EP0655880B1 - Low voltage circuit for operating a low pressure discharge lamp - Google Patents
Low voltage circuit for operating a low pressure discharge lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0655880B1 EP0655880B1 EP94117877A EP94117877A EP0655880B1 EP 0655880 B1 EP0655880 B1 EP 0655880B1 EP 94117877 A EP94117877 A EP 94117877A EP 94117877 A EP94117877 A EP 94117877A EP 0655880 B1 EP0655880 B1 EP 0655880B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- low
- lamp
- circuit arrangement
- voltage
- operating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
- Y10S315/05—Starting and operating circuit for fluorescent lamp
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
- Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp on a low-voltage voltage source according to the preamble of the protection claim 1.
- Circuit arrangements of this type are supplied by a battery in commercially available devices Luminaires that are equipped with a low-pressure discharge lamp are used. These lights are, for example, hand lights or Interior lights for campers and caravans.
- the circuit arrangements work on the principle of the single-ended flyback converter, which is powered by the battery receives a few volts and this to the ignition or operating voltage the low-pressure discharge lamp.
- the principle of operation a single-ended flyback converter is e.g. in the book "Schaltnetzmaschine" by W. Hirschmann / A. Hauenstein, ed. Siemens AG, edition 1990, described on pages 45-46.
- a circuit arrangement based on this principle for operating a Low pressure discharge lamp is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,973,885.
- a disadvantage of this circuit arrangement is that the high-frequency alternating current due to the heatable lamp electrode, insufficient electrode preheating guaranteed. It has been shown that with insufficient preheating the heatable Lamp electrode the lamp end tends to blacken and after a certain Operating time has a reduced brightness. It also causes the feedback winding effective heating of the electrode filaments in the variable lamp Operating currents that cause the lamp to operate erratically.
- the circuit arrangement according to the invention has two diodes, one of which first diode with a connection of the lamp ignition voltage or the lamp operating voltage generating secondary winding of the transformer and with a first lamp electrode is connected, while the second diode on the one hand with the other connection of the secondary winding and with the primary winding of the transformer and on the other hand connected to the second, heatable lamp electrode is.
- the second diode ensures that the heatable lamp electrode during the Blocking phase of the flyback transistor from the primary winding of the transformer is heated with DC pulses, with premature ignition of the lamp due to the higher damping of the secondary voltage at the beginning of the electrode heating phase is prevented.
- the circuit arrangement according to the invention advantageously contains an additional one Capacitor between the unheated lamp electrode and the positive pole of the Voltage source or the input capacitor or parallel to the first diode is switched.
- This capacitor smoothes the DC voltage pulses and thus improves the operating behavior, especially the ignition, of the Low pressure discharge lamp. After the lamp has ignited, it goes into the heatable Lamp electrode converted heating power back to a low value.
- With the Circuit arrangement according to the invention can also ignite the lamp low temperatures are guaranteed.
- the circuit arrangement according to the first embodiment is for operation a hand lamp, which is equipped with a U-shaped fluorescent lamp. It works on the principle of the single-ended flyback converter and contains as Main components are a transistor T and a transformer with two secondary windings N2, N3 and ferrite core. A battery or a serves as voltage source Accumulator. In parallel with the voltage source is an electrolytic capacitor C1 with a comparatively high capacity switched. This input capacitor C1 charges on the battery voltage and prevents that with the discharge of the battery increasing internal resistance adversely affects lamp operation, i.e. that the lamp brightness drops too much with increasing discharge of the battery ..
- the positive pole of capacitor C1 or the voltage source is at the beginning of the winding the primary winding N1 and with the winding end of the second secondary winding N3 of the transformer as well as with the electrode E2 and with the capacitor C4 connected.
- the winding end of the primary winding N1 is to the collector connection of the switching transistor T, while the emitter connection of the transistor T to the negative pole of the input capacitor C1 or the voltage source connected.
- the base connection of the transistor T is via a low pass R1, C2 and via an adjustable ohmic resistor R2 to the start of the winding second secondary winding N3 of the transformer. Parallel to the adjustable Resistor R2 is connected to a capacitor C3.
- the low-pass capacitor C2 lies parallel to the base-emitter path of the transistor T.
- a capacitor C5 Parallel to the collector-emitter path of transistor T, a capacitor C5 is arranged, which has the flashback voltage and reduces the power loss that occurs.
- the winding start of the Secondary winding N2 of the transformer is connected to the collector terminal of the transistor T and connected to the winding end of the primary winding N1 while the winding end of the secondary winding N2 via the diode D1 and the short-circuited Electrode filament E1 of the fluorescent lamp L and via a smoothing capacitor C4 is led to the positive pole of the voltage source.
- the winding end the primary winding N1 is via a second diode D2 and via second electrode filament E2 of the lamp L also with the positive pole of the voltage source connected.
- the second Electrode coil E2 is not short-circuited and can therefore be used with a heating current be charged.
- a switch S is integrated in the circuit arrangement, with which the circuit is switched on or off.
- This circuit arrangement works on the principle of operation of the single-ended flyback converter.
- the transformer stores on the primary side Energy that it receives in the blocking phase via the secondary winding N2 Lamp L emits.
- the switching transistor T becomes the primary winding by means of the second one N1 feedback controlled secondary winding N3. Both secondary windings N2, N3 work in opposite directions to the primary winding N1.
- N2 When transistor T is turned off, N2 is also in the first secondary winding an induction voltage, which causes the ignition required for the lamp L or operating voltage generated.
- the diode D1 and the low resistance of the still cold lamp electrode E2 prevent the lamp L from igniting immediately.
- the electrode heating phase extends over several switching cycles of the Transistor T and takes about 0.25 sec.
- the switching frequency of transistor T is above 20 KHz.
- the lamp L After the lamp L has been ignited, only the much smaller one is left with it Operating voltage of approx. 110 volts. Since the flyback converter the lamp L only during supplied the blocking phase of the transistor T, the lamp L is supposed to be operated unipolar DC pulses.
- the diode D1 has a certain one Blocking delay, which allows a brief current flow even in the blocking direction, so that a high-frequency alternating current flows through the lamp L.
- a sufficient high heating current flows through the second electrode filament E2 of the lamp L only during the blocking phase of the transistor T and only before the lamp is ignited.
- the capacitor C4 serves to smooth the ignition voltage and allows a better one Ignite the fluorescent lamp.
- the base control of the switching transistor T includes the feedback winding N3 of the transformer has an adjustable ohmic resistor R2 with a capacitor C3 connected in parallel and a low-pass filter that results from the ohmic Resistor R1 and capacitor C2 exist.
- the low pass filters high frequencies Shares out of the base input signal of transistor T.
- the lamp L is here with an electrical Power of approx.2.5 watts operated and powered by a 5 volt power source.
- the switching frequency of the transistor T is approximately 55 KHz.
- the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 differs from the first Embodiment only through the capacitor C4 ', which instead of the capacitor C4 used and connected in parallel to the first diode Dl. All other details as well as the functional principle correspond to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the invention.
- This circuit arrangement essentially corresponds to that of the first exemplary embodiment. Identical components therefore have the same reference numerals in FIG. 3 as the corresponding components in Figure 1. However, it also contains an infinitely adjustable dimming resistor that dimmers the fluorescent lamp allowed and a charging socket that recharges the serving as a voltage source Accumulator enables. With the help of the dimming resistor, the duty cycle of the switching transistor and thus the electrical power supplied to the lamp be regulated.
- This circuit arrangement according to the third embodiment contains as Main components are a transistor T and a transformer with two secondary windings N2, N3 and ferrite core.
- Four NiCd battery cells serve as voltage source, which provide a voltage of approx. 5V.
- an electrolytic capacitor C1 is switched with a comparatively high capacitance. This input capacitor C1 prevents that with the discharge of the battery increasing internal resistance adversely affects lamp operation.
- the positive pole of capacitor C1 or the voltage source is at the end of the winding the primary winding N1 and with the beginning of the winding of the second secondary winding or feedback winding N3 of the transformer and with the Electrode E2 and connected to a capacitor C4.
- the winding start of the Primary winding N1 is led to the collector terminal of the switching transistor T.
- the base connection of the transistor T is via a low-pass filter R1, C2 and an adjustable one ohmic resistor R2 and a variable dimming resistor R3 led to the winding end of the second secondary winding N3 of the transformer.
- the low-pass capacitor C2 is parallel to the base-emitter path of the transistor T.
- a Capacitor C5 is arranged, the the flashback voltage and the power loss that occurs decreased.
- the winding end of the secondary winding N2 of the transformer is with the collector terminal of the transistor T and with the start of the winding connected to the primary winding N1 during the beginning of the winding of the secondary winding N2 via a diode D1 and the short-circuited electrode coil El of the fluorescent lamp L and via the smoothing capacitor C4 to the positive pole Voltage source is guided.
- the winding start of the primary winding N1 is over a second diode D2 and via the second electrode filament E2 of the lamp L.
- the second electrode coil E2 is not short-circuited and can therefore be supplied with a heating current.
- a switch S is between the positive pole of the The voltage source and the positive pole of the input capacitor C1 in integrated the circuit arrangement with which the circuit is switched on or off becomes.
- the circuit arrangement contains a charging socket B, which is a recharge of the Accumulator allowed.
- the connection 1 of the charging socket B is via a diode D3 and an ohmic resistor R4 with the positive pole of the voltage source and via one LED D4 and an ohmic resistor R5 with the negative pole of the Input capacitor C1 connected.
- the connection 2 of the charging socket B is to the Emitter terminal of the transistor T connected, while the terminal 3 of the Charging socket B to the negative pole of the voltage source and to the negative pole of the input capacitor C1 is performed.
- connections 2 and 3 of the charging socket B electrically connected to each other, so that the emitter of the Transistor T is present at the negative pole of the voltage source.
- the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments explained in more detail.
- Dimensioning of the circuit arrangement according to the first and second exemplary embodiments Ferrite transformer EF16 N1, N3 25 windings N2 420 windings R1 47 ⁇ R2 1 K ⁇ C1 100 ⁇ C2, C5 10 nF C3 22 nF C4, C4 ' 100 pF T D882-Y D1, D2 1N1937
- Dimensioning of the circuit arrangement according to the third embodiment Ferrite transformer EF16 N1, N3 25 windings N2 420 windings R1 47 ⁇ R2 560 ⁇ R3 1 K ⁇ R4 47 ⁇ ; 0.8W R5 470 ⁇ C1 100 ⁇ ; 10 V C2, C5 10 nF C3 22 nF C4 150 pF; 1 KV T D882-Y D1, D2 1N1937 D3 1
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- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe
an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Schutzanspruchs
1.The invention relates to a circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp
on a low-voltage voltage source according to the preamble of the
Derartige Schaltungsanordnungen werden in handelsüblichen, von einer Batterie gespeisten Leuchten, die mit einer Niederdruckentladungslampe ausgestattet sind, verwendet. Bei diesen Leuchten handelt es sich beispielsweise um Handleuchten oder um Innenraumleuchten für Wohnmobile und Wohnwagen. Die Schaltungsanordnungen arbeiten nach dem Prinzip des Eintakt-Sperrwandlers, der von der Batterie eine Versorgungsspannung von wenigen Volt erhält und diese auf die Zünd- bzw. Betriebsspannung der Niederdruckentladungslampe hochtransformiert. Das Funktionsprinzip eines Eintakt-Sperrwandlers ist z.B. in dem Buch "Schaltnetzteile" von W. Hirschmann/ A. Hauenstein, Hrsg. Siemens AG, Auflage 1990, auf den Seiten 45-46 beschrieben. Eine auf diesem Prinzip beruhende Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe ist in dem Patent US 4 973 885 offenbart.Circuit arrangements of this type are supplied by a battery in commercially available devices Luminaires that are equipped with a low-pressure discharge lamp are used. These lights are, for example, hand lights or Interior lights for campers and caravans. The circuit arrangements work on the principle of the single-ended flyback converter, which is powered by the battery receives a few volts and this to the ignition or operating voltage the low-pressure discharge lamp. The principle of operation a single-ended flyback converter is e.g. in the book "Schaltnetzteile" by W. Hirschmann / A. Hauenstein, ed. Siemens AG, edition 1990, described on pages 45-46. A circuit arrangement based on this principle for operating a Low pressure discharge lamp is disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,973,885.
Bei dieser Schaltungsanordnung ist eine erste Sekundärwicklung des Sperrwandler-Transformators über eine heizbare Lampenelektrode mit dem Basisanschluß des Sperrwandler-Transistors verbunden, während die Primärwicklung des Transformators in den Kollektorkreis integriert und eine zweite Sekundärwicklung mit der zweiten Lampenelektrode verbunden ist.In this circuit arrangement there is a first secondary winding of the flyback transformer via a heatable lamp electrode with the base connection of the Flyback converter transistor connected while the primary winding of the transformer integrated in the collector circuit and a second secondary winding with the second Lamp electrode is connected.
Ein Nachteil dieser Schaltungsanordnung besteht darin, daß der hochfrequente Wechselstrom durch die heizbare Lampenelektrode keine ausreichende Elektrodenvorheizung gewährleistet. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei ungenügender Vorheizung der heizbaren Lampenelektrode das Lampenende zur Schwärzung neigt und nach einer gewissen Betriebszeit eine verringerte Helligkeit aufweist. Ferner verursacht die über die Rückkopplungswicklung wirksame Heizung der Elektrodenwendeln in der Lampe veränderliche Betriebströme, die zu einem unruhigen Betrieb der Lampe führen.A disadvantage of this circuit arrangement is that the high-frequency alternating current due to the heatable lamp electrode, insufficient electrode preheating guaranteed. It has been shown that with insufficient preheating the heatable Lamp electrode the lamp end tends to blacken and after a certain Operating time has a reduced brightness. It also causes the feedback winding effective heating of the electrode filaments in the variable lamp Operating currents that cause the lamp to operate erratically.
Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle bereitzustellen, die eine ausreichende Vorheizung einer Lampenelektrode gewährleistet, und über die Lampenlebensdauer hohe Schaltzahlen ermöglicht.It is the object of the invention to provide a circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp to provide on a low voltage voltage source that sufficient preheating of a lamp electrode is guaranteed, and via the Lamp life enables high switching numbers.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des
Schutzanspruchs 1 gelöst. Besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung sind in
den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of
Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung besitzt zwei Dioden, von denen eine erste Diode mit einem Anschluß der die Lampenzündspannung bzw. die Lampenbetriebsspannung erzeugenden Sekundärwicklung des Transformators und mit einer ersten Lampenelektrode verbunden ist, während die zweite Diode einerseits mit dem anderen Anschluß der Sekundärwicklung sowie mit der Primärwicklung des Transformators und andererseits mit der zweiten, heizbaren Lampenelektrode verbunden ist. Die zweite Diode gewährleistet, daß die heizbare Lampenelektrode während der Sperrphase des Sperrwandler-Transistors von der Primärwicklung des Transformators mit Gleichstromimpulsen geheizt wird, wobei eine vorzeitige Zündung der Lampe durch die zu Beginn der Elektrodenheizphase höhere Dämpfung der Sekundärspannung verhindert wird.The circuit arrangement according to the invention has two diodes, one of which first diode with a connection of the lamp ignition voltage or the lamp operating voltage generating secondary winding of the transformer and with a first lamp electrode is connected, while the second diode on the one hand with the other connection of the secondary winding and with the primary winding of the transformer and on the other hand connected to the second, heatable lamp electrode is. The second diode ensures that the heatable lamp electrode during the Blocking phase of the flyback transistor from the primary winding of the transformer is heated with DC pulses, with premature ignition of the lamp due to the higher damping of the secondary voltage at the beginning of the electrode heating phase is prevented.
Vorteilhafterweise enthält die erfindungsgemäße Schaltungsanordnung einen zusätzlichen Kondensator, der zwischen die unbeheizte Lampenelektrode und den Pluspol der Spannungsquelle bzw. des Eingangskondensators oder aber parallel zur ersten Diode geschaltet ist. Dieser Kondensator sorgt für eine Glättung der Gleichspannungsimpulse und verbessert damit das Betriebsverhalten, insbesondere die Zündung, der Niederdruckentladungslampe. Nach der Zündung der Lampe geht die in der heizbaren Lampenelektrode umgesetzte Heizleistung auf einen geringen Wert zurück. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung kann die Zündung der Lampe auch bei tiefen Temperaturen gewährleistet werden.The circuit arrangement according to the invention advantageously contains an additional one Capacitor between the unheated lamp electrode and the positive pole of the Voltage source or the input capacitor or parallel to the first diode is switched. This capacitor smoothes the DC voltage pulses and thus improves the operating behavior, especially the ignition, of the Low pressure discharge lamp. After the lamp has ignited, it goes into the heatable Lamp electrode converted heating power back to a low value. With the Circuit arrangement according to the invention can also ignite the lamp low temperatures are guaranteed.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand dreier Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle
Figur 2- ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle
Figur 3- ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb einer Niederdruckentladungslampe an einer Niedervolt-Spannungsquelle
- Figure 1
- a first embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the invention for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp on a low-voltage voltage source
- Figure 2
- a second embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the invention for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp on a low-voltage voltage source
- Figure 3
- a third embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the invention for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp on a low-voltage voltage source
Die Schaltungsanordnung gemäß des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels ist zum Betrieb einer Handleuchte, die mit einer U-förmigen Leuchtstofflampe ausgestattet ist, vorgesehen. Sie arbeitet nach dem Prinzip des Eintakt-Sperrwandlers und enthält als Hauptbestandteile einen Transistor T sowie einen Transformator mit zwei Sekundärwicklungen N2, N3 und Ferritkern. Als Spannungsquelle dient eine Batterie oder ein Akkumulator. Parallel zur Spannungsquelle ist ein Elektrolytkondensator C1 mit einer vergleichsweise hohen Kapazität geschaltet. Dieser Eingangskondensator C1 lädt sich auf die Batteriespannung auf und verhindert, daß sich der mit der Entladung der Batterie zunehmende Innenwiderstand ungünstig auf den Lampenbetrieb auswirkt, d.h., daß die Lampenhelligkeit mit zunehmender Entladung der Batterie zu sehr absinkt..The circuit arrangement according to the first embodiment is for operation a hand lamp, which is equipped with a U-shaped fluorescent lamp. It works on the principle of the single-ended flyback converter and contains as Main components are a transistor T and a transformer with two secondary windings N2, N3 and ferrite core. A battery or a serves as voltage source Accumulator. In parallel with the voltage source is an electrolytic capacitor C1 with a comparatively high capacity switched. This input capacitor C1 charges on the battery voltage and prevents that with the discharge of the battery increasing internal resistance adversely affects lamp operation, i.e. that the lamp brightness drops too much with increasing discharge of the battery ..
Der Pluspol des Kondensators C1 bzw. der Spannungsquelle ist mit dem Wicklungsanfang der Primärwicklung N1 und mit dem Wicklungsende der zweiten Sekundärwicklung N3 des Transformators sowie mit der Elektrode E2 und mit dem Kondensator C4 verbunden. Das Wicklungsende der Primärwicklung N1 ist zum Kollektoranschluß des Schalttransistors T geführt, während der Emitteranschluß des Transistors T an den Minuspol des Eingangskondensators C1 bzw. der Spannungsquelle angeschlossen ist. Der Basisanschluß des Transistors T ist über einen Tiefpaß R1, C2 und über einen einstellbaren ohmschen Widerstand R2 zum Wicklungsanfang der zweiten Sekundärwicklung N3 des Transformators geführt. Parallel zum einstellbaren Widerstand R2 ist eine Kapazität C3 geschaltet. Der Tiefpaßkondensator C2 liegt parallel zur Basis-Emitter-Strecke des Transistors T. Parallel zur Kollektor-Emitter-Strecke des Transistors T ist ein Kondensator C5 angeordnet, der die Rückschlagspannung und die auftretende Verlustleistung verringert. Der Wicklungsanfang der Sekundärwicklung N2 des Transformators ist mit dem Kollektoranschluß des Transistors T und mit dem Wicklungsende der Primärwicklung N1 verbunden, während das Wicklungsende der Sekundärwicklung N2 über die Diode D1 und über die kurzgeschlossene Elektrodenwendel E1 der Leuchtstofflampe L sowie über einen Glättungskondensator C4 zum Pluspol der Spannungsquelle geführt ist. Das Wicklungsende der Primärwicklung N1 ist über eine zweite Diode D2 sowie über die zweite Elektrodenwendel E2 der Lampe L ebenfalls mit dem Pluspol der Spannungsquelle verbunden. Im Gegensatz zur ersten Elektrodenwendel E1 ist die zweite Elektrodenwendel E2 nicht kurzgeschlossen und kann daher mit einem Heizstrom beaufschlagt werden. Zwischen dem Pluspol der Spannungsquelle und dem Pluspol des Eingangskondensators C1 ist ein Schalter S in die Schaltungsanordnung integriert, mit dem die Schaltung ein- bzw. ausgeschaltet wird.The positive pole of capacitor C1 or the voltage source is at the beginning of the winding the primary winding N1 and with the winding end of the second secondary winding N3 of the transformer as well as with the electrode E2 and with the capacitor C4 connected. The winding end of the primary winding N1 is to the collector connection of the switching transistor T, while the emitter connection of the transistor T to the negative pole of the input capacitor C1 or the voltage source connected. The base connection of the transistor T is via a low pass R1, C2 and via an adjustable ohmic resistor R2 to the start of the winding second secondary winding N3 of the transformer. Parallel to the adjustable Resistor R2 is connected to a capacitor C3. The low-pass capacitor C2 lies parallel to the base-emitter path of the transistor T. Parallel to the collector-emitter path of transistor T, a capacitor C5 is arranged, which has the flashback voltage and reduces the power loss that occurs. The winding start of the Secondary winding N2 of the transformer is connected to the collector terminal of the transistor T and connected to the winding end of the primary winding N1 while the winding end of the secondary winding N2 via the diode D1 and the short-circuited Electrode filament E1 of the fluorescent lamp L and via a smoothing capacitor C4 is led to the positive pole of the voltage source. The winding end the primary winding N1 is via a second diode D2 and via second electrode filament E2 of the lamp L also with the positive pole of the voltage source connected. In contrast to the first electrode coil E1 is the second Electrode coil E2 is not short-circuited and can therefore be used with a heating current be charged. Between the positive pole of the voltage source and the positive pole of the input capacitor C1, a switch S is integrated in the circuit arrangement, with which the circuit is switched on or off.
Diese Schaltungsanordnung arbeitet nach dem Funktionsprinzip des Eintakt-Sperrwandlers. Während der Leitphase des Transistors T speichert der Transformator primärseitig Energie, die er in der Sperrphase über die Sekundärwicklung N2 an die Lampe L abgibt. Der Schalttransistor T wird mittels der zweiten, zur Primärwicklung N1 rückgekoppelten Sekundärwicklung N3 gesteuert. Beide Sekundärwicklungen N2, N3 arbeiten gegensinnig zur Primärwicklung N1.This circuit arrangement works on the principle of operation of the single-ended flyback converter. During the conducting phase of the transistor T, the transformer stores on the primary side Energy that it receives in the blocking phase via the secondary winding N2 Lamp L emits. The switching transistor T becomes the primary winding by means of the second one N1 feedback controlled secondary winding N3. Both secondary windings N2, N3 work in opposite directions to the primary winding N1.
Nach dem Einschalten des Schalters S fließt durch die Rückkopplungswicklung N3 des Transformators ein Strom, der zum Durchschalten des Transistors T führt und einen anwachsenden Strom durch die Primärwicklung N1 sowie über die nun leitfähige Kollektor-Emitter-Strecke des Transistors T verursacht. Hat der Stromfluß durch die Primärwicklung N1 seinen Maximalwert erreicht, dann wird in der Rückkopplungswicklung N3 eine gegensinnig gepolte Spannung induziert, die den Transistor T sperrt. Nach dem Abklingen des Induktionvorganges wird der Transistor T mittels der Rückkopplung zwischen der Primär- N1 und der Rückkopplungswicklung N3 wieder eingeschaltet. Es beginnt ein neuer Schaltzyklus.After the switch S is turned on, flows through the feedback winding N3 of the transformer, a current which leads to the switching on of the transistor T and an increasing current through the primary winding N1 and via the now conductive Collector-emitter path of the transistor T causes. Has the flow of electricity reached its maximum value by the primary winding N1, then in the feedback winding N3 induces a reverse polarity voltage, which is the transistor T locks. After the induction process has subsided, the transistor T by means of the feedback between the primary N1 and the feedback winding N3 switched on again. A new switching cycle begins.
Beim Sperren des Transistors T wird in der ersten Sekundärwicklung N2 ebenfalls eine Induktionsspannung hervorgerufen, die die für die Lampe L erforderliche Zünd- bzw. Betriebsspannung erzeugt. Die Diode D1 und der geringe Widerstand der noch kalten Lampenelektrode E2 verhindern ein sofortiges Durchzünden der Lampe L. Zunächst fließt durch die Diode D2 und die Elektrodenwendel E2 der Lampe L ein von der Primärwicklung N1 gespeister Heizstrom. Mit wachsender Aufheizung der Lampenelektrode E2 nimmt ihr ohmscher Widerstand zu, wodurch auch die in der Sekundärwicklung N2 induzierte Spannung ansteigt, bis zwischen den Lampenelektroden E1, E2 die Zündspannung von ca. 700 Volt erreicht wird und die Lampe L durchzündet. Die Elektrodenheizphase erstreckt sich über mehrere Schaltzyklen des Transistors T und dauert ca. 0,25 sec. Die Schaltfrequenz des Transistors T liegt oberhalb von 20 KHz.When transistor T is turned off, N2 is also in the first secondary winding an induction voltage, which causes the ignition required for the lamp L or operating voltage generated. The diode D1 and the low resistance of the still cold lamp electrode E2 prevent the lamp L from igniting immediately. First flows through the diode D2 and the electrode filament E2 of the lamp L. the heating current fed to the primary winding N1. With increasing heating of the lamp electrode E2 increases their ohmic resistance, which also means that in the secondary winding N2 induced voltage increases until between the lamp electrodes E1, E2 the ignition voltage of approx. 700 volts is reached and the lamp L ignited. The electrode heating phase extends over several switching cycles of the Transistor T and takes about 0.25 sec. The switching frequency of transistor T is above 20 KHz.
Nach dem Durchzünden der Lampe L liegt an ihr nur noch die deutlich geringere Betriebsspannung von ca. 110 Volt an. Da der Sperrwandler die Lampe L nur während der Sperrphase des Transistors T versorgt, wird die Lampe L vermeintlich mit unipolaren Gleichstromimpulsen betrieben. Die Diode D1 besitzt nämlich eine gewisse Sperrverzögerung, die einen kurzzeitigen Stromfluß auch in Sperrichtung erlaubt, sodaß durch die Lampe L ein hochfrequenter Wechselstrom fließt. Ein ausreichend hoher Heizstrom durch die zweite Elektrodenwendel E2 der Lampe L fließt nur während der Sperrphase des Transistors T und auch nur vor dem Zünden der Lampe. Der Kondensator C4 dient zur Glättung der Zündspannung und erlaubt ein besseres Durchzünden der Leuchtstofflampe.After the lamp L has been ignited, only the much smaller one is left with it Operating voltage of approx. 110 volts. Since the flyback converter the lamp L only during supplied the blocking phase of the transistor T, the lamp L is supposed to be operated unipolar DC pulses. The diode D1 has a certain one Blocking delay, which allows a brief current flow even in the blocking direction, so that a high-frequency alternating current flows through the lamp L. A sufficient high heating current flows through the second electrode filament E2 of the lamp L only during the blocking phase of the transistor T and only before the lamp is ignited. The capacitor C4 serves to smooth the ignition voltage and allows a better one Ignite the fluorescent lamp.
Die Basisansteuerung des Schalttransistors T umfaßt neben der Rückkopplungswicklung N3 des Transformators einen einstellbaren ohmschen Widerstand R2 mit einem parallel dazu geschalteten Kondensator C3 und einen Tiefpaß, der aus dem ohmschen Widerstand R1 und der Kapazität C2 besteht. Der Tiefpaß filtert hochfrequente Anteile aus dem Basiseingangssignal des Transistors T heraus. Mit Hilfe des Basisvorwiderstandes R2 und der dazu parallel geschalteten Kapazität C3 kann, bei geeigneter Dimensionierung die Schaltfrequenz des Transistors auf einen Sollwert eingestellt werden.The base control of the switching transistor T includes the feedback winding N3 of the transformer has an adjustable ohmic resistor R2 with a capacitor C3 connected in parallel and a low-pass filter that results from the ohmic Resistor R1 and capacitor C2 exist. The low pass filters high frequencies Shares out of the base input signal of transistor T. With the help of the basic series resistor R2 and the capacitance C3 connected in parallel to it can, if appropriate Dimensioning the switching frequency of the transistor set to a setpoint will.
Eine geeignete Dimensionierung der Schaltungsbauteile für dieses Ausführungsbeispiel ist in der Tabelle 1 angegeben. Die Lampe L wird hier mit einer elektrischen Leistung von ca. 2,5 Watt betrieben und von einer 5-Volt-Spannungsquelle gespeist. Die Schaltfrequenz des Transistors T beträgt hier ca. 55 KHz.A suitable dimensioning of the circuit components for this embodiment is given in Table 1. The lamp L is here with an electrical Power of approx.2.5 watts operated and powered by a 5 volt power source. The switching frequency of the transistor T is approximately 55 KHz.
Das in Figur 2 dargestellte zweite Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich vom ersten Ausführungsbeispiel nur durch den Kondensator C4', der anstelle des Kondensators C4 eingesetzt und parallel zur ersten Diode Dl geschaltet ist. Alle anderen Details sowie auch das Funktionsprinzip entsprechen dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel.The second exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 differs from the first Embodiment only through the capacitor C4 ', which instead of the capacitor C4 used and connected in parallel to the first diode Dl. All other details as well as the functional principle correspond to the first embodiment.
Figur 3 zeigt ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltungsanordnung. Diese Schaltungsanordnung entspricht im wesentlichen der des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels. Identische Bauteile tragen daher in der Figur 3 dieselben Bezugszeichen wie die entsprechenden Bauteile in der Figur 1. Zusätzlich enthält sie allerdings einen stufenlos einstellbaren Dimmwiderstand, der ein Dimmen der Leuchtstofflampe erlaubt und eine Ladebuchse, die ein Nachladen des als Spannungsquelle dienenden Akkumulators ermöglicht. Mit Hilfe des Dimmwiderstandes kann das Tastverhältnis des Schalttransistors und damit die der Lampe zugeführte elektrische Leistung reguliert werden.Figure 3 shows a third embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the invention. This circuit arrangement essentially corresponds to that of the first exemplary embodiment. Identical components therefore have the same reference numerals in FIG. 3 as the corresponding components in Figure 1. However, it also contains an infinitely adjustable dimming resistor that dimmers the fluorescent lamp allowed and a charging socket that recharges the serving as a voltage source Accumulator enables. With the help of the dimming resistor, the duty cycle of the switching transistor and thus the electrical power supplied to the lamp be regulated.
Diese Schaltungsanordnung gemäß des dritten Ausführungsbeispiels enthält als Hauptbestandteile einen Transistor T sowie einen Transformator mit zwei Sekundärwicklungen N2, N3 und Ferritkern. Als Spannungsquelle dienen vier NiCd-Akkumulatorzellen, die eine Spannung von ca. 5V liefern. Parallel zur Spannungsquelle ist ein Elektrolytkondensator C1 mit einer vergleichsweise hohen Kapazität geschaltet. Dieser Eingangskondensator C1 verhindert, daß sich der mit der Entladung des Akkumulators zunehmende Innenwiderstand ungünstig auf den Lampenbetrieb auswirkt.This circuit arrangement according to the third embodiment contains as Main components are a transistor T and a transformer with two secondary windings N2, N3 and ferrite core. Four NiCd battery cells serve as voltage source, which provide a voltage of approx. 5V. Is parallel to the voltage source an electrolytic capacitor C1 is switched with a comparatively high capacitance. This input capacitor C1 prevents that with the discharge of the battery increasing internal resistance adversely affects lamp operation.
Der Pluspol des Kondensators C1 bzw. der Spannungsquelle ist mit dem Wicklungsende der Primärwicklung N1 und mit dem Wicklungsanfang der zweiten Sekundärwicklung bzw. Rückkopplungswicklung N3 des Transformators sowie mit der Elektrode E2 und mit einem Kondensator C4 verbunden. Der Wicklungsanfang der Primärwicklung N1 ist zum Kollektoranschluß des Schalttransistors T geführt. Der Basisanschluß des Transistors T ist über einen Tiefpaß R1, C2 und über einen einstellbaren ohmschen Widerstand R2 sowie über einen variablen Dimmwiderstand R3 zum Wicklungsende der zweiten Sekundärwicklung N3 des Transformators geführt. Parallel zum Dimmwiderstand R3 und zum einstellbaren Widerstand R2 ist eine Kapazität C3 geschaltet. Der Tiefpaßkondensator C2 liegt parallel zur Basis-Emitter-Strekke des Transistors T. Parallel zur Kollektor-Emitter-Strecke des Transistors T ist ein Kondensator C5 angeordnet, der die Rückschlagspannung und die auftretende Verlustleistung verringert. Das Wicklungsende der Sekundärwicklung N2 des Transformators ist mit dem Kollektoranschluß des Transistors T und mit dem Wicklungsanfang der Primärwicklung N1 verbunden, während der Wicklungsanfang der Sekundärwicklung N2 über eine Diode D1 und über die kurzgeschlossene Elektrodenwendel El der Leuchtstofflampe L sowie über den Glättungskondensator C4 zum Pluspol der Spannungsquelle geführt ist. Der Wicklungsanfang der Primärwicklung N1 ist über eine zweite Diode D2 sowie über die zweite Elektrodenwendel E2 der Lampe L ebenfalls mit dem Pluspol der Spannungsquelle verbunden. Im Gegensatz zur ersten Elektrodenwendel E1 ist die zweite Elektrodenwendel E2 nicht kurzgeschlossen und kann daher mit einem Heizstrom beaufschlagt werden. Zwischen dem Pluspol der Spannungsquelle und dem Pluspol des Eingangskondensators C1 ist ein Schalter S in die Schaltungsanordnung integriert, mit dem die Schaltung ein- bzw. ausgeschaltet wird.The positive pole of capacitor C1 or the voltage source is at the end of the winding the primary winding N1 and with the beginning of the winding of the second secondary winding or feedback winding N3 of the transformer and with the Electrode E2 and connected to a capacitor C4. The winding start of the Primary winding N1 is led to the collector terminal of the switching transistor T. Of the The base connection of the transistor T is via a low-pass filter R1, C2 and an adjustable one ohmic resistor R2 and a variable dimming resistor R3 led to the winding end of the second secondary winding N3 of the transformer. There is a capacitor in parallel with the dimming resistor R3 and the adjustable resistor R2 C3 switched. The low-pass capacitor C2 is parallel to the base-emitter path of the transistor T. In parallel to the collector-emitter path of the transistor T is a Capacitor C5 is arranged, the the flashback voltage and the power loss that occurs decreased. The winding end of the secondary winding N2 of the transformer is with the collector terminal of the transistor T and with the start of the winding connected to the primary winding N1 during the beginning of the winding of the secondary winding N2 via a diode D1 and the short-circuited electrode coil El of the fluorescent lamp L and via the smoothing capacitor C4 to the positive pole Voltage source is guided. The winding start of the primary winding N1 is over a second diode D2 and via the second electrode filament E2 of the lamp L. also connected to the positive pole of the voltage source. In contrast to the first Electrode coil E1, the second electrode coil E2 is not short-circuited and can therefore be supplied with a heating current. Between the positive pole of the The voltage source and the positive pole of the input capacitor C1 is a switch S in integrated the circuit arrangement with which the circuit is switched on or off becomes.
Ferner enthält die Schaltungsanordnung eine Ladebuchse B, die ein Nachladen des
Akkumulators erlaubt. Der Anschluß 1 der Ladebuchse B ist über eine Diode D3 und
einen ohmschen Widerstand R4 mit dem Pluspol der Spannungsquelle und über eine
Leuchtdiode D4 sowie über einen ohmschen Widerstand R5 mit dem Minuspol des
Eingangskondensators C1 verbunden. Der Anschluß 2 der Ladebuchse B ist an den
Emitteranschluß des Transistors T angeschlossen, während der Anschluß 3 der
Ladebuchse B zum Minuspol der Spannungsquelle und zum Minuspol des Eingangskondensators
C1 geführt ist. Während des Lampenbetriebs sind die Anschlüsse 2 und
3 der Ladebuchse B elektrisch leitend miteinander verbunden, so daß der Emitter des
Transistors T am Minuspol der Spannungsquelle anliegt. Im Ladebetrieb leuchtet die
Leuchtdiode D4 und die Energiezufuhr zur Lampe L findet selbst bei geschlossenem
Schalter S nicht statt. Während des Nachladens des Akkumulators wird die elektrisch
leitende Verbindung zwischen den Anschlüssen 2 und 3 der Ladebuchse B und damit
die Verbindung zwischen dem Emitter des Schalttransistors T und dem Minuspol der
Spannungsquelle unterbrochen. Die Schaltung arbeitet nach demselben Funktionsprinzip
wie die des bereits erläuterten ersten Ausführungsbeispiels.Furthermore, the circuit arrangement contains a charging socket B, which is a recharge of the
Accumulator allowed. The
Eine geeignete Dimensionierung der in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel verwendeten Bauteile kann der Tabelle 2 entnommen werden.A suitable dimensioning of the components used in this exemplary embodiment can be seen in Table 2.
Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf die näher erläuterten Ausführungsbeispiele.
So ist es zum Beispiel möglich, in den Ausführungsbeispielen eins und drei, beide
Lampenelektroden mit einem Heizstrom zu beaufschlagen, indem auf ein Kurzschließen
der ersten Lampenelektrode E1 verzichtet wird.
Claims (7)
- Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp from a low-voltage voltage source, the circuit arrangement being designed as a single-ended flyback converter having a transistor (T) and a transformer, the primary winding (N1) of the transformer being connected in series with the switching path of the transistor (T), and the transformer having a secondary winding (N2) for the starting voltage or the operating voltage of the lamp (L), and a feedback winding (N3) for driving the control electrode of the transistor (T), characterized in that a terminal of the secondary winding (N2) of the transformer is connected to a first lamp electrode (E1) via a first diode (D1), the other terminal of the secondary winding (N2) being connected to the primary winding (N1) and via a second diode (D2) to the second heatable lamp electrode (E2).
- Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp from a low-voltage voltage source according to Claim 1, characterized in that the circuit arrangement contains a capacitor (C4) which connects the first lamp electrode (E1) to the second lamp electrode (E2).
- Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp from a low-voltage voltage source according to Claim 1, characterized in that the circuit arrangement has a capacitor (C4') which is switched parallel to the first diode (D1).
- Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp from a low-voltage voltage source according to Claim 1, characterized in that the circuit arrangement contains a variable dimmer resistor (R3) which makes dimming of the lamp (L) possible.
- Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp from a low-voltage voltage source according to Claim 4, characterized in that the dimmer resistor (R3) is connected to the feedback winding (N3) and via further resistors (R1, R2) to the control electrode of the transistor (T).
- Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp from a low-voltage voltage source according to Claim 1, characterized in that the low-voltage voltage source comprises an accumulator and that the circuit arrangement contains a charging socket (B) which permits recharging of the accumulator.
- Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp from a low-voltage voltage source according to Claim 1, characterized in that a heating current is applied to both lamp electrodes before starting the lamp.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9318071U DE9318071U1 (en) | 1993-11-25 | 1993-11-25 | Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp on a low-voltage voltage source |
| DE9318071U | 1993-11-25 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0655880A1 EP0655880A1 (en) | 1995-05-31 |
| EP0655880B1 true EP0655880B1 (en) | 1998-07-01 |
Family
ID=6901159
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94117877A Expired - Lifetime EP0655880B1 (en) | 1993-11-25 | 1994-11-11 | Low voltage circuit for operating a low pressure discharge lamp |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5461286A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0655880B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3010988U (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2135549C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE9318071U1 (en) |
| HK (1) | HK1010444A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1271237B (en) * | 1994-09-30 | 1997-05-27 | Whirlpool Italia | DEVICE TO CONTROL THE POWER OF HEATING ELEMENTS |
| JP3607428B2 (en) * | 1996-08-08 | 2005-01-05 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Fluorescent lamp lighting device |
| DE19649170A1 (en) * | 1996-11-27 | 1998-05-28 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Circuit arrangement for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp from a low-voltage voltage source |
| US5998941A (en) * | 1997-08-21 | 1999-12-07 | Parra; Jorge M. | Low-voltage high-efficiency fluorescent signage, particularly exit sign |
| US6034485A (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 2000-03-07 | Parra; Jorge M. | Low-voltage non-thermionic ballast-free energy-efficient light-producing gas discharge system and method |
| US6300722B1 (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 2001-10-09 | Jorge M. Parra | Non-thermionic ballast-free energy-efficient light-producing gas discharge system and method |
| FI107655B (en) * | 1998-06-11 | 2001-09-14 | Innoware Oy | Electronic control circuit |
| TW437909U (en) * | 1998-10-26 | 2001-05-28 | Idea Up Tech Co Ltd | Soft start device of lighting |
| US6465971B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2002-10-15 | Jorge M. Parra | Plastic “trofer” and fluorescent lighting system |
| US6411041B1 (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2002-06-25 | Jorge M. Parra | Non-thermionic fluorescent lamps and lighting systems |
| US6936973B2 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2005-08-30 | Jorge M. Parra, Sr. | Self-oscillating constant-current gas discharge device lamp driver and method |
| DE102004031445A1 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2006-01-26 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Circuit arrangement and operating device for operating lamps |
| US7330000B2 (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2008-02-12 | Shimon Limor | Discharge lighting bulbs control system |
| DE502007001515D1 (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2009-10-29 | Sander Elektronik Ag | Method and device for igniting a fluorescent lamp |
| EP1915035A3 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2008-05-07 | Sander Elektronik AG | Method and device for powering a fluorescent lamp in emergency illumination |
| CN102413621A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-04-11 | 奥斯兰姆有限公司 | Filament preheating circuit, method and ballast |
| US10375796B2 (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2019-08-06 | Current Lighting Solutions, Llc | Waveform shaping circuit for spurious harmonic suppression |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3700956A (en) * | 1971-01-04 | 1972-10-24 | Gte Laboratories Inc | Arc discharge lamp control circuit |
| US3869640A (en) * | 1973-07-09 | 1975-03-04 | Taras Avenir Kolomyjec | Power supply arrangement for fluorescent tubes, thermionic devices and the like |
| GB1570277A (en) * | 1975-10-01 | 1980-06-25 | Sonca Ind Ltd | Fluorescent lamp arrangement |
| JPS5321878A (en) * | 1976-08-13 | 1978-02-28 | Yoshinobu Ichinose | Fluorescent lamp lighting device |
| US4234823A (en) * | 1979-02-14 | 1980-11-18 | National Computer Sign Company | Ballast circuit for low pressure gas discharge lamp |
| AU555174B2 (en) * | 1981-09-18 | 1986-09-18 | Oy Helvar | Electronic ballast for a discharge lamp |
| DE3608615A1 (en) * | 1986-03-14 | 1987-09-17 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR OPERATING LOW-PRESSURE DISCHARGE LAMPS |
| DE3829388A1 (en) * | 1988-08-30 | 1990-03-01 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR OPERATING A LOAD |
| US4973885A (en) * | 1989-04-10 | 1990-11-27 | Davis Controls Corporation | Low voltage direct current (DC) powered fluorescent lamp |
| US5237243A (en) * | 1992-04-23 | 1993-08-17 | Chung Yeong Choon | Dimming circuit for a fluorescent lamp |
-
1993
- 1993-11-25 DE DE9318071U patent/DE9318071U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-11-01 US US08/332,857 patent/US5461286A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-09 JP JP1994014968U patent/JP3010988U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-10 CA CA002135549A patent/CA2135549C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-11 DE DE59406367T patent/DE59406367D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-11 EP EP94117877A patent/EP0655880B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-10-19 HK HK98111305A patent/HK1010444A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2135549A1 (en) | 1995-05-26 |
| CA2135549C (en) | 2000-06-06 |
| HK1010444A1 (en) | 1999-06-17 |
| DE59406367D1 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
| DE9318071U1 (en) | 1995-03-23 |
| JP3010988U (en) | 1995-05-09 |
| EP0655880A1 (en) | 1995-05-31 |
| US5461286A (en) | 1995-10-24 |
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