EP0633981A1 - Oil pump for reciprocating piston engines. - Google Patents
Oil pump for reciprocating piston engines.Info
- Publication number
- EP0633981A1 EP0633981A1 EP94905728A EP94905728A EP0633981A1 EP 0633981 A1 EP0633981 A1 EP 0633981A1 EP 94905728 A EP94905728 A EP 94905728A EP 94905728 A EP94905728 A EP 94905728A EP 0633981 A1 EP0633981 A1 EP 0633981A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oil pump
- piston
- eccentric rod
- oil
- pump according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000538562 Banjos Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 47
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 101100298225 Caenorhabditis elegans pot-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04B23/02—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs
- F04B23/021—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs the pump being immersed in the reservoir
- F04B23/023—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs the pump being immersed in the reservoir only the pump-part being immersed, the driving-part being outside the reservoir
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/10—Valves; Arrangement of valves
- F04B53/12—Valves; Arrangement of valves arranged in or on pistons
- F04B53/122—Valves; Arrangement of valves arranged in or on pistons the piston being free-floating, e.g. the valve being formed between the actuating rod and the piston
Definitions
- the invention relates to an oil pump for a reciprocating piston engine with at least one piston-cylinder arrangement, the piston of which drives the crankshaft via a connecting rod, the oil pump having an eccentric rod connected to the crankshaft, the free end of which carries a piston which co-operates with a cylinder pot (2) arranged under oil and open towards the eccentric rod (1) cooperates in such a way that the pressure oil is fed through an oil channel in the eccentric rod to one or more lubrication points.
- Oil pumps for the transportation of lubricating oil to the bearing points of the crankshaft and other components requiring lubrication or cooling in diesel engines or petrol engines are known in numerous embodiments. In many cases they have their own drive and pump units, which transport the oil as a continuous or intermittent stream in a circuit between the oil pan and the various lubrication points.
- Known oil pumps are usually valve controlled, i.e. they contain many suction and pressure valves and are therefore also prone to wear.
- the aim of the present invention is to provide an oil pump for small engines, it being sufficient to maintain the lubrication with an intermittent oil flow corresponding to the engine speed; the oil pump should in particular consist of as few simple components that are not susceptible to wear and should be able to be operated with low energy consumption.
- This object is achieved according to the concept of the invention in such a way that the piston is formed by a piston plate which enables a lateral pivoting movement corresponding to the stroke of the eccentric rod when the cylinder pot (2) is fixed to the housing.
- Such an oil pump is also driven by the crankshaft; At the same time, it lubricates its own bearing point via the oil channel in the eccentric rod and enables the supply of further oil holes from there. Since the pump is arranged under oil, that is to say preferably in the oil pan, with the actual pump mechanism immersed in the lubricating oil, there is no need for complex sealing and valve means.
- the bearing for the eccentric rod can be kept very narrow in the axial direction of the crankshaft, so that the space required for the pump drive is extremely small. The length of the eccentric rod depends on the distance of the crankshaft from the oil sump in the oil pan.
- the eccentric rod also performs a laterally reciprocating movement as a result of its bearing bore determining the piston stroke, there is the possibility of using this lateral pivoting movement for the articulation of further lifting drives, for example as a drive for a diaphragm pump for the fuel feed.
- the oil pump according to the invention can be used both for diesel engines and for gasoline engines; it is particularly suitable for small engines, in particular single-cylinder engines.
- a slide bearing ring with a bearing bore for the eccentric shaft section serving as a bearing seat is formed on the crankshaft on the eccentric rod.
- an eccentricity of the bearing bore and thus a corresponding pump stroke of approximately 6 mm is sufficient for a single-cylinder diesel engine with a pump piston diameter of approximately 36 mm.
- its lateral swiveling is only a few degrees, usually less than 2 degrees.
- a particularly simple embodiment consists in that the piston plate is mounted loosely and with axial play between axial stops at the cylinder-side end of the eccentric rod and, depending on the stroke direction, acts together with the stops as a suction or pressure valve.
- a floating piston plate is advantageously mounted on a neck part projecting axially at the end of the eccentric rod remote from the crankshaft, which serves to axially guide the piston plate. Their floating mounting is therefore used so that, depending on the system, it acts on one of the two axial stops either as a suction or as a pressure valve.
- crankshaft-side stop is designed as an annular collar of the eccentric rod with a contact surface for the piston plate during the delivery stroke of the oil pump, and that on the other hand the stop remote from the crankshaft is formed by the head of a banjo bolt, which in the end of the eccentric rod remote from the crankshaft is screwed in. such that the back of the head of the banjo bolt forms a bearing surface for the piston plate during the suction stroke of the oil pump.
- the piston plate has through bores which are closed by the collar during the delivery stroke, so that the pressure oil reaches the oil channel via radial openings around the neck part and in the shaft of the banjo bolt, and that the through bores during of the suction stroke are open, the piston plate resting on the back of the head of the hollow screw and thereby closing the radial openings leading to the oil channel in the neck part.
- the radial openings in the neck part are expediently formed by slots in the end face thereof.
- the piston plate can follow the small pivoting movements of the eccentric rod as freely as possible, it is provided that the piston plate has a spherical peripheral surface.
- the wall of the cylinder pot could be provided with a spherical extension in the swivel area of the piston plate.
- the piston plate is preferably made of sintered metal or Teflon, the cylinder bowl of the oil pump made of steel or aluminum. For the eccentric rod itself, production as an aluminum die-cast part is preferred.
- the piston plate is divided parallel to the plane of the plate and the two plate parts together form an outwardly open circumferential groove into which a sealing ring is loose and with a radial Game. Is inserted, which lies with its circumferential surface sealingly against the inner wall of the cylinder pot.
- a peripheral peripheral portion of the piston plate is formed by an annular lip made of elastomeric material;
- the Shore hardness of the annular lip so that it opens at a certain pressure, that is to say acts as a pressure relief valve if, for example, an undesirably high pressure builds up in the system as a result of a blocked lubricating oil pressure line. In this way, damage to the bearing points or pressure lines is avoided in a simple and effective manner.
- the latter has a corresponding internal thread, so that the appropriately steel banjo bolt, the head of which closes the eccentric rod on the front side and the back of which also forms a stop for the piston plate, can be screwed in until the head is open sits at the front end of the neck part.
- the transport routes for the lubricating oil are designed in a particularly simple manner such that the bearing bore in the slide bearing ring of the eccentric rod has an annular groove which serves for bearing lubrication and is connected to the connecting rod bearing of the crankshaft via an oil bore.
- a spray nozzle for cooling the piston crown of the piston of the reciprocating piston engine can be connected to the annular groove.
- FIG. 3 shows a section according to FIG. 2 in the lower reversal point of the eccentric rod
- FIG. 5 shows a detail Y according to FIG. 3,
- 1 to 3 essentially consists of an eccentric rod 1, a cylinder cup 2, a piston plate 3 and a hollow screw 4, which is screwed into a corresponding internal thread of the eccentric rod 1 at the end of the eccentric rod 1 remote from the crankshaft, the Internal thread forms the associated mouth of an oil channel 5 inside the eccentric rod 1.
- the hollow screw 4 thus continues to a certain extent the oil channel 5; it is connected via radial openings 6 in its shaft 7 to an annular space 8 between the shaft 7 and a neck part 9 which surrounds it at a distance and forms the front end of the eccentric rod 1.
- the head 10 of the hollow screw 4 forms with its rear side the stop remote from the crankshaft for the piston plate 3 floating between two stops; the crankshaft side stop is formed by a ring Shaped collar 11 of the eccentric rod 1, on which an end face 12 for the piston plate 3 is formed radially outside the neck part 9.
- the piston plate 3 sits with a play of approximately 0.5 mm between the crankshaft-side bearing surface 12 and an annular bearing surface 13 formed by the rear of the head 10 of the hollow screw 4.
- the eccentric rod 1 has at its end on the crankshaft side a plain bearing ring 14 with a bearing bore 15; the bearing bore 15 serves as a bearing seat, matching a corresponding shaft section on the crankshaft (not shown).
- the eccentric rod 1 is driven according to the eccentricity of the shaft section in the sense of a reciprocating piston, so that the eccentric rod performs a lifting movement on the one hand and a lateral pivoting movement on the other hand.
- the stroke movement is used as part of the pump function for the suction stroke on the one hand and the delivery stroke on the other.
- FIG. 1 shows the eccentric rod in its extreme inclined position, the angular deflection (to the right) is approximately 1.5 degrees.
- 2 and 3 show the eccentric rod in its upper and lower dead center, ie FIG. 2 shows the final phase of the suction stroke and FIG. 3 the final phase of the conveying stroke.
- the piston plate 3 rests on the contact surface 13 of the head 10 of the hollow screw 4; accordingly, lubricating oil, through which the cylinder cup 2 is covered, passes through the gap between the top of the piston plate 3 and the opposite contact surface 12 of the Krageijs 11 and through holes 17 in the piston plate 3 in the cylinder chamber 18 of the oil pump.
- the piston plate 3 floats by sealingly abutting the contact surface 12 of the collar 11, while the eccentric rod 1 moves against the bottom 19 of the cylinder pot; the oil present in the cylinder chamber 18 flows during the delivery stroke shown in FIG.
- the cylinder pot 2 is screwed with an external thread 23 from the outside into a corresponding threaded hole in the oil pan 24 (FIG. 2) against a sealing ring 25 lying on the outside of the oil pan 24 and covered by the oil sump 26.
- the piston plate 3 is divided in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the eccentric rod 1 into two plate parts 3a, 3b, which together form an outer circumferential groove 30; in the circumferential groove 30, a sealing ring 31 is received with radial play, so that it is able to close the gap between the piston plate 3 and the inner wall of the cylinder pot 2 for each pivoting position Seal eccentric rod 5.
- Both plate parts 3a, 3b together form through bores 17, as already described in connection with the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 5.
- the same components corresponding to this embodiment are provided with the same reference numerals in FIG. 6 and in FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the one-piece piston plate 3 has a peripheral circumferential groove 30 which is open in the radial direction and in which a sealing ring in the manner of a piston ring 32 is inserted.
- a piston ring 32 ensures that the seal between the piston plate 3 and the cylinder cup 2 is maintained even when the piston plate 3 carries out a swiveling movement that corresponds to the eccentric movement of the eccentric rod 1.
- FIG. 8 shows a piston plate 3 with a groove-shaped seat in its peripheral area; an annular lip 33 made of elastomeric material is fastened in the seat by vulcanization.
- the annular lip 33 is shown with a slight deformation upwards in order to make it clear that it is able to yield to an undesirably high pressure in the cylinder space in the manner of a pressure relief valve.
- Such high pressures can arise when there are occlusions of lubricating oil pressure lines which are connected to the oil channel 5.
- the overpressure function of the annular lip 33 prevents damage in the region of the pressure lines or in the bearing points supplied by them.
- the oil pump described consists of a few components; in a particularly simple embodiment (FIGS. 1-5), it even dispenses with the use of seals which are susceptible to wear between the piston plate and the cylinder pot;. little space is required in the axial direction of the crankshaft for the narrow eccentric rod.
- the oil pump By driving according to the crankshaft speed, the oil pump generates an intermittent oil flow in the sense of a single-acting piston pump, the flow rate of which can be adapted to the respective requirements by appropriate dimensioning of the oil pump.
- the delivery rate for an inner diameter of the cylinder pot 2 of 36 mm is almost two liters / minute at a speed of 3,000 revolutions / minute.
- the oil pump is expedient in the mass balance of the reciprocating piston engine included, which is particularly advantageous in single-cylinder engines, because it can improve the mass balance.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4302515A DE4302515C2 (en) | 1993-01-29 | 1993-01-29 | Oil pump for reciprocating internal combustion engine |
DE4302515 | 1993-01-29 | ||
PCT/EP1994/000246 WO1994017305A1 (en) | 1993-01-29 | 1994-01-28 | Oil pump for reciprocating piston engines |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0633981A1 true EP0633981A1 (en) | 1995-01-18 |
EP0633981B1 EP0633981B1 (en) | 1996-12-11 |
Family
ID=6479221
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94905728A Expired - Lifetime EP0633981B1 (en) | 1993-01-29 | 1994-01-28 | Oil pump for reciprocating piston engines |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0633981B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4302515C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1994017305A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005060859A1 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for controlling an electric motor |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2106488A (en) * | 1934-02-24 | 1938-01-25 | Westinghouse Air Brake Co | Compressor |
US2757617A (en) * | 1953-01-29 | 1956-08-07 | Jack K Moore | Circulating pump |
DE1758836U (en) * | 1953-12-12 | 1957-12-27 | Porsche Kg | PISTON PUMP FOR PUMPING LUBRICATING OIL FOR COMBUSTION MACHINES. |
US3282290A (en) * | 1964-01-30 | 1966-11-01 | Szczepanski Harry | Solvent-circulating system |
US3239109A (en) * | 1964-10-26 | 1966-03-08 | Santarelli Vincent | Sprayer pump |
JPS56136176U (en) * | 1980-03-14 | 1981-10-15 | ||
US4627798A (en) * | 1985-12-05 | 1986-12-09 | Thomas Dalton A | Apparatus for circulating cleaning fluid through a cooling system |
-
1993
- 1993-01-29 DE DE4302515A patent/DE4302515C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-01-28 WO PCT/EP1994/000246 patent/WO1994017305A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-01-28 EP EP94905728A patent/EP0633981B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-01-28 DE DE59401241T patent/DE59401241D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9417305A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1994017305A1 (en) | 1994-08-04 |
DE4302515A1 (en) | 1994-08-11 |
DE4302515C2 (en) | 1996-10-02 |
DE59401241D1 (en) | 1997-01-23 |
EP0633981B1 (en) | 1996-12-11 |
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