EP0638632A2 - Compositions d'huile pour moteur concentrés d'additifs pour la production de telles huiles et leur utilisation - Google Patents

Compositions d'huile pour moteur concentrés d'additifs pour la production de telles huiles et leur utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0638632A2
EP0638632A2 EP94305974A EP94305974A EP0638632A2 EP 0638632 A2 EP0638632 A2 EP 0638632A2 EP 94305974 A EP94305974 A EP 94305974A EP 94305974 A EP94305974 A EP 94305974A EP 0638632 A2 EP0638632 A2 EP 0638632A2
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EP
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Prior art keywords
calcium
tbn
oil
overbased
per gram
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Granted
Application number
EP94305974A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0638632A3 (fr
EP0638632B1 (fr
Inventor
Susan M. Nicholson
Roger Scattergood
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Afton Chemical Ltd
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Afton Chemical Ltd
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    • C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
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    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
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    • C10N2040/28—Rotary engines

Definitions

  • This invention relates to lubricant compositions, and more particularly to lubricants and additive concentrates of enhanced performance characteristics.
  • An objective therefore is to provide novel compositions capable of effectively controlling wear and formation of undesirable quantities of such varnish, sludge, and carbonaceous deposits.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,080,815 to Fenoglio et al describes dispersants having improved compatibility toward a particular fluoroelastomer. Those dispersants are formed by reacting a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid compound such as a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid anhydride with aminoguanidine or a basic salt thereof in a ratio of about 1.5 to about 2.2 moles of aminoguanidine or basic salt thereof per mole of hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid compound.
  • a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid compound such as a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid anhydride
  • aminoguanidine or a basic salt thereof in a ratio of about 1.5 to about 2.2 moles of aminoguanidine or basic salt thereof per mole of hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid compound.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 4,908,145 to Fenoglio describes dispersants for lubricating oils that are also compatible with that fluorohydrocarbon elastomer. These dispersants are enriched in alkyl-bis-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (e.g., polybutenyl-bis-3-amino-1,3,4-triazoles) and are formed by reacting an alkyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid compound, such as a polyisobutenyl succinic acid compound, with a basic salt of aminoguanidine at a ratio of from about 1.6 to about 2 moles of aminoguanidine compound per mole of the alkyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid compound.
  • alkyl-bis-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole e.g., polybutenyl-bis-3-amino-1,3,4-triazoles
  • this invention provides a lubricant composition which comprises a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity containing at least the following components:
  • the lubricant composition further comprises up to 0.1 wt% of magnesium as an overbased magnesium detergent additive complement having a TBN of at least 300 mg of KOH per gram.
  • the lubricant composition further comprises at least one oil-soluble antioxidant and at least one foam inhibitor, and/or at least one viscosity index improver.
  • the lubricant compositions have a TBN in the range of 6 to 15 mg of KOH per gram.
  • Preferred zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphates are mixtures of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates containing primary and secondary alkyl groups and in which at least 35 mol % of the alkyl groups are secondary alkyl groups.
  • the basic calcium detergent additive complement in the compositions of this invention is comprised of a mixture of (i) and (ii), or (i) and (iii), or (i), (ii) and (iii), wherein (i) is an overbased calcium sulfonate detergent composition having a TBN of at least 280 mg of KOH per gram thereof, and is present in amount such that at least 40 wt% of the calcium is derived therefrom; (ii) is an overbased calcium sulfurized phenate detergent composition having a TBN of at least 100 mg, preferably at least 200 mg, of KOH per gram thereof, and if present is present in amount such that up to 50 wt% of the calcium is derived therefrom; and (iii) is a low base calcium sulfonate detergent having a TBN of up to 40 mg of KOH per gram thereof, and if present is present in amount such that up to 25 wt% of the calcium is derived therefrom.
  • At least 50 wt% of the magnesium of the overbased magnesium detergent additive complement is comprised of an overbased magnesium sulfonate detergent composition having a TBN of at least 300 mg of KOH per gram thereof.
  • Preferred oil-soluble dispersant products used pursuant to this invention are formed by reacting aminoguanidine and/ or a basic salt thereof with an alkenyl succinic acylating agent in a mol ratio in the range of 0.8 to 1.2 mols of aminoguanidine and/or basic salt thereof per mole of the acylating agent.
  • the alkenyl group of the acylating agent is derived from a polyolefin having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of 900 to 2500.
  • additive concentrates which comprise at least the following components:
  • these additive concentrates have a TBN in the range of 50 to 120 mg KOH per gram.
  • additive components such as described above can be used in formulating motor oil compositions that can pass at least the following tests: the Test Sequence VE engine test as described in ASTM Specification D4485-91 for the Performance of Automotive Engine Oils (hereinafter "Sequence VE engine test”); the Volkswagen P-VW 5106 cam and tappet wear test (hereinafter “P-VW 5106 test”); the Test L-38 engine test as described in ASTM Specification D4485-91 for the Performance of Automotive Engine Oils (hereinafter “L-38 engine test”); the CEC L-35-U-92 test for motor oil evaluation in a turbocharged passenger-car diesel engine using a Volkswagen 1.6 liter diesel engine P-VW 1431 (hereinafter “P-VW 1431 engine test”); the Volkswagen specification for elastomer compatibility tests for motor oils P-VW 3344 (hereinafter "P-VW 3344 seal test); and the DKA 06/79 high temperature piston deposit engine test using a
  • the additive components such as described above can be used in formulating motor oil compositions that can pass at least the following tests: the CEC L-38-T-87 gasoline engine valve train scuffing test using the PSA TU3 engine (hereinafter "Peugeot TU3 test”); the Mercedes-Benz VDA 521-01 elastomer compatibility tests for SRE NBR-34 nitrile butadiene rubber (hereinafter "M-B NBR-34 seal test”) and for FPM AK-6 fluoroelastomer (hereinafter “M-B AK-6 seal test”); and the MAN QC 13-017 elastomer compatibility tests for SRE NBR-28 nitrile butadiene rubber (hereinafter "MAN NBR-28 seal test”) and for FPM AK-6 fluoroelastomer (hereinafter "MAN AK-6 seal test”).
  • M-B NBR-34 seal test Mercedes-Benz VDA 521-01 elastomer compatibility tests for SRE NBR-34
  • the base oils used in forming the lubricant compositions of this invention can be natural or synthetic oils of lubricating viscosity, or suitable blends thereof.
  • the base oils can be hydrocarbon oils derived from petroleum (or tar sands, coal, shale, etc.).
  • the base oils can be or include natural oils of suitable viscosities such as rapeseed oil, etc., and synthetic oils such as hydrogenated polyolefin oils; poly- ⁇ -olefins (e.g., hydrogenated or unhydrogenated ⁇ -olefin oligomers such as hydrogenated poly-1-decene); alkyl esters of dicarboxylic acids; complex esters of dicarboxylic acid, polyglycol and alcohol; and the like. Mixtures of mineral, natural and/or synthetic oils in any suitable proportions are also useable.
  • natural oils of suitable viscosities such as rapeseed oil, etc.
  • synthetic oils such as hydrogenated polyolefin oils; poly- ⁇ -olefins (e.g., hydrogenated or unhydrogenated ⁇ -olefin oligomers such as hydrogenated poly-1-decene); alkyl esters of dicarboxylic acids; complex esters of dicarboxylic acid, polyglycol and alcohol;
  • the base oil is preferably a petroleum-derived mineral oil of the types conventionally used in forming passenger car, heavy duty diesel engine oils, or drivetrain lubricants.
  • AG dispersant is used to designate a product made by reacting aminoguanidine or a basic salt thereof with a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride in a mole ratio of from about 0.4 to 1.3 moles of the aminoguanidine or basic salt thereof per mole of the succinic acid or anhydride compound.
  • borated AG dispersant is used to designate a product made in two stages, namely, (i) reacting aminoguanidine or a basic salt thereof with a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid or anhydride in a mole ratio of from about 0.4 to 1.3 moles of the aminoguanidine or basic salt thereof per mole of the succinic acid or anhydride compound; and (ii) borating the product so produced.
  • a suitably proportioned mixture of an aliphatic hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic acid derivative (acid, anhydride, lower alkyl ester, or acyl halide) and aminoguanidine or a basic salt thereof is heated, preferably under an inert atmosphere, at a temperature in the range of about 120 to about 200°C.
  • an inert atmosphere such as a light mineral oil. Reaction times are typically in the range of from 1 to 4 hours.
  • Suitable inert atmospheres include nitrogen, argon, krypton, neon, etc.
  • AG dispersants are characterized by having a peak in the region of 1590 cm ⁇ 1. Additionally, the spectrum may exhibit a peak in the range of 1690 cm ⁇ 1, but AG dispersants can be used that do not exhibit this latter peak. When made at mol ratios of about 1:1 or lower, a peak at 1725 cm ⁇ 1 appears. The 1590 cm ⁇ 1 peak is nearly absent in the Examples of U.S. Pat. No. 5,080,815.
  • the chemical structure of the products of this invention is unknown, but on the basis of their infrared spectra, they do not appear to have any significant content of triazole moieties, as is shown by the absence of the 1640 cm ⁇ 1 IR peak present in the Examples of U.S. Pat. No. 5,080,815.
  • Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated using a chemically equivalent amount of PSA formed from polyisobutylene having a number average molecular weight of about 1290 in lieu of the higher molecular weight PSA of Example 1.
  • Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated except that the AGB:PSA mole ratio is 1.1:1.
  • Example 3 is repeated except that the PSA of Example 2 is employed.
  • Product formed as in Example 3 is borated by heating 2290 g of the 44% active product so formed with 212.5 g of a superborated polyisobutenyl succinic ester-amide containing approximately 2.5% of boron at 160°C for 2 hours.
  • the resultant product is diluted with 154 g oil to give a product containing 0.2% boron.
  • Example 5 is repeated, but using 2000 g of product formed as in Example 4 and 185.6 g of the superborated ester-amide.
  • the boron content of the borated product is 0.2% on dilution with 134 g oil.
  • Example 7 is repeated with the exception that 2000 g of active product formed as in Example 2 is used instead of the higher molecular weight product of Example 1.
  • Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated seven times in the same manner except that the proportions of AGB and PSA are varied such that the respective AGB:PSA mole ratios are 0.4:1, 0.5:1. 0.6:1, 0.7:1, 1.0:1, 0.9:1 and 1:1.
  • Examples 9-15 are repeated, but using product formed as in Example 2 in place of the product formed as in Example 1.
  • Example 1 is repeated except that 1.0 mole of AGB is reacted with 1.0 mole of PSA. Boration is carried out as described in Example 5 to provide a preferred product of this invention.
  • an oil-soluble zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate in which at least 35 mol % of the hydrocarbyl groups present are secondary hydrocarbyl groups, such as isopropyl, sec-butyl, and/or 4-methyl-2-pentyl groups.
  • a mixture of zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphates is employed.
  • One way of achieving such mixtures is to combine appropriate proportions of an all-primary zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate with an all-secondary zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.
  • a suitably proportioned mixture of primary and secondary alcohols can be used in forming the dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid intermediate used in the production of the zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.
  • the dithiophosphoric acids from which the zinc salts are formed can be prepared by the reaction of about 4 moles of one or more alcohols per mole of phosphorus pentasulfide, and the reaction may be carried out within a temperature range of from about 50 to about 120°C. The reaction generally is completed in about 1 to 10 hours. Hydrogen sulfide is liberated during the reaction.
  • Primary alcohols which may be used in forming the dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid intermediate include propanol, butanol, isobutyl alcohol, pentanol, neopentanol, hexanol, heptanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, isooctyl alcohol, nonanol, decanol, undecanol, dodecanol, tridecanol, tetradecanol, octadecanol, eicosanol, and the like.
  • each alkyl group in the dithiophosphoric acid intermediate typically contains in the range of 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, preferably in the range of 3 to about 12, and most preferably in the range of 3 to about 8 carbon atoms.
  • the preparation of the zinc salts of the dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid intermediates is usually effected by reacting the acid product with a suitable zinc compound such as zinc oxide or zinc hydroxide. Simply mixing and heating such reactants is normally sufficient to cause the reaction to occur, and the resulting product is usually of sufficient purity for use without further purification.
  • the salts are formed in the presence of a diluent such as an alcohol, water or a light mineral oil.
  • Neutral salts are prepared by reacting one equivalent of zinc oxide or hydroxide with one equivalent of the acid.
  • Basic metal salts are prepared by adding an excess (i.e., more than one equivalent) of the metal oxide or hydroxide with one equivalent of the dialkyl dithiophosphoric acid. Typical procedures for producing zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates are given in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,085,053; 4,104,291; 4,215,067; and 4,634,541.
  • incorporation of certain ingredients such as small amounts of metal acetate or acetic acid in conjunction with the zinc reactant will facilitate the reaction and provide an improved product.
  • certain ingredients such as small amounts of metal acetate or acetic acid
  • use of up to about 5% of zinc acetate in combination with the required amount of zinc oxide tends to facilitate the formation of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates.
  • one or more of the zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates may be treated with an epoxide (e.g., an alkylene oxide having up to about 8 carbon atoms in the molecule) to form an adduct.
  • an epoxide e.g., an alkylene oxide having up to about 8 carbon atoms in the molecule
  • zinc salts is a mixture of dialkyl dithiophosphates wherein the zinc salts contain from about 4.8 to about 6.6% by weight of isobutyl groups, from about 4.8 to about 6.7% by weight of 2-ethyl-1-hexyl groups, from about 14.0 to about 14.5% by weight of isopropyl groups, and from about 16.7 to about 20.1% by weight of 4-methyl-2-pentyl groups.
  • Another particularly preferred mixture of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates is a mixture which contains from about 4.6 to about 6.4% by weight of isobutyl groups, from about 2.2 to about 3.1% by weight of primary amyl groups, from about 1.4 to about 2.0% by weight of primary octyl groups, from about 11.6 to about 12.7% by weight of isopropyl groups, and from about 21.4 to about 23.4% by weight of 4-methyl-2-pentyl groups.
  • the weight percentages of the respective alkyl groups as set forth in this paragraph are based on the total weight of the zinc salts which, for the purposes of calculation only, are assumed to have the general formula: where each R is one of the designated alkyl groups.
  • the amount of any solvent or diluent that may be present in the mixture of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates is omitted, and the assumption is made -- solely for the purposes of the calculations -- that the zinc dialkyl dithiophosphates are not overbased, or treated with an epoxide or zinc carboxylate, although in fact they may be overbased and/or treated in such manner.
  • One way of forming a typical mixture of zinc salts characterized by having on a weight basis about 4.8 to about 6.6% by weight of isobutyl groups, from about 4.8 to about 6.7% by weight of 2-ethyl-1-hexyl groups, from about 14.0 to about 14.5% by weight of isopropyl groups, and from about 16.7 to about 20.1% by weight of 4-methyl-2-pentyl groups is to mix LUBRIZOL® 1060 zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and HiTEC® 685 zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in a weight ratio (using both additives on an as received basis) of 1.79:1, respectively.
  • one way of forming a typical mixture of zinc salts having on a weight basis from about 4.6 to about 6.4% by weight of isobutyl groups, from about 2.2 to about 3.1% by weight of primary amyl groups, from about 1.4 to about 2.0% by weight of primary octyl groups, from about 11.6 to about 12.7% by weight of isopropyl groups, and from about 21.4 to about 23.4% by weight of 4-methyl-2-pentyl groups is to mix HiTEC® 7169 zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and either HiTEC® 7198 or 7197 zinc dialkyldithiophosphate in a weight ratio (again, both additives being weighed on an as received basis) of 3.29:1, respectively.
  • LUBRIZOL is a trademark of The Lubrizol Corporation and HiTEC is a trademark of Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Ltd.,and Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc.
  • This component comprises one or more calcium salts of at least one acidic organic compound.
  • These include low-based and overbased calcium sulfonates, low-base and overbased calcium phenates, low-base and overbased calcium sulfurized phenates, and low-base and overbased calcium carboxylates.
  • the term "overbased” is used to designate metal salts wherein the metal is present in stoichiometrically larger amounts than the organic acid radical. Thus this term is inclusive of those material which have been referred to in the art as overbased, superbased, hyperbased, etc.
  • the actual stoichiometric excess of metal in the overbased salt can vary considerably, for example, from about 0.1 equivalent to about 50 or more equivalents depending on the materials used, the reactions utilized, and the process conditions employed.
  • the overbased calcium salts useful in this invention contain from about 1.1 to about 40 or more equivalents of calcium, more preferably from about 1.5 to about 30 and most preferably from about 2 to about 25 equivalents of calcium for each equivalent of material which is overbased
  • overbased materials are prepared by treating with an acidic material, a reaction mixture comprising the organic material to be overbased, a reaction medium consisting essentially of at least one inert, organic solvent for the organic material to be overbased, a stoichiometric excess of a metal base, and a promoter.
  • the most commonly employed methods involve use of a mineral oil as the reaction medium and a stoichiometric excess of metal oxide, hydroxide, alkoxide, carbonate, bicarbonate, or sulfide as the metal base.
  • Suitable acidic materials used in producing the overbased salts include such acids as formic acid, acetic acid, oleic acid, palmitic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, carbamic acid, substituted carbamic acids, boric acid, SO2, SO3, CO2, H2S, N2O3, and the like.
  • the most preferred acid material for use in forming the overbased calcium salts is carbon dioxide.
  • Examples of compounds useful as the promoter include phenolic substances such as phenol, naphthol, alkylphenol, thiophenol, sulfurized alkylphenol, and condensation products of formaldehyde with a phenolic substance; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol.
  • reaction mass is filtered on completion of the overbasing operation.
  • suitable promoters see U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,616,904; 2,695,910 and 2,777,874.
  • a particularly effective method for preparing the overbased calcium salts comprises mixing an acid with an excess of a basic calcium neutralizing agent such as calcium oxide or hydroxide and at least one alcohol promoter, and carbonating the mixture at an elevated temperature such as 60° to 300°C, and preferably about 100 to about 200°C.
  • a basic calcium neutralizing agent such as calcium oxide or hydroxide and at least one alcohol promoter
  • the overbased calcium salts can also be formed by overbasing a preformed low base or non-overbased calcium salt.
  • the overbased calcium sulfonates can be derived from suitable aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic sulfonic acids and/or the salts thereof.
  • such acids can be represented by the formulas R(SO3H) n and (R') x T(SO3H) y
  • R is an aliphatic or aliphatic-substituted cycloaliphatic group free from acetylenic unsaturation and having up to about 60 carbon atoms
  • n is at least one, and is generally in the range of 1 to 3
  • R' is an aliphatic group free from acetylenic unsaturation (typically alkyl or alkenyl) and having about 4 to about 60 carbon atoms
  • T is a cyclic nucleus which may be derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene, toluene, xylene, naphthalene, anthracene, biphenyl, etc.,
  • T is an aromatic hydrocarbon nucleus such as benzene or naphthalene; and x and y have an average value of about 1 to 4 per molecule, most often an average of about 1.
  • acids are petroleum sulfonic acids, paraffin wax sulfonic acids, wax-substituted cyclohexyl sulfonic acids, cetylcyclopentyl sulfonic acids, wax-substituted aromatic sulfonic acids, mahogany sulfonic acids, tetraisobutylene sulfonic acids, tetraamylene sulfonic acids, and the like.
  • the overbased calcium salts are formed from alkylaryl sulfonic acids, such as alkylbenzene sulfonic acids.
  • alkyl group or groups present on the aromatic ring typically each contain from about 8 to about 40 carbon atoms.
  • Suitable overbased calcium sulfonates having total base numbers of at least about 150 milligrams of KOH per gram of the overbased composition are available as articles of commerce from a number of well known suppliers.
  • HiTEC® 611 additive Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc.
  • Overbased calcium phenates are typically formed by overbasing calcium alkylphenates and/or calcium alkenylphenates where the aromatic ring is substituted with one or more alkyl or alkenyl groups (usually 1 to 2) that render the finished product soluble or at least stably dispersible in oil.
  • the alkyl or alkenyl substituents on the aromatic ring typically contain at least about 6 carbon atoms and may contain as many as 500 or more carbon atoms.
  • Preferred substituents are derived from alpha-olefins such as are formed by wax cracking or chain growth of ethylene on aluminum alkyls such as triethyl aluminum, or from olefin oligomers such as olefin dimers, trimers, tetramers and/or pentamers.
  • alpha-olefins such as are formed by wax cracking or chain growth of ethylene on aluminum alkyls such as triethyl aluminum, or from olefin oligomers such as olefin dimers, trimers, tetramers and/or pentamers.
  • higher polymers such as polypropenes, polyisobutenes, polyamylenes, and copolymers such as copolymers of ethylene and propylene, etc., are also useful as source materials for forming the substituted phenols from which the calcium phenate is produced.
  • the phenate will have an alkyl or alkenyl substituent having in
  • the phenolic ring may also additionally contain short chain substituents such as methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, butyl, etc. substituents.
  • the phenate may be a derivative of a polyhydroxy aromatic compound, such as catechol, resorcinol, or hydroquinone.
  • the overbased sulfurized calcium phenates can be formed from the substituted phenols described above by reacting the substituted phenol with sulfur monochloride, sulfur dichloride or elemental sulfur.
  • the phenol:sulfur compound molar ratio is usually in the range of about 1:0.5 to about 1:1.5 or more. Reaction temperatures in the range of about 60 to about 200°C are usually employed. Generally the phenol:sulfur group molar ratio in the sulfurized phenate is in the range of about 2:1 to about 1:2.
  • the overall process for producing the overbased sulfurized calcium phenate can be conducted in multiple stages as by forming the sulfurized phenol and then conducting the overbasing process which itself can be operated in stages with multiple introduction of additional reactants, promoters, etc.
  • the sulfurization and overbasing can be conducted concurrently by charging the reactants such that the sulfurized phenol or phenate is formed in situ and is overbased as the reaction proceeds. All such process details are well known and reported in the literature.
  • Suitable overbased carboxylic acids which can be used in this invention include overbased aliphatic carboxylic acids, overbased cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids, overbased aromatic carboxylic acids, and overbased heterocyclic carboxylic acids.
  • Such acids can be monocarboxylic or polycarboxylic acids, and the principal requirement is that the acid have sufficient chain length to be soluble or at least stably dispersible in lubricating oil.
  • the acids generally contain from about 8 to about 50, and preferably from about 12 to about 30, carbon atoms, although certain acids such as alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted succinic acids can have an average of up to 500 or more carbon atoms per molecule.
  • the acids are usually free of acetylenic unsaturation.
  • Examples include linolenic acid, capric acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, lauric acid, ricinoleic acid, undecylic acid, palmitoleic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, myristic acid, isostearic acid, behenic acid, pelargonic acid, propylene tetramer-substituted succinic acid, isobutene trimer-substituted succinic acid, octylcyclopentane carboxylic acid, stearyl-octahydroindenecarboxylic acid, tall oil acids, rosin acids, polybutenyl succinic acids derived from polybutene having a GPC number average molecular weight in the range of 200 to 1500, acids formed by oxidation of wax, and like acids.
  • the preferred overbased carboxylic acids are the overbased aromatic carboxylic acids in which the aromatic nucleus is substituted by at least one carboxyl group (usually 1 to 4, preferably 1 to 2) and by at least one aliphatic hydrocarbyl group (usually 1 to 2, preferably one), preferably derived from a polyalkene, and most preferably having an average in the range of about 40 to about 400 carbon atoms.
  • the aromatic nucleus is also substituted by at least one hydroxyl group (usually 1 to 2, preferably one).
  • substituted aromatic carboxylic acids include substituted benzoic, phthalic, and salicylic acids.
  • aromatic carboxylic acids are the overbased calcium salts of aliphatic-substituted salicylic acids wherein the substituent is derived from polyalkenes, particularly polymerized lower 1-monoolefins, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, ethylene-propylene copolymers, etc., having average carbon contents of about 50 to about 400 carbon atoms.
  • Overbased calcium calixerates such as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,114,601 are also suitable.
  • Suitable low base calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate detergent compositions are formed by preparing an alkali or alkaline earth metal salt of an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid and if desired, subjecting the salt in the presence of a small excess of an alkali or alkaline earth metal base such as an oxide, hydroxide or alcoholate to the action of an acidic material such as carbon dioxide so that a small amount of overbasing occurs.
  • This controlled overbasing can be conducted using the same materials in much the same way as the overbasing described above, except of course the amount of metal base is such that the desired total base number of the resultant composition is achieved.
  • Suitable low base materials of the foregoing types are available as articles of commerce.
  • HiTEC® 614 additive (Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc.) is a good example of a commercially-available calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate.
  • Low-base calcium sulfurized alkylphenates are also suitable components in the compositions of this invention.
  • the overbased magnesium salts utilized pursuant to this invention are generally similar in character to the overbased calcium salts.
  • the overbased magnesium salts are overbased magnesium salts of at least one acidic organic compound, and thus include overbased magnesium sulfonates, overbased magnesium phenates, overbased magnesium sulfurized phenates, overbased magnesium carboxylates, and overbased magnesium calixerates.
  • the processes by which overbased magnesium salts are produced are in many respects similar to the processes used in forming the overbased calcium salts. However, despite these similarities it is desirable pursuant to this invention to utilize a combination of at least one overbased calcium salt and at least one overbased magnesium salt.
  • overbased magnesium salts can be utilized for producing the overbased magnesium salts.
  • Desirable processes for producing overbased magnesium sulfonates are described for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,137,186; 4,201,682; and 4,474,710.
  • Other suitable overbased magnesium salts and/or other methods for producing suitable overbased magnesium salts are described for example in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,647,387; 4,775,490; 4,957,642; 5,032,299; 5,089,155; and 5,173,203.
  • Synthesis of overbased magnesium calixerates is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,114,601.
  • a variety of suitable overbased magnesium salts are available as articles of commerce from a number of different suppliers.
  • the preferred overbased magnesium salts are overbased magnesium alkylbenzene sulfonate detergent compositions having a total base number of at least about 300 milligrams of KOH per gram thereof, and most preferably a total base number in the range of about 350 to about 500 milligrams of KOH per gram thereof. Since such compositions are formed in an inert diluent, usually a mineral oil diluent, the total base number reflects the basicity of the overall composition including diluent, and any other materials (e.g., promoter, etc.) that may be contained in the detergent composition.
  • additives can be used in the compositions of this invention. These include alkali metal detergents, oxidation inhibitors, friction modifiers, rust inhibitors, foam inhibitors, copper corrosion inhibitors, demulsifying agents, and the like.
  • Alkali metal detergents include sodium, potassium and lithium alkylbenzene sulfonates and sulfurized alkyl phenates.
  • Oxidation inhibitors include phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants, organic copper compounds, organo borates, organo phosphites, organo phosphates, organo thio- or dithiophosphates, and the like.
  • phenolic antioxidants include alkylated monophenols, alkylated hydroquinones, sulfur-bridged alkylphenols, methylene-bridged alkylphenols, and hydroxybenzyl-substituted aromatic compounds.
  • Amine antioxidants include phenylene diamines, amino diphenylamines, phenyl-substituted naphthalenes, alkyl-substituted aromatic secondary amines, aminophenols, and the like.
  • Friction modifiers comprise such substances as phosphoric acid esters, phosphorous acid esters, amine salts of phosphoric acid esters, amine salts of phosphorous esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, pentaerythritol fatty acid esters, glycerine fatty acid esters, trimethylolpropane fatty acid esters, glycol fatty acid esters, carboxylic acids, carboxylic esters, carboxylic acid amides, metal salts of carboxylic acids, fats and oils, higher alcohols, and sulfur-containing compounds, all of which are described for example in U.S. Pat. No. 5,064,546. Further types and/or illustrations of suitable friction modifiers are given in U.S. Pat. Nos.
  • Preferred friction modifiers include glycerol monooleate and sulfurized long-chain (e.g., C12-C20) monoolefins.
  • Rust inhibitors suitable for use in the compositions of this invention may be a single compound or a mixture of compounds having the property of inhibiting corrosion of ferrous metal surfaces.
  • Such materials include oil-soluble monocarboxylic acids such as 2-ethylhexanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, behenic acid, cerotic acid, etc., and oil-soluble polycarboxylic acids including dimer and trimer acids, such as are produced from tall oil fatty acids, oleic acid, linoleic acid, or the like. Amine salts of such acids are also useful.
  • alkenylsuccinic acids in which the alkenyl group contains 10 or more carbon atoms such as, for example, tetrapropenylsuccinic acid, tetradecenylsuccinic acid, hexadecenylsuccinic acid, and the like; long-chain ⁇ , ⁇ -dicarboxylic acids in the molecular weight range of 600 to 3000; and other similar materials.
  • Products of this type are currently available from various commercial sources, such as, for example, the dimer and trimer acids sold under the HYSTRENE trademark by the Humco Chemical Division of Witco Chemical Corporation and under the EMPOL trademark by Emery Chemicals.
  • acidic corrosion inhibitors are the half esters of alkenyl succinic acids having 8 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkenyl group with alcohols such as the polyglycols.
  • the corresponding half amides of such alkenyl succinic acids are also useful.
  • Other suitable corrosion inhibitors include ether amines; acid phosphates; amines; polyethoxylated compounds such as ethoxylated amines, ethoxylated phenols, and ethoxylated alcohols; imidazolines; aminosuccinic acids or derivatives thereof, and the like. Materials of these types are known to those skilled in the art and a number of such materials are available as articles of commerce.
  • Foam inhibitors which can be used include silicones and organic polymers such as acrylate polymers.
  • Various antifoam agents are described in Foam Control Agents by H. T. Kerner (Noyes Data Corporation, 1976, pages 125-176).
  • Mixtures of silicone-type antifoam agents such as the liquid dialkyl silicone polymers with various other substances are also effective. Typical of such mixtures are silicones mixed with an acrylate polymer, silicones mixed with one or more amines, and silicones mixed with one or more amine carboxylates.
  • Other such mixtures include combinations of a dimethyl silicone oil with (i) a partial fatty acid ester of a polyhydric alcohol (U.S. Pat. No.
  • Copper corrosion inhibitors which can be used include thiazole, triazole and thiadiazole derivatives.
  • examples of such compounds include benzotriazole, tolyltriazole, octyltriazole, decyltriazole, dodecyltriazole, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2-mercapto-5-hydrocarbylthio-1,3,4-thiadiazoles, 2-mercapto-5-hydrocarbyldithio-1,3,4-thiadiazoles,2,5-bis(hydrocarbylthio)-1,3-4-thiadiazoles, and 2,5-bis(hydrocarbyldithio)-1,3,4-thiadiazoles.
  • the preferred compounds are the 1,3,4-thiadiazoles, especially the 2-hydrocarbyldithio-5-mercapto-1,3,4-dithiadiazoles and the 2,5-bis(hydrocarbyldithio)-1,3,4-thiadiazoles, a number of which are available as articles of commerce.
  • Such compounds are generally synthesized from hydrazine and carbon disulfide by known procedures. See for example U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,749,311; 2,760,933; 2,765,289; 2,850,453; 2,910,439; 3,663,561; 3,862,798; 3,840,549; and 4,097,387.
  • Other suitable inhibitors of copper corrosion include ether amines; polyethoxylated compounds such as ethoxylated amines, ethoxylated phenols, and ethoxylated alcohols; imidazolines; and the like.
  • Typical additives which may be employed as demulsifiers include alkyl benzene sulfonates, polyethylene oxides, polypropylene oxides, block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, salts and esters or oil soluble acids, and the like.
  • alkyl benzene sulfonates polyethylene oxides, polypropylene oxides, block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, salts and esters or oil soluble acids, and the like.
  • oxyalkylated trimethylol alkanes with molecular weights in the range of 1,000 to 10,000, and preferably in the range of 3,000 to 8,000.
  • the oxyalkylated trimethylol alkane is an oxyalkylated trimethylol ethane or propane, especially where the oxyalkylene groups are composed of a mixture of propyleneoxy and ethylenoxy groups and where these groups are so disposed as to form relatively hydrophobic blocks adjacent the trimethylol group and relatively hydrophilic blocks remote the trimethylol group.
  • Typical oxyalkylated trimethylol propane demulsifiers are described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,101,374. Commercially available products of this type are available from BASF Corporation under the Pluradot trademark. They are available in various molecular weights.
  • Pluradot HA-510 has an average molecular weight of 4,600 and Pluradot HA-530 has an average molecular weight of about 5,300.
  • Pluradot additives are propoxylated and ethoxylated trimethylol propanes.
  • demulsifers are oxyalkylated alkyl phenol-formaldehyde condensation products. Typically, 4,000 to about 6,000 and are comprised of lower alkyl substituted phenol moieties joined together by methylene groups and in which the hydroxyl groups of the phenolic moieties have been ethoxylated.
  • One such commercial product is marketed by Ceca S.A. of Paris, France under the "Prochinor GR77" trade name. The product is supplied as a concentrate in an aromatic solvent and the active ingredient is believed to be an ethoxylated nonylphenol-formaldehyde condensate of molecular weight 4,200 (by gel permeation chromatography calibrated with polystyrene).
  • demulsifier is comprised of the tetra-polyoxyalkylene derivatives of ethylene diamine, especially the tetra-poly(oxyethylene)-poly(oxypropylene) derivatives of ethylene diamine.
  • Materials of this type are available commercially from BASF Corporation under the "Tetronics" trademark. Materials of this general type are described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,979,528.
  • alkylaryl sulfonates such as are available commercially from Petrolite Corporation under the TOLAD trademark, are also suitable.
  • demulsifying agents which can be used include esters such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,674,619 and 3,098,827.
  • Preferred demulsifiers are proprietary materials available from BASF Corporation under the Pluronic trademark. These are block copolymers of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide.
  • the lubricant compositions can contain one or more viscosity index improvers (polymeric materials which are often supplied in the form of a solution in a solvent or carrier fluid). Viscosity index improvers can and often do, but need not, contain substituent groups to confer additional properties such as dispersancy and/or antioxidancy.
  • active monomer such as maleic anhydride which may be further reacted with an alcohol or an alkylene polyamine
  • the finished lubricants of the invention may contain pour point depressants, materials which are used in oil-base compositions to improve low temperature properties. See, for example, the books Lubricant Additives by C. V. Smalheer and R. Kennedy Smith (Lezius-Hiles Co. Publishers, Cleveland, Ohio, 1967); Gear and Transmission Lubricants by C. T. Boner (Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, 1964); and Lubricant Additives by M. W. Ranney (Noyes Data Corporation, New Jersey, 1973) for discussions of this subject.
  • polymethacrylates polymethacrylates
  • polyacrylates condensation products of haloparaffin waxes and aromatic compounds
  • vinyl carboxylate polymers are also useful as pour point depressants.
  • terpolymers made by polymerizing a dialkyl fumarate, vinyl ester of a fatty acid and a vinyl alkyl ether. Techniques for preparing such polymers and their uses are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,250,715.
  • compositions of this invention can contain supplemental ashless dispersants such as alkaryl succinimides made from polyamines, succinic ester-amides, Mannich base dispersants, and the like. Methods for the manufacture of such dispersants are known and a number of suitable materials are commercially available. Such dispersants can be post-treated, such as by boration, or the like.
  • supplemental ashless dispersants such as alkaryl succinimides made from polyamines, succinic ester-amides, Mannich base dispersants, and the like.
  • additives can be used in the practice of this invention as long as they are compatible with the remainder of the composition and do not materially interfere with the performance of the composition.
  • the ancillary components utilized in the finished lubricants of this invention are typically employed in the following weight percentages based on the weight of the finished lubricant composition:
  • Ancillary Components General Range Preferred Range Oxidation Inhibitor 0 - 4 0.05 - 2 Friction Modifier 0 - 3 0 - 1 Rust Inhibitor 0 - 3 0.02 - 1 Foam Inhibitor 0 - 0.3 0.0002 - 0.1 Copper Corrosion Inhibitor 0 - 0.3 0 - 0.1 Demulsifying Agent 0 - 0.1 0 - 0.02 Viscosity Index Improver 0 - 15 0 - 12 Pour Point Depressant 0 - 5 0 - 2 Supplemental ashless dispersant 0 - 5 0 - 10
  • the additive concentrates of this invention will contain the various ingredients in amounts proportioned to yield finished lubricants having the proportions of the respective ingredients as set forth above.
  • the additive concentrates will contain less than 50 weight %, e.g., a total of from 2 to 45 weight %, of diluents or solvents such as light mineral oil with the balance of the composition being composed of the respective additives being utilized.
  • the following additive components are blended into a base oil blend of 150 and 600 solvent neutral mineral oils: 7.0% of AG dispersant, 1.0% of zinc di-(secondary alkyl)dithiophosphate wherein the alkyl groups are isopropyl and 4-methyl-2-pentyl groups (HiTEC® 7169 additive; Ethyl Petroleum Additives Ltd.; Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc.), 0.3% of mixed primary and secondary alkyl zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (HiTEC® 1656 additive), 1.3% of overbased calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate having a nominal TBN of 300 (HiTEC® 611 additive), 0.9% of low-base calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate having a nominal TBN of 20 (HiTEC® 7304 additive), 1.5% of overbased calcium sulphurized alkylphenate having a nominal TBN of 255, 0.4% of overbased magnesium alkylbenzene sulfonate having a nominal TBN of 400, 0.5% of
  • the AG dispersant is formed from aminoguanidine bicarbonate and polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride derived from polyisobutene having a GPC number average molecular weight of about 2100. These are reacted in a mol ratio of approximately 1:1, and the product is post-borated to a level of 0.2% boron.
  • the lubricant is formulated to 15W40 grade using TLA 347E viscosity index improver (Texaco Chemical Co.).
  • a finished 15W40 engine oil is produced as in Example I except that the antioxidant system used is composed of 0.6% of methylene-bridged alkyl phenol antioxidant (HiTEC® 4782 additive), 0.2% of tertiary butyl phenol antioxidant (HiTEC® 4733 additive), and 0.25% of the Naugalube 438L antioxidant.
  • Lubricant formulated in this matter having a TBN of 10.8 was subjected to the P-VW 3344 seal test and was found to yield passing results.
  • a lubricant is formulated as in Example IV with the exception that the AG dispersant is formed from a polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride in which the polyisobutenyl substituent is derived from the polyisobutene referred to in Example III.
  • Engine oil with a TBN of 9.1 formed in this manner gave passing results in the Peugeot TU3 test.
  • a finished crankcase lubricant is formulated to contain: 74.0% of 150 solvent neutral oil 5.0% of 500 solvent neutral oil 7.0% of AG dispersant of Example I 1.21% of zinc di-(secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate of Example I 0.8% of overbased calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate (46% oil) 0.6% of overbased magnesium alkylbenzene sulfonate of Example I 1.26% of overbased calcium alkylphenate of Example I 0.1% of alkylated diphenylamine antioxidant 0.3% of sulphurized ⁇ -olefin antioxidant 0.03% of additional separately added process oil diluent 9.7% of olefin copolymer viscosity index improver (ECA 6911; Exxon Chemical Co.) supplied with 89% oil carrier Lubricant formulated in this manner gave passing results in the P-VW 3344 seal test.
  • ECA 6911 olefin copolymer viscosity index improver
  • Example VI is repeated with the following changes:
  • the finished lubricant contains 1.31% of the mixed primary and secondary alkyl zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate of Example I in lieu of the zinc di-(secondary alkyl) dithiophosphate.
  • the detergent system in this finished lubricant is 2.60% of HiTEC® 611 additive and 0.64% of low-base calcium alkylbenzene sulfonate (HiTEC® 614 additive).
  • the antioxidant system in this finished lubricant is 0.80% of the methylene-bridged phenolic antioxidant of Example II and 0.25% of the bis (alkylphenyl) amine antioxidant of Example I.
  • the finished lubricant contains 0.004% of the methyl silicone foam inhibitor of Example 1 and 0.29% of additional separately added process oil diluent.
  • Lubricant formulated as in this example passed the P-VW 3344 seal test.
  • a lubricant is formed as in Example VII but substituting 7.0% of the AG dispersant of Example 3 for the AG dispersant of Example VII.
  • lubricant formulated in this manner was found to give passing results in the P-VW 3344 seal test.
  • oil-soluble means that the material can be dissolved in or be stably dispersed in the base oil used to at least the minimum concentration required for use as described herein.
  • the material has a solubility or dispersibility in the base oil well in excess of such minimum concentration.
  • oil-soluble does not signify that the material must dissolve or be dispersible in all proportions in the base oil.
  • additive components are supplied in the form of solutions of the active ingredient(s) in an inert diluent or solvent, such as a diluent oil.
  • a diluent oil such as a diluent oil
  • ashless dispersants and metal detergents are usually provided in the form of such solutions.
  • concentrations of each additive component are expressed on an "as received" basis -- i.e., the amount of solvent or diluent that may be associated with such component as received is included.
  • Total base numbers referred to herein are typically determined in accordance with ASTM test procedure D2896.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP94305974A 1993-08-13 1994-08-12 Compositions d'huile pour moteur concentrés d'additifs pour la production de telles huiles et leur utilisation Expired - Lifetime EP0638632B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9316985 1993-08-13
GB9316985A GB2280907B (en) 1993-08-13 1993-08-13 Motor oil compositions,additive concentrates for producing such motor oils,and the use thereof

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0638632A2 true EP0638632A2 (fr) 1995-02-15
EP0638632A3 EP0638632A3 (fr) 1995-07-05
EP0638632B1 EP0638632B1 (fr) 2000-03-01

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EP94305974A Expired - Lifetime EP0638632B1 (fr) 1993-08-13 1994-08-12 Compositions d'huile pour moteur concentrés d'additifs pour la production de telles huiles et leur utilisation

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0638632B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07150185A (fr)
AU (1) AU670883B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2130035A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69423153D1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2280907B (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0705322A1 (fr) * 1993-06-25 1996-04-10 Ethyl Corporation Lubrifiants pour carters-moteurs et transmissions, menageant les elements en fluoroelastomeres, et leurs utilisations
EP0725129A2 (fr) * 1995-02-01 1996-08-07 The Lubrizol Corporation Composition lubrificante à faible teneur en cendre
WO1997010318A1 (fr) * 1995-09-14 1997-03-20 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Compositions lubrifiantes pour carters
EP0819755A2 (fr) * 1996-07-15 1998-01-21 The Lubrizol Corporation Polymères concentrés dans l'huile ayant une viscosité améliorée
EP1454977A2 (fr) * 2003-03-07 2004-09-08 Chevron Oronite Company LLC Procédés et compositions pour réduire l'usure dans les moteurs diesel à grande puissance
BE1018579A5 (fr) * 2008-05-13 2011-04-05 Afton Chemical Corp Additifs pour carburant pour maintenir une performance optimale de l'injecteur.
BE1019610A5 (fr) * 2008-05-13 2012-09-04 Afton Chemical Corp Additifs pour carburant pour maintenir une performance optimale de l'injecteur.
WO2014025525A1 (fr) * 2012-08-06 2014-02-13 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Procédé pour améliorer la compatibilité d'un joint en nitrile avec des huiles lubrifiantes
WO2015160474A1 (fr) * 2014-04-18 2015-10-22 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Procede pour l'amelioration de performance anti-usure et de performance de demulsibilite
CN107922874A (zh) * 2015-07-16 2018-04-17 雅富顿化学公司 含镁的润滑剂及其用于改进低速提前点火的用途
US10336959B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2019-07-02 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with calcium-containing detergent and their use for improving low speed pre-ignition
US10370615B2 (en) 2017-01-18 2019-08-06 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with calcium-containing detergents and their use for improving low-speed pre-ignition
US10377963B2 (en) 2016-02-25 2019-08-13 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants for use in boosted engines
US10443011B2 (en) 2017-01-18 2019-10-15 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with overbased calcium and overbased magnesium detergents and method for improving low-speed pre-ignition
US10443558B2 (en) 2017-01-18 2019-10-15 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with calcium and magnesium-containing detergents and their use for improving low-speed pre-ignition and for corrosion resistance

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US8076274B2 (en) * 2006-07-20 2011-12-13 Infineum International Limited Lubricating oil composition
US8529643B2 (en) 2008-05-13 2013-09-10 Afton Chemical Corporation Fuel additives for treating internal deposits of fuel injectors
US20100107479A1 (en) * 2008-11-04 2010-05-06 Duncan Richardson Antifoam fuel additives
US20100107482A1 (en) * 2008-11-06 2010-05-06 Bennett Joshua J Conductivity-improving additives for fuel
GB2480612A (en) * 2010-05-24 2011-11-30 Afton Chemical Ltd Oxidation stabilized fuels having enhanced corrosion resistance
US8852297B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2014-10-07 Afton Chemical Corporation Fuel additives for treating internal deposits of fuel injectors
US8758456B2 (en) 2011-09-22 2014-06-24 Afton Chemical Corporation Fuel additive for improved performance of low sulfur diesel fuels
US10214703B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2019-02-26 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate and their use in boosted internal combustion engines
US10280383B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2019-05-07 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with molybdenum and their use for improving low speed pre-ignition
US10550349B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2020-02-04 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with titanium and/or tungsten and their use for improving low speed pre-ignition
US11155764B2 (en) 2016-05-05 2021-10-26 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants for use in boosted engines

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GB998869A (en) * 1962-05-07 1965-07-21 Monsanto Co Imido compounds, their production and use
GB1121681A (en) * 1965-08-31 1968-07-31 Lubrizol Corp Compositions containing substituted succinic acid derivatives
GB2118965A (en) * 1982-04-26 1983-11-09 Lubrizol Corp Ester-heterocycle compositions useful as }lead paint} inhibitors in lubricants
EP0277729A1 (fr) * 1987-01-21 1988-08-10 Ethyl Corporation Compositions lubrifiantes anti-usures ayant des teneurs faibles en phosphore
EP0317354A1 (fr) * 1987-11-20 1989-05-24 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Compositions lubrifiantes pour réduire la consommation de carburant
EP0516461A1 (fr) * 1991-05-29 1992-12-02 Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. Compositions d'huile lubrifiante et de concentrés et leur utilisation
WO1995000607A1 (fr) * 1993-06-25 1995-01-05 Ethyl Corporation Lubrifiants pour carters-moteurs et transmissions, menageant les elements en fluoroelastomeres, et leurs utilisations

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US5080815A (en) * 1987-09-30 1992-01-14 Amoco Corporation Method for preparing engine seal compatible dispersant for lubricating oils comprising reacting hydrocarbyl substituted discarboxylic compound with aminoguanirise or basic salt thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB998869A (en) * 1962-05-07 1965-07-21 Monsanto Co Imido compounds, their production and use
GB1121681A (en) * 1965-08-31 1968-07-31 Lubrizol Corp Compositions containing substituted succinic acid derivatives
GB2118965A (en) * 1982-04-26 1983-11-09 Lubrizol Corp Ester-heterocycle compositions useful as }lead paint} inhibitors in lubricants
EP0277729A1 (fr) * 1987-01-21 1988-08-10 Ethyl Corporation Compositions lubrifiantes anti-usures ayant des teneurs faibles en phosphore
EP0317354A1 (fr) * 1987-11-20 1989-05-24 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Compositions lubrifiantes pour réduire la consommation de carburant
EP0516461A1 (fr) * 1991-05-29 1992-12-02 Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. Compositions d'huile lubrifiante et de concentrés et leur utilisation
WO1995000607A1 (fr) * 1993-06-25 1995-01-05 Ethyl Corporation Lubrifiants pour carters-moteurs et transmissions, menageant les elements en fluoroelastomeres, et leurs utilisations

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0705322A1 (fr) * 1993-06-25 1996-04-10 Ethyl Corporation Lubrifiants pour carters-moteurs et transmissions, menageant les elements en fluoroelastomeres, et leurs utilisations
EP0705322A4 (fr) * 1993-06-25 1996-08-21 Ethyl Corp Lubrifiants pour carters-moteurs et transmissions, menageant les elements en fluoroelastomeres, et leurs utilisations
EP0725129A2 (fr) * 1995-02-01 1996-08-07 The Lubrizol Corporation Composition lubrificante à faible teneur en cendre
EP0725129A3 (fr) * 1995-02-01 1997-01-15 Lubrizol Corp Composition lubrificante à faible teneur en cendre
WO1997010318A1 (fr) * 1995-09-14 1997-03-20 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Compositions lubrifiantes pour carters
EP0819755A2 (fr) * 1996-07-15 1998-01-21 The Lubrizol Corporation Polymères concentrés dans l'huile ayant une viscosité améliorée
EP0819755A3 (fr) * 1996-07-15 1999-02-17 The Lubrizol Corporation Polymères concentrés dans l'huile ayant une viscosité améliorée
EP1454977A2 (fr) * 2003-03-07 2004-09-08 Chevron Oronite Company LLC Procédés et compositions pour réduire l'usure dans les moteurs diesel à grande puissance
EP1454977A3 (fr) * 2003-03-07 2007-12-26 Chevron Oronite Company LLC Procédés et compositions pour réduire l'usure dans les moteurs diesel à grande puissance
BE1019610A5 (fr) * 2008-05-13 2012-09-04 Afton Chemical Corp Additifs pour carburant pour maintenir une performance optimale de l'injecteur.
BE1018579A5 (fr) * 2008-05-13 2011-04-05 Afton Chemical Corp Additifs pour carburant pour maintenir une performance optimale de l'injecteur.
US8623105B2 (en) 2008-05-13 2014-01-07 Afton Chemical Corporation Fuel additives to maintain optimum injector performance
WO2014025525A1 (fr) * 2012-08-06 2014-02-13 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Procédé pour améliorer la compatibilité d'un joint en nitrile avec des huiles lubrifiantes
WO2015160474A1 (fr) * 2014-04-18 2015-10-22 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Procede pour l'amelioration de performance anti-usure et de performance de demulsibilite
CN107922874A (zh) * 2015-07-16 2018-04-17 雅富顿化学公司 含镁的润滑剂及其用于改进低速提前点火的用途
US10336959B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2019-07-02 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with calcium-containing detergent and their use for improving low speed pre-ignition
US10421922B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2019-09-24 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with magnesium and their use for improving low speed pre-ignition
US10377963B2 (en) 2016-02-25 2019-08-13 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants for use in boosted engines
US10370615B2 (en) 2017-01-18 2019-08-06 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with calcium-containing detergents and their use for improving low-speed pre-ignition
US10443011B2 (en) 2017-01-18 2019-10-15 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with overbased calcium and overbased magnesium detergents and method for improving low-speed pre-ignition
US10443558B2 (en) 2017-01-18 2019-10-15 Afton Chemical Corporation Lubricants with calcium and magnesium-containing detergents and their use for improving low-speed pre-ignition and for corrosion resistance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2280907A (en) 1995-02-15
GB2280907B (en) 1997-04-30
EP0638632A3 (fr) 1995-07-05
JPH07150185A (ja) 1995-06-13
GB9316985D0 (en) 1993-09-29
EP0638632B1 (fr) 2000-03-01
CA2130035A1 (fr) 1995-02-14
AU670883B2 (en) 1996-08-01
DE69423153D1 (de) 2000-04-06
AU7025094A (en) 1995-02-23

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