EP0672437B1 - Vorrichtung zum Veränderen der natürlichen Druckverteilung eines Skis aus Schnee - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum Veränderen der natürlichen Druckverteilung eines Skis aus Schnee Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0672437B1
EP0672437B1 EP95101029A EP95101029A EP0672437B1 EP 0672437 B1 EP0672437 B1 EP 0672437B1 EP 95101029 A EP95101029 A EP 95101029A EP 95101029 A EP95101029 A EP 95101029A EP 0672437 B1 EP0672437 B1 EP 0672437B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ski
rocker
assembly
base plate
bearing
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP95101029A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0672437A1 (de
Inventor
Joel Arduin
Jacques Le Masson
Pierre Szafranski
Bernard Couderc
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Salomon SAS
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Salomon SAS
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Publication of EP0672437A1 publication Critical patent/EP0672437A1/de
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Publication of EP0672437B1 publication Critical patent/EP0672437B1/de
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C9/00—Ski bindings
    • A63C9/003—Non-swivel sole plate fixed on the ski

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fixing assembly comprising an interface device between a boot and a ski, aimed at modifying the natural distribution of a ski on its surface slips.
  • the invention also relates to a ski equipped with the set of binding elements.
  • the skis which are used for alpine skiing are made up of boards relatively long, on which the skier's shoes are retained by elements front and rear fixing. Shoes and fasteners are found approximately in the middle area of the ski.
  • the skis present in themselves, at rest, a natural camber, by which the middle area is raised naturally by compared to the front end of the ski, or tip, and the rear end of the ski, or heel.
  • the skis have a flexibility which is due to their internal structure. When skiing, the ski deforms elastically in response to the various stresses to which it is submitted by the skier, but also by the terrain on which he slides.
  • interface devices which are interposed between the fastening elements and the ski.
  • Such interfaces are for example known from patent applications published under WO 83/03360, EP 492 658, EP 409 749. These devices modify the flexibility of the ski beam, by stiffening it, or else with a damping effect. However, these devices act passively, i.e. they only react to bending determined of skiing.
  • This device gives good results because of its dynamic nature, but it is not suitable not for all situations or all types of skiing. In particular, it lacks efficiency in the initiations of turns.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to propose an interface device which has an action dynamic on the distribution of the ski on the snow and which improves the aptitude of a ski to turn, especially at the start of the turn.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose an interface device which is adaptable to a standard ski.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose an interface device which is relatively simple to build.
  • the movable probe is located under the front of the shoe, and because of this, it is more sensitive to pressure variations from the front of the shoe on its support. Such a variation occurs significantly when the skier gives an impulse to initiate his turn.
  • FIG. 1 represents a ski 1, seen from the side in its middle zone. Elements of binding 3 and 4 are mounted on the ski in this middle zone.
  • the fastening elements 3 and 4 are of any suitable type.
  • the front fastening element 3 has in known manner a jaw 5 for retaining the front end of the shoe.
  • the jaw is carried by a body 6, and the body is itself mounted on a base plate 7 by which the binding element is assembled to the ski.
  • the rear fastening element 4 has a jaw 8 carried by a body 9.
  • the body 9 is slidably mounted along a base 10 shaped as a slide oriented in the longitudinal direction of the ski, and a spring, called a recoil spring, resiliently pushes the body forward.
  • Each fixing element 3, 4 is also associated with a support plate 12, 13, on which rests the shoe sole.
  • the interface device which is the subject of the present invention is located in the area ski median.
  • the device comprises a probe movable in a substantially vertical direction.
  • the probe is formed by the support plate 12 on which rests the front end of the shoe sole.
  • the support plate 12 extends rearwardly the base 7 of the fastening element, and the assembly formed by the base and the support plate is mounted on a base plate 15 which is articulated in its front part around a transverse axis 16 carried by a bearing 17 so connected in solidarity with skiing.
  • the base plate 15 appears as a plate general rectangular shape which extends approximately in a horizontal plane, and it presents its upper surface a mounting area 18 on which the front fixing element is assembled.
  • the base plate has an inextensible nature so as to transmit to the ski through the axis 16 and the bearing 17 the tensile stresses which are applied to its rear end.
  • the articulation axis 16 is preferably raised relative to the upper surface of the ski, and the base plate 15 is itself raised relative to the upper surface of the ski.
  • a damping means such as a block 20 of elastically deformable material is inserted between the upper surface of the ski and the base plate.
  • the material may have shock absorbing, or viscoelastic properties.
  • Block 20 contributes to the maintenance of the base plate in a horizontal position, and it elastically opposes its rotation around the axis 16.
  • any other means of articulation other than an axis is suitable for ensuring the substantially vertical movement of the rear end of the base plate and the probe.
  • the rear part of the base plate is connected by an articulation around a transverse axis 21 to a rocker 22.
  • the function of the rocker is to return the horizontal plates to the base plate. vertical forces applied to the probe 12.
  • the rocker 22 has two approximately perpendicular branches, one branch approximately vertical 23 and an approximately horizontal branch 24.
  • the hinge pin 21 with the base plate 15 is located at the top of the vertical branch 23.
  • the horizontal branch 24 extends forward, and its front end is supported against a stud 25 which is integrally connected to the ski.
  • support of the rocker on the pad 25 is advantageously embodied by a transverse pin 24a located at the front end of the branch 24. This pin facilitates the rotation of the rocker by pressing on the stud 25.
  • the lower end of the vertical branch 23 of the rocker is retained in a direction horizontal by an elongated traction member 26 which comes from the rear of the ski.
  • the traction member 26 is connected to the rocker 22 around a axis 19.
  • the traction member 26 has an inextensible nature. It is connected backwards to a plate rear base 27 which is located under the base 10 of the rear fixing element, and which is secured skiing. Its rear end enters a housing 28 of the base plate 27, and it is assembled to the base plate by a pin 29.
  • connection means is suitable.
  • the traction member 26 works essentially in traction, it is possible to produce it in the form an inextensible but deformable ribbon or cable.
  • the articulation connections of organ 26 to rocker and to the base plate 27 could be replaced by joining the ends tape or cable respectively to the rocker and the base plate, the relative movement between these elements necessary for the operation of the device originating from the deformation of the ribbon or of the cable.
  • the rear end of the traction member 26 could be secured not to the rear base plate 27, but directly to the ski in front of the base plate base, or to the base 10 of the fixing element.
  • the important thing is that the traction member 26 is connected to a fixed point on the ski. The height at which the traction member 26 is connected to the ski determines the lift arm with which a force conveyed by the traction member will be transmitted to the ski.
  • a vertical stress exerted on the probe forces the rocker to tilt relative to the stud 25 around the end of its horizontal branch 24.
  • the hinge pin 21 is forced to move back, which induces in the base plate 15 a traction stress which is transmitted to the ski by the bearing 17.
  • the traction member 26 transmits towards the rear of the ski a traction stress which in turn induces on the rear end of the ski a bending moment which tends to lift the end in question.
  • Block 20 is also compressed.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates such an operation of the device.
  • the bending moments induced on the front and rear of the ski are more or less strong depending on the attitude of the axis 16 and of the pin 29, respectively, relative to the upper surface of the ski.
  • the bending moment induced on the back of the ski is negligible, and only the front end of the ski is requested upwards.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the device which has just been described.
  • the base 15 is connected to a rocker 30 by a transverse axis 31 in the same way as in the previous case.
  • the rocker 30 is however hinged here at its base around an axis transverse 32 carried by a bearing 33 secured to the upper surface of the ski in front of the plumb of the axis 31.
  • the axis 32 is located below the attitude of the front axis 16.
  • the axis 31 is higher than the axis 16 so that the stress applied by the base plate 15 to the axis 16 has a vertical component upwards.
  • the rocker 30 and the axes 31 and 32 can be offset more or less far behind the front fixing element 3, which influences the nature and intensity of the bending moment applied to the front end of the ski.
  • the rear binding element could be assembled to the ski using the same connection method for generate on the back of the ski a bending moment tending to raise this end.
  • Figure 6 illustrates another alternative embodiment.
  • the interface device is of the same type as that described in relation to FIG. 1, with a front base plate 15, a rocker 22, one branch of which is in abutment against a stud 25, and a traction member 26 which comes from the back.
  • the main difference is in the mounting of the rear fixing element.
  • the body 9 of the rear fixing element 4 is slidably mounted along a base shaped like a slide, and a recoil spring shown diagrammatically at 35 housed in the body 9 pushes back the body forward, in an elastic manner, taking support with respect to a fixed point of the ski.
  • a lock shown diagrammatically at 36, or another means also makes it possible to adjust the longitudinal position of the body as well as the intensity of this push back as a function of the length of the shoe. It's the lock which makes the connection between the body and the ski.
  • the main function of the recoil spring is to produce an elastic clamping of the sole. shoe between the front and rear fasteners. This spring is also required to compression when the ski flexes, to absorb the length differences between the ski which forms a bow, and the shoe that forms the string of the bow.
  • this reaction is channeled by an inextensible blade 38 which extends between the lock 36 and a fixed point on the ski located on the front, for example the stud 25, or else before this one.
  • the blade 38 present in its rear part a series of notches 39, and the latch 36 has teeth which penetrate into a part of these notches.
  • This blade brings back the reaction of recoil to the front. It preferably brings this reaction back to the area where the reverse pull has another component of opposite direction, i.e. in the area of the front fixing element.
  • the recoil constraints therefore follow a circuit which does not affect almost no skiing.
  • the slide 40 along which the body is slidably mounted is fixedly attached to the ski.
  • the slide has on the front the support plate 13 on which rests the shoe sole.
  • the backing plate could however be linked to the body.
  • the traction member 26, for its part, is connected by the pin 26 to the front part 41 of the slide 40, that is to say to a fixed element on the ski.
  • the device works similar to that of FIG. 1, with the difference that when the ski flexes due to tensile stresses, the recoil spring does not tend to compress and oppose this bending.
  • the body of the rear element can back off because it is connected to the front of the middle area of the ski by the blade 38 which forms the rope the arch in parallel with the shoe sole.
  • the element is brought closer of rear attachment to the front attachment element is less than in the case of FIG. 1. The effect flexion of the ski is therefore improved by the fact that the recoil spring does not directly oppose this bending.
  • the base 7 of the front fixing element 3 is integrally connected to the ski.
  • the base 10 of the rear binding element is integrally connected to the ski.
  • the base 10 surmounts a base plate 47.
  • the base 10 forms the slide along which the body 9 is slidably mounted, under the action of the recoil spring 35 which resiliently pushes forward.
  • the spring 35 bears against the latch 36.
  • the probe is here formed by the front support plate 42 on which the front end of the shoe.
  • the front support plate is mounted articulated in rotation about a transverse axis located towards the front of the plate.
  • This axis can be materialized by an axis or a pin. It can also be fictitious.
  • the rear part of the support plate 42 rests on the horizontal branch 43 of a rocker 44.
  • the rocker 44 also has a vertical branch 45 which is articulated at its base around a transverse axis carried by a fixed bearing on the ski.
  • the bearing is for example formed by the part rear of base 7.
  • An inextensible blade 46 connects the top of the vertical branch 45 to the latch 36 of the element rear fixing. Like the blade 38, the blade 46 has notches in its rear part for the latch teeth. The lock is therefore connected integrally to the rear end of the blade 46.
  • a stopper is used to block the lock backwards.
  • this stop is formed by the cooperation of two lateral cutouts of the blade 49 and 50 with two lateral studs 51 and 52 which go up from the base plate 47.
  • the cutouts have a length greater than that of the studs, to allow the blade to move forward relative to the studs.
  • This device works as follows. In the presence of the shoe and at nominal speed, the recoil spring 35 pushes the body forward, the reaction of which keeps the lock against its stop, that is to say that the cutouts 49 and 50 of the blade are in abutment against the studs 51 and 52. The blade is however stretched, so as to keep the support of the plate suspended. bearing 42 on branch 43 of the rocker. Thus, the backward reaction is transmitted to the ski mainly by the base plate 47 of the rear fixing element. This reaction creates a bending moment which tends to increase the camber of the ski, i.e. to press the ends skiing on the snow. This is known to those skilled in the art.
  • the blade releases its traction on the bolt, and the reaction of the retreat is gradually retransmitted to the ski by the base plate 47.
  • the ends of the ski are again flexed against snow.
  • the front part of the device is similar to that of FIG. 6, with a plate of base 15 articulated around an axis 16 to a bearing 17.
  • the rear of the base plate 15 is connected to a rocker.
  • the rear part of the device is similar to what has been described in connection with FIGS. 7 and 8, with the body 9 mounted sliding along a slide 10 secured to the ski, a blade 53 on which the latch 36 is engaged, and the stop formed by the cutouts of the blade 53 cooperating with the studs 51, 52 of the base plate 47.
  • the blade 53 is connected forwards to the base of the vertical branch of the rocker.
  • a vertical stress on the probe causes both a stress which is transmitted to the bearing 17 and to the ski in the form of a bending moment tending to raise the spatula, and at the same time a transfer of the reaction of the forward recoil of the middle area of the ski, which improves the ability of the ski to flex in the direction of a raising of its extremities.

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  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Gesamtheit von Bindungselementen, die dazu vorgesehen ist, einen Schuh auf einem Ski zu halten, wobei die Gesamtheit dazu bestimmt ist, an der oberen Oberfläche eines Ski in seinem mittleren Bereich montiert zu werden, und vordere (3) und hintere (4) Bindungselemente aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen sind, jeweils die vorderen und hinteren Enden eines Schuhes zu halten, wobei zumindest das vordere Element eine Abstützplatte (12, 42) aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen ist, die Sohle des Schuhes aufzunehmen, wobei die Gesamtheit außerdem eine Übergangsvorrichtung aufweist, um die natürliche Verteilung des Druckes des Ski auf dem Schnee zu verändern, wobei die Vorrichtung aufweist:
    einen Fühler, der in Richtung der oberen Oberfläche des Ski beweglich ist und dazu geeignet ist, die Beanspruchungen des Schuhes in Richtung der oberen Oberfläche des Ski aufzunehmen, wenn die Gesamtheit an der oberen Oberfläche des Ski montiert ist,
    ein Lager (17, 57), das sich in Richtung eines Endes der Gesamtheit befindet und dazu vorgesehen ist, mit der oberen Oberfläche des Skis verbunden zu sein,
    eine Basisplatte (27, 41, 47, 55) in Richtung des anderen Endes der Gesamtheit, die dazu vorgesehen ist, mit der oberen Oberfläche des Skis verbunden zu sein,
    eine Umlenk-Kippvorrichtung (22, 44), die zwei ungefähr senkrechte Zweige aufweist, wobei ein Zweig (23, 45) ungefähr senkrecht zum Ski und ein anderer Zweig (24, 43) ungefähr parallel zum Ski ist, wenn die Gesamtheit an der oberen Oberfläche des Ski montiert ist,
    Verbindungseinrichtungen (15, 26, 53, 46), die die Kippvorrichtung jeweils mit dem Lager (17, 57) und der Basisplatte (27, 41, 47, 55) verbinden, wobei die Verbindungseinrichtungen mit der Kippvorrichtung durch Anlenkungen (19, 21) verbunden sind, die längs des Zweiges (23, 45), der senkrecht zu der Kippvorrichtung genannt ist, versetzt sind,
    einen Abstützbereich am Ende des anderen Zweiges der Kippvorrichtung (24, 43) für den Fühler oder einen Klotz (25), der dazu vorgesehen ist, mit der oberen Oberfläche des Ski verbunden zu sein,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    das Lager und die Basisplatte (27, 41, 47, 55) sich jeweils in Richtung der vorderen und hinteren Bindungselemente befinden,
    der bewegliche Fühler die Abstützplatte (12, 42) ist, die dem vorderen Halteelement zugeordnet ist,
    die Verbindungseinrichtung (15, 26, 53, 46) zwischen der Kippvorrichtung (22, 44) und der Basisplatte, die dazu vorgesehen ist, mit dem Ski verbunden zu sein, eine nicht ausdehnbare Zugeinrichtung ist,
    die Anlenkungen (19, 21) der Verbindungseinrichtungen mit dem Zweig (23, 45) der Kippvorrichtung, der senkrecht genannt wird (23, 45), bezüglich einander angeordnet sind, damit eine Abstützung auf dem anderen Zweig der Kippvorrichtung Zugbeanspruchungen auf das Lager (17, 57) und die Basisplatte (27, 41, 47, 55) induziert.
  2. Gesamtheit gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der andere Zweig (24) der Kippvorrichtung (22) sich auf einen Klotz (25) abstützt, der dazu vorgesehen ist, fest mit der oberen Oberfläche des Ski verbunden zu sein, daß die Verbindung zwischen dem Lager (17) und der Kippvorrichtung (22) eine zweite Basisplatte (15) aufweist, die auf ihrer oberen Oberfläche einen Montagebereich (18) für das vordere Bindungselement einschließlich seiner Abstützplatte aufweist, und wobei die Enden der zweiten Basisplatte jeweils an dem Lager und an der Kippvorrichtung angelenkt sind.
  3. Gesamtheit gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das vordere Bindungselement dazu vorgesehen ist, fest mit dem Ski verbunden zu werden, und daß das Bindungselement eine bewegliche Abstützplatte (42) aufweist, deren vorderer Teil in Rotation um eine transversale Achse angelenkt ist, die sich in Richtung nach vorne der Platte befindet, und deren hinterer Teil auf dem Abstützbereich des anderen Zweiges (43) der Kippvorrichtung (44) ruht.
  4. Gesamtheit gemaß einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Basisplatte (27) dazu vorgesehen ist, fest mit dem Ski verbunden zu sein, daß sie das hintere Bindungselement (4) trägt und daß die nicht ausdehnbare Zugeinrichtung (26) fest mit der Basisplatte (27) verbunden ist.
  5. Gesamtheit gemaß einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, bei der das hintere Bindungselement (4) längs einer Gleitschiene (10, 40) beweglich ist und in Richtung nach vorne durch eine Rücklauffeder zurtickgeholt wird, wobei die longitudinale Position des Gehäuses längs der Gleitschiene durch eine Verriegelung (36) bestimmt ist, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die nicht ausdehnbare Zugeinrichtung ein Blatt (46, 53) ist, dessen Ende eine Vielzahl von Einkerbungen aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen sind, fest mit der Verriegelung des Endes des Blattes verbunden zu sein.
  6. Gesamtheit gemäß Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Blatt (43, 53) zwei seitliche Einschnitte (49, 50) aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen sind, mit zwei lateralen Klötzen (51, 52) der Basisplatte (47) so zusammenzuwirken, daß sie einen Blockieranschlag in Richtung nach hinten der Verriegelung (36) bilden.
  7. Gesamtheit gemäß Anspruch 2, bei der das hintere Bindungselement ein Gehäuse (9) aufweist, das längs der Gleitschiene (40) beweglich ist und in Richtung nach vorne durch eine Rücklauffeder (35) zurückgeholt wird, wobei die longitudinale Position des Gehäuses längs der Gleitschiene durch eine Verriegelung (36) bestimmt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein nicht ausdehnbares Blatt (38) sich von einem vorderen Punkt, der dazu vorgesehen ist, fest mit dem Ski befestigt zu sein, in Richtung nach hinten erstreckt, und daß das hintere Ende des Blattes eine Vielzahl von Einkerbungen aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen sind, die Verriegelung mit dem Ende des Blattes zu verbinden.
  8. Gesamtheit von Bindungselementen, die dazu vorgesehen ist, einen Schuh auf einem Ski zu halten, wobei die Gesamtheit dazu vorgesehen ist, an der oberen Oberfläche eines Ski, in seinem mittleren Bereich montiert zu werden, und vordere (3) und hintere (4) Halteelemente aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen sind, jeweils die vorderen und hinteren Enden eines Schuhes zu halten, wobei zumindest das vordere Element eine Abstützplatte (12) aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen ist, die Sohle des Schuhes aufzunehmen, wobei die Gesamtheit außerdem eine Übergangsvorrichtung aufweist, um die natürliche Verteilung des Druckes des Ski auf dem Schnee zu modifizieren, wobei die Vorrichtung aufweist:
    ein erstes Lager (17), das dazu vorgesehen ist, mit dem Ski verbunden zu sein,
    eine Befestigungsplatte (15), die dazu vorgesehen ist, sich auf überhöhte Weise bezüglich der oberen Oberfläche des Ski zu erstrecken, wenn die Gesamtheit an den Ski montiert ist, und die das vordere Bindungselement (3) trägt, wobei ein erstes Ende der Befestigungsplatte (15) bezüglich des ersten Lagers (17) um eine transversale Achse (16) angelenkt montiert ist,
    ein zweites Lager (33) das dazu vorgesehen ist, fest mit dem Ski verbunden zu sein,
    eine Verbindungseinrichtung zwischen dem zweiten Ende der Befestigungsplatte und dem zweiten Lager,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verbindungseinrichtung eine Kippvorrichtung (30) ist, deren Enden jeweils mit dem zweiten Ende der Befestigungsplatte (15) und dem zweiten Lager um die transversalen Anlerkachsen (31, 32) verbunden sind, und daß der Abstand zwischen den beiden Anlenkachsen der Enden der Befestigungsplatte (16, 31) größer als der Abstand der Anlenkachsen (16, 32) der beiden Lager (17, 33) ist.
  9. Ski, insbesondere zum Alpinskifahren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine Gesamtheit von Bindungselementen gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 8 aufweist.
EP95101029A 1994-02-16 1995-01-26 Vorrichtung zum Veränderen der natürlichen Druckverteilung eines Skis aus Schnee Expired - Lifetime EP0672437B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9401898A FR2716119B1 (fr) 1994-02-16 1994-02-16 Dispositif interface pour modifier la répartition naturelle du ski sur la neige.
FR9401898 1994-02-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0672437A1 EP0672437A1 (de) 1995-09-20
EP0672437B1 true EP0672437B1 (de) 1999-06-09

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ID=9460244

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EP95101029A Expired - Lifetime EP0672437B1 (de) 1994-02-16 1995-01-26 Vorrichtung zum Veränderen der natürlichen Druckverteilung eines Skis aus Schnee

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EP (1) EP0672437B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE180985T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69510113T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2716119B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3602364A1 (de) * 1986-01-27 1987-07-30 Meyer Hans Dipl Ing Fh Federbrett fuer einen ski
FR2684885B1 (fr) * 1991-12-11 1994-02-04 Salomon Sa Dispositif visant a repartir la pression d'un ski sur une surface de glisse.
FR2686798B1 (fr) * 1992-01-31 1994-03-25 Salomon Sa Dispositif visant a modifier la repartition d'un ski sur sa surface de glisse et ski equipe d'un tel dispositif.
FR2687325B1 (fr) * 1992-02-18 1995-10-27 Salomon Sa Dispositif visant a modifier la repartition naturelle d'un ski sur sa surface de glisse, et ski equipe d'un tel dispositif.
DE69301125T2 (de) * 1992-04-17 1996-08-14 Salomon S.A., Metz Ski mit Auflageplatte

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Publication number Publication date
FR2716119A1 (fr) 1995-08-18
EP0672437A1 (de) 1995-09-20
DE69510113T2 (de) 1999-12-09
ATE180985T1 (de) 1999-06-15
DE69510113D1 (de) 1999-07-15
FR2716119B1 (fr) 1996-05-31

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