Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
  • D02G3/46—Sewing-cottons or the like
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
  • D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
  • D02G1/165—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam characterised by the use of certain filaments or yarns
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
  • D02G3/34—Yarns or threads having slubs, knops, spirals, loops, tufts, or other irregular or decorative effects, i.e. effect yarns
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
  • Y10T428/2924—Composite
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
  • Y10T428/2976—Longitudinally varying

Definitions

• the present invention relates to new two-component loop yarns, adapted processes for their production and the use of these as sewing and embroidery threads.
• Loop threads made of so-called stand-up and effect threads have recently become known. Loop threads that can be used in particular as sewing threads are e.g. in EP-A-295,601, EP-A-367,938 and EP-A-363,798.
• high-strength and textile roving yarns have been described for the production of the loop yarns described above; these are derived, for example, from low-oriented or partially-oriented filaments. Such filaments usually have to be subjected to a drawing process for use as roving components after spinning.
• polyester-based FOY yarns for the production of loop yarns has so far not become known. It has now been found that such FOY yarns are used for the production of loop yarns to let. This provides a class of yarns for use in loop yarns that can be produced easily and inexpensively.
• the FOY effect component to be used according to the invention is defined by the following combination of features: maximum tensile elongation 35 to 60%, birefringence from 100 * 10 ⁇ 3 to 150 * 10 ⁇ 3, and thermal shrinkage at 200 ° C from 6 to 14%.
• the maximum tensile force elongation is measured in accordance with DIN 53843, Part 1; the birefringence is measured using the method as described in Melliand Textilberichten, 1972, pp. 727-731; and the thermal shrinkage is measured in accordance with DIN 53866, part 3.
• the two-component loop yarn according to the invention can also have any other effect filaments made of synthetic polymers.
• the proportion of the effect filaments characterized by the features i) to v) is preferably more than 80% by weight, in particular 100% by weight, based on the total amount of the effect filaments.
• the two-component loop yarns according to the invention are notable for particularly good sewing behavior and good seam formation, which is expressed by a soft feel of the textile fabric which is sewn together; this is particularly true when the two-component loop yarns according to the invention have a relatively high proportion of effect filaments.
• the invention therefore preferably relates to the two-component loop yarns defined above with a proportion of effect filaments of at least 25% by weight, preferably 30 to 50% by weight, based on the two-component loop yarn.
• Standard and effect filaments generally differ in terms of their individual titer. This can be 0.5 to 8 dtex for the upright filaments. For the effect filaments, this can be 0.2 to 1.5 dtex.
• Two-component loop yarns with effect and / or standing filaments with fine single-filament titers are preferred.
• These embodiments of the yarns according to the invention, in particular those with fine stand and effect filaments, are distinguished by particularly good sewing behavior and good seam formation.
• the single filament titer of the effect filaments is preferably 0.2 to 1.5 dtex, particularly preferably 0.4 to 1.5 dtex.
• the single filament titer of the standing filaments is preferably less than or equal to 2 dtex, particularly preferably 0.5 to 2 dtex, and in particular 1 to 2 dtex.
• the final titer of the two-component loop yarns according to the invention is usually 100 to 1000 dtex.
• Two-component loop yarns which have a final titer of 100 to 900 dtex are preferred.
• the two-component loop yarn according to the invention is composed of stand-up and effect filaments.
• the upright filaments on average are oriented to a much greater extent in the direction of the fiber axis than the effect filaments, which are interwoven and intertwined with the upright filaments, but additionally form loops due to their greater length, and thus the textile properties and usage properties, such as that Sewing behavior, of the yarn according to the invention significantly determine.
• the total denier of upright and effect filaments of the loop yarn according to the invention are usually in a ratio of 40:60 to 75:25, preferably 55:45 to 70:30.
• any high-strength filaments made of synthetic polymers can be used as upright components in the two-component loop yarn according to the invention.
• the strength of the upright component in the two-component loop yarn is usually more than 30 cN / tex, e.g. 30 to 80 cN / tex. Upright filaments with a strength of about 40 to about 75 cN / tex are preferred.
• the loop yarn according to the invention usually has a final strength of more than 30 cN / tex, preferably of more than 40 cN / tex.
• the final strength is the quotient of maximum tensile force and final titer at the moment understood the effect of the maximum tensile force.
• the final strength of the loop yarns according to the invention is particularly preferably 45 to 60 cN / tex.
• the loop yarn according to the invention preferably has a thermal shrinkage at 200 ° C. of below 8%, in particular below 6%.
• Two-component loop yarns which have a final strength of more than 40 cN / tex and a thermal shrinkage at 200 ° C. of less than 6% are very particularly preferred.
• the upright component and part of the effect component of the two-component loop yarns according to the invention can be made from all synthetic spinnable polymers and polycondensation products, e.g. Polyamides such as nylon types or aramids; Polyacrylonitrile; Polyolefins such as polyethylene or polypropylene; Polyether ketones, such as PEK or PEEK; Polyarylene sulfides such as poly-para-phenylene sulfide; and polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate.
• Polyamides such as nylon types or aramids
• Polyacrylonitrile Polyolefins
• Polyether ketones such as PEK or PEEK
• Polyarylene sulfides such as poly-para-phenylene sulfide
• polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate.
• polyester as the starting material for the yarns according to the invention is particularly preferred; especially as the starting material for both yarn components.
• polyesters are those which essentially consist of aromatic dicarboxylic acids, such as, for example, 1,4-, 1,5- or 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, isophthalic acid or in particular terephthalic acid and aliphatic diols having 2 to 6, in particular 2 to 4, carbon atoms such as ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol or 1,4-butanediol can be obtained by cocondensation.
• Hydroxycarboxylic acids such as, for example, p- (2-hydroxyethyl) benzoic acid, are also suitable as starting materials for polyesters.
• polyester raw materials can also be obtained by condensing in small amounts of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, e.g. Glutaric acid, adipic acid or sebacic acid or of polyglycols such as e.g. Diethylene glycol (2,2'-dihydroxydiethyl ether), triethylene glycol (1,2-di- (2-hydroxy-ethoxy) ethane) or even smaller proportions of higher molecular weight polyethylene glycols can be modified.
• aliphatic dicarboxylic acids e.g. Glutaric acid, adipic acid or sebacic acid
• polyglycols such as e.g. Diethylene glycol (2,2'-dihydroxydiethyl ether), triethylene glycol (1,2-di- (2-hydroxy-ethoxy) ethane) or even smaller proportions of higher molecular weight polyethylene glycols can be modified.
• a further modification possibility which in particular influences the dyeing behavior of the two-component loop yarns according to the invention, is the modification by building blocks containing sulfo groups, e.g. through the incorporation of sulfoisophthalic acid.
• loop yarns of the invention from flame-retardant polyester materials, preferably from phospholane-modified polyethylene terephthalate. Examples of such modified polyesters are listed in DE-C-2,346,787.
• the upper limit of the final strength of the loop yarns according to the invention also depends on the degree of condensation chosen for the polymer material used, in particular the polyester material.
• the degree of condensation of the polymer is expressed in its solution viscosity. A high degree of condensation, i.e. a high solution viscosity leads to particularly high final strengths.
• polyester-based loop yarns with a high final strength use high-molecular-weight polyester with an intrinsic viscosity (measured in solutions in dichloroacetic acid at 25 ° C) of greater than or equal to 0.65 dl / g, in particular from 0.70 to 0. 85 dl / g. This applies at least to the upright component; however, it can also apply to stand and effect components.
• a preferred polyester material for producing the loop yarns according to the invention is polyethylene terephthalate. This also includes copolyesters containing recurring ethylene terephthalate units
• the two-component loop yarn according to the invention consisting of stand and effect threads, is produced by blast texturing of two or more roving skeins fed to a texturing nozzle with different lead.
• the blow texturing is carried out by a fluid, e.g. Water or in particular by a gas which is inert to the roving strands, in particular by air, which may be moistened or onto a roving which has been previously moistened.
• the filament material is fed to the blowing nozzle at a higher speed than is drawn from it.
• the yarn strands to be mixed with one another, which then deliver the stand or effect filaments in the finished yarn are fed to the texturing nozzle with different lead.
• the roving strand, from which the upright filaments of the yarn according to the invention emerge, is usually fed to the blow nozzle with a lead of 3 to 10%
• the roving strand, from which the effect filaments of the yarn according to the invention emerge usually with a lead of 10 to 60%.
• T S T St * (1 + (V ST / 100)) + T E * (1 + (V E / 100)), where T St and V St are the titer and lead of the roving and T E and V E are the titer and lead of the effect roving.
• roving strands of different total and single filament titer are used, at least the roving for the upright filament consisting of filaments of such a strength that the final strength of the loop yarn desired for the application area in question can be achieved.
• roving yarns are yarns which are located before the entry into the intermingling nozzle and are used as stand-up and effect components to build up the loop yarn.
• high-strength multifilament yarns are preferably used as the main component, while FOY multifilament yarns are used at least in part as the effect component.
• any multifilament yarns that are either already presented to the texturing device as high-strength multifilament yarns or that are stretched immediately before entering the texturing nozzle are suitable as feedstock for the production of the upright component.
• low-oriented (LOY), partially-oriented (POY) or highly-oriented (HOY) polyester yarns can be used as the starting material for producing the high-strength multifilament yarns.
• the starting materials can be given the required high strength by appropriate stretching (cf. Treptow in chemical fibers / textile industry 6/1985, p.411 ff).
• Preferred polyesters for the production of these high-strength multifilament yarns have, in particular, intrinsic viscosities (measured as indicated above) in the range from 0.60 to 0.70 dl / g or - in the case of particularly high-molecular grades for the production of the main roving yarns - in the range from 0. 70 to 0.85 dl / g.
• high-strength and low-shrinkage yarns are preferably used, such as those e.g. have become known from DE-AS-1,288,734 or EP-A-173,200.
• roving rovings have a thermal shrinkage at 180 ° C. of at most 9%, usually 4 to 9%, preferably 5 to 8%.
• roving rovings have a maximum tensile strength elongation of at most 15%, usually from 8 to 15%, preferably from 8.5 to 12%.
• known FOY multifilament yarns are used as effect rovings.
• Preferred polyesters for the production of these high-strength multifilament yarns for the production of the effect rovings in particular have intrinsic viscosities (measured as indicated above) in the range from 0.60 to 0.70 dl / g.
• the method according to the invention can also be carried out with effect filaments with a single filament titer above 1.5 dtex. Effect yarns made from single filament effect filaments of less than or equal to 4.5 dtex are usually used.
• the preferred ranges of the individual filament titers of the effect filaments indicated above are preferably used.
• Such FOY multifilament yarns are preferably produced as described in DE-A-2,117,659.
• the roving yarn (s) to be used for the upright component are particularly preferably produced in an integrated process step immediately preceding the blast texturing, in which the roving for the upright component is made by stretching a partially oriented spun fabric and an immediately following one. substantially shrink-free heat treatment is obtained. Essentially shrink-free means that the yarn is preferably kept at a constant length during the heat treatment, but that shrinkage of up to 4%, in particular below 2%, can be permitted.
• the strength of the loop yarns obtained is about 5 to 20% higher when the stretching of the rovings for the upright component is integrated. It is assumed that the freshly drawn single filaments are still mobile and are therefore particularly good, i.e. with little loss of strength, let swirl.
• the roving for the upright component made of partially oriented spun fabric is therefore drawn on a drafting device which is subjected to essentially shrink-free heat treatment and immediately thereafter the Blast texturing fed.
• the partially oriented spun fabric is drawn at a temperature of 70 to 100 ° C., preferably via heated godets at a drawing tension in the range from 10 to 30 cN / tex, preferably from 12 to 17 cN / tex (in each case based on the drawn titer).
• the roving provided as the upright component is produced from a partially oriented spun fabric, which is drawn on a drafting device, subjected to an essentially shrink-free heat treatment and is then immediately fed to the blast texturing.
• the essentially shrink-free heat treatment of the yarn immediately following the drawing takes place, for example, at a temperature in the range from 180 to 250 ° C., preferably from 225 to 235 ° C.
• this heat treatment can be carried out in any known manner; it is particularly expedient to carry out the heat treatment directly on a heated take-off godet.
• the primary two-component loop yarn is drawn off under tension, so that the primary yarn is mechanically stabilized while reducing the loop size.
• the withdrawal tension is usually 0.05 to 1.0 cN / tex, preferably 0.15 to 0.4 cN / tex.
• the tension should preferably be selected so that the loops and loops formed are essentially retained, ie do not contract or only bud to a small extent.
• the stabilized primary yarn is heated to fix the yarn structure. It is expedient to subject the yarn of constant length to hot air treatment at air temperatures of 200 to 320 ° C., preferably 240 to 300 ° C.
• the yarn is blown over a certain length with uniformly heated heat transfer gas, so that the heat transfer process takes place more by movement of the heat transfer gas (convection) than by heat transfer by means of a temperature gradient.
• the adhering air boundary layer which counteracts the heat transfer due to its insulating effect, is blown away over a longer yarn path and the heated heat transfer gas can release its heat quickly and evenly to the yarn.
• the temperature of the heat transfer gas only needs to be a little above the yarn temperature, because most of the heat is transported by convective air movement and only a small part by temperature differences. This convective type of heat transfer is very efficient and overheating of the yarn material is avoided, so that gentle and uniform heating is achieved.
• the heat transfer gas can be preheated in any conventional way; for example by contact with a heat exchanger, passing through heated pipes or by direct heating Heating coils.
• the temperature of the preheated heat transfer gas is above the yarn temperature desired in the individual case; the heat transfer gas is preferably heated to temperatures up to 20 ° C. and care is taken to ensure that there is no appreciable drop in temperature between the preheating and the actual heating of the yarn.
• the heated heat transfer gas can be introduced into the thread running channel at any point.
• the heat transfer gas is fed to the thread run channel in such a way that it can come into contact with the yarn along the entire thread run channel.
• the heat transfer gas is preferably conducted into the thread running channel perpendicular to the direction of yarn travel, the heat transfer gas being entrained on the one hand by the running yarn and leaving the heating device via the yarn exit opening together with the running yarn, and on the other hand moving against the yarn travel direction and leaving the heating device via the yarn entry opening.
• the heat transfer gas is blown from small openings perpendicular to the yarn in the central part of the yarn guide channel over a length of about 1/4 to 1/2 of the channel length and escapes in and against the yarn direction from the yarn guide channel.
• cross-blowing is carried out with suction on the opposite side.
• the contacting of the heat transfer gas in the heating device with the running yarn has to take place under such conditions that the yarn inside the heating device heats up to the desired elevated temperature and the heat transfer gas in the heating device cools down very little.
• a particularly great advantage is that the hot gas only has to be heated slightly above the fixing temperature, since the heat transfer does not only depend on the temperature gradient, but is essentially determined by the flowing hot gas.
• the only slight overheating of the hot gas prevents premature melting of the protruding capillary ends or loops, so that the fixing temperature in the compact yarn is reached without the heat-sensitive capillary ends or loops being impaired too much.
• the melting temperature of the protruding capillary ends or loops should be selected as the upper limit of the temperature of the hot gas. In the case of yarns based on polyethylene terephthalate, this upper limit is approximately 270 ° C.
• the two-component loop yarns according to the invention have the advantages of the two-component loop yarns known per se. In this way, the loops of the individual filaments remain fully intact after leaving the blowing texturing nozzle and, thanks to the entrained air, provide good sewing properties even at high sewing speeds. This advantage is evident in the high values for the so-called sewing length to break, which are determined by the method known from DE-A-3,431,832. Furthermore, the two-component loop yarns according to the invention show a uniform dyeing along the thread, in particular the variants which have filaments with a fine single titer.
• a particular advantage is that the two-component loop yarn according to the invention does not have to be twisted.
• it can be used as a sewing thread.
• a desired twist to the yarn, for example a twist of approximately 100 to 300 T / m.
• the two-component loop yarns according to the invention can be used, for example, as embroidery threads or in particular as sewing threads.
• the invention also relates to these uses of the yarns.
• a device for producing the two-component loop yarn according to the invention can be constructed, for example, from the following elements: a creel for the bobbins of the main and effect roving, a drafting device with heatable inlet and outlet godets for the production of the main roving, the speed of which can be adjusted separately, one Blower nozzle, a take-off device for the defined take-off of the blown yarn, if desired a conventional hot air fixation as described above and a take-up spool.
• a bobbin with partially oriented spun fabric with titer 490f32 as the starting material for the production of the main roving and a bobbin with effect roving with titer 76f128 are placed on the creel.
• Both rovings consisted of polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.74 dl / g (roving for upright component) and 0.63 dl / g (roving for effect component) (measured as defined above).
• the effect roving was passed directly over a pair of godets to the texturing nozzle, with the inlet and outlet godets rotating at practically the same speed.
• the starting material for the production of the upright roving was fed to a drawing unit and drawn there using godets in a ratio of 1: 3.25.
• the temperatures of the inlet godets were 85 ° C and the outlet godets were 232 ° C.
• the drawn yarn was passed around the heated outlet godet of the drafting system.
• the single filament titer of the rovings before entering the blow nozzle was 4.71 dtex for the main yarn and 0.57 dtex for the fancy yarn.
• the blown yarn was drawn off behind the blowing nozzle in such a way that a delivery of 7% for the main yarn and 18% for the fancy yarn resulted.
• the loop yarn was mechanically stabilized by pulling off, the tension in the yarn being 0.46 cN / tex.
• the yarn was then fixed by passing it through a hot air oven heated to 260 ° C.
• the raw yarn thus obtained was wound up and then dyed.
• the raw yarn obtained could be dyed evenly.
• Example 2 The procedure was analogous to that of Example 1, with a partially oriented spun fabric having the titer 256f48 as the starting material for the production of the main roving and a bobbin with effect roving having the titer 50f32. Both rovings consisted of polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.73 dl / g (roving for straight thread) and 0.63 dl / g (roving for fancy thread) (measured as defined above).
• the effect roving was fed to the texturing nozzle directly over a pair of godets, with the inlet and outlet godets rotating at practically the same speed (speed difference between the inlet and outlet godets, for example, is up to 5%).
• the starting material for the production of the upright roving was fed to a drawing unit and drawn there with the help of godets in a ratio of 1: 2.20.
• the temperatures of the inlet godets were 85 ° C and the outlet godets were 232 ° C.
• the drawn yarn was passed around the heated outlet godet of the drafting system.
• the single filament titer of the roving before entering the blow nozzle was 2.42 dtex for the main yarn and 1.49 dtex for the fancy yarn.
• the blown yarn was drawn off behind the blowing nozzle in such a way that a delivery of 7% for the main yarn and 17% for the fancy yarn resulted.
• the loop yarn was mechanically stabilized by pulling it off.
• the yarn was then fixed by passing it through a hot air oven heated to 260 ° C.
• the raw yarn thus obtained was wound up and then dyed.
• the raw yarn obtained could be dyed evenly.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

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• 1995
  • 1995-01-12 DE DE59505342T patent/DE59505342D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1995-01-12 EP EP95100371A patent/EP0664352B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1995-01-19 BR BR9500268A patent/BR9500268A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1995-01-20 US US08/375,642 patent/US5593777A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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