EP0674137B1 - Hot water supply system with recirculation - Google Patents

Hot water supply system with recirculation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0674137B1
EP0674137B1 EP19950103591 EP95103591A EP0674137B1 EP 0674137 B1 EP0674137 B1 EP 0674137B1 EP 19950103591 EP19950103591 EP 19950103591 EP 95103591 A EP95103591 A EP 95103591A EP 0674137 B1 EP0674137 B1 EP 0674137B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
tap
circulation
branch
circulation line
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19950103591
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0674137A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Spiegel
Robert Böhm
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MACK-BOEHM, HEIKE
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Mack-Bohm Heike
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Publication of EP0674137A1 publication Critical patent/EP0674137A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0078—Recirculation systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0078—Recirculation systems
    • F24D17/0084—Coaxial tubings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0089—Additional heating means, e.g. electric heated buffer tanks or electric continuous flow heaters, located close to the consumer, e.g. directly before the water taps in bathrooms, in domestic hot water lines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/6416—With heating or cooling of the system
    • Y10T137/6552—With diversion of part of fluid to heat or cool the device or its contents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/85954—Closed circulating system
    • Y10T137/85962—With thermal circulating means [thermo-siphons]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hot water supply system with a water heater and Branch lines to the tapping points, one Branch line with a circulation line of essential is provided with a smaller cross-section which is a first section inside the stub runs and there open in the area of the tap ends, the one running outside the branch line second part of the circulation line pressure-resistant material, a pipe branch is present, the continuous tube part the branch line and its branch pipe the circulation line takes up, and the first Part of the circulation line that goes to the tap runs, inserted at the end into the branch pipe is.
  • Hot water supply system connected cools the water in them will decrease over time if no withdrawal takes place.
  • a circulation line to circulate the water of significantly smaller cross-section than to constantly circulate the branch line. she will guided inside the branch line and ends open in the area of the tap, so that the radiation losses be reduced and a simple and inexpensive relocation or retrofitting of existing ones Systems is possible (DE 37 10 771). It's necessary, for example in the area of a circulation pump, that part of the circulation line outside the branch line runs, so it is from the Document DE 85 33 721 known that this part made of pressure-resistant material to the operating pressure to withstand the water supply system.
  • the invention has become Task given a hot water supply system to be specified at which water is always available at all taps the desired temperature is available low energy losses and flow resistance has as well as easy to set up and install is.
  • this object is achieved by that the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe with the Long axis of the branch line an acute angle forms the opposite of the flow direction a hot water ring line is open in the branch line is present by the water heater runs and in which the heated water below the influence of gravity or by Pump driven circulates, the stub lines depart from the loop and the ends of the second Part of the circulation line on the branch pipe and open via another pipe branch lead to the loop.
  • the water is starting from a heater through a ring line in the consumer area guided.
  • the length of the ring line but limited by the individual tap points, for example a building or a floor, connected to the ring lines via spur lines are.
  • the short length of the loop has the consequence that their heat losses are limited are easy to install required and the performance of its operation necessary circulation pump can be limited.
  • With that hot water is always available at the tap are the branch lines with a circulation line inside, close to the tap ends open inside the line. The other The end of the circulation line opens via a pipe branch open on the loop.
  • the branch line undergoes convection Branch and circulation line held by the Temperature dependence of the density or the Flow in the ring line is driven and promotes warm water in the area of the tap.
  • the circulation line partly runs outside the branch line, being the implementation of the circulation line through the wall of the branch line in a pipe branch takes place, the continuous tube part the branch line is.
  • the section of the Circulation pipe that runs to the tap is inserted at the end into the branch pipe; the remaining section of the circulation line, the leads back to the ring line, is at the end of the branch pipe attached.
  • the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe forms with the longitudinal axis of the branch line an acute angle, which is preferably essential is below 90 ° and opposite to the direction of flow is open in the branch line. On this prevents the circulation line kinks excessively in the branch line and especially in the case of retrofitting can be inserted into the branch line without there is a risk of damage.
  • the proposed hot water supply system provides at the taps in an advantageous manner always warm water ready.
  • the hot water production takes place in a central water heater with ring line and is in terms of efficiency and supply price accordingly low.
  • spur lines avoids that the loop is unnecessarily long and the associated Energy losses due to heat radiation and flow resistance as well as the installation effort grow too strong.
  • the inside of the Circulation line running stub is reduced in this area the heat losses are significant; it is also possible in this way to existing Retrofitting plants with little effort.
  • This advantage is due to the special design of the pipe branch piece, which prevents that the circulation line kinks when it is in an existing branch line is inserted.
  • the circulation line which in Inside the branch line, made of flexible Material.
  • the circulation line can be both for the new installation and for retrofitting of hot water supply systems also problem-free in the areas of the branch line laying that are curved. Furthermore, the Easy introduction to the pipe branch.
  • the supply system is said to be drinking quality water submit, it is necessary that the material the circulation line is food safe.
  • a preferred circulation line is on the inner one Surface of the stub attached.
  • the attachment is continuous because individual fastenings spaced apart to swirl the water in the Can lead the flow resistance elevated.
  • Hot water is usually used to prepare Mixed water with different end temperatures used. While high at individual taps Water temperatures are required in others Areas, such as in the bathroom of a household, not necessary that warm water is essential is released above body temperature.
  • the operating larger parts of the water supply system with less Operating temperature reduces heat loss or allows less effort in the Line insulation. It is therefore intended that Stub lines connected to a mixing device are, in turn, from the hot water ring line and fed to a cold water pipe.
  • a mixing device When using a mixing device is a Circulation line heater with temperature sensor and control, such as a water heater with low power, expedient. This ends the circulation line is not immediately in the loop, but near the mixing device in the branch line. In this way, the energy wasting Process prevents comparative cold mixed water back into the Ring line promoted and replaced by hot water is that in the mixing device immediately with cold water is mixed. Furthermore, an exact Regulation of the mixing temperature of the small circulation volume technically difficult and easier can be realized with an additional heater with low output.
  • the circulation line has a circulation pump, both Circulation directions are possible.
  • a pump creates a circulation even if this is under the Influence of gravity is not possible, for example if circulation and stub in the same Level are guided, or the circulation high flow resistance oppose, for example if it takes place across a mixing device.
  • the circulation pump in one embodiment a control unit on the pumping process interrupts during water withdrawal.
  • a water withdrawal with a pressure drop in the Stub line it can be with a Determine the pressure sensor attached there.
  • a convenient hot water supply system is with a central control unit for circulation pump, Heating and / or mixing device equipped and connected to the sensors.
  • a central control unit opens up further possibilities of an automatic Operation of the system and additional Protective measures, for example switching off the Heating if the circulation pump fails. With help a timer will lower the temperature overnight or occasional heating of the Mixed water allowed to kill germs.
  • Hot water supply system is the water in one Heater (1) warms and circulates, preferably driven by a pump, by a Ring line (2). Via stub lines (3), of which only one complete for reasons of clarity is drawn, the heated water arrives to the taps (4). So at the taps (4) hot water is immediately available, if they have not been removed for a long time has, the stub lines (3) with a Provide circulation line (5) through which the cooled Water from the area of the tap (4) taken and in the warmer, near the ring line (2) part of the branch line (3) A circulation pump (6) is promoted. The in Area of the tap (4) circulation pipe open at the end (5) is partly inside the Branch line (3) led to the heat radiation to reduce and reduce the installation effort.
  • An input device is preferred (15) of the control unit (13) in the area a tap (4) arranged.
  • a tap is a motion detector (16) expedient so that the control unit can determine the presence of people and only in this case the water at the tap (4) via the heater (11) or the mixing device (9) brings to operating temperature.
  • one Pressure sensor (17) attached in the branch line (3), with which the one associated with a water withdrawal Pressure drop can be determined so that the Circulation pump (6) and also the heater (11) via the Control unit (13) switched off during water withdrawal becomes.
  • the pipe branch (7) and the end of the circulation line (5) in the area of the tap (4) are shown in Figure 2 on a larger scale.
  • the water flows from the branch line (3) into the open end (19) of the circulation line (5).
  • the fastening of the circulation line (5) inside the branch line (3) is made with a continuous Bridge (20).
  • the circulation line (5) In the pipe branch (7) occurs the circulation line (5) at an acute angle, see above that it is not excessively kinked into the branch pipe (21) a.
  • To the operating pressure of the system to withstand is the circulation line in their further course as a pressure-resistant tube (22).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Domestic Hot-Water Supply Systems And Details Of Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

The circuit has the water heated by circulation through a hot water heater (1) and fed to a ring line (2), supplying the tap-off lines (3) for each of the taps (4) via gravity or a pump. Each tap-off line has a circulation line (5) of reduced cross-section, part of which extends through the tap-off line and terminates at the tap, the part lying outside the tap-off line made of a pressure-resistant material. The external part of the circulation line is fitted to the tap-off line via a branch connector with a small cross-section branch connection at an acute angle to the flow direction in the tap-off line, the major part of the branch connector leading to the ring line. Pref. a central control device (13) for the hot water supply only operates the water heater and the pump etc. when a movement detector (16) indicates the presence of someone adjacent one of the taps.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Warmwasserversorgungsanlage mit einem Wassererhitzer und Stichleitungen zu den Zapfstellen, wobei eine Stichleitung mit einer Zirkulationsleitung von wesentlich geringerem Querschnitt versehen ist, von der ein erstes Teilstück im Inneren der Stichleitung verläuft und dort offen im Bereich der Zapfstelle endet, der außerhalb der Stichleitung verlaufende zweite Teil der Zirkulationsleitung aus druckfestem Material besteht, ein Rohrabzweigstück vorhanden ist, dessen durchgehendes Rohr Bestandteil der Stichleitung ist und dessen Abzweigrohr die Zirkulationsleitung aufnimmt, und das erste Teilstück der Zirkulationsleitung, das zur Zapfstelle verläuft, endseitig in das Abzweigrohr eingeschoben ist.The invention relates to a hot water supply system with a water heater and Branch lines to the tapping points, one Branch line with a circulation line of essential is provided with a smaller cross-section which is a first section inside the stub runs and there open in the area of the tap ends, the one running outside the branch line second part of the circulation line pressure-resistant material, a pipe branch is present, the continuous tube part the branch line and its branch pipe the circulation line takes up, and the first Part of the circulation line that goes to the tap runs, inserted at the end into the branch pipe is.

Zentrale Warmwasserbereitungseinrichtungen weisen im Stand der Technik eine Ringleitung auf, durch die das Wasser zirkuliert und an die die Zapfstellen angeschlossen sind (DE 36 20 551). Auf diese Weise wird gewährleistet, daß auch nach einer längeren Entnahmepause an einer Zapfstelle sofort warmes Wasser bereit steht. Eine Ringleitung ist jedoch bei der Installation und insbesondere der Nachrüstung bestehender Systeme sehr aufwendig. Soll an allen Zapfstellen stets sofort heißes Wasser zur Verfügung stehen, so ist die Ringleitung unmittelbar entlang der Zapfstellen zu führen, wodurch ihre Länge sowie die damit verbundenen Wärmeverluste wachsen und eine entsprechend hohe Pumpleistung zur Aufrechterhaltung der Zirkulation erforderlich ist. Die Ringleitungen können hierbei unterschiedliche Querschnitte (großer Querschnitt im Vorlauf, demgegenüber geringerer Querschnitt im Rücklauf) aufweisen.Central hot water facilities show in the prior art on a loop which the water circulates and to which the taps are connected (DE 36 20 551). To this This ensures that even after a long period Withdrawal pause at a tap immediately warm Water is ready. However, a loop is during installation and especially the Retrofitting existing systems is very complex. Always hot water at all taps are available, so is the loop to lead directly along the taps, which their length and the associated heat losses grow and a correspondingly high pumping capacity required to maintain circulation is. The ring lines can do this different cross sections (large cross section in the lead, compared to a smaller cross section in Return).

Werden Zapfstellen über Stichleitungen an eine Warmwasserversorgungsanlage angeschlossen, kühlt sich in ihnen das Wasser mit der Zeit ab, wenn keine Entnahme stattfindet. Um dies zu vermeiden, ist es bekannt, das Wasser mittels einer Zirkulationsleitung von wesentlich geringerem Querschnitt als die Stichleitung ständig umzuwälzen. Sie wird im Inneren der Stichleitung geführt und endet offen im Bereich der Zapfstelle, so daß die Abstrahlverluste verringert werden und eine einfache und preiswerte Neuverlegung oder Nachrüstung bestehender Systeme möglich ist (DE 37 10 771). Ist es notwendig, beispielsweise im Bereich einer Umwälzpumpe, daß ein Teil der Zirkulationsleitung außerhalb der Stichleitung verläuft, so ist es aus der Druckschrift DE 85 33 721 bekannt, daß dieser Teil aus druckfestem Material besteht, um dem Betriebsdruck der Wasserversorgungsanlage standzuhalten. Im Fall der Nachrüstung einer bestehenden Anlage wird die Zirkulationsleitung über ein T-Stück in die Stichleitung eingeführt und bis zur Zapfstelle vorgeschoben. Bei dieser Vorgehensweise besteht jedoch der Nachteil, daß die Vorschubrichtung nur schlecht kontrollierbar ist und die Zirkulationsleitung zunächst gegenüber der Einführöffnung in etwa rechtem Winkel auf die Innenseite der Stichleitung trifft, so daß sie während des Vorschubs zur Zapfstelle beständig geknickt und dabei häufig beschädigt wird. Weiterhin ist es problematisch, lange Stichleitungen mit einer derartigen Zirkulationsleitung auszustatten, da aufgrund des geringen Querschnittes mit zunehmender Leitungslänge ein schnell wachsender Förderdruck zur Aufrechterhaltung der Zirkulation notwendig ist. Daher werden Zirkulationsleitungen im Inneren einer Stichleitung meist im Zusammenhang mit einem lokalen Warmwassererzeuger verwandt, der einer zentralen Warmwasserbereitung in bezug auf Wirkungsgrad und Betriebskosten wesentlich unterlegen ist.Are tap points connected to a branch line Hot water supply system connected, cools the water in them will decrease over time if no withdrawal takes place. To avoid this it is known to use a circulation line to circulate the water of significantly smaller cross-section than to constantly circulate the branch line. she will guided inside the branch line and ends open in the area of the tap, so that the radiation losses be reduced and a simple and inexpensive relocation or retrofitting of existing ones Systems is possible (DE 37 10 771). It's necessary, for example in the area of a circulation pump, that part of the circulation line outside the branch line runs, so it is from the Document DE 85 33 721 known that this part made of pressure-resistant material to the operating pressure to withstand the water supply system. in the Case of retrofitting an existing system the circulation line via a T-piece into the Branch line inserted and advanced to the tap. However, with this approach the disadvantage that the feed direction is poor is controllable and the circulation line initially roughly right opposite the insertion opening Angle on the inside of the stub hits, so that during the feed to the tap constantly kinked and often damaged becomes. Furthermore, it is problematic for a long time Stub lines with such a circulation line equip because of the low Cross section with increasing cable length fast growing delivery pressure to maintain circulation is necessary. Therefore Circulation lines inside a branch line mostly in connection with a local water heater related to a central water heating in terms of efficiency and operating costs is significantly inferior.

Vor diesem Hintergrund hat sich die Erfindung zur Aufgabe gestellt, eine Warmwasserversorgungsanlage anzugeben, bei der an allen Zapfstellen stets Wasser der gewünschten Temperatur bereit steht, die geringe Energieverluste und Strömungswiderstände aufweist sowie einfach aufgebaut und installierbar ist.Against this background, the invention has become Task given a hot water supply system to be specified at which water is always available at all taps the desired temperature is available low energy losses and flow resistance has as well as easy to set up and install is.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Längsachse des Abzweigrohres mit der Längsachse der Stichleitung einen spitzen Winkel bildet, der entgegengesetzt der Strömungsrichtung in der Stichleitung geöffnet ist, eine Warmwasserringleitung vorhanden ist, die durch den Wassererhitzer verläuft und in der das erhitzte Wasser unter dem Einfluß der Schwerkraft oder durch eine Pumpe angetrieben zirkuliert, die Stichleitungen von der Ringleitung abgehen und die Enden des zweiten Teilstücks der Zirkulationsleitung am Abzweigrohr sowie über ein weiteres Rohrabzweigstück offen an der Ringleitung münden.According to the invention, this object is achieved by that the longitudinal axis of the branch pipe with the Long axis of the branch line an acute angle forms the opposite of the flow direction a hot water ring line is open in the branch line is present by the water heater runs and in which the heated water below the influence of gravity or by Pump driven circulates, the stub lines depart from the loop and the ends of the second Part of the circulation line on the branch pipe and open via another pipe branch lead to the loop.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Warmwasserversorgungsanlage wird das Wasser ausgehend von einem Erhitzer durch eine Ringleitung in den Bereich der Verbraucher geführt. Dabei wird die Länge der Ringleitung jedoch begrenzt, indem die einzelnen Zapstellen, zum Beispiel eines Gebäudes oder eines Stockwerkes, über Stichleitungen an die Ringleitungen angeschlossen sind. Die geringe Länge der Ringleitung hat zur Folge, daß ihre Wärmeverluste begrenzt sind, zu ihrer Verlegung nur ein geringer Aufwand erforderlich und die Leistung der zu ihrem Betrieb notwendigen Umwälzpumpe begrenzbar ist. Damit an den Zapfstellen stets warmes Wasser bereit steht, sind die Stichleitungen mit einer Zirkulationsleitung in ihrem Inneren versehen, die nahe der Zapfstelle offen im Leitungsinneren endet. Das andere Ende der Zirkulationsleitung mündet über ein Rohrabzweigstück offen an der Ringleitung. Bei hinreichendem Abstand dieser Einmündung vom Abzweigort der Stichleitung findet eine Konvektion durch Stich- und Zirkulationsleitung statt, die durch die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Wasserdichte oder die Strömung in der Ringleitung angetrieben ist und warmes Wasser in den Bereich der Zapfstelle fördert. Dazu ist es notwendig, daß die Zirkulationsleitung zum Teil außerhalb der Stichleitung verläuft, wobei die Durchführung der Zirkulationsleitung durch die Wand der Stichleitung in einem Rohrabzweigstück erfolgt, dessen durchgehendes Rohr Bestandteil der Stichleitung ist. Das Teilstück der Zirkulationsleitung, das zur Zapfstelle verläuft, ist endseitig in das abzweigende Rohr eingeschoben; das übrige Teilstück der Zirkulationsleitung, das zurück zur Ringleitung führt, ist endseitig am Abzweigrohr befestigt. Die Längsachse des Abzweigrohres bildet mit der Längsachse der Stichleitung einen spitzen Winkel, der vorzugsweise wesentlich unter 90° liegt und entgegengesetzt der Strömungsrichtung in der Stichleitung geöffnet ist. Auf diese Weise wird vermieden, daß die Zirkulationsleitung in der Stichleitung übermäßig stark abknickt und sich insbesondere im Fall einer Nachrüstung in die Stichleitung einführen läßt, ohne daß die Gefahr ihrer Beschädigung besteht.In the hot water supply system according to the invention the water is starting from a heater through a ring line in the consumer area guided. The length of the ring line but limited by the individual tap points, for example a building or a floor, connected to the ring lines via spur lines are. The short length of the loop has the consequence that their heat losses are limited are easy to install required and the performance of its operation necessary circulation pump can be limited. With that hot water is always available at the tap, are the branch lines with a circulation line inside, close to the tap ends open inside the line. The other The end of the circulation line opens via a pipe branch open on the loop. With sufficient Distance of this junction from the branch point the branch line undergoes convection Branch and circulation line held by the Temperature dependence of the density or the Flow in the ring line is driven and promotes warm water in the area of the tap. To do this, it is necessary that the circulation line partly runs outside the branch line, being the implementation of the circulation line through the wall of the branch line in a pipe branch takes place, the continuous tube part the branch line is. The section of the Circulation pipe that runs to the tap, is inserted at the end into the branch pipe; the remaining section of the circulation line, the leads back to the ring line, is at the end of the branch pipe attached. The longitudinal axis of the branch pipe forms with the longitudinal axis of the branch line an acute angle, which is preferably essential is below 90 ° and opposite to the direction of flow is open in the branch line. On this prevents the circulation line kinks excessively in the branch line and especially in the case of retrofitting can be inserted into the branch line without there is a risk of damage.

Die vorgeschlagene Warmwasserversorgungsanlage stellt auf vorteilhafte Weise an den Zapfstellen ständig warmes Wasser bereit. Die Warmwassererzeugung erfolgt in einem zentralen Warmwasserbereiter mit Ringleitung und ist in bezug auf Wirkungsgrad und Bereitstellungspreis entsprechend günstig. Durch Verwendung von Stichleitungen wird vermieden, daß die Ringleitung unnötig lang und die zugehörigen Energieverluste auf Grund von Wärmeabstrahlung und Strömungswiderständen sowie der Installationsaufwand zu stark anwachsen. Die im Inneren der Stichleitung verlaufende Zirkulationsleitung vermindert in diesem Bereich die Wärmeverluste wesentlich; zudem ist es auf diese Weise möglich, bestehende Anlagen mit geringem Aufwand nachzurüsten. Dieser Vorteil wird durch die spezielle Gestaltung des Rohrabzweigstückes verstärkt, das verhindert, daß die Zirkulationsleitung abknickt, wenn sie in eine bestehende Stichleitung eingeschoben wird.The proposed hot water supply system provides at the taps in an advantageous manner always warm water ready. The hot water production takes place in a central water heater with ring line and is in terms of efficiency and supply price accordingly low. Using spur lines avoids that the loop is unnecessarily long and the associated Energy losses due to heat radiation and flow resistance as well as the installation effort grow too strong. The inside of the Circulation line running stub is reduced in this area the heat losses are significant; it is also possible in this way to existing Retrofitting plants with little effort. This advantage is due to the special design of the pipe branch piece, which prevents that the circulation line kinks when it is in an existing branch line is inserted.

In einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung bestehen Teilstücke der Zirkulationsleitung, die im Inneren der Stichleitung verlaufen, aus flexiblem Material. Auf diese Art läßt sich die Zirkulationsleitung sowohl bei der Neuinstallation als auch bei der Nachrüstung von Warmwasserversorgungsanlagen auch in den Bereichen der Stichleitung problemfrei verlegen, die gekrümmt sind. Weiterhin wird so die Einführung in das Rohrabzweigstück erleichtert.In an advantageous development of the invention exist sections of the circulation line, which in Inside the branch line, made of flexible Material. In this way, the circulation line can be both for the new installation and for retrofitting of hot water supply systems also problem-free in the areas of the branch line laying that are curved. Furthermore, the Easy introduction to the pipe branch.

Soll die Versorgungsanlage das Wasser in Trinkqualität abgeben, so ist es notwendig, daß das Material der Zirkulationsleitung lebensmittelecht ist.The supply system is said to be drinking quality water submit, it is necessary that the material the circulation line is food safe.

Eine bevorzugte Zirkulationsleitung ist auf der inneren Oberfläche der Stichleitung befestigt. Dadurch wird eine sichere und strömungsmäßig günstige Führung der Zirkulationsleitung erreicht und vermieden, daß sie weitere Entnahmeöffnungen der Stichleitung bei einer Verschiebung zusetzt. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Befestigung durchgehend, da einzelne, im Abstand voneinander angeordnete Befestigungen zu einer Verwirbelung des Wassers in der Stichleitung führen können, die den Strömungswiderstand erhöht. Im Hinblick auf die Herstellung der Rohrleitungen ist insbesondere die Befestigung über einen Steg günstig.A preferred circulation line is on the inner one Surface of the stub attached. Thereby becomes a safe and streamlined favorable Management of the circulation line reached and avoided, that they have further removal openings of the Stub line clogged during a shift. Preferably the attachment is continuous because individual fastenings spaced apart to swirl the water in the Can lead the flow resistance elevated. With regard to the manufacture of the Pipelines is particularly about fixing a bar cheap.

Das von einer zentralen Versorgungsanlage abgegebene Warmwasser wird in der Regel zur Bereitung von Mischwasser mit unterschiedlichen Endtemperaturen verwendet. Während an einzelnen Zapfstellen hohe Wassertemperaturen erforderlich sind, ist es in anderen Bereichen, etwa im Badezimmer eines Haushaltes, nicht notwendig, daß warmes Wasser wesentlich über Körpertemperatur abgegeben wird. Das Betreiben größerer Teile der Wasserversorgungsanlage mit geringer Betriebstemperatur vermindert Wärmeverluste bzw. gestattet einen geringeren Aufwand bei der Leitungsisolation. Daher ist vorgesehen, daß Stichleitungen an eine Mischvorrichtung angeschlossen sind, die ihrerseits aus der Warmwasserringleitung und einer Kaltwasserleitung gespeist ist.The one delivered by a central utility Hot water is usually used to prepare Mixed water with different end temperatures used. While high at individual taps Water temperatures are required in others Areas, such as in the bathroom of a household, not necessary that warm water is essential is released above body temperature. The operating larger parts of the water supply system with less Operating temperature reduces heat loss or allows less effort in the Line insulation. It is therefore intended that Stub lines connected to a mixing device are, in turn, from the hot water ring line and fed to a cold water pipe.

Bei Verwendung einer Mischvorrichtung ist eine Heizvorrichtung der Zirkulationsleitung mit Temperatursensor und -steuerung, etwa ein Durchlauferhitzer mit geringer Leistung, zweckmäßig. Dabei endet die Zirkulationsleitung nicht unmittelbar in der Ringleitung, sondern nahe der Mischvorrichtung in der Stichleitung. Auf diese Weise wird der energieverschwendende Prozeß verhindert, daß vergleichsweise kaltes Mischwasser zurück in die Ringleitung gefördert und durch heißes Wasser ersetzt wird, das in der Mischvorrichtung sofort mit kaltem Wasser vermengt wird. Weiterhin ist eine exakte Regelung der Mischtemperatur der geringen Zirkulationsmenge technisch schwierig und einfacher durch eine Zusatzheizung mit geringer Leistung realisierbar.When using a mixing device is a Circulation line heater with temperature sensor and control, such as a water heater with low power, expedient. This ends the circulation line is not immediately in the loop, but near the mixing device in the branch line. In this way, the energy wasting Process prevents comparative cold mixed water back into the Ring line promoted and replaced by hot water is that in the mixing device immediately with cold water is mixed. Furthermore, an exact Regulation of the mixing temperature of the small circulation volume technically difficult and easier can be realized with an additional heater with low output.

Darüberhinaus wird vorgeschlagen, daß die Zirkulationsleitung eine Umwälzpumpe aufweist, wobei beide Umwälzrichtungen möglich sind. Eine Pumpe erzeugt auch dann eine Zirkulation, falls diese unter dem Einfluß der Schwerkraft nicht möglich ist, etwa wenn Zirkulations- und Stichleitung in der gleichen Ebene geführt sind, oder der Zirkulation hohe Strömungswiderstände entgegenstehen, zum Beispiel wenn sie über eine Mischvorrichtung hinweg erfolgt.In addition, it is proposed that the circulation line has a circulation pump, both Circulation directions are possible. A pump creates a circulation even if this is under the Influence of gravity is not possible, for example if circulation and stub in the same Level are guided, or the circulation high flow resistance oppose, for example if it takes place across a mixing device.

Während der Warmwasserentnahme aus einer Zapfstelle ist es nicht notwendig, daß das Wasser durch die Zirkulationsleitung umgewälzt wird; je nach Umwälzrichtung wird der Entnahmevorgang dabei sogar behindert. Daher weist die Umwälzpumpe in einer Ausgestaltung eine Steuereinheit auf, die den Pumpvorgang während einer Wasserentnahme unterbricht. Da eine Wasserentnahme mit einem Druckabfall in der Stichleitung einhergeht, läßt sie sich mit einem dort angebrachten Drucksensor ermitteln.During hot water withdrawal from a tap it is not necessary that the water through the Circulation line is circulated; depending on the direction of circulation the removal process is even hindered. Therefore, the circulation pump in one embodiment a control unit on the pumping process interrupts during water withdrawal. There a water withdrawal with a pressure drop in the Stub line, it can be with a Determine the pressure sensor attached there.

Eine zweckmäßige Warmwasserversorgungsanlage ist mit einer zentralen Steuereinheit für Umwälzpumpe, Heiz- und/oder Mischvorrichtung ausgestattet und mit den Sensoren verbunden. Eine zentrale Steuereinheit eröffnet weitere Möglichkeiten eines automatischen Betriebes der Anlage sowie zusätzlicher Schutzmaßnahmen, zum Beispiel eine Abschaltung der Heizung bei Ausfall der Umwälzpumpe. Mit Hilfe einer Zeitschaltuhr wird eine Temperaturabsenkung über Nacht oder ein gelegentliches Aufheizen des Mischwassers zum Abtöten von Keimen gestattet.A convenient hot water supply system is with a central control unit for circulation pump, Heating and / or mixing device equipped and connected to the sensors. A central control unit opens up further possibilities of an automatic Operation of the system and additional Protective measures, for example switching off the Heating if the circulation pump fails. With help a timer will lower the temperature overnight or occasional heating of the Mixed water allowed to kill germs.

In Verbindung mit einer zentralen Steuereinheit erlaubt ein Bewegungsmelder, das Wasser in der Zapfstelle nur dann auf Betriebstemperatur zu bringen, wenn sich eine Person in ihrer Nähe befindet und damit besonders bei selten genutzten Zapfstellen Energie einzusparen. Durch eine Eingabeeinrichtung im Bereich einer Zapfstelle wird eine bequeme Bedienung der Steuereinheit realisiert.Allowed in connection with a central control unit a motion detector, the water in the tap only bring to operating temperature if a person is in their vicinity and so especially with rarely used tapping points Save energy. Through an input device in the area of a tap there is easy operation the control unit.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung lassen sich dem nachfolgenden Beschreibungsteil entnehmen, in dem anhand der Zeichnung ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert wird. Die Zeichnung zeigt in prinzipienhafter Darstellung in

Figur 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Warmwasserversorgungsanlage
Figur 2
ein erfindungsgemäßes Rohrabzweigstück
Further details, features and advantages of the invention can be found in the following description, in which an embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows a basic representation in
Figure 1
a hot water supply system according to the invention
Figure 2
a pipe branch piece according to the invention

Bei der in Figur 1 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Warmwasserversorgungsanlage wird das Wasser in einem Erhitzer (1) erwärmt und zirkuliert, vorzugsweise durch eine Pumpe angetrieben, durch eine Ringleitung (2). Über Stichleitungen (3), von denen aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit nur eine vollständig gezeichnet ist, gelangt das erwärmte Wasser zu den Zapfstellen (4). Damit an den Zapfstellen (4) auch dann sofort warmes Wasser bereit steht, wenn an ihnen längere Zeit keine Entnahme stattgefunden hat, sind die Stichleitungen (3) mit einer Zirkulationsleitung (5) versehen, durch die das abgekühlte Wasser aus dem Bereich der Zapfstelle (4) entnommen und in den wärmeren, nahe der Ringleitung (2) befindlichen Teil der Stichleitung (3) mit Hilfe einer Umwälzpumpe (6) gefördert wird. Die im Bereich der Zapfstelle (4) endseitig offene Zirkulationsleitung (5) wird zum Teil in Inneren der Stichleitung (3) geführt, um die Wärmeabstrahlung zu vermindern und den Installationsaufwand zu verringern. Nahe der Umwälzpumpe (6) ist sie durch ein Rohrabzweigstück (7) aus der Stichleitung (3) geführt und endet nach Durchlaufen der Umwälzpumpe (6) über ein T-Stück (8), das vorzugsweise nahe der Abzweigung von der Ringleitung (2) angeordnet ist, in der Stichleitung (3).In the invention shown in Figure 1 Hot water supply system is the water in one Heater (1) warms and circulates, preferably driven by a pump, by a Ring line (2). Via stub lines (3), of which only one complete for reasons of clarity is drawn, the heated water arrives to the taps (4). So at the taps (4) hot water is immediately available, if they have not been removed for a long time has, the stub lines (3) with a Provide circulation line (5) through which the cooled Water from the area of the tap (4) taken and in the warmer, near the ring line (2) part of the branch line (3) A circulation pump (6) is promoted. The in Area of the tap (4) circulation pipe open at the end (5) is partly inside the Branch line (3) led to the heat radiation to reduce and reduce the installation effort. Near the circulation pump (6) it is through a Pipe branch piece (7) out of the branch line (3) and ends after passing through the circulation pump (6) via a T-piece (8), which is preferably close to the Branch from the ring line (2) is arranged, in the branch line (3).

Eine weitere Energieersparnis läßt sich beim Betrieb der Warmwasserversorgungsanlage erzielen, indem Stichleitungen, die an Zapfstellen angeschlossen sind, an denen nur mäßig warmes Wasser benötigt wird, über einen Mischvorrichtung (9) an die Ringleitung (2) angeschlossen sind, wobei dem das Wasser der Ringleitung mit Wasser aus einer Kaltwasserleitung (10) durchmischt und damit auf die benötigte Temperatur gebracht wird. Da es in diesem Fall unzweckmäßig wäre, das kühlere Mischwasser durch die Zirkulationsleitung (5) in die Ringleitung (2) zurückzuführen und gleichzeitig heißes Wasser durch eine Vermischung abzukühlen, erfolgt die Temperaturregulierung mittels einer Heizung (11), die in der Zirkulationsleitung (5) angeordnet ist. Dabei dient ein Temperatursensor (12) in der Stichleitung (3) in Zusammenarbeit mit einer zentralen Steuereinheit (13) zur Temperaturregulierung der Heizung (11) sowie über einen Stellmotor (14) der Mischvorrichtung (9). Bevorzugt wird eine Eingabeeinrichtung (15) der Steuereinheit (13) im Bereich einer Zapfstelle (4) angeordnet. Bei nur gelegentlich benutzten Zapfstellen ist ein Bewegungsmelder (16) zweckmäßig, so daß die Steuereinheit die Anwesenheit von Personen ermitteln kann und nur in diesem Fall das Wasser an der Zapfstelle (4) über die Heizung (11) oder die Mischvorrichtung (9) auf Betriebstemperatur bringt. Schließlich ist ein Drucksensor (17) in der Stichleitung (3) angebracht, mit dem der mit einer Wasserentnahme verbundene Druckabfall feststellbar ist, so daß die Umwälzpumpe (6) und auch die Heizung (11) über die Steuereinheit (13) während der Wasserentnahme abgeschaltet wird. Zur Erleichterung der Installation der Anlage ist es vorteilhaft, die im strichpunktiert umrandeten Bereich (18) dargestellten Komponenten in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse zu integrieren.Another energy saving can be achieved during operation the hot water supply system by Stub lines connected to tapping points are where only moderately warm water is required is, via a mixing device (9) to the Ring line (2) are connected, which the Water from the ring line with water from a cold water line (10) mixed and thus on the required temperature is brought. Since it is in this The cooler mixed water would be inappropriate through the circulation line (5) into the ring line (2) traced and hot at the same time Cooling water by mixing takes place temperature regulation by means of a heater (11) arranged in the circulation line (5) is. A temperature sensor (12) is used in the Branch line (3) in cooperation with a central Control unit (13) for temperature regulation the heater (11) and a servomotor (14) the mixing device (9). An input device is preferred (15) of the control unit (13) in the area a tap (4) arranged. At only occasionally used tap is a motion detector (16) expedient so that the control unit can determine the presence of people and only in this case the water at the tap (4) via the heater (11) or the mixing device (9) brings to operating temperature. After all, is one Pressure sensor (17) attached in the branch line (3), with which the one associated with a water withdrawal Pressure drop can be determined so that the Circulation pump (6) and also the heater (11) via the Control unit (13) switched off during water withdrawal becomes. To facilitate installation the plant it is advantageous to use the dash-dotted lines outlined area (18) components shown to integrate in a common housing.

Das Rohrabzweigstück (7) sowie das Ende der Zirkulationsleitung (5) im Bereich der Zapfstelle (4) sind in Figur 2 in größerem Maßstab dargestellt. Das Wasser strömt aus der Stichleitung (3) in das offene Ende (19) der Zirkulationsleitung (5) ein. Die Befestigung der Zirkulationsleitung (5) im Inneren der Stichleitung (3) erfolgt mit einem durchgehenden Steg (20). Im Rohrabzweigstück (7) tritt die Zirkulationsleitung (5) in spitzem Winkel, so daß sie nicht übermäßig geknickt wird, in das Abzweigrohr (21) ein. Um dem Betriebsdruck der Anlage standzuhalten, ist die Zirkulationsleitung in ihrem weiteren Verlauf als druckfestes Rohr (22) ausgeführt.The pipe branch (7) and the end of the circulation line (5) in the area of the tap (4) are shown in Figure 2 on a larger scale. The water flows from the branch line (3) into the open end (19) of the circulation line (5). The fastening of the circulation line (5) inside the branch line (3) is made with a continuous Bridge (20). In the pipe branch (7) occurs the circulation line (5) at an acute angle, see above that it is not excessively kinked into the branch pipe (21) a. To the operating pressure of the system to withstand is the circulation line in their further course as a pressure-resistant tube (22).

Claims (13)

  1. Hot water supply system having a water heater (1) and tap lines (3) to the taps (4), whereby one tap line (3) is provided with a circulation line (5) of substantially smaller cross section, from which a first section extends inside the tap line (3) and ends there openly in the region of the tap (4), the second part of the circulation line (5) extending outside the tap line (3) consists of pressure-proof material, a branch pipe (7) is provided whose through pipe is a component of the tap line (3) and whose branch pipe (21) receives the circulation line (5), and the first section of the circulation line (5), which extends to the tap (4), is pushed endways into the branch pipe (21), wherein
    the longitudinal axis of branch pipe (21) forms an acute angle with the longitudinal axis of tap line (3), which is opened in the tap line (3) opposite the flow direction
    a hot water ring line (2) is present which extends through said water heater (1) and in which the heated water circulates under the influence of gravity or driven by a pump,
    said tap lines (3) branch off from said ring line (2)
    and the end of the second section of said circulation line (5) empties at branch pipe (21) and via a further pipe branch openly at said ring line (2).
  2. System according to claim 1, wherein the sections of circulation line (5) extending inside tap line (3) consist of flexible material.
  3. System according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of circulation line (5) is foodstuff proof.
  4. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the part of circulation line (5) extending inside tap line (3) is affixed to the inside surface of the former.
  5. System according to claim 4, wherein said affixation is continuous.
  6. System according to claim 4 or 5, wherein said affixation is achieved via stay (20).
  7. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said tap line (3) is connected to a mixing device (9), which for its part is fed out of said ring line (2) and a cold water line (10).
  8. System according to claim 7, wherein said circulation line (5) extends through a heating (11) with temperature sensor (12) and control and ends on the ring line side in said tap line.
  9. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said circulation line (5) has a circulating pump (6).
  10. System according to claim 9, wherein said circulating pump (6) has a control unit with pressure sensor (17) disposed in the tap line, which interrupts the pump process if the pressure falls and starts it if the pressure increases.
  11. System according to one of claims 7 to 10, wherein a central control unit (13) is provided for circulating pump (6), heating (11) and/or mixing device (9) and is connected to the sensors.
  12. System according to claim 11, wherein a motion detector (16) is connected to the central control unit (13).
  13. System according to claim 11 or 12, wherein said control unit (13) has an input device (15) in the region of a tap (4).
EP19950103591 1994-03-23 1995-03-13 Hot water supply system with recirculation Expired - Lifetime EP0674137B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4409927 1994-03-23
DE19944409927 DE4409927A1 (en) 1994-03-23 1994-03-23 Water supply system with automatic mixing system

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EP0674137A1 EP0674137A1 (en) 1995-09-27
EP0674137B1 true EP0674137B1 (en) 1998-02-11

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EP (1) EP0674137B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE163222T1 (en)
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US5586720A (en) 1996-12-24
DK0674137T3 (en) 1998-09-23
DE59501425D1 (en) 1998-03-19
DE4409927A1 (en) 1995-09-28
EP0674137A1 (en) 1995-09-27
ATE163222T1 (en) 1998-02-15

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