EP0636755B1 - Flooring tile with spacing elements - Google Patents
Flooring tile with spacing elements Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0636755B1 EP0636755B1 EP94107095A EP94107095A EP0636755B1 EP 0636755 B1 EP0636755 B1 EP 0636755B1 EP 94107095 A EP94107095 A EP 94107095A EP 94107095 A EP94107095 A EP 94107095A EP 0636755 B1 EP0636755 B1 EP 0636755B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spacers
- floor tile
- tile
- floor
- projections
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/08—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C2201/00—Paving elements
- E01C2201/02—Paving elements having fixed spacing features
Definitions
- the invention relates to a floor tile according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such floor tiles are known from practice.
- Spacers are arranged on the side surfaces to ensure a defined joint width between the surfaces of the tiles.
- the spacers are designed as projections extending over the entire width of the side surface. It is also known to arrange a plurality of upright projections at a distance from one another on the side surfaces, these projections running up to the surface of the plate.
- the projections are usually the same width over their entire height.
- a floor plate has become known, which is designed as a tile because it u. a. also for baths and swimming pools, kitchen and slaughterhouse areas.
- This tile has spacers running across the height of the side walls that end just below the top edge of the tile.
- FR-A-25 20 773 describes a concrete slab with a paving stone character, in which spacers are provided on the outside of a rectangular stone and end at a distance from the surface of the stone. The spacers are rounded in their end region. The side edges of the spacers are completely perpendicular.
- DE-B-12 65 765 describes a composite stone for the production of traffic routes which, like the device according to NL-A-70 17 542, is equipped with projections and recesses on its side edges. In the assembled state, these projections and recesses engage in one another, so that the side walls of the stone rest tightly against one another.
- the invention has for its object to improve a floor tile in such a way that the tightness of the floor covering and the durability of the joints is ensured under heavy loads.
- the lever effect with one-sided loading of the tile is intercepted according to the invention in that the spacers taper upwards, that is, their width decreases upwards.
- the spacers are supported with their side flanks in the jointing compound, so that the loaded tile is held securely.
- the spacers which become narrower at the top, enable the material masses of joint material to increase, so that the joint mass in the upper region, namely in the loaded area, becomes increasingly stable.
- a chamfer or a rounding in the transition between the surface and the side surfaces of the floor tile avoids sharp-edged and possibly straight edges, which could splinter off when the tiles are passed over by heavy equipment and thus the disadvantages described above for the introduction of liquids or for the creation of bacterial nests.
- transition between the spacers and the side surfaces is advantageously beveled or rounded, since this supports the most complete and possible filling of the joints with jointing compound, while at right-angled or acute-angled transitions there may be air pockets which can impair the stability of the jointing compound .
- projections in the form of elevations can be provided on the surface of the floor tile in order to improve the slip resistance of the entire floor.
- the longitudinal axes of the elevations advantageously run at an angle to all side edges of the surface, in order in this way to ensure the best possible slip resistance and easy cleaning of the surfaces.
- Fig. 1 generally designates a floor tile with a surface 2 and side faces 3.
- the floor tile 1 is hexagonal in order to be able to transmit the forces occurring to the surrounding tiles as evenly as possible under heavy loads in an industrial floor.
- Spacers 4 are arranged on the side surfaces 3 and extend from the bottom of the side surfaces to a certain distance from the surface 2.
- the spacers 4 taper conically from bottom to top in order to ensure the best possible interlocking with the jointing compound and in this way to reliably prevent an upward movement of the floor tile 1.
- the side edges of the spacers 4 are rounded in relation to the side surfaces 3 in order to create a smooth transition on which no air bubbles can stick when the grout is filled.
- Elongated rice grain-shaped elevations 7 are arranged on the surface 2 in several lines 6 in order to improve the slip resistance of the floor covering.
- the longitudinal axis of the individual elevations 7 is arranged obliquely so that it runs at an angle to each of the side edges of the surface 2.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Bodenfliese nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a floor tile according to the preamble of claim 1.
Derartige Bodenfliesen sind aus der Praxis bekannt. Abstandshalter werden an den Seitenflächen angeordnet, um eine definierte Fugenbreite zwischen den Oberflächen der Fliesen sicherzustellen. Die Abstandshalter werden dabei als über die gesamte Breite der Seitenfläche verlaufende Vorsprünge ausgebildet. Weiterhin ist es bekannt, mehrere aufrechte Vorsprünge im Abstand voneinander an den Seitenflächen anzuordnen, wobei diese Vorsprünge bis an die Oberfläche der Platte laufen. Die Vorsprünge sind dabei üblicherweise über ihre gesamte Höhe gleich breit.Such floor tiles are known from practice. Spacers are arranged on the side surfaces to ensure a defined joint width between the surfaces of the tiles. The spacers are designed as projections extending over the entire width of the side surface. It is also known to arrange a plurality of upright projections at a distance from one another on the side surfaces, these projections running up to the surface of the plate. The projections are usually the same width over their entire height.
Bei den bekannten Bodenfliesen ist nachteilig, daß die Fuge zwischen zwei benachbarten Platten zu wenig Material in den Bereichen aufweist, in denen sich die Abstandshalter bis an die Oberfläche der Platte erstrecken. Insbesondere in Industrieböden, die von schweren Fahrzeugen befahren werden, kommt es dann zu unerwünschten Brüchen und Rissen des Fugenmaterials. Dies ist insbesondere bei Böden, die als flüssigkeitsdicht und säurefest ausgelegt sind, von erheblichem Nachteil.In the known floor tiles, it is disadvantageous that the joint between two adjacent plates has too little material in the areas in which the spacers extend to the surface of the plate. In industrial floors in particular, which are used by heavy vehicles, undesirable breaks and cracks in the joint material then occur. This is a considerable disadvantage particularly in the case of floors which are designed to be liquid-tight and acid-proof.
Es besteht nämlich einerseits die Gefahr, daß die Flüssigkeiten in den Untergrund eindringen können und andererseits die Gefahr, daß herausgebrochene Fugenstücke Nester für Bakterien bilden, was je nach Einsatzgebiet der Bodenfliesen unerwünscht und gefährlich sein kann.On the one hand, there is a risk that the liquids can penetrate into the subsurface and, on the other hand, there is a risk that broken joint pieces form nests for bacteria, which, depending on the area of application of the floor tiles, can be undesirable and dangerous.
Weiterhin kann bei den bekannten Fliesen nicht ausgeschlossen werden, daß diese bei einer starken Belastung an einem Fliesenrand hebelartig am anderen Fliesenende hochgehebelt werden. Die gleichbreiten Vorsprünge bieten hier keine besonders gute Verankerung in der Fugenmasse, so daß derartige Bewegungen zumindest ansatzweise vollführt werden können, die wiederum zu Brüchen oder Rissen im Fugenmaterial führen können und damit zu den oben geschilderten Nachteilen.Furthermore, it cannot be ruled out with the known tiles that they are levered up at the other end of the tile in the event of a heavy load on one edge of the tile. The projections of the same width do not offer particularly good anchoring in the joint mass, so that such movements can be carried out at least in part, which in turn can lead to breaks or cracks in the joint material and thus to the disadvantages described above.
Aus dem DE-U-90 16 574 ist eine Bodenplatte bekanntgeworden, die als Fliese ausgebildet ist, da sie u. a. auch für Bäder und Schwimmbecken, Küchen- und Schlachthofbereiche eingesetzt werden soll. Diese Fliese weist über die Höhe der Seitenwandungen verlaufende Abstandshalter auf, die kurz unter der Oberkante der Fliese enden.From DE-U-90 16 574 a floor plate has become known, which is designed as a tile because it u. a. also for baths and swimming pools, kitchen and slaughterhouse areas. This tile has spacers running across the height of the side walls that end just below the top edge of the tile.
Aus dem NL-A-70 17 542 ist eine rechteckige Fliese bekanntgeworden, die an einer ihrer Seitenkante nach außen hin vorspringende Vorsprünge und an der anderen Seitenkante den Vorsprüngen entsprechende Einbuchtungen aufweist, so daß im zusammengesetzten Zustand der Fliesen keine offene, später zu verfugende Fuge verbleibt.From NL-A-70 17 542 a rectangular tile has become known which has protrusions protruding outwards on one of its side edges and corresponding protrusions on the other side edge, so that in the assembled state of the tiles there is no open joint which is later to be grouted remains.
Demgegenüber wird in der FR-A-25 20 773 eine Betonplatte mit Pflastersteincharakter beschrieben, bei der an der Außenseite eines rechteckigen Steines Abstandshalter vorgesehen sind, die im Abstand von der Oberfläche des Steines enden. Die Abstandshalter sind in ihrem Endbereich abgerundet ausgebildet. Die Seitenkanten der Abstandshalter verlaufen aber vollkommen lotrecht.In contrast, FR-A-25 20 773 describes a concrete slab with a paving stone character, in which spacers are provided on the outside of a rectangular stone and end at a distance from the surface of the stone. The spacers are rounded in their end region. The side edges of the spacers are completely perpendicular.
In der DE-B-12 65 765 wird ein Verbundstein zum Herstellen von Verkehrswegen beschrieben, der ähnlich wie die Einrichtung gemäß der NL-A-70 17 542, an seinen Seitenkanten mit Vorsprüngen und Ausnehmungen ausgerüstet ist. Im zusammengesetzten Zustand greifen diese Vorsprünge und Ausnehmungen ineinander ein, so daß eine dichte Anlage der Seitenwände des Steines aneinander erfolgt.DE-B-12 65 765 describes a composite stone for the production of traffic routes which, like the device according to NL-A-70 17 542, is equipped with projections and recesses on its side edges. In the assembled state, these projections and recesses engage in one another, so that the side walls of the stone rest tightly against one another.
Demgegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Bodenfliese dahingehend zu verbessern, daß die Dichtigkeit des Bodenbelages und die Haltbarkeit der Fugen unter schweren Belastungen sichergestellt wird.In contrast, the invention has for its object to improve a floor tile in such a way that the tightness of the floor covering and the durability of the joints is ensured under heavy loads.
Diese der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teiles des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object on which the invention is based is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.
Der Hebeleffekt bei einseitiger Belastung der Fliese wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch abgefangen, daß sich die Abstandshalter nach oben verjüngen, daß also ihre Breite nach oben abnimmt. Hierdurch stützen sich die Abstandshalter mit ihren Seitenflanken in der Fugenmasse ab, so daß die belastete Fliese sicher gehalten wird. Zudem ermöglichen die nach oben schmaler werdenden Abstandshalter nach oben zunehmende Materialmassen an Fugenmaterial, so daß auch hierdurch die Fugenmasse im oberen, nämlich im belasteten Bereich, zunehmend stabiler wird.The lever effect with one-sided loading of the tile is intercepted according to the invention in that the spacers taper upwards, that is, their width decreases upwards. As a result, the spacers are supported with their side flanks in the jointing compound, so that the loaded tile is held securely. In addition, the spacers, which become narrower at the top, enable the material masses of joint material to increase, so that the joint mass in the upper region, namely in the loaded area, becomes increasingly stable.
Eine Fase oder eine Verrundung im Übergang zwischen der Oberfläche und den Seitenflächen der Bodenfliese vermeidet scharfkantige und ggf. geradhaltige Kanten, die beim Überfahren der Fliesen durch schweres Gerät ggf. absplittern könnten und dadurch die oben geschilderten Nachteile für das Einleiten von Flüssigkeiten oder für die Schaffung von Bakteriennestern schaffen könnten.A chamfer or a rounding in the transition between the surface and the side surfaces of the floor tile avoids sharp-edged and possibly straight edges, which could splinter off when the tiles are passed over by heavy equipment and thus the disadvantages described above for the introduction of liquids or for the creation of bacterial nests.
Weiterhin ist vorteilhaft der Übergang zwischen den Abstandshaltern und den Seitenflächen abgeschrägt oder verrundet, da auf diese Weise eine möglichst satte und vollständige Füllung der Fugen mit Fugenmasse unterstützt wird, während bei rechtwinkligen oder spitzwinkligen Übergängen möglicherweise Lufteinschlüsse vorkommen können, die die Stabilität der Fugenmasse beeinträchtigen können.Furthermore, the transition between the spacers and the side surfaces is advantageously beveled or rounded, since this supports the most complete and possible filling of the joints with jointing compound, while at right-angled or acute-angled transitions there may be air pockets which can impair the stability of the jointing compound .
In an sich bekannter Weise können Vorsprünge in Form von Erhebungen an der Oberfläche der Bodenfliese vorgesehen sein, um die Rutschfestigkeit des gesamten Bodens zu verbessern. Durch eine sternförmige Anordnung, bei der die einzelnen Vorsprünge linienartig zum Mittelpunkt der Fliese zulaufen, und zwar von den Kanten und von den Seitenmitten der Fliese aus wird eine gute Abdeckung der Oberfläche mit derartigen Vorsprünge gewährleistet, so daß eine gute Rutschsicherheit sichergestellt werden kann.In a manner known per se, projections in the form of elevations can be provided on the surface of the floor tile in order to improve the slip resistance of the entire floor. A star-shaped arrangement in which the individual projections run linearly towards the center of the tile, namely from the edges and from the side centers of the tile, ensures good coverage of the surface with such projections, so that good slip resistance can be ensured.
Bei länglichen Erhebungen verlaufen die Längsachsen der Erhebungen vorteilhaft winklig zu allen Seitenkanten der Oberfläche, um auf diese Weise eine möglichst gute Rutschsicherheit und ein leichtes Reinigen der Oberflächen zu ermöglichen.In the case of elongated elevations, the longitudinal axes of the elevations advantageously run at an angle to all side edges of the surface, in order in this way to ensure the best possible slip resistance and easy cleaning of the surfaces.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Bodenfliese wird anhand der Zeichnung im folgenden näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt
- Fig. 1
- eine erfindungsgemäße Bodenfliese in perspektivischer Ansicht von oben,
- Fig. 2
- die Draufsicht einer Ecke der Bodenfliese von Fig. 1 und
- Fig. 3
- die Seitenansicht entlang einer Seite der Bodenfliese von Fig. 1 und 2.
- Fig. 1
- a floor tile according to the invention in a perspective view from above,
- Fig. 2
- the top view of a corner of the floor tile of Fig. 1 and
- Fig. 3
- the side view along one side of the floor tile of FIGS. 1 and 2.
In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 allgemein eine Bodenfliese bezeichnet mit einer Oberfläche 2 und Seitenflächen 3. Die Bodenfliese 1 ist sechseckig ausgebildet, um bei schwerer Belastung in einem Industriefußboden die auftretenden Kräfte möglichst gleichmäßig an umgebende Fliesen weiterleiten zu können.In Fig. 1, 1 generally designates a floor tile with a
An den Seitenflächen 3 sind Abstandshalter 4 angeordnet, die sich vom Boden der Seitenflächen bis zu einem gewissen Abstand von der Oberfläche 2 erstrecken. Die Abstandshalter 4 laufen von unten nach oben konisch zu, um eine möglichst gute Verzahnung mit der Fugenmasse sicherzustellen und auf diese Weise eine Aufwärtsbewegung der Bodenfliese 1 sicher zu verhindern.
Wie aus Fig. 2 hervorgeht, sind die Seitenkanten der Abstandshalter 4 gegenüber den Seitenflächen 3 verrundet, um einen sanften Übergang zu schaffen, an dem sich keine Luftblasen beim Einfüllen der Fugenmasse halten können.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the side edges of the
Aus Fig. 3 geht hervor, daß der Übergang zwischen der Seitenfläche 3 und der Oberfläche 2 als Verrundung 5 ausgebildet ist. Weiterhin geht aus Fig. 3 hervor, daß die Abstandshalter 4 gegenüber der Seitenfläche 3 nach oben hin abgeschrägt verlaufen, um auch hier ein porenfreies Einfüllen der Fugenmasse zu unterstützen.3 shows that the transition between the
Auf der Oberfläche 2 sind in mehreren Linien 6 längliche reiskornförmige Erhebungen 7 angeordnet, um die Rutschsicherheit des Bodenbelages zu verbessern. Die Längsachse der einzelnen Erhebungen 7 ist so schräg angeordnet, daß sie im Winkel zu jeder der Seitenkanten der Oberfläche 2 verläuft.Elongated rice grain-
Claims (4)
- A floor tile (1) comprising spacers (4) formed on the side faces, a plurality of spacers (4) being provided on each side face, which spacers (4) are constructed as substantially uprightly extending projections, the upper ends of the spacers (4) ending at a distance from the upper surface (2) of the floor tile (1), characterised in that the width of the spacers (4) decreases from bottom to top.
- A floor tile according to claim 1, characterised in that the edge between the upper surface (2) and the side faces (3) is bevelled or rounded (5).
- A floor tile according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the transition between the spacers (4) and the side faces (3) is rounded or chamfered.
- A floor tile according to any one of the preceding claims with anti-slip bumps on its upper surface, characterised in that the longitudinal axes of the bumps (7) extend at an angle to all the side edges of the upper surface (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE9311335U | 1993-07-29 | ||
| DE9311335U DE9311335U1 (en) | 1993-07-29 | 1993-07-29 | Floor tile with spacers |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0636755A1 EP0636755A1 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
| EP0636755B1 true EP0636755B1 (en) | 1997-07-30 |
Family
ID=6896172
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP94107095A Expired - Lifetime EP0636755B1 (en) | 1993-07-29 | 1994-05-06 | Flooring tile with spacing elements |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0636755B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE9311335U1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202012000331U1 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2012-03-05 | Andreas Günther | Tiles with spacers |
| DE102011106625A1 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2012-12-20 | Andreas Günther | Flooring tile comprises spacers that are located on side surface of rectangular tile at different distances from two corners of side surface respectively |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4402281A1 (en) * | 1994-01-27 | 1995-08-10 | Sf Koop Gmbh Beton Konzepte | Method of manufacturing Concrete paving blocks |
| US7425106B2 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2008-09-16 | Anchor Wall Systems, Inc. | Concrete pavers positioned in a herringbone pattern |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1265765B (en) * | 1961-12-15 | 1968-04-11 | Johannes Pertien | Composite stone for creating traffic routes and fastening embankments |
| NL7017542A (en) * | 1970-12-01 | 1972-06-05 | ||
| DE2732452A1 (en) * | 1977-07-18 | 1979-02-01 | Barth Kg Dr | COVERING ELEMENT WITH SINGLE STONES DESIGNED BY WEAKENING ZONES |
| FR2402749A1 (en) * | 1977-09-13 | 1979-04-06 | Siced Spa | Large ceramic tile with false joints delineating small tile areas - has grooves formed by channels of width equal to twice margin plus joint |
| DE3145980A1 (en) * | 1981-11-20 | 1983-06-01 | Kurt 5064 Rösrath Otto | Method for laying tiles on floors |
| DE8202207U1 (en) * | 1982-01-29 | 1982-07-15 | Gebr. Greiner GmbH,Betonsteinwerk, 7441 Neckartailfingen | CONCRETE PANEL |
| DE8905179U1 (en) * | 1988-05-02 | 1989-07-27 | Rundmund, Theo, Dipl.-Ing., 4422 Ahaus, De | |
| DE9016574U1 (en) * | 1990-12-06 | 1991-03-28 | Rundmund, Theo, 4422 Ahaus, De |
-
1993
- 1993-07-29 DE DE9311335U patent/DE9311335U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-05-06 DE DE59403524T patent/DE59403524D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-05-06 EP EP94107095A patent/EP0636755B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202012000331U1 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2012-03-05 | Andreas Günther | Tiles with spacers |
| DE102011106625A1 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2012-12-20 | Andreas Günther | Flooring tile comprises spacers that are located on side surface of rectangular tile at different distances from two corners of side surface respectively |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59403524D1 (en) | 1997-09-04 |
| DE9311335U1 (en) | 1993-10-07 |
| EP0636755A1 (en) | 1995-02-01 |
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