EP0607993B1 - Group of cylinder locks, cylinder lock for forming such a group, hierarchical locking device on the basis of such a group, key for the cylinder lock and method of manufacturing the key - Google Patents

Abstract

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a lock cylinder (10) with additional blocking pins (42) is proposed. The additional blocking pins (42) consist of an outer pin (42a) and of an inner pin (42b). The inner pin (42b) is offset axially relative to the outer pin (42a). The outer pin (42a) is inserted into an outer bore (36) of the lock-cylinder plug, whilst the inner pin (42b) can be inserted selectively into a plurality of inner bores (42b) contiguous to the outer bore (42a). Different positions of the respective level variation of the flat key (22) which is associated with the inner pins are also thereby obtained. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a group of lock cylinders, each lock cylinder comprising a lock cylinder housing, a lock cylinder core rotatably mounted in a cylindrical core receiving bore of the lock cylinder housing about an axis of the core bore with an outer core circumferential surface, an at least one key receiving channel that runs at least approximately parallel to the core bore axis within the lock cylinder core Keys for the introduction into this key receiving channel, key-controlled tumblers and at least one blocking body passage in the locking cylinder core, which extends approximately radially from the outer core peripheral surface to the key receiving channel and a blocking body in the at least one blocking body passage, the blocking body passage being a blocking body with a blocking body section near the outer core peripheral surface. hereinafter referred to as "A outer pin ", larger cross-section within a corresponding radially outer passage section, hereinafter referred to as" outer bore ", larger cross-section and a blocking body section closer to the key channel, hereinafter referred to as" inner pin ", smaller cross-section within a corresponding radially inner passage section, hereinafter referred to as" inner hole " , has a smaller cross-section, the inner pin with an inner pin axis being offset parallel to an outer pin axis, the radially inner end of the inner pin with level variations of a key side surface being in an interaction controlling the position of the blocking body along the outer bore axis or the inner bore axis, and wherein radially outer end of the outer pin cooperates with a counter-blocking structure which is non-rotatably fixed on the lock cylinder housing in the circumferential direction about the core bore axis.

Lock cylinders according to the type described above are known from DE-OS 15 53 529. In this known embodiment, a single blocking body, which consists of an outer section and an inner section, is accommodated in a plane perpendicular to the key channel plane and parallel to the key channel axis. The inner section is axially offset from the outer section. The radially inner end of the inner section interacts with a side surface of a flat key. On the side surface of a mysteriously adapted flat key, a profile elevation of such profile height is assigned to the area facing the inner inner pin end in the correctly inserted key that the outer end of the outer pin lies flush with the outer core peripheral surface. The axis of a spring-loaded tumbler pin pair, which has a core pin in a core pin bore of the lock cylinder core and a radially inward spring-loaded housing pin in a corresponding housing pin bore of the lock cylinder housing, also lies in the same plane orthogonal to the key axis in which the axis of the outer pin lies. When the mysterious key is inserted and the lock cylinder core is in its zero position, in which the key can be inserted and removed, there is a separating surface between the core pin and the housing pin in a flush position to a cylindrical separating surface between the inner circumference of the core receiving bore and the Outer circumference of the lock cylinder core. This means that the lock cylinder core can be taken away by turning the key. If, during this rotation, the blocking body passage reaches the area of the housing pin bore, the housing pin is pressed against the outer end of the outer pin, but it cannot fall into the outer pin bore, because the outer end of the outer pin is flush with said cylindrical interface. The rotation of the lock cylinder core with the key can therefore continue until the lock cylinder core has reached the desired end position. If, on the other hand, a non-adapted key is inserted into the key channel, for example a key that is ground flat for adaptation to different key channel profiles, the profile elevation assigned to the blocking body is also eliminated and the blocking body has mobility in the axial direction of the outer bore or the inner bore. If an attempt is then made again to turn the lock cylinder core by means of the key and the outer pin bore again comes into the area of the housing pin in the course of the rotation, the outer pin can be displaced radially inward by the radially inwardly spring-loaded housing pin, the housing pin then then into the outer bore comes up with. A further turning of the lock cylinder core is then prevented. A turning back of the lock cylinder core into the zero position may be made possible by a cam surface which adjoins the outer bore in a circumferential direction of the lock cylinder core and ensures that the housing pin is pushed back until it is flush with the cylindrical separating surface.

In the known embodiment, the subdivision of the blocking body into an outer pin and an axially offset inner pin and the existing subdivision of the blocking body passage have been introduced solely for the purpose of preventing rotation of the blocking body and inclined surfaces which are intended to displace the blocking body by a secret key are so that they can inevitably be inserted and held in the correct angular position.

An angular variation of the blocking body for the purpose of increasing the locking options is not disclosed in DE-OS 15 53 529.

The invention has for its object to further increase the number of locking options and the scanning security in a group of lock cylinders of the generic type. To achieve this object, it is proposed according to the invention that in a generic group of locking cylinders according to claim 1, the inner pin has a different angular position around the associated outer bore axis and with respect to an outer bore axis plane containing the outer bore axis and parallel to the core bore axis than the inner pin of a blocking body in another locking cylinder .

The fact that in the configuration of the group according to the invention in different locking cylinders of this group, the angular position of the inner pin around the bore axis of the outer bore can be adjusted differently, there is a multiplication of the locking possibilities by a factor which is the number of possible angular positions of the inner pin about the axis of the outer pin bore corresponds.

If one speaks of blocking bodies here, this expression is intended to encompass various embodiments, including blocking bodies which act as intermediate layer catching bodies, such as the blocking body according to DE-OS 15 53 529 discussed at the beginning. In this case, an "intermediate layer catching body" spoken because because of the possible radial inward displacement of the blocking body with the wrong key with missing level elevation, the housing pin of the tumbler pin pair lying in the same transverse plane can be "caught", in an "intermediate position" of the lock cylinder core, which the lock cylinder core can still reach when the lock cylinder core is rotated. The term "blocking body" is also intended to include "zero-position blocking body", also called "additional locking pins", which are based on another principle of action: an additional locking pin interacts with its radially inner end with a key and acts with its radially outer end with a recess in the inner circumferential surface of the core receiving bore. When the lock-secret key is inserted into the key channel, the additional locking pin faces with its radially inner end a level depression of the key and faces with its radially outer end a recess in the inner peripheral surface of the core receiving bore. Cam surfaces adjoin this recess in the circumferential direction of the core receiving bore. If the locking cylinder core is rotated by means of the inserted secret-adjusted key, the additional locking pin is moved radially inwards by interaction with one of the cam surfaces and reaches with its radially outer end in a position flush with the outer peripheral surface of the locking cylinder core. He can get in this position by radial inward displacement, because its radially inner end is opposite the aforementioned level sink of the key, in which this radially inner end can then just dive so far that the radially outer end of the additional locking pin is flush with the outer peripheral surface of the lock cylinder core lies. This means that the lock cylinder core can be rotated out of the angular position allowing the insertion and removal of the key by means of the secret-adapted key. If a non-adapted key is inserted into the key channel, the lock cylinder core can also be turned not be initiated if the tumbler pins of the lock cylinder are correctly arranged by the key, so that their respective separating surfaces lie flush with the cylindrical separating surface between the lock cylinder core and the core receiving bore. This is because the level sink associated with the radially inner end of the additional locking pin is missing in the key, so that the additional locking pin cannot be displaced sufficiently radially inward to become flush with the outer peripheral surface of the locking cylinder core at its radially outer end. Then, however, the radially outer end of the additional locking pin is still immersed in the radially innermost position of the additional locking pin in the recess of the inner peripheral surface of the core receiving bore and the rotation of the lock cylinder core from the zero position is inhibited. If the expression "zero-position blocking body" is used here for a blocking body that complies with this principle of action, it is because it blocks the twisting of the locking cylinder core from the zero position.

If one speaks of an inner pin in the representation of the invention described here, then the cross-sectional shape is not intended to be restrictive, a cylindrical cross-sectional shape is preferred; other cross-sectional shapes are possible. This also applies to the inner pin bore, which is preferably designed as a cylindrical bore, but which should also have other cross-sectional shapes, for example prismatic cross-sectional shapes, as can easily be obtained by means of electrical eroding technology or broaching technology. If there is further talk of an outer pin and an outer bore, then the cylindrical cross-sectional shape should again be regarded as preferred, but also with regard to the cross-sectional shape non-cylindrical, in particular prismatic cross-sectional shapes of the outer pin and the outer bore are conceivable.

The general wording of the blocking body passage with the radially outer passage section and the radially inner passage section is also intended to include an embodiment in which the radially inner passage section is formed by a single continuous passage which has a larger cross section than the radially inner blocking body section or outer pin, so that the radially inner blocking body section can assume different angular positions within the radially inner passage section, these angular positions being able to be determined by positive engagement between the radially outer passage section and the outer pin, for example by their configuration with a polygonal cross section, but can also be determined, for example, by a radially outer one The circumferential area of the inner pin engages positively in niches of the non-circular inner passage section.

The invention according to claim 1 is not limited to the fact that several angular positions for the blocking body are preformed in the blocking body passages. It is also possible that the angular position of the inner pin is determined during the manufacture of the lock cylinder core, for example by drilling only one hole corresponding to this angular position, into which the inner pin is then inserted about the outer hole axis while defining its angular position.

However, a solution is preferred in which the blocking body passage is formed in each case in the manufacture of the lock cylinder core in such a way that the blocking body is then in a desired one of a plurality of possible angular positions can be inserted into the blocking body passage. This is possible, for example, in that at least one blocking body passage in at least some of the locking cylinders has a plurality of inner bores, which are distributed over a pitch circle around the respective outer bore axis, the radius of the pitch circle being equal to the center distance between the outer bore axis and the inner bore axis.

If, in the presentation of the invention, there is still talk of a counter-blocking structure, this term is intended inter alia the respective recess in the inner circumferential surface of the core receiving bore mean in the event that the blocking body is designed according to the principle of the zero-position blocking body explained above. Furthermore, the term "counter-blocking structure" is also intended to include a housing pin, which was mentioned above in the event that the blocking body is designed as an intermediate layer catching body which, in the absence of a level elevation on a non-adapted key, dodges radially inwards and thus the incidence of one Housing pin allowed in the outer bore and thus catching the lock cylinder core in an intermediate layer.

In the case of a configuration of the blocking body passage having a plurality of inner bores, these are preferably distributed uniformly over the circumference of the partial cries, and at such a distance that adjacent level sinks can be fitted in the key without interfering interferences.

The number of inner bores can be any given the above limitation, for example two, three, four or eight inner bores can be arranged distributed over the circumference of the pitch circle. In a preferred embodiment, two inner bores are provided diametrically opposite one another in the outer bore axis plane.

The invention basically also includes solutions in which only one blocking body passage and accordingly only one blocking body is provided on one side surface or on two side surfaces of the key. However, in view of a further increase in the number of locking options, embodiments are preferred in which at least one side surface of the key is assigned a plurality of blocking body passages. For reasons of production technology, these should be arranged next to one another parallel to the core bore axis, as far as possible without intersection, preferably with the same distances between successive outer bore axes.

If the key receiving channel is designed for receiving a flat key with main side faces that are essentially parallel to one another and to a key center plane, then a group of blocking body passages is preferably provided for interaction with both main side faces.

The radially inner inner pin ends are preferably frustoconical or spherically tapered in order to cam-like with the level sinks on the key or the recesses on the inner circumferential surface of the core receiving bore to be able to work together. In the case of such a design, key-side cam surfaces and cam surfaces adjacent to the recesses in the inner circumferential surface of the core receiving borehole may be dispensed with.

The inventive design of a group of locking cylinders is particularly suitable for the formation of a locking system with a locking hierarchy in such a way that each locking cylinder can be actuated by an individual key assigned to it, which does not match other locking cylinders in the group; then the group can be assigned a superordinate key which fits all locking cylinders of the group.

In addition, the hierarchy can be further graduated in such a locking system in that individual subgroups of the group are each assigned a group key which fits all the locking cylinders of the respective subgroup, but not the locking cylinders of other subgroups.

• a) durch unterschiedliches Profil des Schlüsselaufnahmekanals und/oder
• b) durch unterschiedliche Ausbildung von Zuhaltungsstiftpaaren und/oder
• c) durch unterschiedliche Lokalisierung von Blockierkörpern und/oder
• d) durch unterschiedliche Typen von Blockierkörpern (Null-Lagen-Sperrkörper und Zwischenlagen-Fangkörper) und/oder
• e) durch unterschiedliche Winkelstellungen von Blockierkörpern und/oder
• f) durch Vorhandensein und Lokalisierung von Blindkörpern, welche eine jeweilige Außenbohrung unabhängig von der Niveaulage eines zugehörigen Schlüsselbereichs so vollständig ausfüllen, daß ihr äußeres Ende jeweils bündig mit der äußeren Kernumfangsfläche liegt.

The individualization of the locking cylinders within a subgroup or an entire group can be achieved in that the locking cylinders of a subgroup or the entire group differ from one another

• a) by different profile of the key receiving channel and / or
• b) through different training of tumbler pin pairs and / or
• c) by different localization of blocking bodies and / or
• d) by different types of blocking bodies (Zero-layer blocking body and intermediate layer catching body) and / or
• e) by different angular positions of blocking bodies and / or
• f) by the presence and location of blind bodies, which completely fill a respective outer bore regardless of the level of an associated key area so that its outer end is flush with the outer core peripheral surface.

Then the individual keys belonging to the individual locking cylinders will differ from one another by correspondingly different key profiles and / or correspondingly different level variations for controlling the respective tumblers and / or the respective blocking bodies, while the individual subgroups or the overall group associated higher-level keys have profiles and / or level variations which are compatible with all locking cylinders of the respective subgroup or the entire group.

Possibilities of locking system formation are shown for example in DE-AS 20 03 059 and DE-PS 31 23 511. In DE-AS 20 03 059 the number of closure variations can be increased by different arrangement of additional locking pins of the type described above.

DE-PS 31 23 511 shows the possibility of a combined application of zero-position locking bodies in the form of additional locking pins and of intermediate-layer catch bodies in the form of safety pins, the formation of a locking system being made possible by using blind pins.

In the case of larger locking systems with many individual locking cylinders and possibly several hierarchical levels, none of these known solutions offers such a large number of locking variations as can be achieved in the embodiment according to the invention by the angular position variation of the blocking bodies. A further increase in the number of locking variations is possible in that locking bodies of the type zero-position locking body and locking body of the type intermediate layer safety body are combined with one another and possibly also with blind pins in individual locking cylinders or in all locking cylinders.

In terms of production technology, it is important if the blocking bodies of one type are each produced with the same dimensions as one another. This is not only essential for the production of the locking cylinder, but also facilitates the attachment of the associated level variations of the keys, which accordingly have a constant level height, without the unauthorized key replication possibility being thereby facilitated.

The level elevations of the keys can, for example, be formed by a constant level height running parallel to the key axis, so that the level depressions can be formed by recesses in this control path, for example by drilling or milling.

In the case of subgroup keys or group keys which are suitable for actuating several locks in each case, several level sinks with correspondingly different angular positions of the inner pins in the individual locking cylinders are required for each blocking body passage. Here the level sinks can be designed in the form of troughs or troughs, so that the troughs or troughs each contain the level sinks associated with a number of individual keys. This makes it easier to manufacture the keys.

The invention further relates, according to claim 21, to a locking cylinder, in particular for forming a group of locking cylinders, comprising a locking cylinder housing, a locking cylinder core with an outer core circumferential surface mounted rotatably about a core bore axis in a cylindrical core receiving bore of the locking cylinder housing, and an at least approximately parallel to the core bore axis within the locking cylinder core Key receiving channel, at least one lock-secret-adapted key for introduction into this key receiving channel, key-controlled tumblers and at least one blocking body passage in the locking cylinder core, which extends approximately radially from the outer core circumferential surface to the key receiving channel, and a blocking body in the at least one blocking body passage, the blocking body passage with a blocking body passage outer core peripheral surface near blocking body r section, hereinafter referred to as "outer pin", larger cross section within a corresponding radially outer passage section, hereinafter referred to as "outer bore", larger cross section and a blocking body section closer to the key channel, hereinafter referred to as "inner pin", smaller cross section within a corresponding radially inner passage section, hereinafter referred to as "inner bore" has a smaller cross-section, the inner pin with an inner pin axis being offset parallel to an outer pin axis, wherein the radially inner end of the inner pin with level variations of a key side surface is in an interaction controlling the position of the blocking body along the outer bore axis or the inner bore axis, and wherein the radially outer end of the outer pin interacts with a counter-blocking structure which is non-rotatable in the circumferential direction on the lock cylinder housing about the core bore axis is fixed. Such a lock cylinder is in turn known from DE-PS 31 23 511. In order to be able to vary such a locking cylinder slightly, i.e. to provide a number of different locking cylinders within a group of individually locking locking cylinders or within a locking system, it is proposed that the blocking body passage radially inward following the outer bore has a plurality of inner bores which can be optionally occupied by the respective inner pin has, wherein these inner bores are distributed over a pitch circle, the radius of which corresponds to the axis offset between the outer pin axis and the inner pin axis, and that on the key adapted to the locking secret, the control level associated with the respective blocking body is arranged on a virtual circle, the center of which when the key is inserted is in alignment with the outer bore axis and its radius corresponds to the pitch circle radius, in an angular position corresponding to the angular position of the inner pin.

One can then, by inserting the inner pin in different inner bores, create differences between different locking cylinders, so that these can only be actuated by correspondingly different keys.

If the terms inner pin and outer pin are used here again, what has been said above applies to the cross-sectional shapes of the inner pins and outer pins.

With such a locking cylinder, the outer bore radius is preferably made approximately equal to the outer pin radius. The outside bore radius can be larger than the sum of the pitch circle radius and the inside pin radius. The inner bores can be arranged with the same angular spacing distributed over the pitch circle. According to an embodiment which is particularly easy to produce in conventional processing machines, it is provided that two inner bores diametrically opposite one another on the pitch circle lie next to one another in the longitudinal direction of the core bore axis. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that two inner bores diametrically opposite one another on the pitch circle lie one above the other in a transverse direction orthogonal to the core bore axis. Any other angular distributions are also possible.

The invention further relates to a locking cylinder key, which has level variations on at least one side surface for controlling a plurality of blocking bodies of an associated locking cylinder. It is provided that each level variation is arranged on a virtual circle corresponding to an individually defined angular position, these virtual circles having the same radius and being arranged with their center points on a connecting line parallel to the key axis with preferably the same center-to-center distances.

The level variations on the individual virtual circles in angular positions of the individual virtual circles assigned, identical and angular are identical to the angular grid with respect to the connecting line.

If such a key is an individual key for actuating a single locking cylinder inside or outside of a locking system, a maximum of one level variation will be arranged on each virtual circuit.

However, if it is a group key or superordinate key for a subgroup or the entire group of locking cylinders within a locking system, it can be the case that several level variations are arranged on at least part of the virtual circles. From a manufacturing point of view, it can prove to be advantageous if level variations of the same level height belonging to one and the same virtual circuit are connected to each other at a constant level. For example, two level sinks opposite each other diametrically with respect to the center point of the respective virtual circle can be connected to each other by a straight level channel.

If more than two level sinks are distributed over the entire circumference in a higher-level key, these can also be designed as parts of an annular depression or trough depression.

In the production of such a lock cylinder key, one usually starts from a profile-matched key blank and incorporates a large number of level variations into at least one side surface of the key blank. Here, the level variations are preferably in a side surface path of constant profile levels Bring the key side surface, which is wide enough that all occurring level sinks, even if they are not arranged along a common line with the appropriate choice of the angular grid, lie within the path width of this side surface path.

According to the invention according to claim 33, it is now provided in such a method that the profile variations on the circumferential lines of a plurality of virtual circles with the same radius are generated in accordance with an individually defined angular position, the center points of which lie on a connecting line parallel to the key axis, and the center point distances of which are greater or are equal to their double radius and preferably equal to each other.

In particular, one will generate the profile variations on the individual virtual circles in angular positions of angular grids, which angular grids are identical for the individual virtual circles and are angularly aligned with respect to the center connecting line.

In the case of metallic key blanks, the profile variations can be produced in particular by drilling or milling. In addition, stamping or electro-eroding is also conceivable.

The arrangement of the profile variations on virtual circles, the center points of which are arranged on a common connecting line parallel to the key axis and have the same distance, and the arrangement of the profile variations in identical angular grids across all virtual circles allows the keys to be generated on conventional key processing machines with relatively simple setting operations . Nevertheless, the replica falls to the unauthorized person the key is extremely difficult, especially if angular grids are selected in which the individual level sinks can also lie outside the connecting lines of the virtual circles. The unauthorized person then has to determine not only their position in the longitudinal direction of the key, but also in the vertical direction of the key channel during a scanning attempt for each inner bore of the respective locking cylinder core, and the latter determination is all the more difficult the smaller the distances between the individual angular positions of an angular grid. Then the height differences between the individual level sinks become particularly small and are particularly difficult to reproduce.

Figur 1

einen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Schließzylinder mit schließgeheimnisangepaßtem Schlüssel in der Null-Lage des Schließzylinderkerns;

Figur 2

einen Schnitt entsprechend der Figur 1, jedoch mit falschem Schlüssel;

Figur 3

einen Schnitt entsprechend der Figur 2 mit dem in Figur 2 vorgesehenen falschen Schlüssel nach Verdrehen des Schließzylinderkerns bis in eine Fangstellung;

Figur 4

einen Schnitt entsprechend Figur 1 mit einem anderen falschen Schlüssel;

Figur 5

einen Schnitt durch den Schließzylinderkern in einer Schnittebene entsprechend Figur 1;

Figur 6

eine Seitenansicht zu Figur 5 in Pfeilrichtung VI der Figur 5;

Figur 7

eine Mehrzahl von verschiedenen möglichen Lochbildern der Innenstiftbohrungen;

Figur 8a

einen Längsschnitt durch den Schließzylinderkern eines ersten Schließzylinders einer Schließanlage mit geheimnisangepaßtem Individualschlüssel;

Figur 8b

einen Längsschnitt durch den Schließzylinderkern eines zweiten Schließzylinders einer Schließanlage mit schließgeheimnisangepaßtem Individualschlüssel;

Figur 8c

einen Längsschnitt durch einen Gruppenschlüssel oder übergeordneten Schlüssel für die beiden Schließzylinder nach Figuren 8a und 8b;

Figur 9a

eine Seitenansicht auf den Individualschlüssel der Figur 8a in Pfeilrichtung IXa der Figur 8a;

Figur 9b

eine Seitenansicht auf den Individualschlüssel der Figur 8b in Pfeilrichtung IXb der Figur 8b;

Figur 9c

eine Seitenansicht auf den Gruppenschlüssel gemäß Figur 8c in Pfeilrichtung IXc der Figur 8c;

Figur 10a

den Schließzylinderkern gemäß Fig. 8a mit dem übergeordneten Schlüssel gemäß Figuren 8c und 9c;

Figur 10b

den Schließzylinderkern gemäß Fig. 8b mit dem übergeordneten Schlüssel gemäß Figuren 8c und 9c;

Figur 11

1 eine Seitenansicht eines übergeordneten Schlüssels, bei dem jeweils zwei Niveausenken als Niveausenkenrinnen ausgebildet sind;

Figuren 12a, 12b und 12c

Längsschnitte durch die Kerne zweier Schließzylinder mit schließgeheimnisangepaßten Individualschlüsseln und einen diesen Schließzylindern angepaßten Gruppenschlüssel bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Schließanlage und

Figuren 13a, 13b und 13c

Längsschnitte durch die Kerne zweier Schließzylinder mit schließgeheimnisangepaßten Individualschlüsseln und mit einem zugehörigen übergeordneten Schlüssel bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung.

The accompanying figures explain the invention using an exemplary embodiment; it represents:

Figure 1

a cross section through a lock cylinder according to the invention with a lock secret key in the zero position of the lock cylinder core;

Figure 2

a section corresponding to Figure 1, but with the wrong key;

Figure 3

a section corresponding to Figure 2 with the wrong key provided in Figure 2 after turning the lock cylinder core into a catch position;

Figure 4

a section corresponding to Figure 1 with another wrong key;

Figure 5

a section through the lock cylinder core in a sectional plane corresponding to Figure 1;

Figure 6

a side view of Figure 5 in the direction of arrow VI of Figure 5;

Figure 7

a plurality of different possible hole patterns of the inner pin bores;

Figure 8a

a longitudinal section through the lock cylinder core of a first lock cylinder of a locking system with a secret-adapted individual key;

Figure 8b

a longitudinal section through the lock cylinder core of a second lock cylinder of a locking system with an individual key adapted to the locking secret;

Figure 8c

a longitudinal section through a group key or parent key for the two locking cylinders according to Figures 8a and 8b;

Figure 9a

a side view of the individual key of Figure 8a in the direction of arrow IXa of Figure 8a;

Figure 9b

a side view of the individual key of Figure 8b in the direction of arrow IXb of Figure 8b;

Figure 9c

a side view of the group key according to Figure 8c in the direction of arrow IXc of Figure 8c;

Figure 10a

the lock cylinder core according to FIG. 8a with the superordinate key according to FIGS. 8c and 9c;

Figure 10b

the lock cylinder core according to FIG. 8b with the superordinate key according to FIGS. 8c and 9c;

Figure 11

1 shows a side view of a superordinate key, in which two level sinks are each formed as level sink channels;

Figures 12a, 12b and 12c

Longitudinal sections through the cores of two locking cylinders with individual keys adapted to the locking secret and a group key adapted to these locking cylinders in a further embodiment of a locking system and

Figures 13a, 13b and 13c

Longitudinal sections through the cores of two locking cylinders with individual keys adapted to the locking secret and with an associated superordinate key in a further embodiment of the invention.

The lock cylinder 10 shown in Figures 1,2,3 and 4 comprises a lock cylinder housing 12 with a so-called. HAHN profile, ie a lock cylinder housing with an essentially cylindrical head part and a profile extension adjoining this head part. In the lock cylinder housing 12, a core receiving bore 14 is provided, the axis of which is designated Ax. In the core receiving bore 14, a lock cylinder core 16 is received, which has an outer cylindrical core peripheral surface 18. The lock cylinder core 16 has a key receiving channel 20 which is profiled in accordance with the usual profiling of flat keys. A lock secret key 22 is inserted into the key receiving channel 20. The key chest is serrated in the usual way, ie varies in level, and works with pairs of tumbler pins, one of which is shown and designated by 24. This tumbler pin pair 24 consists of a core pin 26 and a housing pin 28, the housing pin 28 being received in a housing pin bore 32 and the core pin 26 in a core pin bore 30. The lock secret-adapted flat key 22 is jagged or level-varied in its key face such that in the correct insertion position of this key 22 the tumbler pin pair 24 assumes the position shown in FIG. 1, the separating surface 26-28 between the two pins, core pin 26 and housing pin 28, being flush lies with the separating surface 14-18 between the lock cylinder core 16 and the lock cylinder housing 12. This position is maintained by a helical compression spring 34, which is received in the housing pin bore 32, is supported against its lower closed end and acts on the housing pin 28 to push it upwards. Several tumbler pin pairs 24 are arranged along the core bore axis in transverse planes.

In the same transverse plane as the tumbler pin pair 24 there is a blocking body passage 36 on each side of a key channel center plane M-M, which is composed of an outer passage section 38, hereinafter referred to as "outer bore" and an inner passage section 40, hereinafter referred to as "inner bore". A first type of blocking body 42, which is composed of an outer pin 42a and an inner pin 42b, is received in the left blocking body passage 36. A second type of blocking body, which is denoted by 44 and is composed of an outer pin 44a and an inner pin 44b, is accommodated in the blocking body passage 36 arranged on the right of the plane M-M.

First of all, consider the blocking body 42, which for the reasons explained at the outset is designed as a zero-position blocking body and is referred to below as an additional locking pin in accordance with the usual technical terminology. This additional locking pin is guided essentially radially displaceably in the outer bore 38 and the inner bore 40. The outer pin 42a has a spherically rounded radially outer end surface 42c, while the inner pin 42b has a spherically rounded end surface 42d at its radially inner end. The axis of the outer bore 38 is for reasons Simplified drawing in Figure 2 and there designated X, while the axis of the inner bore 40 is designated Y.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the two axes X and Y are offset in parallel by a distance e. The axes of the outer pins 42a and 44a each coincide with the axis X of the outer bore 38, so that X is also used to designate the axes of the outer pins 42a and 44a. On the other hand, the axes of the inner pins 42b and 44b coincide with the axis Y of the inner bore 40, so that Y is also used to designate the axes of the inner pins 42b and 44b.

The inner pin 42b dips with its radially inner end into a level depression 46 of the key 22. The total length of the additional locking pin consisting of inner pin 42b and outer pin 42a is dimensioned such that the spherical end surface 42c lies tangentially against the outer core peripheral surface 18 when the inner spherical end surface 42d of the inner pin 42b is completely immersed in the level depression 46. In FIG. 1, the locking cylinder core 16 is angularly in a zero position, which is characterized in that the core pin channel 30 and the housing pin channel 32 are aligned with one another. In this zero position, the outer end surface 42c of the additional locking pin 42 faces a crescent-shaped recess 48 in the inner peripheral surface of the core receiving bore 14. If - starting from the zero position shown in FIG. 1 - the lock cylinder core 16 is rotated by means of the fully inserted, secret-adapted key 22, this is possible because the parting plane 26-28 between the two tumbler pins 26 and 28 with the parting surface 14 -18 between the lock cylinder core 16 and the lock cylinder housing 12 and because, on the other hand, the spherical end face 42c of the outer pin 42a does not protrude beyond the outer circumferential surface 18 of the lock cylinder core 16 and thus does not protrude into the crescent-shaped recess 48. The rotation of the lock cylinder core 16 can therefore begin.

It is now considered in detail the blocking body 44 located on the right of the plane M-M, which can be understood as an intermediate layer catcher and is referred to below as a safety pin in accordance with the usual terminology according to DE-PS 31 23 511. This safety pin 44 is similar in shape to the additional locking pin 42, but different in length from the additional locking pin 42. It can be seen that the end surface 44d of the inner pin 44b, which in turn has a spherical shape, rests on a surface region 50 of the key 22 which is not recessed and therefore - to put it positively - referred to as a level elevation. The length of the inner pin 44b is shorter than the length of the inner pin 42b. This results in a shorter overall length of the safety pin 44 with the same length of the respective outer pin 42a or 44a. This overall length is now adjusted so that when the inner pin 44b rests on the level elevation 50, the spherical outer surface 44c of the outer pin 44a in turn lies flush with the outer peripheral surface 18 of the lock cylinder core.

If the lock cylinder core 16 is now rotated further by means of the key 22, the spherical end surface 44c of the outer pin 44a comes into the area of the housing pin bore 32 after a rotation of approximately 90 ° in the clockwise direction. The spherical end surface 44c of the outer pin 44a can thereby pass over the Area of the housing pin bore 32 slide away unhindered, because the housing pin 28 is prevented by the position of the safety pin 44 from falling into the outer bore 38. Of course, the use of a secret-adapted key, which has the level elevation 50 in the correct place, is again required.

This shows that when a secret-adapted key 22 is completely inserted, the lock cylinder core 16 can be freely rotated in the core receiving bore 14. If, as shown in FIG. 2, an incorrect key 22 'is used which differs from the key 22 according to FIG. 1 by a level depression 50' instead of the level elevation 50 according to FIG. 1, the inner pin 44b can fall into the level depression 50 ' , as shown in Figure 2. Since the arrangement according to FIG. 2 is identical to the difference between level sink 50 'instead of level elevation 50, in FIG. 2 the lock cylinder core can again be turned clockwise, but only by approximately 90 °. If the outer bore 38 comes into the area of the housing pin bore 32, the housing pin 28 can fall radially inward into the outer bore 38 of the safety pin 44 under the action of the helical compression spring 34, so that the state according to FIG. 3 results. It is then not possible to continue turning. This shows that the wrong key 22 'is not suitable for the correct actuation of the locking cylinder because of the change in the area of the level elevation 50 or 50'. The locking cylinder core 16 is caught in the angular position according to FIG. 3, it is blocked and cannot be turned any further. A door lock in which the lock cylinder is installed, for example, cannot be opened in this way.

Another incorrect key 22 ″ is shown in FIG. 4; This differs from the key 22 according to FIG. 1 in that a level elevation 46 'has taken the place of the level sink 46. The consequence of this is that the outer pin 42a dips into the recess 48 with its spherical end face 42c. If an attempt is now made to turn the locking cylinder core 16 clockwise by means of the key 22 ″, clamping occurs immediately because the outer pin 42a is held in the recess 48.

It should also be added to FIG. 3 that a rotation of the locking cylinder core 16 from the angular position shown in FIG. 3 in the zero position according to FIG. 1 is readily possible because the housing pin 28 counterclockwise with a cam surface 52 when the locking cylinder core 16 is turned back of the lock cylinder core 16 engages and is thereby pushed back radially outwards.

It should be noted that the additional locking pin 42 according to FIG. 1 can in principle be arranged in each transverse plane perpendicular to the axis A, since it does not necessarily work together with the tumbler pin pair 24. If, as shown in FIG. 1, the additional locking pin 42 is placed with its axis X in the cross-sectional plane in which the axis of the pins 28 and 26 also lies, it is only necessary to ensure that the outer pin 42a with its spherical end face 42c is hooked on can pass the housing pin 28.

The same applies to the safety pin 44, the function of which only occurs when it moves in with its axis X, or rather, with the axis X of its outer pin 44a lies in the transverse plane in which the axis of the bores 30 and 32 also lies, because only then can the housing pin 28 fall into the outer bore 38 when it reaches the position according to FIG. 3, what it should do if an incorrect key according to 22 'is used .

FIGS. 5 and 6 show the principle of the present invention on the basis of the illustration of the lock cylinder core 16. The locking body passages 36 with the outer bores 38 and the inner bores 40, the cam surfaces 52, the key receiving channel 20 and the core pin bore 30 are again shown in the locking cylinder core 16. The statements made in connection with FIGS. 1 and 2 apply to the displacement of the outer bore axis X and the inner bore axis Y. If one now looks at FIG. 6, it can be seen that blocking body passages 36 and associated tumbler pin pairs according to FIG. 1 are arranged in several planes A, B, C and D, which are arranged along the core bore axis Ax (= lock cylinder core axis) orthogonal to this. 6 shows that the axes X of the outer bores are arranged along a line L parallel to the lock cylinder axis Ax at equal distances d from each other and that the inner bore axes Y are arranged on angular grids WR, in the example of FIG. 6 on angular grids WR, one grid line is parallel to the lock cylinder axis Ax. Such an angular grid WR is drawn out next to FIG. 6. This angular grid includes four angular positions α, β, γ, δ, which have the same angular distances of 90 ° from each other, the angular positions α and γ coinciding with the line L. The outer bore axis X coincides in all cases with the zero point of the angular grid WR and lies in the respective transverse plane A, B, C, D, in which the respective Pin tumbler lies. It can be seen that in plane A the inner bore axis Y in the angular position β, in plane B the inner bore axis Y in the position α, in plane C the inner bore axis Y in the position δ and in plane D the inner bore axis Y in the position γ lies.

It is readily apparent that an associated flat key must have its level variation, that is to say level depressions 46 and level elevations 50, in corresponding angular positions. The axes Y of the inner bore 40 lie on a pitch circle TK about the axis X, the radius r of which corresponds to the center distance e between the inner bore axis Y and the outer bore axis X (FIG. 2).

In FIG. 6 it is now assumed that there is only one inner bore 40 for each outer bore 38 in an individual lock cylinder core provided for a specific lock cylinder. This means that each lock cylinder 16 must be manufactured individually.

It can be seen from FIG. 6 that a variety of different locking cylinders can be provided by different positions of the inner bore axes Y in the angular grid WR and in each case on the pitch circle TK, to which different individual keys are assigned accordingly. By using different blocking body types, namely either additional locking pins 42 or safety pins 44, in the different blocking body openings, the number of possible variations can be increased further. Finally, a further increase in the number of locking variations can be achieved by providing different tumbler pin pairs 24, for the control of which the level variations along the respective key face (= radially inner narrow side of the key 22) must also be different.

A further embodiment is shown in principle in FIG. 7 shows in all representations a), b), c), d), e), f), g) and h) different angular grids, the angular grid according to c) corresponding to the angular grid WR according to FIG. 6. The pitch circle TK with the pitch circle radius r can also be recognized there. Inner bores 40α, 40β, 40γ and 40δ with inner bore axes Yα, Yβ, Yγ and Yδ are now indicated on the pitch circle TK. Each of these inner bores 40α to 40δ is predrilled to each of the planes A to D. Individual locking cylinders of a group of locking cylinders can be made different by using 36 different locking bodies, i.e. additional locking pins or security pins, in the individual blocking body passages and by inserting the respective inner pins of these additional locking pins or security pins into different inner bores 40α to 40δ.

Views a), b), e), f), g) and h) show other options for angular grid geometries. The largest number of angle setting options can be seen in view a).

FIGS. 8a and 8b show two locking cylinders which together form a simplest locking system. Both locking cylinders each have two blocking body passages 36 and a pair of tumblers (not shown) in a total of 4 planes A to D which are laid out analogously. The angular grid corresponds to view g) of FIG. 7. The unoccupied inner bores are not shown in FIGS. 8a and 8b. One can either assume that these are suppressed only in the drawing, but one can also assume that, according to the description of FIG. 6, they are not present at all by the individual locking cylinder cores the individual locking cylinders are individually drilled. If one now considers FIG. 8a and FIG. 7 at the same time, it can be seen that on the left side I of FIG. 8a the inner bores and types of blocking bodies are distributed according to the following scheme: Table 1 level Angular position Block type A γ Additional locking pin 42 B α Additional block 42 C. γ Safety pin 44 D α Safety pin 44

On the right side II there is the following distribution scheme: Table 2 level Angular position Block type A γ Additional locking pin 42 B α Additional locking pin 42 C. γ Safety pin 44 D α Safety pin 44

The following scheme applies to the locking cylinder according to FIG. 8b, left side I: Table 3 level Angular position Block type A α Safety pin 44 B γ Safety pin 44 C. α Additional locking pin 42 D γ Additional locking pin 42

The following scheme applies to the locking cylinder according to FIG. 8b, right side II: Table 4 level Angular position Block type A α Safety pin 44 B γ Safety pin 44 C. α Additional locking pin 42 D γ Additional locking pin 42

Note: When determining the angular positions, it is assumed that the key is viewed in the same way IXa for each side of the key. So when looking at the right side surface II you look through the key.

In Figure 9a, the left key side surface 22aI of the key 22a, i.e. the left side surface in FIG. 8a of the key 22a belonging to the locking cylinder according to FIG. 8a is shown. The level sinks 46 are each shown with a ⊙, while the level elevations 50 are each shown with a ●.

FIG. 9b shows the left side surface 22bI of the key 22b in FIG. 8b, which fits into the locking cylinder of FIG. 8b.

The key side surface 22aI of FIG. 9a can also be described as follows: The level variations, i.e. the level depressions 46 and the level elevations 50 lie on virtual circles VK with the radii r in angular positions α and γ. With respect to plane A, a level sink 46 γ lies in the angular position γ. With respect to plane B, a level sink 46α lies in the angular position α. With respect to the plane C, a level elevation 50 γ lies in the angular position γ and with respect to the plane D a level elevation 50 α lies in the angular position α.

An analogous description can of course be made on the key side surface 22bI of the key 22b from FIG. 8b, as shown in FIG. 9b.

The locking cylinders according to FIGS. 8a and 8b both contain the appropriate key 22a or 22b and can be turned. If the keys 22a and 22b are mixed up, the locking cylinders cannot be turned. This is explained by way of example as follows: If the key 22b from FIG. 8b is inserted into the locking cylinder according to FIG. 8a, the left additional locking pin 42 from FIG. 8a, which belongs to plane A, does not find a level sink in the key position 22b in the angular position γ . The additional locking pin 42 belonging to level A then projects radially outward beyond the locking cylinder core and engages in the recess 48 according to FIG. 1.

FIG. 8c shows a superordinate key 22c which can lock both locking cylinders according to FIGS. 8a and 8b. The left side surface 22cI of the superordinate key 22c is shown in FIG. 9c. One can see here a level elevation 50α and a level depression 46γ, level B a level depression 46α and a level elevation 50γ, level C a level depression 46α and a level elevation 50γ and level D a level elevation 50α and a level depression 46γ. All level variations from FIGS. 9a and 9b in FIG. 9c for the left-hand side I are thus realized jointly. However, the superordinate key 22c according to FIG. 8c can actuate the locking cylinder of FIG. 8a, as can be seen from FIG. 10a, and it can also actuate the locking cylinder of FIG. 8b, as can be seen from FIG. 10b. The lock cylinder core of FIG. 8a is designated 16a and the lock cylinder core of FIG. 8b is 16b.

The meaning of the locking system according to FIGS. 8a to 10b can be described as follows: A room a is designed with the locking cylinder according to FIG. 8a, a room b is executed with the locking cylinder according to Figure 8b. The occupant of room a has the key 22a, the occupant of room b has the key 22b. The caretaker should have access to both rooms and has the key 22c. However, the occupants of both rooms a and b have no access to the room of the other occupant.

In FIGS. 12a-12c, a further locking system is represented in each case by the locking cylinder core with the associated keys and with a superordinate key. In FIG. 12a, a blind pin 60 is inserted on the left side I of level A, the outer pin 60a of which is extended in such a way that it fills the outer bore 38 over its entire length and is flush with its spherical end surface 60c to the outer peripheral surface 18 of the lock cylinder core 16a. The inner pin 60b of the blind pin 60 is dimensioned so short that the outer pin 60a is completely countersunk in the outer bore 38, even if there is no level sink in the key 22a for the inner pin 60b, as shown in FIG. 12a. In FIG. 12b, an additional locking pin 42 is provided in the transverse plane A on the left side I and accordingly the matching key 22b has a level sink 46 in the region of the transverse plane A. When comparing FIGS. 12a and 12b, it can be seen that the inner pin 60b of FIG. 12a and the inner pin 42b of FIG. 12b assume identical angular positions γ in the angular grid according to FIG. The reason for using the blind pin 60 in the locking cylinder according to FIG. 12a is as follows: If a security pin 44 of the type shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and described in the corresponding description passage were to be used in place of the blind pin 60, the key 22a would have to be opened its left side I in the area of the transverse plane A in the angular position γ one Have level elevation 50 so that the safety pin is flush with the outer end of its outer pin to the outer peripheral surface 18. However, this would mean that a superordinate key 22c according to FIG. 12c, which has a level sink 46 on the left side in the area of level A, would have to have a level elevation 50 in the same place for compatibility with the inner pin 42b from FIG. 12b, so that in Lock cylinder the security pin 44 inserted instead of the blind pin 60 assumes its outer position necessary for turning the key according to the right half of FIG. 1.

Now, however, it is not possible to simultaneously provide a level depression 46 and a level elevation 50 at the same location on a specific key side surface. A higher-level key for the locking cylinder according to FIGS. 12a and 12b would therefore no longer be possible if a security pin 44 were present in FIG. 12a instead of the blind pin 60. A superordinate key 22c according to FIG. 12c is possible, however, if the blind pin according to FIG. 12a is present. This blind pin 60 is in fact able to allow the locking of the locking cylinder core 16 according to FIG. 1 if its inner pin 60b is opposed by a level depression 46 instead of a level elevation 50 because, regardless of whether the key is a level depression relative to its inner pin 60b or has a level elevation, cannot be displaced radially inwards with respect to the outer peripheral surface 18. Thus, thanks to the additional introduction of the blind pins, it is possible to use "filler elements" 42 and 60 at the same location of two different locking cylinders with the same angular position, namely an additional locking pin 42 in FIG. 12b and one To provide blind pin 60 in FIG. 12a and nevertheless a superordinate key 22c which has a level sink 46 at the corresponding position.

The same applies to level B on the right side II, where an additional locking pin 42 is provided on the right side II in FIG. 12a and a blind pin 60 is provided in FIG. 12b. Therefore, the superordinate key 22c may in turn have a level sink 46 in the area of level B. This level sink 46 is compatible with the additional locking pin 42 from level B in FIG. 12a and is also compatible with the blind pin 60 from level B in FIG. 12b.

If one only looks at the upper sections with the transverse planes A and B of the locking cylinder cores in FIGS. 12a and 12b, one assumes that the blocking body passages and the blocking bodies of the transverse planes C and D are not present at all, then a locking system already exists : The key 22a actuates the lock according to FIG. 12a and the key 22b actuates the lock according to FIG. 12b. If the key 22b is inserted into the locking cylinder according to FIG. 12a, it cannot unlock this lock because the key 22b in the region of the transverse plane B on the right side II has no level sink 46 which moves the inner pin 42b of the additional locking pin 42 out of the plane B of Figure 12a could record. On the other hand, the key 22a cannot be used to actuate the lock 12b, because the key 22a on its left side I in the region of the transverse plane A has no level depression, as is necessary for actuating the locking cylinder according to FIG. 12b, around the inner pin 42b of the additional locking pin 42 to be recorded in level A. The parent Key 22c, on the other hand, locks the two locking cylinders according to FIGS. 12a and 12b because it has a level sink 46 on both sides I and II in levels A and B.

For further details of this blind pin principle, reference is made to DE-PS 31 23 511.

From the above description of the mode of operation of the blind pins 60, the following can be stated: If locking systems are additionally built using blind pins, two lock cylinders can be individualized even if AI lock body passages 36 with identical angular position in the same position in the two lock cylinders Internal holes are provided and occupied and you can still provide a parent key for these two locking cylinders.

It follows from this that by using the blind pin principle known from DE-PS 31 23 511, the number of possible locking variations within a locking system can be increased even further. However, it is expressly pointed out the following: While according to DE-PS 31 23 511 the provision of the blind pins is necessary in order to be able to design locking cylinders differently at all by changing the pin and to be able to actuate these differently designed locking cylinders with a superordinate key, the can Solution according to the invention - as illustrated with the aid of FIGS. 8a-10b - basically also build locking systems without blind pins, simply because different angular positions can be selected in the individual blocking body passages for the respective blocking bodies in accordance with the respective angular grid. That is why in the solution according to the invention Introduction of the blind pins is only an additional advantageous possibility, for example to further increase the number of closure variations.

A further embodiment of a locking system is shown in FIGS. 13a-13c. The following peculiarity exists here: in the locking cylinder core 16a according to FIG. 13a and in the locking cylinder core 16b according to FIG. 13b, an additional locking pin 42 is provided on the left side I in the transverse plane B. The two additional locking pins 42 of the two locking cylinders are assigned in the transverse planes B level sinks, namely a level sink 46α in the key 22a and a level sink 46γ in the key 22b, namely that in the key 22a according to FIG. 13a the level sink 46α is in the angular position α according to Angular grid WR according to FIG. 7g, while in the key 22b according to FIG. 13b the level sink 46γ is in the angular position γ after the angular grid WR according to FIG. 7g. This means that the two level sinks 46α and 46γ from FIGS. 13a and 13b must be present in the superordinate key according to FIG. 13c. Since the level sinks are close together because of the necessarily very small size of the axis offset e (= radius r of a virtual circle VK), a mutual intersection of these level sinks 46α and 46γ can occur in the key 22c according to FIG. 13c. Instead of the individual level sinks 46α and 46γ, a level sink channel can be provided in the superordinate key 22c, which contains the two level sinks 46α and 46γ and which is therefore designated in FIG. 13c with 46αγ.

Otherwise, the locking system according to FIGS. 13a-13c behaves in exactly the same way as the locking system that has been described in connection with FIGS. 8a-10b Further development according to FIGS. 12a-12c is used, as indicated by the blind pins 60 in FIGS. 13a and 13b. Thanks to an angular variation, for example according to Figure 7a, and thanks to the use of blind pins, extremely many locking variations can be made possible within a locking system, to which superordinate subgroup keys (master key) and a superordinate overall group key (general master key) can be assigned in a multi-level hierarchy.

FIG. 11 shows a superordinate key for a locking system, in the locking cylinder of which the inner bores 40 are distributed according to the angular grid WR according to FIG. 7a and accordingly the level sinks 46 and level elevations 50 must be arranged on virtual circles in a corresponding angle grid. It can be seen here that a pair of level sinks 46β, 46δ, a pair of level sinks 46ζ, 46ϑ, a pair of level sinks 46ε, 46η and a pair of level sinks 46α, 46γ are each replaced by a leveling channel 46βδ ... or a leveling channel 46αγ.

If the superordinate key 22c according to FIG. 11 is intended to actuate a group of locking cylinders in which all the angular positions α-ϑ according to FIG. 7a occur in the plane A, the leveling trough 46βδ can be seen through a leveling trough 46α shown in dashed lines in FIG Replace-,, which includes all level sinks 46α -46..

Since in FIGS. 8a-10b the level sinks 46 and the level elevations 50 each coincide with the line K, that is the connecting line of the center line of the virtual circles VK, in accordance with the angle grid used there According to FIG. 7g, for the sake of completeness it should be mentioned what should have become clear that when using other angular grids, for example according to FIGS of these lines K.

In Figure 1, the key chest, which is designed as a serrated control edge for the core pins 26, is designated by 22s. In Figure 1 it can also be seen that the recess 48 is provided with a cam surface 48a which serves to move the additional locking pin 42 radially inwards.

FIG. 12c shows that the level sinks 46 merge into the side surface 22cII via cam surfaces 46a, so that the inner ends 42d of the inner pins 42b can be moved radially outward when the key is pushed in and out. For manufacturing reasons, it is advantageous if the recesses 48 in the various transverse planes A, B, C, D are formed by continuous longitudinal grooves on the inner peripheral surface 14 of the core bore.

Returning to FIG. 1, left side, it should also be pointed out that the level sinks are preferably arranged in a side surface path 64 of a key side surface, which has a constant profile height with respect to the plane MM. In Figure 1, the inner pin 42b is in an angular position δ, based on the angular grid WR of Figure 7a. It can easily be seen that a level depression 46β according to FIG. 7a also lies within the side surface web 64 and that level depressions corresponding to all other angular positions accordingly also fall in the region of the side surface web 64.

Regarding the embodiment according to FIGS. 12a to 12c, it must also be added with regard to the blind pins 60 that these can in principle also be limited to the respective outer pin 60a without the inner pin 60b. This does not change the function.

Claims (34)

1. A set of cylinder locks (10), each cylinder lock (10) comprising a cylinder lock housing (12), a cylinder lock plug (16) with outer circumferential plug surface (18) mounted in a cylindrical plug receiving bore (14) in the cylinder lock housing (12) so as to rotate about a plug bore axis (Ax), a key receiving channel (20) extending at least approximately parallel to the plug bore axis (Ax) inside the cylinder lock plug (16), at least one key (22) for insertion into said key insertion channel (20), to which it is conformed, key-controlled tumblers (24) and at least one blocking member passage (36) in the cylinder lock plug (16), which passage (36) extends approximately radially from the outer circumferential plug surface (18) to the key insertion channel (20) and a blocking member (42, 44) in the blocking member passage (36), of which there is at least one, said blocking member passage (36) comprising a blocking member (42, 44) having a portion (42a, 44a) of larger cross section, hereinafter known as "outer pin" (42a, 44a), in the vicinity of the outer circumferential plug surface (18) inside a corresponding radially outer passage portion (38) of larger cross section, hereinafter known as "outer bore" (38), and a portion (42b, 44b) of smaller cross section, hereinafter known as "inner pin" (42b, 44b), inside a corresponding radially inner passage portion (40) of smaller cross section, hereinafter known as "inner bore" (40), the inner pin (42b, 44b) further having an inner pin axis (Y) which is staggered in parallel with an outer pin axis (X), the radially inner end (42d, 44d) of the inner pin (42b, 44b) further interacting with variations (46, 50) in level of a key face (22I, 22II) so as to control the position of the blocking member (42, 44) along the outer bore axis (X) or the inner bore axis (Y), and the radially outer end (42c, 42d) of the outer pin (42a, 44a) cooperating with a counter-blocking structure (48, 28) which is fixed to the cylinder lock housing (12) so as not to be rotatable about the plug bore axis (Ax) in the circumferential direction, characterised in that the inner pin (42b, 44b) assumes a different angular position in at least one of the cylinder locks (10) about the associated outer bore axis (X) and with respect to an axial outer bore plane (L-X) containing the outer bore axis (X) and parallel with the plug bore axis (Ax) from the inner pin (42b, 44b) of a blocking member (42, 44) in another cylinder lock (10).
2. A set of cylinder locks according to claim 1, characterised in that at least one blocking member passage (36) in at least one part of the cylinder lock (10) comprises a plurality of inner bores (40α-40δ) distributed over a reference circle (TK) about the respective outer bore axis (X), the radius (r) of the reference circle (TK) being equal to the axial distance (e) between the outer bore axis (X) and the inner bore axis (Y).
3. A set of cylinder locks according to claim 2, characterised in that the inner bores (40α-40δ) are distributed evenly over the circumference of the reference circle (TK).
4. A set of cylinder locks according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterised in that at least two of the inner bores (40α-40γ) lie in the axial outer bore plane (L-X).
5. A set of cylinder locks according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a plurality of blocking member passages (40A-40D) are arranged next to each other without intersecting along a line (L) parallel to the plug bore axis (Ax) in at least some of the cylinder locks (10).
6. A set of cylinder locks according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the key insertion channel (20) is designed to receive a flat key (22) with main faces (22I, 22II) substantially parallel with each other and with a central key channel plane (M-M), the central key channel plane (M-M) being located substantially orthogonally with respect to the axial outer bore plane (L-X).
7. A set of cylinder locks according to claim 6, characterised in that, in at least some of the cylinder locks (10), the cylinder lock plug (16) comprises at least one blocking member passage (36) and an associated blocking member (42, 44) on each side of the key channel (20) to cooperate with the two main faces (22I, 22II) of the key (22).
8. A set of cylinder locks according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that, in at least one of the cylinder locks (10), at least one (42) of the blocking members (42, 44) is constructed as a zero position detent member (42), hereinafter known as "additional detent pin", the outer pin (42a) of which may then be introduced by its outer pin end (42c) into an outer pin recess (48) in the inner circumferential surface (14) of the plug receiving bore (14), if the cylinder lock plug (16) is in a zero position permitting insertion and removal of the key (22), the associated key (22) conformed to the lock comprising a depressed portion (46) for receiving the associated radially inner end (42d) of the inner pin of a depth enabling radially inward displacement of the additional detent pin (42) with simultaneous introduction of the associated inner pin (42b) into the depressed portion (46) and extraction of the outer pin (42a) out of the associated outer pin seat (48) until the outer end (42c) of the outer pin reaches a position flush with the outer circumferential plug face (18).
9. A set of cylinder locks according to claim 8, characterised in that at least one cam face (48a) is provided on the inner circumferential surface (14) of the plug receiving bore adjacent the outer pin seat (48), such that the additional detent pin (42) is displaced radially inwardly upon rotation of the cylinder lock plug (16) in which a key (22) conformed to the lock is engaged.
10. A set of cylinder locks according to either one of claims 8 and 9, characterised in that at least one cam face (46a) is provided adjoining depressed portion (46) in the key (22) conformed to the lock, such that, when this key is withdrawn, the inner end (42d) of the inner pin of the additional detent pin (42) may be pushed radially outwards out of the depressed portion (46) by cooperation with the cam surface (46a) of the key (22).
11. A set of cylinder locks according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that, in at least one of the cylinder locks (10), at least one (44) of the blocking members (42, 44) is constructed as an intermediate position catch member (44), hereinafter known as "safety pin", the outer bore axis (X) of this safety pin (44) lying, together with a tumbler pin pair (24), in a common tumbler plane (A) orthogonal to the plug bore axis, this tumbler pin pair (24) further comprising a plug pin (26) in a plug pin bore (30) in the cylinder lock plug (16) and a radially inwardly biased housing pin (28) in a housing pin bore (32) in the cylinder lock housing (12), an inner end of the plug pin (26) further being controlled by a varied level tumbler pin control surface (22s) on the key (22) conformed to the lock so as to be displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the plug pin bore (30) in such a way that, when the key insertion channel (20) is occupied with the key (22) conformed to the lock, a parting plane (26, 28) between the plug pin (26) and the housing pin (28) coincides with a parting plane (14-18) defined by the outer circumferential plug surface (18) and the inner circumferential surface (14) of the plug receiving bore (14), the key (22) conformed to the lock further comprising a raised portion (50) associated with the inner end of the inner pin (44b) of the safety pin (44), which raised portion (50) cooperates with the inner end (44d) of the inner pin in such a way that, after insertion of this key (22) into the key insertion channel (20), the outer pin end (44c) of the associated outer pin (44) lies substantially flush with the outer circumferential plug surface (18) and, when the cylinder lock plug (16) is subsequently rotated about the plug bore axis (Ax), the housing pin (28) of the tumbler pin pair (24) is secured against spring force-induced falling into the outer bore (40) associated with the outer pin (44a), while, when the key insertion channel (20) is occupied by a key (22') not conformed to the lock, the inner pin (44b) may enter a depressed portion (50') in this key, such that, when the cylinder lock plug (16) is turned, the housing pin (28) may drop into the associated outer bore (38) while pushing the outer pin (44a) inwards and further rotation of the cylinder lock plug (16) by the housing pin (28) then caught in the outer bore (28) is prevented.
12. A set of cylinder locks according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the radially inner ends (42d, 44d) of the inner pins are tapered frusto-conically or spherically.
13. A set of cylinder locks according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the radially outer ends (42c, 44c) of the outer pins are frusto-conical or spherical in construction.
14. A set of cylinder locks according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the cylinder locks (10a, 10b) constituting the set form a hierarchical lock installation (10a, 10b) such that each cylinder lock (10a, 10b) is actuatable by an individual key (22a, 22b) associated therewith, which individual key (22a, 22b) does not fit any other cylinder locks (10a, 10b) in the set, and in that a master key (22c) is associated with the set (10a, 10b) which fits all the cylinder locks (10a, 10b) in the set.
15. A set of cylinder locks according to claim 14, characterised in that the set is subdivided into individual subsets, each of which has associated with it a set key which fits all the cylinder locks of the respective subset, but not the cylinder locks of other subsets.
16. A set of cylinder locks according to claim 14 or claim 15, characterised in that the cylinder locks in a subset or in the entire set (10a, 10b) are distinguished from each other

    a) by different profiles of the key insertion channel (20) and/or

    b) by different constructions of tumbler pin pairs (24) and/or

    c) by positioning blocking members (42/44) differently and/or

    d) by different types of blocking members (42, 44)-additional detent pins (42) and safety pins (44) -and/or

    e) by different angular positions of blocking members (42, 44) and/or

    f) by the presence and positioning of dummy members (60) which fill a respective outer bore (36) so completely, irrespective of the level of an associated key area that its outer end is flush with the outer circumferential plug face (18),

    in that the individual keys (22a, 22b) associated with the individual cylinder locks (10a, 10b) are distinguished from each other by correspondingly different key profiles and/or correspondingly different level variations (46, 50) for control of the respective tumblers (24) and/or the respective blocking members (42, 44), and in that the individual subsets or the master key (22c) associated with the entire set (10a, 10b) have profiles and/or variations in level (46, 50) which are compatible with all the cylinder locks of the respective subset or the whole set.
17. A set of cylinder locks according to any of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that a plurality of blocking member passages (36) are arranged in at least some of the cylinder locks (1) along a common outer axial bore plane (L-X) with equal spacing (d) of the respective outer pin axes (X).
18. A set of cylinder locks according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterised in that the blocking members (42, 44) of a particular type - additional detent pin (42) or safety pin (44) - have like dimensions and in that the associated variations (46, 50) in level of the keys (22) are accordingly constant.
19. A set of cylinder locks according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the raised portions (50) of the keys (22) are formed by a control face (64) extending parallel to the key axis (Ax) and the depressed portions (46) of the keys (22) are formed by recesses (46) in this control face (64).
20. A set of cylinder locks according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterised in that in subset keys or set keys there are formed depressed portion grooves (40αγ) or troughs (40α-40ϑ) which contain individual depressed portions associated with individual keys.
21. A cylinder lock, especially for forming a set of cylinder locks with the features according to any one of claims 1 to 20, comprising a cylinder lock housing (12), a cylinder lock plug (16) with outer circumferential plug surface (18) mounted in a cylindrical plug receiving bore (14) in the cylinder lock housing (12) so as to rotate about a plug bore axis (Ax), a key receiving channel (20) extending at least approximately parallel to the plug bore axis (Ax) inside the cylinder lock plug (16), at least one key (22) for insertion into said key insertion channel (20), to which it is conformed, key-controlled tumblers (24) and at least one blocking member passage (36) in the cylinder lock plug (16), which passage (36) extends approximately radially from the outer circumferential plug surface (18) to the key insertion channel (20) and a blocking member (42, 44) in the blocking member passage (36), of which there is at least one, said blocking member passage (36) comprising a blocking member (42, 44) having a portion (42a, 44a) of larger cross section, hereinafter known as "outer pin" (42a, 44a), in the vicinity of the outer circumferential plug surface (18) inside a corresponding radially outer passage portion (38) of larger cross section, hereinafter known as "outer bore" (38), and a portion (42b, 44b) of smaller cross section, hereinafter known as "inner pin" (42b, 44b), inside a corresponding radially inner passage portion (40) of smaller cross section, hereinafter known as "inner bore" (40), the inner pin (42b, 44b) further having an inner pin axis (Y) which is staggered in parallel with an outer pin axis (X), the radially inner end (42d, 44d) of the inner pin (42b, 44b) further interacting with variations (46, 50) in level of a key face (22I, 22II) so as to control the position of the blocking member (42, 44) along the outer bore axis (X) or the inner bore axis (Y), and the radially outer end (42c) of the outer pin (42a, 44a) cooperating with a counter-blocking structure (48, 28) which is fixed to the cylinder lock housing (12) so as not to be rotatable about the plug bore axis (Ax) in the circumferential direction, characterised in that, adjoining the outer bore (38) in the radially inward direction, the blocking member passage (36) comprises a plurality of inner bores (40α-40δ) which may be occupied by the respective inner pin (42b), these inner bores (40α-40δ) being distributed over a reference circle (TK) whose radius (r) corresponds to the degree of misalignment between the outer pin axis (X) and the inner pin axis (Y), and in that the control face (46, 50) associated with the respective blocking member (42, 44) is arranged on the key (22) conformed to the lock on a virtual circle (VK) the centre of which lies flush with the outer bore axis (X) when the key (22) is inserted and the radius (r) of which corresponds to the reference circle radius (r), at an angle (α-δ) corresponding to the angular position of the inner pin (42b, 44b).
22. A cylinder lock according to claim 21, characterised in that the outer bore radius is approximately equal to the outer pin radius and larger than the sum of the reference circle radius (r) and the inner pin radius.
23. A cylinder lock according to either one of claims 20 and 21, characterised in that the inner bores (40) are distributed about the reference circle (TK) with equal angular spacing.
24. A cylinder lock according to any one of claims 21 to 23, characterised in that two inner bores (40α, 40γ) lying diametrically opposite each other on the reference circle (TK) lie next to each other in the longitudinal direction of the plug bore axis (Ax).
25. A cylinder lock according to any one of claims 21 to 24, characterised in that two inner bores (40β, 40δ) lying diametrically opposite each other on the reference circle lie one above the other in a transverse direction orthogonal to the plug bore axis (Ax).
26. A cylinder lock key, especially for a cylinder lock according to any one of claims 21 to 25, which comprises variations in level (46, 50) on at least one side (22I, 22II) to control a plurality of blocking members (42, 44) of an associated cylinder lock (10), characterised in that each level variation (46α, 46γ, 50α, 50γ) is arranged on a respective virtual circle (VK) corresponding to an individually determined angular position, these virtual circles (VK) having like radii (r) and being arranged with their centres preferably equally spaced on a connecting line (K) parallel to the key axis (Ax).
27. A cylinder lock key according to claim 26, characterised in that the variations in level (46α, 46γ, 50α, 50γ) lie on the individual virtual circles (VK) at angles on the identical angle grids (WR) associated with the individual virtual circles (VK) and positioned identically from the point of view of angle with respect to the connecting line.
28. A cylinder lock key according to claim 26 or 27, namely an individual key, characterised in that at most one variation in level (46α, 46γ, 50α, 50γ) is arranged on each virtual circle (VK).
29. A cylinder lock key according to claim 26 or 27, namely a set key or master key (22c), characterised in that a plurality of variations in level (50α, 46γ) are arranged on at least some of the virtual circles (VK).
30. A cylinder lock key according to claim 29, characterised in that variations in level (46α, 46γ) of the same degree associated with one and the same virtual circle (VK) are connected together at a constant level.
31. A cylinder lock key according to claim 30, characterised in that two depressed portions (46β, 46δ) lying diametrically opposite one another, with respect to the centre of the respective virtual circle (VK), are connected together by a linear groove (46βδ).
32. A cylinder lock key according to claim 30, characterised in that depressed portions (46α...46ϑ) distributed over the overall circumference of one and the same virtual circle (VK) are constructed as parts of an annular depression (46α-ϑ) or a trough-like depression (46α-ϑ).
33. A method of producing a cylinder lock key by preparing a key blank of conformed profile and forming a plurality of variations in level (46, 50) in at least one side face (22I, 22II) of this key blank, characterised in that the variations in level (46, 50) are formed on the circumferential lines of a plurality of virtual circles (VK) of equal radius (r) corresponding to a respective individually determined angular position, the centres of these virtual circles (VK) lying on a connecting line (K) parallel with the key axis and the centre spacing (d) of these virtual circles (VK) being greater then or equal to double their radius (2r) and preferably equal to each other.
34. A method according to claim 33, characterised in that the variations in level (46, 50) on the individual virtual circles (VK) are produced in angular positions (α-δ) by angle grids (WR), which angle grids (WR) are oriented identically for the individual virtual circles (VK) and angularly identically with respect to the centre connecting line (K).

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