EP0670364A1 - Liquid bleach composition - Google Patents

Liquid bleach composition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0670364A1
EP0670364A1 EP92923981A EP92923981A EP0670364A1 EP 0670364 A1 EP0670364 A1 EP 0670364A1 EP 92923981 A EP92923981 A EP 92923981A EP 92923981 A EP92923981 A EP 92923981A EP 0670364 A1 EP0670364 A1 EP 0670364A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surfactant
bleach activator
bleaching agent
molar fraction
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92923981A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0670364B1 (en
EP0670364A4 (en
Inventor
Yoshinori 2606 Akabane Tamura
Hiroyuki 649-19 Kamitomatsuricho Yamada
Muneo 217-13 Tsurutacho Aoyagi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kao Corp
Original Assignee
Kao Corp
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Application filed by Kao Corp filed Critical Kao Corp
Priority claimed from PCT/JP1992/001508 external-priority patent/WO1994011484A1/ja
Publication of EP0670364A1 publication Critical patent/EP0670364A1/en
Publication of EP0670364A4 publication Critical patent/EP0670364A4/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
    • C11D3/3947—Liquid compositions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid bleaching agent composition, more particularly to a liquid bleaching agent composition having not only an excellent storage stability but also a good bleaching power.
  • Bleaching agent is chemically classified into chlorine-base bleaching agent and oxygen-base bleaching agent. Further, it is physically classified into solid (powdery) bleaching agent and liquid bleaching agent.
  • the chlorine-base bleaching agent is limited in the kind of fibers to which it can be applied, cannot be used for colored or patterned fabrics, and has a peculiar odor. For this reason, in recent years, an oxygen-base bleaching agent free from these drawbacks has come to widely spread in the art.
  • Sodium percarbonate and sodium perborate are particularly utilized as the solid oxygen-base bleaching agent from the viewpoint of bleaching performance, stability, etc.
  • a liquid oxygen-base bleaching agent wherein use is made of hydrogen peroxide has also considerably spread by virtue of its handleability.
  • a bleaching agent composition comprising a combination of the oxygen-base bleaching agent with various bleach activators are utilized in the art.
  • the activator include nitriles represented by acetonitrile, O-acetylated compounds represented by glucose pentaacetate (GPAC), N-acylated compounds represented by tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) and acid anhydrides represented by maleic anhydride.
  • the bleaching agent composition comprises a mixture of solid substances
  • a good storage stability can generally be attained when the composition comprises a mixture of a solid peracid salt with the above-described solid bleach activator as a dried particle capable of yielding the above-described organic peracid.
  • a good storage stability can generally be attained when the composition comprises a mixture of a solid peracid salt with the above-described solid bleach activator as a dried particle capable of yielding the above-described organic peracid.
  • the composition is exposed to a highly humid environment, for example, in a bathroom, the dry bleaching agent (solid peracid salt) becomes humid, whereby its activity is lowered.
  • hydrogen peroxide which is liquid at an ordinary temperature is used as a peroxide source, it is impossible to provide a bleaching agent composition in a dried particle form.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,970,575 discloses a bleaching agent composition comprising hydrogen peroxide which is stable under an acidic condition and is colored blue with a phthalocyanine pigment.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3,956,159 discloses a liquid bleaching agent composition comprising an organic peracid and its salt dissolved in an anhydrous organic ternary solvent (a three-component solvent). Further, U.S. Patent No.
  • 4,238,192 discloses a liquid bleaching agent composition based on hydrogen peroxide. This composition contains an acid for adjusting the pH value thereof to 1.8 to 5.5 and a nitrogen compound (particularly an amino acid) for imparting a stability thereto.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,130,501 discloses a stable, viscous, liquid bleaching agent composition comprising hydrogen peroxide which contains a surfactant and a thickener being added thereto.
  • a detergent composition comprising an alkylphenolic nonionic surfactant, hydrogen peroxide and a stabilizer (phosphoric acid or the like), and an aqueous concentrate for bleaching having an excellent storage stability and a pH value of 10 or less and containing hydrogen peroxide, a nonionic Tenside and a specified amine oxide as a stabilizer are also known in the art. All of these inventions, however, are ones made for the purpose of stabilizing a liquid bleaching agent composition comprising hydrogen peroxide, and no consideration is given to an improvement in the bleaching power. Further, since no bleach activator is incorporated in all of them, the bleaching power cannot be said to be satisfactory.
  • a liquid bleaching agent composition which utilizes a bleach activator capable of yielding an organic peracid is also known in the art.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,772,290 (assignee: Clorox, date of patent: September 20, 1988) discloses a composition having an excellent storage stability and a low temperature activity and comprising an acidic aqueous solution containing hydrogen peroxide and a solid bleach activator dispersed therein. Since, however, this composition is not transparent and a bleach activator is dispersed therein, it has a drawback that the activator precipitates and separates during storage, so that the object of the use of the composition is remarkably spoiled.
  • this composition also has a drawback that no satisfactory bleaching power can be attained during use because the bleach activator is stored in an aqueous solution and therefore it gradually undergoes hydrolysis.
  • any liquid bleaching agent composition which is transparent and excellent in storage stability and contains, dissolved therein, a bleach activator capable of yielding an organic peracid.
  • a transparent liquid oxygen-base bleaching agent composition having an improved storage stability and a higher bleaching power and containing a bleach activator dissolved therein is required in the art, and an object of the present invention is to provide such a liquid oxygen-base bleaching agent composition.
  • the present inventors have made extensive studies with a view to developing a liquid oxygen-base bleaching agent composition which is excellent in storage stability and transparent and has a higher bleaching power. As a result, they have found that the ⁇ value as an index for the magnitude of interaction between a surfactant and a bleach activator correlates to the storage stability.
  • the present invention provides a transparent liquid bleaching agent composition, characterized by comprising hydrogen peroxide (a), a surfactant (b) and a bleach activator (c) capable of yielding an organic peracid when reacted with hydrogen peroxide, and having a value of an interaction parameter, ⁇ , of a mixed system consisting of the surfactant (b) and the bleach activator (c) as calculated according to the following equation of smaller than -2: wherein C1 : the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant; C2 : the critical micelle concentration of the bleaching activator; ⁇ 1 : the molar fraction of the surfactant in the whole mixed solute (molar fraction of added surfactant); ⁇ 2 : the molar fraction of the bleach activator in the whole mixed solute (molar fraction of added activator); C* : the critical micelle concentration of the mixed system; X1 : the molar fraction of the surfactant in the mixed micelle; and X2 : the molar fraction of the a
  • the interaction parameter ⁇ used herein is defined in "Advances in Colloid and Interface Science", Vol. 26, pp. 111-129 (1986).
  • hydrogen peroxide (a) is incorporated in an amount of 0.3 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 7% by weight, into the composition.
  • the composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants, or at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants.
  • anionic surfactants to be used in the present invention include the following compounds.
  • a nonionic surfactant consisting of the alkyl glycoside(s) represented by the above general formula wherein x (average value) is 0 to 5 and y (average value) is 1 to 10 is preferable.
  • amphoteric surfactant to be used in the present invention examples include a sulfobetaine and a carbobetaine each having a straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • Still preferred examples of the amphoteric surfactant include sulfobetaines and carbobetaines represented by the following general formula (B): wherein R13 represents an alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, R14 and R15, which may be the same or different from each other, represent an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R16 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may have a hydroxyl group, D represents a group or a group, E represents an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, a and b are either both 0 or both 1, and Y ⁇ represents -SO3 ⁇ , -OSO3 ⁇ , -COO ⁇ or -OCOO ⁇ .
  • R13 represents an alkyl group having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, particularly preferably an alkyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • R14 and R15 represent an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, particularly preferably a group having one carbon atom, i.e., methyl group.
  • R16 preferably represents a propylene or hydroxypropylene group having 3 carbon atoms.
  • R16 preferably represents an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • the bleach activator (c) to be used in the present invention which yields an organic peracid when reacted with hydrogen peroxide, is not particularly limited so far as it can be solubilized by a surfactant used for the preparation of the liquid bleaching agent composition of the present invention, and examples thereof include triacetin, a fatty acid anhydride having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, and sodium alkanoyloxybenzenesulfonate.
  • bleach activator include compounds represented by the following general formula (I), including compounds capable of yielding an organic peracid having a quaternary ammonium group: wherein R represents an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkylsubstituted aryl group which may have a group, n is 0 or 1, and L represents an eliminable group having an anionic group.
  • general formula (I) including compounds capable of yielding an organic peracid having a quaternary ammonium group: wherein R represents an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkylsubstituted aryl group which may have a group, n is 0 or 1, and L represents an eliminable group having an anionic group.
  • the total number of carbon atoms in the R is preferably 1 to about 20.
  • L examples include -O-R17-(O) p -SO3 ⁇ and -O-R17-(O) p -SO3M (wherein R17 represents an alkylene group, p is 0 or 1 and M represents H or an alkali metal).
  • R17 represents an alkylene group, p is 0 or 1 and M represents H or an alkali metal.
  • the alkylene group R17 preferably has 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • Preferred examples of the bleach activator include also compounds represented by the following general formula (II): wherein R' represents an alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or alkylsubstituted aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in total and n is 0 or 1.
  • bleach activator include one capable of yielding an organic peracid having a quaternary ammonium group, and specific examples thereof include compounds represented by the following general formula (III): A description will now be made on the general formula (III).
  • R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 14 carbon atoms, A represents -O-, and B represents -(CH2) n -, -(OCH2CH2) n - or (wherein n is 1 to 12, particularly preferably 1 to 5).
  • a and b are either both 0 or both 1, and j is 1 or 0.
  • the linking group is a divalent group and not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a straight-chain or branched alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, a phenylene group, an alkylenephenylene group and an oxyalkylene group (-CH2CH2O-).
  • examples of the eliminable group include the following groups, it is not limited to these examples only: -O-R17-(O) p -SO3 ⁇ and -O-R17-(O) p -SO3M (wherein R17 represents an alkylene group, preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, p is 0 or 1 and M represents H or an alkali metal).
  • X ⁇ represents an inorganic or organic counter ion. However, X ⁇ is absent when the eliminable group is or -O-R17-(O) p -SO3 ⁇ .
  • Specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (III) include the following compounds.
  • the surfactant (b) and the bleach activator (c), which yields an organic peracid when reacted with hydrogen peroxide are incorporated in a total amount ((b) plus (c)) of 0.1 to 50% by weight, preferably 6 to 45% by weight, particularly preferably 8 to 25% by weight, into the liquid bleaching agent composition.
  • the weight ratio of the component (b) to the component (c) is 50/1 to 1/5, preferably 15/1 to 1/1, particularly preferably 10/1 to 3/1.
  • the surfactant (b) and the bleach activator (c), which yields an organic peracid when reacted with hydrogen peroxide are selected in such a manner that the value of the interaction parameter ⁇ of a mixed system consisting of the surfactant (b) and the bleach activator (c) as calculated according to the following equation is smaller than -2, preferably -30 to -3, particularly preferably -20 to -4: wherein C1 : the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant; C2 : the critical micelle concentration of the bleach activator; ⁇ 1 : the molar fraction of the surfactant in the whole mixed solute (molar fraction of added surfactant); ⁇ 2 : the molar fraction of the bleach activator in the whole mixed solute (molar fraction of added activator); C* : the critical micelle concentration of the mixed system; X1 : the molar fraction of the surfactant in the mixed micelle; and X2 : the molar fraction of the bleach activator in the
  • the bleach activator (c) and the surfactant (b) are selected in such a combination that the ⁇ value is smaller than -2, it becomes possible to produce a transparent liquid oxygen-base bleaching composition wherein the bleach activator (c) is in a very stabilized state in the aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution.
  • the surfactant (b) and the bleach activator (c) it is important to select the surfactant (b) and the bleach activator (c) in such a combination that the ⁇ value is smaller than -2.
  • the value of the interaction parameter ⁇ does not depend upon the relative molar ratio such as the molar fractions (X1, X2) of the surfactant and bleach activator in the mixed micelle and the molar fractions ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2) of the surfactant and bleach activator in the whole mixed solute but is uniquely determined by the kind and combination of the surfactant and bleach activator used. Therefore, an aqueous mixed solution comprising equimolar amounts of the surfactant and the bleach activator is selected in the measurement of the ⁇ value.
  • the parameter of interaction ( ⁇ ) between the surfactant and the bleach activator is determined from the above ⁇ 1, C1 and C* as a function of the molar fraction X1, an unknown quantity, of the surfactant in the mixed micelle.
  • the parameter of interaction ( ⁇ ) between the surfactant and the bleach activator is similarly determined from the above ⁇ 2, C2 and C* as a function of the molar fraction X2, an unknown quantity, of the bleach activator in the mixed micelle.
  • the measurement of the interaction parameter ⁇ can be extended to a multi-component system comprising three or more components.
  • the interaction parameter ⁇ can be determined by regarding the mixture of surfactants A1 and A2 as one surfactant and determining the critical micelle concentration of the surfactant and that of the bleach activator. This is also true of the case where the bleaching agent comprises a multi-component system or the surfactant and the bleach activator each comprise a multi-component system.
  • the present inventors have studied on the relationship between the interaction parameter ⁇ and the stability of the liquid bleaching agent composition with respect to a system where various surfactants and bleach agents are present together and, as a result, have found that a transparent liquid oxygen-base bleaching agent composition, wherein a bleach activator is in a very stable state in an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, can be produced only when a combination of the bleach activator with the surfactant is selected in such a manner that the ⁇ value is smaller than -2.
  • the solubilization of the bleach activator in a micelle of the surfactant serves to prevent the occurrence of a reaction of the bleach activator with a bulk solution and contributes to the stabilization of the bleach activator.
  • the system wherein the bleach activator can be more stabilized include a system wherein the rate of exchange of the bleach activator in the micelle with one in a monodisperse state in the bulk solution is lower, a system wherein the probability of the presence of the bleach activator in the micelle is higher, and a system wherein the bleach activator is less liable to react with hydrogen peroxide in the bulk.
  • the bleaching agent composition has a good storage stability in a system wherein the bleach activator difficultly migrates from the mixed micelle to the bulk. It is conceivable that when the bleaching agent composition is diluted during washing or bleaching, the mixed micelle is broken, thus inducing an intended reaction for yielding an organic peracid.
  • a chelating agent (d) can be incorporated into the liquid bleaching agent composition of the present invention.
  • the chelating agent (d) to be used in the present invention include scavengers for a divalent metal ion, for example, the following compounds:
  • the chelating agent (d) enhances the bleaching detergency of the bleaching agent composition and, at the same time, can improve the storage stability. For this reason, the amount of incorporation of the chelating agent in the composition is preferably 0.0005 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably 0.01 to 1% by weight.
  • the liquid bleaching agent composition of the present invention usually contains the above components (a) to (c) or the above components (a) to (d), and water.
  • the pH value of the composition is preferably in a neutral range, or in weakly acidic to acidic range (pH 6 or less, preferably 3.5 or less). If necessary, besides the above components, pH regulators, dispersants, thickeners, perfumes, dyes, fluorescent dyes and enzymes, such as protease, lipase, amylase and cellulase, may be incorporated into the liquid bleaching agent composition of the present invention.
  • the formation of a mixed micelle comprising the two components serves to stabilize the bleach activator.
  • the bleach activator is dissolved in a homogeneous and transparent state in an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide by the formation of the above-described mixed micelle. This provides a transparent liquid oxygen-base bleaching agent composition wherein a bleach activator is in a very stabilized state in an aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide.
  • Nitto black tea (yellow package) was boiled in 3 l of deionized water for about 15 min and filtered through a previously desized bleached cotton.
  • a cotton shirting #2003 cloth was immersed in the filtrate and boiled for about 15 min.
  • the container containing the black tea and the cotton shirting was removed away from the heat source and allowed to stand for 2 hrs.
  • the cotton shirting was spontaneously dried, washed with water until the washing had no color, dehydrated and pressed.
  • the pressed cloth was cut into a test piece having a size of 8 ⁇ 8 cm and applied to the experiment.
  • a sample was placed in a transparent glass container, stored in a thermohygrostatted room at 40°C and 80 %RH for 14 days.
  • the amount of the bleach activator, which yields an organic peracid and is contained in the sample, was measured before and after the storage, and the residual rate of the effective bleach activator was calculated according to the following equation:
  • the surface tensions of a solution of a surfactant (group A in Table 1) alone, a solution of a bleach activator (group B in table 1) alone, and an aqueous mixed solution comprising equimolar amounts of the surfactant and the bleach activator were measured in various concentrations at 25°C.
  • the cmc values of the aqueous solution of a single component and the aqueous mixed solution were determined from the surface tension-concentration curve thus obtained.
  • the interaction parameter ⁇ was determined according to the following equation: The surface tension of each solution was measured with a Surface Tensiometer CBVP-A3 manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
EP92923981A 1992-11-18 1992-11-18 Liquid bleach composition Expired - Lifetime EP0670364B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP1992/001508 WO1994011484A1 (en) 1992-11-18 1992-11-18 Liquid bleach composition
SG1996001492A SG52260A1 (en) 1992-11-18 1992-11-18 Liquid bleaching agent composition

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0670364A1 true EP0670364A1 (en) 1995-09-06
EP0670364A4 EP0670364A4 (en) 1996-07-03
EP0670364B1 EP0670364B1 (en) 1998-04-22

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ID=20429223

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92923981A Expired - Lifetime EP0670364B1 (en) 1992-11-18 1992-11-18 Liquid bleach composition

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EP (1) EP0670364B1 (un)
DE (1) DE69225246T2 (un)
SG (1) SG52260A1 (un)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997025402A1 (en) * 1996-01-05 1997-07-17 Warwick International Group Limited Process for bleaching or disinfecting a substrate
EP0971019A1 (de) * 1998-05-30 2000-01-12 HENKEL-ECOLAB GmbH & CO. OHG Verfahren zur Reinigung von Geschirr

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04337399A (ja) * 1991-05-15 1992-11-25 Kao Corp 液体漂白剤組成物
JP2945162B2 (ja) * 1991-05-15 1999-09-06 花王株式会社 液体漂白剤助剤及び２剤型液体漂白剤組成物

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 9302 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 93-011698 XP002002373 & JP-A-04 337 398 (KAO) , 25 November 1992 *
DATABASE WPI Week 9302 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 93-011699 XP002002372 & JP-A-04 337 399 (KAO) , 25 November 1992 *
See also references of WO9411484A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997025402A1 (en) * 1996-01-05 1997-07-17 Warwick International Group Limited Process for bleaching or disinfecting a substrate
EP0971019A1 (de) * 1998-05-30 2000-01-12 HENKEL-ECOLAB GmbH & CO. OHG Verfahren zur Reinigung von Geschirr

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69225246D1 (de) 1998-05-28
DE69225246T2 (de) 1998-09-17
EP0670364B1 (en) 1998-04-22
SG52260A1 (en) 1998-09-28
EP0670364A4 (en) 1996-07-03

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