesirable matter or small objects; Drying by heat only or by streams of gas; Cleaning by projecting abrasive particles
    • E01H2001/0881—Details for pneumatically dislodging or removing not related to the mouth-piece
    • E01H2001/089—Suction-effect created through blowing, e.g. using the venturi effect

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)

Abstract

The end (1) of the suction tube (2) incorporates a prim. air duct (4) to an injector nozzle (8) discharging air into the interior (11) of the tube. A parallel duct (5) supplies air from the blower to an outlet (13) at an acute angle (x) to the plane (17) of the tube end. The angle is wide enough to ensure that sec. air can always be drawn through he slot (20) to maintain a sweeping effect int he direction of the prim. flow for capture of material not well suited to pneumatic handling (e.g chestnuts). <IMAGE>

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung hat eine Saugvorrichtung mit einem eine Luftansaugöffnung und eine Luftaustrittsöffnung aufweisenden Saugrohr zum Gegenstand, das im Bereich seiner Luftansaugöffnung eine mit einer Druckquelle verbundene, in der Saugrichtung gerichtete Injektordüse aufweist, aus der Primärluft in das Saugrohr einströmt.The subject of the present invention is a suction device with a suction pipe which has an air suction opening and an air outlet opening and which, in the region of its air suction opening, has an injector nozzle connected to a pressure source and directed in the suction direction, from which primary air flows into the suction pipe.

Bei einer solchen mit einer derartigen Injektordüse ausgestatteten Saugvorrichtung wird das Saugrohr mit seiner Luftansaugöffnung in einem solchen Abstand über die abzusaugende Fläche hinweggeführt, daß noch immer eine ausreichende Menge Sekundärluft in das Saugrohr einströmt und so das auf der abzusaugenden Fläche befindliche Sauggut mitreißt. Wird bei diesem Saugvorgang das Saugrohr jedoch zu weit gegen die abzusaugende Fläche abgesenkt und sitzt dieses mit seiner Lufteintrittsöffnung satt auf dieser Fläche auf, so wird der weitere Zutritt von Sekundärluft in das Saugrohr unterbrochen, so daß nur noch die aus dr Injektordüse austretende Primärluft durch das Saugrohr abströmt. Der eigentlich durchzuführende Saugvorgang ist damit unterbrochen.In such a suction device equipped with such an injector, the suction pipe is guided with its air suction opening at such a distance over the surface to be suctioned that a sufficient amount of secondary air still flows into the suction pipe and so that on the suction Suction surface located entrains. If, during this suction process, the suction pipe is lowered too far against the surface to be extracted and the air inlet opening sits snugly on this surface, the further entry of secondary air into the suction pipe is interrupted, so that only the primary air exiting from the injector nozzle is interrupted by the Suction pipe flows out. The suction process that is actually to be carried out is thus interrupted.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es nunmehr, diesen beim bodennahen Einsatz des Saugrohres immr noch auftretenden Nachteil zu beseitigen und die erfindungsgemäße Saugvorrichtung so auszubilden, daß auch bei einem Aufsitzen der Saugrohre des auf der abzusaugenden Fläche immer noch eine ausreichende Menge Sekundärluft in das Saugrohr eintritt und ein wirkungsvolles Saugen gewährleistet ist.The object of the present invention is now to eliminate this disadvantage, which still occurs when the suction pipe is used near the ground, and to design the suction device according to the invention such that, even when the suction pipes are seated on the surface to be suctioned, a sufficient amount of secondary air still enters the suction pipe and effective suction is guaranteed.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß sich im Bereich der Luftansaugöffnung des Saugrohres in demselben eine zusätzliche Lufteintrittsöffnung befindet, durch die auch beim Aufsetzen des freien Saugrohrendes auf der abzusaugenden Fläche noch immer eine für den Saugvorgang ausreichende Menge Sekundärluft in das Saugrohr eintritt, welche den weiteren Saugvorgang aufrechterhält. Diese zusätzliche Luftansaugöffnung kann dabei beispielsweise durch eine in der Wandung des Saugrohres angebrachte Bohrung, Aussparung od. dgl. gebildet sein.This object is achieved in that in the area of the air intake opening of the suction pipe there is an additional air inlet opening through which, even when the free end of the suction pipe is placed on the surface to be extracted, a sufficient amount of secondary air for the suction process enters the suction pipe, which the continued suction. This additional air intake opening can be formed, for example, by a bore, recess or the like made in the wall of the intake pipe.

Bei einer anderen Gestaltung dieser Erfindung wird diese zusätzliche Luftansaugöffnung durch eine Abwinkelung der die Stirnkante der Luftansaugöffnung begrenzenden Ebene gebildet, wobei dann diese Abwinkelung zweckdienlich auf einen Randbereich dieser durch die Sirnkante der Luftansaugöffnung bestimmten Ebene begrenzt ist.In another embodiment of this invention, this additional air intake opening is created by angling the front edge of the air intake opening delimiting plane, in which case this bend is expediently limited to an edge region of this plane determined by the front edge of the air intake opening.

Ist das Saugrohr dieser erfindungsgemäßen Saugvorrichtung zusätzlich noch mit einem mit einer Druckluftquelle verbundenen, Blasluft zuführenden Luftkanal ausgestattet, so befindet sich die Abwinkelung dieser die Stirnkante der Luftabsaugöffnung begrenzenden Ebene vorteilhaft im Bereich der Luftaustrittsöffnung dieses Blasluftkanales, dessen dem Saugrohrinneren zugekehrte Innenwand dann zur Bildung der erforderlichen Lufteintrittsöffnung gegenüber der Stirnkante der Luftansaugöffnung in das Rohrinnere zurückgesetzt ist.If the suction pipe of this suction device according to the invention is additionally equipped with an air duct which supplies blown air and is connected to a compressed air source, the angle of this plane delimiting the front edge of the air suction opening is advantageously located in the area of the air outlet opening of this blown air duct, the inner wall of which is directed towards the interior of the suction pipe to form the necessary ones Air inlet opening is set back in the pipe interior opposite the front edge of the air intake opening.

Weitere Einzelheiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung einer beispielsweisen Ausführungsform sowie den sich hieran anschließenden Ansprüchen.Further details of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an exemplary embodiment and the claims which follow.

Die beigefügte Zeichnung zeigt den Längsschnitt des bodenseitigen Endes 1 eines zu einer nicht besonders dargestellten Saugvorrichtung gehörigen Saugrohres 2, dessen Luftansaugöffnung mit 3 bezeichnet ist. Dieses Saugrohr 2 ist mit zwei axial gerichteten Luftkanälen 4 und 5 ausgestattet, durch die in Richtung der Pfeile 6 bzw. 7 von einer zu der Saugvorrichtung gehörigen und ebenfalls nicht besonders dargestellten Luftdruckquelle Druckluft zugeführt wird. Der Luftkanal 4 weist dabei eine Injektordüse 8 auf, durch die die durch diesen Luftkanal 4 zugeführte Primärluft in Richtung des Pfeiles 9 und damit etwa in der Saugrichtung 10 in das Innere 11 des Saugrohres 2 eingeblasen und so die durch die Luftansaugöffnung 3 in das Saugrohr 2 eintretende Sekundärluft 12 mitgerissen wird.The accompanying drawing shows the longitudinal section of the bottom end 1 of a suction pipe 2 belonging to a suction device (not particularly shown), the air suction opening of which is designated by 3. This suction pipe 2 is equipped with two axially directed air channels 4 and 5, through which compressed air is supplied in the direction of arrows 6 and 7, respectively, from an air pressure source belonging to the suction device and also not particularly shown. The air duct 4 has an injector nozzle 8 through which the primary air supplied through this air duct 4 blown in the direction of arrow 9 and thus approximately in the direction of suction 10 into the interior 11 of the suction pipe 2 and so the secondary air 12 entering the suction pipe 2 through the air suction opening 3 is entrained.

Was nun den anderen, ebenfalls axial gerichteten Luftkanal 5 betrifft, so wird durch diesen in Richtung des Pfeiles 7 Blasluft zugeführt, die durch die stirnseitige Luftaustrittsöffnung 13 den Luftkanal 5 verläßt und in Richtung der Pfeile 14 auf den mit 15 bezeichneten Boden trifft.As far as the other, also axially directed, air duct 5 is concerned, blown air is fed through it in the direction of arrow 7, which leaves the air duct 5 through the front air outlet opening 13 and meets the floor denoted by 15 in the direction of arrows 14.

Wie sich weiter aus der Zeichnung ergibt, so ist die durch die die Luftansaugöffnung 3 umgebende Stirnkante 16 des Saugrohres 2 bestimmte Ebene 17 im Bereich der Luftaustrittsöffnung 13 des der Zuführung von Blasluft dienenden Luftkanales 5 um den Winkel x nach oben abgewinkelt. Durch diese Maßnahme sitzt das Saugrohrende 1, wenn das Saugrohr 2 gegen den Boden 15 abgesenkt wird, nur mit den Teilen 18 und 19 seiner Stirnkante 16 auf dem Boden 15 auf, die schlitzartige Luftaustrittsöffnung 13 des Luftkanales 5 dagegen wird durch den Boden 15 nicht abgedeckt und bleibt frei. Damit aber kann auch bei einem satten Aufsitzen des Saugrohrendes 1 auf dem Boden 15 über die noch offene, dieser Luftaustrittsöffnung 13 benachbarte schlitzartige Lufteintrittsöffnung 20 immer noch eine ausreichende Menge Sekundärluft in das Saugrohr 2 eintreten, um den weiteren Saugvorgang aufrechtzuerhalten. Die in Pfeilrichtung strömende Sekundärluft bewirkt außerdem eine "Kehrwirkung" in Richtung Primärluftaustritt (8); d.h. Transport von Sauggut zum energiereichen Luftförderband. Dieses bodennahe Saugen ist besonders geeignet zur Erfassung von pneumatisch schwierig zu förderndem Sauggut, z.B. Kastanien etc.; also allen Gegenständen, welche infolge geringer Luftangriffsfläche eigentlich nur vom energiereichen Luftförderband transportiert werden können. Darin liegt der Vorteil des schwerkraftorientierten Luftförderbandes.As can further be seen from the drawing, the plane 17 determined by the end edge 16 of the suction pipe 2 surrounding the air intake opening 3 is angled upward by the angle x in the region of the air outlet opening 13 of the air duct 5 which serves for the supply of blown air. As a result of this measure, the suction pipe end 1, when the suction pipe 2 is lowered against the floor 15, rests on the floor 15 only with the parts 18 and 19 of its end edge 16, the slot-like air outlet opening 13 of the air duct 5, however, is not covered by the floor 15 and remains free. However, even with a full seat of the suction pipe end 1 on the floor 15, a sufficient amount of secondary air can still enter the suction pipe 2 via the still open, slot-like air inlet opening 20 adjacent to this air outlet opening 13 in order to maintain the further suction process. The secondary air flowing in the direction of the arrow also causes a "sweeping effect" in the direction of the primary air outlet (8); ie transport of suction material to the high-energy air conveyor belt. This suction close to the ground is particularly suitable for the detection of pneumatically difficult to convey suction material, eg chestnuts etc .; So all objects that can only be transported by the high-energy air conveyor belt due to the small air attack area. This is the advantage of the gravity-oriented air conveyor belt.

Um dabei das Einströmen dieser Sekundärluft in das Saugrohr 2 nicht zu behindern, ist die Stirnkante 21 der inneren Wandung 22 dieses Luftkanales 5 gegenüber der abgewinkelten Außenkante 23 der Lufteintrittsöffnung 20 um das Maß a zurückgesetzt. Hierdurch bleibt die Luftdurchtrittsöffnung 24 frei, durch welche die Sekundärluft unbehindert in Richtung des Pfeiles 25 in das Saugrohr 2 einströmen kann.In order not to hinder the inflow of this secondary air into the intake manifold 2, the end edge 21 of the inner wall 22 of this air duct 5 is set back by the dimension a relative to the angled outer edge 23 of the air inlet opening 20. As a result, the air passage opening 24 remains free, through which the secondary air can flow freely into the suction pipe 2 in the direction of the arrow 25.

Claims (5)

Saugvorrichtung mit einem eine Luftansaugöffnung und eine Luftaustrittsöffnung aufweisenden Saugrohr, das im Bereich seiner Luftansaugöffnung eine mit einer Druckquelle verbundene, in der Saugrichtung gerichtete Injektordüse aufweist, aus der Primärluft in das Saugrohr einströmt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich im Bereich der Luftansaugöffnung (3) in dem Saugrohr (2) eine zusätzliche Lufteintrittsöffnung (20) befindet.Suction device with a suction pipe having an air suction opening and an air outlet opening, which in the area of its air suction opening has an injector nozzle connected to a pressure source and directed in the suction direction, from which primary air flows into the suction pipe, characterized in that in the area of the air suction opening (3) the intake manifold (2) has an additional air inlet opening (20). Saugvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die die zusätzliche Luftansaugöffnung durch eine in der Wandung des Saugrohres (2) eingebrachte Bohrung, Aussparung od. dgl. gebildet ist.Suction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional air suction opening is formed by a bore, recess or the like which is made in the wall of the suction pipe (2). Saugvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zusätzliche Luftansaugöffnung (20) durch eine Abwinkelung (x) der die Stirnkante (16) der Luftansaugöffnung (3) begrenzenden Ebene (17) gebildet ist.Suction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional air intake opening (20) is formed by an angled portion (x) of the plane (17) delimiting the end edge (16) of the air intake opening (3). Saugvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abwinkelung (x) der die Stirnkante (16) der Luftansaugöffnung (3) begrenzenden Ebene (17) auf einen Randbereich (23) derselben begrenzt ist.Suction device according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle (x) of the plane (17) delimiting the end edge (16) of the air intake opening (3) is limited to an edge region (23) thereof. Saugvorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 mit einem mit einer Druckluftquelle verbundenen Blasluft zuführenden Luftkanal, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich die Abwinkelung (x) der die Stirnkante (16) der Luftabsaugöffnung (3) begrenzenden Ebene (17) im Bereich der Luftaustrittsöffnung (13) des Blasluftkanals (5) befindet, dessen dem Saugrohrinneren zugekehrte Innenwand (22) zur Bildung einer Luftdurchtrittsöffnung (24) gegenüber der Stirnkante (33) der Luftansaugöffnung (3) um das Maß (a) in das Rohr innere versetzt ist.Suction device according to one or more of claims 1 to 4 with an air duct supplying blown air connected to a compressed air source, characterized in that the bend (x) of the plane (17) delimiting the end edge (16) of the air suction opening (3) in the region of the air outlet opening (13) of the blown air duct (5), whose inner wall (22) facing the interior of the intake pipe is offset by the dimension (a) inside the pipe to form an air passage opening (24) opposite the front edge (33) of the air intake opening (3).
EP95106893A 1994-06-03 1995-05-06 Suction apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0686370B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9409086U DE9409086U1 (en) 1994-06-03 1994-06-03 Suction device
DE9409086U 1994-06-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0686370A1 true EP0686370A1 (en) 1995-12-13
EP0686370B1 EP0686370B1 (en) 1999-02-24

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EP95106893A Expired - Lifetime EP0686370B1 (en) 1994-06-03 1995-05-06 Suction apparatus

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EP (1) EP0686370B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1067872C (en)
DE (2) DE9409086U1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6735814B2 (en) 2000-10-05 2004-05-18 Mister Services, Inc. Apparatus for cleaning hard-to-reach areas
FR2867052A1 (en) * 2004-03-02 2005-09-09 David Sadaune Suction cleaning device for cleaning e.g. mat, in car, has suction head with rectangular or oval shape flat transversal section and including free end whose edge provides air duct when it contacts surface to be cleaned
AU2006342387B2 (en) * 2005-11-16 2010-05-20 Paul Frederick Finster Hand held spray and pump device
EP2692270A3 (en) * 2012-08-01 2018-02-14 Spifeltec UG Cleaning device with suction and compressed air
CN107858976A (en) * 2017-11-14 2018-03-30 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 Clean car suction nozzle and there is its cleaning car

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4423197A1 (en) * 1994-07-01 1996-01-04 Gema Volstatic Ag Pump for powder material
DE19524203C2 (en) * 1994-12-13 1999-07-29 Haller Umweltsysteme Gmbh & Co Sweeper with dust extraction
GB2296026B8 (en) * 1994-12-13 1999-07-06 Haller Umweltsysteme Gmbh & Co Sweeping machine with dust extraction
DE19531442C3 (en) * 1995-08-26 2001-04-26 Multi Cad Gmbh Cradle
DE19949786A1 (en) * 1999-10-15 2001-04-19 Anton Jaeger Device for vacuum generation by means of venturi nozzle arrangement subjected to pressurized fluid has feed channel and suction channel extending essentially in same direction and running to one another below acute angle
CN102836600A (en) * 2012-09-04 2012-12-26 云南智奇工程技术有限公司 High-pressure remote dust and ash remover
CN102888725B (en) * 2012-09-22 2014-08-06 新杰克缝纫机股份有限公司 Lint absorbing device of lockstitch sewing machine
CN104074157B (en) * 2013-03-29 2016-02-10 南京德朔实业有限公司 Hand blower
JP6116629B2 (en) * 2015-08-11 2017-04-19 株式会社ハーモテック Suction device
CN107059728B (en) * 2017-05-05 2023-06-16 启迪合加新能源汽车有限公司 Catheter special device for suction nozzle of washing and sweeping vehicle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB958445A (en) * 1961-10-31 1964-05-21 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh Improvements in or relating to suction cleaner nozzles
US4649594A (en) * 1985-10-18 1987-03-17 Grave Dale L Cleaning head for smooth and napped surface covering materials
EP0587272A1 (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-03-16 Electrolux Outdoor Products Limited Collection devices

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4018483A (en) * 1974-09-18 1977-04-19 Smith D Kermit Process and apparatus for dislodging and conveying material from a surface with a positive pressure fluid stream
GB2179099B (en) * 1985-08-12 1989-07-26 Vacuum Pneumatic Transfer Equi Vacuum aerator feed nozzle

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB958445A (en) * 1961-10-31 1964-05-21 Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh Improvements in or relating to suction cleaner nozzles
US4649594A (en) * 1985-10-18 1987-03-17 Grave Dale L Cleaning head for smooth and napped surface covering materials
EP0587272A1 (en) * 1992-09-11 1994-03-16 Electrolux Outdoor Products Limited Collection devices

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6735814B2 (en) 2000-10-05 2004-05-18 Mister Services, Inc. Apparatus for cleaning hard-to-reach areas
FR2867052A1 (en) * 2004-03-02 2005-09-09 David Sadaune Suction cleaning device for cleaning e.g. mat, in car, has suction head with rectangular or oval shape flat transversal section and including free end whose edge provides air duct when it contacts surface to be cleaned
AU2006342387B2 (en) * 2005-11-16 2010-05-20 Paul Frederick Finster Hand held spray and pump device
EP2692270A3 (en) * 2012-08-01 2018-02-14 Spifeltec UG Cleaning device with suction and compressed air
CN107858976A (en) * 2017-11-14 2018-03-30 徐工集团工程机械有限公司 Clean car suction nozzle and there is its cleaning car
CN107858976B (en) * 2017-11-14 2023-12-05 江苏徐工国重实验室科技有限公司 Cleaning vehicle suction nozzle and cleaning vehicle with same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1120129A (en) 1996-04-10
DE59505135D1 (en) 1999-04-01
DE9409086U1 (en) 1994-07-28
CN1067872C (en) 2001-07-04
EP0686370B1 (en) 1999-02-24

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