EP0684173A1 - Brake rim at a railway vehicle for taking up the brake forces of a block brake system - Google Patents

Brake rim at a railway vehicle for taking up the brake forces of a block brake system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0684173A1
EP0684173A1 EP95810347A EP95810347A EP0684173A1 EP 0684173 A1 EP0684173 A1 EP 0684173A1 EP 95810347 A EP95810347 A EP 95810347A EP 95810347 A EP95810347 A EP 95810347A EP 0684173 A1 EP0684173 A1 EP 0684173A1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
wheel
braking
brake ring
ring
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EP95810347A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Josef Steffen
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CH156394A external-priority patent/CH685615A5/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0684173A1 publication Critical patent/EP0684173A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H1/00—Applications or arrangements of brakes with a braking member or members co-operating with the periphery of the wheel rim, a drum, or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a braking device in which the braking forces do not act on the rim of the wheel of a rail-bound vehicle, but rather on a rim arranged concentrically next to the wheel.
  • disc brake systems and drum brake systems are the high cost if they are to be installed on bogies of the existing passenger car and freight wagon stock with block brake systems. It will take decades before these stocks are decommissioned. In most countries, however, the reduction in noise pollution must not be allowed to wait indefinitely for legal reasons. Effective noise protection is primarily aimed at by reducing noise at the source; in the case of older rail vehicles, this is only economically viable if the conversion costs are in a reasonable ratio to the expected remaining service life.
  • Block brake systems such as those that still exist in the majority of the railway vehicle stock, have the advantages of cost-effectiveness, decades of proven reliability and robustness.
  • the aim of the invention is to maintain the advantages of the block brake system and to avoid the disadvantages mentioned.
  • the invention achieves this by installing a brake ring arranged as close as possible to the wheel, concentrically to the axle of the wheelset.
  • the brake pads of a brake pad system according to customary and comparatively inexpensive technology now act on this brake ring.
  • the main aim of the invention to create a reduction in rail vehicle emissions through tamper-free and surface-smooth treads is thus achieved in an inexpensive and inexpensive manner, without having to do without a proven braking system.
  • the block brake system according to the invention has various advantages. It can also be retrofitted to wheels or wheel sets that have already been put into operation. As a rule, only the brake shoes, the block brake bracket and parts of the brake linkage need to be adjusted. With new bogies, it is an inexpensive braking system solution. It is possible to install - even afterwards - ABS anti-lock devices. Experience has shown that the frictional heat generated by braking can lead to overheating on the impellers with longer exposure times.
  • the brake ring on which the invention is based does not have to be connected directly to the running rim of the wheel, but can also be connected indirectly to the wheel set axle via individual connecting elements on the wheel body or via a separate wheel disc or via wheel spokes. This will result in reduced brake heat input reached on the impeller.
  • Figure 1 shows the arrangement of the brake ring according to the invention on the inside of the flange in a horizontal section. This arrangement is primarily useful for running circle diameters that correspond to the international standard wheel set.
  • the brake ring 1 is non-positively connected to the wheel set axle 3 via a wheel disc or wheel spokes 6. Instead of being attached to the axle of the wheelset, the brake ring can be connected to the wheel body 8 via individual connecting elements 7 (indicated). The position of the brake shoe 9 with the associated brake pad is shifted by a few centimeters from the running surface on the brake ring.
  • the brake system shown can also be retrofitted to many existing bogies without adjustments to the axle set and the bogie frame.
  • FIG. 2 shows how the brake ring 1 is arranged on the outside immediately next to the running ring 2 without being connected to it in a force-locking manner.
  • the brake ring 1 is non-positively connected to the extended emergency knuckle 5 via wheel spokes 6.
  • the steering knuckle 4 of the wheelset axle is to be extended on both sides by about one width of the rim, as is the bogie frame.
  • the arrangement of the brake ring shown on the outside of the impeller is preferably useful for wheels with small wheel diameters, such as those found in piggyback cars. Impellers with small diameters are particularly quickly and intensively stressed by the effects of the brake heat.
  • the heat dissipation of the brake is as important an aim of the invention as the noise reduction. No significant adjustments to the brake linkage are required here either.
  • FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the brake ring 1 according to the invention with a fastening directly on the wheel body 8.
  • the brake shoe 9 is shifted inward from its original position by approximately 12 cm, so that the brake pads can act on the attached brake ring 1.
  • the brake rod of the brake linkage is shortened and adjusted accordingly.
  • the arrangement shown in this figure is in the foreground for subsequent installations in bogies of rail vehicles in which the braking heat influences are small.
  • the brake ring 1 is so wide that the brake pads of a common system can be pressed on. A visual inspection remains possible even if the brake ring is arranged on the inside.
  • the respective materials of the brake ring and the brake pads can be optimally coordinated with each other with regard to wear and brake force transmission, since in contrast to the impeller, the brake ring does not have to absorb any static loads.
  • the material of the brake ring can also consist of the same material as the wheel to be braked.
  • the brake ring and brake pad can also be provided with brake pads due to the loss of the running circuit function.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

The flanged wheel (3) of the train has a brake flange (1) mounted beside it and secured to either the axle or to the flanged wheel. The braking is via brake blocks (9) pressed onto the outer rim of the brake flange. The braking effect is then direct between the wheel flange and the rail. The separate brake flange and brake mechanism can be retrofitted to existing train wheels. The diameter of the brake flange is made as large as possible to obtain the best braking efficiency. <IMAGE>

Description

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Bremsvorrichtung, bei welcher die Bremskräfte nicht auf den Laufkranz des Rades eines schienengebundenen Fahrzeuges wirken , sondern auf einen unmittelbar neben dem Laufrad konzentrisch angeordneten Bremskranz.The invention relates to a braking device in which the braking forces do not act on the rim of the wheel of a rail-bound vehicle, but rather on a rim arranged concentrically next to the wheel.

Es ist bekannt, dass durch die unmittelbare Einwirkung der Klotzbremsen auf die Laufkränze von Eisenbahnfahrzeugen auf den Laufflächen Aufrauhungen und Verriffelungen entstehen. Diese sind wesentliche Faktoren bei der Entstehung der Lärmemissionen von Schienenfahrzeugen. Wo die Laufflächen diesen direkten Bremseinwirkungen nicht ausgesetzt sind, wie etwa bei Schienenfahrzeugen mit Scheibenbremsen, sind die Schienenlärmemissionen bei vergleichbaren Fahrgeschwindigkeiten erheblich niedriger, der wahmehmbare Lärm lässt sich dabei auf die Hälfte (um bis -10 dB) und weniger vermindern. Gleichzeitig werden Laufkranz und Schienen weniger stark abgenutzt. Aehnliche günstige Auswirkungen sind auch bei der Verwendung von Trommelbremsen festzustellen. Versuche mit Trommel-bremsen bei bestehenden und neuen Drehgestellen werden gegenwärtig bei verschiedenen Bahnverwaltungen durchgeführt.It is known that the direct action of the block brakes on the treads of railway vehicles causes roughening and corrugation on the treads. These are essential factors in the generation of noise emissions from rail vehicles. Where the treads are not exposed to these direct braking effects, such as on rail vehicles with disc brakes, the rail noise emissions are significantly lower at comparable speeds, the perceptible noise can be reduced by half (by -10 dB) and less. At the same time the tread and rails are less worn. Similar beneficial effects can also be seen when using drum brakes. Tests with drum brakes on existing and new bogies are currently being carried out by various railway administrations.

Der Nachteil der Scheibenbremssysteme und der Trommelbremssysteme sind die hohen Kosten, wenn sie bei Drehgestellen des vorhandenen Reisezugwagen - und Güterwagenbestandes mit Klotzbremssystemen eingebaut werden sollen.. Es wird noch Jahrzehnte dauern, bis diese Bestände ausgemustert sein werden. Mit der Verminderung der Lärmbelastung darf aber in den meisten Ländem aus gesetzlichen Gründen nicht beliebig lang zugewartet werden. Wirkungsvoller Lärmschutz ist in erster Linie durch die Verminderung des Lärms an der Quelle anzustreben; bei ältern Schienenfahrzeugen ist dies wirtschaftlich nur vertäglich, wenn die Umbaukosten in einem vertretbaren Verhältnis zur voraussichtlichen Resteinsatzdauer sind.The disadvantage of disc brake systems and drum brake systems is the high cost if they are to be installed on bogies of the existing passenger car and freight wagon stock with block brake systems. It will take decades before these stocks are decommissioned. In most countries, however, the reduction in noise pollution must not be allowed to wait indefinitely for legal reasons. Effective noise protection is primarily aimed at by reducing noise at the source; in the case of older rail vehicles, this is only economically viable if the conversion costs are in a reasonable ratio to the expected remaining service life.

Klotzbremssysteme, wie sie beim überwiegenden Teil des Eisenbahnfahrzeugbestandes noch vorhanden sind, haben als Vorteile die Kostengünstigkeit, die jahrzehnte alte Bewährtheit und die Robustheit aufzuweisen. Es ist Ziel der Erfindung, die Vorteile des Klotzbremssystems beizubehalten und die erwähnten Nachteile zu vermeiden. Die Erfindung erreicht dies durch den Einbau eines möglichst nahe beim Laufrad konzentrisch zur Radsatzachse angeordneten Bremskranzes. Auf diesen Bremskranz wirken nun die Bremsklötze eines Bremsklotzsystems nach gebräuchlicher und vergleichsweiser kostengünstiger Technik.
Das Hauptziel der Erfindung, eine Verminderung der Schienenfahrzeugemissionen durch verriffelungsfreie und oberflächenglatte Laufflächen zu schaffen, wird damit auf kostengünstige und wenig aufwendige Art erreicht, ohne dass auf ein bewährtes Bremssystem verzichtet werden müsste.Block brake systems, such as those that still exist in the majority of the railway vehicle stock, have the advantages of cost-effectiveness, decades of proven reliability and robustness. The aim of the invention is to maintain the advantages of the block brake system and to avoid the disadvantages mentioned. The invention achieves this by installing a brake ring arranged as close as possible to the wheel, concentrically to the axle of the wheelset. The brake pads of a brake pad system according to customary and comparatively inexpensive technology now act on this brake ring.
The main aim of the invention to create a reduction in rail vehicle emissions through tamper-free and surface-smooth treads is thus achieved in an inexpensive and inexpensive manner, without having to do without a proven braking system.

Das erfindungsgemässe Klotzbremssystem weist verschiedene Vorteile auf. Es lässt sich auch nachträglich an Rädem oder Radsätzen befestigen, die bereits in Betrieb genommen worden sind. Dabei müssen in der Regel nur die Bremsschuhe, die Klotzbremshalterung und Teile des Bremsgestänges angepasst werden. Bei neuen Drehgestellen ist es eine kostengünstige Bremssystemlösung. Der Einbau -auch der nachträgliche - von Antiblockiereinrichtungen ABS ist möglich. Die durch die Bremsung entstehende Reibungswärme kann erfahrungsgemäss bei längeren Einwirkungszeiten zu Ueberhitzungserscheinungen an den Laufrädern führen. Der der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Bremskranz muss nicht unmittelbar mit dem Laufkranz des Rades verbunden werden, sondern kann auch mittelbar mit diesem über einzelne Verbindungselemente am Radkörper oder über eine separate Radscheibe oder über Radspeichen mit der Radsatzachse verbunden werden. Damit wird eine verminderte Bremswärmeeinleitung auf das Laufrad erreicht. Durch das Anbringen von Kühlrippen an der Bremskranzradiusinnenseite oder durch eine entsprechende Ausformung der Bremskranzspeichen kann zudem eine rasche Abkühlung des Bremskranzes selbst bewirkt werden. Es ist ein weiteres Ziel der Erfindung, das Problem der Radüberhitzung durch eine nur mittelbar über einen Bremskranz auf den Laufkranz einwirkende Bremsvorrichtung zu mildern.The block brake system according to the invention has various advantages. It can also be retrofitted to wheels or wheel sets that have already been put into operation. As a rule, only the brake shoes, the block brake bracket and parts of the brake linkage need to be adjusted. With new bogies, it is an inexpensive braking system solution. It is possible to install - even afterwards - ABS anti-lock devices. Experience has shown that the frictional heat generated by braking can lead to overheating on the impellers with longer exposure times. The brake ring on which the invention is based does not have to be connected directly to the running rim of the wheel, but can also be connected indirectly to the wheel set axle via individual connecting elements on the wheel body or via a separate wheel disc or via wheel spokes. This will result in reduced brake heat input reached on the impeller. By attaching cooling fins to the inside of the brake ring radius or by appropriately shaping the brake ring spokes, the brake ring itself can also be rapidly cooled. It is a further object of the invention to alleviate the problem of wheel overheating by means of a braking device which only acts indirectly on the running rim via a braking ring.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Beispielen mit Bezug auf die beiliegende Zeichnung näher erläutert.In the following, the invention is explained in more detail by means of examples with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Figur 1 zeigt die Anordnung des erfindungsgemässen Bremskranzes auf der Spurkranzinnenseite in einem Horizontalschnitt. Diese Anordnung ist vorwiegend bei Laufkreisdurchmessern, die dem internationalen Standardradsatz entsprechen, zweckmässig. Der Bremskranz 1 ist über eine Radscheibe oder Radspeichen 6 mit der Radsatzachse 3 kraftschlüssig verbunden. Anstelle der Befestigung an der Radsatzachse kann der Bremskranz über einzelne Verbindungselemente 7 (angedeutet) mit dem Radkörper 8 verbunden werden. Die Lage des Bremsschuhes 9 mit zugehörigem Bremsklotz verschiebt sich dabei um einige Zentimeter von der Laufkreisfläche auf den Bremskranz. Das gezeigte Bremssystem kann auch nachträglich noch in viele bestehende Drehgestelle ohne Anpassungen an der Radsatzachse und am Drehgestellrahmen eingebaut werden.Figure 1 shows the arrangement of the brake ring according to the invention on the inside of the flange in a horizontal section. This arrangement is primarily useful for running circle diameters that correspond to the international standard wheel set. The brake ring 1 is non-positively connected to the wheel set axle 3 via a wheel disc or wheel spokes 6. Instead of being attached to the axle of the wheelset, the brake ring can be connected to the wheel body 8 via individual connecting elements 7 (indicated). The position of the brake shoe 9 with the associated brake pad is shifted by a few centimeters from the running surface on the brake ring. The brake system shown can also be retrofitted to many existing bogies without adjustments to the axle set and the bogie frame.

Figur 2 zeigt, wie der Bremskranz 1 ohne mit ihm kraftschlüssig verbunden zu sein, unmittelbar neben dem Laufkranz 2 aussenseitig angeordnet ist. Der Bremskranz 1 ist über Radspeichen 6 mit dem verlängerten Notachsschenkel 5 kraftschlüssig verbunden. Der Achsschenkel 4 der Radsatzachse ist um etwa ein Brernskranzbreite beidseitig zu verlängern, ebenso der Drehgestellrahmen. Die dargestellte Anordnung des Bremskranzes auf der Laufradaussenseite ist vorzugsweise bei Rädern mit kleinen Raddurchmessem, wie sie etwa bei Huckepackwagen vorzufinden sind , sinnvoll. Laufräder mit kleinen Durchmessern werden durch die Einwirkungen der Bremshitze besonders rasch und intensiv beansprucht. Hier ist die Bremswärmeableitung ebenso wichtiges Ziel der Erfindung wie die Lärmreduktion. Auch hier sind keine erheblichen Anpassungen beim Bremsgestänge erforderllich.FIG. 2 shows how the brake ring 1 is arranged on the outside immediately next to the running ring 2 without being connected to it in a force-locking manner. The brake ring 1 is non-positively connected to the extended emergency knuckle 5 via wheel spokes 6. The steering knuckle 4 of the wheelset axle is to be extended on both sides by about one width of the rim, as is the bogie frame. The arrangement of the brake ring shown on the outside of the impeller is preferably useful for wheels with small wheel diameters, such as those found in piggyback cars. Impellers with small diameters are particularly quickly and intensively stressed by the effects of the brake heat. Here, the heat dissipation of the brake is as important an aim of the invention as the noise reduction. No significant adjustments to the brake linkage are required here either.

Figur 3 zeigt die Anordnung des erfindungsgemässen Bremskranzes 1 mit einer Befestigung unmittelbar am Radkörper 8. Der Bremsschuh 9 ist aus seiner ursprünglichen Lage um etwa 12 cm nach innen verschoben, sodass die Bremsklötze auf den angefügten Bremskranz 1 einwirken können. Die Bremstange des Bremsgestänges wird entsprechend gekürzt und angepasst. Die in dieser Figur aufgezeigte Anordnung steht bei nachträglichen Einbauten in Drehgestellen von Schienenfahrzeugen im Vordergrund, bei denen die Bremswärmeeinflüsse gering sind.FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the brake ring 1 according to the invention with a fastening directly on the wheel body 8. The brake shoe 9 is shifted inward from its original position by approximately 12 cm, so that the brake pads can act on the attached brake ring 1. The brake rod of the brake linkage is shortened and adjusted accordingly. The arrangement shown in this figure is in the foreground for subsequent installations in bogies of rail vehicles in which the braking heat influences are small.

Der Bremskranz 1 ist so breit, dass die Bremsklötze gebräuchlicher System angepresst werden können. Selbst bei Anordnung des Bremskranzes auf der Innenseite bleibt eine visuelle Kontrolle möglich. Die jeweiligen Materialien des Bremskranzes und der Bremsklötze können hinsichtlich Verschleiss und Bremskraftübertragung optimal aufeinander abgestimmt werden, da der Bremskranz im Gegensatz zum Laufrad keine statischen Belastungen aufnehmen muss. Das Material des Bremskranzes kann aber auch aus dem gleichen Material wie das zu bremsende Rad bestehen. Bremskranz wie Bremsklotz können wegen Wegfall der Laufkreisfunktion auch mit Bremsbelägen versehen werden.The brake ring 1 is so wide that the brake pads of a common system can be pressed on. A visual inspection remains possible even if the brake ring is arranged on the inside. The respective materials of the brake ring and the brake pads can be optimally coordinated with each other with regard to wear and brake force transmission, since in contrast to the impeller, the brake ring does not have to absorb any static loads. The material of the brake ring can also consist of the same material as the wheel to be braked. The brake ring and brake pad can also be provided with brake pads due to the loss of the running circuit function.

Claims (6)

1. Bremsmittel an einem Rad oder an einem Radsatz eines schienengebundenen Fahrzeuges dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass seine Bremswirkung mittelbar am Laufkranz des Rades angreift. 1. Braking means on a wheel or on a wheel set of a rail-bound vehicle, characterized in that its braking action acts indirectly on the tread of the wheel. 2. Bremsmittel nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es auf einen zum bremsenden Rad oder Radsatz konzentrischen Bremskranz (1) unmittelbar einwirkt. 2. Brake means according to claim 1, characterized in that it acts directly on a brake ring (1) concentric with the braking wheel or wheel set. 3. Bremsvorrichtung nach vorhergehenden Ansprüchen dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bremskranz durch Bremsklötze mit Bremsschuhen (9) beaufschlagt ist. 3. Braking device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the brake ring is acted upon by brake pads with brake shoes (9). 4. Bremsvorrichtung nach vorhergehenden Ansprüchen dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einen möglichst grossen Radius aufweist, so dass der Bremskranz (1) gerade nicht mehr auf Einbauten im schienennahen Bereich aufschlagen kann. 4. Braking device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it has the largest possible radius, so that the brake ring (1) can no longer hit fittings in the vicinity of the rail. 5 Bremsvorrichtung nach vorhergehenden Ansprüchen dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bremskranz (1) auf der Spurkranzseite des Rades angeordnet ist und dass er mit dem Radkörper (8) oder mit der Radsatzachse (3) kraftschlüssig oder kraft- und formschlüssig verbunden ist. 5 braking device according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the brake ring (1) is arranged on the wheel flange side of the wheel and that it is connected to the wheel body (8) or to the axle set (3) in a non-positive or non-positive and positive manner. 6. Bremsvorrichtung nach Ansprüchen 1 bis 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Bremskranz (1) auf der auf das Radlager (10) gerichteten Seite des Rades angeordnet ist und mit dem Radkörper (8) oder mit dem Schenkel (4) oder (5) der Radsatzachse (3) kraftschlüssig oder kraft- und formschlüssig verbunden ist. 6. Braking device according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the brake ring (1) is arranged on the wheel bearing (10) side of the wheel and with the wheel body (8) or with the leg (4) or (5) of the Wheelset axle (3) is non-positively or non-positively and positively connected.
EP95810347A 1994-05-23 1995-05-23 Brake rim at a railway vehicle for taking up the brake forces of a block brake system Withdrawn EP0684173A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1563/94 1994-05-23
CH156394A CH685615A5 (en) 1994-05-23 1994-05-23 Brake device for rail vehicle
CH286094 1994-09-21
CH2860/94 1994-09-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0684173A1 true EP0684173A1 (en) 1995-11-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95810347A Withdrawn EP0684173A1 (en) 1994-05-23 1995-05-23 Brake rim at a railway vehicle for taking up the brake forces of a block brake system

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EP (1) EP0684173A1 (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL35707C (en) * 1900-01-01
US2169751A (en) * 1938-10-11 1939-08-15 American Brake Co Brake rigging
GB535191A (en) * 1939-09-30 1941-04-01 Arthur Vaughan Tomlinson Improvements relating to brake mechanisms
US4004656A (en) * 1975-06-17 1977-01-25 Westinghouse Air Brake Company Multi-brake shoe means for a multi-braking surface braked assembly

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL35707C (en) * 1900-01-01
US2169751A (en) * 1938-10-11 1939-08-15 American Brake Co Brake rigging
GB535191A (en) * 1939-09-30 1941-04-01 Arthur Vaughan Tomlinson Improvements relating to brake mechanisms
US4004656A (en) * 1975-06-17 1977-01-25 Westinghouse Air Brake Company Multi-brake shoe means for a multi-braking surface braked assembly

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