EP0661081B1 - Procédé pour optimaliser un dispositif d'extinction d'incendies relativement à la consommation de la substance d'extinction de feu et/ou au temps d'extinction - Google Patents

Procédé pour optimaliser un dispositif d'extinction d'incendies relativement à la consommation de la substance d'extinction de feu et/ou au temps d'extinction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0661081B1
EP0661081B1 EP94119613A EP94119613A EP0661081B1 EP 0661081 B1 EP0661081 B1 EP 0661081B1 EP 94119613 A EP94119613 A EP 94119613A EP 94119613 A EP94119613 A EP 94119613A EP 0661081 B1 EP0661081 B1 EP 0661081B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extinguishing
fire
water
pressure
drop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94119613A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0661081A1 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens Building Technologies AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Building Technologies AG filed Critical Siemens Building Technologies AG
Publication of EP0661081A1 publication Critical patent/EP0661081A1/fr
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0072—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using sprayed or atomised water
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/62—Pipe-line systems dry, i.e. empty of extinguishing material when not in use

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for optimizing an extinguishing device on the extinguishing agent consumption and / or the extinguishing time, the extinguishing device at least a pressure tank for storing the extinguishing agent, a piping system and a number of nozzles for spraying the extinguishing agent under variable pressure.
  • the object of the invention is a water to use extinguishing method and an extinguishing device, which the said Avoid disadvantages.
  • the invention aims at complete deletion with optimal Enable extinguishing water consumption.
  • the method according to the invention is based on extensive thermodynamic and fluid mechanical Calculations that allow for different types of fires in any room to determine the fire performance and fire gas development and the ones necessary for extinguishing Calculate deletion parameters.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that the development for any fire of the flue gas flow and the relationship for a given nozzle design between size and speed of the extinguishing agent drops as well as throughput and Extinguishing agent pressure determined using thermodynamic and fluidic methods and that one or more of the extinguishing parameters pressure, extinguishing agent throughput, drop size and drop speed can be matched to the potential fire material.
  • WO-A-92/22353 describes a method for extinguishing fires, in particular those in the Engine compartment of ships described which extinguishing liquid under such a high pressure is sprayed that initially creates a spray mist. The pressure is then reduced and Spray liquid sprayed. This procedure is based on a certain type of fire leads to a reduction in the extinguishing water consumption, but does not allow coordination the extinguishing parameter on the potential fire material. In addition, the process is static and calculates neither the development of the flue gas flow nor the relationship between size and speed of the extinguishing agent drops as well as throughput and pressure of the extinguishing agent.
  • US-A-3,648,019 describes a method for extinguishing fires, in which the Fire is fought with two streams of extinguishing agent.
  • the one extinguishing agent flow consists of very fine drops for cooling the ambient atmosphere and the other consists of relatively large ones Drops that will surely pierce the ascending warm air cone (plume).
  • This Process may like to calculate the relationship between size and speed of the extinguishing agent drops take place, however, since no calculation of the development of the flue gas flow the extinguishing parameters cannot be matched to the potential fire material.
  • the first step is the development for a given fire of the flue gas flow determined using a fire model.
  • the ascent speeds and temperature of the fire gases depending on the burn rate (fire performance), the burning quality, the fire area and the room height.
  • FIG. 1a shows the drop in the drop speed as a function of the room height from -15 m / s to -3 m / s.
  • Figure 1b shows an increase in the drop temperature from 20 ° C at a height of 8 m to 74 ° C, where there is no evaporation but an evaporation with a strong cooling effect of the gases.
  • Figure 1c shows a decrease in the temperature of the flue gas to 556 ° C at a height of 8 m.
  • FIG. 2 shows the simulated behavior of smaller drops with a mean diameter of 1.5 mm.
  • the simulation shows that the speed of drops of this size at a height drops from 3 m to zero and the drops are carried away and no deletion takes place can.
  • FIG. 3 shows the effect of a lower exit speed of -5 m / s.
  • the simulation shows that the exit velocity has a strong impact on the Has erasability.
  • the drop speed drops again at 3 m above the source of the fire to zero.
  • FIG. 4 shows the behavior of drops, that of a lower room height of 4 m. The drops move when they hit on the source of the fire at a speed of -1 m / s and cause an extinguishing.
  • Figure 5 shows experimentally determined Values of the extinguishing parameters differential pressure at the nozzle and water flow for a number various nozzle types and fires used, namely wood, petrol, ethanol, PET and Heptane fires.
  • the nozzle types used were, for example, full cone, hollow cone (swirl chamber), Multi-hole and single-hole nozzles.
  • the start-up is fire-promoting can be.
  • the air from the lines is fed into the nozzles Blown fire area, which can fuel the fire or increase the fire with liquids can.
  • the pipe can also be used to dampen the pressure surge in the supply line to the nozzles to the tank valves, a slowly opening valve between the tank valves and have the nozzles, or a pressure cushion vessel can be attached in front of the individual nozzles be, which creates a natural gas cushion.
  • the water supply is stored in one or more pressure bottles 1, which are only about 60% are filled with water. This is done with an inert gas such as nitrogen or carbon dioxide a gas cushion applied.
  • the supply pressure in the bottles is from the following Pipe system and the nozzles and is usually between 20 and 100 bar.
  • Each Bottle can be opened via a container valve 2. The opening takes place according to the state of the Technology via an electrical or pneumatic force, which is released via an extinguishing center 3 becomes.
  • the amount of extinguishing water is predetermined by the water storage in bottles. One too large amount of fire water, which damages the property to be protected more than protects it locked out.
  • the fire detector 4 releases the control force for everyone via the extinguishing center 3 Container valves 2 off.
  • the water is released from the gas cushions in the bottles through the dip tubes 5 pressed into the manifold 6.
  • the manifold is removed from the line system 8 by a valve 7 Cut.
  • the extinguishing center opens valve 7 completely within 5 to 30 seconds. With this Delayed opening prevents a dangerous air blast from the nozzles 9 into the fire zone.
  • the slowly opening valve 7 can be a commercially available engine valve, preferably however, a slowly opening ball valve is used.
  • the pipeline system 8 can be up to 100 m long from the header pipe 6 to the nozzles 9.
  • the Pipe diameters are based on the hydraulic requirements of the extinguishing system (throughput and Pressure drop), taking into account that there is a gas-liquid mixture in the pipes can flow.
  • the nozzle 9 In order to prevent possible start-up air surges in strongly asymmetrical line systems, the nozzle 9 to provide so-called pressure cushion vessels 10. These empty containers (also wind kettles called) can dampen pressure surges similar to a gas spring. This additional device complements the slowly opening valve 7 for mastering the starting air blast.
  • the nozzles 9 can be of different designs.
  • the hydraulic properties are however, to be measured for each nozzle type and to be taken into account in the design calculations. Tests have shown that so-called swirl chamber nozzles are particularly suitable because the The outlet openings of these nozzles are large and there is therefore no risk of clogging.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé pour optimiser la consommation d'agent d'extinction et/ou le temps d'extinction d'un dispositif d'extinction d'incendies, le dispositif d'extinction comprenant au moins un réservoir (1) sous pression de stockage d'agent d'extinction, un système (6, 8) de tuyauteries et un certain nombre de buses (9) pour pulvériser l'agent d'extinction sous forme de gouttes sous pression variable, caractérisé en ce qu'on calcule pour un incendie le courant de gaz d'incendie qui se dégage et on détermine, pour une construction donnée des buses, la relation entre la dimension et la vitesse des gouttes d'agent d'extinction ainsi que le débit et la pression de l'agent d'extinction, au moyen de méthodes de thermodynamique et de technique des fluides, et en ce qu'on adapte un ou plusieurs des paramètres d'extinction (pression, débit de l'agent d'extinction, dimension des gouttes et vitesse des gouttes) au matériau pouvant prendre feu.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, à l'aide d'un modèle d'incendie, on détermine d'abord le courant de gaz d'incendie qui se dégage, puis on détermine les vitesses d'ascension et les températures des gaz d'incendie en fonction de la vitesse de combustion, de la qualité de la combustion, de la surface de l'incendie et de la hauteur du local.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que, lorsqu'on détermine la relation entre la dimension des gouttes, la vitesse des gouttes, le débit d'eau et la pression, on détermine la vitesse et la volatilisation des gouttes en fonction de la hauteur du local ou de la distance du foyer d'incendie.
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on décrit la quantité et la masse des gouttes atteignant le foyer d'incendie en fonction du débit d'eau, de la dimension et de la vitesse des gouttes à la sortie de la buse, et de la hauteur du local, et en ce qu'on détermine d'après cela les valeurs, optimales pour éteindre l'incendie, de la dimension des gouttes, de la vitesse des gouttes, du débit d'eau et de la durée d'extinction, et donc la quantité totale d'eau pulvérisée.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que, pour un type choisi de buse d'eau, la pression d'eau, le dimensionnement du système de tuyauteries et le débit d'eau sont déterminés de façon à obtenir des gouttes du type souhaité.
EP94119613A 1993-12-23 1994-12-12 Procédé pour optimaliser un dispositif d'extinction d'incendies relativement à la consommation de la substance d'extinction de feu et/ou au temps d'extinction Expired - Lifetime EP0661081B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH384393 1993-12-23
CH3843/93 1993-12-23
CH03843/93A CH689045A5 (de) 1993-12-23 1993-12-23 Verfahren zur Optimierung des Loeschmittelverbrauch und/oder der Loeschzeit und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0661081A1 EP0661081A1 (fr) 1995-07-05
EP0661081B1 true EP0661081B1 (fr) 2001-07-18

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94119613A Expired - Lifetime EP0661081B1 (fr) 1993-12-23 1994-12-12 Procédé pour optimaliser un dispositif d'extinction d'incendies relativement à la consommation de la substance d'extinction de feu et/ou au temps d'extinction

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0661081B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE203176T1 (fr)
CH (1) CH689045A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59409803D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0661081T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2161741T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT661081E (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111274684A (zh) * 2020-01-15 2020-06-12 上海船舶电子设备研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七二六研究所) 一种novec1230灭火剂管路压力水力计算方法及系统

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0787022A1 (fr) * 1994-10-20 1997-08-06 Intertechnik Techn. Produktionen- Gesellschaft m.b.H. Procede et dispositif de lutte contre les incendies survenant sous forme d'explosions, notamment des incendies provoques par des hydrocarbures
DE19627353C1 (de) * 1996-06-27 1997-10-23 Feuerschutz G Knopf Gmbh Verfahren zur dynamischen Löschmittelanwendung und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
FR2770781B1 (fr) * 1997-11-13 2000-01-28 Normandie Protection Internati Procede de protection des personnes par projection d'eau et installation pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede
EP1142611B1 (fr) * 2000-04-08 2004-12-22 Siemens Building Technologies AG Procédé pour l'optimisation d'un système d'extinction d'incendie à pulvérisation d'eau et système d'extinction d'incendie à pulvérisation d'eau pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé
CN106644847B (zh) * 2016-12-19 2020-02-04 国网湖南省电力公司 细水雾抗风性能参数测量系统及方法
US20230414981A1 (en) * 2022-06-24 2023-12-28 The Boeing Company Systems and methods for configuring fire extinguishers within a compartment

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3684019A (en) * 1971-05-07 1972-08-15 Howard W Emmons Method for fighting a fire
GB2060071A (en) * 1979-10-12 1981-04-29 Sugimura N Pulsation Absorption Device for High Pressure Liquid

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0589956B3 (fr) * 1991-06-19 2010-04-28 Corporation Oy Marioff Procede et materiel de lutte contre les incendies

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3684019A (en) * 1971-05-07 1972-08-15 Howard W Emmons Method for fighting a fire
GB2060071A (en) * 1979-10-12 1981-04-29 Sugimura N Pulsation Absorption Device for High Pressure Liquid

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111274684A (zh) * 2020-01-15 2020-06-12 上海船舶电子设备研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七二六研究所) 一种novec1230灭火剂管路压力水力计算方法及系统
CN111274684B (zh) * 2020-01-15 2022-08-09 上海船舶电子设备研究所(中国船舶重工集团公司第七二六研究所) 一种novec1230灭火剂管路压力水力计算方法及系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE203176T1 (de) 2001-08-15
EP0661081A1 (fr) 1995-07-05
PT661081E (pt) 2002-01-30
ES2161741T3 (es) 2001-12-16
DE59409803D1 (de) 2001-08-23
CH689045A5 (de) 1998-08-31
DK0661081T3 (da) 2001-10-29

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