EP0655535B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le dragage des tranchées au fond de plans d'eau - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le dragage des tranchées au fond de plans d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0655535B1
EP0655535B1 EP19940203420 EP94203420A EP0655535B1 EP 0655535 B1 EP0655535 B1 EP 0655535B1 EP 19940203420 EP19940203420 EP 19940203420 EP 94203420 A EP94203420 A EP 94203420A EP 0655535 B1 EP0655535 B1 EP 0655535B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutter
ship
trench
cables
dredger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19940203420
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0655535A1 (fr
Inventor
Jozef Petrus Antonius De Valck
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A HAK NEDERLAND BV
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A HAK NEDERLAND BV
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Publication of EP0655535A1 publication Critical patent/EP0655535A1/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/907—Measuring or control devices, e.g. control units, detection means or sensors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F1/00—General working methods with dredgers or soil-shifting machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/06—Floating substructures as supports
    • E02F9/062—Advancing equipment, e.g. spuds for floating dredgers
    • E02F9/065—Advancing equipment, e.g. spuds for floating dredgers characterised by the use of lines with anchors and winches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for dredging a trench in a bed with the help of a cutter dredger with a cutter.
  • the cutter head With the help of winches on the cutter dredger the cutter head is pulled along a part of a circular path around the swivel anchor, the anchor line to the swivel anchor being pulled taut by another anchor line running from the front of the cutter dredger to a front anchor.
  • the swivel and front anchors and the anchor lines are replaced by a spud that is connected to the rear of the cutter dredger, and the cutter dredger is swivelled around the spud.
  • Such seaworthy cutter dredgers are large and have a draught of 4 to 5 m, a length of approximately 100 m and a width of approximately 15 m.
  • the cutter dredger has to dredge a channel for itself as well as dredging the trench. Due to the transverse movement of the cutter dredger around the spud or swivel anchor, a trench to be dredged of 90 m in width would easily be necessary for a cutter dredger of 20 m wide.
  • the invention according to the present application supplies a method for dredging a trench in a bed with the help of a cutter dredger with a cutter head according to claim 1.
  • dredging now takes place from the bed in a substantially horizontal surface in paths, parallel to the course of the trench to be dredged, from the one side of the trench to the other.
  • the method according to the invention thus offers the possibility of at least removing the one disadvantage mentioned above.
  • the invention supplies a method according to claim 2. Because use is made of the pre-tensioned cables it is not only possible to lead the cutting force of the cutter head to the anchoring, but it is also possible to move the cutter dredger along the course in a easy way with the help of the winches. Then the cumbersome and inefficient use of a spud is not necessary.
  • the invention alternatively supplies a method according to claim 3.
  • the invention supplies the method according to claim 4.
  • Current and wave drift forces, as well as transverse forces on the cutter head are taken up by these cables which run in a transverse direction.
  • the invention advantageously supplies the method according to claim 5.
  • the cables to the angular points of the imaginary rectangle can take up the current and wave drift forces well.
  • the invention supplies the method according to claim 6.
  • each runner describes a portion of an ellipse along its anchor cable, and with the help of the winches the cables between the runners and the cutter dredger ship are lengthened and shortened to such an extent that the cutter dredger ship keeps to the course of the trench. With the help of these cables the current, wave drift and transverse forces are likewise taken up.
  • Another aspect of the invention is to provide a cutter dredger ship according to claim 7 for implementing the inventive methods. With the help of this cutter dredger ship the cutter head can be moved parallel to the course of the trench to be dredged.
  • the invention further provides a seaworthy cutter dredger ship with a draught of at most 1.0 m and main dimensions of approximately 35 x 35 m.
  • This aspect of the invention is based on the understanding that the known method is inefficient, among other things because as a consequence of the deep draught of the known cutter dredgers a very wide channel has to be dredged. With a shallower draught it is possible to dredge a trench which is exactly wide enough for laying a pipe, for example, so that as few m 3 as possible are dredged.
  • the invention comprises moreover a dish cutter head, which is attached with the help of a ladder to a vertical bearing girder.
  • the vertical bearing girder extends from a horizontal bridge on the ship, and is vertically and horizontally movable along the horizontal bearing girder.
  • a sliding block is attached to the ladder to allow the dish cutter head to move over the bed.
  • the ladder is connected to the vertical bearing girder rotatably in a horizontal plane to place the dish cutter head in a correct position at the end of the cutting path so as to be able to dredge in the opposite direction.
  • the ship is provided with four retractable screws, so that it can place and lift its anchors itself, and the ship consists of two parts, so that the ship can be transported to inland waterways through locks and can also dredge trenches on, for example, the IJsselmeer Lake.
  • Fig. 1A shows a top view of the situation when applying the method and the apparatus near the coast in shallow water, the schematically represented cutter dredging ship being near the coast.
  • Fig. 1B shows the situation of fig. 1A, the cutter dredger ship being at the end of the trench.
  • Fig. 1C shows a cross section through a dredged trench and the schematically represented cutter dredger ship.
  • Fig. 1D shows a cross section approximately halfway through the dredging of the trench and the schematically represented cutter dredger ship.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows a different embodiment of the apparatus, with a runner on both sides of the cutter dredger ship.
  • Fig. 2A schematically shows the elliptical movement of the runners.
  • Fig. 3 shows a vertical cross section along the axis of symmetry of a preferred embodiment of the cutter dredger ship, provided with a dish cutter head.
  • Fig. 3A shows a cross section of a detail from fig. 3.
  • Fig. 4 shows an upper view of one half of the cutter dredger ship of fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 shows the use of dredging barges near the cutter dredger ship according to figures 3 and 4.
  • Figure 6 shows another preferred embodiment of the cutter dredger ship, provided with a standard cutting head.
  • Fig. 7 shows an artist's impression of the cutter dredger ship according to the figures 3 and 4.
  • Fig. 1A schematically shows a top view of the situation when dredging a trench near the shore.
  • Line A shows the high water mark and line B shows the low water mark.
  • a cutter dredger ship 100 is situated as near as possible to the shore, and is connected with the help of eight cables 11 to 18 to eight anchors 1 to 8. The cables 11 to 18 are wound around winches on the ship 100.
  • the ship 100 When carrying out the method according to the invention the ship 100 is first moved seawards, to the right in the figure, by winding up the cables 14 and 18, the cables 11 and 15 having to be unwound.
  • the cables 11, 15 and 14, 18 are held under prestress so that the ship keeps to the course of the trench.
  • the cables 12, 13 and 16, 17 are simultaneously kept under prestress to take up current and wave drift forces.
  • the cutter head on the ship dredges parallel to the course of the trench, so that the cables 14 and 18 take up the largest part of the reaction forces on the cutting head. The remaining part of the reaction forces, perpendicular to the ship's course, is taken up by the cables 12, 13 and 16, 17.
  • the cutter dredging ship is thus moved forward along the whole course of the trench which is to be dredged, until it reaches the position shown in fig. 1B.
  • the cutting head is repositioned in order to be able to dredge well in the opposite direction, and the cutting head is moved perpendicular to the course of the trench to be dredged, so as to dredge a new path of earth at the shoreward movement of the ship, to the left in the figure.
  • the ship is moved to the left by winding up the cables 11 and 15 and unwinding the cables 14 and 18. During this the cables 12, 13 and 16, 17 are again held under tension to take up current, wave drift and transverse forces.
  • the cutting head When the ship arrives at the place as shown in fig. 1A, the cutting head is repositioned again and moved perpendicular to the course, after which the above described reciprocal motion is repeated. In this way the upper layer is dredged out of the trench to be dredged, after which the cutting head is moved vertically downwards in order to dredge the next horizontal layer, and so on until the whole trench has been dredged.
  • the speed of the reciprocal motion can be 1 to 1.5 meters per second. All winches are computer-controlled.
  • fig. 1C the situation is shown in which the ship 100 has dredged a trench with a width of 15 m and a depth of 4 m for laying pipeline in it.
  • the trench is shown in cross section.
  • the continuous ground line shows the dredged trench; the dotted lines show the situation after the forming of a slope on both sides of the trench with an inclination of 1:3.
  • Fig. 1D shows the situation approximately halfway through the dredging of the trench in cross section.
  • the cutter dredging ship 100 moves in a direction perpendicular to the paper and has already dredged out a few layers from the trench.
  • the right half of the layer which is at present being dredged has already been removed; the cutter head is moved to the left after every reciprocal motion.
  • the distance shown in figure 1A of 30 m between the cables 14 and 18 and between the cables 11 and 15 applies to a cutter dredger ship of approximately 35 x 35 m.
  • the sizes shown in figure 1B approximately determine the greatest length for the cables. So that the tension variations in the cables as a result of the wave forces do not get too large the cables must be at least 300 m in length.
  • the method is very suitable for dredging straight trenches.
  • the apparatus according to figure 1A, B it is also possible to dredge slightly curved trenches by pulling the ship to one side with the help of the cables 12, 13 or 16, 17 during the (recti)linear movement of the shop with the help of the cables 14, 18 or 11, 15.
  • the extent of pulling the ship to one side is determined by the position on the course in which the ship is located.
  • the apparatus according to figure 2 it is even easier to dredge a curved trench by changing the length of the cables 24, 25.
  • the figures 3 and 4 show a preferred embodiment of the cutter dredger ship in a vertical cross section through the axis of symmetry of the ship and in top view, in which only one half of the ship is shown, respectively.
  • the cutter dredger ship 100 comprises a stern 106 with two legs 101 to it, which are connected to each other by a horizontal bridge 110. Eight winches 103 are arranged on the ship, four of which are shown, for winding and unwinding the eight cables 11 to 18, of which the cables 11 to 14 are shown (see figure 4).
  • On the stern there is a pilot house 105 with a control room for the apparatus. In the four corners of the ship four retractable screws (Schottels) are arranged.
  • the cutter dredger ship is 35 x 35 m in size, has a draught of 1 meter and a freeboard of 3 meters.
  • a vertical bearing girder 111 extends through the bridge 110, which girder is vertically movable with regard to and horizontally along the horizontal bridge 110.
  • a ladder 113 is attached, which rests on the ground with the help of a sliding block 114 and can slide over it.
  • a disc cutter head 115 is attached to the ladder.
  • the ladder 113 is attached with the help of a bearing 117 vertically rotatably to the vertical bearing girder 111, and a hydraulic apparatus 116 is placed between the vertical bearing girder 111 and the ladder 113 which can serve as swell compensation apparatus, so that in the case of slight vertical movements of the ship the sliding block 114 will always rest on the bed.
  • the vertical bearing girder 111 can cant about the horizontal bridge in a direction perpendicular to the centre line of the ship, so that unexpected large transverse forces on the cutter head will not damage the cutter head.
  • Fig. 3A shows a cross section through the ladder of fig. 3.
  • a dredge discharge pipe 119 goes through the ladder from the dish cutter head 115 to a pump 118, which pump sucks up the dredge which has been dredged away by the cutter head 115 and discharges it through the dredge pipe 112. The dredge can then be dumped at the side of the ship or removed with the help of barges.
  • the housing 121 in which the pump 118 is arranged and to which the ladder 113 is attached is attached via a bearing 120 to the vertical bearing girder 111.
  • this bearing 120 the cutter head can easily and quickly be repositioned at the end of each path before cutting a new path when moving the ship in the opposite direction.
  • the vertical bearing girder is movable at least 15 m along the horizontal bridge so that the entire width of the trench can be dredged without it being necessary to move the anchors.
  • the vertical bearing girder is movable in a vertical direction to dredge the trench still further, but also to be able to lift the housing 121 to above the water line.
  • a hydraulic apparatus for example the hydraulic apparatus 116 can then swivel the ladder 113 up, after which, if necessary after rotation of the housing 121 with the help of the bearing 120, the dish cutter head 115 can be reached from the deck, for example for removing dirt from the dish or replacing the dish.
  • the cutter dredger ship is provided with four retractable screws at the corners of the ship, so that the ship can place its anchors itself and hiring a tug or the like for that purpose is not necessary. With this apparatus it is also possible to draw a pipeline into the dredged trench by attaching a 600 ton winch plus a draw-hook to the ship. Thus no time is lost between dredging and drawing the pipeline into the trench.
  • a crane can be placed at the stern of the ship so as to be able to erect dam walls as near as possible to the coast.
  • a dish cutter head has demonstrably less cutting loss than a traditional cutter head. This is especially an advantage when dredging polluted soil which has to be removed and of which as little as possible should end up in the surroundings.
  • Figure 5 shows that dredge barges 50 can be coupled at the front and back of the dredger for removing (polluted) silt. Because of the exchangeable dredging barges the cutter dredger ship can continue to dredge without interruption.
  • the method is serviceable when dredging trenches in the sea bed and in, for example, lake and river beds.
  • the cutter dredger ship is designed for dredging a trench near the coast, it can also, due to its shallow draught (maximum of 1.0 m), be used in inland waters. Since the ship of 35 x 35 m is too large to fit into a lock, it is divided into two, in a front part consisting of the two legs 101 which are connected by the horizontal bridge 110, and a rear part 106 on which the pilot house stands. Both parts have a maximum width of 17.5 m. It is also possible with this apparatus to dredge a trench in the bed of the IJsselmeer lake, for example. If dredging takes place in very soft ground, it is even not necessary to make use of anchored cables, but the ship can be moved with the help of the four screws alone. It is then also possible to dredge in the traditional manner with the help of this apparatus.
  • the cutter dredger ship can ride out a storm at sea after raising the cutter head, by lying as far out of the coast as possible and slackening the cables somewhat.
  • the anchors do not have to be raised, so that dredging can go on for a long time and work can continue directly after the storm.
  • the method and the apparatus according to the invention are advantageous, seeing as it is no longer necessary to always have to drive a spud.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. It will be clear that it is possible to give the cutter dredger ship other dimensions or another draught, another drive or another swell compensation with going beyond the range of protection of the following claims.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Procédé destiné à draguer une tranchée au fond d'un plan d'eau au moyen d'une drague à désagrégateur rotatif munie d'une tête de désagrégation, caractérisé en ce que la tête de désintégration est animée d'un mouvement de va-et-vient parallèle au tracé de la tranchée à draguer au cours du dragage, la tête de désagrégation étant déplacée perpendiculairement au tracé après chaque mouvement.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la tête de désagrégation est animée d'un mouvement de va-et-vient à l'aide d'au moins quatre câbles d'avancement prétendus (11, 14, 15, 18), qui sont ancrés sensiblement dans la direction principale de la tranchée à draguer et qui sont enroulés et déroulés à l'aide de treuils montés sur la drague à désagrégateur rotatif.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la tête de désagrégation est animée d'un mouvement de va-et-vient à l'aide d'au moins deux câbles d'avancement prétendus qui s'étendent sensiblement le long de la tranchée à draguer, qui sont ancrés à proximité des extrémités éloignées de la tranchée à draguer et le long desquels la drague à désagrégateur rotatif est déplacée à l'aide de cabestans.
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux câbles de positionnement prétendus sont reliés dans une direction transversale à la drague à désagrégateur rotatif de manière à reprendre les forces transversales.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que quatre câbles de positionnement prétendus (12, 13, 16, 17) sont fixés aux points angulaires (2, 3, 6, 7) d'un rectangle imaginaire dont le petit axe est formé par les câbles d'avancement s'étendant sensiblement dans la direction principale de la tranchée à draguer, les grands côtés du rectangle étant au moins approximativement 10% plus longs que les petits côtés, les câbles de positionnement (12, 13, 16, 17) étant enroulés au moyen de quatre treuils supplémentaires montés sur la drague à désagrégateur rotatif (100) de façon à reprendre les forces transversales sur la drague à désagrégateur rotatif (100).
  6. Procédé suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que deux câbles d'ancrage de positionnement prétendus (20, 21) sont utilisés, un de chaque côté de la drague à désagrégateur rotatif (100), en ce qu'un chariot (22, 23) est déplacé le long de chaque câble d'ancrage (20, 21) et chaque chariot est relié à la drague à désagrégateur rotatif à l'aide d'au moins un câble supplémentaire (24, 25), lequel câble peut être prétendu à l'aide d'un treuil (26, 27) monté sur la drague à désagrégateur rotatif, et en ce que les câbles d'ancrage (20, 21) sont fixés chacun à un côté de la tranchée aux points angulaires d'un rectangle imaginaire dont l'axe est formé par les câbles d'avancement s'étendant sensiblement dans la direction principale de la tranchée à draguer.
  7. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif équipée d'une tête de désagrégation destinée à draguer une tranchée au fond d'un plan d'eau conformément au procédé suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, comprenant au moins quatre treuils pour câbles d'avancement et au moins deux treuils supplémentaires pour câbles de positionnement, la drague à désagrégateur rotatif (100) ayant sensiblement la forme d'un U, caractérisée en ce que les branches (101) du U sont reliées par un pont horizontal (110) s'étendant audessus de la ligne d'eau, en ce qu'une poutre de support (111) s'étendant sensiblement verticalement fait saillie depuis le pont horizontal jusque sous la ligne d'eau, en ce que la tête de désagrégation est fixée à la poutre de support verticale, en ce que des moyens destinés à compenser la houle sont prévus et en ce que les treuils (103) et les câbles d'avancement (11, 14, 15, 18) sont à même de déplacer la drague à désagrégateur rotatif (100) en un mouvement de va-et-vient parallèle au tracé de la tranchée à draguer au cours du dragage.
  8. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que l'appareil comprend une drague à désagrégateur rotatif (100) capable de tenir la mer ayant un tirant d'eau de maximum 1,0 m et des dimensions principales d'environ 35 x 35 m.
  9. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisée en ce que les moyens destinés à compenser la houle comprennent un appareil hydraulique (116) disposé entre la poutre de support verticale et une échelle (113) à laquelle la tête de désintégration est fixée.
  10. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la tête de désagrégation est une tête de désintégration à disque (115).
  11. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisée en ce que l'échelle (113) peut tourner dans un plan horizontal autour de la poutre de support verticale (111).
  12. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant la revendication 10 ou 11, caractérisée en ce que la tête de désagrégation à disque (115) est mobile au fond du plan d'eau à l'aide d'un patin de glissement (114).
  13. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 12, caractérisée en ce que la poutre de support verticale (111) peut pivoter autour d'un axe parallèle à l'axe de symétrie de la drague.
  14. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 13, caractérisée en ce que la poutre de support verticale (111) peut être déplacée verticalement par rapport au pont horizontal.
  15. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 9 à 14, caractérisée en ce qu'un appareil est disposé entre la poutre de support verticale (111) et l'échelle (113) pour faire pivoter cette échelle vers le haut par rapport à la poutre de support verticale.
  16. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 15, caractérisée en ce que la poutre de support verticale (111) peut être déplacée horizontalement le long du pont horizontal (110).
  17. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 16, caractérisée en ce que la drague à désagrégateur rotatif (100) est équipée de son propre mécanisme d'entraînement.
  18. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant la revendication 17, caractérisée en ce que la drague à désagrégateur rotatif est dotée de quatre hélices (109) pouvant être entraînées, disposées à chaque coin de la drague.
  19. Drague à désagrégateur rotatif suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 18, caractérisée en ce qu'elle consiste en deux parties de grandeur sensiblement égale et d'une largeur maximum de 17,5 m qui, dans le cas d'une drague ayant sensiblement la forme d'un U dont les branches sont reliées par un pont horizontal s'étendant au-dessus de la ligne d'eau, consistent en une partie avant comprenant les branches du U et le pont horizontal et en une partie arrière comprenant le reste de la drague, les deux parties pouvant être détachées l'une de l'autre.
EP19940203420 1993-11-25 1994-11-24 Procédé et dispositif pour le dragage des tranchées au fond de plans d'eau Expired - Lifetime EP0655535B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL9302037 1993-11-25
NL9302037A NL9302037A (nl) 1993-11-25 1993-11-25 Werkwijze en inrichting voor het baggeren van een sleuf in een waterbodem.

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP0655535A1 EP0655535A1 (fr) 1995-05-31
EP0655535B1 true EP0655535B1 (fr) 1997-09-03

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EP19940203420 Expired - Lifetime EP0655535B1 (fr) 1993-11-25 1994-11-24 Procédé et dispositif pour le dragage des tranchées au fond de plans d'eau

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EP (1) EP0655535B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69405354D1 (fr)
NL (1) NL9302037A (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1033662C2 (nl) * 2007-01-03 2008-07-04 Martens En Van Oord Groep B V Systeem, inrichting en werkwijze voor verwijdering van bodemmateriaal.
BE1018582A3 (nl) * 2009-01-10 2011-04-05 Dredging Int Ontgraafinrichting voor het ontgraven van grond onder water en werkwijze voor het ontgraven van grond.
NL2021748B1 (en) * 2018-10-02 2020-05-07 Boskalis Bv Baggermaatschappij Dredging vessel with a pulling cable in its shipping direction

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2933837A (en) * 1953-07-06 1960-04-26 Arthur J Nelson Elevator discharge hydraulic dredge
US3948201A (en) * 1974-04-23 1976-04-06 Mitsui Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd. Position correction system of floating bodies
NL171182C (nl) * 1977-01-31 1985-09-16 Ballast Nedam Groep Nv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het besturen van een snijkopzuiger gedurende het baggeren.
NL165808C (nl) * 1977-03-08 1981-05-15 Ballast Nedam Groep Nv Zuigbaggerinstallatie.
JPS6010021A (ja) * 1983-06-30 1985-01-19 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> バケツト浚渫船のスイング方法

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EP0655535A1 (fr) 1995-05-31
DE69405354D1 (de) 1997-10-09
NL9302037A (nl) 1995-06-16

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