EP0606576A1 - Islamitischer Kalender - Google Patents

Islamitischer Kalender Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0606576A1
EP0606576A1 EP93119385A EP93119385A EP0606576A1 EP 0606576 A1 EP0606576 A1 EP 0606576A1 EP 93119385 A EP93119385 A EP 93119385A EP 93119385 A EP93119385 A EP 93119385A EP 0606576 A1 EP0606576 A1 EP 0606576A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cam
rocker
month
star
years
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93119385A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0606576B1 (de
Inventor
Michel Parmigiani
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP0606576A1 publication Critical patent/EP0606576A1/de
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Publication of EP0606576B1 publication Critical patent/EP0606576B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/24—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars
    • G04B19/243—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator
    • G04B19/247—Clocks or watches with date or week-day indicators, i.e. calendar clocks or watches; Clockwork calendars characterised by the shape of the date indicator disc-shaped
    • G04B19/253—Driving or releasing mechanisms
    • G04B19/25333—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement
    • G04B19/25353—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement
    • G04B19/2536—Driving or releasing mechanisms wherein the date indicators are driven or released mechanically by a clockwork movement driven or released stepwise by the clockwork movement automatically corrected at the end of months having less than 31 days

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Muslim mechanical calendar for an analog timepiece. It relates more particularly to a perpetual religious calendar which can equip both the movement of a wristwatch and that of a clock.
  • the mulsumane year is based on the lunar cycle, and it includes around 354 solar days.
  • the year is divided into 12 months of 29 and 30 days, and into 7-day weeks of 24 hours. Odd months have 30 days and even months have 29, which means that the year begins with a month of 30 days and ends with a month of 29 days.
  • the Muslim year lasts a little over 354 days.
  • the last month of certain years in a 30-year correction cycle has 30 days instead of 29.
  • this 30-year cycle there are 19 years of 354 days, called common years, and 11 355-day years, called abundant years. In fact, two 30-year cycles are used, each cycle applying to a specific country or region.
  • CYCLE I 2, 5, 7, 10, 13, 15 , 18, 21, 24, 26 and 29
  • CYCLE II 2, 5, 7, 10, 13, 16 , 18, 21, 24, 26 and 29.
  • the two cycles are distinguished from each other in that in the first the 15th year is an abundant year and the 16th year common, while it is the opposite that takes place in the second.
  • the present invention proposes to describe a Muslim calendar which displays the dates respecting the alternation of the months of 29 and 30 days over a year, and the succession of common years and abundant years over one of the 30-year correction cycles. .
  • the calendar according to the invention will be described in the case where it is part of an analog movement for a wristwatch, mechanical or electronic, but it can of course be advantageously used in any analog timepiece.
  • Reference 1 designates in this figure a pinion secured to the axis of the hours of movement.
  • the pinion meshes with a toothed wheel 2 of the calendar so that it makes a complete revolution every 24 hours in the direction of the arrow 3.
  • the wheel 2 pivots on an axis 4 on which a lug 5 also rotates freely.
  • protruding tongue 6 of the wheel 2 drives the lug 5 when the wheel turns in the direction of the arrow 3, and passes under the lug without driving it when the wheel turns in the opposite direction, during a setting watch time.
  • the lug 5, during part of its rotation comes into contact with a spout 7 secured to a first rocker 8, or main rocker, pivoting around an axis 9 of the movement.
  • the rocker is kept in a rest position, where it comes to bear against a projecting part 10 of a pivoting hammer 11, thanks to a return spring 12.
  • the rocker 8 which is shown in fig. 1 just at the start of its movement, turns in the direction of the arrow 13 while working against the spring 12.
  • a pawl 15 On a pin 14 secured to the rocker 8, pivots, at an angle limited by stops, a pawl 15.
  • the pawl is held by a spring 16 in a position in which it has rotated by the maximum angle in the direction of the arrow 17, and, at one end, it has two spouts referenced respectively 18 and 19.
  • a date star 20 comprising 30 teeth 21 and pivoting on the movement near the pawl 15 on an axis 22, further supports a date indicator which is present under the shape of a disc 23, visible in FIG. 4, bearing the numbers 1 to 30 which appear successively behind a window of a dial not shown.
  • a jumper 24, resting on the teeth 21, positions the star while allowing it to advance in steps of a tooth in the direction given by the arrow 25 to effect a complete revolution in one month.
  • the rocker 8 in its rotation in the direction of the arrow 13 resulting from the action of the lug 5 at the end of a day, brings the beak 18 of the pawl 15 into contact with a tooth 21, to then advance gradually the star 20 with a pitch of a tooth in the direction of the arrow 25 while passing the date to the next day at the same time.
  • the beak 18 then slides on the tooth of the star 20 by rotating the pawl 15, which brings the spout 19 opposite an adjacent tooth. In this position, the spout 19 constitutes a safety stop which prevents the star 20 from turning inadvertently during the pivoting of the rocker during a manual advance.
  • the mechanism which has just been described constitutes a simple calendar, since the months which it displays have all 30 days.
  • the date indicator must be manually advanced by one day. This is obtained in a known manner by pressing on a pusher not shown associated with the hammer 11 already mentioned. In response to this action, the hammer 11 pivots around an axis 26, and its projecting part 10 then moves the rocker 8, in the same way as the lug 5, causing a rotation of one step of the star 20.
  • the day indicator of conventional design, comprises a day disc, not shown, which is integral with a 30 day star pivoting at 31 and comprising 7 teeth.
  • the star 30 is moved with a pitch of a tooth every 24 hours, like the star 20, by a pawl 32 pivoting at a limited angle on an axis 33 fixed on the rocker 8.
  • a jumper 34 angularly positions the 'star 30, while the updating of the indicator can be obtained, independently of the dates, by means of a push-button correction device, not shown.
  • a push-button correction device In a perpetual calendar, however, such a correction device is superfluous, since no time difference occurs between the days and the dates, which it suffices to tune in the factory once and for all.
  • the month indicator for its part, is driven at the end of each month by a lever 40 pivoting on an axis 41 of the movement.
  • One end of the rocker bears, by means of a spring 42, on a cam 43 in the shape of a snail.
  • This cam is integral with the date star 20, and it has a steep flank 44.
  • the rocker 40 and the flank 44 are arranged, relative to each other, so that on the 30th day the rocker pivots suddenly in the direction of arrow 45, its end then passing over the steep side.
  • a ratchet 47 At the other end of the rocker 40 is fixed an axis 46 on which pivots, by an angle limited by stops, a ratchet 47, a spring 48 bringing it into the position where it has rotated by the maximum angle in the direction opposite to the arrow 45.
  • a 49 month star Next to the ratchet 47 is arranged a 49 month star with 12 teeth.
  • the star 49 which pivots on an axis 50 of the movement, is angularly positioned by a jumper 51.
  • the pawl 47 enters contact of the toothing of the star 49 to move it, also instantaneously, by a step of a tooth in the direction of the arrow 52, and cause it to complete a complete revolution in one year.
  • the month indicator is a disc 53, shown in FIG. 4, attached to the star 49 and bearing the 12 months of the year which pass one after the other behind a window of the dial not shown.
  • a hammer 54 controlled by a push-button not shown, enables the month star to be advanced independently of that of the dates.
  • the position of the flank 61 of the cam 60 relative to the teeth 21 of the star 20, the length of the pawl 62, and the pivot angle of the flip-flop 8 are determined so that at the end of the 29th day of a month, when flip-flop 8 begins to turn in the direction of arrow 13, the pawl 62, coming into contact with the flank 61, makes first move star 20 a first step (fig. 2a). Then, the rocker 8 continuing to rotate, the beak 18 of the pawl 15 comes to touch a tooth of the star 20, while the pawl 62 is still in abutment against the flank 61.
  • the spout 18 and the pawl 62 therefore act in the same direction on the star 20 to advance it a second step.
  • the pivoting of the rocker 8 thus caused the rotation of the star 20 by two consecutive steps, making the date from the 29th to the 1st of the following month pass in a short period of time, while the star of the days 30 only advanced by one step through the action of the pawl 32.
  • the flank 61 is beyond the reach of the pawl 62, and it is the beak 18 which leads to a single step the star 20.
  • the date star 20 should only advance two consecutive steps for even months. So that the odd months retain 30 days, a month cam 65, pivoting on the axis 50 and comprising six recesses 66 and six bumps 67, is fixed on the month star 49.
  • a spout 68 which is part of an arm secured to the rocker 8.
  • the pivot angle of the rocker 8 is normal, while this angle is reduced when the spout is on a bump 67.
  • the cam 65 is wedged on the star 49 so that the spout 68 either in a depression 66 at the end of the even months (fig. 2a), so that the date star 20 takes two consecutive steps as has already been described, and on a bump 67 at the end of the odd months (fig. 2b).
  • the reduced pivot angle of the rocker 8, when the beak 68 is on a bump 67, is determined, for its part, so that the pawl 62 and the beak 18 cause the star 20 to advance only with one step , and therefore the calendar from the 30th to the 1st of the following month, this advance corresponding to the second step at the end of the even months.
  • the mechanism described constitutes a semi-perpetual calendar which correctly indicates all the dates, except those corresponding to the end of the 12th month of the abundant years. Indeed, the last month of these years has 30 days, and not 29 like the other even months. It is therefore necessary to add 1 day to the last month of abundant years, that is to say to be able to move back the calendar from the 1st of the new year to 30 of the previous month. In the present mechanism, the hammer 11 with its pusher does not allow this maneuver since only the advancement of the date is possible. To display the exact date until the next abundant year, it is necessary, under these conditions, to manually advance the date, when it displays for example the 2, until the 1st of the next odd first month, ie 2 months.
  • This maneuver constitutes a drawback which the invention makes it possible to alleviate by means of a mechanism having the function of automatically neutralizing, at the end of the abundant years, the action of the mechanism described above and which made it possible to at the end of the even months and by means of the ratchet 62, the passage from the date from the 29th to the 1st of the following month.
  • FIGS. 3a, 3b, 3c represent all the elements of the calendar mechanism according to the invention, and FIGS. 3a, 3b, 3c more particularly the organs, shown at various stages of their movements, which act on the pawl 62 to inhibit its action.
  • the reference 75 designates a cam of the years of circular shape, freely pivoting on the axis 22 and on which is fixed a star 76 having 30 teeth.
  • a jumper 77 pressing against the teeth of the star 76, angularly positions the cam 75 opposite which there is a spout 78 forming part of the end of an inhibition rocker 79 pivoting on an axis 80 of the movement .
  • the cam 75 is rotated, in the direction of the arrow 81 at the rate of 1 turn in 30 years, by a finger 82 performing 1 turn per year and coming into contact with the teeth of 30 teeth of the star 76.
  • the finger 82 is fixed to a toothed wheel 83 engaging a toothed wheel 84, integral with the month star 49 and having the same number of teeth as the wheel 83. Given that the star 49 advances in instantaneous steps, the same is true for cam 75 which thus performs instantaneous jumps of one step of one year.
  • the rocker 79 further comprises an arm 85, at the end of which is fixed a pin 86 which, depending on the position of the rocker, comes into contact with the pawl 62, or on the contrary is distant therefrom. Finally, a return spring 87 exerts a force on the rocker 79 in the direction which tends to bring the spout 78 closer to the cam 75.
  • the cam 75 and the star 76 pivot on the axis 22, an axis which already supports the star 20.
  • the cam 75 and the star 76 would rotate on an axis different from axis 22, the only condition to be observed being that the cam 75 comes into contact with the spout 78 of the rocker 79, the shape of which could be modified accordingly.
  • the finger 82 and the toothed wheel 83 are, for their part, only intermediate transmission members, imposed in this case by the distance of the axes 22 and 50. It is obvious that in a different arrangement, the star 76 could have been driven directly by a finger of the star 49, or from another mobile of the movement and an appropriate gear train.
  • the cam 75 has a contour 90 of variable radius. This outline is representative of the 30-year correction cycle already mentioned, and it is slightly different depending on whether it is cycle I or cycle II. In the present case, to the 11 abundant years correspond in the outline 90 eleven notches 91, and to each common year a projecting part, the set of these projecting parts forming eleven distinct sectors of constant radius referenced 92.
  • the pivoting movements of the lever 79 are controlled by a cam 95 fixed to the month star 49, and by a lever 97 pivoting in its middle around an axis 98.
  • One end 99 of the lever is in contact with the cam 95, the circular outline of which has a notch 96, while the other end 100 of this lever is located opposite another arm 101 of the rocker 79.
  • Fig. 3a represents the position of the organs of the mechanism when the calendar indicates the end of an abundant year.
  • the cams 75 and 95 are set angularly so that the spout 78 enters one of the notches 91, and the end 99 of the lever 97 in the notch 96.
  • the rocker 79 then pivoted by the maximum angle in the direction of the arrow 102, under the action of the spring 87, bringing the end 100 of the lever 97 just in contact with the arm 101, without exerting pressure on the latter.
  • the arm 85 of the rocker 79 occupies, under these conditions, a position such that the pin 86 spreads the end of the pawl 62 of the cam 60 by a sufficient angle so that it cannot act on the steep flank 61.
  • the pawl 62 being thus neutralized at the end of the 12th and last month of an abundant year, the date will display 30, before moving on to the first of the first month of the following year thanks to the action already described of the beak 18 on the '
  • the spout 78 comes to bear against a sector 92 of the cam 75, while the end 99 of the lever 97 is, as before, in the notch 96.
  • the rocker 79 then occupies an angular position in which the end 100 of the lever 97 is moved away from the arm 101, and the pin 86 is no longer in contact with the pawl 62.
  • the pawl not being hampered, it can accomplish its function normally by coming to touch the flank 61 to turn the cam 60 of two consecutive steps in the manner which has already been explained.
  • the spout 78 In the case of a common year, the spout 78 would be opposite one of the sectors 92, but without being in contact with him.
  • the pin 86 being distant from the pawl 62, the latter is therefore able to perform its function, both during common years and in abundant years.
  • Another solution consists in using, in place of the cam from the 75s, a universal cam having a contour which can be modified at will to correspond to one or the other of the correction cycles I and II.
  • An embodiment of such a cam, bearing the reference 105, is shown in plan in FIG. 5.
  • the outline of this cam of circular shape and of the same diameter as the cam 75, comprises ten notches 106, and a double notch 107.
  • the notches 106 are distributed so as to correspond to the ten abundant years 2, 5, 7, 10, 13, 18, 21, 24, 26 and 29 found in the two correction cycles I and II, while notch 107, wider, covers years 15 and 16 of these same cycles, the first year of which is noted 1 and the last 30.
  • the contour of the cam 105 conforms to cycle I, and to cycle II when the finger is positioned on year 15.
  • Fig. 6 also shows the position of the cam 105 in the calendar mechanism, the spout 78 pressing either on the cam or on the finger 108.
  • a date corrector and a month corrector are sufficient to update the calendar, the corrector for days of the week being superfluous in a perpetual calendar as already noted.
  • an indicator of the 30-year correction cycle must also give the position of the cam of the years, referenced 75 or 105.
  • This is obtained, in the present embodiment, by means of a needle from the 115s, shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, integral with the cam of the years 75, 105 and pivoting around the axis 22 opposite a dial not shown carrying the succession of common and abundant years over a period of 30 years.
  • the needle 115 is driven out on a barrel 116 forming part of the star 76, the whole pivoting on a shaft 117 of axis 22 fixed on the movement.
  • the cam from the 75s, 105 is also driven out on the barrel 116, while the star 20 pivots freely on this barrel with the mobiles 23, 43 and 60 already mentioned and which it supports by means of a barrel 118.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
EP93119385A 1993-01-13 1993-12-01 Islamitischer Kalender Expired - Lifetime EP0606576B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH78/93A CH684234B5 (fr) 1993-01-13 1993-01-13 Calendrier musulman.
CH78/93 1993-01-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0606576A1 true EP0606576A1 (de) 1994-07-20
EP0606576B1 EP0606576B1 (de) 1997-04-16

Family

ID=4178767

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93119385A Expired - Lifetime EP0606576B1 (de) 1993-01-13 1993-12-01 Islamitischer Kalender

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5379272A (de)
EP (1) EP0606576B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3500177B2 (de)
CH (1) CH684234B5 (de)
DE (1) DE69309879T2 (de)
HK (1) HK1006040A1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1739508A1 (de) 2005-06-30 2007-01-03 Frédéric Piguet S.A. Uhr mit Kalenderanzeige
WO2007129933A1 (fr) * 2006-05-06 2007-11-15 Konstantin Yuryevich Chaykin Calendrier musulman (et variantes) et procédé pour déterminer les dates du calendrier musulman
WO2013030636A1 (fr) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-07 Breitling Ag Mecanisme d ' entrainemant d'un indicateur
WO2015062839A2 (fr) 2013-10-31 2015-05-07 Parmigiani Fleurier SA Calendrier hegirien
CH711749A1 (fr) * 2015-11-13 2017-05-15 Gfpi Sa Mécanisme de calendrier pour pièce d'horlogerie.
WO2021245581A1 (fr) 2020-06-03 2021-12-09 Michel Parmigiani Calendrier hégirien

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006170762A (ja) * 2004-12-15 2006-06-29 Seiko Instruments Inc 扇形運針輪列を備えた多機能時計および扇形運針輪列装置
JP4626971B2 (ja) * 2004-12-15 2011-02-09 セイコーインスツル株式会社 戻しばねを含む扇形運針機構を有する多機能時計および扇形運針輪列装置
EP1795977A1 (de) * 2005-12-09 2007-06-13 Glashütter Uhrenbetrieb GmbH Antriebsmechanismus einer Kalenderanzeige für eine Uhr
CH711049A1 (de) 2015-05-08 2016-11-15 Bucherer Ag Jahreskalender für mechanische Uhren.
DE102016125650B4 (de) * 2016-12-23 2018-10-31 Lange Uhren Gmbh Mechanischer Jahreskalender

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4253169A (en) * 1978-02-07 1981-02-24 Salah Ibrahim M Electronic calculation watch with digital display
EP0154096A2 (de) * 1983-10-31 1985-09-11 George Shrime Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Zeitangabe für verschiedene Orte

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH661171GA3 (de) * 1985-09-27 1987-07-15
CH663313GA3 (de) * 1986-01-14 1987-12-15

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4253169A (en) * 1978-02-07 1981-02-24 Salah Ibrahim M Electronic calculation watch with digital display
EP0154096A2 (de) * 1983-10-31 1985-09-11 George Shrime Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Zeitangabe für verschiedene Orte

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7280437B2 (en) 2005-06-30 2007-10-09 Frédéric Piguet S.A. Timepiece with a calendar display
EP1739508A1 (de) 2005-06-30 2007-01-03 Frédéric Piguet S.A. Uhr mit Kalenderanzeige
WO2007129933A1 (fr) * 2006-05-06 2007-11-15 Konstantin Yuryevich Chaykin Calendrier musulman (et variantes) et procédé pour déterminer les dates du calendrier musulman
US9042206B2 (en) 2011-08-30 2015-05-26 Breitling Ag Mechanism for driving an indicator for a timepiece
WO2013030636A1 (fr) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-07 Breitling Ag Mecanisme d ' entrainemant d'un indicateur
CN102968042A (zh) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-13 布赖特林股份公司 日历机构
CN102968042B (zh) * 2011-08-30 2016-07-06 布赖特林股份公司 日历机构
WO2015062839A3 (fr) * 2013-10-31 2015-08-27 Parmigiani Fleurier SA Calendrier hegirien
CH708853A1 (fr) * 2013-10-31 2015-05-15 Parmigiani Fleurier SA Calendrier hégirien.
WO2015062839A2 (fr) 2013-10-31 2015-05-07 Parmigiani Fleurier SA Calendrier hegirien
CH711749A1 (fr) * 2015-11-13 2017-05-15 Gfpi Sa Mécanisme de calendrier pour pièce d'horlogerie.
WO2017081231A1 (fr) 2015-11-13 2017-05-18 Gfpi S.A. Mecanisme de calendrier pour piece d'horlogerie
CN108292119A (zh) * 2015-11-13 2018-07-17 Gfpi公司 用于时钟的日历机构
US11169486B2 (en) 2015-11-13 2021-11-09 Gfpi S.A. Calendar mechanism for a timepiece
WO2021245581A1 (fr) 2020-06-03 2021-12-09 Michel Parmigiani Calendrier hégirien
CH717492A1 (fr) * 2020-06-03 2021-12-15 Parmigiani Michel Calendrier Hégirien.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69309879D1 (de) 1997-05-22
JP3500177B2 (ja) 2004-02-23
US5379272A (en) 1995-01-03
CH684234GA3 (fr) 1994-08-15
DE69309879T2 (de) 1998-01-02
HK1006040A1 (en) 1999-02-05
CH684234B5 (fr) 1995-02-15
JPH06236149A (ja) 1994-08-23
EP0606576B1 (de) 1997-04-16

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