EP0664738B1 - Plate-like or moulded derived timber product - Google Patents

Plate-like or moulded derived timber product Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0664738B1
EP0664738B1 EP93912625A EP93912625A EP0664738B1 EP 0664738 B1 EP0664738 B1 EP 0664738B1 EP 93912625 A EP93912625 A EP 93912625A EP 93912625 A EP93912625 A EP 93912625A EP 0664738 B1 EP0664738 B1 EP 0664738B1
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Prior art keywords
cutting
wood product
plate
derived wood
tool
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EP93912625A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0664738A1 (en
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Achim MÖLLER
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/02—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood shavings or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
    • Y10S241/38—Solid waste disposal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/253—Cellulosic [e.g., wood, paper, cork, rayon, etc.]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wood-based material which is used in particular in the packaging industry, in furniture and interior construction and in building construction and civil engineering.
  • Panel-shaped or shaped wood-based materials for the named fields of application are usually produced from processed solid wood of corresponding qualities. It is increasingly common to use wood scraps or waste such as sawdust made of solid wood, chunky solid wood sections, wood veneer scraps or parts of used wooden objects (e.g. transport pallets).
  • the mechanical shredding of old furniture parts is currently carried out by machines such as chippers, shredders or mills.
  • the aim is to produce pourable particles that are subsequently burned or stored in landfills.
  • these known particles are not suitable for the production of new wood-based materials.
  • the incineration or the landfill despite modern firing and landfill protection techniques, can be assessed as environmentally harmful.
  • Another disadvantage of recycling old furniture parts into new wood-based materials is their extremely high formaldehyde content.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a plate-shaped or spatially shaped wood-based material which consists partly or completely of waste wood chipboard and wood fiber boards or consumer goods made therefrom, which has the respective mechanical properties and a bulk density of 450 kg / m3 to 1100 kg / m3.
  • the wood-based material should also be produced with high productivity and the manufacturing process should be largely automated.
  • the invention is also intended to permit the ecologically sensible disposal of wood-based products and waste by reusing them.
  • the object is achieved in that the plate-shaped or shaped wood-based material according to the respective application in furniture or interior design, in packaging production, in building construction or in civil engineering platelet-shaped, scale-like elements (9), which overlap each other and are aligned predominantly parallel to the surface of the newly formed material.
  • the platelet-shaped elements (9) have an average platelet thickness of 1.0 mm to 8.0 mm.
  • the ratio of platelet width to platelet thickness is at least 3: 1 to 10: 1 and the ratio of platelet length to platelet thickness is 3: 1 to 200: 1.
  • the preferred platelet width is 10 mm to 20 mm with an average platelet size of 1 cm2 to 25 cm2.
  • the platelet-shaped elements have a formaldehyde concentration which is reduced compared to the starting material.
  • the platelet-shaped elements (9) made of wood fiber or chipboard or their remnants or from waste of the same type or old furniture parts to be disposed of and the like basically have the same flat material structure as the wood fiber or chipboard used for their production.
  • the wood-based material according to the invention is further characterized by a bulk density of 450 kg / m3 to 1100 kg / m3.
  • the wall thickness of the resulting material can be 5.0 mm to 50 mm, possibly up to 1000 mm.
  • the surfaces of the wood material are loosened according to the set density and depending on the intended use porous or tightly closed, smoothed and / or glued with other materials.
  • the resulting wood-based material has the following advantages: With the desired, loosened material structure and thus low bulk density, the material has a favorable mass-load capacity ratio compared to the primary material (eg old furniture panels). This is caused by numerous cavities that remain in the area of the edges of the platelet-shaped elements. With a desired, higher bulk density, high strength values can be achieved.
  • the very solid platelet-shaped elements (9) originating from the edge zones of the primary material, which are usually coated with surface materials, are also used to form the wood-based material according to the invention and impart favorable strength properties to the new wood-based material.
  • Another advantage is the usability of residues and secondary materials that are of low value or otherwise would be costly to dispose of.
  • secondary raw materials recyclable materials
  • the production of the new wood-based material begins with the preparation of the wood-based panels to be processed (7), which come from disassembled old furniture, for example. If the wood-based panels (7) have fitting parts, hinges or similar parts (12) that protrude far from the surface, they are pushed off using wedge-shaped tools (15) or separated off at the level of the panel surface (7.1) before the separation process according to the invention.
  • the tools (15) used for this purpose have cutting wedges with a wedge angle of 70 ° ... 90 °, the rake faces of which are almost perpendicular to the plate surface (7.1).
  • the platelet-shaped elements are then produced, which is characterized in that the wood material board or wood material strip (7) to be processed between a wedge-shaped cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) with a working width that is greater than or equal to the width of the wood-based panel (7) to be processed, and a support device (6) of the same width, fixed or movable in the workpiece feed direction, on which the Wood-based panel (7) rests, is guided, the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3. 1; 3.2) during the cutting process a translatory action with constant or changing direction of action at an angle of action of 35 ° ...
  • the plate-shaped support device (6) viewed in the feed direction of the wood-based board (7), at least 3 mm above that of the cutting edge (3.5 ) of the cutting-breaking tool (3; 3. 1; 3.2) protruding cutting edge plane (3.6) protrudes after cutting the wood-based panel e (7) the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) is returned to its starting position, the wood-based panel (7) performs an infeed or feed movement, the effective voltage thickness (h e ), measured perpendicular to the direction of action (W) and perpendicular to the cutting surface, being 3 mm ...
  • This cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) is mounted on a slide-guided tool carrier (4), which also performs a lateral axial movement during the stroke via a corresponding gear (5).
  • An 800 mm wide support plate (6) is permanently mounted on the machine table, on which, depending on the application, 3 mm ... 40 mm thick and up to 800 mm wide wood-based panels (7) such as old furniture parts of different formats are used in steps using a feed device (8) of 15 mm and in the rhythm of the knife stroke across the cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2). During the downward stroke, the cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) penetrates into the wood-based panel (7) and blows off 15 mm wide and about 1.5 mm ... 4 mm thick plate-shaped elements (9). If the old furniture part consists of chipboard, thicker platelet-shaped elements (9) are created.
  • thinner platelet-shaped elements (9) with a length that corresponds to the respective width of the old furniture part are preferably formed.
  • the resulting platelet-shaped elements (9) pass through a high-speed striking mechanism and are cut to an average length of 40 mm.
  • Fig. 4 shows a plate from the central area of a particle board, in which the material structure is visible at the parting surfaces (30), while a further plate shows the surface (31) of a coated furniture part used as a starting material from the edge area.
  • particles (32) and (33) have arisen as fragments of the platelet-shaped elements (9), which are significantly below the dimensions of the platelet-shaped elements (9) and are obtained with a proportion of 3% to 4% of the initial volume of the wood-based panel to be processed .
  • the platelet-shaped elements (9) Immediately after the platelet-shaped elements (9) have been produced, their formaldehyde emission is determined in a single pass by means of an infrared measuring device (40). The measured variable obtained controls the addition of a 35% urea solution (41) into a mixing drum (42) so that the formaldehyde content of the finished wood-based material is below 6 mg / 100 g.
  • the platelet-shaped elements (9) are then separated from the substantially smaller particles (32) and (33) in a known sieve sifter and from metal parts by means of a conventional metal separator.
  • the platelet-shaped elements (9) prepared in this way are then glued in a slow-running gluing drum with a 3.5% urea-formaldehyde resin customary in particle board production, scattered to a single-layer fleece with a thickness of approximately 80 mm by means of a known scattering station and then pressed in a heated flat press at a temperature of 180 ° C to a 35 mm thick wood-based panel with a bulk density of 500 kg / m3. Except for the additional adhesive content of 3.5% (approx. 10% adhesive is common in the primary production of chipboard), this board consists entirely of 100% old furniture material. Since the otherwise usual process of Wood drying is unnecessary, no drying energy was consumed.
  • the new wood-based material can be used in a plate-shaped or spatially shaped design, in particular as a building or insulation material, for packaging or as the core layer of composite panels in interior construction and furniture production.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

A recycled wood product is formed from wood products originally made from first cut wood. The recycled wood product is formed by removing external fittings, if any, projecting from the original, wood product and thereafter chipping the original wood product into platelets which are thereafter assembled in layers, glued together and then pressed together. Any excess formaldehyde in the original wood product is removed by the addition of urea. Machinery to practice the process includes a chipping tool which chips the original product into platelets as the original wood product is advanced against the chipping tool on a movable support structure.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Holzwerkstoff, der insbesondere in der Verpackungsmittelindustrie, im Möbel- und Innenausbau sowie im Hoch- und Tiefbau Verwendung findet.The invention relates to a wood-based material which is used in particular in the packaging industry, in furniture and interior construction and in building construction and civil engineering.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Plattenförmige oder geformte Holzwerkstoffe für die genannten Anwendungsgebiete werden üblicherweise aus aufbereitetem Vollholz entsprechender Qualitäten hergestellt. Dabei ist es zunehmend üblich, Holzreste oder Abfälle wie Sägespäne aus Vollholz, stückige Vollholzabschnitte, Holzfurnierreste oder Teile von verbrauchten Holzgegenständen (z.B. Transportpaletten) mit zu verwenden.Panel-shaped or shaped wood-based materials for the named fields of application are usually produced from processed solid wood of corresponding qualities. It is increasingly common to use wood scraps or waste such as sawdust made of solid wood, chunky solid wood sections, wood veneer scraps or parts of used wooden objects (e.g. transport pallets).

Neben den genannten Ausgangsmaterialien werden zu einem geringen Anteil Abfälle aus den Holzwerkstoffen, die bei deren Herstellung entstehen, verwertet. Dies betrifft z.B. Platten-Besäumreste oder Schleifstaub, der beim Schleifen von Faserplatten anfällt. Stückige Reste werden nach der bekannten Technik der Spanherstellung zerkleinert, wobei jedoch nur kurzfasrige, kompakte Partikeln entstehen. Derartige Partikeln üben einen ungünstigen Einfluß auf die elastomechanischen Eigenschaften des Holzwerkstoffes, den Klebstoffverbrauch und weitere technologische Einflußfaktoren aus. Dadurch ist auch die einsetzbare Menge von Holzwerkstoffabfällen bei der Werkstoffherstellung eng begrenzt.In addition to the above-mentioned raw materials, a small proportion of waste from the wood-based materials that arise during their manufacture is recycled. This affects e.g. Board trimmings or sanding dust that arises when sanding fiberboard. Lumpy residues are shredded according to the known technique of chip production, but only short-fiber, compact particles are formed. Such particles have an unfavorable influence on the elastomechanical properties of the wood material, the adhesive consumption and other technological influencing factors. This also limits the amount of wood-based material that can be used in the manufacture of materials.

Versuche zur Verwertung von Altmöbelteilen als Ausgangsmaterial für die Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffen scheiterten daneben an der unterschiedlichen Zusammensetzung der Ausgangsstoffe sowie vorhandener Fremdstoffe (Kunststoffschichten, Laminate, metallische Beschläge).Attempts to recycle old furniture parts as the starting material for the production of wood materials also failed due to the different composition of the starting materials as well as existing foreign substances (plastic layers, laminates, metallic fittings).

So erfolgt gegenwärtig die mechanische Zerkleinerung von Altmöbelteilen durch Maschinen wie Hacker, Shredder oder Mühlen. Dabei wird das Ziel verfolgt, schüttfähige Partikeln herzustellen, die nachfolgend verbrannt oder in Deponien gelagert werden.
Diese bekannten Partikeln sind jedoch nicht zur Herstellung neuer Holzwerkstoffe geeignet.
Hinzu kommt, daß die Verbrennung oder die Deponie trotz moderner Feuerungs- und Deponiesicherungstechniken aus ökologischer Sicht als bedenklich einzuschätzen sind.
Ein weiterer Nachteil bei der Verwertung von Altmöbelteilen zu neuen Holzwerkstoffen besteht in ihrem teilweise extrem hohen Formaldehydgehalt.The mechanical shredding of old furniture parts is currently carried out by machines such as chippers, shredders or mills. The aim is to produce pourable particles that are subsequently burned or stored in landfills.
However, these known particles are not suitable for the production of new wood-based materials.
In addition, the incineration or the landfill, despite modern firing and landfill protection techniques, can be assessed as environmentally harmful.
Another disadvantage of recycling old furniture parts into new wood-based materials is their extremely high formaldehyde content.

Die Erfindung hat die Aufgabe, einen plattenförmigen oder räumlich geformten Holzwerkstoff zu schaffen, der teilweise oder vollständig aus Abfällen von Holzspan- und Holzfaserplatten oder daraus gefertigten Gebrauchsgütern besteht, der dem jeweiligen Anwendungsgebiet entsprechende, mechanische Eigenschaften besitzt und eine Rohdichte von 450 kg/m³ bis 1100 kg/m³ aufweist.
Der Holzwerkstoff soll zudem mit hoher Produktivität hergestellt und der Fertigungsprozeß weitestgehend automatisiert werden können.
Neben der kostengünstigen Fertigung von Holzwerkstoffen soll die Erfindung gleichzeitig die ökologisch sinnvolle Entsorgung von Holzwerkstoff-Erzeugnissen und Abfällen durch deren Wiederverwendung erlauben.The invention has for its object to provide a plate-shaped or spatially shaped wood-based material which consists partly or completely of waste wood chipboard and wood fiber boards or consumer goods made therefrom, which has the respective mechanical properties and a bulk density of 450 kg / m³ to 1100 kg / m³.
The wood-based material should also be produced with high productivity and the manufacturing process should be largely automated.
In addition to the cost-effective production of wood-based materials, the invention is also intended to permit the ecologically sensible disposal of wood-based products and waste by reusing them.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß der plattenförmige oder geformte Holzwerkstoff entsprechend dem jeweiligen Anwendungsfall im Möbel- oder Innenausbau, in der Verpackungsmittelherstellung, im Hochbau oder im Tiefbau aus plättchenförmigen, schuppenartigen Elementen (9) besteht, die einander gegenseitig überlappen und überwiegend parallel zur Oberfläche des neu entstehenden Werkstoffes ausgerichtet sind.
Dabei weisen die plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) eine durchschnittliche Plättchendicke von 1,0 mm bis 8,0 mm auf.
Das Verhältnis von Plättchenbreite zu Plättchendicke ist mindestens 3 : 1 bis 10 : 1 und das Verhältnis von Plättchenlänge zu Plättchendicke 3 : 1 bis 200 : 1.
Die bevorzugte Plättchenbreite beträgt 10 mm bis 20 mm bei einer mittleren Plättchengröße von 1 cm² bis 25 cm².
Anforderungsgemäß weisen die plättchenförmigen Elemente eine Formaldehydkonzentration auf, die gegenüber dem Ausgangswerkstoff reduziert ist.According to the invention the object is achieved in that the plate-shaped or shaped wood-based material according to the respective application in furniture or interior design, in packaging production, in building construction or in civil engineering platelet-shaped, scale-like elements (9), which overlap each other and are aligned predominantly parallel to the surface of the newly formed material.
The platelet-shaped elements (9) have an average platelet thickness of 1.0 mm to 8.0 mm.
The ratio of platelet width to platelet thickness is at least 3: 1 to 10: 1 and the ratio of platelet length to platelet thickness is 3: 1 to 200: 1.
The preferred platelet width is 10 mm to 20 mm with an average platelet size of 1 cm² to 25 cm².
As required, the platelet-shaped elements have a formaldehyde concentration which is reduced compared to the starting material.

Die plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) aus Holzfaser- oder Holzspanplatten oder deren Resten oder aus artgleichen Abfällen oder zu entsorgenden Altmöbelteilen und dergleichen weisen prinzipiell die gleiche flächenhafte Materialstruktur wie die zu ihrer Herstellung verwendeten Holzfaser- oder Holzspanplatten auf.
Die sich untereinander überwiegend gegenseitig, schuppenartig überlappenden und im wesentlichen parallel zur Oberfläche des neuartigen Holzwerkstoffes angeordneten plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) sind durch Klebstoff in der Kontaktzone zwischen den sich berührenden Elementen fest miteinander verbunden.
Der erfindungsgemäße Holzwerkstoff ist weiterhin gekennzeichnet durch eine Rohdichte von 450 kg/m³ bis 1100 kg/m³. In Abhängigkeit vom Einsatzfall kann die Wanddicke des entstandenen Werkstoffes 5,0 mm bis 50 mm, gegebenenfalls bis 1000 mm, betragen.The platelet-shaped elements (9) made of wood fiber or chipboard or their remnants or from waste of the same type or old furniture parts to be disposed of and the like basically have the same flat material structure as the wood fiber or chipboard used for their production.
The platelet-shaped elements (9), which overlap one another predominantly, in a scale-like manner and are arranged essentially parallel to the surface of the novel wood-based material, are firmly connected to one another by adhesive in the contact zone between the touching elements.
The wood-based material according to the invention is further characterized by a bulk density of 450 kg / m³ to 1100 kg / m³. Depending on the application, the wall thickness of the resulting material can be 5.0 mm to 50 mm, possibly up to 1000 mm.

Die Oberflächen des Holzwerkstoffes sind entsprechend der eingestellten Rohdichte und je nach dem vorgesehenen Verwendungszweck porös aufgelockert oder dicht geschlossen, glatt geschliffen und/oder mit weiteren Materialien beklebt.
Der auf diese Weise entstandene Holzwerkstoff weist folgende Vorteile auf:
Bei gewünschter, aufgelockerter Werkstoffstruktur und damit geringer Rohdichte besitzt der Werkstoff ein günstiges Masse-Tragfähigkeitsverhältnis gegenüber dem Primärwerkstoff (z.B. Altmöbelplatten). Das wird bewirkt durch zahlreiche Hohlräume, die im Bereich der Ränder der plättchenförmigen Elemente verbleiben.
Bei einer gewollten, größeren Rohdichte sind hohe Festigkeitswerte erreichbar. Dabei werden die aus den meist mit Oberflächenmaterialien vergüteten Randzonen des Primärwerkstoffes stammenden, sehr festen plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) zur Bildung des erfindungsgemäßen Holzwerkstoffes mitgenutzt und verleihen dem neuen Holzwerkstoff günstige Festigkeitseigenschaften.
Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht in der Nutzbarkeit von Resten und Sekundärmaterialien, die von geringem Wert sind oder deren anderweitige Entsorgung mit hohen Aufwendungen verbunden wäre. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung von Sekundärrohstoffen (Wertstoffen) werden diese Materialien der üblichen Entsorgung durch Verbrennung oder Deponie entzogen, wodurch eine Entlastung der Umwelt sowie eine Schonung von Ressourcen bei der Herstellung primärer Holzwerkstoffen entsteht.The surfaces of the wood material are loosened according to the set density and depending on the intended use porous or tightly closed, smoothed and / or glued with other materials.
The resulting wood-based material has the following advantages:
With the desired, loosened material structure and thus low bulk density, the material has a favorable mass-load capacity ratio compared to the primary material (eg old furniture panels). This is caused by numerous cavities that remain in the area of the edges of the platelet-shaped elements.
With a desired, higher bulk density, high strength values can be achieved. The very solid platelet-shaped elements (9) originating from the edge zones of the primary material, which are usually coated with surface materials, are also used to form the wood-based material according to the invention and impart favorable strength properties to the new wood-based material.
Another advantage is the usability of residues and secondary materials that are of low value or otherwise would be costly to dispose of. Through the use of secondary raw materials (recyclable materials) according to the invention, these materials are removed from normal disposal by incineration or landfill, which relieves the burden on the environment and conserves resources in the production of primary wood-based materials.

Die Herstellung des neuartigen Holzwerkstoffes beginnt mit der Vorbereitung der zu verarbeitenden Holzwerkstoffplatten (7), die z.B. aus zerlegten Altmöbeln stammen.
Weisen die Holzwerkstoffplatten (7) an der Oberfläche weit überstehende Beschlagteile, Scharniere oder ähnliche Teile (12) auf, so werden diese vor dem erfindungsgemäßen Trennvorgang mittels keilförmiger Werkzeuge (15) abgeschoben oder in Höhe der Plattenoberfläche (7.1) abgetrennt. Die hierzu verwendeten Werkzeuge (15) weisen Schneidkeile mit einem Keilwinkel von 70° ... 90° auf, wobei deren Spanflächen nahezu senkrecht zur Plattenoberfläche (7.1) steht.The production of the new wood-based material begins with the preparation of the wood-based panels to be processed (7), which come from disassembled old furniture, for example.
If the wood-based panels (7) have fitting parts, hinges or similar parts (12) that protrude far from the surface, they are pushed off using wedge-shaped tools (15) or separated off at the level of the panel surface (7.1) before the separation process according to the invention. The tools (15) used for this purpose have cutting wedges with a wedge angle of 70 ° ... 90 °, the rake faces of which are almost perpendicular to the plate surface (7.1).

Anschließend erfolgt die Herstellung der plättchenförmigen Elemente, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die zu verarbeitende Holzwerkstoffplatte oder Holzwerkstoffleiste (7) zwischen einem keilförmigen Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) mit einer Arbeitsbreite, die größer oder gleich der Breite der zu verarbeitenden Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) ist, und einer gleich breiten, feststehenden oder in Werkstückvorschubrichtung beweglichen Stützeinrichtung (6), auf der die Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) aufliegt, geführt wird, das Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3. 1; 3.2) beim Trennvorgang eine translatorische Wirkbewegung mit konstanter oder sich ändernden Wirkrichtung unter einem Wirkrichtungswinkel von 35° ... 65° gegenüber der Oberfläche (7.1) der Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) in Richtung auf die Stützeinrichtung (6) bis unmittelbar vor oder bis zur Berührung mit dieser ausführt, wobei die plattenförmige Stützeinrichtung (6) in Vorschubrichtung der Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) gesehen, mindestens 3 mm über die von der Schneide (3.5) des Schneid-Brechwerkzeuges (3; 3. 1; 3.2) beschriebene Wirkschneidenebene (3.6) hinausragt, nach dem Durchtrennen der Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) das Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) in seine Ausgangslage zurückgeführt wird, die Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) eine Zustell- oder Vorschubbewegung ausführt, wobei die Wirkspanungsdicke (he), gemessen senkrecht zur Wirkrichtung (W) und senkrecht zur Schnittfläche, 3 mm...30 mm beträgt, der Keilwinkel (β) des Schneid-Brechwerkzeuges (3; 3.1; 3.2), gemessen zwischen Spanfläche (3.3) und Freifläche (3.4) beziehungsweise analogen Flächen, wie vorhandenen Span- oder Freiflächenfasen oder Tangenten an Span- und Freiflächenrundungen im Schneidenbereich in der senkrecht zur Schneide (3.5) liegenden Keilmeßebene 55°...95° und der Spanwinkel (γ) am Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2), gemessen zwischen Spanfläche (3.3) oder einer analogen Fläche und der senkrecht zur Wirkrichtung (W) liegenden Wirkbezugsebene (EW), +35°...-10° beträgt, und daß die so erzeugten lamellenartigen, plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) bedarfsweise mit an sich bekannten Verfahren und Vorrichtungen wie Sägen, Scheren, Schlag- oder Brecherwerken, Trommeln und dergleichen auf die gewünschte Plättchenlänge gebrochen werden und dabei vollständig voneinander getrennt werden, falls nach dem vorangegangenen Trennvorgang die plättchenförmigen Elemente noch partiell miteinander verbunden sind.
Dabei werden bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren Schnittgeschwindigkeiten gewählt, die im Bereich der holzbe- und verarbeitenden Technik üblich sind oder darunterliegen.The platelet-shaped elements are then produced, which is characterized in that the wood material board or wood material strip (7) to be processed between a wedge-shaped cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) with a working width that is greater than or equal to the width of the wood-based panel (7) to be processed, and a support device (6) of the same width, fixed or movable in the workpiece feed direction, on which the Wood-based panel (7) rests, is guided, the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3. 1; 3.2) during the cutting process a translatory action with constant or changing direction of action at an angle of action of 35 ° ... 65 ° relative to the surface (7.1) of the wood-based panel (7) in the direction of the support device (6) up to immediately before or until it comes into contact with it, the plate-shaped support device (6) viewed in the feed direction of the wood-based board (7), at least 3 mm above that of the cutting edge (3.5 ) of the cutting-breaking tool (3; 3. 1; 3.2) protruding cutting edge plane (3.6) protrudes after cutting the wood-based panel e (7) the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) is returned to its starting position, the wood-based panel (7) performs an infeed or feed movement, the effective voltage thickness (h e ), measured perpendicular to the direction of action (W) and perpendicular to the cutting surface, being 3 mm ... 30 mm Wedge angle (β) of the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), measured between the rake face (3.3) and the flank face (3.4) or analog faces, such as existing rake or flank bevels or tangents to rake and flank curves in the cutting area in the direction perpendicular to Edge (3.5) of the wedge measuring plane 55 ° ... 95 ° and the rake angle (γ) on the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), measured between the rake surface (3.3) or an analog surface and the one perpendicular to the direction of action (W) Effective reference plane (EW), + 35 ° ...- 10 °, and that the lamellar, platelet-shaped elements (9) thus produced, if necessary, using methods and devices known per se, such as saws, scissors, punch or Brec manufacture, drums and the like are broken to the desired platelet length and are completely separated from one another, if after the preceding separation process, the platelet-shaped elements are still partially connected to one another.
In the process according to the invention, cutting speeds are selected which are customary in the field of woodworking and processing technology or are lower.

Es wurde gefunden, daß beim Eindringen des Schneid-Brechwerkzeugs (3; 3.1; 3.2) in die Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) in der geschilderten Art deren Quertrennung und ein gleichzeitiges schichtenweises Absprengen von lamellenartigen, plättchenförmigen Elementen (9) realisiert werden kann. Die Stützeinrichtung (6) verhindert das Abbrechen des um das Zustell- bzw. Vorschubmaß (V) vorgeschobenen Randbereiches der Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) und gewährleistet so das Absprengen von plättchenförmigen Elementen (9) bis zur letzten Schicht. Die Schichtbildung entsteht durch die oben beschriebene Zuordnung von Scherebene des Werkstoffes zur erfindungsgemäßen Wirkrichtung des Werkzeuges und infolge der gefundenen Schneidengeometrie.
Aufgrund der Größe des Keilwinkels ist gleichzeitig ein problemloses Durchtrennen von Metallteilen (10), die sich gegebenenfalls im Inneren der Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) befinden können, möglich.
Bei der beschriebenen Herstellung von Plättchen fallen zu einem Masseanteil von bis zu 10 % Holzwerkstoff-Bruchstücke (32), (33) in Form feiner Partikeln an, deren Abmessungen kleiner als die der plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) sind.It was found that when the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) penetrates into the wood-based panel (7) in the manner described, its transverse separation and simultaneous layer-by-layer blasting off of lamellar, plate-like elements (9) can be realized. The support device (6) prevents the edge area of the wood-based panel (7) which is advanced by the infeed or feed dimension (V) from breaking off and thus ensures that plate-shaped elements (9) are blasted off to the last layer. The layer formation results from the above-described assignment of the shear plane of the material to the active direction of the tool according to the invention and as a result of the cutting edge geometry found.
Because of the size of the wedge angle, it is also possible to cut through metal parts (10) which may be located inside the wood-based panel (7) without any problems.
In the described production of platelets, up to a mass fraction of up to 10% of wood material fragments (32), (33) are obtained in the form of fine particles, the dimensions of which are smaller than those of the platelet-shaped elements (9).

In einer bevorzugten vorrichtungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ist an einem balkenförmigen Werkzeugträger (4) ein Schneidkeil mit einem Keilwinkel von 55°... 95° angeordnet. Das Werkzeug (3) führt eine Wirkbewegung mit konstanter oder sich gegebenenfalls während der Schnittbewegung verändernden Wirkrichtung (W) in einem Winkelbereich von 35°...65° gegenüber der Plattenoberfläche (7.1) aus. Dabei beträgt der Spanwinkel (γ) +35°...-10°, gemessen zwischen Spanfläche (3.3) oder einer analogen Fläche und der senkrecht zur Wirkrichtung (W) liegenden Wirkbezugsebene (EW).In a preferred embodiment of the device for carrying out the method, a cutting wedge with a wedge angle of 55 ° ... 95 ° is arranged on a bar-shaped tool carrier (4). The tool (3) executes an active movement with a constant or possibly changing direction of action (W) during the cutting movement in an angular range of 35 ° ... 65 ° with respect to the plate surface (7.1). The rake angle (γ) is + 35 ° ...- 10 °, measured between the rake face (3.3) or an analog face and the effective reference plane (EW) lying perpendicular to the effective direction (W).

An einer an sich bekannten Zustell- bzw. Vorschubvorrichtung ist die erforderliche Spanungsdicke von 3 mm...30 mm einstellbar. Die Vorrichtung enthält weiterhin eine der Eingriffsseite des Werkstückes gegenüberliegende, an der Unterseite der Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) anliegende, plattenförmige Stützeinrichtung (6), die mindestens 3 mm über die von der Schneide beschriebenen Wirkschneidenebene hinausragt. Die Wirkbewegung des Schneid-Brechwerkzeuges (3; 3.1; 3.2) ist so realisiert, daß sie mit der unmittelbaren Annäherung der Schneide (3.5) an die plattenförmige Stützeinrichtung (6), spätestens aber bei der Berührung mit der Stützeinrichtung, beendet ist.
Die zu verarbeitende Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) wird mit einer schrittweise arbeitenden Vorschubvorrichtung (17) auf der plattenförmigen Stützeinrichtung (6) auf das oszillierende Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) zubewegt.
In einer anderen bevorzugten Ausgestaltung dieser Vorrichtung wird die Vorschubbewegung durch die Wirkung der Schwerkraft auf das entsprechend gelagerte Werkstück realisiert. Zur Begrenzung des Vorschubs wird ein mit der Bewegung des Schneid-Brechwerkzeuges (3; 3.1; 3.2) abgetakteter, beweglicher Anschlag verwendet.
Die verfahrensgemäßen Relativbewegungen zwischen Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2), Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) und plattenförmiger Stützeinrichtung (6) sind je nach verwendeter Werkzeugmaschine (Kurbelpresse, Exzenterpresse) gestaltbar.The required chip thickness of 3 mm ... 30 mm can be set on a known feed or feed device. The device also contains a plate-shaped support device (6) opposite the engagement side of the workpiece and lying on the underside of the wood-based panel (7), which protrudes at least 3 mm beyond the effective cutting edge plane described by the cutting edge. The active movement of the cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) is realized in such a way that it ends when the cutting edge (3.5) approaches the plate-shaped support device (6) directly, but at the latest when it comes into contact with the support device.
The wood-based panel to be processed (7) is moved with a step-by-step feed device (17) on the plate-shaped support device (6) towards the oscillating cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2).
In another preferred embodiment of this device, the feed movement is realized by the action of gravity on the correspondingly mounted workpiece. To limit the feed, a movable stop, clocked with the movement of the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), is used.
The relative movements between the cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), the wood-based panel (7) and the plate-shaped support device (6) can be designed depending on the machine tool used (crank press, eccentric press).

Bester Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungBest way to carry out the invention

In einer weiteren, bevorzugten vorrichtungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sind ein oder mehrere Schneid-Brechwerkzeuge (3; 3.1; 3.2) auf dem Umfang eines rotierenden, walzen- oder zylinderförmigen Werkzeugträgers (19) angeordnet.In a further preferred embodiment of the device for carrying out the method, one or more cutting-breaking tools (3; 3.1; 3.2) are arranged on the circumference of a rotating, cylindrical or cylindrical tool carrier (19).

Die kreisbogenförmige Bewegung des oder der rotierenden Schneid-Brechwerkzeuge (3; 3.1; 3.2) wird überlagert durch eine synchrone Vorschubbewegung der in Vorschubrichtung verschiebbaren, plattenförmigen Stützeinrichtung (6), die mit der Drehrichtung des Werkzeugträgers (19) gleichgerichtet ist, so daß als resultierende Bewegung eine näherungsweise translatorische Wirkbewegung realisiert wird. Nach dem vollständigen Durchtrennen der Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) wird die plattenförmige Stützeinrichtung (6) in die Ausgangslage zurückbewegt.The circular arc-shaped movement of the rotating cutting / breaking tools (3; 3.1; 3.2) is superimposed by a synchronous feed movement of the plate-shaped support device (6) which is displaceable in the feed direction and which is aligned with the direction of rotation of the tool carrier (19), so that the result An approximately translational active movement is realized. After the wooden board (7) has been completely severed, the plate-shaped support device (6) is moved back into the starting position.

In einer weiteren vorrichtungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung (Fig. 1a) zur Durchführung des Verfahrens besteht das Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3) aus mehreren, seitlich versetzt angeordneten Schneidkeil-Segmenten (3.1), (3.2) die mit in Vorschubrichtung verlaufenden Schneidkeil-Stegen verbunden sind.
Dadurch entstehen plättchenförmige Elemente (9) mit versetzt angeordneten Einkerbungen, die das Ablängen erleichtern oder - bei entsprechend gewähltem Versatz - bereits während der Plättchenherstellung zu einer Ablängung (Trennung) der sonst in gesamter Plattenbreite anfallenden plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) führen.
Die Dicke der nach dem geschilderten Verfahren hergestellten plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) kann, ebenso wie deren Breite, über die Zustell- bzw. Vorschubbewegung des Werkstückes und damit die Spanungsdicke eingestellt werden. Eine geringe Wirkspanungsdicke (he) ergibt entsprechend schmale plättchenförmige Elemente, zu deren Absprengen nur eine kleinere Scherfläche überwunden werden muß. Dadurch ist eine geringere Wirkkraft und somit eine geringere Eindringtiefe der Schneide (3.5) bis zur nächsten Plättchenbildung erforderlich.
Das Eindringen der Schneide (3.5) kann durch Schmierung, z.B. mittels Paraffin oder Graphitpaste, erleichtert werden, um den erforderlichen Kraft- und Energiebedarf an der Werkzeugmaschine zu reduzieren.In a further embodiment of the device (FIG. 1a) for carrying out the method, the cutting-breaking tool (3) consists of a plurality of laterally offset cutting wedge segments (3.1), (3.2) which are connected to cutting wedge webs running in the feed direction.
This results in platelet-shaped elements (9) with staggered notches, which facilitate cutting to length or - with a suitable offset - lead to a cutting (separation) of the platelet-shaped elements (9) which otherwise occur across the entire width of the platelet.
The thickness of the platelet-shaped elements (9) produced according to the described method, as well as their width, can be adjusted via the feed or feed movement of the workpiece and thus the chip thickness. A low effective voltage thickness (h e ) results in correspondingly narrow platelet-shaped elements, for the detachment of which only a smaller shear surface has to be overcome. This means that less effective force and therefore less depth of penetration of the cutting edge (3.5) is required until the next platelet formation.
The penetration of the cutting edge (3.5) can be facilitated by lubrication, for example using paraffin or graphite paste, in order to reduce the power and energy required on the machine tool.

Der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von plättchenförmigen Elementen (9) ist eine Transporteinrichtung zum Abtransport der Plättchen sowie bedarfsweise ein Brecherwerk, ein Schneidwerk oder eine gleichwirkende Vorrichtung zum Kürzen der entstandenen plättchenförmigen Elemente nachgeschaltet.The device according to the invention for producing platelet-shaped elements (9) is a transport device for removing the platelets and, if necessary, a crusher, a cutter or an equivalent device for shortening the resulting platelet-shaped elements.

Nach Herstellung der plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) wird mit bekannten Mitteln, z.B. mit einem Infrarotmeßgerät (40), die Formaldehydemission der Plättchen bestimmt. In Abhängigkeit von der ermittelten Konzentration werden die plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) nachfolgend bedarfsweise nach einem an sich bekannten Verfahren mit einer Harnstofflösung (41) oder einer gleichwirkenden Formaldehyd-Fänger-Substanz behandelt. Dadurch wird der in den Plättchen gebundene Formaldehyd partiell herausgelöst und seine Konzentration auf einen unkritischen Wert herabgesetzt.After production of the platelet-shaped elements (9), known means, e.g. with an infrared measuring device (40), the formaldehyde emission of the platelets is determined. Depending on the concentration determined, the platelet-shaped elements (9) are subsequently treated as required using a method known per se with a urea solution (41) or a formaldehyde scavenger substance having the same effect. As a result, the formaldehyde bound in the platelets is partially removed and its concentration reduced to an uncritical value.

Die vorliegenden plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) gelangen zur Weiterverarbeitung zu einem erfindungsgemäßen Holzwerkstoff nach einer möglichen Zwischenlagerung in eine bekannte Beleimeinrichtung wie eine Beleimtrommel und werden mit üblichem organischen Klebstoff wie Harnstoff-Formaldehydharz mit einem bevorzugten Anteil von 3 % beleimt. Zur gezielten Erhöhung der Festigkeit ist aber auch ein deutlich höherer Klebstoffanteil möglich. Durch den zusätzlichen Einsatz eines verfestigenden Imprägniermittels, eines feuerhemmenden Zusatzstoffes oder ähnlicher Substanzen kann eine weitere Vergütung des Werkstoffes erfolgen.
Anstelle eines organischen Klebstoffes ist für entsprechende Einsatzfälle auch ein bekanntes anorganisches Bindemittel wie Zement oder Gips verwendbar.The present platelet-shaped elements (9) reach a wood-based material according to the invention after possible intermediate storage in a known gluing device such as a gluing drum and are glued with conventional organic adhesive such as urea-formaldehyde resin with a preferred proportion of 3%. However, a significantly higher proportion of adhesive is also possible to specifically increase the strength. The additional use of a hardening impregnating agent, a fire-retardant additive or similar substances can result in a further tempering of the material.
Instead of an organic adhesive, a known inorganic binder such as cement or plaster can also be used for corresponding applications.

Anschließend erfolgt nach einer möglichen, vorgeschalteten Zwischenlagerung die Bildung eines Vlieses durch bekannte Techniken wie Streuen, wobei die plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) sich gegenseitig schuppenartig überlappend und im wesentlichen parallel zur Oberfläche des entstehenden, neuartigen Halbzeugs oder Fertigteils nebeneinander und/oder hintereinander und/oder übereinander statistisch verteilt angeordnet werden. Hierzu werden in der Spanplattenfertigung übliche Maschinen, wie z.B. Horizontal-Dosierbunker mit nachgeschalteten Verteilerwalzen verwendet, bei denen sich die beschriebene Anordnung der plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) bei Einhaltung einer gleichmäßigen Flächendichte einstellt. Das so gebildete Vlies wird mittels bekannter Heißpressen und mit in der Holzwerkstoffherstellung üblichen technologischen Parametern zu einem neuen Holzwerkstoff gepreßt.Subsequently, after a possible intermediate storage, the formation of a fleece takes place by known techniques such as scattering, the plate-shaped elements (9) overlapping one another in a scale-like manner and essentially parallel to the surface of the emerging new semi-finished or finished part next to one another and / or one behind the other and / or statistically distributed one above the other will. For this purpose, customary machines are used in chipboard production, such as horizontal dosing bunkers with downstream distributor rollers, in which the described arrangement of the plate-shaped elements (9) is obtained while maintaining a uniform surface density. The fleece formed in this way is pressed into a new wood-based material by means of known hot presses and with the technological parameters customary in wood-based material production.

Die bei der Plättchenherstellung angefallenen feinen Partikeln (32), (33) können gesondert zu bekannten Holzwerkstoffen weiterverarbeitet werden. Es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, diese Partikeln (32), (33) zusammen mit den plättchenförmigen Elementen (9) - entweder in gleichmäßiger Mischung oder als gesonderte Deckschichten - zu verwenden.The fine particles (32), (33) obtained in the production of platelets can be processed separately to known wood-based materials. However, there is also the possibility of using these particles (32), (33) together with the platelet-shaped elements (9) - either in a uniform mixture or as separate cover layers.

Ein großer technologischer und energiewirtschaftlicher Vorteil besteht in der im allgemeinen nicht mehr notwendigen Trocknung der plättchenförmigen Elemente (9), aus denen das Vlies gebildet wird, da das Ausgangsmaterial (Reste oder Abfälle aus Holzspan- und Holzfaserplatten) bereits einen ausreichenden Trocknungsgrad aufweist.A major technological and energy advantage is the generally no longer necessary drying of the platelet-shaped elements (9) from which the fleece is formed, since the starting material (residues or waste from chipboard and wood fiber boards) already has a sufficient degree of drying.

Beschreibung der ZeichnungenDescription of the drawings

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Abbildungen 1 bis 9 dargestellt und nachfolgend näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are shown in Figures 1 to 9 and described in more detail below.

Es zeigen:

Fig.1
eine Exzenterpresse mit Werkstückzuführeinrichtung zur Plättchenherstellung
Fig.1a
eine Einzelheit zu Fig. 1 (Seitenversatz der Werkzeugsegmente)
Fig.1b
eine Einzelheit zu Fig. 1 (Schnittverlauf des Schneid-Brechwerkzeuges)
Fig.2
eine Vorrichtung zum Abstoßen von Beschlagteilen auf der Werkstückoberfläche
Fig.3
einen rotierenden Werkzeugträger mit Schneid-Brechwerkzeugen und eine Abstützeinrichtung
Fig.3a
eine Einzelheit zu Fig. 3 (Schnittverlauf bei rotierendem Schneid-Brechwerkzeug)
Fig.4
plättchenförmige Elemente und Partikeln
Fig.5
erfindungsgemäßen Holzwerkstoff
Fig.6
eine Fensterbank in Schnittdarstellung
Fig.7
eine Sitzschale aus Holzwerkstoff
Fig.8
eine Einzelheit zu Fig.7 (Schnittdarstellung)
Fig.9
einen Ausschnitt aus einem Bauelement
Show it:
Fig. 1
an eccentric press with workpiece feed device for the production of platelets
Fig.1a
a detail to Fig. 1 (lateral offset of the tool segments)
Fig.1b
a detail of Fig. 1 (section of the cutting-breaking tool)
Fig. 2
a device for repelling fittings on the workpiece surface
Fig. 3
a rotating tool carrier with cutting-breaking tools and a support device
Fig.3a
a detail of Fig. 3 (section course with rotating cutting-breaking tool)
Fig. 4
platelet-shaped elements and particles
Fig. 5
Wood-based material according to the invention
Fig. 6
a window sill in a sectional view
Fig. 7
a wooden seat shell
Fig. 8
a detail to Fig. 7 (sectional view)
Fig. 9
a section of a component

Ausführungsbeispiel 1: (siehe Fig. 1, 1a, 1b, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9) Embodiment 1: (see Fig. 1, 1a, 1b, 2, 4, 5, 6, 9)

Als Ausgangsmaterial dienen Leisten und Platten von Altmöbeln mit einer Stärke von 3 mm bis 40 mm. Diese Teile werden zunächst von Beschlagteilen (12) wie Kastenschlössern, Riegeln, Griffen, Gelenkbändern oder auch aufgeklebeten Leisten oder Profilen befreit, die wesentlich über die Oberfläche hinausragen, um in der Folge einen störungsfreien Zerkleinerungsprozeß zu gewährleisten.
Hierzu werden die Altmöbelteile auf Federstützen (13) aufgelegt und mittels eines Hydraulikzylinders (14) zwischen einem Messerpaar (15) hindurchgedrückt, dessen Keilwinkel 85° beträgt und deren vordere Schneidflanke senkrecht zu der zu beräumenden Plattenoberfläche steht.
Der Messerabstand wird mittels eines Dickentasters und eines Stellgliedes jeweils auf die entsprechende Plattendicke eingestellt. Hat das Altmöbelteil die Transportwalzen (16) erreicht, wird es von diesen weiterbewegt. Zugleich kehrt der Arbeitskolben des Hydraulikzylinders (14) in seine Ausgangsstellung zurück. Auf diese Weise werden alle überstehenden, hinausragenden Fremdteile (12) abgestoßen und fallen zur Entsorgung auf ein Transportband.Moldings and plates from old furniture with a thickness of 3 mm to 40 mm serve as the starting material. These parts are first freed from fitting parts (12) such as box locks, bolts, handles, hinges or also glued strips or profiles that protrude significantly above the surface in order to ensure a trouble-free shredding process.
For this purpose, the old furniture parts are placed on spring supports (13) and pressed by means of a hydraulic cylinder (14) between a pair of knives (15) whose wedge angle is 85 ° and whose front cutting flank is perpendicular to the surface of the board to be cleared.
The knife distance is set to the appropriate plate thickness using a thickness probe and an actuator. If the old furniture part has reached the transport rollers (16), it will continue to move them. At the same time, the working piston of the hydraulic cylinder (14) returns to its starting position. In this way, all protruding, protruding foreign parts (12) are repelled and fall onto a conveyor belt for disposal.

Die Herstellung der Plättchen erfolgt auf einer Doppelexzenterpresse (1) mit einer maximalen Preßkraft von 600 MN, einer Hubhöhe von 50 mm, einer Durchlaßbreite von 80 mm und einer Hubzahl von 1200 min⁻¹. Die Presse ist statt eines üblichen Stanz- oder Biegewerkzeuges mit einem 800 mm langen Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) ausgerüstet, das einen symmetrischen Querschnitt aufweist und 8 mm breite, rechtwinklig zueinander stehende Schneidenflanken (2) besitzt.The platelets are produced on a double eccentric press (1) with a maximum pressing force of 600 MN, a stroke height of 50 mm, a passage width of 80 mm and a stroke rate of 1200 rpm. Instead of a conventional punching or bending tool, the press is equipped with an 800 mm long cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), which has a symmetrical cross-section and 8 mm wide cutting edges (2) at right angles to each other.

Dieses Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) ist auf einem schlittengeführten Werkzeugträger (4) montiert, der während des Hubes über ein entsprechendes Getriebe (5) zusätzlich eine seitliche Axialbewegung ausführt.This cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) is mounted on a slide-guided tool carrier (4), which also performs a lateral axial movement during the stroke via a corresponding gear (5).

Auf dem Maschinentisch ist eine 800 mm breite Stützplatte (6) fest montiert, auf der je nach Anfall 3 mm...40 mm dicke und bis zu 800 mm breite Holzwerkstoffplatten (7) wie Altmöbelteile unterschiedlichen Formates mittels einer Vorschubeinrichtung (8) in Schritten von 15 mm und im Rhythmus des Messerhubes quer zum Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) zugeführt werden.
Während des Abwärtshubes dringt das Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) in die Holzwerkstoffplatte (7) und sprengt dabei 15 mm breite und etwa 1,5 mm...4 mm dicke plättchenförmige Elemente (9) ab. Besteht das Altmöbelteil aus Spanplatten, so entstehen dickere plättchenförmige Elemente (9). Besteht es hingegen aus mitteldichter Faserplatte, bilden sich vorzugsweise dünnere plättchenförmige Elemente (9) mit einer Länge, die der jeweiligen Breite des Altmöbelteils entspricht. Die hierbei entstandenen plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) durchlaufen ein schnellaufendes Schlagwerk und werden dabei auf eine mittlere Länge von 40 mm abgelängt.An 800 mm wide support plate (6) is permanently mounted on the machine table, on which, depending on the application, 3 mm ... 40 mm thick and up to 800 mm wide wood-based panels (7) such as old furniture parts of different formats are used in steps using a feed device (8) of 15 mm and in the rhythm of the knife stroke across the cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2).
During the downward stroke, the cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) penetrates into the wood-based panel (7) and blows off 15 mm wide and about 1.5 mm ... 4 mm thick plate-shaped elements (9). If the old furniture part consists of chipboard, thicker platelet-shaped elements (9) are created. If, on the other hand, it consists of medium-density fiberboard, thinner platelet-shaped elements (9) with a length that corresponds to the respective width of the old furniture part are preferably formed. The resulting platelet-shaped elements (9) pass through a high-speed striking mechanism and are cut to an average length of 40 mm.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein Plättchen aus dem Mittelbereich einer Spanplatte, bei dem die Werkstoffstruktur an den Trennflächen (30) sichtbar ist, während ein weiteres Plättchen die Oberfläche (31) eines vom Randbereich des als Ausgangsmaterial verwendeten, beschichteten Möbelteils zeigt.
Daneben sind Partikeln (32) und (33) als Bruchstücke der plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) entstanden, die deutlich unterhalb der Abmessungen der plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) liegen und die mit einem Anteil von 3 % bis 4 % vom Ausgangsvolumen der zu verarbeitenden Holzwerkstoffplatte anfallen.Fig. 4 shows a plate from the central area of a particle board, in which the material structure is visible at the parting surfaces (30), while a further plate shows the surface (31) of a coated furniture part used as a starting material from the edge area.
In addition, particles (32) and (33) have arisen as fragments of the platelet-shaped elements (9), which are significantly below the dimensions of the platelet-shaped elements (9) and are obtained with a proportion of 3% to 4% of the initial volume of the wood-based panel to be processed .

Befindet sich im Inneren des Altmöbelteiles ein Metallbeschlag (10), so wird dieser bei Eindringen des Schneid-Brechwerkzeuges (3; 3.1; 3.2) zunächst innerhalb des umgebenden Span- oder Faserplattenmaterials in Richtung der plattenförmigen Stützenrichtung (6) gedrängt und schließlich durchtrennt. Hat das Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) die plattenförmige Stützeinrichtung (6) erreicht, kehrt es seine Bewegung um und gibt dem Altmöbelteil den Weg zum erneuten Vorschub frei; anschließend erfolgt der nächste Trennvorgang.If there is a metal fitting (10) in the interior of the old furniture part, then when the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) penetrates, it is first pushed within the surrounding chipboard or fiberboard material in the direction of the plate-shaped support direction (6) and finally cut through. When the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) has reached the plate-shaped support device (6), it returns Movement around and opens the way for the old furniture part to be re-fed; then the next separation process takes place.

In der Nähe des Schneid-Brechwerkzeuges (3; 3.1; 3.2) ist ein mit Graphitlösung getränkter Filz (11) angebracht, den das Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) im Bereich der oberen Umkehrbewegung streift. Dadurch wird das Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) mit Gleitmittel benetzt und die Schnittkräfte verringert. Das Gleitmittel streicht sich während des Schnittes nur an den Kanten der plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) ab, so daß keine Benetzung der Breitflächen erfolgt, die eine nachfolgende Verleimung der plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) beeinträchtigen könnte.In the vicinity of the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) there is a felt (11) soaked with graphite solution, which the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) brushes in the area of the upper reversing movement. As a result, the cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) is wetted with lubricant and the cutting forces are reduced. The lubricant wipes off only on the edges of the platelet-shaped elements (9) during the cut, so that there is no wetting of the broad areas, which could impair subsequent gluing of the platelet-shaped elements (9).

Unmittelbar nach Herstellung der plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) wird im Durchlauf deren Formaldehydemission mittels eines Infrarotmeßgerätes (40) ermittelt. Die erhaltene Meßgröße steuert die Zugabe einer 35%igen Harnstofflösung (41) in eine Mischtrommel (42), so daß der Formaldehydgehalt des fertigen Holzwerkstoffes unterhalb von 6 mg/100 g liegt.
Anschließend erfolgt die Trennung der plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) von den wesentlich kleineren Partikeln (32) und (33) in einem bekannten Siebsichter sowie von Metallteilen mittels eines üblichen Metallabscheiders.
Die so vorbereiteten plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) werden nun in einer langsam laufenden Beleimtrommel mit einem in der Spanplattenfertigung üblichen Harnstoff-Formaldehydharz zu einem Anteil von 3,5 % beleimt, mittels einer bekannten Streustation zu einem einschichtigen Vlies einer Dicke von etwa 80 mm gestreut und anschließend in einer beheizten Flachpresse bei einer Temperatur von 180 °C zu einer 35 mm dicken Holzwerkstoffplatte mit einer Rohdichte von 500 kg/m³ verpreßt.
Diese Platte besteht bis auf den zusätzlich verwendeten Klebstoffanteil von 3,5 % (bei der primären Herstellung von Spanplatten sind ca. 10 % Klebstoff üblich) vollständig zu 100 % aus Altmöbelmateriai. Da sich der sonst übliche Prozeß der Holztrocknung erübrigt, wurde keine Trocknungsenergie verbraucht.
Die neue Holzwerkstoffplatte weist eine Biegefestigkeit von 1,10 N/mm² auf und kann als Betonmantelplatte im Hochbau oder als verlorene Schalung bei der Herstellung von Fundamenten verwendet werden.
In einer anderen Anwendungsform erhält die entstandene Holzwerkstoffplatte einen abschließenden Kalibrierschliff und kann als Einlage für Wohnraumtüren mit außenliegender Sperrholzbeflankung eingesetzt werden.Immediately after the platelet-shaped elements (9) have been produced, their formaldehyde emission is determined in a single pass by means of an infrared measuring device (40). The measured variable obtained controls the addition of a 35% urea solution (41) into a mixing drum (42) so that the formaldehyde content of the finished wood-based material is below 6 mg / 100 g.
The platelet-shaped elements (9) are then separated from the substantially smaller particles (32) and (33) in a known sieve sifter and from metal parts by means of a conventional metal separator.
The platelet-shaped elements (9) prepared in this way are then glued in a slow-running gluing drum with a 3.5% urea-formaldehyde resin customary in particle board production, scattered to a single-layer fleece with a thickness of approximately 80 mm by means of a known scattering station and then pressed in a heated flat press at a temperature of 180 ° C to a 35 mm thick wood-based panel with a bulk density of 500 kg / m³.
Except for the additional adhesive content of 3.5% (approx. 10% adhesive is common in the primary production of chipboard), this board consists entirely of 100% old furniture material. Since the otherwise usual process of Wood drying is unnecessary, no drying energy was consumed.
The new wood-based panel has a bending strength of 1.10 N / mm² and can be used as a concrete cladding in building construction or as lost formwork in the manufacture of foundations.
In another application, the resulting wood-based panel is given a final calibration cut and can be used as an insert for living room doors with external plywood flanking.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Variante wird die beschriebene Holzwerkstoffplatte in einer Dicke von 120 mm hergestellt. Nach einem Formatzuschnitt und dem Einfräsen von Nuten für Flächenverbindungsmittel wie Federn erfolgt die Beschichtung der Holzwerkstoffplatte einerseits mit Gipskarton (51), auf der gegenüberliegenden Fläche mittels Polystyrolschaum (52) und schließlich einer Faserzementplatte (53). Die Holzwerkstoffplatte ist zusätzlich mit einem bekannten feuerhemmenden Mittel beschichtet. Das so entstandene Element ist für die Errichtung von Fertighäusern in Leichtbauweise geeignet.According to an advantageous variant, the wood-based panel described is produced in a thickness of 120 mm. After a format cut and milling grooves for surface fasteners such as springs, the wood-based panel is coated on the one hand with plasterboard (51), on the opposite surface with polystyrene foam (52) and finally a fiber cement board (53). The wood-based panel is additionally coated with a known fire-retardant. The resulting element is suitable for the construction of prefabricated houses in lightweight construction.

Die Partikeln (32) und (33) werden analog der Plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) weiter verarbeitet, jedoch mit einem Klebstoffanteil von 7 % und einer Rohdichte von 900 kg/m³. In einer Anwendungsform wird aus dem Partikel-Klebstoff-Gemisch als Formteil eine Fensterbank (34) gepreßt.The particles (32) and (33) are processed analogously to the platelet-shaped elements (9), but with an adhesive content of 7% and a bulk density of 900 kg / m³. In one application form, a window sill (34) is pressed from the particle-adhesive mixture as a molded part.

Ausführungsbeispiel 2: (siehe Fig. 3, 3a, 7, 8) Embodiment 2: (see Fig. 3, 3a, 7, 8)

Altmöbelteile werden analog Beispiel 1 durch eine Vorschubvorrichtung (17) auf eine in Vorschubrichtung verschiebbare Stützplatte (6) mit 800 mm Breite bewegt. Ein Werkzeugträger (19) mit einem Durchmesser von 900 mm trägt sechzehn, mit gleicher Teilung radial angeordnete Schneid-Brechwerkzeuge (3; 3.1; 3.2) mit den gleichen Abmessungen wie in Beispiel 1.Old furniture parts are moved analogously to Example 1 by a feed device (17) onto a support plate (6) with a width of 800 mm that can be moved in the feed direction. A tool carrier (19) with a diameter of 900 mm carries sixteen cutting and breaking tools (3; 3.1; 3.2) which are arranged radially with the same pitch and have the same dimensions as in Example 1.

Der Werkzeugträger (19) ist über der Stützplatte (6) so angeordnet, daß die Messerschneiden in ihrer Endstellung die Stützplatte berühren. Der Werkzeugträger (19) dreht sich im selben Drehsinn wie die obere Tansportwalze der Vorschubvorrichtung (17) mit einer Drehzahl von 80 min⁻¹. Dabei dringt das jeweils in Eingriff stehende Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) analog Beispiel 1 in das Altmöbelteil ein und sprengt plättchenförmige Elemente (9) ab, wobei vorhandene Metallteile, wie beschrieben, zerkleinert werden.The tool carrier (19) is arranged above the support plate (6) so that the knife edges in their end position touch the support plate. The tool carrier (19) rotates in the same direction as the upper feed roller of the feed device (17) at a speed of 80 min 80¹. The cutting / breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), which is in engagement, penetrates into the old furniture part analogously to Example 1 and blows off plate-shaped elements (9), existing metal parts being comminuted as described.

Die im Verlauf des Schnittes gegenüber dem Altmöbelteil auftretende Änderung des Wirkrichtungswinkels δ von 17,5° bewirkt keine wesentliche Beeinflussung der Schnittbedingungen. Die Stützplatte (6) bewegt sich mit dem Schneid-Brechwerkzeug (3; 3.1; 3.2) mit, wobei sich aufgrund des schrägen Verlaufes der Schnittfläche eine geringere Geschwindigkeit als die Umfangsgeschwindigkeit des Schneid-Brechwerkzeuges (3; 3.1; 3.2) einstellt. Dem Werkzeugträger (19) ist eine Walze (22) zugeordnet, die sich synchron zum Werkzeugträger (19) bewegt und die Schneid-Brechwerkzeuge (3; 3.1; 3.2) mit Paraffinemulsion benetzt.The change in the effective direction angle δ of 17.5 ° in the course of the cut compared to the old furniture part has no significant influence on the cutting conditions. The support plate (6) moves with the cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), with a slower speed than the peripheral speed of the cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) due to the oblique course of the cutting surface. A roller (22) is assigned to the tool carrier (19), which moves synchronously with the tool carrier (19) and wets the cutting / breaking tools (3; 3.1; 3.2) with paraffin emulsion.

Nach Beendigung des geschilderten Schneid-Brechvorganges wird das Altmöbelteil mittels der schrittweise arbeitenden Vorschubvorrichtung (17) so weit zurückgezogen, daß es gegenüber der Ausgangslage zu Beginn des ersten Schnittvorganges um 15 mm vorgeschoben ist. Unabhängig davon bewegt sich die Stützplatte (6) durch Wirkung der Feder (21) in die Ausgangslage zurück. Mit dem Eingriff des nächsten Schneid-Brechwerkzeugs (3; 3.1; 3.2) wiederholt sich der beschriebene Vorgang. Der Vorteil dieser Variante gegenüber der im Ausführungsbeispiel 1 vorgestellten Werkzeugmaschine liegt in der höheren Produktivität durch den Einsatz eines kontinuierlich arbeitenden, mehrschneidigen, rotierenden SchneidBrechwerkzeuges.
Die Vorbereitung der Altmöbelteile und die weitere Verarbeitung der plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) zu einem neuen Holzwerkstoff erfolgt im wesentlichen wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben, jedoch werden die plättchenförmigen Elemente (9) im Mittelbereich und die entstehenden Partikeln (32) und (33) im Randbereich (Deckschichten) des herzustellenden Holzwerkstoffes angeordnet. In einem Anwendungsfall wird in einem Preßgesenk ein 16 mm dickes Formteil (35) mit einer Rohdichte von 680 kg/m³ gepreßt, das als Sesselschale im Möbelbau Verwendung findet.After completion of the described cutting-breaking process, the old furniture part is withdrawn by means of the step-by-step feed device (17) to such an extent that it is advanced by 15 mm compared to the starting position at the beginning of the first cutting process. Regardless of this, the support plate (6) moves back into the starting position by the action of the spring (21). With the intervention of the next cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) the process described is repeated. The advantage of this variant compared to the machine tool presented in exemplary embodiment 1 lies in the higher productivity through the use of a continuously working, multi-bladed, rotating cutting-breaking tool.
The preparation of the old furniture parts and the further processing of the platelet-shaped elements (9) into a new wood material is essentially as in Example 1 described, however, the platelet-shaped elements (9) in the central region and the resulting particles (32) and (33) in the edge region (cover layers) of the wood material to be produced are arranged. In one application, a 16 mm thick molded part (35) with a bulk density of 680 kg / m³ is pressed in a press die, which is used as an armchair shell in furniture construction.

Gewerbliche AnwendbarkeltCommercial applicability

Der neuartige Holzwerkstoff kann in plattenförmiger oder räumlich geformter Ausführung insbesondere als Bau- oder Dämmstoff, für Verpackungsmittel oder als Kernlage von Verbundplatten im Innenausbau und in der Möbelfertigung eingesetzt werden.The new wood-based material can be used in a plate-shaped or spatially shaped design, in particular as a building or insulation material, for packaging or as the core layer of composite panels in interior construction and furniture production.

Verzeichnis verwendeter Bezugszeichen:List of reference symbols used:

(1)(1)
DoppelexzenterpresseDouble eccentric press
(2)(2)
SchneidenflankeCutting edge
(3),(3.1),(3.2)(3), (3.1), (3.2)
keilförmiges Schneid-Brechwerkzeugwedge-shaped cutting-breaking tool
(3.3)(3.3)
SpanflächeRake face
(3.4)(3.4)
FreiflächeOpen space
(3.5)(3.5)
SchneideCutting edge
(3.6)(3.6)
WirkschneidenebeneEffective cutting edge level
(4)(4)
WerkzeugträgerTool carrier
(5)(5)
Getriebetransmission
(6)(6)
StützeinrichtungSupport device
(7)(7)
Holzwerkstoffplatte/Holzwerkstoffleiste aus Altmöbeln (7.1) Oberfläche der Holzwerkstoffplatte oder HolzwerkstoffleisteWood-based panel / wood-based panel from old furniture (7.1) Surface of the wood-based panel or wood-based panel
(8)(8th)
Werkstückzustell- oder Werkstück-VorschubeinrichtungWorkpiece feed or workpiece feed device
(9)(9)
plättchenförmiges Elementplatelet-shaped element
(10)(10)
MetallbeschlagMetal fitting
(11)(11)
Filzfelt
(12)(12)
über die Holzwerkstoffplatte überstehendes, hinausragendes FremdteilForeign part protruding from the wood-based panel
(13)(13)
FederstützeSpring support
(14)(14)
HydraulikzylinderHydraulic cylinder
(15)(15)
MesserpaarPair of knives
(16)(16)
TransportwalzeTransport roller
(17)(17)
VorschubvorrichtungFeed device
(19)(19)
WerkzeugträgerTool carrier
(21)(21)
Federfeather
(22)(22)
Walzeroller
(25)(25)
WerkzeugmaschinentischMachine tool table
(30)(30)
Trennfläche des plättchenförmigen ElementesParting surface of the plate-shaped element
(31)(31)
Oberfläche des plättchenförmigen ElementesSurface of the platelet-shaped element
(32)(32)
HolzwerkstoffbruchstückBroken wood material
(33)(33)
HolzwerkstoffbruchstückBroken wood material
(34)(34)
FensterbankWindowsill
(35)(35)
FormteilMolding
(40)(40)
Infrarot-MeßgerätInfrared measuring device
(41)(41)
HarnstofflösungUrea solution
(42)(42)
MischtrommelMixing drum
(50)(50)
BauelementComponent
(51)(51)
GipskartonPlasterboard
(52)(52)
PolystyrolschaumPolystyrene foam
(53)(53)
FaserzementplatteFiber cement board
(EW)(EW)
WirkbezugsebeneEffective reference level
(he)(h e )
WirkspanungsdickeEffective voltage thickness
(V)(V)
Vorschub- oder ZustellmaßFeed or infeed dimension
(W)(W)
WirkrichtungDirection of action
(Z)(Z)
Zustell- oder VorschubrichtungInfeed or feed direction
(β)(β)
KeilwinkelWedge angle
(γ)(γ)
SpanwinkelRake angle
(δ)(δ)
WirkrichtungswinkelEffective direction angle

Claims (10)

  1. A plate-like or moulded derived wood product, especially adapted for use in furniture making, or interior construction, in the production of packing materials, in high rise or foundation construction, with a wall thickness between 5 mm and 1,000 mm characterised in that:
    a) the derived wood product has a median raw density of between 450 kg/cm³ to 1100 kg/cm³;
    b) the derived wood product is comprised of plate like, scale like elements (9);
    i) with an average wall thickness between 1,0 mm and 8,0 mm,
    ii) which exhibit a relationship between platelet width to platelet thickness of 3:1 to 10:1,
    iii) which exhibit a relationship of platelet length to platelet thickness of 3:1 to 200:1,
    iv) which have a median surface area of 1 cm² to 25 cm²;
    c) the plate-like elements (9) are comprised of derived wood products such as chipped wood panels, wood fibre panels and/or remainder cut parts or wastes, or from parts from furniture about to be disposed such a furniture panels;
    d) the plate-like elements (9) are arranged between themselves
    i) in a generally scale-like, overlapping manner,
    ii) oriented generally parallel to the surface of the intermediate, or finished product (34), (35),
    iii) one behind the other, and/or next to one another and/or one above the other and, which,
    iv) are directly connected to another with glue between the contact surfaces of their touching borders.
  2. Product according to claim 1, further characterised in that
    e) the product comprises in addition to the plate-like elements (9) a supplement of up to 10% by mass of broken derived wood product parts, wherein the dimensions of the broken derived wood product parts (32), (33) are smaller than the plate-like elements (9), and
    f) the broken derived wood product parts (32), (33) are either equally distributed within the product or largely on the surface thereof.
  3. Process for the making of a plate-like or moulded derived wood product defined by claim 1 characterised in that
    a) the derived wood product panels or mouldings (7) utilised as starting material are stripped of fitting parts (12) such as locks, fittings, hinges, or similar parts located on, and projecting above, the surface;
    b) after step a), the derived wood product panel (7) is comminuted along its entire width so that lamella-like, plate-like elements (9) are produced;
    c) that lamella-like, plate-like elements (9) are suitably shortened to the desired platelet length with known processes,
    d) the formaldehyde content of the plate-like element (9) is determined,
    e) the plate-like elements (9) are treated in accordance with requirements either with a urea solution or an equivalent formaldehyde capturing substance,
    f) the plate-like elements (9) and, if required the supplemental broken derived wood produce parts (32), (33) are glued with known methods,
    g) the glued plate-like elements (9) and the possibly moulded broken derived wood product parts (32), (33) are uniformly, or statistically scattered on a carrier, and
    h) the glued plate-like elements (9) and the possibly added broken derived wood product parts (32), (33) which are produced, are bound together under pressure.
  4. Process according to claim 3 characterised in that
    the removal of foreign parts (12) projecting above the surface of the derived wood product panel (7) happens simultaneously and on both sides over the entire width of the derived wood product panel (7) where the derived wood product panel (7) is passed through two wedge shaped tools cooperating along the surface of the derived wood product panel (7).
  5. Process according to claim 3 characterised in that
    a) the comminution of the derived wood product panel for the producing of lamella-like, plate-like elements (9) occurs by passing the derived wood product panel (7) to be processed between a wedge shaped cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) which has a working width greater than, or equal to, the width of the derived wood product panel to be processed, and the derived wood product panel is guided by an equally wide fixed, or movable in the direction of the workpiece, support structure (6),
    b) the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) performs, in the separation process, a translatory work motion with a constant, or changeable, work direction under an angular direction of 35° to 65° with respect to the surface (7.1) of the derived wood product panel (7) and wherein the work motion is in the direction of the support structure (6) until shortly before contact with the support structure (6), and wherin the support structure (6), viewed in the advance direction (7) of the derived wood product panel (7), projects at least 3 mm beyond the working plane (3.6) described by the cutting edge (3.5) of the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2),
    c) the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) returns to its starting position after the complete penetration of the derived wood product panel (7),
    d) the derived wood product panel (7) is moved to advance and wherein the chipping depth (he), measured perpendicular to the work direction (W) and to the cut surface amounts to between 3 mm to 30 mm, wherein the wedge angle (β) of the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), measured between the chipping surface (3.3) and the free surface (3.4) - or an analogous surface such as a bevelled or chamfered, or tangent surface to the bevelled or chamfered surface - amounts to between 55° to 95° in the cutting region which is in the plane perpendicular to the cutting edge (3.5) and wherein the chipping angle (y) at the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), measured between the shaving surface (3.3) - or an analogous surface - and the reference plane (EW) perpendicular to the work direction (W), amounts to between +35°o to -10°.
  6. Process according to claim 3 characterised in that shortening of the lamella-like, plate-like elements (9) occurs through sawing, or cutting, or breaking in impact, or crushing machines or drums, or in accordance with the separation process in accordance with claim 5.
  7. Apparatus for the practice of the process of claim 5 characterised in that
    it comprises a machine tool with an oscillating work motion such as a press, especially a crank press, eccentric press, or hydraulic press which includes a tool carrier for carrying, in a fixed or detachable manner, at least one wedge shaped cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) having a wedge angle of between 55° to 95° and a working width greater than, or equal to, the width of the derived wood product panel (7), a machine tool table (25) having a support structure (6), either fixed or movable in the direction of workpiece advancement, for supporting the derived wood product panel (7) to be processed, wherein the support structure (6) is comprised of a support plate, or a support roller or of a recirculating chain, wherein the tool carrier (4) with the wedge shaped cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) is movable toward the support structure (6) by a known transmission (5), wherein the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) performs a translating work motion with a fixed, or changing, work direction at a working-direction angle of between 35° to 65° measured with respect to the surface (7.1) of the derived wood product panel (7), until shortly before, or actually, touching the support structure (6), wherein the support structure (6) projects at least 3 mm beyond the cutting plane (3.6) described by the cutting edge (3.5) of the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), wherein the chipping angle (y), measured between the chipping surface (3.3) of the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) - or an analogous surface - and the working plane (EW) which is perpendicular to work direction (W) at the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), is adjustably between +35° and -10°, and wherein the depth of the chipping are is adjustably between 3 mm to 30 mm over a step-wise functioning work advance structure (8), the motion of which is synchronised with the oscillating motion of the cutting-breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) through a transmission.
  8. Apparatus for the practice of the process in accordance with claim 5, comprising
    a machine tool with a rotation tool carrier, such as a drum having a tool carrier (19) on the periphery of which is fixed, or detachable mounted, at least one cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) having a wedge angle of between 65° to 95° and having a working width that is larger than, or equal to, the width of the derived wood product panel to be processed, the machine tool including a machine tool table having a movable support structure (6), movable in the advance direction (Z), for supporting the derived wood product panel to be processed, wherein the support structure (6) is configured as a support plate, as a support roller, or as a recirculating chain, wherein the support structure (6) projects at least 3 mm beyond the cutting plane (3.6) described by the cutting edge (3.5) of the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) as viewed in the advance direction (Z),
    wherein the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) performs a separation process in a circumferential motion towards the support structure (6) with a changing work direction (W) at a changing work direction angle of between 35° to 65° with respect to the surface (7.1) of the derived wood product panel (7) until, shortly before, or touching the support structure (6), wherein the circumferential tool motion is combined with an advancing straight line motion of the movable supporting structure (6) that has the same sense and is synchronous with the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), the motion of which is synchronised with a transmission, wherein the support structure (6), wherein the derived wood product panel (7) after it has been penetrated is moved against the direction of advance (Z) through either the advance structure (17) or the support structure (6), wherein the movement against the direction of advance (Z) is dependent of the path of the cutting edge (3.5) of the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) with respect to the chosen advance amount (V) in the work advance direction (Z), wherein the support structure (6) is either moved back to its starting position or moved over a recirculating support structure, such as a support chain or support roller, stepwise in the work advance direction (Z), wherein the cutting edges (3.5) of the cutting/breaking tools (3; 3.1; 3.2) are so spaced around the circumference of the tool carrier (19) that only one cutting edge (3.5) engages the derived wood panel (7) wherein the chipping angle (y), measured between the chipping surface (33) of the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2), or an analogous surface, and the work plane (EW) perpendicular to the working direction (W) at the cutting/breaking tool (3; 3.1; 3.2) is adjustable between +35° and -10°, and wherein the depth of the chipping area (he) is adjustable at the support structure (6) or the advance structure (17) from 3 mm to 30 mm.
  9. Structure according to claim 7 characterised in that
    the cutting/breaking tool (3) is comprised of several, laterally spaced, cutting wedge segments (3.1), (3.2) mounted on a cutting wedge bar which moves in the direction of the work advance.
  10. Utilisation of a derived wood product according to claim 1, characterised in that
    a layer of wood fibre sheet, a thin pressed wood sheet, a fibreglass reinforced synthetic material layer, a plywood sheet, gypsum sheet, an insulation material or an aluminium sheet, are placed on the surface of the plate-like intermediate product and the composite article is used as a compound material as wall, ceiling or floor element in the construction of prefabricated housing or lightweight construction halls.
EP93912625A 1992-10-17 1993-06-26 Plate-like or moulded derived timber product Expired - Lifetime EP0664738B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4234871A DE4234871C1 (en) 1992-10-17 1992-10-17 Method and device for the production of wood-based panels
DE4234871 1992-10-17
PCT/DE1993/000558 WO1994008766A1 (en) 1992-10-17 1993-06-26 Plate-like or moulded derived timber product

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0664738A1 EP0664738A1 (en) 1995-08-02
EP0664738B1 true EP0664738B1 (en) 1996-06-05

Family

ID=6470595

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93912625A Expired - Lifetime EP0664738B1 (en) 1992-10-17 1993-06-26 Plate-like or moulded derived timber product

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5686175A (en)
EP (1) EP0664738B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE138843T1 (en)
AU (1) AU4307693A (en)
CZ (1) CZ284892B6 (en)
DE (2) DE4234871C1 (en)
DK (1) DK0664738T3 (en)
PL (1) PL172192B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1994008766A1 (en)

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FR2963255B1 (en) * 2010-07-29 2013-10-25 Cie Continentale Simmons METHOD FOR RECYCLING FURNITURE, ESPECIALLY SOMMIERS, MATERIAL FLOOR OBTAINED BY SUCH A METHOD, AND ASSOCIATED RECYCLING INSTALLATION
US20130316126A1 (en) 2012-05-04 2013-11-28 Padana Ag Core layer having stick-like elements and multi-layered composite containing the core layer
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CN110480784A (en) * 2019-08-11 2019-11-22 广东始兴县华洲木业有限公司 A kind of preparation process of zero formaldehyde log particle board

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4234871C1 (en) 1994-03-17
CZ95395A3 (en) 1995-12-13
DK0664738T3 (en) 1996-10-21
ATE138843T1 (en) 1996-06-15
DE59302843D1 (en) 1996-07-11
US5686175A (en) 1997-11-11
PL308478A1 (en) 1995-08-07
AU4307693A (en) 1994-05-09
WO1994008766A1 (en) 1994-04-28
CZ284892B6 (en) 1999-03-17
EP0664738A1 (en) 1995-08-02
PL172192B1 (en) 1997-08-29

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