EP0619134A1 - Mixing receptacle - Google Patents

Mixing receptacle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0619134A1
EP0619134A1 EP94103386A EP94103386A EP0619134A1 EP 0619134 A1 EP0619134 A1 EP 0619134A1 EP 94103386 A EP94103386 A EP 94103386A EP 94103386 A EP94103386 A EP 94103386A EP 0619134 A1 EP0619134 A1 EP 0619134A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
side surfaces
edge
vortex
roof surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94103386A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0619134B1 (en
Inventor
Yau-Pin Dr. Chyou
Adnan Eroglu
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ABB AG Germany
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ABB Management AG
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Publication of EP0619134A1 publication Critical patent/EP0619134A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B01F25/43171—Profiled blades, wings, wedges, i.e. plate-like element having one side or part thicker than the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431971—Mounted on the wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4317—Profiled elements, e.g. profiled blades, bars, pillars, columns or chevrons
    • B01F25/43172—Profiles, pillars, chevrons, i.e. long elements having a polygonal cross-section

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mixing device for mixing two or more substances, which may have the same or different mass flow, the substances to be mixed flowing along a separating plate arranged upstream of the mixing zone, to which flow-influencing means are attached.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a mixing device of the type mentioned at the outset, with which large-scale longitudinal vortices can be generated, which enable fast, controlled mixing of the flowing substances within a very short distance.
  • the advantage of such a vortex generator can be seen in its particular simplicity in every respect.
  • the element consisting of three walls with flow around it is completely problem-free.
  • the roof surface can be joined with the two side surfaces in a variety of ways.
  • the element can also be fixed to flat or curved channel walls in the case of weldable materials by simple weld seams. From a fluidic point of view, the element has a very low pressure drop when flowing around and it creates vortices without a dead water area.
  • the element can be cooled in a variety of ways and with various means.
  • a vortex generator essentially consists of three freely flowing triangular surfaces. These are a roof surface 10 and two side surfaces 11 and 13. In their longitudinal extent, these surfaces run at certain angles in the direction of flow.
  • the two side surfaces 11 and 13 are each perpendicular to the associated wall 21 of a partition plate 22, it being noted that this is not mandatory.
  • the side walls which consist of right-angled triangles, are with their long sides on this Wall 21 fixed, preferably gas-tight. They are oriented so that they form a joint on their narrow sides, including an arrow angle a.
  • the joint is designed as a sharp connecting edge 16 and is also perpendicular to that wall 21 with which the side surfaces are flush. Installed in a duct, the flow cross-section is hardly affected by blocking because of the sharp connecting edge.
  • the two side surfaces 11, 13 including the arrow angle a are symmetrical in shape, size and orientation and are arranged on both sides of an axis of symmetry 17. This axis of symmetry 17 is rectified like the channel axis.
  • the roof surface 10 lies with a very flat edge 15 running transversely to the flow around the separating plate on the same wall 21 as the side walls 11, 13. Its longitudinal edges 12, 14 are flush with the longitudinal edges of the side surfaces protruding into the flow channel.
  • the roof surface extends at an angle of incidence 0 to the wall 21. Its longitudinal edges 12, 14 form a tip 18 together with the connecting edge 16.
  • the vortex generator can also be provided with a bottom surface with which it is fastened to the wall 21 in a suitable manner.
  • a floor area is not related to the mode of operation of the element.
  • the connecting edge 16 of the two side surfaces 11, 13 forms the downstream edge of the vortex generator 9.
  • the edge 15 of the roof surface 10 which runs transversely to the flow around the separating plate 22 is thus the edge which is first acted upon by the channel flow.
  • the vortex generator works as follows: When flowing around edges 12 and 14, the flow is converted into a pair of opposing vortices. The vortex axes lie in the axis of the flow. The geometry of the vortex generators is chosen so that no backflow zones arise during vortex generation.
  • the swirl number of the vortex is determined by a corresponding choice of the angle of attack 0 and / or the arrow angle a. With increasing angles, the vortex strength or the number of swirls is increased and the location of the vortex breakdown (if desired at all) moves upstream into the area of the vortex generator itself. Depending on the application, these two angles are 0 and a is determined by the design and by the process itself. It is then only necessary to adjust the height h of the connecting edge 16 (FIG. 4).
  • the sharp connecting edge 16 in FIG. 2 is the point which is first acted upon by the channel flow.
  • the element is rotated by 180.
  • the two opposite vortices have changed their sense of rotation. They rotate along the roof surface and strive towards the wall on which the vortex generator is mounted.
  • the shape of the flow around the separating plate 22 is not essential for the mode of operation of the invention.
  • the partition plate 22 could also be a straight or hexagonal or other cross-sectional shape.
  • the partition plate 22 is curved.
  • the above statement that the side surfaces are perpendicular to the wall must of course be relativized.
  • the connecting edge 16 lying on the line of symmetry 17 is perpendicular to the corresponding wall. In the case of annular walls, the connecting edge 16 would thus be aligned radially, as is shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3 partially shows a cylindrical container with a built-in partition plate 22.
  • the outer wall of the partition plate forms the inner channel wall 21'b of the outer channel, while the inner wall of the partition plate forms the outer channel wall 21 "a of the inner channel.
  • the same channels could flow through the two channels at different speeds; or it could be flowing substances of different densities or chemical compositions that have to be mixed in the shortest possible way to a certain uniformly distributed concentration.
  • an equal number of vortex generators 9 are lined up with gaps in the circumferential direction.
  • the height h of the elements 9 is approximately 90% of the channel height H.
  • the annular elements are, as shown in FIG 4, provided in the same axial plane The flow takes place perpendicularly into the drawing plane in Fig. 3, the elements 9 are oriented such that the connecting edges 16 are directed against the flow The region of the connecting edge is descending, ie strives towards the wall on which the vortex generator is arranged.
  • the eddy currents generated on its two sides are forced into one another, resulting in the desired mixing.
  • a further increase in the mixing quality is achieved if, as shown in FIG. 3, the connecting edges 16 of the vortex generators in the case of the the subchannels are offset by half a division. If swirl-like vortices are used in the subchannels, it can be seen that the vortices rotating around a common radial on both sides of the separating plate combine to form a large vortex with a uniform direction of rotation.
  • the vortex generators in the two partial channels could have different heights compared to the channel height H.
  • the height h match the connecting edge 16 with the channel height H in such a way that the generated vortex immediately downstream of the vortex generator already has such a size that the full channel height H or the full height of the channel part assigned to the vortex generator is filled, which results in a uniform
  • Another criterion that can influence the ratio h / H to be selected is the pressure drop that occurs when the vortex generator flows around. It is understood that with a larger ratio h / H the Pressure loss coefficient increases.
  • FIG. 4 also illustrates how the cross section of the mixing zone d increases steeply downstream of the trailing edge of the partition plate. With this configuration, it can be seen that an intimate mixture is achieved after a short distance.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)

Abstract

In a mixing apparatus for mixing two or more substances, the substances to be mixed flow along a separation plate (22) which is arranged upstream of the mixing zone (d) and on which are mounted flow-influencing elements. The elements are vortex generators (9) of which a plurality are arranged adjacently transversely to the direction of flow over the width or the periphery of the separation plate (22). A vortex generator (9) has three surfaces over which flow freely passes and which extend in the direction of flow and of which one forms the roof surface (10) and the other two form the side surfaces (11, 13). The side surfaces together enclose the sweepback angle ( alpha ). The roof surface runs at an angle of attack ( THETA ) to the wall (21). By means of the vortex generators, large-scale longitudinal vortices can be generated which make possible rapid controlled mixing of the flowing substances within the shortest possible path.

Description

Technisches GebietTechnical field

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Mischvorrichtung zum Mischen von zwei oder mehreren Stoffen, welche den gleichen oder ungleichen Massenstrom aufweisen können, wobei die zu mischenden Stoffe längs einer stromaufwärts der Mischzone angeordneten Trennplatte strömen, an welcher strömungsbeeinflussende Mittel angebracht sind.The invention relates to a mixing device for mixing two or more substances, which may have the same or different mass flow, the substances to be mixed flowing along a separating plate arranged upstream of the mixing zone, to which flow-influencing means are attached.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

In vielen Sektoren wie beispielsweise in der Chemie, der Nahrungsmittel- oder Pharmaproduktion usw. wird verlangt, Stoffe auf kürzestem Weg innig zu vermischen. Die Qualität des ganzen Prozesses hängt meistens von der erzielten Mischqualität ab. Dabei sollte der Druckabfall anlässlich des Mischvorgangs in "vernünftigem" Rahmen bleiben, um die Prozesskosten durch niedrige Pumparbeit klein zu halten.In many sectors such as chemistry, food or pharmaceutical production, etc., it is required to mix substances intimately by the shortest route. The quality of the whole process mostly depends on the mixing quality achieved. The pressure drop on the occasion of the mixing process should remain in a "reasonable" range in order to keep the process costs low due to low pumping work.

Anlässlich der Mischung zwei freier Scherschichten von Strömungen unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeit, Dichte oder Konzentration am Ende einer Trennplatte werden bei Abwesenheit von zusätzlichen Mischelementen zweidimensionale (spanwise) Wirbel erzeugt, die für Mischzwecke zu langsam sind, weil die Wachsrate einer freien Scherschicht ungenügend ist.On the occasion of the mixing of two free shear layers of flows of different speeds, densities or concentrations at the end of a separating plate, in the absence of additional mixing elements, two-dimensional (spanwise) vortices are generated which are too slow for mixing purposes because the wax rate of a free shear layer is insufficient.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen. Die Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Mischvorrichtung der eingangs genannten zu schaffen, mit der gross-skalige Längswirbel erzeugt werden können, die ein schnelles, kontrolliertes Mischen der strömenden Stoffe innert kürzester Strecke ermöglichen.The invention seeks to remedy this. The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a mixing device of the type mentioned at the outset, with which large-scale longitudinal vortices can be generated, which enable fast, controlled mixing of the flowing substances within a very short distance.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dies dadurch erreicht,

  • - dass die Mittel Wirbel-Generatoren sind, von denen über der Breite oder dem Umfang der Trennplatte quer zur Strömungsrichtung mehrere nebeneinander angeordnet sind,
  • - dass ein Wirbel-Generator drei frei umströmte Flächen aufweist, die sich in Strömungsrichtung erstrecken und von denen eine die Dachfläche und die beiden andern die Seitenflächen bilden,
  • - dass die Seitenflächen mit einer gleichen Wand bündig sind und miteinander den Pfeilwinkel a einschliessen,
  • - dass die Dachfläche mit einer quer zur umströmten Wand verlaufenden Kante an der gleichen Wand anliegt wie die Seitenwände,
  • - und dass die längsgerichteten Kanten der Dachfläche, die bündig sind mit den in den Strömungskanal hineinragenden längsgerichteten Kanten der Seitenflächen unter einem Anstellwinkel 0 zur Wand verlaufen
According to the invention, this is achieved by
  • that the means are vortex generators, of which several are arranged next to one another across the width or circumference of the separating plate, transversely to the flow direction
  • that a vortex generator has three freely flowing surfaces which extend in the direction of flow and one of which forms the roof surface and the other two form the side surfaces,
  • - that the side surfaces are flush with the same wall and enclose the arrow angle a,
  • - that the roof surface lies with an edge running transversely to the wall around which it flows, on the same wall as the side walls,
  • - And that the longitudinal edges of the roof surface, which are flush with the longitudinal edges of the side surfaces protruding into the flow channel, run at an angle of incidence 0 to the wall

Mit dem neuen statischen Mischer, den die 3- dimensionalen Wirbel-Generatoren darstellen, ist es möglich, in der Mischzone ausserordentlich kurze Mischstrecken bei gleichzeitig geringem Druckverlust zu erzielen, ohne die Gesamtkonfiguration der Anlage ändern zu müssen.With the new static mixer, which is represented by the 3-dimensional vortex generators, it is possible to achieve extraordinarily short mixing distances in the mixing zone with low pressure loss without having to change the overall configuration of the system.

Der Vorteil eines solchen Wirbel-Generators ist in seiner besonderen Einfachheit in jeder Hinsicht zu sehen. Fertigungstechnisch ist das aus drei umströmten Wänden bestehende Element völlig problemlos. Die Dachfläche kann mit den beiden Seitenflächen auf verschiedenste Arten zusammengefügt werden. Auch die Fixierung des Elementes an ebenen oder gekrümmten Kanalwänden kann im Falle von schweissbaren Materialien durch einfache Schweissnähte erfolgen. Vom strömungstechnischen Standpunkt her weist das Element beim Umströmen einen sehr geringen Druckverlust auf und es erzeugt Wirbel ohne Totwassergebiet.The advantage of such a vortex generator can be seen in its particular simplicity in every respect. In terms of production technology, the element consisting of three walls with flow around it is completely problem-free. The roof surface can be joined with the two side surfaces in a variety of ways. The element can also be fixed to flat or curved channel walls in the case of weldable materials by simple weld seams. From a fluidic point of view, the element has a very low pressure drop when flowing around and it creates vortices without a dead water area.

Schliesslich kann das Element durch seinen in der Regel hohlen Innenraum auf die verschiedensten Arten und mit diversen Mitteln gekühlt werden.Finally, due to its generally hollow interior, the element can be cooled in a variety of ways and with various means.

Es ist sinnvoll, wenn die beiden den Pfeilwinkel α einschliessenden Seitenflächen symmetrisch um eine Symmetrieachse angeordnet sind. Damit werden drallgleiche Wirbel erzeugt.It makes sense if the two side surfaces including the arrow angle α are arranged symmetrically about an axis of symmetry. This creates swirls of equal swirl.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungBrief description of the drawing

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Wirbel-Generators;
  • Fig. 2 eine Anordnungsvariante des Wirbel-Generators;
  • Fig. 3 einen teilweisen Schnitt durch ein doppelkanalig durchströmtes Behältnis mit eingebauten Wirbel-Generatoren;
  • Fig. 4 einen teilweisen Längsschnitt durch das Behältnis nach Linie 4-4 in Fig. 3.
In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a vortex generator.
  • 2 shows a variant of the arrangement of the vortex generator;
  • 3 shows a partial section through a container through which a double channel flows and with built-in vortex generators;
  • 4 shows a partial longitudinal section through the container according to line 4-4 in FIG. 3.

Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungWay of carrying out the invention

In den Figuren 1 und 2 besteht ein Wirbel-Generator im wesentlichen aus drei frei umströmten dreieckigen Flächen. Es sind dies eine Dachfläche 10 und zwei Seitenflächen 11 und 13. In ihrer Längserstreckung verlaufen diese Flächen unter bestimmten Winkeln in Strömungsrichtung.In FIGS. 1 and 2, a vortex generator essentially consists of three freely flowing triangular surfaces. These are a roof surface 10 and two side surfaces 11 and 13. In their longitudinal extent, these surfaces run at certain angles in the direction of flow.

In den gezeigten Beispielen stehen die beiden Seitenflächen 11 und 13 jeweils senkrecht auf der zugehörigen Wand 21 einer Trennplatte 22, wobei angemerkt wird, dass dies nicht zwingend ist. Die Seitenwände, welche aus rechtwinkligen Dreiecken bestehen, sind mit ihren Längsseiten auf dieser Wand 21 fixiert, vorzugsweise gasdicht. Sie sind so orientiert, dass sie an ihren Schmalseiten einen Stoss bilden unter Einschluss eines Pfeilwinkels a. Der Stoss ist als scharfe Verbindungskante 16 ausgeführt und steht ebenfalls senkrecht zu jener Wand 21, mit welcher die Seitenflächen bündig sind. In einem Kanal eingebaut, wird wegen der scharfen Verbindungskante der Durchströmquerschnitt kaum durch Sperrung beeinträchtigt. Die beiden den Pfeilwinkel a einschliessenden Seitenflächen 11, 13 sind symmetrisch in Form, Grösse und Orientierung und sind beidseitig einer Symmetrieachse 17 angeordnet. Diese Symmetrieachse 17 ist gleichgerichtet wie die Kanalachse.In the examples shown, the two side surfaces 11 and 13 are each perpendicular to the associated wall 21 of a partition plate 22, it being noted that this is not mandatory. The side walls, which consist of right-angled triangles, are with their long sides on this Wall 21 fixed, preferably gas-tight. They are oriented so that they form a joint on their narrow sides, including an arrow angle a. The joint is designed as a sharp connecting edge 16 and is also perpendicular to that wall 21 with which the side surfaces are flush. Installed in a duct, the flow cross-section is hardly affected by blocking because of the sharp connecting edge. The two side surfaces 11, 13 including the arrow angle a are symmetrical in shape, size and orientation and are arranged on both sides of an axis of symmetry 17. This axis of symmetry 17 is rectified like the channel axis.

Die Dachfläche 10 liegt mit einer quer zur umströmten Trennplatte verlaufenden und sehr flach ausgebildeten Kante 15 an der gleichen Wand 21 an wie die Seitenwände 11, 13. Ihre längsgerichteten Kanten 12, 14 sind bündig mit den in den Strömungskanal hineinragenden längsgerichteten Kanten der Seitenflächen. Die Dachfläche verläuft unter einem Anstellwinkel 0 zur Wand 21. Ihre Längskanten 12, 14 bilden zusammen mit der Verbindungskante 16 eine Spitze 18.The roof surface 10 lies with a very flat edge 15 running transversely to the flow around the separating plate on the same wall 21 as the side walls 11, 13. Its longitudinal edges 12, 14 are flush with the longitudinal edges of the side surfaces protruding into the flow channel. The roof surface extends at an angle of incidence 0 to the wall 21. Its longitudinal edges 12, 14 form a tip 18 together with the connecting edge 16.

Selbstverständlich kann der Wirbel-Generator auch mit einer Bodenfläche versehen sein, mit welcher er auf geeignete Art an der Wand 21 befestigt ist. Eine derartige Bodenfläche steht indes in keinem Zusammenhang mit der Wirkungsweise des Elementes.Of course, the vortex generator can also be provided with a bottom surface with which it is fastened to the wall 21 in a suitable manner. However, such a floor area is not related to the mode of operation of the element.

In Fig. 1 bildet die Verbindungskante 16 der beiden Seitenflächen 11, 13 die stromabwärtige Kante des Wirbel-Generators 9. Die quer zur umströmten Trennplatte 22 verlaufende Kante 15 der Dachfläche 10 ist somit die von der Kanalströmung zuerst beaufschlagte Kante.In FIG. 1, the connecting edge 16 of the two side surfaces 11, 13 forms the downstream edge of the vortex generator 9. The edge 15 of the roof surface 10 which runs transversely to the flow around the separating plate 22 is thus the edge which is first acted upon by the channel flow.

Die Wirkungsweise des Wirbel-Generators ist folgende: Beim Umströmen der Kanten 12 und 14 wird die Strömung in ein Paar gegenläufiger Wirbel umgewandelt. Die Wirbelachsen liegen in der Achse der Strömung. Die Geometrie der Wirbel-Generatoren ist so gewählt, dass bei der Wirbelerzeugung keine Rückströmzonen entstehen.The vortex generator works as follows: When flowing around edges 12 and 14, the flow is converted into a pair of opposing vortices. The vortex axes lie in the axis of the flow. The geometry of the vortex generators is chosen so that no backflow zones arise during vortex generation.

Die Drallzahl des Wirbels wird bestimmt durch entsprechende Wahl des Anstellwinkels 0 und/oder des Pfeilwinkels a. Mit steigenden Winkeln wird die Wirbelstärke bzw. die Drallzahl erhöht und der Ort des Wirbelaufplatzens (vortex break down) - sofern dies überhaupt gewünscht ist - wandert stromaufwärts bis hin in den Bereich des Wirbel-Generators selbst. Je nach Anwendung sind diese beiden Winkel 0 und a durch konstruktive Gegebenheiten und durch den Prozess selbst vorgegeben. Angepasst werden muss dann nur noch die Höhe h der Verbindungskante 16 (Fig. 4).The swirl number of the vortex is determined by a corresponding choice of the angle of attack 0 and / or the arrow angle a. With increasing angles, the vortex strength or the number of swirls is increased and the location of the vortex breakdown (if desired at all) moves upstream into the area of the vortex generator itself. Depending on the application, these two angles are 0 and a is determined by the design and by the process itself. It is then only necessary to adjust the height h of the connecting edge 16 (FIG. 4).

Im Gegensatz zu Fig. 1 ist in Fig. 2 die scharfe Verbindungskante 16 jene Stelle, die von der Kanalströmung zuerst beaufschlagt wird. Das Element ist um 180 gedreht. Wie aus der Darstellung erkennbar, haben die beiden gegenläufigen Wirbel ihren Drehsinn geändert. Sie rotieren oberhalb der Dachfläche entlang und streben der Wand zu, auf welcher der Wirbel-Generator montiert ist.In contrast to FIG. 1, the sharp connecting edge 16 in FIG. 2 is the point which is first acted upon by the channel flow. The element is rotated by 180. As can be seen from the illustration, the two opposite vortices have changed their sense of rotation. They rotate along the roof surface and strive towards the wall on which the vortex generator is mounted.

Es wird darauf hingewiesen, dass die Form der umströmten Trennplatte 22 für die Wirkungsweise der Erfindung nicht wesentlich ist. Statt der in Fig. 3 gezeigten Ringform der Trennplatte 22 könnte es sich auch um eine gerade oder hexagonale oder eine sonstige Querschnittsform handeln. Im Beispielsfall der Fig. 3 ist die Trennplatte 22 gekrümmt. Die obige Aussage, dass die Seitenflächen senkrecht auf der Wand stehen, muss in einem solchen Fall selbstverständlich relativiert werden. Massgebend ist, dass die auf der Symmetrielinie 17 liegende Verbindungskante 16 senkrecht auf der entsprechenden Wand steht. Im Fall von ringförmigen Wänden würde die Verbindungskante 16 somit radial ausgerichtet sein, wie dies in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist.It is pointed out that the shape of the flow around the separating plate 22 is not essential for the mode of operation of the invention. Instead of the ring shape of the partition plate 22 shown in FIG. 3, it could also be a straight or hexagonal or other cross-sectional shape. In the example of FIG. 3, the partition plate 22 is curved. In such a case, the above statement that the side surfaces are perpendicular to the wall must of course be relativized. It is important that the connecting edge 16 lying on the line of symmetry 17 is perpendicular to the corresponding wall. In the case of annular walls, the connecting edge 16 would thus be aligned radially, as is shown in FIG. 3.

Die Figur 3 zeigt teilweise ein zylindrisches Behältnis mit eingebauter Trennplatte 22. Der durchströmte Querschnitt ist durch diese Trennplatte 22 in zwei koaxiale, kreisringförmige Kanäle 20' und 20" gleicher Kanalhöhe H, unterteilt. Die äussere Wandung der Trennplatte bildet die innere Kanalwand 21'b des äusseren Kanals, während die innere Wandung der Trennplatte die äussere Kanalwand 21 "a des inneren Kanals bildet. Die beiden Kanäle könnten von einem gleichen Medium mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeit durchströmt sein; oder es könnte sich um strömende Stoffe unterschiedlicher Dichte oder chemischer Zusammensetzung handeln, die auf kürzestem Wege zu einer bestimmten gleichmässig verteilter Konzentration vermischt werden müssen.FIG. 3 partially shows a cylindrical container with a built-in partition plate 22. The cross section through which flow is divided by this partition plate 22 into two coaxial, circular channels 20 'and 20 "of the same channel height H. The outer wall of the partition plate forms the inner channel wall 21'b of the outer channel, while the inner wall of the partition plate forms the outer channel wall 21 "a of the inner channel. The same channels could flow through the two channels at different speeds; or it could be flowing substances of different densities or chemical compositions that have to be mixed in the shortest possible way to a certain uniformly distributed concentration.

An diesen beiden Kanalwänden 21'b und 21 "a ist jeweils eine gleiche Anzahl von Wirbel-Generatoren 9 in Umfangsrichtung mit Zwischenräumen aneinandergereiht. Die Höhe h der Elemente 9 beträgt ca. 90% der Kanalhöhe H. Die ringförmig verlaufenden Elemente sind, wie Fig. 4 gezeigt, in der gleichen Axialebene vorgesehen. Die Strömung erfolgt in Fig. 3 senkrecht in die Zeichenebene hinein; die Elemente 9 sind so orientiert, dass die Verbindungskanten 16 gegen die Strömung gerichtet sind. Erkennbar ist, dass der Drehsinn der erzeugten Wirbel im Bereich der Verbindungskante absteigend ist, d.h. zu jener Wand hinstrebt, auf der der Wirbel-Generator angeordnet ist. Am Ende der Trennplatte 22 werden die auf deren beiden Seiten erzeugten Wirbelströme ineinandergezwängt, wobei es zu der gewünschten Durchmischung kommt.On these two channel walls 21'b and 21 "a, an equal number of vortex generators 9 are lined up with gaps in the circumferential direction. The height h of the elements 9 is approximately 90% of the channel height H. The annular elements are, as shown in FIG 4, provided in the same axial plane The flow takes place perpendicularly into the drawing plane in Fig. 3, the elements 9 are oriented such that the connecting edges 16 are directed against the flow The region of the connecting edge is descending, ie strives towards the wall on which the vortex generator is arranged. At the end of the separating plate 22, the eddy currents generated on its two sides are forced into one another, resulting in the desired mixing.

Eine weitere Erhöhung der Mischqualität wird erreicht, wenn wie in Fig. 3 gezeigt, die Verbindungskanten 16 der Wirbel-Generatoren in den beiden Teilkanälen um eine halbe Teilung gegeneinander versetzt sind. Werden drallgleiche Wirbel in den Teilkanälen zugrundegelegt, so ist erkennbar, dass die um eine gemeinsame Radiale rotierenden Wirbel beider Trennplattenseiten sich zu einem grossen Wirbel mit einheitlichem Drehsinn kombinieren.A further increase in the mixing quality is achieved if, as shown in FIG. 3, the connecting edges 16 of the vortex generators in the case of the the subchannels are offset by half a division. If swirl-like vortices are used in the subchannels, it can be seen that the vortices rotating around a common radial on both sides of the separating plate combine to form a large vortex with a uniform direction of rotation.

Aus Fig 4, in welcher die durchströmten Teilkanäle mit 20' und 20" bezeichnet sind, ist erkennbar (aber nicht dargestellt), dass die Wirbel-Generatoren in beiden Teilkanälen unterschiedliche Höhen gegenüber der Kanalhöhe H aufweisen könnten. In der Regel wird man die Höhe h der Verbindungskante 16 so mit der Kanalhöhe H abstimmen, dass der erzeugte Wirbel unmittelbar stromabwärts des Wirbel-Generators bereits eine solche Grösse erreicht, dass die volle Kanalhöhe H oder die volle Höhe des dem Wirbel-Generators zugeordneten Kanalteils ausgefüllt wird, was zu einer gleichmässigen Verteilung in dem beaufschlagten Querschnitt führt. Ein weiteres Kriterium, welches Einfluss auf das zu wählende Verhältnis h/H nehmen kann, ist der Druckabfall, der beim Umströmen des Wirbel-Generators auftritt. Es versteht sich, dass mit grösserem Verhältnis h/H auch der Druckverlustbeiwert ansteigt.From FIG. 4, in which the partial channels flowed through are designated 20 'and 20 ", it can be seen (but not shown) that the vortex generators in the two partial channels could have different heights compared to the channel height H. Usually, the height h match the connecting edge 16 with the channel height H in such a way that the generated vortex immediately downstream of the vortex generator already has such a size that the full channel height H or the full height of the channel part assigned to the vortex generator is filled, which results in a uniform Another criterion that can influence the ratio h / H to be selected is the pressure drop that occurs when the vortex generator flows around. It is understood that with a larger ratio h / H the Pressure loss coefficient increases.

In Fig. 4 ist ebenfalls illustriert, wie der Querschnitt der Mischzone d stromabwärts der Trennplattenhinterkante steil ansteigt. Bei dieser Konfiguration ist erkennbar, dass eine innige Mischung bereits nach einer kurzen Strecke vollzogen ist.FIG. 4 also illustrates how the cross section of the mixing zone d increases steeply downstream of the trailing edge of the partition plate. With this configuration, it can be seen that an intimate mixture is achieved after a short distance.

Selbstverständlich ist die Erfindung nicht nur auf die gezeigten und beschriebenen Ausführungs-und Anwendungsbeispiele beschränkt. Durch gezielte Auslegung und Dimensionierung der Wirbel-Generatoren hat man bei gegebenen Strömungen ein einfaches Mittel an der Hand, je nach Bedarf den Mischvorgang zu steuern. In Abweichung zu den in Fig. 3 und 4 gezeigten Anordnungen - bei welchen selbstverständlich auch die äussern Kanalwände 21'a und 21 "b entfallen könnten - besteht die Möglichkeit, Wirbel-Generatoren nach den Fig. 1 und 2 zu kombinieren, um beispielsweise das Wachstum der Mischzone d nach einer Seite hin zu vergrössern.Of course, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments and application examples shown and described. Through the targeted design and dimensioning of the vortex generators, given given flows, you have a simple means of controlling the mixing process as required. 3 and 4 - in which the outer channel walls 21'a and 21 "b could of course also be omitted - there is the possibility of combining vortex generators according to FIGS. 1 and 2, for example in order to do this Increase the growth of the mixing zone d to one side.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

  • 9 Wirbel-Generator9 vortex generator
  • 10 Dachfläche10 roof area
  • 11 Seitenfläche11 side surface
  • 12 Längskante12 long edge
  • 13 Seitenfläche13 side surface
  • 14 Längskante14 longitudinal edge
  • 15 quer verlaufenden Kante von 1015 transverse edge of 10
  • 16 Verbindungskante16 connecting edge
  • 17 Symmetrielinie17 line of symmetry
  • 18 Spitze18 top
  • 20', 20" Teilkanal20 ', 20 "subchannel
  • 21, a,b Wand21, a, b wall
  • 22 Trennplatte22 separating plate
  • 0 Anstellwinkel0 angle of attack
  • a Pfeilwinkela arrow angle
  • h Höhe von 16h height of 16
  • H KanalhöheH channel height
  • L Länge des Wirbel-GeneratorsL length of the vortex generator
  • d Mischzoned mixing zone

Claims (9)

1. Mischvorrichtung zum Mischen von zwei oder mehreren Stoffen, welche den gleichen oder ungleichen Massenstrom aufweisen können, wobei die zu mischenden Stoffe längs einer stromaufwärts der Mischzone (d) angeordneten Trennplatte (22) strömen, an welcher strömungsbeeinflussende Mittel angebracht sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass die Mittel Wirbel-Generatoren (9) sind, von denen über der Breite oder dem Umfang der Trennplatte (22) quer zur Strömungsrichtung mehrere nebeneinander angeordnet sind, - dass ein Wirbel-Generator (9) drei frei umströmte Flächen aufweist, die sich in Strömungsrichtung erstrecken und von denen eine die Dachfläche (10) und die beiden andern die Seitenflächen (11, 13) bilden, - dass die Seitenflächen (11, 13) mit einer gleichen Wand (21) bündig sind und miteinander den Pfeilwinkel (a) einschliessen, - dass die Dachfläche (10) mit einer quer zur umströmten Wand (21) verlaufenden Kante (15) an der gleichen Wand anliegt wie die Seitenwände, - und dass die längsgerichteten Kanten (12, 14) der Dachfläche, die bündig sind mit den in den Strömungskanal hineinragenden längsgerichteten Kanten der Seitenflächen unter einem Anstellwinkel (6) zur Wand (21) verlaufen 1. Mixing device for mixing two or more substances, which may have the same or different mass flow, the substances to be mixed flowing along a separating plate (22) arranged upstream of the mixing zone (d), to which flow-influencing means are attached, characterized in that
that the means are vortex generators (9), of which several are arranged next to one another across the width or circumference of the separating plate (22) transversely to the direction of flow, - That a vortex generator (9) has three freely flowing surfaces which extend in the direction of flow and one of which forms the roof surface (10) and the other two the side surfaces (11, 13), - That the side surfaces (11, 13) are flush with the same wall (21) and enclose the arrow angle (a) with each other, - That the roof surface (10) with an edge (15) extending transversely to the flow around the wall (21) abuts the same wall as the side walls, - And that the longitudinal edges (12, 14) of the roof surface, which are flush with the projecting into the flow channel longitudinal edges of the side surfaces at an angle (6) to the wall (21) 2. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden den Pfeilwinkel (a) einschliessenden Seitenflächen (11, 13) des Wirbel-Generators (9) symmetrisch um eine Symmetrieachse (17) angeordnet sind.2. Mixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the two side surfaces (11, 13) of the vortex generator (9) including the arrow angle (a) are arranged symmetrically about an axis of symmetry (17). 3. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden den Pfeilwinkel (a) einschliessenden Seitenflächen (11, 13) eine Verbindungskante (16) miteinander umfassen, welche zusammen mit den längsgerichteten Kanten (12, 14) der Dachfläche (10) eine Spitze (18) bilden, und dass die Verbindungskante vorzugsweise senkrecht zu jener Wand (21) verläuft, mit welcher die Seitenflächen bündig sind.3. Mixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the two side surfaces (11, 13) including the arrow angle (a) comprise a connecting edge (16) with one another, which together with the longitudinal edges (12, 14) of the roof surface (10) Form tip (18), and that the connecting edge is preferably perpendicular to that wall (21) with which the side surfaces are flush. 4. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindungskante (16) und/oder die längsgerichteten Kanten (12, 14) der Dachfläche zumindest annähernd scharf ausgebildet sind.4. Mixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the connecting edge (16) and / or the longitudinal edges (12, 14) of the roof surface are at least approximately sharp. 5. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Symmetrieachse (17) des Wirbel-Generators (9) in Strömungsrichtung verläuft, wobei die Verbindungskante (16) der beiden Seitenflächen (11, 13) die stromabwärtige Kante des Wirbel-Generators bildet und wobei die quer zur umströmten Wand verlaufende Kante (15) der Dachfläche (10) die von der Strömung zuerst beaufschlagte Kante ist.5. Mixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the axis of symmetry (17) of the vortex generator (9) extends in the direction of flow, the connecting edge (16) of the two side surfaces (11, 13) forming the downstream edge of the vortex generator and the edge (15) of the roof surface (10) running transversely to the wall around which the flow flows is the edge which is first acted upon by the flow. 6. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Symmetrieachse (17) in Strömungsrichtung verläuft, wobei die Verbindungskante (16) der beiden Seitenflächen (11, 13) die von der Strömung zuerst beaufschlagte Kante ist, während die quer quer zur umströmten Wand verlaufende Kante (15) der Dachfläche (10) stromabwärts angeordnet ist.6. Mixing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the axis of symmetry (17) extends in the direction of flow, the connecting edge (16) of the two side surfaces (11, 13) being the edge first acted upon by the flow, while the cross is transverse to the flow around the wall extending edge (15) of the roof surface (10) is arranged downstream. 7. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennplatte (22) in einem doppelkanaligen Behältnis angeordnet ist unter Bildung von zwei ringförmigen Teilkanälen (20', 20"), und dass in jedem Teilkanal die gleiche Anzahl von Wirbel-Generatoren (9) im Umfangsrichtung angeordnet ist, und dass die Wirbel-Generatoren beidseitig an der Trennplatte (22) in einer gleichen Axialebene befestigt sind.7. Mixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition plate (22) is arranged in a double-channel container to form two annular sub-channels (20 ', 20 "), and that in each sub-channel the same number of vortex generators (9 ) is arranged in the circumferential direction, and that the vortex generators are attached on both sides to the separating plate (22) in the same axial plane. 8. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis Höhe (h) des Wirbel-Generators zur Höhe (H) des Teilkanals (20', 20") so gewählt ist, dass der erzeugte Wirbel unmittelbar stromabwärts des Wirbel-Generators die volle Teilkanalhöhe oder die volle Höhe des dem Wirbel-Generators zugeordneten Kanalteils ausfüllt.8. Mixing device according to claim 7, characterized in that the ratio height (h) of the vortex generator to the height (H) of the subchannel (20 ', 20 ") is selected so that the vortex generated immediately downstream of the vortex generator full sub-channel height or the full height of the channel part assigned to the vortex generator. 9. Mischvorrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die an der Trennplatte (22) angeordneten Wirbel-Generatoren (9) von zwei benachbarten Teilkanälen um eine halbe Teilung gegeneinander versetzt sind.9. Mixing device according to claim 7, characterized in that the vortex generators (9) arranged on the separating plate (22) of two adjacent subchannels are offset by half a pitch.
EP94103386A 1993-04-08 1994-03-07 Mixing receptacle Expired - Lifetime EP0619134B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1084/93 1993-04-08
CH108493 1993-04-08

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JP3578355B2 (en) 2004-10-20
EP0619134B1 (en) 1996-12-18

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