EP0623402B1 - Verfahren zum Strangpressen von Metall und Strangpresse - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Strangpressen von Metall und Strangpresse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0623402B1
EP0623402B1 EP94400976A EP94400976A EP0623402B1 EP 0623402 B1 EP0623402 B1 EP 0623402B1 EP 94400976 A EP94400976 A EP 94400976A EP 94400976 A EP94400976 A EP 94400976A EP 0623402 B1 EP0623402 B1 EP 0623402B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
housing
billet
crosspiece
extrusion
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94400976A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0623402A1 (de
Inventor
Guy Bessey
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KVAERNER CLECIM
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C27/00—Containers for metal to be extruded
    • B21C27/04—Venting metal-container chamber

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a method of spinning a metal billet in a spinning press according to the preamble of claim 1 and also covers a spinning press according to the preamble of claim 5 or 7, suitable for placing work of said process.
  • an metal billet is generally extruded in a spinning press comprising, in general, a container limiting a tubular housing centered on a spinning axis closed at its ends by two closing pieces and in which is placed a billet of metal to be spun, one of said pieces being provided with a die.
  • the assembly is placed in a frame made up of two fixed crosspieces kept apart from one another by tie rods.
  • One of the closing pieces is made up of a grain of the same diameter as the housing and placed at the end of a gland allowing its introduction into the housing under the action of a main spinning cylinder bearing on a fixed cross member, moving closer to the other closing part which bears on the other cross member.
  • the metal compressed between the two closure parts is extruded through the die in the form of a profile of the same section.
  • the container In the so-called direct spinning process, the container is fixed and bears directly, with the closure part carrying the die, on one of the fixed crosspieces.
  • the gland bearing the grain which constitutes the other closing part is actuated by the main spinning jack so as to make the grain penetrate into the container housing (see US-A-3649816 which corresponds to the preambles of claims 1 and 5) .
  • the die is mounted on a grain of diameter equal to that of the container housing and placed at the end of a tubular gland bearing on one of the fixed crosspieces.
  • the container is closed at its opposite end by a bottom and the assembly is mounted on a movable cross member actuated by the main extrusion cylinder, so that the housing threads on the grain by determining the extrusion by the die of the metal billet contained inside the housing , the extruded profile being removed by the tubular gland (see US-A-4989437 which forms the base of the preamble of claim 7).
  • the metal billets are produced from very long pieces in which pieces having a length slightly shorter than that of the container housing are cut. Each piece has, on the other hand, a cross section slightly smaller than that of the container housing so as to provide, between the internal face of said housing and the external face of each billet, a clearance necessary for the introduction of the billet into housing.
  • this degassing is carried out by controlling, after precompression, a slight recoil of the container with the gland to allow the container to come off the bottom carrying the die, allowing compressed air to escape into the housing .
  • auxiliary cylinders provided on the press are used for the operations isolated from the container and the return cylinders. of the main extrusion cylinder which normally is single acting.
  • the invention remedies these drawbacks by means of a new process which makes it possible to practically avoid the dead time which, until now, was necessary for degassing and, thus, to increase the productivity of the press. It is known, in fact, that the recent development of the technique leads to as continuous use as possible of the press while not neglecting any idle time, even of short duration.
  • the invention is intended more specifically for direct spinning presses, but can also find applications in reverse spinning presses.
  • the invention therefore applies, in general, to the spinning of a metal billet in a spinning press comprising a first and a second fixed sleepers spaced apart by a constant distance, a container provided with a tubular housing centered on a spinning axis and in which the billet is placed, said container bearing on the first fixed cross-member, two closure pieces at the two ends of the housing, respectively a first piece resting on said first fixed cross-member and a second piece, of section substantially equal to that of the housing, mounted at the end of an elongated gland bearing on the second fixed cross member and capable of penetrating by axial sliding inside the housing, a die centered on the spinning axis and mounted on one of said closing pieces, and means for controlling the bringing together of said closing pieces towards one another, by resting on one of said fixed crosspieces, for the spinning of the billet by extrusion in the die, the spinning operation being preceded by a phase of precompression of the billet between the two closure parts until its side wall is applied against the internal face of the housing.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that at least during the greater part of the precompression phase, the container is prevented from being applied to the first closure part while maintaining, between the latter and the end corresponding container, a small clearance for the progressive evacuation of the air contained in the housing during the precompression of the billet and until the complete application thereof on the internal face of the housing.
  • a spacer means is interposed between the container and the first cross member capable of exerting on the container a calibrated retaining force directed in the opposite direction to the direction of penetration of the second closure part. in the housing, the value of which is limited so that the spreading means yields under the pressure of the container, allowing the clearance to be removed and the piece prayer to be closed when the application of the billet on the wall of the housing is sufficient to secure the container with the billet.
  • a hydraulic pressure is relieved for a short time and at the end of the precompression phase in the spinning control means, which determines a slight decline in the billet with the container and the reopening of the first closure part under the action of said spacing means, with instantaneous creation of a clearance allowing the escape of residual air.
  • the invention also covers a spinning press suitable for implementing the method of the invention as defined in claim 5 or 7.
  • said retaining means consist of at least two jacks arranged on either side of the spinning axis and bearing on one side on the first cross member and on the other on the corresponding end of the container.
  • the retaining jacks are associated with means for releasing the pressure when the latter exceeds a limit value.
  • a spinning press comprising two fixed crosspieces 1, 11, spaced from one another by a constant distance maintained by tie rods 12, and between which is mounted sliding a movable cross member 2 carrying a container 3 in which is formed a cylindrical housing 4 centered on a spinning axis 10.
  • the container 3 can move axially with the movable cross member 2 under the action of auxiliary jacks 21 bearing on the fixed cross member 11.
  • the container 3 can thus be applied against a part 13 forming a closure bottom of the corresponding end 41 of housing 4, on which is mounted a die 14 centered on the spinning axis 10.
  • the end 42 of the housing 4 is closed by a thrust grain 5 mounted at the end of an elongated gland SI attached to the piston 52 of a main spinning cylinder whose body 53 is formed in the fixed cross member 11.
  • a metal billet 6, of diameter slightly smaller than that of the housing 4, is placed inside the latter and the container is advanced by the auxiliary jacks 21 towards the die-holding part 13 which closes the 'corresponding end 41 of the housing 4.
  • the gland 51 is pushed by the main jack 52 or else under the action of auxiliary jacks not shown, so that the thrust grain 5, which has a roughly identical cross section, to that of the housing 4, enters the corresponding end 42 thereof, and bears against the corresponding face of the billet 6 which is supported, itself on the bottom.
  • the container 3 is applied, by its front face 31, against the closure bottom 13 and the air contained in the existing set, originally, between the billet 6 and the housing 4, is compressed by the swelling of the billet 6.
  • the container 43 is prevented from applying by its face 31 against the die holder part 13 by means of jacks 7, 7 ′ which are interposed between the fixed cross member 1 and the container 3 or the movable cross member 2.
  • jacks 7, 7 ′ which are interposed between the fixed cross member 1 and the container 3 or the movable cross member 2.
  • two jacks 7, 7 ′ are used, the body 71 of which is fixed to the fixed cross member 1 and the rod 72 of which comes to bear against the movable cross member 2.
  • the length of the rods 72 is determined so that, in the extended position of the jacks 7, 7 ′, there is a slight clearance (e) between the front face 31 of the container 3 and the corresponding face 15 of the die holder part. 13.
  • the movable cross member 2 After having loaded the billet 6 into the housing 4 of the container 3, by well known means, the movable cross member 2 is advanced by means of the auxiliary jacks 21 until it comes to bear on the jacks 7, 7 'which are in the fully extended position. In this position, the front face 31 of the container is therefore at a short distance (e) from the die holder part 13.
  • the grain 5 is then advanced under the action of the main cylinder 52 and the billet 6 is applied, by its front face 60, against the die holder bottom 13 and then begins to inflate.
  • the air contained between the internal face 43 of the housing 4 and the external face 61 of the billet escapes progressively through the clearance (e) as the billet 6 swells.
  • each cylinder 7 (7 ′) is calibrated so as to resist the advancement of the container only up to a certain limit of the pressure applied to the billet, from which the metal could seep into the game (e). From this limit, the friction between the billet 6 and the internal face 43 of the housing 4 is such that the container 3 is sufficiently secured to the grain 5 to repel the jacks 7, 7 ′ which yield under the applied thrust, allowing the advancement of the container 3 until its front face 31 comes to bear against the corresponding face 15 of the die holder part 13 by completely closing the end 41 of the housing 4.
  • the second degassing step which, moreover, may not always be essential, it is carried out automatically and almost instantaneously under the action of the jacks 7, 7 ′ maintained in pressure as soon as a trigger is ordered in the main cylinder 54.
  • This is an essential advantage compared to the arrangements used until now, in which the air was allowed to compress in the container during the decompression phase, the degassing being carried out then by controlling the recoil of the container by means of the auxiliary cylinders 21 or else the return cylinders of the main cylinder (not shown in the Figure).
  • Such recoil requires different hydraulic maneuvers which are eliminated in the process according to the invention, which makes it possible to improve productivity by avoiding the corresponding dead time.
  • the invention can also be implemented by a very simple device, which comprises only two jacks 7, 7 'supplied by a hydraulic circuit 74 under a limited pressure, for example, by a calibrated valve 73 whose adjustment can be determined taking into account the characteristics of the press, the nature of the metal and the pressure from which it could escape through the clearance (e) left between the container (3) and the die holder (13).
  • the container in a reverse spinning press, the container is mobile and slides onto the gland which is fixed and carries, at its end, a grain on which the die is mounted and which penetrates into the front end of the housing.
  • the main spinning actuator actuates a movable cross member which carries a bottom for closing the container and bears on it to push it towards the fixed cross member carrying the gland, the spun product being discharged through an orifice provided in the axis of the gland.
  • the container retaining jacks would then be placed on the movable cross member to rest on the rear face of the container and prevent the application of the latter against the movable cross member, leaving a clearance between the container and the closure bottom.
  • the gradual evacuation of the air as precompression and until the pressure of application of the billet against the internal face of the housing is such that the container is sufficiently integral with the latter so that the retaining jacks yield while letting the play close.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zum Strangpressen von einem Pressbolzen aus Metall in einer Strangpresse, bestehend aus einer ersten (1) und einer zweiten (11) in einem konstanten Abstand voneinander angeordneten feststehenden Traverse, einem Aufnehmer (3) mit einem auf die Strangpressachse (10) zentrierten rohrförmigen Gehäuse (4) zur Aufnahme des Pressbolzens (6), wobei beim Strangpressen dieser Aufnehmer (3) auf der ersten Traverse (1) abgestützt wird, zwei Schliessteilen (13, 5) der beiden Enden des Gehäuses (4), und zwar ein sich auf dieser ersten feststehenden Traverse (1) abstützendes erstes Teil (13) und ein zweites Teil (5) mit einem im wesentlichen dem Gehäuse (4) entsprechenden Querschnitt, das am Ende eines sich auf der zweiten feststehenden Traverse (11) abstützenden langgestreckten Pressstempels montiert ist und durch Axialgleiten innen in das Gehäuse eindringen kann, einer auf die Strangpressachse (10) zentrierte und auf einem dieser Schliessteile (13, 5) montierte Matrize, und Mittel (51, 52) zur Steuerung der gegenseitigen Annäherung dieser Schliessteile (13, 5) unter Abstützung auf einer dieser feststehenden Traversen (1,11) für das Strangpressen durch Verdrängen des Bolzens (6) in der Matrize (14), wobei dem Pressvorgang eine Phase des Vorverdichtens des Bolzens (6) zwischen den beiden Schliessteilen (13, 5), bis dessen Seitenwand (61) an der Innenseite (43) des Gehäuses (4) zur Anlage kommt, vorangeht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens während des grössten Teils der Vorverdichtungsphase der Aufnehmer (3) daran gehindert wird an einem der Schliessteile (13) zur Anlage zu kommen unter Beibehaltung eines geringen Spiels (e) zwischen diesen und dem entsprechenden Ende des Aufnehmers (3), damit die in dem Gehäuse (4) eingeschlossene Luft während der Vorverdichtung des Bolzens (6) und bis zur vollständigen Anlage desselben an der Innenseite (43) des Gehäuses (4) allmählich entweichen kann.
  2. Strangpressverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Spielraum (e) zwischen dem Aufnehmer (3) und dem ersten Schliessteil (13) durch Dazwischenhalten eines Abstandmittels (7, 7') zwischen der entsprechenden Seite (31) des Aufnehmers (3) und der dieses abstützenden Traverse (1) gewährleistet wird, das eine in entgegengesetzter Richtung zu der Eindringrichtung des zweiten Schliessteils (5) in das Gehäuse (4) gerichtete tarierte Haltekraft auf den Aufnehmer (3) ausüben kann, deren Wert derart begrenzt ist, dass dieses Abstandmittel (7, 7') unter dem Druck des mit dem Bolzen (6) festverbundenen Aufnehmers (3) nachgibt und den Vorschub des Aufnehmers (3) und das Schliessen des ersten Teils (13) beim Überschreiten eines tarierten Grenzwertes dieser Haltekraft ermöglicht.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dieser tarierte Grenzwert der Haltekraft einem auf den Bolzen (6) ausgeübten Druck entpricht, bei dem das Metall dazu neigen würde, in den Spielraum (e) zwischen dem ersten Schliessteil (13) und dem Aufnehmer (3) einzudringen.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Andrücken des Aufnehmers (3) auf dem ersten Schliessteil (13) eine kurzzeitige Hydraulik-Druckentspannung in dem Strangpress-Steuerungsmittel (52) nachgeschaltet wird, die einen geringfügigen Rücklauf des Bolzens (6) mit dem Aufnehmer (3) und die Wiederöffnung des ersten Teils (13) unter der Wirkung dieses Abstandmittels (7, 7') bestimmt bei sofortiger Bildung eines Spielraumes zum Entweichen der beim Schliessen des ersten Teils (13) evtl. innen im Aufnehmer (3) zurückgebliebenen Luft.
  5. Presse zum Strangpressen von einem Bolzen aus Metall, bestehend aus einer ersten (1) und einer zweiten (11) in einem konstanten Abstand voneinander gehaltenen feststehenden Traverse, einem Aufnehmer (3) mit einem auf die Strangpressachse (10) zentrierten rohrförmigen Gehäuse (4) zur Aufnahme des Strangpressbolzens (6), wobei beim Strangpressen dieser Aufnehmer (3) auf der ersten Traverse (1) abgestützt wird, zwei Schliessteilen (13, 5) der beiden Enden des Gehäuses (4), und zwar ein auf der ersten Stütztraverse (1) des Aufnehmers (3) aufliegender Boden (13) und eine Pressscheibe (5) mit einem im wesentlichen dem Gehäuse entsprechenden Querschnitt, die am Ende eines sich auf der zweiten feststehenden Traverse abstützenden langgestreckten Pressstempels (51) montiert ist und durch Axialgleiten innen in das Gehäuse (4) eindringen kann, einer auf die Strangpressachse (10) ausgerichteten und auf dem Schliessboden (13) angeordneten Matrize (14), und Steuerungsmittel (52) zum Einführen der Pressscheibe (5) in das Gehäuse (4) unter Abstützung auf der zweiten Traverse (11) zum Verdrängen des Bolzens (6) in der Matrize (14), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zwischen der ersten Traverse (1) und dem entsprechenden Ende (31) des Aufnehmers (3) dazwischengehaltene, sich über eine ausreichende Distanz erstreckende Abstandmittel (7, 7') für den Aufnehmer umfasst, um zwischen dem entsprechenden Ende (41) des Gehäuses (4) und dem Schliessboden (13) ein ausreichender Spielraum (e) bestehen zu lassen, damit die zwischen dem Bolzen (6) und der Innenseite (43) des Gehäuses (4) eingeschlossene Luft beim Anschwellen des Bolzens (6) am Anfang der gegenseitigen Annäherung dieser Schliessteile (13, 5) entweichen kann.
  6. Strangpresse nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abstandmittel aus mindestens zwei beiderseits der Strangpressachse (10) angeordneten Hydraulikzylinder (7, 7') bestehen, mit je einem Gehäuse (7, 7') und einer Stange (72, 72'), die sich jeweils auf der ersten Traverse (1) bzw. an dem entsprechenden Ende (31) des Aufnehmers (3) abstützen.
  7. Presse zum Stangpressen von einem Bolzen aus Metall, bestehend aus in einem konstanten Abstand voneinander gehaltenen ersten und zweiten feststehenden Traverse, einem Aufnehmer mit einem auf die Strangpressachse zentrierten rohrförmigen Gehäuse zur Aufnahme des Strangpressbolzens, wobei dieser Aufnehmer sich auf einer beweglichen Traverse abstützt, die über einen auf der ersten feststehenden Traverse abgestützten Strangpresszylinder betätigt wird, zwei Schliessteilen der beiden Aufnehmer-Gehäuseenden, und zwar ein auf dieser beweglichen Traverse aufliegender Boden und eine Pressscheibe mit einem im wesentlichen dem Gehäuse entsprechenden Querschnitt, die eine auf die Strangpressachse zentrierte Matrize trägt, wobei diese Pressscheibe am Ende eines rohrförmigen auf der zweiten feststehenden Traverse abgestützten langgestreckten Pressstempels montiert ist, in deren Richtung die bewegliche Traverse mit dem Aufnehmer und dessen Boden unter der Wirkung des Strangpresszylinders geschoben wird, und wobei diese Pressscheibe durch Axialgleiten innen in das Gehäuse eindringt und der Bolzen in der Matrize verdrängt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Abstandmittel für den Aufnehmer umfasst, die zwischen der beweglichen Traverse und dem entsprechenden Ende des Aufnehmers dazwischengeschalten sind und sich über eine ausreichende Distanz erstrecken, um das Andrücken desselben an der beweglichen Traverse zu verhindern zur Bildung eines Spielraumes zwischen dem Aufnehmer und dem Schliessboden, damit die zwischen dem Bolzen und der Gehäuseinnenseite eingeschlossene Luft beim Anschwellen des Bolzens am Anfang der gegenseitigen Annäherung dieser Schliessteile entweichen kann.
  8. Strangpresse nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abstandmittel aus mindestens zwei beiderseits der Strangpressachse angeordneten Hydraulikzylinder bestehen, und je ein Gehäuse und eine Stange aufweisen, die jeweils auf der beweglichen Traverse bzw. auf dem entsprechenden Aufnehmerende abgestützt sind.
  9. Strangpresse nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass den Abstandzylindern (7, 7') Mittel (73) zur Druckfreigabe in der Kammer (71) des jeweiligen Zylinders (7, 7') beim Überschreiten eines Grenzwertes zugeordnet sind.
EP94400976A 1993-05-06 1994-05-04 Verfahren zum Strangpressen von Metall und Strangpresse Expired - Lifetime EP0623402B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9305463A FR2704783B1 (fr) 1993-05-06 1993-05-06 Procede de filage de metal et presse a filer perfectionnee.
FR9305463 1993-05-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0623402A1 EP0623402A1 (de) 1994-11-09
EP0623402B1 true EP0623402B1 (de) 1997-08-06

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EP94400976A Expired - Lifetime EP0623402B1 (de) 1993-05-06 1994-05-04 Verfahren zum Strangpressen von Metall und Strangpresse

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5613393A (de)
EP (1) EP0623402B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0775823A (de)
DE (1) DE69404732T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2105552T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2704783B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100265362B1 (ko) 1997-12-30 2000-09-15 김영환 직병렬 방식을 이용한 마이크로프로세서의 데이터송수신 방법
US5896772A (en) * 1998-02-19 1999-04-27 Ube Industries, Ltd. Extruder
CN100360252C (zh) * 2002-04-30 2008-01-09 机械工业部西安重型机械研究所 双动挤压机穿孔控制系统
US7591163B2 (en) 2006-03-30 2009-09-22 Ube Machinery Corporation, Ltd. Extrusion molding method and apparatus of extrusion press
JP2009166081A (ja) * 2008-01-16 2009-07-30 Ube Machinery Corporation Ltd 押出プレスの排気押出方法
IT1391753B1 (it) * 2008-11-03 2012-01-27 Danieli Off Mecc Apparato e procedimento di comando della movimentazione del contenitore in una pressa per estrusione
US20120096915A1 (en) * 2010-10-25 2012-04-26 General Electric Company System and method for near net shape forging
JP5834611B2 (ja) * 2011-08-09 2015-12-24 宇部興産機械株式会社 押出プレス
JP5831742B2 (ja) * 2011-08-11 2015-12-09 宇部興産機械株式会社 押出プレス装置
JP5834643B2 (ja) * 2011-09-05 2015-12-24 宇部興産機械株式会社 押出プレス及び押出プレスの制御方法
CN116727476B (zh) * 2023-08-15 2023-11-07 中北大学 一种镁合金尾翼径向同步加载成形方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1935286A (en) * 1930-09-30 1933-11-14 Krupp Ag Grusonwerk Extrusion press for the production of rod or tube-shaped bodies
US2822087A (en) * 1953-10-21 1958-02-04 Lorant Hugo Extrusion process
IT1251314B (it) * 1991-09-13 1995-05-08 Innocenti Eng Spa Pressa per estrusione di metalli in genere ed in particolare dell'alluminio
US5445004A (en) * 1993-11-24 1995-08-29 Breda Danieli Extrusion Extrusion method with gas evacuation, and extrusion press

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2704783A1 (fr) 1994-11-10
ES2105552T3 (es) 1997-10-16
DE69404732T2 (de) 1998-01-22
JPH0775823A (ja) 1995-03-20
DE69404732D1 (de) 1997-09-11
US5613393A (en) 1997-03-25
EP0623402A1 (de) 1994-11-09
FR2704783B1 (fr) 1995-07-28

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