EP0662166A1 - Spinning nozzle. - Google Patents

Spinning nozzle.

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Publication number
EP0662166A1
EP0662166A1 EP94921520A EP94921520A EP0662166A1 EP 0662166 A1 EP0662166 A1 EP 0662166A1 EP 94921520 A EP94921520 A EP 94921520A EP 94921520 A EP94921520 A EP 94921520A EP 0662166 A1 EP0662166 A1 EP 0662166A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spinning
cellulose
insert
holes
cooling gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94921520A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0662166B1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Zikeli
Friedrich Ecker
Ernst Rauch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lenzing AG
Original Assignee
Lenzing AG
Chemiefaser Lenzing AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lenzing AG, Chemiefaser Lenzing AG filed Critical Lenzing AG
Publication of EP0662166A1 publication Critical patent/EP0662166A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0662166B1 publication Critical patent/EP0662166B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spinneret for spinning cellulose solutions.
  • tertiary amine oxides can dissolve cellulose and that cellulosic fibers can be obtained from these solutions by precipitation.
  • a method for producing such solutions is known for example from EP-A - 0 356 419.
  • a suspension of cellulose in an aqueous tertiary amine oxide is first prepared.
  • the amine oxide contains up to 40% by mass of water.
  • the aqueous cellulose suspension is heated and water is drawn off under reduced pressure until the cellulose dissolves.
  • the process is carried out in a specially developed, evacuable stirring device.
  • a method of the type mentioned at the outset is known from DE-A-28 30 685, according to which a solution of cellulose in a tertiary amine oxide is formed into filaments in the warm state, the filaments are cooled with air and then introduced into a precipitation bath in order to dissolve them To cut down cellulose. The surface of the spun threads is further wetted with water to reduce their tendency to stick to adjacent threads.
  • the spinneret according to the invention for spinning cellulose solutions has an essentially rotationally symmetrical nozzle body which has a feed for cooling gas in its center, a feed for cellulose solutions, an annular, deep-drawn spinning insert made of precious metal with spinning holes which are arranged at a constant distance from one another. which spinning insert is trough-shaped in cross section, and a baffle plate for directing the cooling gas stream onto cellulose filaments which are extruded from the spinning holes, so that the cooling gas stream essentially perpendicularly strikes the extruded cellulose filaments.
  • the textile properties of the fibers can be influenced by blowing with an inert gas, preferably air.
  • the cooling process of the fila emerging from the spinneret affects not only the thread quality but also the stretching and the elongation of the filaments. Fibers with uniform properties can thus be produced if the freshly extruded filaments are blown with a cooling gas stream which does not cause any turbulence, ie largely laminar.
  • the present invention is based on the knowledge that this method can be further improved if the spinning device used is designed in such a way that the cooling gas flow remains as laminar as possible even when it passes through the thread structure, ie when the freshly extruded cellulose filaments cool down. This is guaranteed if the spinning holes are arranged so that they are at a uniform distance from one another. In this way, it is also possible to spin with hole densities of over 3.9 holes per mm 2 without individual filaments sticking together.
  • a preferred embodiment of the spinneret according to the invention is characterized in that it contains a spinning insert, the spinning holes of which are arranged on at least three concentric circles, at a constant distance from one another, the spinning holes on the concentric circles being best arranged from a radial point of view.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the spinneret according to the invention has a spinning insert with at least 0.48 spinning holes per mm 2 .
  • a gold / platinum alloy has proven to be the best material for use in spinning.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the spinneret according to the invention for spinning solutions of cellulose in a tertiary amine oxide, with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide advantageously being used as the tertiary amine oxide.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically an embodiment of the spinneret according to the invention in section
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically on an enlarged scale a section of the annular spinning insert with the spinning holes.
  • 1 denotes a heatable (not shown heating) spinneret body, which is fed via the feed 3 with spinning mass, ie warm cellulose solution with a temperature of about 100 ° C. (shown schematically with an arrow in FIG. 1).
  • the annular, deep-drawn spinning insert with the spinning holes 6 is designated by 4.
  • This spinning insert 4 is trough-shaped and inserted into the nozzle body, which is designed in a step-like manner in order to carry the spinning insert 4.
  • a section of the spinning insert 4 is shown schematically in FIG. 2, looking towards the spinning direction.
  • Fig. 2 are shown with 6 spinning holes, which are arranged on four circular paths k-, k_, k 3 and k 4 .
  • the spinning holes are arranged in the radial direction at a gap and are uniformly spaced from one another.
  • An exemplary embodiment of such a spinning insert 4 consists of an alloy of 70% gold and 30% platinum, has a diameter of 135 mm, is 1 mm thick, and the drilled ring part has a width of 15 mm.
  • the hole spacing is a uniform 0.50 mm, and the holes are drilled in a row in 19 rows of holes. In this way, more than 15,000 spinning holes can be accommodated.
  • a filter ring 8 is located above the spinning insert 4.
  • the filter ring 8 and the spinning insert 4 are appropriately sealed against the nozzle body (not shown).
  • the feed 3 for spinning mass can be annular. However, it is also possible to supply spinning material to the spinning body 1 only at a few points, provided that the spinning body is designed in such a way that the spinning material can be distributed evenly over the entire spinning insert 4.
  • the thread structure extruded from the spinning holes 6 is designated by the reference number 7.
  • the thread assembly 7 passes through an air gap, which is due to the distance between the spinning holes 6
  • Surface of the precipitation bath (not shown) is defined in the precipitation bath and is peeled off.
  • the extruded thread bandage 7 is cooled with air, which is shown schematically in the figure with a dashed arrow. A delay is achieved in that the thread assembly 7 is pulled off at a higher speed than it leaves the spinning holes 6.
  • the dense, ring-shaped thread assembly 7 is blown laminar from the inside to the outside and is thus cooled.
  • the cooling air thus emerges from a circular slot nozzle, which is formed by the baffle plate 5 and the counterpart 9.
  • the angles shown in FIG. 1 preferably have the following values: (baffle plate): ⁇ 12 °, preferably: 3 - 8 °; ß (upper baffle): ⁇ 10 °, preferably: 4 - 8 °; ⁇ ( ⁇ + ß): ⁇ 22 °.
  • An insulation (not shown) is expediently provided between the supply 2 for cooling gas and ⁇ the supply 3 for spinning material in order to prevent heat transfer from the spinning material to the cooling air.
  • the gas flow when passing through the thread structure is subject to practically no vortex formation, which has a positive effect on the entire spinning process and on the properties of the cellulose fibers formed.
  • the spinning holes are combined, for example, into groups and are not evenly distributed, as a result of which there is no uniform hole / hole spacing, since there are free areas between the individual, grouped thread groups, the cooling gas cannot flow through the thread group without turbulence. This can adversely affect the spinning process.
  • the invention is described in more detail with the following embodiment.
  • a cellulose solution prepared according to the process described in EP-A-0 356 419 was filtered and spun in warm condition with the spinneret shown schematically in FIG.
  • the device has an inner diameter of the tubular feed 2 for cooling gas of 44 mm and a diameter of the baffle plate 5 of 104 mm.
  • the angles a and ß were each 5 °; the total opening angle ⁇ was thus 10 °.
  • the table shows the mass of cellulose solution spun per hour (kg / h), its composition (mass%), its temperature (° C) during spinning, the width of the spinning insert (mm), the number of spinning holes, the hole density (hole / m 2 ), the diameter of the spinning holes ( ⁇ ), the fiber distortion, the supply of cooling air (m 3 / h), its temperature (° C), the temperature (° C) of the internal cooling air discharged, the NMMO content of the Precipitation bath (mass% NMMO) and the final titer of the fibers produced (dtex).

Abstract

The spinneret according to the invention is especially suitable for spinning cellulose solutions and has a die body which is essentially rotationally symmetrical having an inlet in its centre for cooling gas, an inlet for cellulose solutions, an annular deep-drawn spinning insert of precious metal with spinning holes wherein the spinning insert is designed pan-shaped in cross-section, and a baffle plate to deflect the cooling gas stream through the cellulose filaments which are extruded from the spinning holes, so that the cooling gas stream strikes the extruded cellulose filaments essentially at right angles. The spinning holes in the spinning insert are uniformly spaced from one another.

Description

Spinndüse Spinneret
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Spinndüse zum Verspinnen von Celluloselösungen.The present invention relates to a spinneret for spinning cellulose solutions.
Aus der US-PS 2,179,181 ist bekannt, daß tertiäre Aminoxide Cellulose zu lösen vermögen und daß aus diesen Lösungen durch Fällung cellulosische Fasern gewonnen werden können. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Lösungen ist beispielsweise aus der EP-A - 0 356 419 bekannt. Gemäß dieser Veröffentlichung wird zunächst eine Suspension von Cellulose in einem wässerigen tertiären Aminoxid bereitet. Das Aminoxid enthält bis zu 40 Masse-% Wasser. Die wässerige Cellulose-Suspension wird erhitzt und unter Druckverminderung wird so lange Wasser abgezogen, bis die Cellulose in Lösung geht. Das Verfahren wird in einer eigens entwickelten, evakuierbaren Rühreinrichtung durchgeführt.From US Pat. No. 2,179,181 it is known that tertiary amine oxides can dissolve cellulose and that cellulosic fibers can be obtained from these solutions by precipitation. A method for producing such solutions is known for example from EP-A - 0 356 419. According to this publication, a suspension of cellulose in an aqueous tertiary amine oxide is first prepared. The amine oxide contains up to 40% by mass of water. The aqueous cellulose suspension is heated and water is drawn off under reduced pressure until the cellulose dissolves. The process is carried out in a specially developed, evacuable stirring device.
Aus der DE-A - 28 44 163 ist bekannt, zur Herstellung von Cellulosefasern zwischen Spinndüse und Fällbad eine Luftstrecke bzw. einen Luftspalt zu legen, um einen Düsenverzug zu erreichen. Dieser Düsenverzug ist notwendig, da nach Kontakt der geformten Spinnlösung mit dem wässerigen Fällbad eine Reckung der Fäden sehr erschwert wird. Im Fällbad wird die im Luftspalt eingestellte Faserstruktur fixiert.From DE-A-28 44 163 it is known for the production of cellulose fibers to lay an air gap or an air gap between the spinneret and the precipitation bath in order to achieve a warpage of the nozzle. This warping of the nozzles is necessary because after the formed spinning solution comes into contact with the aqueous precipitation bath, it is very difficult to stretch the threads. The fiber structure set in the air gap is fixed in the precipitation bath.
Ein Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art ist aus der DE-A - 28 30 685 bekannt, wonach eine Lösung von Cellulose in einem tertiären Aminoxid in warmem Zustand zu Filamenten geformt, die Filamente mit Luft abgekühlt und anschließend in ein Fällbad eingebracht werden, um die gelöste Cellulose zu fällen. Die Oberfläche der versponnenen Fäden wird weiters mit Wasser benetzt, um ihre Neigung, an benachbarten Fäden anzukleben, zu vermindern.A method of the type mentioned at the outset is known from DE-A-28 30 685, according to which a solution of cellulose in a tertiary amine oxide is formed into filaments in the warm state, the filaments are cooled with air and then introduced into a precipitation bath in order to dissolve them To cut down cellulose. The surface of the spun threads is further wetted with water to reduce their tendency to stick to adjacent threads.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß alle Verfahren des Standes der Technik hinsichtlich der Filamentbildung und der textilen Eigenschaften der Fasern unbefriedigend sind. Aufgrund des kurzen Spinnspaltes zwischen Spinndüse und Fällungsbad, der im Bereich einiger Zentimeter liegt, und der damit verbundenen, nur kurzen Zeit, in der die Eigenschaften der Faser eingestellt werden können, ist es schwierig, für alle Filamente des Filamentverbandes und für die nach Fällung erhaltenen Fasern z.B. einen gleichmäßigen Titer, eine gleichmäßige Festigkeit und Dehnung zu erzielen. Dies trifft insbesondere dann zu, wenn mit hoher Leistung, das heißt hoher Fadendichte, gesponnen wird.It has been shown that all prior art processes are unsatisfactory in terms of filament formation and the textile properties of the fibers. Due to the short spinning gap between the spinneret and the precipitation bath, which is in the range of some Centimeters, and the associated, only short time in which the properties of the fiber can be adjusted, it is difficult to achieve, for example, a uniform titer, a uniform strength and elongation for all filaments of the filament association and for the fibers obtained after precipitation . This is especially true when spinning with high power, i.e. high thread density.
Hier setzt nun die Erfindung an, welche sich somit die Aufgabe stellt, den Spinnprozeß so zu verbessern, daß obige Probleme beseitigt werden, sodaß ein dichter Fadenverband gesponnen werden kann und die textilen Eigenschaften der gesponnen Fäden trotzdem besser eingestellt werden können.This is where the invention comes in, which is therefore the task of improving the spinning process in such a way that the above problems are eliminated, so that a dense thread structure can be spun and the textile properties of the spun threads can nevertheless be better adjusted.
Umfangreiche Versuche haben gezeigt, daß dieses Ziel mit einer speziell ausgestalteten Spinnvorrichtung erreicht werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäße Spinndüse zum Verspinnen von Cellulose¬ lösungen besitzt einen im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildeten Düsenkörper, der in seinem Zentrum eine Zuführung für Kühlgaε besitzt, eine Zuführung für Celluloselösungen, einen ringförmigen, tiefgezogenen Spinneinsatz aus Edelmetall mit Spinnlöchern, die in konstantem Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind, welcher Spinneinsatz im Querschnitt wannenförmig ausgebildet ist, und einen Prallteller zum Lenken des Kühlgasstromε auf Cellulosefilamente, die aus den Spinnlöchern extrudiert werden, sodaß der Kühlgasεtrom im weεentlichen εenkrecht auf die extrudierten Celluloεefilamente trifft.Extensive tests have shown that this goal can be achieved with a specially designed spinning device. The spinneret according to the invention for spinning cellulose solutions has an essentially rotationally symmetrical nozzle body which has a feed for cooling gas in its center, a feed for cellulose solutions, an annular, deep-drawn spinning insert made of precious metal with spinning holes which are arranged at a constant distance from one another. which spinning insert is trough-shaped in cross section, and a baffle plate for directing the cooling gas stream onto cellulose filaments which are extruded from the spinning holes, so that the cooling gas stream essentially perpendicularly strikes the extruded cellulose filaments.
Über die Beblasung mit einem inerten Gaε, vorzugsweise Luft, können die textilen Eigenschaften der Fasern beeinflußt werden. Der Abkühlvorgang des auε der Spinndüse austretenden Fila ents beeinflußt neben der Fadengualität auch die Verstreckung und die Dehnung der Filamente. So können Fasern mit einheitlichen Eigenschaften hergestellt werden, wenn die frisch extrudierten Filamente mit einem Kühlgasstrom beblasen werden, der möglichεt keine Turbulenzen auf eiεt, daε heißt weitgehend laminar iεt. Die vorliegende Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, daß dieεeε Verfahren weiter verbeεεert werden kann, wenn die verwendete Spinnvorrichtung derart gestaltet wird, daß der Kühlgasεtrom auch beim Durchgang durch den Fadenverband, alεo beim Abkühlen der frisch extrudierten Cellulosefilamente, möglichst laminar bleibt. Dies iεt dann gewährleiεtet, wenn die Spinnlöcher so angeordnet sind, daß sie zueinander einen einheitlichen Abstand aufweisen. Auf diese Weise iεt es weiters möglich, mit Lochdichten von über 3,9 Loch pro mm2 zu spinnen, ohne daß es zu Verklebungen einzelner Filamente kommt.The textile properties of the fibers can be influenced by blowing with an inert gas, preferably air. The cooling process of the fila emerging from the spinneret affects not only the thread quality but also the stretching and the elongation of the filaments. Fibers with uniform properties can thus be produced if the freshly extruded filaments are blown with a cooling gas stream which does not cause any turbulence, ie largely laminar. The present invention is based on the knowledge that this method can be further improved if the spinning device used is designed in such a way that the cooling gas flow remains as laminar as possible even when it passes through the thread structure, ie when the freshly extruded cellulose filaments cool down. This is guaranteed if the spinning holes are arranged so that they are at a uniform distance from one another. In this way, it is also possible to spin with hole densities of over 3.9 holes per mm 2 without individual filaments sticking together.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Spinndüse ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Spinneinsatz enthält, dessen Spinnlöcher sich auf mindestens drei konzentrischen Kreisen, in konstantem Abstand zueinander, angeordnet sind, wobei die Spinnlöcher auf den konzentrischen Kreisen in radialer Sicht am besten auf Lücke angeordnet sind. Dies gestattet eine beεonderε gleichmäßige Temperaturführung des Spinnprozesεeε, wodurch eine gleichmäßig Abkühlung der Filamente erreicht wird, was sich vorteilhaft auf die Eigenschaften der Cellulosefasern auswirkt.A preferred embodiment of the spinneret according to the invention is characterized in that it contains a spinning insert, the spinning holes of which are arranged on at least three concentric circles, at a constant distance from one another, the spinning holes on the concentric circles being best arranged from a radial point of view. This allows a particularly uniform temperature control of the spinning process, whereby a uniform cooling of the filaments is achieved, which has an advantageous effect on the properties of the cellulose fibers.
Eine besonderε bevorzugte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Spinndüεe weiεt einen Spinneinεatz mit mindestenε 0,48 Spinnlöcher pro mm2 auf. Alε Material für den Spinneinsatz hat sich eine Gold/Platin-Legierung am besten bewährt.A particularly preferred embodiment of the spinneret according to the invention has a spinning insert with at least 0.48 spinning holes per mm 2 . A gold / platinum alloy has proven to be the best material for use in spinning.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Spinndüse zum Verεpinnen von Lösungen von Cellulose in einem tertiären Aminoxid, wobei alε daε tertiäre Aminoxid vorteilhaft N-Methylmorpholin-N-oxid eingesetzt wird.The invention also relates to the use of the spinneret according to the invention for spinning solutions of cellulose in a tertiary amine oxide, with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide advantageously being used as the tertiary amine oxide.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren wird an Hand der Zeichnung bei- spielshaft noch näher erläutert, in der die Figur 1 schematiεch eine Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Spinndüse im Schnitt und die Figur 2 schematisch in vergrößertem Maßstab einen Ausschnitt des ringförmigen Spinneinsatzeε mit den Spinnlöchem zeigt. In Figur 1 ist mit 1 ein beheizbarer (Beheizung nicht dargestellt) Spinndüsenkörper bezeichnet, welcher über die Zuführung 3 mit Spinnmasse, d.h. warmer Celluloselösung mit einer Temperatur von etwa 100 *C (in der Figur 1 schematisch mit einem Pfeil dargestellt), beschickt wird. Mit 4 ist der ringförmige, tiefgezogene Spinneinsatz mit den Spinnlöchern 6 bezeichnet. Dieser Spinneinsatz 4 ist wannenförmig ausgebildet und in den Düsenkörper eingelegt, der entsprechend stufenartig ausgebildet ist, um den Spinneinsatz 4 zu tragen.The method according to the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which FIG. 1 shows schematically an embodiment of the spinneret according to the invention in section and FIG. 2 shows schematically on an enlarged scale a section of the annular spinning insert with the spinning holes. In FIG. 1, 1 denotes a heatable (not shown heating) spinneret body, which is fed via the feed 3 with spinning mass, ie warm cellulose solution with a temperature of about 100 ° C. (shown schematically with an arrow in FIG. 1). The annular, deep-drawn spinning insert with the spinning holes 6 is designated by 4. This spinning insert 4 is trough-shaped and inserted into the nozzle body, which is designed in a step-like manner in order to carry the spinning insert 4.
Zum besseren Verständnis ist in Fig. 2 ein Ausschnitt des Spinneinsatzes 4 schematisch gezeigt, mit Blickrichtung gegen die Spinnrichtung. In Fig. 2 sind mit 6 Spinnlöcher dargestellt, die auf vier Kreisbahnen k-, k_, k3 und k4 angeordnet sind. Die Spinnlöcher sind .in radialer Richtung auf Lücke angeordnet und voneinander einheitlich beabstandet. Eine beispielhafte Ausführungsform eines derartigen Spinneinsatzes 4 besteht aus einer Legierung von 70% Gold und 30% Platin, besitzt einen Durchmesser von 135 mm, ist 1 mm dick, und der bebohrte Ringteil weist eine Breite von 15 mm auf. Der Lochabstand beträgt einheitlich 0,50 mm, und die Löcher sind in 19 Lochreihen auf Lücke gebohrt. Auf diese Weise können mehr als 15.000 Spinnlöcher untergebracht werden.For a better understanding, a section of the spinning insert 4 is shown schematically in FIG. 2, looking towards the spinning direction. In Fig. 2 are shown with 6 spinning holes, which are arranged on four circular paths k-, k_, k 3 and k 4 . The spinning holes are arranged in the radial direction at a gap and are uniformly spaced from one another. An exemplary embodiment of such a spinning insert 4 consists of an alloy of 70% gold and 30% platinum, has a diameter of 135 mm, is 1 mm thick, and the drilled ring part has a width of 15 mm. The hole spacing is a uniform 0.50 mm, and the holes are drilled in a row in 19 rows of holes. In this way, more than 15,000 spinning holes can be accommodated.
über dem Spinneinsatz 4 befindet sich ein Filterring 8. Filterring 8 und Spinneinsatz 4 sind gegen den Düsenkörper entsprechend abgedichtet (nicht gezeigt) .A filter ring 8 is located above the spinning insert 4. The filter ring 8 and the spinning insert 4 are appropriately sealed against the nozzle body (not shown).
Die Zuführung 3 für Spinnmasse kann ringförmig ausgebildet sein. Es ist aber auch möglich, dem Spinnkörper 1 nur an einigen Stellen Spinnmasse zuzuführen, sofern der Spinnkörper so gestaltet ist, daß sich die Spinnmasse über den gesamten Spinneinsatz 4 gleichmäßig verteilen kann.The feed 3 for spinning mass can be annular. However, it is also possible to supply spinning material to the spinning body 1 only at a few points, provided that the spinning body is designed in such a way that the spinning material can be distributed evenly over the entire spinning insert 4.
Der aus den Spinnlöchern 6 extrudierte Fadenverband ist mit der Bezugsziffer 7 bezeichnet. Der Fadenverband 7 gelangt über eine Luftstrecke, welche durch den Abstand der Spinnlöcher 6 zur Oberfläche des Fällbades (nicht gezeigt) definiert ist, in das Fällbad und wird abgezogen. Der extrudierte Fadenverband 7 wird mit Luft gekühlt, was in der Figur schematisch mit einem strichlierten Pfeil dargestellt ist. Ein Verzug wird erreicht, indem der Fadenverband 7 mit größerer Geschwindigkeit abgezogen wird, als er die Spinnlöcher 6 verläßt.The thread structure extruded from the spinning holes 6 is designated by the reference number 7. The thread assembly 7 passes through an air gap, which is due to the distance between the spinning holes 6 Surface of the precipitation bath (not shown) is defined in the precipitation bath and is peeled off. The extruded thread bandage 7 is cooled with air, which is shown schematically in the figure with a dashed arrow. A delay is achieved in that the thread assembly 7 is pulled off at a higher speed than it leaves the spinning holes 6.
Das über die Zuführung 2 eingeblasene Kühlgaε, welches vorzugsweise Luft ist, trifft auf den Prallteller 5 und wird auf eine im wesentlichen horizontale Richtung umgelenkt. Der dichte, ringförmige Fadenverband 7 wird von innen nach außen laminar beblasen und damit gekühlt. Die Kühlluft tritt somit aus einer kreisförmigen Schlitzdüse aus, die von der Prallplatte 5 und vom Gegenstück 9 gebildet wird. Die in Fig. 1 eingezeichneten Winkel weisen bevorzugt folgende Werte auf: (Prallplatte): < 12°, bevorzugt: 3 - 8°; ß (oberes Leitblech): < 10°, bevorzugt: 4 - 8°; σ (α + ß): < 22° . Zweckmäßigerweise wird zwischen der Zuführung 2 für Kühlgas und < der Zuführung 3 für Spinnmasse eine Isolierung (nicht gezeigt) vorgesehen, um einen Wärmeübergang von der Spinnmasse zur Kühlluft zu unterbinden.The cooling gas blown in via the feed 2, which is preferably air, strikes the baffle plate 5 and is deflected in a substantially horizontal direction. The dense, ring-shaped thread assembly 7 is blown laminar from the inside to the outside and is thus cooled. The cooling air thus emerges from a circular slot nozzle, which is formed by the baffle plate 5 and the counterpart 9. The angles shown in FIG. 1 preferably have the following values: (baffle plate): <12 °, preferably: 3 - 8 °; ß (upper baffle): <10 °, preferably: 4 - 8 °; σ (α + ß): <22 °. An insulation (not shown) is expediently provided between the supply 2 for cooling gas and < the supply 3 for spinning material in order to prevent heat transfer from the spinning material to the cooling air.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Anordnung der Spinnlöcher mit einheitlichem Loch/Loch-Abstand der Gasström bei Durchtritt durch den Fadenverband praktisch keiner Wirbelbildung unterliegt, was sich auf den gesamten Spinnprozeß und auf die Eigenschaften der entstehenden Cellulosefasern positiv auswirkt. Werden dagegen die Spinnlöcher beispielsweise zu Gruppen zusammengefaßt und nicht gleichmäßig verteilt, wodurch kein einheitlicher Loch/Loch-Abstand gegeben ist, da freie Flächen zwischen den einzelnen, gruppenförmig zusammengefaßten Fadenverbänden vorhanden sind, kann das Kühlgas nicht turbulenzfrei durch den Fadenverband strömen. Dies kann den Spinnprozeß nachteilig beeinflussen. Mit dem nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispiel wird die Erfindung noch näher beschrieben.It has been shown that with the arrangement of the spinning holes with a uniform hole / hole spacing according to the invention, the gas flow when passing through the thread structure is subject to practically no vortex formation, which has a positive effect on the entire spinning process and on the properties of the cellulose fibers formed. If, on the other hand, the spinning holes are combined, for example, into groups and are not evenly distributed, as a result of which there is no uniform hole / hole spacing, since there are free areas between the individual, grouped thread groups, the cooling gas cannot flow through the thread group without turbulence. This can adversely affect the spinning process. The invention is described in more detail with the following embodiment.
Beispielexample
Eine gemäß dem in der EP-A - 0 356 419 beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellte Cellulose-Lösung wurde filtriert und in warmem Zuεtand mit der in Figur 1 schematiεch dargeεtellten Spinndüse verεponnen. Die Vorrichtung wieε einen Innendurchmeεεer der rohrförmigen Zuführung 2 für Kühlgaε von 44 mm und einen Durchmeεser des Pralltellers 5 von 104 mm auf. Die Winkel a und ß betrugen jeweils 5°; der Geεamtöffnungεwinkel σ betrug εomit 10°.A cellulose solution prepared according to the process described in EP-A-0 356 419 was filtered and spun in warm condition with the spinneret shown schematically in FIG. The device has an inner diameter of the tubular feed 2 for cooling gas of 44 mm and a diameter of the baffle plate 5 of 104 mm. The angles a and ß were each 5 °; the total opening angle σ was thus 10 °.
In der Tabelle sind die pro Stunde versponnene Masse an Celluloselösung (kg/h), ihre Zusammenεetzung (Maεse-%), ihre Temperatur (° C) beim Verspinnen, die Breite des Spinneinsatzeε (mm), die Anzahl Spinnlöcher, die Lochdichte (Loch/m2), der Durchmesser der Spinnlöcher (μ), der Faserverzug, die Zufuhr der Kühlluft (m3/h), ihre Temperatur (° C), die Temperatur (° C) der abgeführten inneren Kühlluft, der NMMO-Gehalt des Fällbades (Masεe-% NMMO) und der Endtiter der hergeεtellten Fasern (dtex) angegeben.The table shows the mass of cellulose solution spun per hour (kg / h), its composition (mass%), its temperature (° C) during spinning, the width of the spinning insert (mm), the number of spinning holes, the hole density (hole / m 2 ), the diameter of the spinning holes (μ), the fiber distortion, the supply of cooling air (m 3 / h), its temperature (° C), the temperature (° C) of the internal cooling air discharged, the NMMO content of the Precipitation bath (mass% NMMO) and the final titer of the fibers produced (dtex).
TABELLETABLE
Celluloselösung (kg/h) 27,6Cellulose solution (kg / h) 27.6
Cellulosegehalt (% Maεεe) 15Cellulose content (% mass) 15
Temp. d Celluloselösg. (°C) 117Temp. D cellulose solution. (° C) 117
Breite des Spinneinsatzeε 15Width of the spinning insert 15
Anzahl Spinnlöcher 15048Number of spinning holes 15048
Lochdichte (Loch/mm2) 3,94Hole density (hole / mm 2 ) 3.94
Lochdurchmesser (μm) 100Hole diameter (μm) 100
Faserverzug 14,5Warping 14.5
Kühlluft (m3/h) 34,8Cooling air (m 3 / h) 34.8
Temp. d. zugef. Kühlluft 21Temp. D. added Cooling air 21
Temp. d. abgef. Kühlluft 36 Fällbad (% NMMO) 20Temp. D. dep. Cooling air 36 Precipitation bath (% NMMO) 20
Temp. Fällbad 20Temp. Precipitation bath 20
Minimaler Fadentiter (dtex) 1,18 Minimum thread titer (dtex) 1.18

Claims

Patentansprüche: Claims:
1. Spinndüse zum Verspinnen von Celluloselösungen mit einem im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildeten Düsenkörper (1), der in seinem Zentrum eine Zuführung (2) für Kühlgas besitzt, einer Zuführung (3) für Celluloselösungen, einen ringförmigen, tiefgezogenen Spinneinsatz (4) aus Edelmetall mit Spinnlöchern (6) , die in konstantem Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind, welcher Spinneinsatz (4) im Querschnitt wannenförmig ausgebildet ist, und einem Prallteller (5) zum Lenken des Kühlgasstroms auf Cellulosefilamente (7) , die aus den Spinnlöchern extrudiert werden, sodaß der Kühlgasstrom im wesentlichen senkrecht auf die extrudierten Cellulosefilamente trifft.1.Spinning nozzle for spinning cellulose solutions with an essentially rotationally symmetrical nozzle body (1) which has a feed (2) for cooling gas in its center, a feed (3) for cellulose solutions, an annular, deep-drawn spinning insert (4) made of precious metal Spinning holes (6), which are arranged at a constant distance from each other, which spinning insert (4) is trough-shaped in cross section, and a baffle plate (5) for directing the cooling gas flow onto cellulose filaments (7), which are extruded from the spinning holes, so that the cooling gas flow essentially perpendicular to the extruded cellulose filaments.
2. Spinndüse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Spinneinsatz (4) enthält, dessen Spinnlδcher (6) sich auf mindestens drei konzentrischen Kreisen (k., k_, k_, ...) angeordnet sind.2. Spinneret according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a spinning insert (4), the Spinnlδcher (6) are arranged on at least three concentric circles (k., K_, k_, ...).
3. Spinndüse nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spinnlöcher (6) auf den konzentrischen Kreisen (k., k2, 3, ...) in radialer Sicht auf Lücke angeordnet sind.3. Spinneret according to claim 2, characterized in that the spinning holes (6) on the concentric circles (k., K 2 , 3 , ...) are arranged in a radial view of the gap.
4. Spinndüse nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spinneinsatz (4) mindestens 0,48 Loch pro mm2 aufweist.4. Spinneret according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spinning insert (4) has at least 0.48 hole per mm 2 .
5. Spinndüse nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Spinneinsatz (4) aus einer Gold/Platin-Legierung gefertigt ist.5. Spinneret according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the spinning insert (4) is made of a gold / platinum alloy.
6. Verwendung einer Spinndüse nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 zum Verspinnen von Lösungen von Cellulose in einem tertiären Aminoxid. 6. Use of a spinneret according to one or more of claims 1 to 5 for spinning solutions of cellulose in a tertiary amine oxide.
7. Verwendung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das tertiäre Aminoxid N-Methylmorpholin-N-oxid ist. 7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that the tertiary amine oxide is N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide.
EP94921520A 1993-07-28 1994-07-12 Spinning nozzle Expired - Lifetime EP0662166B1 (en)

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AT1497/93 1993-07-28
AT0149793A AT402738B (en) 1993-07-28 1993-07-28 SPIDER NOZZLE
PCT/AT1994/000090 WO1995004173A1 (en) 1993-07-28 1994-07-12 Spinning nozzle

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JPH08502558A (en) 1996-03-19
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GR3019615T3 (en) 1996-07-31
WO1995004173A1 (en) 1995-02-09
GB2285240B (en) 1997-04-09
CN1113089A (en) 1995-12-06
ES2086249T3 (en) 1996-06-16
ATE135755T1 (en) 1996-04-15
AU7221694A (en) 1995-02-28
TR27836A (en) 1995-08-31
TW257797B (en) 1995-09-21
BR9405533A (en) 1999-09-08
YU48668B (en) 1999-06-15
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YU43994A (en) 1997-05-28
ZA944767B (en) 1995-02-16
US5650112A (en) 1997-07-22
GB2285240A (en) 1995-07-05
CN1039040C (en) 1998-07-08
DK0662166T3 (en) 1996-07-29
ATA149793A (en) 1996-12-15
AU682704B2 (en) 1997-10-16
AT402738B (en) 1997-08-25
SI0662166T1 (en) 1997-10-31

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