EP0659712B1 - Compositions pyrotechniques génératrices de gaz propres et non toxiques, contenant un liant élastomère thermoplastique - Google Patents
Compositions pyrotechniques génératrices de gaz propres et non toxiques, contenant un liant élastomère thermoplastique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0659712B1 EP0659712B1 EP94402714A EP94402714A EP0659712B1 EP 0659712 B1 EP0659712 B1 EP 0659712B1 EP 94402714 A EP94402714 A EP 94402714A EP 94402714 A EP94402714 A EP 94402714A EP 0659712 B1 EP0659712 B1 EP 0659712B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- binder
- composition according
- pyrotechnic composition
- weight
- plasticizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 53
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title description 8
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 title description 7
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bromo-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(Br)C=C GDDNTTHUKVNJRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O TVIDDXQYHWJXFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- JSOGDEOQBIUNTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(azidomethyl)oxirane Chemical compound [N-]=[N+]=NCC1CO1 JSOGDEOQBIUNTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCCN QFTYSVGGYOXFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002614 Polyether block amide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QUAMCNNWODGSJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dinitrooxybutyl nitrate Chemical compound CCCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)(O[N+]([O-])=O)O[N+]([O-])=O QUAMCNNWODGSJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl ethyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- IPPYBNCEPZCLNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane trinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(C)(CO[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O IPPYBNCEPZCLNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POCJOGNVFHPZNS-ZJUUUORDSA-N (6S,7R)-2-azaspiro[5.5]undecan-7-ol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CCCC[C@]11CNCCC1 POCJOGNVFHPZNS-ZJUUUORDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitroguanidine Chemical compound NC(=N)N[N+]([O-])=O IDCPFAYURAQKDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPAYEWBTLKOEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-4-nitroaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC(N)=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O XPAYEWBTLKOEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000028 HMX Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BSPUVYFGURDFHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitramine Natural products CC1C(O)CCC2CCCNC12 BSPUVYFGURDFHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHEFNVCDPLQQTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium perchlorate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O HHEFNVCDPLQQTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 chloride methylene, trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JMLPVHXESHXUSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,1-diamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)N JMLPVHXESHXUSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- POCJOGNVFHPZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isonitramine Natural products OC1CCCCC11CNCCC1 POCJOGNVFHPZNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N octogen Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 UZGLIIJVICEWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
- C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
- C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
- C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin
- C06B45/105—The resin being a polymer bearing energetic groups or containing a soluble organic explosive
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of automotive safety and, more specifically, that of the protection, in the event of a collision, of the occupants of a motor vehicle thanks to cushions inflated by combustion gas of a pyrotechnic composition contained in a gas generator.
- the invention relates to gas-generating pyrotechnic compositions clean and non-toxic, containing a binder thermoplastic.
- compositions therefore requires gas generators equipped with powerful filtration means gases.
- compositions described in this application are mainly consisting of the reaction product of a glycidyl polyazide with a polyisocyanate such as binder and with ammonium nitrate as oxidizing charge. These compositions give all satisfaction to the plan of gas non-toxicity, speed of combustion and the absence of solid residue but however, they are delicate to implement, especially in continuous processes involving a extrusion phase, due to the fact that they use crosslinkable binders which harden very quickly.
- thermoplastic binder in composite compositions of this type would allow a easier to use, especially for processes continuous; but, if the use of compositions pyrotechnics with thermoplastic binder as propellants for rockets or as explosives is known, for example by USP patents 4,806,613, 4,875,949 and 4,925,503, their job in automotive safety is little used to this day. Indeed the pyrotechnic compositions thermoplastic binder composites known to date do not do not meet all of the requirements in field.
- US-A 4,806,613 describes, for example, pyrotechnic compositions with binders thermoplastics which may contain (i) a plasticizer energy like nitroglycerin, butanetriol trinitrate (BTTN) or the trimethylolethane trinitrate (TMETN), (ii) an oxidizing charge mineral or organic, (iii) aluminum powder and (iv) additives known to those skilled in the art.
- BTTN nitroglycerin, butanetriol trinitrate
- TMETN trimethylolethane trinitrate
- an oxidizing charge mineral or organic iii
- aluminum powder aluminum powder and additives known to those skilled in the art.
- the object of the present invention is precisely to propose such compositions.
- the invention therefore relates to a composition pyrotechnics whose combustion products are mainly non-toxic clean gases, consisting essentially by a binder which is an elastomer thermoplastic, by an energy plasticizer, by a mineral oxidizing charge and by additives intended for regulate combustion, characterized in that said binder is an oxygenated thermoplastic elastomer, in that that the said plasticizer is a product of polymerization of glycidyl azide and in that the said oxidizing charge is constituted for at least 85% of its weight by ammonium nitrate.
- the said binder is a block copolymer consisting mainly with polyamide patterns and polyether patterns.
- the said energy plasticizer is a polyazide of glycidyl with hydroxyl endings whose molecular mass number average is between 1,000 and 7,000.
- the said additives are chosen from the group consisting of potassium nitrate and perchlorate ammonium.
- the energy binder / plasticizer set represents between 5 and 15% of the total weight of the composition, the weight of the energy plasticizer representing approximately 30% of the binder weight.
- compositions according to the invention burn quickly in essentially releasing as combustion gases from nitrogen and carbon dioxide with very little carbon monoxide. Furthermore, they do not produce little or no residue, depending on the additives used solid.
- pyrotechnic gas generators intended for inflate protective cushions for occupants of a motor vehicle.
- binder of an elastomer gives granules or blocks of pyrotechnic composition of mechanical properties particularly interesting for products intended to be kept for many years in a motor vehicle.
- the invention therefore relates to pyrotechnic compositions whose combustion products are mainly clean, non-toxic gases. These compositions are essentially made up of a binder, by an energetic plasticizer, by an oxidizing charge mineral and by additives intended to regulate the combustion of the composition.
- This type of block copolymer is marketed by ATOCHEM company under the PEBAX® brand.
- an energy plasticizer is added to the binder which is a product of polymerization of azide glycidyl.
- a favorite family of plasticizers energy consists of the polyazides of glycidyle with hydroxyl endings whose mass number average molecular is between 1,000 and 7,000 and, preferably between, 1,500 and 2,500.
- the glycidyl polyazides to hydroxyl endings do not participate in any reaction chemical condensation; they are therefore well used as an energy plasticizer for the thermoplastic elastomer and not as a component of the binder as is usually the case when used in the presence of an isocyanate or other reactive agent with the hydroxyl groups OH.
- the energy binder / plasticizer set represents preferably between 5% and 15% of the total weight of the composition while the weight of said plasticizer energy preferably represents around 30% of the weight of the binder / plasticizer assembly.
- the pyrotechnic composition contains a oxidizing charge formed for at least 85% of its weight by ammonium nitrate.
- an ammonium nitrate will be used stabilized.
- the stabilizer could for example be consisting of a little nickel oxide NiO.
- This quality of ammonium nitrate is sold commercially and generally contains 3% by weight of nickel oxide compared to pure ammonium nitrate.
- the expression "ammonium nitrate” covers the assembly consisting of pure ammonium nitrate and by any stabilizer present.
- nickel oxide is non-combustible, its presence in small amount is not a problem in the context of present invention.
- the entire oxidizing charge can be consisting of ammonium nitrate but it is imperative in the context of the present invention that the ammonium nitrate represents, by weight, at least 85% of the oxidizing charge.
- the oxidizing charge When the oxidizing charge is not formed at 100% with ammonium nitrate, it can be supplemented with triaminoguanidinium nitrate, with nitroguanidine or by a nitramine such as hexogen or octogen.
- compositions according to the invention also contain additives intended in particular for adjust the rate of combustion of the composition in the pressure range corresponding to the operation of the generator.
- additives exclude metals or compounds metal likely to constitute residues solids entrainable by combustion gases.
- These additives could for example be carbon black or m-methyl p-nitroaniline.
- these additives can also be selected from the group consisting of nitrate of potassium and ammonium perchlorate, additives also playing in the latter case the role of charge oxidizing.
- compositions as part of the present invention contain as additives a mixture potassium nitrate and ammonium perchlorate, the potassium nitrate representing approximately 7% by weight ammonium nitrate and ammonium perchlorate representing between 4 and 6% of the total weight of the composition.
- compositions according to the invention can easily be done continuously or batchwise in a mixer-extruder using solvent or solvent-free techniques known from the skilled person.
- a mixer heated extruder usually at a temperature between 80 ° C and 130 ° C, and preferably at a temperature close to 120 ° C.
- the binder is introduced and the energy plasticizer then we add the charge oxidizing agent and any additives.
- the coating load and additives by the binder is complete the paste obtained is extruded to the desired geometry and let cool.
- the binder using a suitable solvent in a mixer extruder.
- Binder solvent should not dissolve or chemically attack the oxidative charge and additives.
- the light alcohols such as ethanol, propanol and preferably butanol, light hydrocarbons such as kerosene or benzene, methyl ethyl ketone, chlorinated or fluorinated hydrocarbons such as chloride methylene, trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene or trichlorofluoromethane.
- compositions according to the invention burn with speeds compatible with safety requirements automobile by releasing combustion gases essentially consisting of nitrogen and dioxide carbon monoxide content is located within the limits allowed for the automotive safety. Furthermore, these compositions do not produce little or no residue solids, so they can be used in gas generators without a filtration chamber or fitted with very simple filtration devices. Finally the presence of a binder which is an elastomer having elastic properties improves resistance mechanics of the loads arranged inside the gas generators.
- This block was burned in a gas generator. The combustion was done without solid residues and the carbon monoxide content reduced to a useful volume of 2.7 m 3 which is the standard volume of a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, was 40 ppm.
- an 8 g block of double-base powder with nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin gives a similar gas yield but provides a carbon monoxide content of 1000 ppm for a useful volume of 2.7 m 3 .
- This block was burned in a gas generator. Combustion produced 6% by weight of solid residue based on potassium chloride but the speed of combustion was greater than that of Example 1.
- the carbon monoxide content reduced to a useful volume of 2.7 m 3 was 40 ppm.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
- C, H, O représentent respectivement le carbone, l'hydrogène et l'oxygène,
- PA représente un bloc polyamide obtenu par condensation de l'acide dodecanedioïque avec la 1, 12 dodecanediamine,
- PE représente un bloc polyéther obtenu par condensation du tétraméthylène glycol,
- n représente un nombre entier compris entre 2 et 10.
- C, H, O, N représentent respectivement le carbone, l'hydrogène, l'oxygène, et l'azote,
- m représente un nombre entier en général compris entre 5 et 100.
- liant : résine "PEBAX" 2533 (comportant, en poids, 20% de motifs PA et 80% de motifs PE tels que définis plus haut) | 8,6 parties en poids |
- plastifiant énergétique polyazoture de glycidyle de masse 2 000 | 3,4 parties en poids |
- nitrate d'ammonium | 88,0 parties en poids |
-liant : résine "PEBAX" 2533 | 8,6 parties en poids |
-plastifiant énergétique polyazoture de glycidyle de masse 2 000 | 3,4 parties en poids |
-nitrate d'ammonium | 75,6 parties en poids |
-nitrate de potassium | 8,4 parties en poids |
-perchlorate d'ammonium | 4,0 parties en poids |
Claims (8)
- Composition pyrotechnique génératrice de gaz destinés à gonfler des coussins de protection pour occupants d'un véhicule automobile, constituée essentiellement par un liant qui est un élastomère thermoplastique, par un plastifiant énergétique, par une charge oxydante et des additifs destinés à régler la combustion, caractérisée en ce que le dit liant est un élastomère thermoplastique oxygéné, en ce que le dit plastifiant est un produit de polymérisation de l'azoture de glycidyle et en ce que la dite charge oxydante est constituée pour au moins 85% de son poids par du nitrate d'ammonium.
- Composition pyrotechnique selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que le dit liant est un copolymère aliphatique bloc constitué principalement par des motifs polyamide et par des motifs polyéther.
- Composition pyrotechnique selon la revendication 2 caractérisée en ce que le dit liant est un copolymère aliphatique bloc de formule : dans laquelle :C, H, O, représentent respectivement le carbone, l'hydrogène, l'oxygène,PA représente un bloc polyamide obtenu par condensation de l'acide dodecanedioïque avec la 1, 12 dodecanediamine,PE représente un bloc polyéther obtenu par condensation du tétraméthylène glycol,n représente un nombre entier compris entre 2 et 10.
- Composition pyrotechnique selon la revendication 2 caractérisée en ce que le dit plastifiant énergétique est un polyazoture de glycidyle à terminaisons hydroxyles dont la masse moléculaire moyenne est comprise entre 1 000 et 7 000.
- Composition pyrotechnique selon la revendication 4 caractérisée en ce que la masse moléculaire moyenne du dit polyazoture de glycidyle à terminaisons hydroxyles est compris entre 1 500 et 2 500.
- Composition pyrotechnique selon la revendication 2 caractérisée en ce que les dits additifs sont choisis dans le groupe constitué par le nitrate de potassium et le perchlorate d'ammonium.
- Composition pyrotechnique selon la revendication 2 caractérisée en ce le que l'ensemble liant/plastifiant énergétique représente entre 5 et 15 % du poids total de la composition.
- Composition pyrotechnique selon la revendication 7 caractérisée en ce que le poids du plastifiant énergétique représente environ 30 % du poids de l'ensemble liant/plastifiant.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9314642 | 1993-12-07 | ||
FR9314642A FR2713632B1 (fr) | 1993-12-07 | 1993-12-07 | Compositions pyrotechniques génératrices de gaz propres et non toxiques, contenant un liant élastomère thermoplastique. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0659712A1 EP0659712A1 (fr) | 1995-06-28 |
EP0659712B1 true EP0659712B1 (fr) | 1998-07-15 |
Family
ID=9453630
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94402714A Expired - Lifetime EP0659712B1 (fr) | 1993-12-07 | 1994-11-29 | Compositions pyrotechniques génératrices de gaz propres et non toxiques, contenant un liant élastomère thermoplastique |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5525171A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0659712B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2793514B2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69411691T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2713632B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2310427B (en) * | 1996-02-22 | 2000-06-28 | John Douglas Michael Wraige | Energetic compositions |
FR2750422B1 (fr) * | 1996-06-28 | 1998-08-07 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Compositions pyrotechniques generatrices de gaz propres et application a un generateur de gaz pour la securite automobile |
US5847311A (en) * | 1996-10-22 | 1998-12-08 | Trw Vehicle Safety Systems Inc. | Hybrid inflator with crystalline and amorphous block copolymer |
FR2757118B1 (fr) | 1996-12-18 | 1999-01-08 | Livbag Snc | Generateur tubulaire integral de gaz par voie pyrotechnique, pour gonfler des coussins de protection |
FR2757266B1 (fr) | 1996-12-18 | 1999-01-08 | Livbag Snc | Generateur pyrotechnique de gaz a chargement composite |
JP3641343B2 (ja) * | 1997-03-21 | 2005-04-20 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | 低残渣エアバッグ用ガス発生剤組成物 |
JP3608902B2 (ja) | 1997-03-24 | 2005-01-12 | ダイセル化学工業株式会社 | ガス発生剤組成物及びその成型体 |
DE19742203A1 (de) * | 1997-09-24 | 1999-03-25 | Trw Airbag Sys Gmbh | Partikelfreies gaserzeugendes Gemisch |
FR2772750B1 (fr) * | 1997-12-22 | 2000-01-28 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Composition pyrotechnique generatrice de gaz propres, a faible teneur en oxyde d'azote, et pastilles d'une telle composition |
US6143103A (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 2000-11-07 | Trw Inc. | Gas generating material for vehicle occupant protection device |
FR2778576B1 (fr) | 1998-05-15 | 2000-06-23 | Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale | Dispositif d'extinction d'incendie comportant un generateur thermochimique de gaz |
EP0972757B1 (fr) | 1998-07-13 | 2006-04-05 | Nof Corporation | Compositions génératrices de gaz |
US6296724B1 (en) * | 1998-07-21 | 2001-10-02 | Trw Inc. | Gas generating composition for an inflatable vehicle occupant protection device |
US6395112B1 (en) | 2000-02-04 | 2002-05-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Hydrolyzable polymers for explosive and propellant binders |
US6802533B1 (en) * | 2000-04-19 | 2004-10-12 | Trw Inc. | Gas generating material for vehicle occupant protection device |
JP2012106882A (ja) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-06-07 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | エンハンサー剤組成物、及びそれを用いたガス発生器 |
WO2014024322A1 (fr) | 2012-08-10 | 2014-02-13 | National Institute For Materials Science | Dérivés polymères de 1,2,3-triazole 4-fonctionnalisés par un glycidyle et leur procédé de synthèse |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3004840A (en) * | 1957-10-17 | 1961-10-17 | Dow Chemical Co | Solid composite propellants containing polyalkylene oxides |
GB1190001A (en) * | 1963-03-20 | 1970-04-29 | Nitrochemie Gmbh | Improvements in or relating to Solid Propellant Charges |
AU533599B2 (en) * | 1979-10-25 | 1983-12-01 | Rockwell International Inc. | Energetic hydroxy-terminated azido polymer |
US4547235A (en) * | 1984-06-14 | 1985-10-15 | Morton Thiokol, Inc. | Gas generant for air bag inflators |
US4925503A (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1990-05-15 | Olin Corporation | Solid explosive and propellant compositions containing a polyurethane polyacetal elastomer binder and method for the preparation thereof |
US4806613A (en) * | 1988-03-29 | 1989-02-21 | Morton Thiokol, Inc. | Method of producing thermoplastic elastomers having alternate crystalline structure for use as binders in high-energy compositions |
US4875949A (en) * | 1988-05-18 | 1989-10-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Insensitive binder for propellants and explosives |
US4919737A (en) * | 1988-08-05 | 1990-04-24 | Morton Thiokol Inc. | Thermoplastic elastomer-based low vulnerability ammunition gun propellants |
CA2052728A1 (fr) * | 1991-10-03 | 1993-04-04 | Guy Ampleman | Polymere de glycidylazide |
US5271778A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1993-12-21 | Hercules Incorporated | Chlorine-free solid rocket propellant for space boosters |
US5223056A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-06-29 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of National Defence Of Her Majesty's Canadian Government | Azido thermoplastic elastomers |
-
1993
- 1993-12-07 FR FR9314642A patent/FR2713632B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-11-07 US US08/337,211 patent/US5525171A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-29 EP EP94402714A patent/EP0659712B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-29 DE DE69411691T patent/DE69411691T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-12-07 JP JP6303364A patent/JP2793514B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2713632B1 (fr) | 1996-01-12 |
DE69411691D1 (de) | 1998-08-20 |
US5525171A (en) | 1996-06-11 |
DE69411691T2 (de) | 1998-12-24 |
JPH07215790A (ja) | 1995-08-15 |
JP2793514B2 (ja) | 1998-09-03 |
FR2713632A1 (fr) | 1995-06-16 |
EP0659712A1 (fr) | 1995-06-28 |
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