EP0605824A1 - Canon à neige - Google Patents

Canon à neige Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0605824A1
EP0605824A1 EP93120350A EP93120350A EP0605824A1 EP 0605824 A1 EP0605824 A1 EP 0605824A1 EP 93120350 A EP93120350 A EP 93120350A EP 93120350 A EP93120350 A EP 93120350A EP 0605824 A1 EP0605824 A1 EP 0605824A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
snow
snow cannon
temperature
temperature sensors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93120350A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0605824B1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Weinrich
Eberhard Gall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0605824A1 publication Critical patent/EP0605824A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0605824B1 publication Critical patent/EP0605824B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
    • F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/046—Snow making by using low pressure air ventilators, e.g. fan type snow canons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C2303/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Special arrangements or features for producing artificial snow
    • F25C2303/048—Snow making by using means for spraying water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a snow cannon according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Snow cannons are increasingly being used today to ensure the ski season and the ability to drive downhill runs or slopes even in the absence or insufficient snowfall, these cannons generally being operated at night. It is common for the snow cannons to be set manually by the respective operating personnel in dependence on the current weather conditions, although constant monitoring and regulation is not possible for reasons of time, but also because of the arrangement of these cannons in the field, rather the monitoring can and regulation are currently only carried out sporadically. Optimal snowmaking on a terrain or a slope with the usual snow cannons today, especially with optimal use of the water used, is not possible.
  • the object of the invention is to show a snow cannon which enables snow-making of an area in an optimal manner, taking into account the respective weather conditions.
  • both the temperature at the moist temperature sensor (“second temperature sensor”) and the temperature at the dry temperature sensor are detected during operation in the air flow flowing through the air duct or in an air flow proportional thereto. These values are used to determine the "cold energy” (enthalpy) of the ambient air or the air of the emerging air flow, taking into account the temperatures of the two temperature sensors and the actual temperature of one of these two temperature sensors, preferably the dry, second temperature sensor. With the help of a signal that takes these values and any other parameters, such as Temperature of the water supplied, desired snow quality, etc., the amount of water added to the exiting air stream, i.e. regulates the amount of water atomized in this air stream.
  • This regulation can either be proportional, for example by means of a proportional valve, or stepwise, i.e. For example, take place in several switching stages in such a way that a specific number of water outlet nozzles is activated or switched on depending on the amount of water to be introduced into the emerging air stream.
  • a plurality of snow cannons which are arranged in a distributed manner on a downhill run or runway, are connected to a common monitoring and control device via at least one common data line, so that the snow cannons are monitored and controlled by a control center via the control lines or the bus system can be optimally controlled.
  • the snow cannon If fully automatic or centrally controlled operation of the snow cannon is planned, it is connected to a frost-proof water supply line via a valve control.
  • the valve device is designed that the snow cannon and its water-carrying lines are emptied automatically after switching off. To the extent that this is necessary for the automatic emptying, all control valves of the snow cannon also open after this cannon has been switched off. Furthermore, all control valves are also frost-proof or heated, as are the nozzles.
  • 1 is the tubular housing of a snow cannon 1.
  • This tubular housing which is open on the two housing sides 2 and 3, i.e. there is essentially only provided with a protective grille (not shown), forms an air duct narrowing towards the end 3 and can be pivoted or adjusted on a fixed or mobile frame (not shown) about a horizontal axis running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of the housing.
  • Ambient air is drawn in via the open end 2 in the manner described in more detail. This end thus forms the suction area of the snow cannon 1 or the housing 1 '. At the end 3, the ambient air is blown out and water is sprayed into the air stream 8 there to form the artificial snow.
  • a vent wheel 4 is provided in the interior of the housing 1 'and can be driven by an electric motor about an axis coaxially with the longitudinal axis L.
  • the fan wheel 4 is arranged so that it is closer to the end 2 than the end 3.
  • annular distributor lines 5 are provided, of which only two distributor lines 5 are shown for the sake of simplicity. However, the number of distribution lines is actually higher, for example twelve.
  • Each distribution line 5 is made from a length of pipe section made of a non-corrosive material, for example stainless steel, in such a way that it forms a self-contained annular line.
  • the distribution lines 5 are arranged such that their ring axes are each coaxially with the longitudinal axis L and follow one another in the direction of the longitudinal axis L.
  • the distributor lines are provided at least partially concentrically with one another at the end 3 outside the housing 1.
  • Each distributor line 5 is part of a nozzle arrangement 6 and for this purpose is provided with a multiplicity of water outlet nozzles 7 which are distributed evenly around the longitudinal axis L on each distributor line or are provided in a different manner.
  • the water outlet nozzles 7 on the distribution lines 5 are oriented so that they supply water in a finely divided form, i.e. finely atomized, into the air stream 8 emerging at the end 3.
  • the distribution lines 5 are each via a control or.
  • Solenoid valve 9 connected to a line 10 which serves to supply water under pressure.
  • a separate solenoid valve 9 is provided for each nozzle arrangement.
  • the solenoid valves 9 are normally in the closed state and open each time the associated magnet is actuated, whereby the associated nozzle arrangement 6 is then activated for dispensing water via the water outlet nozzles 7 provided there.
  • a microprocessor-based control device 11 which has different outputs, namely one output 12 for each solenoid valve 9.
  • the control device 11 also has an output 13 for an analog control signal and a data interface 14 for on - or delivery of data, for example status information.
  • the control device 11 has various inputs, namely an input 15 which is connected to a temperature sensor 16 provided in the line 10 and measuring the temperature of the water supplied, an input 17 which is connected to an adjusting element 18, and two further inputs 19 and 20, which are connected to a sensor device 21. This is in the area of the end 2, i.e. H. arranged in the suction area inside the tubular housing 1 '.
  • the setting element 18, which in the simplest case is a potentiometer, forms a manually adjustable element with which the desired quality of the artificial snow can be set or preselected, namely between "moist” and "dry".
  • the sensor element 21 With the sensor element 21 internal energy of the sucked-in ambient air, which (energy) is available for the formation of the artificial snow by introducing water into the air stream 8.
  • the sensor device 21 consists of two temperature sensors 22 and 23, which are connected to one at the suction area, i.e. are provided in the area of the end 2 on the board 1 held on the housing 1, specifically with their respectively active area 22 ′ or 23 ′ at an opening 24 ′, through which a predetermined or defined proportion of the total air sucked in by the fan wheel 4 flows becomes.
  • the circuit board 24 with the temperature sensors 22 and 23 is located in the flow direction in front of the fan wheel 4.
  • One end of a fabric or gauze hose 25 is plugged onto the active area 23 'of the temperature sensor 23, the other end of which is pushed onto the open end of a vertical pipe piece 26 which is open at both ends and which forms the outlet of a bottle-like container 27.
  • This is fastened to the circuit board 24 or in a holder there, in such a way that the pipe section 26 or the opening of the container 27 formed by it lies below.
  • the container 27 is filled with a liquid that only freezes at very low temperatures, for example with a mixture of water and an antifreeze.
  • the cross section of the pipe section 26 is selected so that only a small amount of liquid is dispensed from the container 27 to the hose 25, and only so much around this hose and in particular also the end of this pushed onto the active region 23 ' To keep the hose moist.
  • the temperature sensors 22 and 23 are preferably each formed by a PT 100.
  • the control of the amount of water introduced into the air flow 8, ie the number of activated nozzle arrangements 6, is carried out by the control device 11 taking into account the setting on the setting element 18 and the temperature of the water supplied (signal from the temperature sensor 16) as a function of the difference between the signals from the temperature sensors 22 and 23 and also taking into account the actual temperature measured by the dry temperature sensor 22, in such a way that only below a predetermined minimum temperature, for example a temperature of less than +4 o C, one or more distribution lines 5 are activated at all.
  • a predetermined minimum temperature for example a temperature of less than +4 o C
  • the corresponding control curve for example in the form of a family of curves for different snow qualities set on the setting device 18, according to which the (control curve) the control device 11 determines the maximum permissible amount of water to be introduced into the air stream 8 or the maximum permissible number of distributor lines 5 to be activated, is selected so that taking into account the signals present at inputs 19 and 20, ie taking into account the temperature difference of the temperature sensors 22 and 23 and taking into account the actual temperature of the temperature sensor 22, an artificial snow with the desired quality is actually obtained.
  • The, for example, analog signal present at the output 13 is also a measure of the amount of water that can be introduced into the air flow 8, taking into account the signals present at the inputs 15, 17, 19 and 20.
  • the signal at the output 13 can be used, for example, to control a proportional valve which regulates the amount of water discharged into the air stream 8.
  • all the water outlet nozzles 7 are then provided on a common distributor line, which are connected via the proportional valve to the line 10 for supplying the pressurized water.
  • Various information is available at the output 14, for example the temperature of the ambient air or air drawn in by the temperature sensor 22, the maximum possible amount of snow, etc.
  • This data is displayed, for example, on a display device, not shown, of the snow cannon.
  • 28 generally designates an electrical supply line via which the snow cannon and in particular also the drive for the air wheel and the control device 11 are supplied with electricity.
  • the snow cannon 1a with other snow cannons in a terrain at suitable points, for example at bases 29 provided there (FIG. 3), and then to distribute them in the terrain, ie in the area of a snow downhill run to centrally control snow cannons 1a arranged at different altitudes.
  • the outputs 14 of the control devices 11 of all the snow cannons are connected to a common data line 30 which is used to transmit addresses and data to the individual snow cannons or their control devices 11 and to transmit addresses and data from the individual snow cannons or their control devices 11 to the central control and monitoring unit 31.
  • the snow cannons can then be optimally controlled depending on, in particular, the data supplied by the sensor devices 21 or the temperature sensors 22 and 23, in particular also with regard to an optimal use of the water used, for example in such a way that only that snow cannon 1a is operated in a certain section of the route which, due to the temperature and humidity conditions of the ambient air there, enables the greatest output of artificial snow.
  • the one with This selected snow cannon artificial snow is then distributed to the required areas, for example with slope processing equipment.
  • the central control and monitoring device 31 also makes it possible to produce artificial snow in a controlled manner over a longer distance only where this is possible and absolutely necessary.
  • the line 10 is designed as a vertical riser.
  • the line 10 is connected to a water supply line 33 laid in the floor 32 in a frost-proof manner, specifically via a valve 34, which is also located in the floor 32 at a frost-proof location.
  • the valve 34 which is also controlled by the control device 11, is a changeover valve or a three / two-way valve, i.e. a valve with a total of three connections and two positions. In the one position, the valve 34 connects the line 10 to the line 33. In the other position, the valve 34 connects the line 10 to a line 36 laid in the floor 32 and leading to a drainage 35. This means that when the associated one is switched off Snow cannon 1a the associated line 10 is immediately emptied via line 36, so that line 10 cannot freeze after the snow cannon has been switched off.
  • valves controlling the water outlet nozzles 7, for example the solenoid valves 9 or the proportional valve controlled by the outlet 13 and designated 37 in FIG. 3, are preferably also housed in a frost-protected manner, for example in the base 32 or in the base 29 the valves controlling the water outlet nozzles 7 are opened automatically after the snow cannon in question has been switched off, so that the water outlet nozzles 7 or the distributor lines 5 having these nozzles or connecting lines leading to these distributor lines can also be emptied.
EP93120350A 1992-12-23 1993-12-17 Canon à neige Expired - Lifetime EP0605824B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4243731A DE4243731C1 (de) 1992-12-23 1992-12-23 Schneekanone
DE4243731 1992-12-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0605824A1 true EP0605824A1 (fr) 1994-07-13
EP0605824B1 EP0605824B1 (fr) 1997-05-21

Family

ID=6476299

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93120350A Expired - Lifetime EP0605824B1 (fr) 1992-12-23 1993-12-17 Canon à neige

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0605824B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE153435T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4243731C1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114111144A (zh) * 2021-10-26 2022-03-01 北京建筑大学 一种适应气候条件的大雪量造雪机及其喷嘴控制方法

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2795494B1 (fr) * 1999-06-25 2001-09-14 York Neige Vanne pour la distribution d'eau et eventuellement d'air, dans les installations de pulverisation d'eau sous pression, en vue de la fabrication de neige par exemple
ITTN20090001A1 (it) * 2009-04-21 2010-10-22 Leotech Srl Gruppo compatto di comando
US8011114B2 (en) * 2009-12-04 2011-09-06 Superior Investments, Inc. Vehicle dryer with butterfly inlet valve
IT1402888B1 (it) * 2010-11-23 2013-09-27 Technoalpin A G S P A Ora Technoalpin Holding S P A Impianto d'innevamento artificiale
CN112923623B (zh) * 2021-02-01 2022-06-07 西安交通大学 一种高造雪率造雪机及其控制方法与工作方法
CN113280547B (zh) * 2021-06-02 2022-07-01 姜何 一种造雪机控制系统

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH408074A (de) * 1962-06-15 1966-02-28 Amf Overseas Corp Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Schnee und Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE1229116B (de) * 1964-01-31 1966-11-24 Roehrenwerk Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von kuenstlichem Schnee
US4004732A (en) * 1974-08-16 1977-01-25 Hanson Alden W Snow making method
EP0004803A2 (fr) * 1978-03-31 1979-10-17 Pasquier, Armand René Procédé et dispositif de fabrication automatique de neige
US4223836A (en) * 1978-12-07 1980-09-23 Zemel Brothers, Inc. Snowmaking machine and method
US4545529A (en) * 1982-08-12 1985-10-08 Tropeano Joseph C Method and apparatus for automatically making snow
FR2573854A1 (fr) * 1984-11-27 1986-05-30 York Froid Ind Perfectionnement aux dispositifs d'alimentation de canons a neige dans les installations d'enneigement artificiel de pistes de ski
US4836446A (en) * 1985-03-27 1989-06-06 Pierre Chanel Device and method for producing artificial snow
FR2634663A1 (fr) * 1988-07-29 1990-02-02 Lagier Jacques Installation d'enneigement artificiel pour pistes de ski
US5031832A (en) * 1990-01-26 1991-07-16 Ratnik Industries Inc. Automated snow-making system

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3979061A (en) * 1974-02-04 1976-09-07 Kircher Everett F Method and apparatus for making artificial snow

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH408074A (de) * 1962-06-15 1966-02-28 Amf Overseas Corp Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Schnee und Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE1229116B (de) * 1964-01-31 1966-11-24 Roehrenwerk Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von kuenstlichem Schnee
US4004732A (en) * 1974-08-16 1977-01-25 Hanson Alden W Snow making method
EP0004803A2 (fr) * 1978-03-31 1979-10-17 Pasquier, Armand René Procédé et dispositif de fabrication automatique de neige
US4223836A (en) * 1978-12-07 1980-09-23 Zemel Brothers, Inc. Snowmaking machine and method
US4545529A (en) * 1982-08-12 1985-10-08 Tropeano Joseph C Method and apparatus for automatically making snow
FR2573854A1 (fr) * 1984-11-27 1986-05-30 York Froid Ind Perfectionnement aux dispositifs d'alimentation de canons a neige dans les installations d'enneigement artificiel de pistes de ski
US4836446A (en) * 1985-03-27 1989-06-06 Pierre Chanel Device and method for producing artificial snow
FR2634663A1 (fr) * 1988-07-29 1990-02-02 Lagier Jacques Installation d'enneigement artificiel pour pistes de ski
US5031832A (en) * 1990-01-26 1991-07-16 Ratnik Industries Inc. Automated snow-making system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114111144A (zh) * 2021-10-26 2022-03-01 北京建筑大学 一种适应气候条件的大雪量造雪机及其喷嘴控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0605824B1 (fr) 1997-05-21
DE4243731C1 (de) 1994-05-11
ATE153435T1 (de) 1997-06-15
DE59306518D1 (de) 1997-06-26

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