EP0614440A1 - Container. - Google Patents

Container.

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Publication number
EP0614440A1
EP0614440A1 EP92922577A EP92922577A EP0614440A1 EP 0614440 A1 EP0614440 A1 EP 0614440A1 EP 92922577 A EP92922577 A EP 92922577A EP 92922577 A EP92922577 A EP 92922577A EP 0614440 A1 EP0614440 A1 EP 0614440A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container
container according
fiber
housing
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92922577A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0614440B1 (en
Inventor
Guenter Poeschel
Christine Poschner
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0614440A1 publication Critical patent/EP0614440A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0614440B1 publication Critical patent/EP0614440B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/022—Laminated structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to containers for transporting goods or equipment, including people and animals, according to the preamble of protection claim 1.
  • ISO 1496 standardized containers are usually used to transport goods by sea, air or land.
  • the correspondingly standardized containers are used on container ships, on the corresponding rail wagons, on trucks and in airplanes.
  • the use of these conventional containers is preferred, since in this way the transport container is independent of the means of transport.
  • the cargo can therefore remain in the same transport container, even if the means of transport changes.
  • Through the worldwide use of the standardized container it is possible without any problems. to change the means of transport. For example, it is customary worldwide to load containers that have landed on the ship, for further transport on the train or on trucks.
  • the usual containers are usually made of metal, wood or plastic or combinations of these materials.
  • Containers manufactured in metal construction are assembled from metal sheets in welding or riveting technology in a supporting frame in such a way that the desired cuboid shape results. Furthermore, additional profiles are attached to stiffen the cuboid shape.
  • corner elements In the eight corners of the container are corner elements or connection elements (corner fittings), on which the container can be hung for loading, the corner elements also serving for the internationally standardized fastening of the container on the means of transport or the connection with other containers. Furthermore, the corner elements serve as standing areas for the parked container.
  • the empty weight of the usual "20-foot" container is approximately 2.5 T, so that there is a high energy requirement in particular when transported by train or ship, in which a large number of such containers are transported simultaneously. This results in high transport costs, just for the transport of the empty transport container.
  • insulating containers which are constructed from a metal frame and are provided with a covering made of wood or metal, the interior being equipped with thermal insulation.
  • These insulated containers have the disadvantage that devices which are used, for example, to fasten the goods to be transported are connected to the metal frame. In this way there are thermal bridges that cause an undesirable transfer of heat.
  • EP 0 349 667 discloses a box body for commercial vehicles for the transport of perishable goods.
  • the box structure described consists of individual plates made in sandwich construction. This structure has the disadvantage that, as in the known metal container, joints are provided. Furthermore, the box structure described is only intended for mounting on a truck chassis.
  • the container consists of a housing which is produced in a self-supporting fiber sandwich structure using fiber-reinforced plastic, the fiber sandwich structure consisting of at least a first and a second fiber layer which are separated by a spacer-supporting layer.
  • the support layer is connected to the surface of the two fiber layers.
  • the housing has coverable main openings through which the container interior is accessible.
  • the self-supporting fiber sandwich structure ensures that the dynamic load capacity of the fiber-reinforced plastic container or LC container is above the maximum load capacity of a conventional container.
  • corner elements are provided which serve both to connect a container to another container and to fasten the LC container on the means of transport. Furthermore, the corner elements are also used for loading the holding elements of the loading crane in the FK container.
  • holding devices and / or receiving devices according to claims 3 to 5 can be formed simultaneously with the container housing or integrated as prefabricated elements in the manufacture of the container housing.
  • the holding devices can be used, for example, for fastening the goods to be transported or also for living and Serve office facilities in the FK container. Furthermore, hinges for attaching the doors can also be provided as holding devices.
  • the holding devices can be attached at any point, which means that the LC container can be equipped as required in accordance with special requirements.
  • Main openings or additional openings of the container housing can be covered according to claims 6 to 12 with doors or locking devices which can be produced from the same material as the container housing in a corresponding fiber sandwich construction.
  • the locking mechanism of the doors can be arranged according to claim 7 within the fiber sandwich structure, whereby the locking mechanism is protected from dirt, icing and damage.
  • the LC container top layer is provided.
  • the outer cover layer protects it against environmental influences; the inner cover layer protects it against damage from the transport goods, the inner cover layer being neutral towards the transport goods.
  • the material used has heat-insulating properties, so that the LC container according to claims 13 to 16 is suitable as an insulating container.
  • the FK container can therefore be used as an insulating and living container without additional heat or cold insulation measures. Furthermore, it is possible to integrate all the necessary devices that are necessary to ensure the environmental condition intended for the goods to be transported, already during manufacture, without reducing the stability or the resilience of the container housing. These devices can be used to change the temperature, pressure and also the atmospheric composition of the interior.
  • the construction method described enables the FK container described to be manufactured with high accuracy, it can also be sealed tightly (i.e. gas, water and dust tight) with simple means.
  • the holding devices made of fiber-reinforced plastic do not form any heat-conducting connections to the surroundings.
  • the attachment of metallic additional devices can also be carried out in the fiber sandwich structure in such a way that the formation of heat-conducting connections to the surroundings is avoided.
  • the FK container described consists of a self-supporting structure, it is possible according to claims 17 and 18 to mount movement elements on the corner elements without additional structural measures, such movement elements consisting, for example, of wheel sets.
  • the LC container can, for example, be attached to a tractor on road or rail and transported. After transportation, the wheel sets can then be stored on the tractor and removed for further use. This results in an increased flexibility in the usability of the self-supporting container made in FK sandwich construction.
  • Fig. 1 a FK container
  • Fig. 2 shows the fiber sandwich structure of a LC container.
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic shape of the LC container.
  • This consists of a cuboid container housing 1, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of a container manufactured, for example, according to ISO standard 1469.
  • the FK container is designed in one piece as a self-supporting construction.
  • the walls 2 forming the cuboid are produced as a sandwich shell, with the preferred use of glass fiber-reinforced resin.
  • Main openings 3 are formed on the end faces of the LC container, through which the interior of the LC container is accessible. These openings can be closed by means of doors 4. These doors 4 are usually made of the same material as the container housing 1 and are flush with the container housing 1.
  • Such a LC container can have about half the weight of a conventional metal container.
  • the fiber sandwich shell is composed of a maximum of five layers.
  • the outer Layer is formed by a first cover layer 11, followed by a first fiber layer 12, which is separated from a second fiber layer 14 by means of a support layer 13.
  • a second cover layer 15 is applied to the "inside" side of the second fiber layer 14.
  • the first cover layer 11 serves to protect the first fiber layer 12 against environmental influences, in particular against erosion, which would be caused by the fact that the first fiber layer 12 is exposed to the sun for a longer period of time or to direct contact with water.
  • the second cover layer 15 protects the second fiber layer 14 from damage that can result from direct contact with the goods to be transported.
  • the fiber layers 12 and 14 are made of wet, resin-impregnated fiber fabric, the fiber fabric being laid both along the direction of stress and transversely to the direction of stress. Because it is possible to bond fiber layers intimately to one another during processing, it is possible for the container housing 1 to be in one piece, i.e. without creating seams. Applying the fibers in two different directions of propagation ensures that crack formation is blocked. At the same time, the structure described ensures that the container housing absorbs a large area of force, the distance-retaining support layer 13 leading to a suitable force distribution between the first and second fabric layers.
  • the cuboidal LC container described is produced in such a way that the individual layers are built up one after the other in or on a mold.
  • the spacer-supporting layer 13 is preferably hard foam, which is either placed in the form of a finished plate between the first and the second fiber layer or is foamed directly between the two fiber layers. Once all layers have been applied, curing takes place using pressure and temperature.
  • the corner elements 5, which are provided for a standardized fastening of the LC container on the means of transport, can thus be fitted into the fiber sandwich structure during manufacture. that the self-supporting structure remains unaffected.
  • the doors 4 customary for such a LC container can be produced accordingly from the same materials with an identical layer sequence.
  • All other devices such as holding devices, door hinges 6 or door seals 7, can also be molded directly from LC material in the manufacture of the container housing 1 or the doors 4.
  • the use of appropriate prefabricated elements which are inserted into the container housing 1 or into the doors 4 for integration during manufacture ensures that the resistant, one-piece, self-supporting structure is maintained.
  • the LC container is excellently suited as an insulating container.
  • the stable structure of the FK container offers the possibility of mounting movement elements on the corner elements 5, for which wheel sets are suitable, for example.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Devices For Use In Laboratory Experiments (AREA)
  • Thermally Insulated Containers For Foods (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Self-supporting, closed box body superstructures or containers composed of individual walls made of an insulating, sandwich material, with no thermal bridges, with or without cooling units, for the transport of goods on trucks, are known. The individual prefabricated walls are glued together at their corners with inner and outer angles that increase their stability. A self-supporting, closed container made of fiber-reinforced plastics as an insulating, sandwich construction with no thermal bridges is made of a single piece. Its bottom, top and walls (2) are not individually prefabricated. The type of the supporting fibres, their number and their orientation are graded in the whole sandwich structure according to stress conditions. The container is automotive when provided with corresponding units, with or without cooling units.

Description

Container  Container
Die Erfindung betrifft Container zum Transportieren von Waren oder Einrichtungen, auch Personen und Tieren gemäß oberbegriff des Schutzanspruchs 1. The invention relates to containers for transporting goods or equipment, including people and animals, according to the preamble of protection claim 1.
Üblicherweise werden international beispielsweise nach ISO 1496 genormte Container zum Transportieren von Waren auf dem See-, Luft- oder Landweg eingesetzt. Sowohl auf Container-Schiffen, auf entsprechenden Waggons der Bahn, auf Lastkraftwagen und in Flugzeugen werden dabei die entsprechend genormten Container verwendet. Die Verwendung dieser üblichen Container wird bevorzugt, da auf diese Weise der Transportbehälter von dem Transportmittel unabhängig ist. Somit kann das Frachtgut in ein und demselben Transportbehälter verbleiben, auch wenn sich das Transportmittel ändert. Durch die weltweite Verwendung der genormten Container ist es problemlos möglich. das Transportmittel zu wechseln. Beispielsweise ist es weltweit üblich, mit dem Schiff angelandete Container, zum Weitertransport auf die Bahn oder auf Lastkraftwagen zu verladen. Internationally, for example, ISO 1496 standardized containers are usually used to transport goods by sea, air or land. The correspondingly standardized containers are used on container ships, on the corresponding rail wagons, on trucks and in airplanes. The use of these conventional containers is preferred, since in this way the transport container is independent of the means of transport. The cargo can therefore remain in the same transport container, even if the means of transport changes. Through the worldwide use of the standardized container it is possible without any problems. to change the means of transport. For example, it is customary worldwide to load containers that have landed on the ship, for further transport on the train or on trucks.
Die gebräuchlichen Container sind üblicherweise aus Metall, aus Holz oder aus Kunststoff oder aus Kombinationen dieser Materialien gefertigt. The usual containers are usually made of metal, wood or plastic or combinations of these materials.
In Metallbauweise hergestellte Container sind aus Metallblechen in Schweiß- oder Niettechnik in einem Tragrahmen derart zusammengefügt, daß sich die gewünschte Quader-Form ergibt. Weiterhin werden zum Versteifen der Quader-Form zusätzliche Profile angebracht. Containers manufactured in metal construction are assembled from metal sheets in welding or riveting technology in a supporting frame in such a way that the desired cuboid shape results. Furthermore, additional profiles are attached to stiffen the cuboid shape.
Bei der Verwendung anderer Materialien werden entsprechend bekannte Fügetechniken zum Zusammenbau des Containers angewendet. When using other materials, known joining techniques are used to assemble the container.
In den acht Ecken des Containers sind Eckelemente bzw. Verbindungselemente (corner fittings), an denen der Container zum Verladen aufgehängt werden kann, wobei die Eckelemente ebenfalls der international genormten Befestigung des Containers auf dem Transportmittel bzw. der Verbindung mit weiteren Containern dienen. Weiterhin dienen die Eckelemente als Standflächen für den abgestellten Container. In the eight corners of the container are corner elements or connection elements (corner fittings), on which the container can be hung for loading, the corner elements also serving for the internationally standardized fastening of the container on the means of transport or the connection with other containers. Furthermore, the corner elements serve as standing areas for the parked container.
Somit wirken hauptsächlich über die Eckelemente Kräfte auf den Container ein. Da in den Ecken üblicherweise die Fügestellen enden, die sich in der zuvor beschriebenen Weise beim Zusammenbau des Containers ergeben, werden die dem Container zugeführten Kräfte zum Großteil auf die Fügestellen weitergeleitet. Da die Fügestellen gegenüber dem verwendeten Material eine verminderte Festigkeit aufwei sen, bilden sie Schwachstellen des Containers. Somit ergeben sich insbesondere an den Fügestellen, auf Grund von Materialermüdungen, Rißbildungen, die zum Aufbrechen der Fügestellen führen. Forces act on the container mainly through the corner elements. Since the corners usually end in the corners, which result in the manner described above when assembling the container, the forces supplied to the container are largely passed on to the joints. Since the joints have a reduced strength compared to the material used they form weak points in the container. This results in cracks in particular at the joints, due to material fatigue, which lead to the joints being broken open.
Das Leergewicht des üblichen "20-Fuß"-Containers beträgt ca. 2,5 T, so daß sich insbesondere bei dem Transport mit der Bahn oder dem Schiff, bei dem jeweils eine Vielzahl solcher Container gleichzeitig befördert werden, ein hoher Energiebedarf ergibt. Daraus folgen hohe Transportkosten, allein für den Transport des leeren Transportbehälters. The empty weight of the usual "20-foot" container is approximately 2.5 T, so that there is a high energy requirement in particular when transported by train or ship, in which a large number of such containers are transported simultaneously. This results in high transport costs, just for the transport of the empty transport container.
Weiterhin ist der Aufbau von Isoliercontainern bekannt, die aus einem Metallrahmen aufgebaut sind und mit einer Verkleidung aus Holz oder Metall versehen sind, wobei der Innenraum mit einer Wärmedämmung ausgestattet ist. Diese Isoliercontainer weisen den Nachteil auf, daß Vorrichtungen, die beispielsweise zum Befestigen der zu transportierenden Waren dienen, mit dem Metallrahmen verbunden sind. Auf diese Weise ergeben sich Wärmebrücken, die ein unerwünschtes Weiterleiten von Wärme verursachen. Furthermore, the construction of insulating containers is known, which are constructed from a metal frame and are provided with a covering made of wood or metal, the interior being equipped with thermal insulation. These insulated containers have the disadvantage that devices which are used, for example, to fasten the goods to be transported are connected to the metal frame. In this way there are thermal bridges that cause an undesirable transfer of heat.
Aus der EP 0 349 667 ist ein Kastenaufbau für Nutzfahreuge zum Transport von verderblichen Waren bekannt. Der beschriebene Kastenaufbau besteht aus einzelnen in Sandwich-Bauweise hergestellten Platten. Dieser Aufbau weist den Nachteil auf, daß wie bei dem bekannten Metall- Container, Fügestellen vorgesehen sind. Weiterhin ist der beschriebene Kastenaufbau nur zur Montage auf einem LKW- Chassis vorgesehen. EP 0 349 667 discloses a box body for commercial vehicles for the transport of perishable goods. The box structure described consists of individual plates made in sandwich construction. This structure has the disadvantage that, as in the known metal container, joints are provided. Furthermore, the box structure described is only intended for mounting on a truck chassis.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgemä-ßen Container derart weiterzubilden, daß das Eigengewicht verringert und gleichzeitig die Festigkeit erhöht wird. Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Mitteln des des Schutzanspruchs 1 gelöst. Erfindungsgemäß besteht der Container aus einem Gehäuse, das in einem selbstragenden Faser-Sandwich-Aufbau unter Verwendung von faserverstärktem Kunststoff hergestellt ist, wobei der Faser-Sandwich-Aufbau aus zumindest einer ersten und einer zweiten Faserschicht besteht, die von einer distanzhaltenden Stützschicht getrennt sind. Die Stützschicht ist mit den beiden Faser-Schichten flächig verbunden. Das Gehäuse weist abdeckbare Haupt-Öffnungen auf, durch die der Containerinnenraum zugänglich ist. The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a generic container in such a way that the dead weight is reduced and at the same time the strength is increased. This object is achieved by means of the protection claim 1. According to the invention, the container consists of a housing which is produced in a self-supporting fiber sandwich structure using fiber-reinforced plastic, the fiber sandwich structure consisting of at least a first and a second fiber layer which are separated by a spacer-supporting layer. The support layer is connected to the surface of the two fiber layers. The housing has coverable main openings through which the container interior is accessible.
Durch den selbsttragenden Faser-Sandwich-Aufbau ist gewährleistet, daß die dynamische Belastbarkeit des faserverstärkten Kunstoff-Containers bzw. FK-Containers über der maximalen Belastbarkeit eines üblichen Containers liegt. The self-supporting fiber sandwich structure ensures that the dynamic load capacity of the fiber-reinforced plastic container or LC container is above the maximum load capacity of a conventional container.
Gemäß Anspruch 2 sind Eckelemente vorgesehen, die sowohl dem Verbinden eines Containers mit einem anderen Container, als auch dem Befestigen des FK-Containers auf dem Transportmittel dienen. Desweiteren werden auch bei dem FK-Container die Eckelemehte bei der Verladung zum Ansetzen der Halteelemente des Verladekranes benutzt. According to claim 2, corner elements are provided which serve both to connect a container to another container and to fasten the LC container on the means of transport. Furthermore, the corner elements are also used for loading the holding elements of the loading crane in the FK container.
Weiterhin können Haltevorrichtungen und / oder Aufnahmevorrichtungen gemäß den Ansprüchen 3 bis 5 gleichzeitig mit dem Container-Gehäuse ausgebildet oder als vorgefertigte Elemente bei der Herstellung des Container-Gehäuses mit integriert werden. Furthermore, holding devices and / or receiving devices according to claims 3 to 5 can be formed simultaneously with the container housing or integrated as prefabricated elements in the manufacture of the container housing.
Die Haltevorrichtungen können beispielsweise zum Befestigen des Transportgutes oder auch von Wohn- und Büroeinrichtungen im FK-Container dienen. Weiterhin können als Haltevorrichtungen auch Scharniere zum Anbringen der Türen vorgesehen sein. The holding devices can be used, for example, for fastening the goods to be transported or also for living and Serve office facilities in the FK container. Furthermore, hinges for attaching the doors can also be provided as holding devices.
Die Haltevorrichtungen sind an jeder beliebigen Stelle anbringbar, wodurch sich der FK-Container gemäß speziellen Anforderungen beliebig ausstatten läßt. The holding devices can be attached at any point, which means that the LC container can be equipped as required in accordance with special requirements.
Haupt-Öffnungen bzw. Zusatz-Öffnungen des Container-Gehäuses sind gemäß der Ansprüche 6 bis 12 mit Türen bzw. Verschlußvorrichtungen abdeckbar, die aus dem gleichen Material wie das Container-Gehäuse in entsprechendem FaserSandwich-Aufbau herstellbar sind. Main openings or additional openings of the container housing can be covered according to claims 6 to 12 with doors or locking devices which can be produced from the same material as the container housing in a corresponding fiber sandwich construction.
Der Verriegelungsmechanismus der Türen kann gemäß Anspruch 7 innerhalb der Faser-Sandwich-Struktur angeordnet werden, wodurch der Verriegelungsmechanismus vor Verschmutzung, Vereisung und Beschädigungen geschützt ist. The locking mechanism of the doors can be arranged according to claim 7 within the fiber sandwich structure, whereby the locking mechanism is protected from dirt, icing and damage.
Gemäß Anspruch 12 ist der FK-Container Deck-Schicht versehen. Die äußere Deckschicht schützt ihn gegen Umwelteinflüsse; die innere Deck-Schicht schützt ihn gegen Beschädigungen durch das Transportgut, wobei die innere Deck-Schicht sich gegenüber dem Transportgut neutral verhält. According to claim 12, the LC container top layer is provided. The outer cover layer protects it against environmental influences; the inner cover layer protects it against damage from the transport goods, the inner cover layer being neutral towards the transport goods.
Weiterhin weist das verwendete Material wärmeisolierende Eigenschaften auf, wodurch der FK-Container gemäß der Ansprüche 13 bis 16 als Isoliercontainer geeignet ist. Furthermore, the material used has heat-insulating properties, so that the LC container according to claims 13 to 16 is suitable as an insulating container.
Die Verwendung des FK-Containers als Isolier-und Wohncontainer kann somit ohne zusätzliche wärme- bzw. kältedämmende Maßnahmen erfolgen. Weiterhin ist es möglich, alle erforderlichen Einrichtungen, die zur Gewährleistung des für das zu tran- portierende Gut vorgesehenen Umgebungszustandes notwendig sind, bereits bei der Herstellung einzubinden, ohne dabei die Stabilität bzw. die Belastbarkeit des Container-Gehäuses zu vermindern. Mittels dieser Einrichtungen kann die Temperatur, der Druck und auch die atmosphärische Zusammensetzung des Innenraumes verändert werden. The FK container can therefore be used as an insulating and living container without additional heat or cold insulation measures. Furthermore, it is possible to integrate all the necessary devices that are necessary to ensure the environmental condition intended for the goods to be transported, already during manufacture, without reducing the stability or the resilience of the container housing. These devices can be used to change the temperature, pressure and also the atmospheric composition of the interior.
Da die beschriebene Aufbauweise es ermöglicht den beschriebenen FK-Container mit hoher Genauigkeit zu fertigen, ist er mit einfachen Mitteln auch dicht (d.h. gas-, wasser- und staubdicht) verschließbar. Since the construction method described enables the FK container described to be manufactured with high accuracy, it can also be sealed tightly (i.e. gas, water and dust tight) with simple means.
Die aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff ausgebildeten Haltevorrichtungen bilden keine wärmeleitenden Verbindungen zur Umgebung. Auch das Anbringen von metallischen Zusatzvorrichtungen läßt sich in der Faser-Sandwich-Struktur derart durchführen, daß das Entstehen von wärmeleitenden Verbindungen zur Umgebung vermieden wird. The holding devices made of fiber-reinforced plastic do not form any heat-conducting connections to the surroundings. The attachment of metallic additional devices can also be carried out in the fiber sandwich structure in such a way that the formation of heat-conducting connections to the surroundings is avoided.
Somit ist ein wirtschaftlicher Einsatz des FK-Containers als Isoliercontainer, auch bei gegenüber der Containerumgebung geänderter Atmosphäre, gewährleistet. This ensures economical use of the FK container as an insulated container, even when the atmosphere has changed compared to the container environment.
Da der beschriebene FK-Container aus einem selbsttragenden Aufbau besteht, ist es gemäß der Ansprüche 17 und 18 möglich ohne zusätzliche konstruktive Maßnahmen Bewegungselemente an den Eckelementen zu montieren, wobei solche Bewegungselemente beispielsweise aus Radsätzen bestehen. Since the FK container described consists of a self-supporting structure, it is possible according to claims 17 and 18 to mount movement elements on the corner elements without additional structural measures, such movement elements consisting, for example, of wheel sets.
Mittels solcher Radsätze kann der FK-Container beispielsweise an eine Zugmaschine auf Straße oder Schiene angehängt und transportiert werden. Nach dem Transport können dann die Radsätze auf der Zugmaschine gelagert und zur weiteren Verwendung abtransportiert werden. Es ergibt sich hieraus eine in erhöhtem Maße flexibel ge staltbare Einsatzfähigkeit des selbsttragenden in FK-Sand- wich-Bauweise hergestellten Containers. Using such wheel sets, the LC container can, for example, be attached to a tractor on road or rail and transported. After transportation, the wheel sets can then be stored on the tractor and removed for further use. This results in an increased flexibility in the usability of the self-supporting container made in FK sandwich construction.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnung näher beschrieben. The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Fig. 1 einen FK-Container und Fig. 1 a FK container and
Fig. 2 den Faser-Sandwich-Aufbau eines FK-Containers.  Fig. 2 shows the fiber sandwich structure of a LC container.
Fig. 1 zeigt die Grundform des FK-Containers. Dieser besteht aus einem quaderförmigen Container-Gehäuse 1, dessen Abmessungen mit den Abmessungen eines beispielsweise nach ISO-Norm 1469 gefertigten Containers übereinstimmen. Der FK-Container ist als freitragende Konstruktion einstückig ausgebildet. Hierbei sind die den Quader bildenden Wände 2 als Sandwich-Schale, unter der vorzugsweisen Verwendung von glasfaserverstärktem Harz, hergestellt. Fig. 1 shows the basic shape of the LC container. This consists of a cuboid container housing 1, the dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of a container manufactured, for example, according to ISO standard 1469. The FK container is designed in one piece as a self-supporting construction. Here, the walls 2 forming the cuboid are produced as a sandwich shell, with the preferred use of glass fiber-reinforced resin.
An den Stirnseiten des FK-Containers sind Haupt-Öffnungen 3 ausgebildet, durch die der Innenraum des FK-Containers zugänglich ist. Diese Öffnungen sind mittels Türen 4 verschließbar. Diese Türen 4 sind in der Regel aus dem selben Material hergestellt wie das Container-Gehäuse 1 und schließen bündig mit dem Container-Gehäuse 1 ab. Main openings 3 are formed on the end faces of the LC container, through which the interior of the LC container is accessible. These openings can be closed by means of doors 4. These doors 4 are usually made of the same material as the container housing 1 and are flush with the container housing 1.
Ein derartiger FK-Container kann etwa die Hälfe des Gewichtes eines üblichen Metall-Containers aufweisen. Such a LC container can have about half the weight of a conventional metal container.
Wie in Fig.2 dargestellt, setzt sich die Faser-Sandwich- Schale aus maximal fünf Schichten zusammen. Die äußere Schicht ist durch eine erste Deck-Schictit 11 gebildet, danach folgt eine erste Faser-Schicht 12, die mittels einer Stützschicht 13 von einer zweiten Faser-Schicht 14 getrennt ist. Auf der innen liegenden" Seite der zweiten Faser-Schicht 14 ist eine zweite Deck-Schicht 15 aufgebracht. As shown in Fig.2, the fiber sandwich shell is composed of a maximum of five layers. The outer Layer is formed by a first cover layer 11, followed by a first fiber layer 12, which is separated from a second fiber layer 14 by means of a support layer 13. A second cover layer 15 is applied to the "inside" side of the second fiber layer 14.
Die erste Deck-Schicht 11 dient dem Schutz der ersten Faser-Schicht 12 gegen Umwelteinflüße, insbesondere gegen Erosion, die dadurch verursacht werden würde, daß die erste Faser-Schicht 12 über einen längeren Zeitraum der Sonnenbestrahlung oder dem direkten Kontakt mit Wasser ausgesetzt ist. Analog schützt die zweite Deck-Schicht 15 die zweite Faser-Schicht 14 vor Beschädigungen, die durch den direkten Kontakt mit dem Transportgut entstehen können. The first cover layer 11 serves to protect the first fiber layer 12 against environmental influences, in particular against erosion, which would be caused by the fact that the first fiber layer 12 is exposed to the sun for a longer period of time or to direct contact with water. Analogously, the second cover layer 15 protects the second fiber layer 14 from damage that can result from direct contact with the goods to be transported.
Die Faser-Schichten 12 und 14 werden aus naßem, mit Harz getränktem Faser-Gewebe hergestellt, wobei das Faser-Gewebe sowohl längs der Beanspruchungs-Richtung, als auch quer zur Beanspruchungs-Richtung gelegt ist. Dadurch daß es möglich ist Faserschichten bei der Verarbeitung miteinander innig zu verbinden, ist es möglich das Container-Gehäuse 1 einstückig, d.h. ohne die Bildung von Nahtstellen herzustellen. Durch das Auftragen der Fasern in zwei unterschiedlichen Ausbreitungsrichtungen ist gewährleistet, daß eine Rißbildung abgesperrt ist. Gleichzeitig ist durch die beschriebene Struktur eine großflächige Kraftaufnahme durch das Container-Gehäuse gewährleistet, wobei die distanzhaltende Stützschicht 13 zu einer geeigneten Kraftverteilung zwischen erster und zweiter Gewebeschicht führt. The fiber layers 12 and 14 are made of wet, resin-impregnated fiber fabric, the fiber fabric being laid both along the direction of stress and transversely to the direction of stress. Because it is possible to bond fiber layers intimately to one another during processing, it is possible for the container housing 1 to be in one piece, i.e. without creating seams. Applying the fibers in two different directions of propagation ensures that crack formation is blocked. At the same time, the structure described ensures that the container housing absorbs a large area of force, the distance-retaining support layer 13 leading to a suitable force distribution between the first and second fabric layers.
Die Herstellung des beschriebenen quaderförmigen FK-Containers erfolgt in der Weise, daß die einzelnen Schichten nacheinander in oder auf einer Form aufgebaut werden. Für die distanzhaltende Stützschicht 13 wird vorzugsweise Hart-Schaum verwendet, der entweder in Form einer fertigen Platte zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Faser-Schicht gelegt wird oder zwischen die beiden Faser-Schichten direkt eingeschäumt wird. Sind alle Schichten aufgetragen, erfolgt ein Aushärten unter der Anwendung von Druck und Temperatur. The cuboidal LC container described is produced in such a way that the individual layers are built up one after the other in or on a mold. For the spacer-supporting layer 13 is preferably hard foam, which is either placed in the form of a finished plate between the first and the second fiber layer or is foamed directly between the two fiber layers. Once all layers have been applied, curing takes place using pressure and temperature.
Die Eckelemente 5, die für eine normgerechte Befestigung des FK-Containers auf dem Transportmittel vorgesehen sind, können bei der Herstellung so in die Faser-Sandwich-Struktur eingepaßt werden,. daß der selbsttragende Aufbau unbeeinflußt bleibt. The corner elements 5, which are provided for a standardized fastening of the LC container on the means of transport, can thus be fitted into the fiber sandwich structure during manufacture. that the self-supporting structure remains unaffected.
Die für einen solchen FK-Container üblichen Türen 4 sind aus den gleichen Materialien mit identischer Schichtenfolge entsprechend herstellbar. The doors 4 customary for such a LC container can be produced accordingly from the same materials with an identical layer sequence.
Auch alle weiteren Vorrichtungen, wie Haltevorrichtungen, Türscharniere 6 oder Türdichtungen 7 können direkt aus FK- Material bei der Herstellung des Container-Gehäuses 1 bzw. der Türen 4 ausgeformt werden. Auch durch die Verwendung entsprechender vorgefertigter Elemente, die zur Integration bei der Herstellung in das Container-Gehäuse 1 bzw. in die Türen 4 eingefügt werden, ist der Erhalt des wiederstandsfähigen einstückigen selbsttragenden Aufbaus gewährleistet. All other devices, such as holding devices, door hinges 6 or door seals 7, can also be molded directly from LC material in the manufacture of the container housing 1 or the doors 4. The use of appropriate prefabricated elements which are inserted into the container housing 1 or into the doors 4 for integration during manufacture ensures that the resistant, one-piece, self-supporting structure is maintained.
Durch die beschriebene Faser-Sandwich-Struktur ist der FK- Container in hervorragender Weise als Isoliercontainer geeignet. Due to the fiber sandwich structure described, the LC container is excellently suited as an insulating container.
Dies wird dadurch unterstützt, daß zusätzlich vorgesehene Vorrichtungen so ausgebildet werden, daß die Bildung von Kältebrücken verhindert ist. Weiterhin bietet der stabile Aufbau des FK-Containers die Möglichkeit Bewegungselemente an die Eckelemente 5 zu montieren, wozu beispielsweise Radsätze geeignet sind. This is supported by the fact that additionally provided devices are designed so that the formation of cold bridges is prevented. Furthermore, the stable structure of the FK container offers the possibility of mounting movement elements on the corner elements 5, for which wheel sets are suitable, for example.

Claims

Schutzansprüche Protection claims
1. Container zum Transport von Waren oder Einrichtungen, auch Personen und Tieren, bestehend aus einem Container- Gehäuse (1) mit nn den Stirnseiten des Container-Gehäuses befindlichen nbdeckbaren Haupt-Öffnungen (3), durch die der lnnenrnum des Container-Gehäuses zugänglich ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, 1. Container for the transport of goods or equipment, including people and animals, consisting of a container housing (1) with nn concealable main openings (3) located on the front sides of the container housing, through which the interior of the container housing is accessible is characterized by
daß das Container-Gehäuse (1) in einem selbstragenden einstückigen Faser-Sandwich-Aufbau unter Verwendung von faserverstärktem Kunststoff gefertiqt ist, wobei der Faser-Sandwich-Aufbau aus zumindest einer ersten und einerzweiten Faser-Schicht (12,14) besteht, die von einer distanzhaltenden Stützschicht (13) getrennt sind. that the container housing (1) is manufactured in a self-supporting one-piece fiber sandwich structure using fiber-reinforced plastic, the fiber sandwich structure consisting of at least a first and a second fiber layer (12, 14), which consists of a distance-maintaining support layer (13) are separated.
2. Container gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an außen liegenden Eckpunkten Eckelomente (5) vorgesehen sind. 2. Container according to claim 1, characterized in that corner elements (5) are provided at outer corner points.
3. Container gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Ilaltevorrichtungen und/oder Aufnahmevorrichtungen an dem Container vorgesehen sind. 3. Container according to claim 2, characterized in that Ilalte devices and / or receiving devices are provided on the container.
4. Container gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Eckelemente (5) und die Haltevorrichtungen mit dem Container-Gehäuse (1) einstückig auszubilden sind. 4. Container according to claim 3, characterized in that the corner elements (5) and the holding devices with the container housing (1) are to be formed in one piece.
5. Container gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß. die Eckelemente (5) und die Haltevorrichtungen als Zusatzelemente am Container-Gehäuse anbringbar sind. 5. Container according to claim 3, characterized in that. the corner elements (5) and the holding devices can be attached to the container housing as additional elements.
6. Container gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Abdecken der Haupt-Öffnungen (3) Türen (4) vorgesehen sind. 6. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that doors (4) are provided for covering the main openings (3).
7. Container gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in die Tür (4) ein Verriegelungsmechanismus innerhalb des Faser-Sandwich-Aufbaus eingepaßt ist. 7. Container according to claim 6, characterized in that in the door (4) a locking mechanism is fitted within the fiber sandwich structure.
8. Container gemäß Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den Türen (4) und dem Container-Gehäuse (1) Dichtungen (7) vorgesehen sind. 8. Container according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that between the doors (4) and the container housing (1) seals (7) are provided.
9. Container gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest eine abdeckbare Zusatzöffnung vorgesehen ist. 9. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one coverable additional opening is provided.
10. Container gemäß Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zum Abdecken der Zusatzöffnung zumindest eine Verschlußvorrichtung vorgesehen ist. 10. Container according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one closure device is provided for covering the additional opening.
11. Container gemäß Anspruch 1C, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Verschlußvorrichtung und dem Container- Gehäuse (1) eine Dichtung vorgesehen ist. 11. Container according to claim 1C, characterized in that a seal is provided between the closure device and the container housing (1).
12. Container gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Faser-Schichten (12, 14) mit Deck-Schichten (11, 15) versehen sind, wobei die innere Deck-Schicht sich neutral gegenüber dem Transportgut verhält. 12. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber layers (12, 14) are provided with cover layers (11, 15), the inner cover layer behaves neutrally towards the goods being transported.
13. Container gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die distanzhaltende Stützschicht (13) wärmeisolierend ist. 13. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer-supporting layer (13) is heat-insulating.
14. Container gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Stützschicht (13) flächig mit der ersten Faser-Schicht (12) und der zweiten Faser- Schicht (14) verklebt ist. 14. Container according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support layer (13) is glued flat to the first fiber layer (12) and the second fiber layer (14).
15. Container gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekenneichnet durch in dem Faser-Sandwich-Aufbau integrierte Einrichtungen zur Gewährleistung des für das zu transportierende Gut vorgesehenen Umgebungszustands. 15. Container according to one of the preceding claims, marked by means integrated in the fiber sandwich structure to ensure the intended environmental condition for the goods to be transported.
16. Container gemäß einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine der Aufnahmevorrichtungen zur Aufnahme eines Aggregates zur aktiven oder passiven Kontrolle der Atmosphäre im Container vorgesehen ist. 16. Container according to one of claims 3 to 15, characterized in that one of the receiving devices is provided for receiving a unit for active or passive control of the atmosphere in the container.
17. Container nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den Eckelementen (5) Bewegungselemente montierbar sind. 17. Container according to one of claims 2 to 16, characterized in that movement elements can be mounted on the corner elements (5).
18. Container nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewegungselemente Radsätze für den gezogenen oder selbstfahrenden Transport auf Straße und/oder Schiene sind. 18. Container according to claim 17, characterized in that the movement elements are wheel sets for the towed or self-propelled transport on road and / or rail.
EP92922577A 1991-12-04 1992-10-27 Container Expired - Lifetime EP0614440B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9115081U DE9115081U1 (en) 1991-12-04 1991-12-04 Container
DE9115081U 1991-12-04
PCT/EP1992/002452 WO1993011060A1 (en) 1991-12-04 1992-10-27 Container

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0614440A1 true EP0614440A1 (en) 1994-09-14
EP0614440B1 EP0614440B1 (en) 1995-08-23

Family

ID=6873917

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92922577A Expired - Lifetime EP0614440B1 (en) 1991-12-04 1992-10-27 Container

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EP (1) EP0614440B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE126775T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2879992A (en)
DE (2) DE9115081U1 (en)
WO (1) WO1993011060A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9115081U1 (en) * 1991-12-04 1992-02-20 Poschner, Christine, 8900 Augsburg Container
DE29911033U1 (en) 1999-06-24 1999-11-18 Dracholin GmbH, 72555 Metzingen container
US7334697B2 (en) * 2004-10-20 2008-02-26 Alkan Shelter, Llc ISO container
DE202007018450U1 (en) 2007-05-02 2008-10-23 Schulz, Ehrenfried Outer packaging for transporting temperature-sensitive goods, preferably baked goods
DE102008047586B4 (en) * 2008-08-12 2011-07-21 Georg Utz Holding Ag transport container
DE202009002015U1 (en) 2009-03-31 2010-08-19 Az1 Containerhandelsgesellschaft Mbh office Trailers
DE102012011187A1 (en) * 2012-06-06 2013-12-12 Rainer Daniel Mobile protective space for accommodation of personnel and materials, has lining that is formed as stack of three different layers, where layers are respectively made of fiber composite material, aromatic polyamide and wooden material

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1281870A (en) * 1960-03-24 1962-01-19 Mickleover Transp Ltd Improvements to <containers> for the transport of goods on vehicles
DE1905951A1 (en) * 1968-05-29 1970-01-15 Litewate Transp Equipment Corp Method and device for compression molding of reinforced plastic objects
GB1250539A (en) * 1969-05-28 1971-10-20
US3854620A (en) * 1971-05-03 1974-12-17 Dana Corp Container
FR2286766A1 (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-04-30 Pikaz Inzenyrsky Podnik Transport container for road and rail vehicles - consists of laminated inner and outer tube separated by insulation material
DE9115081U1 (en) * 1991-12-04 1992-02-20 Poschner, Christine, 8900 Augsburg Container

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO9311060A1 *

Also Published As

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ATE126775T1 (en) 1995-09-15
EP0614440B1 (en) 1995-08-23
DE9115081U1 (en) 1992-02-20
AU2879992A (en) 1993-06-28
WO1993011060A1 (en) 1993-06-10
DE59203406D1 (en) 1995-09-28

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