EP0618987B1 - Schallabschirmwand und deren verwendung - Google Patents

Schallabschirmwand und deren verwendung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0618987B1
EP0618987B1 EP93924098A EP93924098A EP0618987B1 EP 0618987 B1 EP0618987 B1 EP 0618987B1 EP 93924098 A EP93924098 A EP 93924098A EP 93924098 A EP93924098 A EP 93924098A EP 0618987 B1 EP0618987 B1 EP 0618987B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
noise
element according
plane
angled shield
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93924098A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0618987A1 (de
Inventor
Henri Vallade
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L'ENTREPRISE INDUSTRIELLE
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L'Entreprise Industrielle
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Publication of EP0618987A1 publication Critical patent/EP0618987A1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • E01F8/0029—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement with porous surfaces, e.g. concrete with porous fillers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F8/00—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic
    • E01F8/0005—Arrangements for absorbing or reflecting air-transmitted noise from road or railway traffic used in a wall type arrangement
    • E01F8/0017—Plate-like elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a noise protection element and to its use.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by the use of a noise protection element, which, although having a slight modification of structure, allows a significant increase in the attenuation to be obtained, or insertion loss of noise generated in the vicinity of a traffic lane.
  • Another object of the present invention is the implementation of a modular-type protective assembly element, which makes it possible to envisage great flexibility of use, depending on the topography or the configuration of the places of implantation.
  • the noise protection element object of the present invention intended by assembly to form a noise protection wall, is remarkable in that it comprises a substantially flat panel, of determined height, and a visor formed by a substantially strip plane, this visor being mounted at one end of the panel and the plane containing the visor being inclined relative to the plane containing the panel at an angle ⁇ between 7 ° and 55 °, according to the characteristics of claim 1.
  • the noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention finds application in the soundproofing of motorways, roads or motorways, or railways or, where appropriate, runways or sections of runways at airports.
  • the noise protection element object of the present invention is intended, by assembly, to form a noise protection wall.
  • the visor 2 formed by a substantially flat strip, this visor being mounted at one end of the panel 1.
  • the plane containing the visor 2 is inclined relative to the plane containing the panel 1 at an angle ⁇ between 7 ° and 55 °.
  • the strip forming the visor 2 has a transverse dimension such that this dimension projected in the plane of the panel 1, and referenced h in the above-mentioned figure, is between 10/100 and 30/100 of the height of the aforementioned panel 1.
  • the strip forming the visor 2 may have a transverse dimension, which is of course perpendicular to the corresponding dimension of the edge of the panel 1 different according to the applications considered, as well as 'It will be described later in the description.
  • the visor 2 can be attached to one of the edges of the panel, the visor 2 can then be assembled using all suitable means at the edge of the panel so as to ensure sufficient rigidity and mechanical cohesion of the assembly.
  • the panel 1 can advantageously be subdivided into elementary panels, which are denoted l 1 , l 2 and l 3 , for example, the various elementary panels which can be assembled by means of a tenon and mortise type assembly, for example, so as to thus constitute a single panel 1 provided with its visor, as shown in FIG. 1a.
  • the elementary panel l 1 can advantageously be constituted by the elementary panel itself substantially planar, provided with a visor 2 while the elementary panels l 2 and l 3 are planar panels substantially rectangular intended to be superimposed so forming a part of the panel 1, which is completed by the elementary panel l 1 provided with its visor 2.
  • the visor 2 and the panel 1, or respectively the visor 2 and the elementary panel 1 1 are in one piece and formed from the same material.
  • the material used to produce either the elementary panels l 2 , l 3 , or the overall panel 1, or the elementary panel l 1 , provided with its visor 2 can be constituted by reinforced cement. or not, all of the elements thus produced, constituting a noise protection element, in accordance with the object of the present invention, can be prefabricated and conformed to standardized dimensions.
  • FIGS. 1b and 1c there is shown on the one hand with respect to FIG. 1b, a sectional view in the section plane AA of FIG. 1, and, on the other hand, in FIG. 1c a view from the right according to the arrow shown in Figure 1b of the latter figure.
  • the latter may be provided with a coating made of a material absorbing the sound energy generated by the movement of vehicles traveling on a traffic lane corresponding.
  • the elementary panels or the panel and the visor 2 can also be made of cement, the layer or internal face of the protective element, the internal face being defined as the face according to which the concavity of the panel 1 and of the visor 2 is turned, being provided with a layer of absorbent material.
  • an absorbent material may be provided, such as a composite material of the Concrete-Wood type marketed under the trademark "Concrete-Wood-System” by the holder.
  • this material is a composite material of concrete and wood fibers, which has given complete satisfaction with regard to the characteristics of absorption of noise or, more generally, of sound energy.
  • the coating can also be constituted by way of nonlimiting example by a sandwich comprising for example a layer of material of the cellular foam or polystyrene type, material used for example in anechoic chambers, this first material being covered with '' a layer of Concrete-Wood ensuring the protection of the layer of cellular alveolar material for example.
  • the coating when it is attached to the element, and in particular on the panel 1 constituting the latter, may include grooves noted 100 in the figure lc, these grooves being directed in the direction of the dimension H of the panel 1. These grooves have the function of thus producing the equivalent of a network allowing, as shown in FIG.
  • the grooves or corrugations shown on the face of the panel 1 preferably have dimensions of a few centimeters with a repetition step of the corresponding network. In FIGS. 1b and 1c, the grooves are noted with the reference 100.
  • the absorbent coating can be provided with grooves in the direction of the height of the panel formed by a network.
  • the network can be formed by a succession of slots and steps or grooves of rectangular section.
  • this ratio makes it possible to obtain maximum attenuation of the incident sound wave, in a frequency band of 100 Hz to 5,000 Hz, which due to the physical parameters of the network thus formed is subjected essentially to a phenomenon of diffusion and no longer of reflection, with a corresponding attenuation of the diffused wave.
  • the flat panel consists of an absorbent coating added or integrated on the surface subjected to noise. This is an absorbent and insulating system.
  • the visor is preferably made only of an absorbent coating. This is an absorbent and diffusing system.
  • Such a configuration makes it possible to cause a diffusion preferentially to a reflection of the energy. sound source of noise and maximum attenuation of the latter.
  • the noise protection element that is the subject of the invention can be stuck in the ground on a support base marked S, the base being buried in the ground and a plurality of elements being assembled in a direction orthogonal to direction H, perpendicular to the plane of Figure 1b and the arrow shown thereon to form a noise barrier.
  • test conditions are shown in FIG. 2a for the traditional solution, that is to say when a wall of the conventional type is used.
  • the wall had a height of 3.06 m for a thickness of 20 cm, this wall being produced for example by a substantially flat concrete module.
  • the line joining the source S and the distal end of this wall is called the limit of the shadow cast by the wall, this line being represented in phantom in Figure 2a at point I.
  • the measurement consisted of a differential measurement between a first reference receiver or microphone, marked MR, placed at a distance of 1 m on the shadow line from the wall and a first receiver marked R1 was placed on this same line, shadow line from the wall, beyond the wall and in direct view of the source S at a distance of 1 m from the latter, the receiver R1 therefore being in direct view of the source S.
  • a second receiver R2 was placed at a distance of 5 m from the distal end of the wall and at the same height as the latter. The R2 receiver was placed at a distance of 5 m from the wall beyond it in the direction of noise propagation.
  • the receivers R1 and R2 make it possible to carry out a differential measurement, which can be, thanks to the reference microphone MR, corrected in addition due to the attenuation of the distance between the source S and the receivers R1 and R2 , which allows to deduce the attenuation or losses by insertion in decibels, due to the presence of the wall in the traditional solution I, respectively of the visor element in situation II with or without absorbent coating or coating , respectively situation III. It will be noted that this latter situation corresponds to an inclined wall, height after inclination of 3.03 m, for a slope distance to the ground of 0.44 m.
  • FIG. 2b there has been shown for the same source signal S, as a function of the frequency in Hertz, the insertion losses in dB measured by the receiver R1 at the edge of the shadow after the corrections indicated above.
  • the insertion losses are substantially constant at a value of the order of 5dB for a wide frequency band between 250 and 2000 Hertz, the attenuation becoming weak for the lower frequencies, but on the contrary higher for the frequencies between 2000 and 4000 to 5000 Hertz. This finding justifies the validity of the corresponding comparative tests, the traditional solution consisting of a classic wall being taken as a reference.
  • the noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention
  • tests have been carried out, on the one hand in the absence of an absorbent coating or coating, situation for which the attenuation has a significant dip at the frequency of 250 Hertz, then a maximum relating to the value of 2000 Hertz and a minimum relating to the high frequencies between 2000 and 4000 to 5000 Hertz.
  • the attenuation curve in this case is relatively irregular due to the geometric nature of the element thus formed and the nature of the material used, concrete in the absence of absorbent coating.
  • FIG. 2b also shows the situation in which the protective element which is the subject of the present invention is accompanied by an absorbent coating or coating.
  • the attenuation dip at the frequency of 250 Hertz is significantly attenuated and the average value of the attenuation is significantly increased, in particular at high frequencies, between 2000 and 4000 to 5000 Hertz, in particular with respect, on the one hand to the traditional solution, and, on the other hand, with respect to the element object of the present invention used in the absence of absorbent coating.
  • the tests relating to the inclined wall under the conditions represented in FIG. 2a are represented in the same FIG. 2b and it can be seen that if the general appearance of the corresponding curve corresponds to that of the traditional solution, the inclination has the effect of cause attenuation or loss by insertion higher in the entire frequency range, the attenuation caused by the inclined wall being however not greater than that caused by the noise protection element, object of the present invention, provided with an absorbent coating only for very high frequencies of the order of 4000 Hertz. It will also be noted that for this latter value the attenuation of the inclined wall, although greater, is substantially equivalent to that which was caused by the protective element object of the invention when it is provided with a coating absorbent.
  • the overall result of the noise protection element object of the present invention when it is provided with an absorbent coating is higher in all frequency ranges than the solution traditional on the one hand, and on the other hand the corresponding element object of the invention in the absence of absorbent coating, while the attenuation of the noise protection element according to the invention, when that -this is provided with an absorbent coating, is only slightly lower than that caused by the inclined wall in the high frequency range.
  • FIG. 2c a comparative diagram has been shown for similar situations for the receiver R2 situated in the geometric shadow of the noise protection.
  • Attenuation irregularities when the element with visor without coating or absorbent coating is used with an attenuation peak at 500 Hertz while when the element with visor in accordance with the object of the present invention is used with an absorbent coating or coating, and a relative minimum attenuation can be highlighted at 250 Hz and the attenuation caused by the latter being always greater than or equal to that caused by the inclined wall at low frequencies between 125 Hz and 250 Hz, the attenuation being on the contrary comparable in the frequency range beyond 250 Hz.
  • FIGS. 2d and 2e show the overall result of the comparative measurements previously described in connection with FIGS. 2b and 2c, these results having been submitted, as regards the measurements as a function of frequency, to a weighted average so as to globalize the attenuation or loss by insertion measured in dBA for a pink noise for which the energy of the noise as a function of the frequency has a substantially uniform distribution, of a noise corresponding to that generated by vehicles on a road then, respectively , a noise corresponding to that generated by a high-speed rail vehicle of the TGV type. It is understood that for the production of the noise diagrams represented in FIGS. 2d and 2e a filtering corresponding by means of suitable filtering templates was used on the aforementioned measurements from the receiver or microphone of reference MR.
  • the attenuation provided by the element with visor, object of the invention and provided with an absorbent coating is much greater than the attenuation caused by the traditional solution or even the use of an element with a visor in the absence of a coating or absorbent coating, while this same attenuation is still greater than that obtained by means of an inclined wall.
  • the visor 2 can be produced by a concrete veil 200 with a thickness of 3 to 4 cm when an absorbent coating, reference 201, is used.
  • the absorbent coating may preferably have a thickness of the order of 5 to 10 cm.
  • the absorbent coating is applied to the concrete veil 200 and the adhesion to the latter and the mechanical cohesion are carried out in accordance with the conventional techniques for using this type of material. These operating conditions are known to those skilled in the art and can reduce to the implementation of conventional type concrete.
  • the visor 2 can be made, as well as the elementary panel l 1 , by a one-piece concrete element having a comparable thickness of the order of 11 to 15 cm for example.
  • the angle ⁇ between the plane of the panel proper and of the part of the elementary panel l 1 constituting the latter and the visor 2, can take the values previously indicated in the description, this depending on the desired applications. The same applies to the projected height of the visor h.
  • the visor has an edge or border having in a cross section plane of the panel and the visor 2 a continuous curvature.
  • the border is denoted 203 in FIG. 3. It is indicated that the border constitutes either a leading edge for the sound energy in direct vision and propagating substantially according to a spherical wave in the plane of FIG. 3, or all less cylindrical when the rail vehicle consists of a train of very long length compared to the length of the noise protection element object of the present invention, and a trailing edge vis-à-vis the sound energy propagating by reverberation and diffraction by the panel 1 proper and in particular by the network that the latter comprises.
  • the leading or trailing edge is straight and parallel to the plane of the panel 1. It will however be noted that this embodiment, although satisfactory, does not allow treatment substantially similar, depending on the frequency, of the sound energy received in direct or reverberated vision during the diffraction phenomenon, due to the corresponding discontinuity on the upper edge of the border.
  • the border forming the leading edge, respectively the trailing edge has a continuously varying radius of curvature in the cross section plane of the panel and of the visor.
  • This radius of curvature has its minimum values at the distal end of the visor, as shown in solid lines in FIG. 3. It will be noted that the lower edge of the border can then however be parallel to the plane of the panel 1.
  • the shape of the border thus represented in solid lines in FIG. 3 ensures a more uniform treatment of the phenomenon of diffraction of sound energy as a function of frequency.
  • FIGS. 4a and 4b An example of a particularly advantageous use of the noise protection element which is the subject of the present invention will be given in connection with FIGS. 4a and 4b.
  • the element according to the invention can be used in order to reduce the noise generated by a traffic lane, a plurality of elements, as shown in FIG. 4a, being mounted contiguously on at least one of the sides of the traffic way. In such a case, the leading edge or border of the visor 2 is directed towards the axis of the taxiway.
  • Figure 4a there is shown the use of a protective element according to the object of the present invention in the vicinity of a railroad allowing the movement of a high speed train for example.
  • the anti-noise element in accordance with the object of the present invention and the anti-noise wall thus formed are placed relative to the nearest noise-generating rail, so that the line joining the base of the visor 2 in direct vision and the top of the rail and the horizontal, at this top, constitute an angle of the order of 30 °. It has indeed been observed during experiments carried out on site that the maximum sound energy and therefore noise generated by such a vehicle is obtained for an angle 30 ° from the horizontal. It is of course understood under these conditions that the height parameters H of the panel 1, then h of the projected height of the visor, are then deduced according to the possibilities of implantation of the noise barrier and of each element constituting the latter.
  • FIG. 4b shows a similar application in the case of two traffic lanes in opposite directions V1 and V2. It is clearly understood that the use of two constituent elements of noise barriers, in accordance with the object of the present invention, placed symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the channel, allows an optimum result to be obtained. , the dimension parameters of each element in this case can be optimized with respect to the nearest rail, and / or with respect to the central axis of the channel.
  • each panel has a height xa with x of between 2.5 and 4, 2.5 ⁇ x ⁇ 4.
  • the panels are mounted facing each other. opposite at a distance ya, with including between 3 and 6, 3 ⁇ y ⁇ 6. symmetrically to the axis of the track or to the central axis involved.
  • the visors 2 are oriented towards the central axis of the track or towards the central axis involved.
  • the noise protection elements constituting the noise barrier object of the present invention can be mounted in a modular manner as described above in the description, depending on the application considered, a basic elementary panel being fixed in a solid concrete comprising a barbican.
  • the use of the noise protection element object of the present invention is not limited to protection against noise generated by rail vehicles traveling at high speed but can also be considered in the case of tracks road or highway for which the above parameters can be adapted according to the corresponding geometric dimensions, each lane being replaced by an average traffic lane on each roadway.
  • the most effective solution in terms of overall loss by insertion is the element comprising a visor provided with an absorbent coating, the gain compared to the traditional solution being of the order 1.5 dBA in the case of road noise, and of the order of 2.0 dBA in the case of railway noise caused by a high-speed train.
  • the solution consisting of a visor element in the absence of an absorbent coating can also be used in the case of protection against noise of railway origin.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Abschirmelement gegen den Lärm von Schallwellen, bestimmt zum Zusammenbau zu einer Schallabschirmwand, wobei das Element eine Platte (1) umfaßt, die genau eben ist und eine vorbestimmten Höhe (H) aufweist, sowie eine Abdeckung (2), die aus einer genau ebenen Leiste besteht und an einem Ende der Platte angebracht ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ebene, in der die Abdeckung liegt, gegenüber der Ebene, in der die Platte liegt, um einen Winkel α von zwischen 7° und 55° geneigt ist, und daß die Abdeckung eine Umrandung (203) aufweist, die für die Schallwellen einen Angriffs- bzw. Abfließrand bildet, wobei diese Umrandung in einer Querschnittdarstellung der Platte und der Abdeckung eine durchgängige Krümmung aufweist.
  2. Element nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die die Abdeckung (2) formende Leiste eine solche Schrägabmessungen aufweist, daß diese Abmessung (h) zwischen 10/100 und 30/100 der Höhe der Platte beträgt, wenn sie in die Ebene der Platte übertragen wird.
  3. Element nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abdeckung (2) an einem der Ränder der Platte (1) angebracht ist.
  4. Element nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abdeckung (2) und die Platte (1) jeweils einstückig ausgebildet und aus demselben Material hergestellt sind.
  5. Element nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Angriffsrand geradlinig und parallel zur Ebene der Platte verläuft.
  6. Element nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Angriffsrand in der Querschnittdarstellung der Platte und der Abdeckung einen ständig variierenden Krümmungsradius aufweist, wobei dieser Krümmungsradius seine kleinsten Werte am entfernten Ende der Abdeckung besitzt.
  7. Element nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platte (1) und die Abdeckung (2) eine Schallenergie absorbierende Verkleidung tragen.
  8. Element nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die die Schallenergie absorbierende Verkleidung aus einer Absorbierschicht besteht.
  9. Element nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Absorbierschicht mit Rillen (100) versehen ist, die senkrecht in der Platte verlaufen, wobei die Rillen, die eine Abfolge von einander abwechselnden Vertiefungen und Absätzen darstellen, bei einem Abstand e der Längs-Symmetrieebene zweier aufeinanderfolgender Absätze eine Tiefe p der Absätze aufweisen, wobei das Verhältnis p/e = ρ ist, so daß für eine maximale Geräuschdämpfung bei einer Frequenzbandbreite des Schalls zwischen 100 Hz und 5.000 Hz gilt: 0,76 ≤ ρ ≤ 0,85 .
  10. Verwendung eines Elements zur Abschirmung gegen Lärm nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Reduzierung des auf einer Verkehrsstrecke verursachten Lärms eine Vielzahl von Elementen derart auf wenigstens einer Seite der Verkehrsstrecke zusammengebaut und aufgestellt wird, daß der Angriffsrand der Abdeckung zur Achse der Verkehrsstrecke ausgerichtet ist.
  11. Verwendung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für eine Verkehrsstrecke, die aus einer Bahnlinie mit einer Spurweite a besteht, jede Platte eine Höhe x.a aufweist, wobei 2,5 ≤ x ≤ 4 gilt, und die Platten einander gegenüberliegend mit einem Abstand y.a symmetrisch zur Achse der Verkehrsstrecke angebracht werden, wobei 3 ≤ y ≤ 6 beträgt und die Abdeckungen zur Mittelachse der Verkehrsstrecke ausgerichtet sind.
EP93924098A 1992-10-21 1993-10-20 Schallabschirmwand und deren verwendung Expired - Lifetime EP0618987B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9212593A FR2697040B1 (fr) 1992-10-21 1992-10-21 Elément de protection contre le bruit et son utilisation.
FR9212593 1992-10-21
PCT/FR1993/001031 WO1994009211A1 (fr) 1992-10-21 1993-10-20 Element de protection contre le bruit et son utilisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0618987A1 EP0618987A1 (de) 1994-10-12
EP0618987B1 true EP0618987B1 (de) 1996-12-04

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EP93924098A Expired - Lifetime EP0618987B1 (de) 1992-10-21 1993-10-20 Schallabschirmwand und deren verwendung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0618987B1 (de)
KR (1) KR940703960A (de)
CA (1) CA2125981A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69306377T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2095678T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2697040B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1994009211A1 (de)

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RU198865U1 (ru) * 2019-12-17 2020-07-30 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение образования "Владимирский Государственный Университет имени Александра Григорьевича и Николая Григорьевича Столетовых" (ВлГУ) Шумозащитный экран для исследования эффективности шумозащитных средств

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DE69306377T2 (de) 1997-04-03
CA2125981A1 (en) 1994-04-28
FR2697040A1 (fr) 1994-04-22
EP0618987A1 (de) 1994-10-12
WO1994009211A1 (fr) 1994-04-28
KR940703960A (ko) 1994-12-12
DE69306377D1 (de) 1997-01-16
ES2095678T3 (es) 1997-02-16
FR2697040B1 (fr) 1994-12-30

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