EP0654390B1 - Initialisierungsbake eines haltenden Fahrzeugs - Google Patents

Initialisierungsbake eines haltenden Fahrzeugs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0654390B1
EP0654390B1 EP94402631A EP94402631A EP0654390B1 EP 0654390 B1 EP0654390 B1 EP 0654390B1 EP 94402631 A EP94402631 A EP 94402631A EP 94402631 A EP94402631 A EP 94402631A EP 0654390 B1 EP0654390 B1 EP 0654390B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cross
over
structures
beacon
over structure
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94402631A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0654390A1 (de
Inventor
Didier Riffaud
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Alstom Transport SA
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GEC Alsthom Transport SA
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Publication of EP0654390A1 publication Critical patent/EP0654390A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or trains
    • B61L25/025—Absolute localisation, e.g. providing geodetic coordinates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to automatic systems, on the ground and on board, for controlling traffic on urban transport networks, in general, and relates, more particularly, to an initialization tag for a stationary vehicle, in particular for a system. assistance with driving, operation and maintenance.
  • the SACEM system is a traffic control system for high-speed rail transport systems.
  • the on-board equipment consists of a computer associated with antennas.
  • the antennas receive the electrical signals of continuous transmission (circulating in the rails) which provide the trains with the description of a portion of line. These antennas also make it possible to read the content of messages sent by specific beacons.
  • the beacons used by the Driving, Operation and Maintenance Assistance System are used to provide the train with a precise geographical reference in the description of the track in its possession.
  • the first category is called the flight initialization tag. This tag provides the train with the information necessary for its first location. The train was previously uninitialized.
  • the second category of beacon is intended to periodically readjust (every 500 meters) the measure of the train's displacement.
  • the third category of beacon provides the train with information on the location of an exit point from an area controlled by the Driving, Operation and Maintenance Assistance System.
  • the speed control system described comprises point beacons, that is to say passive ground beacons, making it possible to obtain a spatial reference.
  • Each initialization tag defines an initialization zone when stopped. Entering one of these control zones is done by reading an initialization tag while the train is running. It is important to note here that the initialization is done on the fly.
  • An object of the invention is therefore an initialization tag for a stationary vehicle, in particular for a driving, operation and maintenance assistance system, allowing initialization when stationary. and therefore control of the vehicle as soon as its on-board equipment is switched on.
  • Another object of the invention is an initialization tag for a stationary vehicle making it possible to use the equipment already on board the train.
  • Another object of the invention is an initialization tag for a stationary vehicle, the transmission of information of which is independent, from an informational point of view, of the adjacent initialization areas for stationary.
  • Another object of the invention is an initialization tag for a stationary vehicle, the level of safety of which is compatible with the safety objectives of the driving, operation and maintenance assistance system. .
  • the initialization device must provide information which is contrary to security with a probability of occurrence less than a given minimum failure threshold of the order of 10-9 to 10-12 breakdowns per hour, ie a breakdown every one million years.
  • the initialization device at standstill for a driving, operation and maintenance assistance system comprises on-board equipment and ground installations, so as to allow the transmission of messages.
  • the initialization tag of a vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 is characterized in that it is an initialization tag of a stationary vehicle and in that it comprises means for supplying the cross-member structures Si successively in pairs Mn and successively at a clock frequency FH and at a data frequency FD.
  • virtual cross structures S'l are generated by supplying a first structure with real crosses Sl-1 and a second real cross structure Sl + 1.
  • Figure 1 is a general view of a system for driving, operating and maintaining the state of the art.
  • the system includes ground installations 1,2 and on-board equipment 3,4 in a rail vehicle 5.
  • Ground installations consist of a beacon 1 and their control electronics 2.
  • the beacon 1 is fixed on the sleepers, in the axis of the railway track 6.
  • the on-board equipment mainly consists of an antenna 3 and an evaluation unit 4.
  • the evaluation unit 4 which can be a computer, is powered by its own converter and is connected to the antenna 3.
  • the antenna 3 is located under the rail vehicle 5, preferably at the front of it.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2C show the arrangement between a cross-over structure of the beacon constituting the installation on the ground and the sensors of the antenna of the on-board equipment conforming to the system of FIG. 1.
  • the cross structure S consists of a first electrical cable C1 and a second electrical cable C2.
  • the first electric cable C1 is parallel to the second electric cable C2 over most of its length.
  • the first electric cable C1 of the cross structure S is crossed with the second electric cable C2 so that the cross structure S consists of a series of crosses between cables forming magnetic nodes N.
  • the magnetic nodes N thus obtained are distributed along the central longitudinal axis of the cross structure S.
  • the cross structure S therefore has the appearance of a strip delimited radially by a first C1 and a second C2 electric cable, along which are distributed magnetic nodes N.
  • the electric cables are traversed by an electric current whose frequency is representative of the information to be transmitted.
  • the antenna 3 consists of a first 3a and a second 3b sensors intended to move along the axis of the track, more particularly vertically of the cross structure S.
  • the sensors are spaced longitudinally from each other so as to be arranged on the axis of the rail track.
  • the sensors are for example coils spaced at a distance of the order of 4 cm.
  • the positioning of the sensors 3a, 3b of the antenna vertically of a cross structure S creates in each of the sensors of the antenna a first and a second magnetic field. These magnetic fields are used by means of known electronic circuits (not shown) to supply a binary logic signal transmitted to the evaluation unit.
  • FIG. 2D shows, in conjunction with FIGS. 2A to 2C, the binary logic signal delivered by the antenna as a function of its position relative to the structure with crossbars.
  • the rising edge 7 of the binary logic signal appears when the first sensor exceeds the magnetic node.
  • the falling edge 8 of the binary logic signal appears when the second sensor exceeds the magnetic node.
  • the crossing of a magnetic node of a cross-braced structure therefore causes the appearance of two magnetic fields successively in phase and in phase opposition.
  • the transmission of the binary logic signals is carried out from the lattice structures of a beacon to the antenna then to the evaluation unit.
  • FIG. 3 represents a timing diagram of a clock signal and a data signal originating from two state-of-the-art cross-over structures.
  • FIG. 3 also represents the state of the bits of the message signal deduced from these signals.
  • the cross structure SH used for the transmission of the clock signal and the cross structure SD for the transmission of the data signals appear schematically in FIG. 3.
  • a first cross structure SH can be dedicated to the emission of a clock signal.
  • the frequency of the electric current flowing through this structure can, for example, be of the order of 90 kHz unmodulated.
  • the spatial period of distribution of the magnetic nodes NH along this cross-over structure for the emission of the clock signals is, for example, of the order of 16 cm.
  • Another cross structure SD is dedicated to the transmission of data signals.
  • the frequencies of the electric currents flowing through these structures can, for example, be of the order of 110 kHz and 123.7 kHz, not modulated.
  • the spatial distribution of the magnetic nodes ND along this cross-over structure for the transmission of the data signals is a function of the data to be transmitted.
  • the magnetic nodes NH of the cross-over structures for the transmission of the clock signals are distributed periodically along the cross-over structure SH concerned.
  • the magnetic nodes ND of the cross-over structures for the transmission of the data signals are not necessarily distributed periodically along the cross-over structure concerned, but appear as a function of the state of the bits constituting the message to be transmitted.
  • the magnetic nodes NH intended for the clock signals and the magnetic nodes ND intended for the data signals are not superimposed with respect to each other.
  • the magnetic nodes ND of the cross structures for the transmission of the data signals are arranged between the magnetic nodes NH of the cross structures for the transmission of the clock signal.
  • the message includes a binary 1 when a magnetic node ND intended for the data signals appears between two successive magnetic nodes NH intended for the clock signals.
  • the message includes a binary 0 when a magnetic node ND intended for the data signals does not appear between two successive magnetic nodes NH intended for the clock signals.
  • a major drawback of the lattice structure for the transmission of the data signals according to the prior art described above is that this structure only applies to a single message.
  • a change of message requires a change of structure with crossbars.
  • FIG. 4 represents a beacon of the installation on the ground of an initialization device when stopped in accordance with a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the beacon 1 of the installation on the ground is made up of eight Si cross structures (i being between 1 and 8).
  • the Si cross structures are superimposed on each other so as to constitute a multilayer structure of generally planar geometric shape.
  • the planar cross structures Si are arranged one on top of the other in horizontal planes parallel to each other.
  • FIG. 4 is therefore only a schematic representation of the beacon, the cross-over structures Si which are represented therein not being in their actual position.
  • Each of the cross structures Si consists of a first electric cable Cik (i being between 1 and 8 and k being equal to 1) and a second electric cable Cik (i being between 1 and 8 and k being equal to 2).
  • the first and second cables are parallel to each other over most of their length.
  • each of the first electric cables Ci1 of each of the cross structures Si is crossed with the electric cable Ci2 which is associated with it so that each of the cross structures consists of a series of crosses between electric cables so as to form magnetic nodes Nij (i being between 1 and 8 and j being between 1 and the total number of magnetic nodes contained in a cross structure).
  • the magnetic nodes Nij thus obtained are distributed, according to a spatial period, along the central longitudinal axis of the multilayer structure.
  • Each of the cross-braced structures Si therefore has the appearance of a band delimited radially by each of the first Ci1 and second Ci2 electric cables, in which nodes Nij are distributed.
  • the magnetic nodes are not superimposed with respect to one another.
  • the electric cables are traversed by an electric current whose frequency is representative of the information to be transmitted.
  • the antenna sensors are positioned on both sides and on the other side of a magnetic knot.
  • the distance between sensors is of the order of 40 mm.
  • the magnetic nodes of a lattice structure are offset from the next lattice structure by a value of the order of 20 mm.
  • a minimum spatial period of 160 mm between magnetic nodes of the same lattice structure allows the use of eight offset lattice structures.
  • a reduction in the value of the spatial period of the magnetic nodes for example to 120 mm or 80 mm, makes it necessary to reduce the position in height of the two sensors of the antenna.
  • the height position of the two sensors of the antenna is of the order of 200 mm.
  • the height position of the two sensors of the antenna is of the order of 100 mm and 150 mm, respectively.
  • the antenna placed on the rail vehicle is stopped vertically from the beacon when the latter must transmit the message to the evaluation unit via the antenna.
  • the movement of the rail vehicle is simulated at the beacon.
  • the message is then compulsorily transmitted by one of the cross structures.
  • the cross-over structures are successively supplied in pairs Pmn (m being equal to 1, 2, 3, or 4 and n being equal, respectively, to 5, 6, 7, or 8) and successively to one and the other of the clock and data frequencies.
  • a pair of lattice structures comprises a first lattice structure Sm taken as a reference cooperating with a second lattice structure Sn.
  • the second cross structure Sn is the only one which is offset from the first cross structure Sm, for example, by a spatial half-period, namely 80 mm.
  • pair number is given by the value of the spatial period between the magnetic nodes of the same structure with cross-pieces and by the difference between the sensors constituting the antenna.
  • Tables 1 and 2 show, respectively, a sequence making it possible to obtain the emission of a binary 1 and a binary 0 by means of one of the pairs of cross-braced structures.
  • a binary 1 is detected by the antenna when a pair of lattice structures simulates on its magnetic nodes a first clock signal followed by a data signal and finally a second clock signal.
  • a binary 0 is detected by the antenna when a pair of lattice structures simulates on these magnetic nodes a first clock signal and a second clock signal without a data signal appearing between these two successive clock signals.
  • This letter B designates a structure without cross-braces forming a loop arranged longitudinally at the periphery of the cross-braced structures.
  • This optional loop consists of an electrical conductor and has the function of remove unwanted signals that may appear in the tag.
  • the loop is traversed by the clock signal at the clock frequency FH defined previously when one of the two cross-over structures of the pair of cross-over structures is traversed by the data signal and is traversed by the data signal at the data frequency FD previously defined when one of the two cross-over structures of the pair of cross-over structures is traversed by the clock signal.
  • FIG. 5 represents a beacon of the installation on the ground of a device for initialization at a stop in accordance with a second preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the Si cross structures are superimposed on each other so as to constitute a multilayer structure of generally planar geometric shape.
  • the planar cross structures Si are arranged one on the other in horizontal planes parallel to each other.
  • FIG. 5 is therefore also only a schematic representation of the beacon, the cross-over structures Si which are represented therein not being in their actual position.
  • the purpose of this second preferred embodiment is to divide the number of lattice structures by two.
  • An advantage of the stop initialization device according to the second preferred embodiment of the invention is the reduction in the cost and the length of the electric cables as well as the simplification of the control electronics.
  • the magnetic nodes Nij of the same structure with cross-braces Si of a beacon 1 of the installation on the ground are distributed over a spatial period, for example equal to 160 mm.
  • the additional cross structures are said to be virtual because the additional magnetic nodes of these virtual cross structures have no material existence. These additional magnetic nodes are therefore also virtual but can however be detected by the antenna under the same conditions as the real magnetic nodes.
  • the creation of a virtual lattice structure S'l is obtained by supplying a first real lattice structure Sl-1 taken as a reference cooperating with a second real lattice structure Sl + 1.
  • the second real cross-over structure Sl + 1 is that unique offset from the first cross-over structure by a value equal to a quarter of the spatial period of the magnetic nodes Nij of the same cross-over structure Nij.
  • the operation of the beacon according to the second preferred embodiment is identical in all respects to the operation of the beacon according to the first preferred embodiment described above.
  • pairs of cross-over structures defined in relation to FIG. 3 or 4 consist either of two real cross-over structures, or of two virtual cross-over structures.
  • the two virtual cross structures are each obtained by two real cross structures.
  • the real cross structures are supplied successively by pair Prs (r being equal to 1 or 3 and s being equal, respectively, to 5 or 7) and by double pairs P13, P35 and, respectively, P57, P71 and successively at both of the clock and data frequencies.
  • Tables 3 and 4 below show, respectively, a sequence making it possible to obtain the emission of a binary 1 and a binary 0 by means of two double pairs P13 and P57 of structures with real cross-bars S1, S3 and S5, S7.
  • the letter Si (i taking the values 1, 3, 5 or 7) designates the real cross-over structures and the letter B designates the single loop structure defined above.
  • the two real cross-over structures S1 and S3 allow the creation of a virtual cross-over structure S'2.
  • the two real cross structures S5 and S7 make it possible to create a virtual cross structure S'6.
  • a binary 1 is detected by the antenna when on the virtual magnetic nodes of this virtual pair of virtual crossover structures is simulated a first clock signal followed by a data signal and finally a second clock signal.
  • a binary 0 is detected by the antenna when on the virtual magnetic nodes of the virtual pair of virtual cross structures is simulated a first clock signal and a second clock signal without a data signal appearing between these two successive clock signals.
  • FIG. 6 represents a block diagram of the electronics for controlling a beacon of the ground installation according to the invention.
  • the block diagram is more particularly adapted to the control of the beacon of the installation on the ground of the initialization device at standstill in accordance with the second preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the beacon of the floor installation in accordance with the second preferred embodiment of the invention comprises four real cross structures Si (i taking the values 1, 3, 5 or 7) and, optionally, a single loop structure B.
  • the electric currents in the various cross-over structures are controlled in frequency by means of a logic control circuit 9, for example a sequencer, by means of power amplifiers 10.
  • the logic control circuit 9 in frequency of the structures with cross-links Si and of the single loop structure B is connected to a frequency generator 11 and to a circuit 12, for example a memory, transmitting the sequence of logical bits composing the message to be transmitted.
  • the frequency generator 11 generates two frequencies, a frequency FH dedicated to the clock signal and a frequency FD dedicated to the data signals.
  • the circuit 12 generates the message to reach the evaluation unit by means of the cross structures Si via the antenna.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Bake zur Initialisierung eines stehenden Fahrzeugs, insbesondere für ein System, das die Führung, den Betrieb und die Wartung des Fahrzeugs unterstützt, bestehend aus der Überlagerung von Schleifenstrukturen (Si), die je aus einem ersten elektrischen Kabel (Ci1) und einem zweiten elektrischen Kabel bestehen und über den größten Teil ihrer Länge parallel verlaufen, wobei die Kabel (Ci1, Ci2) so überkreuzt sind, daß sie eine Folge von Magnetknoten (Nij) bilden, die in einer gegebenen Schleifenstruktur (Si) gemäß einer räumlichen Periode entlang der Schleifenstruktur verteilt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Initialisierungsbake eine Initialisierungsbake eines stehenden Fahrzeugs ist und daß sie Mittel (9, 10, 11, 12) aufweist, um diese Schleifenstrukturen nacheinander paarweise (Pmn) und in Folge mit einer Taktfrequenz (FH) und einer Datenfrequenz (FD) zu speisen.
  2. Initialisierungsbake nach Anspruch 1, in der die Paare (Pmn) von Schleifenstrukturen aus einer ersten Schleifenstruktur (Sm) und einer zweiten, bezüglich der ersten Schleifenstruktur (Sm) um eine halbe Raumperiode zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Magnetknoten (Nij) in einer gegebenen Schleifenstruktur (Si) versetzten Schleifenstruktur (Sn) gebildet werden.
  3. Initialisierungsbake nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, in der die Aussendung eines Binärwerts 1 erreicht wird, indem an die Schleifenstrukturen (Sm, Sn) eines gegebenen Paares (Pmn) von Schleifenstrukturen folgende Signale angelegt werden:
    - ein Taktsignal mit der Taktfrequenz (FH) nacheinander an die erste Schleifenstruktur (Sm), an die zweite Schleifenstruktur (Sn) und an die erste Schleifenstruktur (Sm),
    - ein Datensignal mit der Datenfrequenz (FD) nacheinander an die erste Schleifenstruktur (Sm), an die zweite Schleifenstruktur (Sn) und an die erste Schleifenstruktur (Sm),
    - und ein Taktsignal mit der Taktfrequenz (FH) nacheinander an die erste Schleifenstruktur (Sm), an die zweite Schleifenstruktur (Sn) und an die erste Schleifenstruktur (Sm).
  4. Initialisierungsbake nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, in der die Aussendung eines Binärwerts 0 erhalten wird, indem an die Schleifenstrukturen (Sm, Sn), die ein gegebenes Paar (Pmn) von Schleifenstrukturen bilden, folgende Signale angelegt werden:
    - ein Taktsignal mit der Taktfrequenz (FH) nacheinander an die erste Schleifenstruktur (Sm), an die zweite Schleifenstruktur (Sn) und an die erste Schleifenstruktur (Sm),
    - ein Datensignal mit der Datenfrequenz (FD) an die erste Schleifenstruktur (Sm),
    - und ein Taktsignal mit der Taktfrequenz (FH) nacheinander an die erste Schleifenstruktur (Sm), an die zweite Schleifenstruktur (Sn) und an die erste Schleifenstruktur (Sm).
  5. Initialisierungsbake nach Anspruch 1, in der virtuelle Schleifenstrukturen (S'1) erzeugt werden, indem eine erste reale Schleifenstruktur (Sl-1) und eine zweite reale Schleifenstruktur (Sl+1) gespeist werden.
  6. Initialisierungsbake nach Anspruch 5, in der die realen Schleifenstrukturen (Si) nacheinander als Doppelpaare und in Folge mit einer Taktfrequenz (FH) und einer Datenfrequenz (FD) gespeist werden.
  7. Initialisierungsbake nach Anspruch 6, in der die Aussendung eines Binärwerts 1 erhalten wird, indem auf den virtuellen Knoten (N'21) eines virtuellen Paars (P'26) von virtuellen Schleifenstrukturen ein erstes Taktsignal, dann ein Datensignal und schließlich ein zweites Taktsignal simuliert werden.
  8. Initialisierungsbake nach Anspruch 6, in der die Aussendung eines Binärwerts 0 erhalten wird, indem auf den virtuellen Knoten (N'21) eines virtuellen Paars (P'26) von virtuellen Schleifenstrukturen ein erstes Taktsignal und dann ein zweites Taktsignal simuliert werden, ohne daß ein Datensignal zwischen diesen beiden Taktsignalen auftritt.
  9. Initialisierungsbake nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 3, 4, 7 oder 8, in der eine Schleife (B) von einem Taktsignal mit der Taktfrequenz (FH) durchlaufen wird, wenn eine der beiden Schleifenstrukturen (Sm, Sn) des Paars (Pmn) von Schleifenstrukturen von einem Datensignal durchlaufen wird, während die Schleife (B) vom Datensignal mit der Datenfrequenz (FD) durchlaufen wird, wenn eine der Schleifenstrukturen (Sm, Sn) des Paars (Pmn) von Schleifenstrukturen vom Taktsignal durchlaufen wird.
EP94402631A 1993-11-23 1994-11-18 Initialisierungsbake eines haltenden Fahrzeugs Expired - Lifetime EP0654390B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9313989 1993-11-23
FR9313989A FR2712863B1 (fr) 1993-11-23 1993-11-23 Balise d'initialisation d'un véhicule à l'arrêt.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0654390A1 EP0654390A1 (de) 1995-05-24
EP0654390B1 true EP0654390B1 (de) 1996-12-27

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US (1) US5592158A (de)
EP (1) EP0654390B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1057964C (de)
AU (1) AU680308B2 (de)
BR (1) BR9404684A (de)
CA (1) CA2136277C (de)
DE (1) DE69401261T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2712863B1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA949255B (de)

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US6781524B1 (en) 2000-03-17 2004-08-24 Magnemotion, Inc. Passive position-sensing and communications for vehicles on a pathway
FR2819772B1 (fr) * 2001-01-22 2004-05-28 Alstom Dispositif et procede pour la localisation ponctuelle d'un vehicule ferroviaire le long d'une voie ferree equipee de balises et antenne destinee a equiper un tel dispositif
WO2003029651A2 (en) * 2001-10-01 2003-04-10 Magnemotion, Inc. Synchronous machine design and manufacturing
US6983701B2 (en) * 2001-10-01 2006-01-10 Magnemotion, Inc. Suspending, guiding and propelling vehicles using magnetic forces
KR20070011577A (ko) 2004-05-07 2007-01-24 마그네모션, 인코포레이티드 단일 경로를 기반으로 하는 작용기들을 이용한 3차원 동작
WO2007013991A2 (en) * 2005-07-22 2007-02-01 Magnemotion, Inc. Guideway activated magnetic switching of vehicles
US8616134B2 (en) 2009-01-23 2013-12-31 Magnemotion, Inc. Transport system powered by short block linear synchronous motors
US9032880B2 (en) 2009-01-23 2015-05-19 Magnemotion, Inc. Transport system powered by short block linear synchronous motors and switching mechanism
US9802507B2 (en) 2013-09-21 2017-10-31 Magnemotion, Inc. Linear motor transport for packaging and other uses

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Publication number Publication date
CA2136277C (fr) 2003-04-29
AU7895694A (en) 1995-06-01
ZA949255B (en) 1995-08-03
CA2136277A1 (fr) 1995-05-24
BR9404684A (pt) 1995-07-18
DE69401261D1 (de) 1997-02-06
CN1111581A (zh) 1995-11-15
CN1057964C (zh) 2000-11-01
US5592158A (en) 1997-01-07
DE69401261T2 (de) 1997-04-30
FR2712863A1 (fr) 1995-06-02
FR2712863B1 (fr) 1996-01-05
EP0654390A1 (de) 1995-05-24
AU680308B2 (en) 1997-07-24

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