EP0633373A1 - Cylinder lock with key, groups of such cylinder locks, a key for such a cylinder lock, and a group of keys and key blanks - Google Patents

Abstract

What is proposed is a lock cylinder (16), the key-receiving channel (12) of which and the key (10) of which each have a bottle profile. The bottle profile can be modified for one or for both side faces (10l, 10r). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a lock cylinder with a key, the lock cylinder comprising a lock cylinder housing with a core bore, often also referred to as a housing bore, which has a core bore axis and a cylinder core which is rotatably mounted in the core bore about the core bore axis and which has a key receiving channel with a channel profile which is essentially parallel to the core bore axis ,
the key comprises a key handle, also called key chalk, and a key shaft with a shaft axis and with a shaft cover profile, the shaft cover profile having a central plane containing the shaft axis, a back edge surface, a chest edge surface and two side surfaces on both sides of the central plane, which is orthogonal to the shaft axis and along the central plane define measured shaft height and a shaft width measured orthogonally to the central plane and variable along the shaft height,
wherein at least one side surface has at least one convex-cylindrical arch surface parallel to the shaft axis at least over part of the shaft height, and wherein at least on one of the side surfaces to the shaft axis parallel grooves or / and ribs are formed which, in connection with the shaft envelope profile, match a shaft profile adapted to the channel profile surrender.

A lock cylinder with such a design of the channel profile or the shaft profile is known from DE-C2 37 11 935.

In the known design, the channel profile or the shaft profile has a circular cylindrical profile part at a central part of its respective height, the axis of which lies in the central plane of the channel profile or the shaft profile.

A variation of the radius of the circular cylindrical profile part is not provided. Moreover, such a variation of the circular cylindrical profile part would not result in great variability, since the radius variation is limited by the fact that ultimately a relatively flat key profile and thus channel profile is sought, which can be found in a pocket, in particular as part of a key ring comprising several keys. easy to classify and carry.

The invention has for its object to provide a lock cylinder of the type mentioned, the channel profile shape and the associated key shaft profile shape can be varied within wide limits to make it possible to differentiate between different lock cylinders and associated keys, especially in the context of locking systems.

To achieve this object, it is proposed according to the invention that the at least one convex-cylindrical curvature surface has a maximum radius of curvature at least in a partial area running parallel to the shaft axis, which radius is greater than the distance of this partial area from the central plane.

With the design according to the invention, many possible variations of the key receiving channel and the shaft profile can be achieved, at the same time ensuring that only the shaft profiles assigned to a specific channel profile can be inserted into this channel profile and no others.

The invention can be used in particular if the shaft height is at least 2 times, preferably at least 2.5 times, as large as the maximum shaft width and / or that the maximum radius of curvature is approximately 1.5 times to approximately 6 times that corresponds to the maximum shaft width, preferably at least 2.5 times to at least 5 times. There are then key shaft profiles that can be addressed as flat key profiles and can be carried relatively easily in the pocket, even if they are combined with other keys on a key ring. The two side surfaces preferably each have a curved surface. This means that an even greater number of channel profiles and, accordingly, also shaft profiles can be provided.

If one speaks here of convex-cylindrical surfaces, this should not mean that circular-cylindrical curvature surfaces are required. Rather, the term "cylindrical surface" is intended to include cylindrical surfaces deviating from the shape of a circular cylinder, as corresponds to the term "cylindrical surface" in geometry. If one assigns this general meaning to the term "cylindrical arch surface", one can nevertheless understand individual surface regions of these arch surfaces as circular cylindrical surface regions.

It is conceivable that the respective curvature surface has the maximum radius of curvature over its entire vertical extent, that is to say it is circular cylindrical.

In addition, it is conceivable that the curvature surface has the maximum radius of curvature only in a central part of its vertical extent and has a smaller radius of curvature in at least one end region of its vertical extent.

It is particularly and preferably provided that the at least one side surface is formed as a curvature surface in an envelope profile section close to the rear edge surface and in a envelope profile section close to the chest as Flat area. If such flat surfaces are provided in the envelope profile section near the chest, it is advantageous if these flat surfaces are approximately parallel to the central plane.

It is recommended that the curvature surface of an envelope profile section near the back merges into the back edge surface with a transition angle near the back of between approximately 70 and approximately 100 °. In this way, the character of a flat key becomes even more pronounced.

If the curvature surface of an envelope profile section near the back merges into an essentially planar envelope profile section near the chest, it is recommended that the curvature surface of the envelope profile section near the back transition into the plane surface of the envelope profile section near the chest with a transition angle β of between approximately 140 and approximately 170 °.

One can compare the shaft envelope profile and accordingly the channel profile in the case of keys and locking cylinders according to the invention with the shape of a bottle outline, if one imagines a conventional beverage bottle cut in a sectional plane containing the axis of the neck and if one assumes a viewing direction orthogonal to this sectional plane. The back edge surface is preferably adapted to the radius of the core hole.

The chest edge surface can be designed in a known manner to control spring-loaded tumbler pin pairs at different levels.

At least one of the side surfaces can cooperate with a locking element or security element of the cylinder core that influences the rotational mobility of the locking cylinder, that is to say, for example, with a springless additional locking pin as described in DE-C2 31 23 511 under reference number 7 is shown or with a security pin, as shown in this patent DE-C2 31 23 511 under the reference numeral 24. In addition, at least one of the side surfaces can also be made to work together with a locking lever mounted on the cylinder core, as is shown in EP-A2 237 799 under reference number 26.

If a side surface interacts with a locking element which influences the mobility of the cylinder, it is advisable to provide at least one of the side surfaces in the area of a key shaft tip with an insertion bevel in order to block an insertion movement of the key shaft into the key channel when the key tip hits it To prevent locking element.

The isolated keys for the locking cylinders described so far should also be protected.

Using the locking cylinders described so far, groups of locking cylinders with different locking secrets can be provided, in which the shaft envelope profiles are of identical design within the respective group. The different locking secret within such a group (first-mentioned group) can then be obtained in that the key shafts of the individual locking cylinders of the group, which have the same profile, differ from one another by different grooves or / and ribs on at least one of the side surfaces or / and by different profile variation of the pectoral surface or / and differentiate by different profile variation of at least one side surface. In this way, a hierarchically structured locking system, for example a locking system with a, can be generated with key shafts with the same profile and corresponding profile-adapted key channels parent key that allows a variety of lock cylinders to operate and a variety of child keys, each of which allows only a single or a smaller group of lock cylinders to be operated.

Within a sub-group of such a group, the grooves or / and ribs can be arranged in a similar distribution over the side surface of the different locking cylinders and only the cross-sectional dimensions of the grooves and / or ribs corresponding to one another in terms of their position can differ from locking cylinder to locking cylinder. In particular, the possibility is considered that the cross-sectional shape of the grooves and / or ribs of the individual locking cylinders which correspond to one another in terms of their position are geometrically similar, but are different in their cross-sectional size.

For example, it can be provided that the grooves or / and ribs corresponding to one another in terms of their position differ in their width, measured in the direction of the shaft height, but are mutually identical in their penetration depth perpendicular to the central plane.

You can build one or - depending on the size - several locking systems with a given envelope profile.

You can also have an upper group of lock cylinder groups (first named groups)
produce, whereby individual groups within the upper group differ by different shaft cover profiles and corresponding channel profiles. Within such an upper group, the shaft envelope profiles for the individual groups can differ by different radii of curvature of the curved surfaces and / or different ones Centers of the centers of curvature of the curvature surfaces.

But other group formations are also possible. So it is after another type of group formation (second-mentioned group) e.g. it is conceivable that the locking cylinders within a group have different envelope profiles, while the grooves and / or ribs are of identical design, at least in their cross-sectional areas close to the central plane, from locking cylinder to locking cylinder of the group.

For this purpose, an upper group formation is conceivable, which is based on the fact that the individual groups differ from one another with different cross-sectional shapes of the grooves and / or ribs in the individual groups with basically the same position of the grooves and / or ribs.

In accordance with the first-mentioned group formation, a set of intermediate key blanks can be provided for keys of this group which have the same envelope profile but different groove or / and rib arrangement on at least one side surface. Such a set of intermediate key blanks is kept in stock in the lock cylinder or key blank factory, for example, and is taken out as required for applying level variations. Then a superordinate set of key intermediate blank sets can also be kept in stock, in which the key intermediate blanks of the individual intermediate blank sets differ from one another by a different shaft shell profile.

Furthermore, a set of key pre-blanks with still missing arrangement of the grooves and / or ribs can be kept ready in the factory or also at the key service, the key pre-blanks of individual groups becoming apparent differentiate the different shape of the shaft cover profile.

Furthermore, it is conceivable to provide a set of intermediate key blanks for keys of the second-mentioned group of locking cylinders, in which the intermediate blanks of the individual locking cylinders of a group differ from one another in the cross-sectional areas close to the middle plane, due to the different shape of the shaft envelope profile, at least in the middle plane . Features of the key essential to the invention result from claims 34-51.

Figur 1

einen Querschnitt durch einen Schlüsselschaft des Schlüssels eines erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinders;

Figuren 1a bis 1e

verschiedene Abwandlungen des Schlüsselschafts gemäß Fig. 1 bei gleichbleibendem Schafthüllprofil;

Figuren 2a bis 2e

weitere Abwandlungen des Schlüsselschafts gemäß Fig. 1 mit unterschiedlichen Schafthüllprofilen;

Figur 3

eine weitere Abwandlung des Schlüsselschafts mit einem nochmal geänderten Schafthüllprofil;

Figur 4a

einen Schließzylinder mit erfindungsgemäßem Schaftprofil und mit die Seitenflächen des Schlüsselschafts abtastenden Sicherheitsstiften;

Figur 4b

eine Anordnung gemäß Fig. 4a bei Verfälschung des Schaftprofils;

Figur 5

einen Schließzylinder mit erfindungsgemäßem Schaftprofil und mit federlosen Zusatzsperrstiften in Eingriff mit Profilvariationen der Seitenflächen des Schlüsselschafts;

Figur 5a

eine Seitenansicht des Schlüsselschafts eines Schlüssels gemäß Fig. 5;

Figur 5b

einen Schnitt nach Linie Vb-Vb der Fig. 5a;

Figur 5c

einen Schnitt nach Linie Vc-Vc der Fig. 5a;

Figur 6a

einen Schließzylinder mit erfindungsgemäßen Schlüsselschaft und mit im Zylinderkern gelagerten, die Seitenflächen des Schlüsselschafts abtastenden Sperrhebeln;

Figur 6b

eine Anordnung gemäß Fig. 6a bei verfälschtem Schlüsselschaft;

Figur 7

eine Anordnung grundsätzlich entsprechend derjenigen nach Fig. 6a, wobei jedoch die Sperrhebel mit Profilvariationen der Seitenflächen des Schlüsselschafts Zusammenwirken;

Figur 7a

eine Seitenansicht des Schlüsselschafts gemäß Figur 7;

Figur 7b

einen Schnitt nach Linie VIIb-VIIb der Fig. 7a und

Figur 7c

einen Schnitt nach Linie VIIc-VIIc der Fig. 7a.

The accompanying figures explain the invention. They represent:

Figure 1

a cross section through a key shaft of the key of a lock cylinder according to the invention;

Figures 1a to 1e

different modifications of the key shaft according to Figure 1 with the same shaft cover profile;

Figures 2a to 2e

further modifications of the key shaft according to FIG. 1 with different shaft envelope profiles;

Figure 3

a further modification of the key shaft with a modified shaft sleeve profile;

Figure 4a

a lock cylinder with a shaft profile according to the invention and with safety pins scanning the side surfaces of the key shaft;

Figure 4b

an arrangement according to Figure 4a when falsifying the shaft profile.

Figure 5

a lock cylinder with shaft profile according to the invention and with springless additional locking pins in engagement with profile variations of the side surfaces of the key shaft;

Figure 5a

a side view of the key shaft of a key according to FIG. 5;

Figure 5b

a section along line Vb-Vb of Fig. 5a;

Figure 5c

a section along line Vc-Vc of Fig. 5a;

Figure 6a

a lock cylinder with key shaft according to the invention and with locking levers mounted in the cylinder core and scanning the side surfaces of the key shaft;

Figure 6b

an arrangement according to FIG 6a with falsified key shaft.

Figure 7

an arrangement basically corresponding to that of Figure 6a, but with the locking lever interact with profile variations of the side surfaces of the key shaft.

Figure 7a

a side view of the key shaft according to Figure 7;

Figure 7b

a section along line VIIb-VIIb of Fig. 7a and

Figure 7c

a section along line VIIc-VIIc of Fig. 7a.

In Fig. 1, a key shaft is generally 10 designated. This key shaft is received in a key receiving channel 12 (see FIG. 4 a), which is indicated schematically by dash-dotted lines.

The key shaft profile is designated 10a. This key shaft profile is formed within a key shaft cover profile 10b, by grooves n1-n4 and m1-m4 milled into the key shaft cover profile 10b.

It can be seen that the key shaft cover profile 10b is delimited by side surfaces 10l and 10r, by a chest edge surface 10p and a back edge surface 10d. In its upper part of the total height h, the side surface 10l is formed by a circular-cylindrical curvature surface 10lg, the center point Mlg of which is at the height hg and the radius of which is rg. It can be seen that the radius rg is substantially larger than the distance S of the arch surface 10lg from the center plane E-E of the shaft profile and thus also of the shaft envelope profile 10b.

The same applies to the curvature surface 10rd of the right side surface 10r; this vaulted surface has a center billion at a height hd and with a radius rd.

It can also be seen that the side surfaces 10l and 10r are flat in the lower partial regions 10lp and 10rp, the distances of the partial regions 10lp and 10 rp from the central plane E-E being approximately the same; however, this is not necessary.

Looking at the shaft cover profile 10b, it is unmistakable that this corresponds to the longitudinal section outline of a bottle.

So much for the geometry of a single key shaft.

In Fig. 1a to 1e you can see the same envelope profiles throughout 10b as in Fig. 1. It can also be seen that in all the modifications according to Figs. 1a to 1e grooves n1, n2, n3 and n4 as well as m1, m2, m3 and m4 each return at approximately the same location and that these grooves in their depth are the same for all modification profiles of FIGS. 1a to 1e; for this purpose, reference is made to the groove n2 in FIG. 1a, in which the bottom distance of the groove n2 from the central plane EE is designated n2x. This ground clearance n2x also returns in FIG. 1b and in the following FIGS. 1c to 1e. It should be noted, however, that the grooves n2 are suppressed in FIGS. 1d to 1e. The coordinates n2y and n2z in FIGS. 1a to 1c indicate that the upper and lower side surfaces of the grooves n2 can vary in their height with a corresponding variation of the groove width.

It can thus be seen from FIGS. 1a to 1e that, using a constant shaft envelope profile 10b, a large number of shaft profiles can be provided, which differ from one another by different shapes of the grooves n1 to n4 and m1 to m4, individual grooves being entirely eliminated.

It can now be easily imagined that, for example, the shaft profiles according to FIGS. 1b and 1c are assigned to two different, individually closing locking cylinders with complementary key receiving channels, so that each individually closing locking cylinder can only be closed and opened by its assigned key. Corresponding multiplication of the number of individually closing locking cylinders by a corresponding number of groove variations is possible.

But you can also imagine that the shaft profiles are used when creating a hierarchical locking system 1a to 1e used, that is, shaft profiles with identical shaft sleeve profile 10b. In this case, the shaft profile according to FIG. 1a could be thought of as the profile of a superordinate key (superordinate because the grooves are each the widest), while the shaft profiles according to FIGS. 1b to 1e are individually assigned to individual subordinate locking cylinders. In detail, this would mean that the locking cylinders belonging to the shaft profiles according to FIGS. 1b to 1e each have a key receiving channel which is complementary to the individual shaft profiles. The key with the shaft profile of FIG. 1a would then fit into the key receiving channels of each of these locking cylinders belonging to FIGS. 1b to 1e, so that the parent key according to FIG. 1a corresponds to the shaft profiles according to FIGS. 1b to 1e can actuate the associated locking cylinder, but cannot actuate the locking cylinder belonging to FIG. 1a with the keys corresponding to FIGS. 1b to 1e. So you could, for example, press the caretaker of a house equipped with a locking system with the profile-shaped key according to Fig. 1a into the hands of the individual room occupants the key according to Fig. 1b to 1e, so that everyone can unlock their own room, but not the neighbor's room and not the headmaster's headquarters, while the caretaker could use the key according to Fig. 1a to close and open all the rooms.

It should also be noted that at least the grooves n4 and m4 and the back design of the shaft profile in the region of the back edge surface 10d are identical to one another in all FIGS. 1a to 1e and are also not modified by the formation of the grooves. The areas adjacent to the grooves n4 and m4 and the back edge area 10d are therefore called “invariance areas. In these invariance areas, every key is key 1a to 1e clearly guided in the key receiving channel of its associated locking cylinder, however the other grooves and the ribs formed between the other grooves are designed. In this way, precise guidance is guaranteed in every lock cylinder key combination; This is necessary because, as will be explained in more detail, the chest edge areas 10p for controlling pin tumbler pairs are level-varied and the associated pin tumbler pairs can only be precisely controlled in the locking cylinder opening position if the respective key shaft itself is precisely guided in the respective key receiving channel .

The keys according to FIGS. 1a to 1e can be seen as a group of keys which are assigned to a group of locking cylinders with different locking secrets. In this case the key shafts of the individual locking cylinders of the group (FIGS. 1a to 1e) with the same profile differ from one another by different grooves n1-n4, m1-m4 or / and ribs on at least one of the side surfaces 10l, 10r. Further differentiation possibilities lie in the variation of the breast edge area 10p. Still further differentiation possibilities lie in profile variations on the side surfaces 10l, 10r, which will be discussed later.

If one wants to build locking systems from the keys, according to FIGS. 1a to 1e, the choice of variation depends on the scope of the respective locking system. In a small locking system, for example, the variation from lock cylinder to lock cylinder or key to key can only be made by varying the position and dimension of the grooves. In the case of a larger locking system, subordinate locking cylinders can be used for the purpose of differentiation the system, the level variations in the area of the side surfaces 10r, 10l can also be used to control safety pins and / or springless additional locking pins, which will be discussed later.

Furthermore, distinctions can be made between individual locking cylinders and their keys by means of different profile variations in the area of the chest edge surface 1op, in which case intermediate plates can also be provided in series with the pin tumbler pairs to be controlled by the chest edge surface 10p, which also allow different profiles to be provided on the chest edge surface Single lock cylinder to be released or locked using a master key.

One can therefore create a sub-group corresponding to FIGS. 1a-1e of locking cylinders with the same envelope profile 10b of the key receiving channel and the associated key by distributing the grooves n1 to n4 and m1 to m4 similarly over the side surfaces 10l, 10r, but with the cross-sectional dimensions of the grooves n1 to n4, m1 to m4 or / and ribs from the locking cylinder, for example FIG. 1a, to the locking cylinder, for example FIG. 1e, at least partially different. It is particularly thought that the grooves or / and ribs of the individual locking cylinders are geometrically similar in their cross-sectional shape but differ in their cross-sectional size. The groove and rib shape is preferably varied only in its width, i.e. in its dimension parallel to the overall height of the shaft, while the depth of penetration of the grooves perpendicular to the central plane is made the same, i.e. in such a way that in all cases the ground clearance n2x according to Fig. 1a is the same. These specifications are particularly important because in this way you can obtain the individual shaft profiles and channel profiles with similar broaching and milling tools gets along, which is advantageous for the key shaft manufacturer and the lock cylinder manufacturer. The security against unauthorized imitation of key shafts is nevertheless guaranteed, if only because the grooves n1 to n4 and m1 to m4 are very difficult to mill into the side surfaces 10l and 10r due to the curved surfaces 10lg and 10rd. In order to be able to mill the grooves in such a way that they match the key receiving channel assigned to them, special clamping tools are required on the respective groove-milling machines to be used, which are either adapted to the respective curvature surface by complementary contact surfaces or can be adapted by adjustable support tracks .

The storage and possibly the supply of key services can be done in such a way that a set of intermediate key blanks is provided, which consistently have the same envelope profile, as shown in Fig. 1a to 1e, but differ by different groove design n1 to n4, m1 to differentiate m4 from each other. If such a set of intermediate key blanks is available in the factory warehouse or at the key service, for example for an arrangement according to FIGS. 1a to 1e, then only the respective intermediate key blank needs to be selected for a specific key requirement for a specific locking cylinder; on this level variations can then be worked into the chest edge surfaces 10p and / or the side surfaces 10l and 10r.

Further variation possibilities are indicated in FIGS. 2a to 2e. Different envelope profiles 10ba, 10bb, 10bc, 10bd, 10be can be seen in FIGS. 2a to 2e. 2a to 2e can be seen in the different radii rda, rdb ..., rga, rgb ... and in the different height coordinates hda, hdb ... and hga, hgb ... of the centers of curvature Mrda, billion ... or Mlga, Mlgb ... the different variations of the envelope profiles.

It can further be seen from FIGS. 2a to 2e that the angle between the back edge surface 10da and the arch surface 10rda, which is designated α in FIG. 2a, is between approximately 70 ° and approximately 100 °, and a transition angle β is also recognized between the curvature surface 10rda and the plane surface 10rpa, which is generally between 140 and 170 °.

By choosing the radii of curvature rda, rga ... and the height coordinates hda, hga ... the transition points between the curvature surfaces 10rda, ... and the plane surfaces 10rpa, ... can also be varied, which in Fig. 2b at ülb and are indicated in Fig. 2c at ülc.

Grooves can also be milled in FIGS. 2a to 2e, as already indicated in FIGS. 1a to 1e. It is possible to use grooving-milling rollers of the same geometry regardless of the respective envelope profile, which is again advantageous for the manufacturer. By choosing different envelope profiles, the number of differently locking locking cylinders can be increased greatly, regardless of whether you want to provide single-locking locking cylinders or locking systems. One can imagine, for example, that a locking system is built from each of the envelope profiles according to FIGS. 2a to 2e, according to the principle of the groove position or dimension variation according to FIGS. 1a to 1e. With regard to FIGS. 2a and 2e, one can also speak of an upper group of locking cylinder groups, each of the individual FIGS. 2a to 2e representing a group with the same shaft envelope profile. Such a group according to one of FIGS. 2a to 2e can then also be divided into several sub-groups, each of which is constructed approximately according to FIGS. 1a to 1e, within which Subgroup the groove distribution is basically similar to the groove dimensioning but differs from lock cylinder to lock cylinder or key shaft to key shaft. Other subgroups can then differ from the subgroup according to FIGS. 1a to 1e by different groove distribution.

In principle, however, it is also conceivable to group lock cylinders and associated keys in such a way that the groove distribution and dimensioning are basically the same in each group, but the envelope profiles are different. Then in a locking system, such as e.g. 2a to 2e corresponding group is built up, distinguish the individual locking cylinders and the associated keys by different envelope profiles, whereby the superordinate key would have to be assigned the slimmest envelope profile.

The following applies to stockpiling in the factory, a central warehouse or a locksmith:
For a group of locking cylinders, for example according to Fig. 2a, a set of intermediate key blanks is provided, which consist of the same envelope profile among themselves and which differ from one another according to the individual locking cylinders of the group by different grooves - and / or rib arrangement - for example according to Fig. 1a to Distinguish 1e. For a superordinate group of locking cylinders, i.e. an upper group of several groups of locking cylinders corresponding to several envelope profiles according to FIGS. 2a to 2e, a superordinate set of intermediate key blank sets is then kept ready, the individual key intermediate blank sets differing from one another by a different shaft envelope profile.

If one uses the other type of group formation indicated above, a set of intermediate blanks results in fundamentally the same groove arrangement, the individual key intermediate blanks within the set differing in different shaft envelope profiles. Subgroup formation is also conceivable here.

One can also consider keeping key pre-blanks in stock, which are only adapted to the respective locking cylinder if necessary by forming grooves. In this case, a set of key pre-blanks with a missing arrangement of the grooves and / or ribs will be kept in stock, the individual key pre-blanks differing in the shape of the shaft cover profile according to FIGS. 2a to 2e.

In Fig. 3 it is indicated that it is in no way necessary to form the curvature surfaces 10lg over their entire height with a uniform radius of curvature. Rather, it can be seen in FIG. 3 that upper and lower curvature surfaces 10go and 10gu small radius of curvature can be connected to a central curvature area of 10lgm radius of curvature.

4a and 4b each show a lock cylinder 16 with a core bore 18 and a lock cylinder core 20 rotatably mounted in this core bore 18 with a key receiving channel 12 for a key shaft 10. The key shaft 10 has the shape of the key shaft, for example according to FIG. 1, and the key receiving channel 12 has a corresponding profiling. The locking cylinder 16 has a locking cylinder housing 24 with a cock profile. Bores 28 for receiving housing pins 30a are provided in the profile bag 26 of the lock cylinder housing 24. These housing pins 30a are 32 in by springs Biased towards the axis A of the lock cylinder core 20 and cooperate with core pins 30b. The core pins 30b are received in corresponding core bores 34. The core bores 34 cut the key receiving channel 12. The radially inner ends of the core pins 30b cooperate with a profile variation on the chest edge surface 10p of the key shaft 10. The design of the profile variation on the chest edge surface 10p is of a conventional type; it is chosen such that when the key 10 is inserted, which is adapted to the locking secret, the housing pins 30a and core pins 30b are arranged in the radial direction as shown in FIG. 4a. The separating surface 36 then lies between the housing pins 30a and core pins 30b which belong together and form a pair of pin tumblers 30, in continuation of the inner peripheral surface of the core bore 18.

If this condition is fulfilled for all pin tumbler pairs arranged one behind the other in the axial direction A - and it is fulfilled if the locking secret-adjusted key is inserted - the cylinder core 20 can be rotated. The profile variation on the chest edge surface 10p thus represents an additional possibility of individualizing individual locking cylinders.

4a further shows that a mushroom-shaped security pin 40 is received in the locking cylinder core 20 in a remote security pin bore 38. The meaning of such a safety pin is shown in detail in DE-C2 31 23 511, where reference is made to position 24. To briefly explain such a safety pin:
The safety pin 40 lies with its inner end cap 40a on the undamaged arch surface 10lg of the shaft profile of the key shaft 10. The total length of the mushroom-shaped security pin 40 between its inner End cap 40a and its outer end cap 40b is selected so that when the locking cylinder core 20 rotates, the outer end cap 40b coincides with the inner circumferential surface of the core bore 18, and thus the cylinder core 20 can be rotated undisturbed over the housing pin bore 28. Here, it is of course assumed that the housing pin bore 28 and the core pin bore 34 lie in the same plane orthogonal to the axis A as the security pin 40.

If, as shown in FIG. 4b, an attempt is now made to turn the locking cylinder core 20 with a wrong key whose arch surfaces 10lg 'is ground or filed down, this is noticed by the security pin 40, in which the security pin 40 has a recessed position within the security pin bore 38 occupies. Then, as shown in FIG. 4b, the housing pin 30a can penetrate radially inwards and engage with an edge 44 of a recess 46 in the lock cylinder core 20 and thus inhibit the further rotation of the lock cylinder core 20. Thus, by using the security pin 40, an additional safeguard against unauthorized opening of the locking cylinder by an unauthorized person is achieved, which, in order to avoid adapting the key shaft to the channel profile, grinds the curved surfaces 10lg according to FIG. 4b to a flat surface 10lg '. 4a shows that two or more such safety pins can also be provided.

FIG. 5 shows the locking cylinder according to FIGS. 4a and 4b in another sectional plane, again orthogonal to the axis A. In FIG. 5 one can see a springless additional locking pin 48 with an inner tip 48a and an outer tip 48b. Here, a recess 50 is drilled or milled into the curved surface 10lg or alternatively also into the flat surface 10lp as part of a profile variation. This recess is Depth so matched to the length of the springless additional locking pin 48 (measured from crest 48a to crest 48b) that when the correct lock secret key 10 is inserted, crest 48b is tangent to the outer circumferential surface of cylinder core 20 and thus also to the inner circumferential surface of core bore 18 . Then the lock cylinder core 20 can be turned through 360 °. If the key 10 is pulled or inserted, the springless additional locking pin 48 is displaced radially outward by the flanks of the recess 50, which are not shown in FIG. 5, and is immersed in a crescent-shaped longitudinal groove 52 on the inner peripheral surface of the core bore 18. The pulling and inserting of the key 10 is therefore not inhibited as long as the key adapted to the locking secret is used. If a wrong key is inserted, which either has no or only an insufficient depth recess 50, the key can either not be inserted at all or the lock cylinder core 20 cannot be rotated because the springless additional locking pin 48 with its tip 48b in at the start of a turning attempt the crescent-shaped channel 52 is immersed.

Springless additional locking pins 48 according to FIG. 5 and safety pins 40 according to FIGS. 4c and 4b can be complementary to one another, as described and shown in detail in DE-C2 31 23 511. The blind pins described and drawn in DE-C2 31 23 511 can also be added (see item 38 in DE-C2 31 23 511). The safety pins, locking pins and possibly blind pins can be arranged throughout in planes orthogonal to the axis A, which also contain the tumbler pin pairs 30. In the case of springless additional locking pins, however, it is also conceivable that these lie in planes orthogonal to the axis, which are arranged between successive pairs of tumbler pins.

It is readily apparent that the design measures described with reference to FIGS. 4a to 5 provide additional customization options for locking cylinders according to the invention, regardless of whether they are used as individual locking cylinders or as parts of a locking system.

5a shows a key 10 for use in a locking cylinder 16 according to FIGS. 4a to 5. In FIG. 5a, the recesses 50 in the arch surface 10rd can be seen, which are intended for interaction with springless additional locking pins 48 (see FIG. 5) are. One recognizes here the possibility of arranging the additional locking pins 48 one behind the other in several planes orthogonal to the axis A and also recognizes the control surfaces 50a on the edge of the recesses 50, which are intended for pushing the springless additional locking pins into the crescent-shaped longitudinal groove 52. One can also see at the tip of the key 10 two ramp ramps 54, which are also shown in Fig. 5c. These run-up ramps serve to push the springless additional locking pins 48 back into the crescent-shaped grooves 52 when the key 10 is inserted.

In FIG. 5a, a handle 56 can also be seen on the key 10. This key handle can in principle be flat. However, it is also conceivable to continue the profile of the key shaft according to FIG. 5b into the grip area 56. It depends on the key making method. In principle, the key can be assembled from a shaft section and a handle part 56 by soldering or welding, for example when the key profile is extruded. However, it is also conceivable to obtain the entire key by embossing, the curvature surfaces 10rd and 10lg being formed by embossing or milling in the shaft area and in the handle area 56 whose flat side surfaces.

A further embodiment of a locking cylinder is shown in FIGS. 6a and 6b. Analog parts are designated by the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 to 5. In this embodiment, a key 110 with a shaft profile corresponding to that in FIGS. 4a to 5 can be seen again. In this embodiment, in orthogonal planes to the axis A, what are opposite the levels of the tumbler pin pairs are axially offset, locking lever 160 pivotally mounted about locking lever pivot pins 162. For details of this embodiment, reference is made to EP-A2 237 799. The following brief explanation is sufficient:

The locking levers 160 are pivotable about the pivot pins 162. The two ends 160a and 160b of the pivot levers 160 are designed as engagement hooks for engagement in recesses 165 and 167 on the inner peripheral surface of the core bore 118. The ends 160a are designed to scan the curvature surfaces 110lg and 110rd; they sense via styli 166, which rest against the intact shaft profile of the key 110, which is adapted to the locking secret, in the region of the curved surfaces 110lg and 110rd, namely under the action of the helical compression springs 168, which act on the lower ends 160b of the locking lever 160. If the correct locking secret-adjusted key is inserted, the two ends 160a and 160b lie flush with the inner circumferential surface of the core bore 118, so that the lock cylinder core 120 can be rotated, provided that the other requirements for the rotatability of the lock cylinder core are also met. If a wrong key, for example a filed key 110 'with ground side surfaces 110lg' and 110rd 'is inserted, the locking levers 160 are pivoted into the pivot position shown in FIG. 6b, so that the lower ends 160b hook into the recesses 167 and Rotation of the lock cylinder core 120, on which the locking levers 160 are mounted, is blocked.

The locking levers 160 are accommodated in axially normal slots 170 of the locking cylinder core 120. These slots 170 are expanded by bores 172. One can either provide a locking lever 160 in a slot 170 or - with the locking lever omitted - insert a safety pin into the bore 172 which belongs to this slot, as has been shown at 40 in FIGS. 4a and 4b, and with this security pin the bulge surfaces Scan 110lg or 110rd and achieve a similar blocking effect as shown in Fig. 4b and described in the associated description.

7 shows a further embodiment of a locking cylinder. However, this can also be a section through the arrangement according to FIG. 6 in another orthogonal plane. Here again, locking levers 260 are shown, which use profile pins 266 to scan profile variations in the region of the curved surfaces 210lg, 210rd. These profile variations are shown in FIG. 7 in the form of recesses 250. When the correct locking secret key 210 is inserted, the locking levers 260 are again set in their pivot position so that their ends 260a and 260b are out of engagement with the recesses 265 and 267 and the lock cylinder core can be rotated. If a wrong key is inserted, the recesses 250 of which are not adapted to the locking secret, one of the ends 260a engages in one of the recesses 265, 267, with the result that the locking cylinder is blocked. Here too, reference is made to the details of EP-A2 237 799 for details. It can be seen that the locking levers according to FIGS. 6a, 6b or / and FIG. 7 also allow the individualization of the locking cylinders and Key can push even further.

7a to 7c, a key shaft 210 can be seen which has an upper row of recesses 250 for interacting with the stylus pins 266 and a lower row of recesses 251 for interacting with springless additional locking pins, which can be accommodated in the slot-enlarged bores 272, to the extent no locking levers are assigned to the respective slots. At the key tip in FIGS. 7a and 7c, insertion bevels 254 can again be seen which push the feeler pins 266 or the springless additional locking pins of the bores 272 outwards when the key 210 is inserted.

With reference to FIGS. 5a, 5b and 7a, 7b, it should also be noted that the convex curvature of the key side surfaces also makes it difficult to drill in the recesses or domes, insofar as these are located in the convexly curved regions, because the drill tries to slide off , unless there is a device for the respective key shank with an adapted guide for the respective drill or milling cutter.

Regarding the height of the arch surfaces, it should also be noted that this preferably extends over approximately two thirds of the total shaft height h. The heights of the curvature surfaces can be the same or different on both sides of a key.

Claims (51)

Lock cylinder (16) with key (10, 56),
the lock cylinder comprises a lock cylinder housing (24) with a core bore (18), which has a core bore axis (A), and a cylinder core (20) rotatably mounted in the core bore (18) about the core bore axis (A), which has a core bore (A ) has an essentially parallel key receiving channel (12) with a channel profile,
the key comprises a key handle (56) and a key shaft (10) with a shaft axis (A) and with a shaft cover profile (10b), the shaft cover profile (10b) having a central plane (EE) containing the shaft axis (A), a back edge surface (10d ), a chest edge surface (10p) and two side surfaces (10l, 10r) on both sides of the central plane (EE), which has a shaft height (h) measured orthogonal to the shaft axis (A) and along the central plane (EE) and an orthogonal to the central plane (EE ) define the measured shaft width (25) variable along the shaft height (h),
at least one side surface (10l, 10r) has at least part of the shaft height (h) at least one convex-cylindrical curvature surface (10lg, 10rd) parallel to the shaft axis (A) and at least on one of the side surfaces (10l, 10r) grooves (n1-n4, m1-m4) or / and ribs which are parallel to the shaft axis (A) are formed, which in conjunction with the shaft sleeve profile (10b) result in a shaft profile (10a) adapted to the channel profile,
characterized,
that the at least one convex-cylindrical curvature surface (10lg, 10rd) has a maximum radius of curvature (rg, rd) at least in a partial area running parallel to the shaft axis (A), which is greater than the distance (S) of this partial area from the central plane (EE ). Lock cylinder according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the shaft height (h) is at least twice, preferably at least 2.5 times as large as the maximum shaft width (2s) or / and that the maximum radius of curvature (rg, rd) is approximately 1.5 times to approximately 6 times that corresponds to the maximum shaft width, preferably at least 2.5 times to at least 5 times. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 and 2,
characterized,
that the two side surfaces (10l, 10r) each have at least one bulge surface (10lg, 10rd). Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the curvature surface (10lg, 10rd) has the maximum radius of curvature (rg, rd) over its entire height extent. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that the curvature surface (10lg) has different radii of curvature (corresponding to 10lgm, 10lgo, 10lgu) over its entire height. Lock cylinder according to claim 5,
characterized,
that the curvature surface (10lg, 10rd) has the maximum radius of curvature in a central part (10lgm) of its vertical extent and has a smaller radius of curvature in at least one end region (10lg, 10lgu) of its vertical extent. Lock cylinder according to claim 1 to 6,
characterized,
that the at least one side surface (10l, 10r) in an envelope profile section close to the back edge surface (10d) is designed as a curved surface (10lg, 10rd) and in an envelope profile section close to the chest as a flat surface (10lp, 10rp). Lock cylinder according to claim 7,
characterized by
that the plane surface (10lp, 10rp) of the envelope profile section close to the chest is inclined or approximately parallel to the central plane (EE). Lock cylinder according to one of claims 7 to 8,
characterized,
that the curvature surface (10lga, 10rda) of the back-sewing envelope profile section with a back-sewing transition angle (α) of between approx. 70 and approx. 100 ° merges into the back edging surface (10da). Lock cylinder according to one of claims 7 to 9,
characterized,
that the curvature surface (10lga, 10rda) of the envelope profile section near the back merges with the transition angle (β) close to the chest of between approximately 140 ° and approximately 170 ° into the plane surface (10rpa) of the envelope profile section close to the chest. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized,
that the shaft envelope profile (10b) has approximately the shape of a bottle outline. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized,
that the back edge surface (10d) is adapted to the radius of the core bore (18). Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 12,
characterized,
that the chest edge surface (10p) for controlling spring-loaded tumbler pin pairs (30a, 30b) is designed to vary in level. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 13,
characterized,
that at least one of the side surfaces (10l, 10r) interacts with a locking element or security elements (40; 48; 160; 260) of the cylinder core (20; 120; 220) which influences the rotational mobility of the cylinder core (20; 120; 220). Lock cylinder according to claim 14,
characterized,
that at least one of the side surfaces (10l, 10r) cooperates with at least one springless additional locking pin (48) of the cylinder core (20). Lock cylinder according to claim 14 or 15,
characterized,
that at least one of the side surfaces (10l, 10r) cooperates with at least one safety pin (40) of the cylinder core (20). Lock cylinder according to one of claims 14 to 16,
characterized,
that at least one of the side surfaces (110l, 110r, 210l, 210r) cooperates with a locking lever (160, 260) mounted on the cylinder core (120; 220). Lock cylinder according to one of claims 14 to 17,
characterized,
that at least one of the side surfaces (10l, 10r) in the area of a key shaft tip is provided with an insertion slope (54; 254). Key (10, 56) for a locking cylinder (16) according to one of claims 1 to 18. A group of locking cylinders of different locking secrets, each with an assigned key according to one of claims 1 to 18,
characterized,
that the shaft cover profiles (10b) of the keys belonging to the individual locking cylinders of the group (Fig. 1a-1e) are identical. A group of lock cylinders according to claim 20,
characterized,
that the sheath profile-like key shafts of the individual locking cylinders (Fig. 1a-1e) of the group differ from each other by different grooves (n1-n4, m1-m4) or / and ribs on at least one of the side surfaces (10l, 10r) and / or by different profile variation distinguish the chest edge surface (10p) and / or by indisputable profile variation of at least one side surface (10l, 10r). A group of locking cylinders (Fig. 1a-1e) according to one of claims 20 and 21, which forms a hierarchically structured locking system. A subset of locking cylinders (Fig. 1a-1e) within a group of locking cylinders according to one of claims 20 to 22,
characterized,
that within the sub-group (Fig. 1a-1e) the distribution of the grooves (n1-n4, m1-m4) and / or ribs over the side surfaces (10l, 10r) for the different locking cylinders (Fig. 1a-1e) is basically similar , The cross-sectional dimensions of each other with regard to their position of corresponding grooves (n1-n4, m1-m4) and / or ribs, however, are at least partially different from the locking cylinder (FIG. 1a) to the locking cylinder (FIG. 1e). A subset of lock cylinders according to claim 23,
characterized,
that the mutually corresponding grooves (n1-n4, m1-m4) and / or ribs of the individual locking cylinders (FIGS. 1a-1e) are geometrically similar in their cross-sectional shape, but differ in their cross-sectional size. A subset of lock cylinders according to claim 24,
characterized,
that the grooves (n1-n4, m1-m4) or / and ribs corresponding to one another in terms of their position differ in their width measured in the direction of the shaft height (h), but their penetration depth (n2x) perpendicular to the central plane (EE) is the same are. An upper group of lock cylinder groups (Fig. 2a-2e) according to one of claims 20 to 25,
characterized by
that the individual groups (Fig. 2a-2e) within the upper group differ by different shaft envelope profiles (10ba, 10bb, 10bc ...) and channel profiles corresponding to them. An upper group of lock cylinder groups according to claim 26,
characterized,
that the shaft envelope profiles (10ba, 10bb ...) of the individual groups (Fig. 2a-2e) are characterized by different radii of curvature (rda, rdb ...) of the curvature surfaces (10lga, 1lgb ...) and / or different center positions (Mrda , Billb, ...) of the centers of curvature of the curvature surfaces (10lga, 10lgb, ...) or their subareas. A group of locking cylinders of different locking secrets, each with an assigned key according to one of claims 1 to 18,
characterized by
that the locking cylinders within the group have different shaft cover profiles (10ba, 10bc), while the grooves or / and ribs at least in their cross-sectional areas close to the central plane from the locking cylinder (Fig. 2a) to the locking cylinder (Fig. 2c) of the group (Fig. 2a) 2e) are identical. An upper group of lock cylinder groups according to claim 28,
characterized,
that the individual groups (for example the group of FIGS. 2a-2e) are basically the same position of the grooves and / or differentiate ribs in the individual groups (for example in the group of FIGS. 2a-2e) by different cross-sectional shapes of the grooves or / and ribs (corresponding to the differences between FIGS. 1a and 1e). A set of key intermediate blanks for keys to lock cylinders of a group according to one of claims 20 to 25,
characterized,
that the key intermediate blanks of the set (Fig. 1a-1e) have the same shaft cover profile (10b) and different groove and / or rib arrangement on each of at least one side surface (10l, 10r). A superordinate set of key intermediate ring sets (each one of these sets corresponding to one of FIGS. 2a-2e) according to claim 30,
characterized,
that the key intermediate blanks of the individual intermediate blank sets differ from one another by a different shaft shell profile (10ba, 10bb ...). A set of key blanks with still missing arrangement of the grooves and / or ribs for keys of the upper group of lock cylinder groups according to claim 26 or 27,
characterized,
that the key pre-blanks of the individual groups (in each case a group corresponding to one of FIGS. 2a-2e) differ from one another by different shapes of the shaft envelope profile (10ba, 10bb, ...). A set of key intermediate blanks for keys of a group of lock cylinders according to claim 28,
characterized,
that the intermediate blanks of the individual locking cylinders of the group (corresponding to FIGS. 2a-2e) with identical shape of the grooves (n1-n4, m1-m4) and / or ribs differ from one another at least in their cross-sectional areas close to the central plane by a different shape of the shaft envelope profile . Key (10, 56) for a locking cylinder, comprising a key handle (56) and a key shaft (10) with a shaft axis (A) and with a shaft cover profile (10b), the shaft cover profile (10b) containing a central plane containing the shaft axis (A) (EE), a back edge surface (10d), a chest edge surface (10p) and two side surfaces (10l, 10r) on both sides of the middle plane (EE), which has a shaft height measured orthogonally to the shaft axis (A) and along the middle plane (EE) (h ) and define a shaft width (25) which is measured orthogonal to the central plane (EE) and variable along the shaft height (h),
at least one side surface (10l, 10r) has at least part of the shaft height (h) at least one convex-cylindrical curvature surface (10lg, 10rd) parallel to the shaft axis (A) and at least on one of the side surfaces (10l, 10r) grooves (n1-n4, m1-m4) or / and ribs are formed which are parallel to the shaft axis (A) and which, in conjunction with the shaft sleeve profile (10b), result in a shaft profile (10a),
characterized,
that the at least one convex-cylindrical curvature surface (10lg, 10rd) has a maximum radius of curvature (rg, rd) which is greater than at least in a partial area running parallel to the shaft axis (A) the distance (S) of this section from the central plane (EE). Key according to claim 34,
characterized,
that the shaft height (h) is at least twice, preferably at least 2.5 times as large as the maximum shaft width (2s) or / and that the maximum radius of curvature (rg, rd) is approximately 1.5 times to approximately 6 times that corresponds to the maximum shaft width, preferably at least 2.5 times to at least 5 times. Key according to one of claims 34 and 35,
characterized,
that the two side surfaces (10l, 10r) each have at least one bulge surface (10lg, 10rd). Key according to one of claims 34 to 36,
characterized,
that the curvature surface (10lg, 10rd) has the maximum radius of curvature (rg, rd) over its entire height extent. Key according to one of claims 34 to 36,
characterized,
that the curvature surface (10lg) has different radii of curvature (corresponding to 10lgm, 10lgo, 10lgu) over its entire height. Key according to claim 38,
characterized,
that the curvature surface (10lg, 10rd) has the maximum radius of curvature in a central part (10lgm) of its vertical extent and has a smaller radius of curvature in at least one end region (10lg, 10lgu) of its vertical extent. Key according to claim 34 to 39,
characterized,
that the at least one side surface (10l, 10r) in an envelope profile section close to the back edge surface (10d) is designed as a curved surface (10lg, 10rd) and in an envelope profile section close to the chest edge surface (10p) as a flat surface (10lp, 10rp). Key according to claim 40,
characterized by
that the plane surface (10lp, 10rp) of the envelope profile section close to the chest is inclined or approximately parallel to the central plane (EE). Key according to one of claims 40 and 41,
characterized,
that the curvature surface (10lga, 10rda) of the back-sewing envelope profile section with a back-sewing transition angle (α) of between approx. 70 and approx. 100 ° merges into the back edging surface (10da). Key according to one of claims 40 to 42,
characterized,
that the curvature surface (10lga, 10rda) of the envelope profile section close to the back merges with the transition angle (β) close to the chest of between approximately 140 ° and approximately 170 ° into the plane surface (10rpa) of the envelope profile section close to the chest. Key according to one of claims 34 to 43,
characterized,
that the shaft envelope profile (10b) has approximately the shape of a bottle outline. Key according to one of claims 34 to 44,
characterized,
that the back edge surface (10d) is rounded. Key according to one of claims 34 to 45,
characterized,
that the chest edge surface (10p) for controlling spring-loaded tumbler pin pairs (30a, 30b) is designed to vary in level. Key according to one of claims 34 to 46,
characterized,
that at least one of the side surfaces (10l, 10r) is designed to interact with a locking element or safety element (40; 48; 160; 260) of the cylinder core (20; 120; 220) which influences the rotational mobility of a cylinder core (20; 120; 220). Key according to claim 47,
characterized,
that at least one of the side surfaces (10l, 10r) is designed to cooperate with at least one springless additional locking pin (48) of the cylinder core (20). Key according to claim 47 or 48,
characterized,
that at least one of the side surfaces (10l, 10r) is designed to cooperate with at least one safety pin (40) of the cylinder core (20). Key according to one of claims 47 to 49,
characterized,
that at least one of the side surfaces (110l, 110r, 210l, 210r) is designed to interact with a locking lever (160, 260) mounted on the cylinder core (120; 220). Key according to one of claims 47 to 50,
characterized,
that at least one of the side surfaces (10l, 10r) in the area of a key shaft tip is provided with an insertion slope (54; 254).

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