EP0675283B1 - Injection valve - Google Patents

Injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0675283B1
EP0675283B1 EP95103810A EP95103810A EP0675283B1 EP 0675283 B1 EP0675283 B1 EP 0675283B1 EP 95103810 A EP95103810 A EP 95103810A EP 95103810 A EP95103810 A EP 95103810A EP 0675283 B1 EP0675283 B1 EP 0675283B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
perforated
punching
injection valve
valve seat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95103810A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0675283A1 (en
Inventor
Jörg Dipl.-Ing. Heyse
Norbert Dipl.-Ing. Belzner (Fh)
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP0675283A1 publication Critical patent/EP0675283A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0682—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the body being hollow and its interior communicating with the fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1853—Orifice plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49428—Gas and water specific plumbing component making
    • Y10T29/49432—Nozzle making

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an injection valve according to the Genus of the main claim. From DE-OS 40 26 721 already known an injection valve that is downstream of it Valve seat surface has a perforated disc.
  • the perforated disc has several spray holes through which a medium such as Can leak fuel.
  • the spray holes are through Eroding introduced in the perforated disc.
  • perforated disks on injection valves that have injection holes made by punching.
  • Such an injection valve according to WO-A-9400686 forms the preamble of claim 1.
  • The, for example, cup-shaped perforated disks represent a thin sheet and, depending on the material, have a tensile strength of 400 to 600 N / mm 2 .
  • the punching of the spray holes in the perforated disk has the result that a punching indentation forms on a first surface on which the punch hits the perforated disk, while on a second surface on which the punch emerges from the perforated disk again on A raised area in the form of a ridge arises.
  • This disadvantageous ridge cannot be kept constant in many punching processes, so that relatively large flow and jet angle scattering can occur. In large series production, however, these variations should be kept as low as possible. Grinding the punch burrs would represent an additional process that further increases manufacturing costs.
  • Embodiments of the invention are in the drawing shown in simplified form and in the following Description explained in more detail.
  • 1 shows it partially illustrated injection valve
  • Figure 2 a Perforated disk
  • Figure 3 is a partially shown perforated disk low hardness with a spray hole according to the state of the Technique
  • Figure 4 is a perforated disc of greater hardness with a Spray hole
  • Figure 5 with a perforated disk of greater hardness a spray hole that is opposite to the later one Flow direction is punched.
  • a valve is shown in FIG. 1 as an exemplary embodiment the shape of an injector for Fuel injection systems from mixture compressors spark-ignited internal combustion engines partially shown.
  • the injector has a tubular valve seat support 1, in which a valve axis 2 concentric Longitudinal opening 3 is formed.
  • a valve axis 2 concentric Longitudinal opening 3 is formed in the longitudinal opening 3 .
  • tubular valve needle 5 arranged on the its downstream end 6 with a z.
  • the injection valve is actuated in a known manner Way, for example electromagnetic.
  • a return spring (not shown) or An indicated closing serves to close the injection valve electromagnetic circuit with a magnetic coil 10, one Anchor 11 and a core 12.
  • the anchor 11 is with the End of valve needle 5 facing away from valve closing body 7 through z. B. connected a weld using a laser and aligned with the core 12.
  • Valve seat body 16 To guide the valve closing body 7 during the A guide opening 15 serves for axial movement Valve seat body 16.
  • the core 11 opposite end of the valve seat support 1 is in the concentric to the longitudinal axis 2 of the valve Longitudinal opening 3 of the cylindrical valve seat body 16 through Welding tightly assembled.
  • Valve closing body 7 facing away from the lower end face 17 the valve seat body 16 with a bottom part 20 of a z.
  • valve seat body 16 and perforated disk 21 takes place, for example, by a circumferential and dense, first weld seam 22 formed by a laser.
  • first weld seam 22 formed by a laser.
  • Perforated disk 21 On the bottom part 20 of the pot-shaped, for example Perforated disk 21 closes a circumferential holding edge 26 on.
  • the holding edge 26 exerts a radial spring action on the Wall of the longitudinal opening 3.
  • the holding edge 26 of the Perforated disk 21 is with the wall of the longitudinal opening 3rd for example by a circumferential and dense second Weld 30 connected.
  • the insertion depth of the valve seat body 16 and pot-shaped perforated disk 21 existing valve seat part in the longitudinal opening 3 determines the default stroke Valve needle 5, since the one end position of the valve needle 5 at non-excited solenoid 10 by the system of Valve closing body 7 on a valve seat surface 29 of the Valve seat body 16 is fixed.
  • the other end position the valve needle 5 is when the solenoid 10 is excited for example by the anchor 11 resting against the core 12 fixed.
  • the path between these two end positions Valve needle 5 thus represents the stroke.
  • the spherical valve closing body 7 acts with the in Direction of flow tapering in the shape of a truncated cone Valve seat surface 29 of the valve seat body 16 together, the in the axial direction between the guide opening 15 and the lower end face 17 of the valve seat body 16 is formed is.
  • valve seat support 1 On the circumference of the valve seat support 1 is on his downstream, the solenoid 10 facing end one Protective cap 40 arranged and by means of, for example Snap connection connected to the valve seat support 1.
  • a Sealing ring 41 serves to seal between the circumference of the Injector and one, not shown Valve holder, for example the intake line of the Internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 2 shows the perforated disk 21 with its central one Area 24 arranged spray holes 25.
  • Die for example, four spray holes 25 are located e.g. B. symmetrical about the valve longitudinal axis 2 in the form of corner points of a square and thus each have the equal distance from each other and to the valve longitudinal axis 2.
  • Das Bottom part 20 of the perforated disc 21 has the upper end face 44, which corresponds to a second flat surface, and one opposite lower end face 19, that of a first corresponds to a flat surface.
  • the spray holes 25 are Injector according to the invention in the opposite Direction introduced.
  • the punching direction is indicated by a Arrow 45 is displayed.
  • the stamps of the punching tool So first hit the first surface 19 of the bottom part 20 of the perforated disc 21, which in the later installation position Perforated disk 21 on the injection valve downstream of the second Surface 44 lies, and penetrate the material of the Perforated disc 21 to the second surface 44, where it from the Leak material.
  • the punching direction thus runs opposite to the medium flow direction ( Figure 2).
  • FIG. 3 shows a spray hole 25 in a perforated disk 21, as is the case with punching which has been customary to date.
  • the known perforated disks have a tensile strength of 400 to 600 N / mm 2 .
  • the relatively low hardness resulting from these values is the reason why a punch feed 50, that is to say a cross-sectional enlargement of the injection hole 25, occurs on the first surface 19 due to the entry of the punch, while a burr 51 on the second surface 44 extends over the Surface 44 protrudes, arises.
  • the consequences of these phenomena at the spray hole 25, which are not shown to scale, are comparatively large flow and jet angle scatterings.
  • FIG. 4 shows a spray hole 25 in the perforated disk 21, which is made of a material of greater hardness than the material of the perforated disk 21 according to FIG. 3.
  • the perforated disk 21 now has a tensile strength of> 800 N / mm 2 , which corresponds approximately to a Vickers hardness of> 300 HV1.
  • the usual perforated disks 21 can be brought to a greater material hardness, for example, by work hardening.
  • the greater material hardness means that there is little or no negligible punching or burring. Due to the greater brittleness of the material, there is no burr formation, but there is a punch breakout 52 at the injection hole 25, and the material breaks out on the exit surface of the punch, that is to say on the second surface 44.
  • This punch cutout 52 slightly enlarges the cross section of the spray hole 25 only in the vicinity of the second surface 44. The scatter of the flow rates can be reduced as a result; the beam angle scattering is retained by the punch cutout 52 on the
  • FIG. 5 shows a perforated disk 21 with a spray hole 25, which was punched in the opposite direction to the later medium flow direction, namely from the first surface 19 to the second surface 44, as indicated by the arrow 45 for the punching direction.
  • the material properties are the same as for the perforated disk 21 shown in FIG. 4, the tensile strength of the material is therefore also> 800 N / mm 2 .
  • the punch cutout 52 created by the punching lies on the second surface 44 of the perforated disk 21, but in the installed state in the injection valve faces the valve closing body 7.
  • the transition from the spraying hole 25 to the first surface 19 is therefore relatively sharp-edged and therefore has almost no deformations which cause negative effects when spraying.
  • the beam angle scatter advantageously remains very low due to this arrangement.
  • the variation in the flow rate can be reduced even further by varying the punch diameter of the punching tool.
  • the configuration of the perforated disk 21 according to the invention is possible with every shape of the perforated disc, also with Perforated disks that do not have a holding edge 26.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Einspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Aus der DE-OS 40 26 721 ist bereits ein Einspritzventil bekannt, das stromabwärts seiner Ventilsitzfläche eine Lochscheibe aufweist. Die Lochscheibe weist mehrere Abspritzlöcher auf, durch die ein Medium wie Brennstoff austreten kann. Die Abspritzlöcher sind durch Erodieren in der Lochscheibe eingebracht.The invention is based on an injection valve according to the Genus of the main claim. From DE-OS 40 26 721 already known an injection valve that is downstream of it Valve seat surface has a perforated disc. The perforated disc has several spray holes through which a medium such as Can leak fuel. The spray holes are through Eroding introduced in the perforated disc.

Außerdem ist bereits bekannt, Lochscheiben an Einspritzventilen zu verwenden, die mittels Stanzen eingebrachte Abspritzlöcher aufweisen. Ein solches Einspritzventil gemäß der WO-A-9400686 bildet dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1. Die beispielsweise topfförmig ausgebildeten Lochscheiben stellen ein dünnes Blech dar und besitzen je nach Werkstoff eine Zugfestigkeit von 400 bis 600 N/mm2. Das Stanzen der Abspritzlöcher in die Lochscheibe hat zur Folge, daß sich an einer ersten Fläche, an der der Stanzstempel auf die Lochscheibe auftrifft, am Lochrand ein Stanzeinzug bildet, während an einer zweiten Fläche, an der der Stanzstempel aus der Lochscheibe wieder austritt, am Lochrand eine Erhebung in Form eines Grates entsteht. Dieser nachteilige Grat läßt sich unmöglich bei vielen Stanzvorgängen konstant halten, so daß relativ große Durchfluß- und Strahlwinkelstreuungen auftreten können. In der Großserienproduktion sollen jedoch diese Streuungen möglichst gering gehalten werden. Ein Abschleifen der Stanzgrate würde ein zusätzliches Verfahren darstellen, das die Herstellungskosten weiter in die Höhe treibt.In addition, it is already known to use perforated disks on injection valves that have injection holes made by punching. Such an injection valve according to WO-A-9400686 forms the preamble of claim 1. The, for example, cup-shaped perforated disks represent a thin sheet and, depending on the material, have a tensile strength of 400 to 600 N / mm 2 . The punching of the spray holes in the perforated disk has the result that a punching indentation forms on a first surface on which the punch hits the perforated disk, while on a second surface on which the punch emerges from the perforated disk again on A raised area in the form of a ridge arises. This disadvantageous ridge cannot be kept constant in many punching processes, so that relatively large flow and jet angle scattering can occur. In large series production, however, these variations should be kept as low as possible. Grinding the punch burrs would represent an additional process that further increases manufacturing costs.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Einspritzventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß mit geringem Aufwand und kostengünstig hergestellte Lochscheiben mit gestanzten Abspritzlöchern keinen nachteiligen Grat aufweisen und damit vor allen Dingen die Streuung der Strahlwinkel bzw. der Durchflußmenge deutlich herabgesetzt ist. Ein aufwendiges Entgraten entfällt deshalb zwangsläufig. Bei der Großserienproduktion kann die Qualität der Abspritzlöcher weitgehend konstant gehalten werden, so daß die Streuungen des durchströmenden Mediums geringer sind.The injection valve according to the invention with the characteristic In contrast, features of the main claim have the advantage that manufactured with little effort and inexpensive Perforated disks with punched spray holes none have disadvantageous ridges and, above all, the Scattering of the beam angle or the flow rate clearly is reduced. A complex deburring is therefore not necessary inevitably. When it comes to mass production, quality can the spray holes are kept largely constant, so that the scattering of the medium flowing through is less are.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 ein teilweise dargestelltes Einspritzventil, Figur 2 eine Lochscheibe, Figur 3 eine teilweise dargestellte Lochscheibe geringer Härte mit einem Abspritzloch nach dem Stand der Technik, Figur 4 eine Lochscheibe größerer Härte mit einem Abspritzloch und Figur 5 eine Lochscheibe größerer Härte mit einem Abspritzloch, das entgegengesetzt der späteren Strömungsrichtung gestanzt ist. Embodiments of the invention are in the drawing shown in simplified form and in the following Description explained in more detail. 1 shows it partially illustrated injection valve, Figure 2 a Perforated disk, Figure 3 is a partially shown perforated disk low hardness with a spray hole according to the state of the Technique, Figure 4 is a perforated disc of greater hardness with a Spray hole and Figure 5 with a perforated disk of greater hardness a spray hole that is opposite to the later one Flow direction is punched.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In der Figur 1 ist als ein Ausführungsbeispiel ein Ventil in der Form eines Einspritzventils für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen teilweise dargestellt. Das Einspritzventil hat einen rohrförmigen Ventilsitzträger 1, in dem konzentrisch zu einer Ventillängsachse 2 eine Längsöffnung 3 ausgebildet ist. In der Längsöffnung 3 ist eine z. B. rohrförmige Ventilnadel 5 angeordnet, die an ihrem stromabwärtigen Ende 6 mit einem z. B. kugelförmigen Ventilschließkörper 7, an dessen Umfang beispielsweise fünf Abflachungen 8 vorgesehen sind, verbunden ist.A valve is shown in FIG. 1 as an exemplary embodiment the shape of an injector for Fuel injection systems from mixture compressors spark-ignited internal combustion engines partially shown. The injector has a tubular valve seat support 1, in which a valve axis 2 concentric Longitudinal opening 3 is formed. In the longitudinal opening 3 is a z. B. tubular valve needle 5 arranged on the its downstream end 6 with a z. B. spherical Valve closing body 7, for example five on the circumference Flattenings 8 are provided, is connected.

Die Betätigung des Einspritzventils erfolgt in bekannter Weise, beispielsweise elektromagnetisch. Zur axialen Bewegung der Ventilnadel 5 und damit zum Öffnen entgegen der Federkraft einer nicht dargestellten Rückstellfeder bzw. Schließen des Einspritzventils dient ein angedeuteter elektromagnetischer Kreis mit einer Magnetspule 10, einem Anker 11 und einem Kern 12. Der Anker 11 ist mit dem dem Ventilschließkörper 7 abgewandten Ende der Ventilnadel 5 durch z. B. eine Schweißnaht mittels eines Lasers verbunden und auf den Kern 12 ausgerichtet.The injection valve is actuated in a known manner Way, for example electromagnetic. For axial Movement of the valve needle 5 and thus to open against the Spring force of a return spring (not shown) or An indicated closing serves to close the injection valve electromagnetic circuit with a magnetic coil 10, one Anchor 11 and a core 12. The anchor 11 is with the End of valve needle 5 facing away from valve closing body 7 through z. B. connected a weld using a laser and aligned with the core 12.

Zur Führung des Ventilschließkörpers 7 während der Axialbewegung dient eine Führungsöffnung 15 eines Ventilsitzkörpers 16. In das stromabwärts liegende, dem Kern 11 abgewandte Ende des Ventilsitzträgers 1 ist in der konzentrisch zur Ventillängsachse 2 verlaufenden Längsöffnung 3 der zylinderförmige Ventilsitzkörper 16 durch Schweißen dicht montiert. An seiner einen, dem Ventilschließkörper 7 abgewandten, unteren Stirnseite 17 ist der Ventilsitzkörper 16 mit einem Bodenteil 20 einer z. B. topfförmig ausgebildeten Lochscheibe 21 konzentrisch und fest verbunden, so daß das Bodenteil 20 mit seiner oberen Stirnseite 44 an der unteren Stirnseite 17 des Ventilsitzkörpers 16 anliegt.To guide the valve closing body 7 during the A guide opening 15 serves for axial movement Valve seat body 16. In the downstream, the core 11 opposite end of the valve seat support 1 is in the concentric to the longitudinal axis 2 of the valve Longitudinal opening 3 of the cylindrical valve seat body 16 through Welding tightly assembled. On his one, that Valve closing body 7 facing away from the lower end face 17 the valve seat body 16 with a bottom part 20 of a z. B. pot-shaped perforated disc 21 concentric and firmly connected so that the bottom part 20 with its upper End face 44 on the lower end face 17 of the Valve seat body 16 abuts.

Die Verbindung von Ventilsitzkörper 16 und Lochscheibe 21 erfolgt beispielsweise durch eine umlaufende und dichte, mittels eines Lasers ausgebildete erste Schweißnaht 22. Durch diese Art der Montage ist die Gefahr einer unerwünschten Verformung des Bodenteils 20 in seinem zentralen Bereich 24, in dem sich wenigstens eine, beispielsweise vier durch Stanzen ausgeformte Abspritzlöcher 25 befinden, vermieden.The connection of valve seat body 16 and perforated disk 21 takes place, for example, by a circumferential and dense, first weld seam 22 formed by a laser. With this type of assembly there is a risk of undesirable deformation of the bottom part 20 in its central area 24, in which at least one, for example four injection holes formed by punching 25 are avoided.

An das Bodenteil 20 der beispielsweise topfförmigen Lochscheibe 21 schließt sich ein umlaufender Halterand 26 an. Der Halterand 26 übt eine radiale Federwirkung auf die Wandung der Längsöffnung 3 aus. Dadurch wird beim Einschieben des aus Ventilsitzkörper 16 und Lochscheibe 21 bestehenden Ventilsitzteils in die Längsöffnung 3 des Ventilsitzträgers 1 eine Spanbildung am Ventilsitzteil und an der Längsöffnung 3 vermieden. Der Halterand 26 der Lochscheibe 21 ist mit der Wandung der Längsöffnung 3 beispielsweise durch eine umlaufende und dichte zweite Schweißnaht 30 verbunden.On the bottom part 20 of the pot-shaped, for example Perforated disk 21 closes a circumferential holding edge 26 on. The holding edge 26 exerts a radial spring action on the Wall of the longitudinal opening 3. As a result, the Insert the valve seat body 16 and perforated disk 21 existing valve seat part in the longitudinal opening 3 of Valve seat support 1 chip formation on the valve seat part and avoided at the longitudinal opening 3. The holding edge 26 of the Perforated disk 21 is with the wall of the longitudinal opening 3rd for example by a circumferential and dense second Weld 30 connected.

Die Einschubtiefe des aus Ventilsitzkörper 16 und topfförmiger Lochscheibe 21 bestehenden Ventilsitzteils in die Längsöffnung 3 bestimmt die Voreinstellung des Hubs der Ventilnadel 5, da die eine Endstellung der Ventilnadel 5 bei nicht erregter Magnetspule 10 durch die Anlage des Ventilschließkörpers 7 an einer Ventilsitzfläche 29 des Ventilsitzkörpers 16 festgelegt ist. Die andere Endstellung der Ventilnadel 5 wird bei erregter Magnetspule 10 beispielsweise durch die Anlage des Ankers 11 an dem Kern 12 festgelegt. Der Weg zwischen diesen beiden Endstellungen der Ventilnadel 5 stellt somit den Hub dar.The insertion depth of the valve seat body 16 and pot-shaped perforated disk 21 existing valve seat part in the longitudinal opening 3 determines the default stroke Valve needle 5, since the one end position of the valve needle 5 at non-excited solenoid 10 by the system of Valve closing body 7 on a valve seat surface 29 of the Valve seat body 16 is fixed. The other end position the valve needle 5 is when the solenoid 10 is excited for example by the anchor 11 resting against the core 12 fixed. The path between these two end positions Valve needle 5 thus represents the stroke.

Der kugelförmige Ventilschließkörper 7 wirkt mit der sich in Strömungsrichtung kegelstumpfförmig verjüngenden Ventilsitzfläche 29 des Ventilsitzkörpers 16 zusammen, die in axialer Richtung zwischen der Führungsöffnung 15 und der unteren Stirnseite 17 des Ventilsitzkörpers 16 ausgebildet ist.The spherical valve closing body 7 acts with the in Direction of flow tapering in the shape of a truncated cone Valve seat surface 29 of the valve seat body 16 together, the in the axial direction between the guide opening 15 and the lower end face 17 of the valve seat body 16 is formed is.

Am Umfang des Ventilsitzträgers 1 ist an seinem stromabwärtigen, der Magnetspule 10 abgewandten Ende eine Schutzkappe 40 angeordnet und mittels beispielsweise einer Rastverbindung mit dem Ventilsitzträger 1 verbunden. Ein Dichtring 41 dient zur Abdichtung zwischen dem Umfang des Einspritzventils und einer nicht dargestellten Ventilaufnahme, beispielsweise der Ansaugleitung der Brennkraftmaschine.On the circumference of the valve seat support 1 is on his downstream, the solenoid 10 facing end one Protective cap 40 arranged and by means of, for example Snap connection connected to the valve seat support 1. A Sealing ring 41 serves to seal between the circumference of the Injector and one, not shown Valve holder, for example the intake line of the Internal combustion engine.

Die Figur 2 zeigt die Lochscheibe 21 mit ihren im zentralen Bereich 24 angeordneten Abspritzlöchern 25. Die beispielsweise vier Abspritzlöcher 25 befinden sich z. B. symmetrisch um die Ventillängsachse 2 in Form von Eckpunkten eines Quadrates verteilt und besitzen damit jeweils den gleichen Abstand zueinander und zur Ventillängsachse 2. Das Bodenteil 20 der Lochscheibe 21 besitzt die obere Stirnseite 44, die einer zweiten ebenen Fläche entspricht, und eine gegenüberliegende untere Stirnseite 19, die einer ersten ebenen Fläche entspricht.FIG. 2 shows the perforated disk 21 with its central one Area 24 arranged spray holes 25. Die for example, four spray holes 25 are located e.g. B. symmetrical about the valve longitudinal axis 2 in the form of corner points of a square and thus each have the equal distance from each other and to the valve longitudinal axis 2. Das Bottom part 20 of the perforated disc 21 has the upper end face 44, which corresponds to a second flat surface, and one opposite lower end face 19, that of a first corresponds to a flat surface.

Bisher ist es üblich, so wie in der Figur 3 dargestellt, das Stanzen der Abspritzlöcher 25 in der Lochscheibe 21 in der Richtung vorzunehmen, wie auch die Richtung der späteren Mediumströmung sein wird. Der Stanzvorgang erfolgt also bei bekannten Lochscheiben 21 von der ersten Fläche 19 aus bis hin zur zweiten Fläche 44, wobei die erste Fläche 19 im eingebauten Zustand stromaufwärts der zweiten Fläche 44 liegt.So far, it is common, as shown in Figure 3, that Punching the spray holes 25 in the perforated disc 21 in the Direction, as well as the direction of the later ones Medium flow will be. The punching process therefore takes place at known perforated disks 21 from the first surface 19 to towards the second surface 44, the first surface 19 in installed state upstream of second surface 44 lies.

Im Gegensatz dazu werden die Abspritzlöcher 25 am erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzventil in entgegengesetzter Richtung eingebracht. Die Stanzrichtung wird durch einen Pfeil 45 angezeigt. Die Stanzstempel des Stanzwerkzeugs treffen also zuerst auf die erste Fläche 19 des Bodenteils 20 der Lochscheibe 21, die in der späteren Einbaulage der Lochscheibe 21 am Einspritzventil stromabwärts der zweiten Fläche 44 liegt, und durchdringen das Material der Lochscheibe 21 bis zur zweiten Fläche 44, wo sie aus dem Material austreten. Die Stanzrichtung verläuft somit entgegengesetzt der Mediumströmungsrichtung (Figur 2).In contrast, the spray holes 25 are Injector according to the invention in the opposite Direction introduced. The punching direction is indicated by a Arrow 45 is displayed. The stamps of the punching tool So first hit the first surface 19 of the bottom part 20 of the perforated disc 21, which in the later installation position Perforated disk 21 on the injection valve downstream of the second Surface 44 lies, and penetrate the material of the Perforated disc 21 to the second surface 44, where it from the Leak material. The punching direction thus runs opposite to the medium flow direction (Figure 2).

In der Figur 3 ist ein Abspritzloch 25 in einer Lochscheibe 21 dargestellt, so wie es beim bisher üblichen Stanzen entsteht. Die bekannten Lochscheiben besitzen je nach Werkstoff eine Zugfestigkeit von 400 bis 600 N/mm2. Die aus diesen Werten resultierende relativ geringe Härte ist die Ursache dafür, daß an der ersten Fläche 19 durch den Eintritt des Stanzstempels ein Stanzeinzug 50, also eine Querschnittsvergrößerung des Abspritzloches 25, auftritt, während an der zweiten Fläche 44 ein Grat 51, der über die Fläche 44 hinaussteht, entsteht. Die Folgen dieser Erscheinungen am Abspritzloch 25, die nicht maßstäblich dargestellt sind, sind vergleichsweise große Durchfluß- und Strahlwinkelstreuungen. FIG. 3 shows a spray hole 25 in a perforated disk 21, as is the case with punching which has been customary to date. Depending on the material, the known perforated disks have a tensile strength of 400 to 600 N / mm 2 . The relatively low hardness resulting from these values is the reason why a punch feed 50, that is to say a cross-sectional enlargement of the injection hole 25, occurs on the first surface 19 due to the entry of the punch, while a burr 51 on the second surface 44 extends over the Surface 44 protrudes, arises. The consequences of these phenomena at the spray hole 25, which are not shown to scale, are comparatively large flow and jet angle scatterings.

Die Figur 4 zeigt im Vergleich dazu ein Abspritzloch 25 in der Lochscheibe 21, die aus einem Material größerer Härte als dem Material der Lochscheibe 21 nach Figur 3 gefertigt ist. Die Lochscheibe 21 weist nun eine Zugfestigkeit von > 800 N/mm2 auf, was ungefähr einer Vickershärte von > 300 HV1 entspricht. Die üblichen Lochscheiben 21 sind beispielsweise durch Kaltverfestigung auf eine größere Materialhärte zu bringen. Die größere Materialhärte führt dazu, daß kein bzw. nur vernachlässigbar geringer Stanzeinzug bzw. Grat auftritt. Durch die größere Sprödigkeit des Materials erfolgt nun keine Gratbildung, sondern es ergibt sich ein Stanzausbruch 52 am Abspritzloch 25, und zwar bricht das Material an der Austrittsfläche des Stanzstempels, also an der zweiten Fläche 44 aus. Dieser Stanzausbruch 52 vergrößert etwas den Querschnitt des Abspritzloches 25 nur in der Nähe der zweiten Fläche 44. Die Streuung der Durchflußmengen kann hierdurch zwar verringert werden; die Strahlwinkelstreuung bleibt durch den Stanzausbruch 52 an der stromabwärts liegenden zweiten Fläche 44 erhalten.In comparison, FIG. 4 shows a spray hole 25 in the perforated disk 21, which is made of a material of greater hardness than the material of the perforated disk 21 according to FIG. 3. The perforated disk 21 now has a tensile strength of> 800 N / mm 2 , which corresponds approximately to a Vickers hardness of> 300 HV1. The usual perforated disks 21 can be brought to a greater material hardness, for example, by work hardening. The greater material hardness means that there is little or no negligible punching or burring. Due to the greater brittleness of the material, there is no burr formation, but there is a punch breakout 52 at the injection hole 25, and the material breaks out on the exit surface of the punch, that is to say on the second surface 44. This punch cutout 52 slightly enlarges the cross section of the spray hole 25 only in the vicinity of the second surface 44. The scatter of the flow rates can be reduced as a result; the beam angle scattering is retained by the punch cutout 52 on the downstream second surface 44.

In der Figur 5 ist nun eine Lochscheibe 21 mit einem Abspritzloch 25 teilweise dargestellt, das in entgegengesetzter Richtung zur späteren Mediumströmungsrichtung gestanzt wurde, nämlich von der ersten Fläche 19 ausgehend zur zweiten Fläche 44 hin, so wie es der Pfeil 45 für die Stanzrichtung anzeigt. Die Materialeigenschaften sind dabei die gleichen wie bei der in Figur 4 gezeigten Lochscheibe 21, die Zugfestigkeit des Materials liegt also ebenfalls bei > 800 N/mm2. Der durch das Stanzen entstandene Stanzausbruch 52 liegt auch in diesem Fall an der zweiten Fläche 44 der Lochscheibe 21, jedoch im eingebauten Zustand im Einspritzventil dem Ventilschließkörper 7 zugewandt. An der stromabwärts liegenden ersten Fläche 19, an der das Medium, hier beispielsweise Brennstoff, unmittelbar aus dem Abspritzloch 25 austritt, existiert ein qualitativ guter Abspritzbereich, der durch das Stanzen kaum negative Erscheinungen aufweist. Der Übergang des Abspritzloches 25 zur ersten Fläche 19 ist also relativ scharfkantig ausgebildet und weist daher nahezu keine beim Abspritzen negative Wirkungen verursachende Verformungen auf. Insbesondere die Strahlwinkelstreuung bleibt vorteilhafterweise durch diese Anordnung sehr gering. Durch eine Variation der Stempeldurchmesser des Stanzwerkzeugs läßt sich die Streuung der Durchflußmenge noch weiter reduzieren.FIG. 5 shows a perforated disk 21 with a spray hole 25, which was punched in the opposite direction to the later medium flow direction, namely from the first surface 19 to the second surface 44, as indicated by the arrow 45 for the punching direction. The material properties are the same as for the perforated disk 21 shown in FIG. 4, the tensile strength of the material is therefore also> 800 N / mm 2 . In this case too, the punch cutout 52 created by the punching lies on the second surface 44 of the perforated disk 21, but in the installed state in the injection valve faces the valve closing body 7. On the downstream first surface 19, on which the medium, here, for example, fuel, emerges directly from the spray hole 25, there is a qualitatively good spray region which has hardly any negative phenomena due to the punching. The transition from the spraying hole 25 to the first surface 19 is therefore relatively sharp-edged and therefore has almost no deformations which cause negative effects when spraying. In particular, the beam angle scatter advantageously remains very low due to this arrangement. The variation in the flow rate can be reduced even further by varying the punch diameter of the punching tool.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Lochscheibe 21 ist bei jeder Form der Lochscheibe möglich, also auch bei Lochscheiben, die keinen Halterand 26 aufweisen.The configuration of the perforated disk 21 according to the invention is possible with every shape of the perforated disc, also with Perforated disks that do not have a holding edge 26.

Claims (2)

  1. Injection valve, in particular a fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, with a perforated disc (21) which has a first surface (19) and a second surface (44) and has at least one spray hole (25), which is produced by punching, the punching direction being from the first surface towards the second surface, characterized in that the perforated disc (21) has a tensile strength of >800 N/mm2 and the perforated disc (21) is installed in the injection valve in such a way that the first surface (19) lies downstream of the second surface (44).
  2. Injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the tensile strength of the perforated disc (21) of >800 N/mm2 additionally corresponds to a Vickers hardness of >300 HV1.
EP95103810A 1994-04-02 1995-03-16 Injection valve Expired - Lifetime EP0675283B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4411554 1994-04-02
DE4411554A DE4411554A1 (en) 1994-04-02 1994-04-02 Injector

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EP0675283A1 EP0675283A1 (en) 1995-10-04
EP0675283B1 true EP0675283B1 (en) 1998-06-03

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US (1) US5626295A (en)
EP (1) EP0675283B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07279798A (en)
DE (2) DE4411554A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2117317T3 (en)

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JP2002054533A (en) * 2000-08-16 2002-02-20 Unisia Jecs Corp Fuel injection valve and method for manufacturing nozzle plate used in the fuel injection valve
DE10042956A1 (en) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-21 Siemens Ag Nozzle body for fuel injection valves has protective cap of thrmally insulating material for nozzle tip
US7003880B2 (en) * 2001-10-05 2006-02-28 Denso Corporation Injector nozzle and method of manufacturing injector nozzle
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US6945478B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2005-09-20 Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation Fuel injector having an orifice plate with offset coining angled orifices
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US7490784B2 (en) * 2002-06-10 2009-02-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Injector for injecting fuel
US20040163254A1 (en) * 2002-12-27 2004-08-26 Masanori Miyagawa Method for manufacturing injection hole member
US20060107526A1 (en) * 2004-11-22 2006-05-25 Von Bacho Paul S Iii Process for inserting flow passages in a work piece
CN107842453B (en) * 2016-09-20 2022-04-12 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Fuel injection module for port fuel injector
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DE59502382D1 (en) 1998-07-09
US5626295A (en) 1997-05-06
DE4411554A1 (en) 1995-10-05
JPH07279798A (en) 1995-10-27
EP0675283A1 (en) 1995-10-04
ES2117317T3 (en) 1998-08-01

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