RU2235637C2 - Method for manufacture of wood-metal materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood-working industry, may be used in construction, furniture industry and in mechanic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method involves applying layer of fine metal powder onto sawn wood sheet; pressing-in metal powder arranged in strictly predetermined pattern into sawn wood sheet by means of press; preparing wood-metal material in the ratio of: wood 98% and fine metal chips 2% by weight of material; feeding wood-metal material under pressure of at least 70 MPa and holding for 30 s; rolling said material at pressure of about 20 kN between rolls.

EFFECT: improved mechanical properties of material, provision for obtaining of different kinds of texture on surface of sawn wood sheet by pressing-in of fine metal powder into sawn wood sheet and creation of strictly predetermined pattern of texture.

3 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The technical field to which the invention relates.

The present invention relates to the woodworking industry and can be used in the furniture, construction, engineering industries.

The level of technology.

The author is aware of GOST 24588-81 “Modified wood blanks”, which are obtained by thermodynamic processing and transverse uniaxial compaction of pre-steamed wood with subsequent drying and are mainly used for various machine-building parts (sliding bearings, sliders, saw frames, linings, etc. ), and have a density of up to 1100 kg / m ³ , which makes them very inconvenient for use in the manufacture of furniture (furniture turns out to be heavy), as well as in building finishing structures.

The author is also aware of the mono-tree developed by UkrNIIMOD (see “To study the possibility of obtaining wood pulp by crushing wood for the production of new anisotropic wood materials.” Report of UkrNIIMOD. Topic Manager V.F. Annenkov - TP 0193039383. Kiev, 1966 - 107 s. .)

Monodree is a material made from a flared fibrous plexus of substandard wood raw materials formed during thinning.

The technological process for the production of mono-wood includes the following operations: preparation of raw materials, their expansion into long-fiber plexuses, their drying, resinification of plexuses, pressing and post-press processing.

The mono-tree obtained in this way is a very heavy material and is suitable only for individual irresponsible building structures and cannot be used in the furniture industry or interior decoration work during construction.

The author is aware of various methods of manufacturing composite materials, for example, a.s. No. 1329972, cl. In 27 N 3/02 “A method of manufacturing a composite material based on a phenol-formaldehyde binder and wood filler”, in which dicyandiamide is introduced in the amount of 1-12 wt.% Of the amount of phenol-formaldehyde binder in order to increase the fluidity, impact strength and heat resistance of the material.

The analysis showed that this method of manufacturing a composite material is not suitable for use in the furniture and construction industries, since it does not work well in lateral bending, does not perceive shear forces under vertical load, and does not perceive alternating loads.

Also known “Method for the manufacture of fully pressed wood products" by A. with. No. 1346426, cl. In 27 N 3/02, in which, in order to improve the quality of wood products by increasing the fluidity and viability of the press pulp after mixing the wood particles with a binder, protective treatment of the tarred particles with styrene-butadiene rubber lapix is performed, while the phenol-formaldehyde binder is taken in an amount of 20-25 wt. %, and styrene butadiene rubber latex in the amount of 5-15 wt.% of the amount of press mass.

However, such a composite material is not suitable for the manufacture of furniture and building structures, since being flexible and elastic, it does not hold shock loads very well and does not provide the necessary surface hardness, and also reacts poorly to alternating loads that arise especially in building structures.

The author also knows the application of France No. 2618719 "Production of pressed products", which uses wood fibers of any species and 10% of a binder material in the form of resin, glue or polymerizing substance, this material is pressed at a pressure of 80-500 kg / cm ² .

However, this material is also not suitable for the manufacture of furniture and building structures. Being flexible and able to perceive shock loads, it perceives crushing forces very poorly, does not have sufficient rigidity so as not to deform and lose its geometric shape from cutting forces, which is very important for furniture, moreover, such material is not environmentally friendly.

The author also knows the prototype patent of Russia No. 2179923, class. 7 In 27 M 3/14 “Method for the production of cast sleepers for broad gauge railways”, in which the sleepers are made of various types of wood fibers, metal wire, rubber and viscose, with the aim of improving performance, reducing its weight and cost, and wood fibers obtained from waste wood processing and lumbering, and metal wire, rubber and rayon from worn tires, while the composition is prepared in the proportion of wood fiber 50-70%, metal wire 30-10%, liquid rubber 5-10%, liquid viscose 5 -10% t compressible mass, the composite mass is fed into a press with a pressure of not less than 75 MPa and kept for at least 1 minute at a temperature of 75-100 ° C with limited access of air environment.

However, this material is not suitable for the manufacture of furniture and building structures, as it does not have the ability to process and give the necessary texture.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In the proposed method for the manufacture of wood-metal material for the furniture and construction industries, it is proposed to apply a layer of fine metal powder on the top layer of lumber using a batcher, and then lumber and powder to be fed into a press, the upper part of which is a patterned matrix, and then turn the lumber back under dispenser and apply a layer of fine powder on the second part of the lumber, again feed it under the press. And finally to form a wood-metal material allows it to pass through the rollers of the rolling machine. To ensure sufficient mechanical strength, as well as good material processing properties, 2% of metal sawdust is added to sawn timber, which is 98% of the total volume.

To preserve the shape of the material, as well as the selected texture, small metal filings are pressed into the lumber by a press with a patterned matrix with a pressure of not more than 7 MPa, and in order to preserve the pattern of the required shape, the material can withstand no more than 30 s.

Finally, the surface of a material suitable for the manufacture of furniture and building structures is formed by rollers with a pressure of not more than 20 kN in a rolling machine.

The presence of such distinguishing features from the prototype allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution to the problem has significant novelty.

To prove the conformity of the proposed method to the criterion of significant difference, a comparison was made of the main features with the closest analogue, Russian patent No. 2179923.

The technical result, which gives a positive effect in comparison with the prototype, is determined by the properties and indicators shown in the table.

As a result, it was found that wood-metal material that does not contain wire, rubber, viscose is pressed under pressure by an order of magnitude less, and the pressing time is half as much, and the creation of such material is not limited by any additional conditions.

The presence of distinctive features in the proposed method from the nearest prototype allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "significant differences".

Analysis of the data in the table shows that the claimed method can be technically implemented, as it has all the initial parameters.

The list of figures drawings.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a method of manufacturing a wood-metal material.

Figure 2 shows the product of the method is a metal material, side view.

Figure 3 shows the product of the method is a metal material, top view.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the invention.

The manufacture of wood-metal material begins with the supply of the initial lumber 1, which is fed to the reversible roller table 2 of the batcher 3 of fine metal powder 4. The batcher using rollers 5 is mounted on a beam 6, along which it is moved using a cable block system 6, driven by a reversible drive 7. The operator moves the adjustable slit 8 of the dispenser above the lumber and in the required proportion applies metal powder to the lumber. As soon as the powder application operation is completed, it is automatically transferred to the intermediate roller table 9, which has a rotary device 10, and then immediately without stopping is transferred to the press 11, which has an upper patterned matrix 12. The press compresses fine metal filings for 30 s with a pressure of 7 MPa the press 11 returns the sawn timber with the treated upper plate to the intermediate roller table 9, where the rotary device turns the lumber 180 ° and feeds it back to the versivny roller 2 of the dispenser 3, wherein the other plast also fine metal powder applied, and then the material through the intermediate roller 9 is fed to the press 11 and the pressing cycle is repeated. Then the wood-metal material is transferred to the receiving table 14 of the rolling machine 15, which with rollers 16 with a pressure of 20 kN provides the final refinement of the surfaces of the wood-metal material 17, which is removed from the press by a belt drive 18.

The implementation of the proposed method will open up new opportunities for the furniture and construction industries. Wood-metal materials with various patterns and surfaces will be created, for example, with small copper powders, aluminum, powders of various metal alloys. Such material is light and well processed on various woodworking or metalworking machines, it can be welded, various metal objects can be brazed to its surface, for example, furniture fittings.

Claims (1)

A method of producing wood-metal material, including feeding lumber to a press, characterized in that a layer of fine metal powder is applied to the lumber using a dispenser and the lumber with powder is fed into the press, the upper part of which is a patterned matrix, and the powder is pressed into the lumber, and then lumber is returned to the dispenser, turned over, fine metal powder is poured onto the second layer and again fed into the press, where the powder is pressed into the lumber layer with a strictly defined texture, and for the final formation of wood-metal material it is passed through the rollers of a rolling machine, while wood-metal material is prepared in the proportion of wood - 98%, small metal filings - 2% by weight of the material, and fed into the press with a pressure of at least 7 MPa s a shutter speed of 30 s, and the resulting material is rolled with a force between the rollers of not more than 20 kN.

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