EP0644390B1 - Gaskompressionsverfahren und Vorrichtung - Google Patents

Gaskompressionsverfahren und Vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0644390B1
EP0644390B1 EP94402025A EP94402025A EP0644390B1 EP 0644390 B1 EP0644390 B1 EP 0644390B1 EP 94402025 A EP94402025 A EP 94402025A EP 94402025 A EP94402025 A EP 94402025A EP 0644390 B1 EP0644390 B1 EP 0644390B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
air
make
heat exchange
installation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94402025A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0644390A1 (de
Inventor
Alain Guillard
Bernard Saulnier
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Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04157—Afterstage cooling and so-called "pre-cooling" of the feed air upstream the air purification unit and main heat exchange line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/30—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes
    • F25J2205/34—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using a washing, e.g. "scrubbing" or bubble column for purification purposes as evaporative cooling tower to produce chilled water, e.g. evaporative water chiller [EWC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/04—Compressor cooling arrangement, e.g. inter- or after-stage cooling or condensate removal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/90—Cooling towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
    • Y10S62/912—External refrigeration system

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of compressing a gas, of the type in which a water-cooling appliance is supplied with make-up air with cooling water from a gas-compression appliance . It applies in particular to the various compression devices that comprise air distillation installations.
  • each intermediate stage comprises an intermediate heat exchanger, called “inter-stage refrigerant”, and the last stage comprises a heat exchanger known as “final refrigerant”.
  • inter-stage refrigerant an intermediate heat exchanger
  • final refrigerant a heat exchanger known as "final refrigerant”.
  • this appliance Due to the evaporation of part of the water in the refrigeration appliance and the need to carry out deconcentration purges of the circuit, this appliance is supplied with a make-up water flow, which comes from usually from a water table.
  • the water treated by the refrigeration unit is at a temperature that varies with the seasons, depending on the temperature of the atmospheric air. At least in the hot season, it generally does not allow the temperature of the air coming from the top stage of the compressor to be lowered below +25 to + 30 ° C.
  • a refrigeration unit or other auxiliary cooling device is mounted between the final refrigerant and the adsorption device, in order to lower the temperature. compressed air, typically below + 15 ° C.
  • Air distillation installations generally include other compression devices, also cooled by water from the aforementioned circuit: an air blower mounted downstream of the main compressor, generally coupled to an expansion turbine of air, and / or a cycle nitrogen compressor, These compression devices generally discharge into cryogenic cooling exchangers, and it would be advantageous to precool further the gas they discharge, for example to increase the production of liquid.
  • the object of the invention is to make it possible to lower the temperature of the compressed gas without having to use a refrigeration unit or other auxiliary device, and this in a particularly economical manner.
  • the subject of the invention is a method of compressing a gas, of the aforementioned type, characterized in that, at least when the make-up water is cooler than the water treated by the refrigeration, the make-up water is put in heat exchange relation with the gas discharged by the last stage of the compression apparatus, then the make-up water is sent into the refrigeration apparatus.
  • the invention also relates to a gas compression assembly intended for the implementation of such a method.
  • This assembly of the type comprising a compression apparatus associated with a water cooling circuit comprising an air refrigeration apparatus for return water, and a supply line for the water refrigeration apparatus make-up, is characterized in that the make-up water supply line passes through a heat exchanger mounted on the discharge line of the last stage of the compression appliance, before reaching the refrigeration appliance.
  • the make-up water supply line comprises a selective bypass at the terminals of said heat exchanger, and means are provided for selectively supplying this exchanger with water processed by the refrigeration unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows the main air compressor 1 of an air distillation installation, which may also be of a conventional type, for example with a double distillation column.
  • Compressor 1 has three stages 2 to 4 and is associated with four indirect and counter-current type heat exchangers.
  • a water cooling circuit associated with the compressor 1 comprises: a pipe 9 for the supply of chilled water, equipped with a circulation pump 10 and from which three branches 11 to 13 start, which lead respectively to the cold end of the exchangers 5 to 7; a pipe 14 for returning hot water, to which three pipes 15 to 17 terminate respectively starting from the hot end of the exchangers 5 to 7; and a cooling tower 18 supplied at the head by line 14 and supplying at its base line 9.
  • Tower 18 has at its base an atmospheric air inlet 19 and at its top an outlet 20 for heated and humidified air. It also comprises at its base a purge line 21 provided with a valve 22, and it is equipped with a member 23 for ascending circulation of the refrigerant air.
  • a supply water supply pipe 24 connected, via a pump or a water tower (not shown), to a groundwater table.
  • This pipe first passes through the exchanger 8, from its cold end to its hot end, then is connected to the tower 18. It further comprises a by-pass 25, provided with a valve 26, at the terminals of the exchanger 8.
  • the pipe 9, after its diversion 13, is extended by a section 27 fitted with a valve 28 and ending at a point 29 of the pipe 24 near the cold end of the exchanger 8.
  • Another valve 30 is provided in line 24 between bypass 25 and point 29.
  • make-up water drawn from a groundwater table is all year round at a relatively stable temperature, for example between +5 and + 15 ° C.
  • a relatively stable temperature for example between +5 and + 15 ° C.
  • the atmospheric air may be cold enough for the water treated in 18 to be cooled below + 15 ° C, and more precisely to a temperature at least as low as that of the water d 'extra.
  • the valve 30 is closed and the valves 26 and 28 are opened.
  • the make-up water then directly feeds the tower 18, and it is the circulation water coming from the latter that feeds the exchanger 8 .
  • FIG. 2 differs from that of FIG. 1 only by the combination of the exchangers 7 and 8 in a single exchanger 7A, supplied by the pipe 24.
  • the compressed air at 4 is directly cooled by the make-up water, before this is sent to the tower 18.
  • the air leaving the exchanger 7A is then directly sent to the apparatus 31 for purification by adsorption, as previously.
  • the bypass 25 makes it possible, as explained above, to send the make-up water directly to the tower 18 and to cool the exchanger 7A by means of the water circulating in the pipe. 9.
  • the variant of the Figure 2 requires a relatively large flow of make-up water to cool the exchanger 7A. If this flow is in excess of the needs of tower 18, we can either increase the purge flow at 21, or send to the sewer, or otherwise evacuate from the installation, the excess make-up water in upstream of tower 18, as shown in dashed line at 32. This remark is also valid for the variant of Figure 1.
  • the cooling of a compressed gas by the make-up water of an air cooling tower in one or the other form of implementation described above, can also be applied to the others. compressors for air distillation installations. In fact, in the case of an air blower or a nitrogen compressor of the refrigeration cycle, this cooling mode makes it possible economically to lower the temperature of the compressed gas substantially before it enters the line. the following cryogenic heat exchange. This allows for example to increase the production of liquid.
  • the inlet temperature of the compressed gas is thus regulated in the heat exchange line which follows. This applies in particular to the case where, in Figure 1, there would be provided, in addition to the exchanger 8 or another pre-cooling device mounted in place of this exchanger, a water-cooled heat exchanger d 'backup, mounted between the outlet of the cleaning device 31 and the hot end of the main heat exchange line of the air distillation installation.
  • Tower 18 can be specifically associated with the compressors to be cooled, or it can be used at the same time to cool cooling water from other devices on the site, for example an arc furnace supplied with oxygen by the installation air distillation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Gaskompressionsverfahren, bei dem einer mit Luft arbeitenden Kühlvorrichtung (18) für Kühlwasser einer Gaskompressionsvorrichtung (1) Frischwasser zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest dann, wenn das Frischwasser kühler ist als das durch die Kühlvorrichtung (18) behandelte Wasser, das Frischwasser einem Wärmeaustausch (bei 8; 7A) mit dem von der letzten Stufe (4) der Kompressionsvorrichtung ausgestoßenen Gas unterzogen und dann das Frischwasser in die Kühlvorrichtung (18) geleitet wird.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das von der letzten Stufe (4) der Kompressionsvorrichtung (1) ausgestoßene Gas zuerst (bei 7) einem Wärmeaustausch mit durch die Kühlvorrichtung (18) behandeltem Wasser und dann (bei 8) mit dem Frischwasser unterzogen wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das von der letzten Stufe (4) der Kompressionsvorrichtung (1) ausgestoßene Gas direkt (bei 7A) einem Wärmeaustausch mit dem Frischwasser unterzogen wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kompressionsvorrichtung (1) der Hauptluftkompressor einer Luftdestillationsvorrichtung ist und die durch den Wärmeaustausch mit dem Frischwasser (bei 8; 7A) abgekühlte Luft direkt in einen Apparat (31) zur Reinigung von Luft durch Adsorption oder in die Hauptwärmeaustauschleitung dieser Vorrichtung geleitet wird.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kompressionsvorrichtung ein Luftnachverdichter einer Destillationsvorrichtung ist und die durch den Wärmeaustausch mit dem Frischwasser abgekühlte Luft in das warme Ende der Hauptwärmeaustauschleitung dieser Vorrichtung geleitet wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kompressionsvorrichtung ein Kompressor für Stickstoff aus dem Zyklus einer Luftdestillationsvorrichtung ist und der durch den Wärmeaustausch mit dem Frischwasser abgekühlte Stickstoff in das warme Ende eines Stickstoffverflüssigungs-Wärmetauschers dieser Vorrichtung geleitet wird.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für den Wärmeaustausch (bei 8; 7A) eine bezogen auf den Bedarf der Kühlvorrichtung (18) überschüssige Frischwassermenge verwendet und das überschüssige Frischwasser durch Ablassen (bei 21) aus dieser Vorrichtung und/oder durch Abziehen Frischwasser (bei 32) stromauf dieser Vorrichtung ausgeglichen wird.
  8. Gaskompressionseinrichtung mit einer einem Wasserkühlkreis zugeordneten Kompressionsvorrichtung (1), umfassend eine mit Luft arbeitende Kühlvorrichtung (18) für das Rücklaufwasser und eine Leitung (24) zur Versorgung der Kühlvorrichtung mit Frischwasser, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Frischwasserversorgungsleitung (24) durch einen an der Auslaßleitung der letzten Stufe der Kompressionsvorrichtung angebrachten Wärmetauscher (8; 7A) verläuft, bevor sie die Kühlvorrichtung (18) erreicht.
  9. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 8, gekennzeichnet durch einen Vorwärmetauscher (7), der mit dem durch die Kühlvorrichtung (18) behandelten Wasser gespeist wird und an der Auslaßleitung zwischen der Kompressionsvorrichtung (1) und dem Wärmetauscher (8) angebracht ist.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wärmetauscher (7A) direkt am Auslaß der letzten Stufe (4) der Kompressionsvorrichtung (1) angebracht ist.
  11. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Frischwasserversorgungsleitung (24) einen wählbaren Bypass (25) zu den Anschlüssen des Wärmetauschers (8; 7A) umfaßt, und daß Mittel (27, 28) vorgesehen sind, die diesen Tauscher mit durch die Kühlvorrichtung (18) behandeltem Wasser versorgen.
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kompressionsvorrichtung (1) der Hauptluftkompressor einer Luftdestillationsvorrichtung ist und der Wärmetauscher (8; 7A) zwischen diesem Kompressor und einem Apparat (31) zur Reinigung von Luft durch Adsorption oder zwischen diesem Apparat und dem warmen Ende der Hauptwärmeaustauschleitung dieser Vorrichtung angeordnet ist.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kompressionsvorrichtung ein Luftnachverdichter einer Luftdestillationsvorrichtung ist und der Wärmetauscher zwischen diesem Nachverdichter und dem warmen Ende der Hauptwärmeaustauschleitung der Vorrichtung angeordnet ist.
  14. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kompressionsvorrichtung ein Kompressor für Stickstoff aus dem Zyklus einer Luftdestillationsvorrichtung ist und der Wärmetauscher zwischen diesem Stickstoffkompressor und dem warmen Ende eines Stickstoffverflüssigungs-Wärmetauschers dieser Luftdestillationsvorrichtung angeordnet ist.
EP94402025A 1993-09-21 1994-09-12 Gaskompressionsverfahren und Vorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0644390B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9311232A FR2710370B1 (fr) 1993-09-21 1993-09-21 Procédé et ensemble de compression d'un gaz.
FR9311232 1993-09-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0644390A1 EP0644390A1 (de) 1995-03-22
EP0644390B1 true EP0644390B1 (de) 1996-10-23

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EP94402025A Expired - Lifetime EP0644390B1 (de) 1993-09-21 1994-09-12 Gaskompressionsverfahren und Vorrichtung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5481880A (de)
EP (1) EP0644390B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH07167554A (de)
CN (1) CN1104617C (de)
CA (1) CA2132367A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69400794T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2094030T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2710370B1 (de)

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US20120118004A1 (en) * 2010-11-12 2012-05-17 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Adsorption chilling for compressing and transporting gases
FR2988166B1 (fr) * 2012-03-13 2014-04-11 Air Liquide Procede et appareil de condensation d'un debit gazeux riche en dioxyde de carbone
FR2989454A1 (fr) * 2012-04-16 2013-10-18 Air Liquide Installation de compression d'un flux gazeux humide
CN103343740B (zh) * 2013-05-27 2015-08-12 中国五环工程有限公司 二氧化碳压缩机的节能降耗方法及其系统
EP3124902A1 (de) 2015-07-28 2017-02-01 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Luftzerlegungsanlage, betriebsverfahren und steuereinrichtung
CN105758235B (zh) * 2016-02-26 2018-05-08 国网上海市电力公司 一种中空板式空气冷却塔及其控制方法
DE102019102387A1 (de) 2019-01-30 2020-07-30 Gardner Denver Deutschland Gmbh Kühlungsanordnung und Verfahren zur Kühlung eines mindestens zweistufigen Drucklufterzeugers

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Publication number Publication date
CN1104617C (zh) 2003-04-02
JPH07167554A (ja) 1995-07-04
FR2710370B1 (fr) 1995-12-08
FR2710370A1 (fr) 1995-03-31
ES2094030T3 (es) 1997-01-01
CN1104724A (zh) 1995-07-05
EP0644390A1 (de) 1995-03-22
DE69400794D1 (de) 1996-11-28
DE69400794T2 (de) 1997-02-27
US5481880A (en) 1996-01-09
CA2132367A1 (fr) 1995-03-22

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