EP0641703A1 - Securing of a socket on to an air duct - Google Patents

Securing of a socket on to an air duct Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0641703A1
EP0641703A1 EP94112619A EP94112619A EP0641703A1 EP 0641703 A1 EP0641703 A1 EP 0641703A1 EP 94112619 A EP94112619 A EP 94112619A EP 94112619 A EP94112619 A EP 94112619A EP 0641703 A1 EP0641703 A1 EP 0641703A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bore
spring
sleeve
air line
head housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94112619A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0641703B1 (en
Inventor
Walter Köhler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Turbo Scharfenberg GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Scharfenbergkupplung GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scharfenbergkupplung GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Scharfenbergkupplung GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0641703A1 publication Critical patent/EP0641703A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0641703B1 publication Critical patent/EP0641703B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G5/00—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for
    • B61G5/06—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for for, or combined with, couplings or connectors for fluid conduits or electric cables
    • B61G5/08—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for for, or combined with, couplings or connectors for fluid conduits or electric cables for fluid conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to securing an air line sleeve according to the preamble of the claim.
  • Such air line sleeves are used in main and brake air line systems of central buffer couplings. In operation, it has repeatedly occurred that sleeves have fallen out of their holder due to twisting and, as a result, and as a result of the loss of further line parts held together by the sleeve in a bore, malfunctions occurred.
  • Known safety measures to prevent losses include screwing flanges in front of the air line sleeves or using a screw, washer and specially made thread to block a groove in the coupling head housing for inserting protrusions or knobs on a muffer.
  • the common feature of these known fuses is that they not only require additional material, but are also time-consuming due to the additional screwing work to be carried out during assembly and disassembly. Add to this the effort for necessary preparatory work, such as. B. the production of a thread or as required for the assembly of the flange, the preparation of the end face of the coupling head housing by milling to accommodate the flange to save space.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of securing against twisting or the loss of the air line sleeve, in particular on a main or brake air line of a coupling head housing of a central buffer coupling, which requires as little material as possible, which is quick and easy to assemble or disassemble and in particular can be used without additional manufacturing outlay for all new couplings to be manufactured or without further conversion work for all air line sleeves already in use on coupling head housings of central buffer couplings.
  • the solution according to the invention provides a simple, cheap and effective safeguard against the loss of air line sleeves and other parts by restricting the possibility of twisting the sleeve by blocking it in the bore.
  • the spring element used for securing which is easy and simple to produce and has two functional elements, is clamped on the same groove through which it has been inserted into a free space in the bore. It does not hinder the longitudinal mobility of the sleeve, which remains movable against the force of the spring.
  • the spring element can be used on new and already in use middle buffer couplings without further ado because it is adapted to existing design features.
  • FIG. 1 shows an air conduit sleeve 2 secured with a spring element 1, which is located in a bore 3 and protrudes in front of the coupling head housing 4.
  • the bore 3 extends into a connector 5 which is fastened to the coupling head housing 4 by means of bolts 6 and nuts 7 and which contains the continuation of the air line 8.
  • a helical spring 9 having a square profile and a double-walled sealing tube 10 which seals the transition from the air line 8 to the air line sleeve 2 and is enclosed by the helical spring 9 (FIG. 2).
  • the helical spring 9 is supported on the one hand in a guide section 11 of the bore 3 located in the connection piece 5 and on the other hand presses against the air conduit sleeve 2, which bears with two projections or knobs 12 on a collar 13 in the partially narrowed bore 3 and out of the coupling head housing 4 stands out.
  • the collar 13 there are two grooves 14, which serve as a guide for the projections or lugs 12, by means of which the air conduit sleeve 2 is inserted from outside into the narrowed section of the bore 3. Behind the collar 13, the projections or lugs 12 pass over into the enlarged section of the bore 3, so that the sleeve 2 can be rotated and the projections or lugs 12 come into contact with the collar 13 by the force of the coil spring 9.
  • the spring element 1 is shown in the gap 15, which is annular because of the bore diameter, above the sleeve 2 and coil spring 9.
  • the sleeve 2 contains a sealing ring 16 which is inserted in the section of the sleeve 2 protruding in front of the coupling head housing 4 and protrudes somewhat for sealing purposes.
  • the part of the spring element 1 designed as a spring leg 1a is threaded through a groove 14 from outside the bore 3 into the annular gap 15 between the coil spring 9 and the coupling head housing 4.
  • the shorter locking bracket 1b of the spring element 1 is also pressed into the groove 14, where it engages after further insertion after the spring leg 1a has jammed in the rear guide section 11 of the bore 3.
  • the locking bracket 1b is pressed further with the aid of a suitable tool into the annular gap 15 to behind the collar 13, where it can be pushed aside.
  • the sleeve 2 can then be rotated again until its projections or lugs 12 are in front of the grooves 15, so that the sleeve 2 can be pulled out of the bore 3.
  • the coil spring 9, the sealing tube 10 and the spring element 1 can also be easily dismantled.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)

Abstract

The socket (2) is inserted in a bore in the end face of a central buffer coupling. It has protrusions working in grooves in a flange and is turned in the bore behind the flange to lock it. It slides into the bore in opposition to a coil spring (9) inside the latter and forms a permanent seal against a pipe (10) enclosed by the spring. An S-shaped spring (1) comprises a longer arm (1) and a shorter locking stirrup (1b). It is passed via one of the grooves into the annular gap (15) between the spring and bore (3), its arm being clamped in the spring guide (11). The stirrup is gripped in the groove through which it is inserted so that it cannot slide.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft die Sicherung einer Luftleitungsmuffe nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches.The invention relates to securing an air line sleeve according to the preamble of the claim.

Derartige Luftleitungsmuffen sind bei Haupt- sowie Bremsluftleitungssystemen von Mittelpufferkupplungen im Einsatz. Im Betrieb ist es wiederholt vorgekommen, daß Muffen durch Verdrehen aus ihrer Halterung gefallen sind und dadurch sowie durch den Verlust weiterer von der Muffe in einer Bohrung zusammengehaltener Leitungsteile Betriebsstörungen auftraten.Such air line sleeves are used in main and brake air line systems of central buffer couplings. In operation, it has repeatedly occurred that sleeves have fallen out of their holder due to twisting and, as a result, and as a result of the loss of further line parts held together by the sleeve in a bore, malfunctions occurred.

Bekannte Sicherungsmaßnahmen zum Verhindern der Verluste sehen vor, Flansche vor die Luftleitungsmuffen zu schrauben oder mittels Schraube, Scheibe und speziell gefertigtem Gewinde eine Nut im Kuppelkopfgehäuse für das Einführen von an einer Muffer befindlichen Vorsprüngen oder Knaggen zu blockieren. Das gemeinsame Merkmal dieser bekannten Sicherungen ist, daß Sie nicht nur zusätzliches Material erfordern, sondern auch durch die bei der Montage und Demontage zusätzlich zu verrichtende Schraubarbeit zeitaufwendig sind. Hinzu kommt der Aufwand für notwendige Vorbereitungsarbeiten, wie z. B. das Herstellen eines Gewindes oder wie bei der Montage des Flansches erforderlich, das Herrichten der Stirnfläche des Kuppelkopfgehäuses durch Fräsen, um den Flansch platzsparend unterzubringen.Known safety measures to prevent losses include screwing flanges in front of the air line sleeves or using a screw, washer and specially made thread to block a groove in the coupling head housing for inserting protrusions or knobs on a muffer. The common feature of these known fuses is that they not only require additional material, but are also time-consuming due to the additional screwing work to be carried out during assembly and disassembly. Add to this the effort for necessary preparatory work, such as. B. the production of a thread or as required for the assembly of the flange, the preparation of the end face of the coupling head housing by milling to accommodate the flange to save space.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Sicherung gegen Verdrehen bzw. den Verlust der Luftleitungsmuffe, insbesondere an einer Haupt- oder Bremsluftleitung eines Kuppelkopfgehäuses einer Mittelpufferkupplung, vorzuschlagen, die möglichst wenig Material erfordert, die schnell und einfach zu montieren bzw. zu demontieren ist und insbesondere ohne zusätzlichen Herstellungsaufwand bei allen neu anzufertigenden Kupplungen bzw. ohne weitere Umrüstarbeiten bei allen bereits im Einsatz befindlichen Luftleitungsmuffen an Kuppelkopfgehäusen von Mittelpufferkupplungen eingesetzt werden kann.The invention is therefore based on the object of securing against twisting or the loss of the air line sleeve, in particular on a main or brake air line of a coupling head housing of a central buffer coupling, which requires as little material as possible, which is quick and easy to assemble or disassemble and in particular can be used without additional manufacturing outlay for all new couplings to be manufactured or without further conversion work for all air line sleeves already in use on coupling head housings of central buffer couplings.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches gelöst.This object is achieved with the features of the claim.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ist eine einfache, billige und wirksame Sicherung gegen den Verlust von Luftleitungsmuffen und weiterer Teile gegeben, indem die Möglichkeit zum Verdrehen der Muffe durch Blockierung in der Bohrung eingeschränkt wird. Das zu Sicherung eingesetzte Federelement, das leicht und einfach herstellbar ist und zwei Funktionselemente aufweist, wird an derselben Nut, durch die es in einen Freiraum der Bohrung eingesetzt worden ist, verspannt. Es behindert die Längsbeweglichkeit der Muffe nicht, die weiterhin gegen die Kraft der Feder verschieblich bleibt.The solution according to the invention provides a simple, cheap and effective safeguard against the loss of air line sleeves and other parts by restricting the possibility of twisting the sleeve by blocking it in the bore. The spring element used for securing, which is easy and simple to produce and has two functional elements, is clamped on the same groove through which it has been inserted into a free space in the bore. It does not hinder the longitudinal mobility of the sleeve, which remains movable against the force of the spring.

Das Federelement kann an neuen sowie bereits im Betrieb befindlichen Mittelpufferkupplungen ohne weiteres eingesetzt werden, weil es an vorhandene Konstruktionsmerkmale angepaßt ist.The spring element can be used on new and already in use middle buffer couplings without further ado because it is adapted to existing design features.

Die Betriebs- und Funktionssicherheit der gesamten Kupplung, besonders die der Bremsleitungen, wird erheblich erhöht.The operational and functional safety of the entire clutch, especially that of the brake lines, is considerably increased.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist schematisch in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in the drawing and is described in more detail below.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
Eine Draufsicht auf eine Luftleitungsmuffe mit erfindungsgemäßer Sicherung in einer im Schnitt dargestellten Bohrung an Kuppelkopfgehäuse und Anschlußstück einer Mittelpufferkupplung;
Fig. 2
Eine Seitenansicht im Teilschnitt gemäß der Linie II-II in Fig. 1.
Show it:
Fig. 1
A plan view of an air line sleeve with fuse according to the invention in a bore shown in section on the dome head housing and connector of a central buffer coupling;
Fig. 2
A side view in partial section along the line II-II in Fig. 1st

Figur 1 zeigt eine mit einem Federelement 1 gesicherte Luftleitungsmuffe 2, die in einer Bohrung 3 befindlich, vor das Kuppelkopfgehäuse 4 vorsteht. Die Bohrung 3 erstreckt sich bis in ein Anschlußstück 5, das mittels Bolzen 6 und Muttern 7 an dem Kuppelkopfgehäuse 4 befestig ist und das die Fortsetzung der Luftleitung 8 enthält. In der Bohrung 3 befinden sich außerdem eine ein Vierkantprofil aufweisende Schraubenfeder 9 und ein doppelwandiges Dichtungsrohr 10, welches den Übergang von der Luftleitung 8 zur Luftleitungsmuffe 2 abdichtet und von der Schraubenfeder 9 umschlossen wird (Fig. 2). Die Schraubenfeder 9 stützt sich einerseits in einem in dem Anschlußstück 5 gelegenen Führungsabschnitt 11 der Bohrung 3 ab und drückt andererseits gegen die Luftleitungsmuffe 2, die mit zwei Vorsprüngen oder Knaggen 12 an einem Bund 13 in der teilweise verengten Bohrung 3 anliegt und aus dem Kuppelkopfgehäuse 4 heraussteht.FIG. 1 shows an air conduit sleeve 2 secured with a spring element 1, which is located in a bore 3 and protrudes in front of the coupling head housing 4. The bore 3 extends into a connector 5 which is fastened to the coupling head housing 4 by means of bolts 6 and nuts 7 and which contains the continuation of the air line 8. In the bore 3 there is also a helical spring 9 having a square profile and a double-walled sealing tube 10 which seals the transition from the air line 8 to the air line sleeve 2 and is enclosed by the helical spring 9 (FIG. 2). The helical spring 9 is supported on the one hand in a guide section 11 of the bore 3 located in the connection piece 5 and on the other hand presses against the air conduit sleeve 2, which bears with two projections or knobs 12 on a collar 13 in the partially narrowed bore 3 and out of the coupling head housing 4 stands out.

Im Bund 13 befinden sich zwei Nuten 14, die als Führung für die Vorsprünge oder Knaggen 12 dienen, mittels derer die Luftleitungsmuffe 2 von außerhalb in den verengten Abschnitt der Bohrung 3 eingeführt wird. Hinter dem Bund 13 treten die Vorsprünge oder Knaggen 12 in den erweiterten Abschnitt der Bohrung 3 über, so daß die Muffe 2 verdreht werden kann und die Vorsprünge oder Knaggen 12 durch die Kraft der Schraubenfeder 9 an dem Bund 13 zur Anlage kommen.In the collar 13 there are two grooves 14, which serve as a guide for the projections or lugs 12, by means of which the air conduit sleeve 2 is inserted from outside into the narrowed section of the bore 3. Behind the collar 13, the projections or lugs 12 pass over into the enlarged section of the bore 3, so that the sleeve 2 can be rotated and the projections or lugs 12 come into contact with the collar 13 by the force of the coil spring 9.

In Figur 2 ist das Federelement 1 im Spalt 15, der wegen des Bohrungsdurchmessers ringförmig ist, oberhalb von Muffe 2 und Schraubenfeder 9 abgebildet. Die Muffe 2 enthält einen Dichtungsring 16, der im vor das Kuppelkopfgehäuse 4 vorstehenden Abschnitt der Muffe 2 eingelegt ist und zu Dichtzwecken etwas vorsteht.In Figure 2, the spring element 1 is shown in the gap 15, which is annular because of the bore diameter, above the sleeve 2 and coil spring 9. The sleeve 2 contains a sealing ring 16 which is inserted in the section of the sleeve 2 protruding in front of the coupling head housing 4 and protrudes somewhat for sealing purposes.

Zur Montage der Sicherung wird der als Federschenkel 1a ausgebildete Teil des Federelementes 1 durch eine Nut 14 von außerhalb der Bohrung 3 in den Ringspalt 15 zwischen Schraubenfeder 9 und Koppelkopfgehäuse 4 eingefädelt. Der kürzere Arretierungsbügel 1b des Federelementes 1 wird ebenfalls in die Nut 14 gepreßt, wo er nach weiterem Einschieben einrastet, nachdem sich der Federschenkel 1a im hinteren Führungsabschnitt 11 der Bohrung 3 verklemmt hat. Nach der Montage des Federelementes 1 bleibt die Beweglichkeit der Muffe 2 in der Bohrung 3 insofern gewahrt, als die Muffe 2 zwar frei einpuffern kann, jedoch ein Verdrehen nur bis zur Anlage der Vorsprünge oder Knaggen 12 an den Arretierungsbügel 1b des Federelementes 1 möglich ist.To mount the fuse, the part of the spring element 1 designed as a spring leg 1a is threaded through a groove 14 from outside the bore 3 into the annular gap 15 between the coil spring 9 and the coupling head housing 4. The shorter locking bracket 1b of the spring element 1 is also pressed into the groove 14, where it engages after further insertion after the spring leg 1a has jammed in the rear guide section 11 of the bore 3. After assembly of the spring element 1, the mobility of the sleeve 2 in the bore 3 is maintained insofar as the sleeve 2 can buffer freely, but twisting is only possible until the projections or lugs 12 rest against the locking bracket 1b of the spring element 1.

Zur Demontage des Federelementes 1 wird der Arretierungsbügel 1b unter Zuhilfenahme eines geeigneten Werkzeuges weiter in den Ringspalt 15 bis hinter den Bund 13 eingedrückt, wo er zur Seite geschoben werden kann. Anschließend kann die Muffe 2 wieder so weit gedreht werden, bis deren Vorsprünge oder Knaggen 12 vor den Nuten 15 stehen, so daß die Muffe 2 aus der Bohrung 3 herausziehbar ist. Nach dem Entfernen der Muffe 2 lassen sich auch Schraubenfeder 9, Dichtungsrohr 10 sowie das Federelement 1 einfach demontieren.To dismantle the spring element 1, the locking bracket 1b is pressed further with the aid of a suitable tool into the annular gap 15 to behind the collar 13, where it can be pushed aside. The sleeve 2 can then be rotated again until its projections or lugs 12 are in front of the grooves 15, so that the sleeve 2 can be pulled out of the bore 3. After removing the sleeve 2, the coil spring 9, the sealing tube 10 and the spring element 1 can also be easily dismantled.

BesugsziffernFraud figures

11
FederelementSpring element
1a1a
Federschenkel des FederelementesSpring leg of the spring element
1b1b
Arretierungsbügel des FederelementesLocking bracket of the spring element
22nd
LuftleitungsmuffeAir line sleeve
33rd
Bohrungdrilling
44th
KuppelkopfgehäuseDome head housing
55
AnschlußstückConnector
66
Bolzenbolt
77
Muttermother
88th
LuftleitungAir duct
99
Spiralfeder mit VierkantprofilSpiral spring with square profile
1010th
Dichtungsrohr, doppelwandigSealing tube, double-walled
1111
Führungsabschnitt im AnschlußstückGuide section in the connector
1212th
Vorsprung oder Knagge der Luftleitungsmuffe 2Projection or lug of the air duct sleeve 2
1313
Bund der Bohrung 3Bundle of hole 3
1414
NutGroove
1515
RingspaltAnnular gap
1616
DichtungsringSealing ring

Claims (1)

Sicherung einer Luftleitungsmuffe, insbesondere einer Luftleitungsmuffe an einer Haupt- oder Bremsluftleitung eines Kuppelkopfgehäuses einer Mittelpufferkupplung, bei der die Muffe in einer Bohrung von der Stirnfläche des Kuppelkopfgehäuses her einsetzbar ist und an ihrer Außenfläche Vorsprünge aufweist zum Zwecke der Führung in Nuten, die sich in einem stirnflächenseitig gelegenem Bund der Bohrung befinden, und eine Verriegelung durch Verdrehen hinter dem Bund in einem erweiterten Teil der Bohrung erfolgt, in der ein Ringspalt zwischen Kuppelkopfgehäuse und einer in der Bohrung befindlichen Spiralfeder besteht, wobei die Muffe gegen die Kraft der Spiralfeder ins Bohrlochinnere einschiebbar ist und ständig an einem von der Spiralfeder umschlossenen Dichtungsrohr dichtend anliegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Federelement (1), das eine S-Form aufweist und aus einem längeren Federschenkel (1a) und einem kürzeren Arretierungsbügel (1b) besteht, durch eine der Nuten (14) in den Ringspalt (15) einfädelbar ist, mit seinem Federschenkel (1a) teilweise im Führungsabschnitt (11) der Spiralfeder (9) verklemmt und mit seinem Arretierungsbügel (1b) in der Nut (14), durch die es einfädelbar ist, verschiebungssicher verspannt ist.Securing an air line sleeve, in particular an air line sleeve on a main or brake air line of a dome head housing of a central buffer coupling, in which the sleeve can be used in a bore from the end face of the dome head housing and has projections on its outer surface for the purpose of guiding in grooves that are in one are located on the end face side of the bore, and locking is carried out by turning behind the collar in an enlarged part of the bore, in which there is an annular gap between the coupling head housing and a spiral spring located in the bore, the sleeve being insertable into the bore hole against the force of the spiral spring and is in permanent contact with a sealing tube enclosed by the spiral spring, characterized in that a spring element (1), which has an S-shape and consists of a longer spring leg (1a) and a shorter locking bracket (1b), through one of the grooves ( 14) i n the annular gap (15) can be threaded, with its spring leg (1a) partly jammed in the guide section (11) of the spiral spring (9) and with its locking bracket (1b) in the groove (14), through which it can be threaded, is securely clamped .
EP94112619A 1993-09-03 1994-08-12 Securing of a socket on to an air duct Expired - Lifetime EP0641703B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4329764A DE4329764C1 (en) 1993-09-03 1993-09-03 Air-pipe socket locking device
DE4329764 1993-09-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0641703A1 true EP0641703A1 (en) 1995-03-08
EP0641703B1 EP0641703B1 (en) 1996-06-12

Family

ID=6496753

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94112619A Expired - Lifetime EP0641703B1 (en) 1993-09-03 1994-08-12 Securing of a socket on to an air duct

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0641703B1 (en)
AU (1) AU676589B2 (en)
DE (2) DE4329764C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2091074T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE525525C2 (en) * 2003-07-14 2005-03-08 Dellner Couplers Ab Leash head for vehicle leash

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1417433A (en) * 1920-03-24 1922-05-23 Willie F Wall Automatic hose coupling
US1918685A (en) * 1931-05-04 1933-07-18 Cons Connector Patent Corp Gasket for train pipe conduits
FR2658899A1 (en) * 1990-02-28 1991-08-30 Autobrevets Device for coupling and automatically locking two coaxial tubes

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1605197A1 (en) * 1966-03-23 1971-03-18 Mini Verkehrswesen Extendable pipe for a power coupling coupled with an automatic central buffer coupling

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1417433A (en) * 1920-03-24 1922-05-23 Willie F Wall Automatic hose coupling
US1918685A (en) * 1931-05-04 1933-07-18 Cons Connector Patent Corp Gasket for train pipe conduits
FR2658899A1 (en) * 1990-02-28 1991-08-30 Autobrevets Device for coupling and automatically locking two coaxial tubes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2091074T3 (en) 1996-10-16
AU7163594A (en) 1995-03-16
AU676589B2 (en) 1997-03-13
DE59400351D1 (en) 1996-07-18
DE4329764C1 (en) 1994-07-07
EP0641703B1 (en) 1996-06-12

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