EP0605265A1 - Überspannungsableiter auf Varistor-Basis, insbesondere für hohe Spannungen - Google Patents

Überspannungsableiter auf Varistor-Basis, insbesondere für hohe Spannungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0605265A1
EP0605265A1 EP93402869A EP93402869A EP0605265A1 EP 0605265 A1 EP0605265 A1 EP 0605265A1 EP 93402869 A EP93402869 A EP 93402869A EP 93402869 A EP93402869 A EP 93402869A EP 0605265 A1 EP0605265 A1 EP 0605265A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
envelope
varistors
stack
surge arrester
composite material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93402869A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0605265B1 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Malpiece
Alain Rousseau
Dominique Mercier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soule Materiel Electrique
Original Assignee
Soule Materiel Electrique
Soule SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=9435981&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0605265(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Soule Materiel Electrique, Soule SA filed Critical Soule Materiel Electrique
Publication of EP0605265A1 publication Critical patent/EP0605265A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0605265B1 publication Critical patent/EP0605265B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of surge arresters.
  • surge arresters for high voltage, typically to electrical networks of nominal voltage greater than lkV effective between phases.
  • Surge arresters are devices designed to be connected between an electrical line, in particular medium or high voltage, and ground, to limit the amplitude and duration of the overvoltages appearing on the line.
  • overvoltages can be due for example to atmospheric phenomena, such as lightning, or inductions in the conductors.
  • Surge arresters are generally formed by stacking different varistors, most often nowadays by stacking several discs based on zinc oxide, whose electrical resistivity is highly non-linear depending on the applied voltage.
  • these varistors do not let practically any current pass as long as the voltage at their terminals is less than a starting threshold and on the other hand, let pass a very strong current, which can reach several tens of kA, when the voltage applied to their terminals exceeds the aforementioned priming threshold.
  • the number of varistors used in the arrester is such that the nominal service voltage on the power line is less than the ignition threshold at the terminals of the varistors stack.
  • the arrester can permanently withstand the nominal operating voltage, without current leakage, and on the other hand makes it possible to drain the discharge currents of very high intensity which may appear temporarily on the line in the event of accidental overvoltage.
  • Document GB-A-2 073 965 has proposed, for example, to produce this envelope using a heat-shrinkable material.
  • EP-A-0 008 181, EP-A-0 274 674, EP-A-0 281 245 and US-A-4 456 942 have proposed to produce the envelope surrounding the varistors using a elastomeric material, formed in particular by overmolding.
  • EP-A-0 274 674 proposed to overmold an envelope made of a composite material based on elastomer, EPDM, silicone, or other resin, loaded or not, on a stack of varistors.
  • the document EP-A-0 196 370 proposed to produce the envelope on a varistor body by pouring a synthetic resin formed for example of epoxy resin, polymer concrete, silicone resin, or an elastomer, or by covering the body of varistors with a shrinkable plastic tube, or by providing this stack with a layer of synthetic resin.
  • a synthetic resin formed for example of epoxy resin, polymer concrete, silicone resin, or an elastomer
  • document US-A-4 656 555 proposed to first form a winding of fibers based on plastic material, such as polyethylene, or glass, or even ceramic possibly impregnated with resin, for example l epoxy, then forming on the outside of this winding a housing made of weather-resistant polymer material, for example based on elastomeric polymers, synthetic rubber, thermoplastic elastomers, EPDM.
  • plastic material such as polyethylene, or glass
  • resin for example l epoxy
  • This document more specifically proposes either to preform the weather-resistant polymer housing, then to engage the stack of varistors provided with the winding of fibers in this housing, or to first form the winding of fibers on the stack of varistors, then make the housing of weather-resistant polymer material, by molding on the winding, projection of polymer on the winding or insertion of the stack of varistors provided with the winding in a polymer bath.
  • first envelope, the second envelope and the external envelope can be placed successively on the stack of varistors, or the envelopes can be formed in reverse order.
  • EP-A-0 233 022 proposed to form on a stack of varistors a shell based on glass fibers reinforced with epoxy resin, then a heat-shrinkable envelope, or which can be released by equivalent mechanical means on said shell, elastomer base.
  • the envelope can be molded in situ based on synthetic resin or polymeric material.
  • the document states that the shell can be preformed. This document also proposes to use a sheet of prepreg fibers.
  • Document EP-A-0 304 690 proposes first of all making a filament winding of glass fibers impregnated with resin, then forming on the outside of the winding a coating of elastomeric material of EPDM type, by injection.
  • Document EP-A-0 355 479 proposes placing successively on the stack of varistors, first of all a barrier formed by a plastic film, for example based on propylene, then a winding of non-conductive filaments, and finally a weather-resistant elastomer housing.
  • EP-A-0 397 163 proposed to place successively on the stack of varistors a filament winding impregnated with resin, then to form on this winding a coating with fins, made of elastomer, for example EPDM, by injection.
  • a main object of the present invention is to improve the reliability of existing surge arresters, in particular by avoiding any presence of air at the level of the interface (s) between the stack of varistors and the envelope which covers it. .
  • a more ancillary object of the present invention is to reduce the size, weight and cost of known surge arresters.
  • the production of the outer envelope by extrusion makes it possible to expel any air at the interface between the first envelope of composite material and the outer envelope.
  • the present invention also relates to the product obtained by the implementation of this process.
  • the arrester according to the present invention shown in Figure 6 attached and obtained using the intermediate steps shown in Figures 1 to 5 which will be described later, comprises a stack of varistors 100, two contact parts 200, a first casing 300 of composite material, an extruded outer casing 400, attached fins 500 and additional sealing means 600.
  • the arrester further comprises, as shown in FIG. 8, two end caps 700 made of electrically conductive material.
  • Varistors 100 are formed from discs of constant diameter formed on the basis of zinc oxide.
  • the varistors 100 are first stacked along their axis 102, to be perfectly coaxial.
  • spacers made of electrically conductive material may be interposed between at least some of the pairs of 100 adjacent varistors.
  • the two contact pieces 200 are preferably placed respectively on the ends of the varistor stacks.
  • the contact pieces 200 preferably comprise an annular groove 210.
  • the subsequent step of the method according to the present invention consists in producing a first envelope 300 of composite material, on the stack of varistors 100 thus formed.
  • a fabric of fibers 300 is wound around the stack of varistors 100 and on the base of the two contact pieces 200.
  • Two links 350 are tightened on the envelope 300, opposite the grooves 210 mentioned above.
  • the casing 300 thus ensures a firm connection between the two contact parts 200 and maintains, by axial stress, good electrical contact between the main faces 104, transverse to the axis 102, of each pair of adjacent varistors on the one hand , and between the main external faces 104 of the varistors 100 placed at the ends of the stack, and respectively the contact parts 200, on the other hand.
  • the envelope 300 is formed, as indicated above, of a fabric of fibers.
  • These fibers are oriented essentially parallel to the axis 102 of the stack of varistors.
  • the fibers advantageously extend over the entire length of the stack.
  • the fibers of the casing 300 work for some in elongation, for the others for compression.
  • Glass fibers have excellent resistance properties, both in elongation and in compression.
  • the fiber fabric used is advantageously an open mesh fabric. This provision allows free degassing of the stack of varistors.
  • the fiber fabric can be impregnated with any resin known to specialists in the field of composite materials.
  • the link 350 can be formed of numerous variants, for example of a ribbon, or of separate fibers, such as fibers impregnated with resin.
  • the establishment of links 350 enables the casing 300 to be immobilized firmly in translation on each contact piece 200 and thus to ensure good immobilization in relative translation of the contact pieces 200.
  • the envelope 300 can be formed from different layers of superimposed fibers.
  • An ultimate sheet of fibers can be wound if necessary over the whole of the preformed casing 300 as well as the links 350 in order to define a perfectly continuous cylindrical external surface before making the external casing 400.
  • the thickness of the internal envelope 300 must be adapted, as indicated above, in particular to compensate for the unevenness of the surfaces of the stack of varistors due to deviations in alignment and to the dispersions of dimensions of varistors.
  • the fiber fabric making up the envelope 300 is a fabric of glass fibers crossed at a rate of 62.5% by weight of fibers in the weft direction parallel to the axis 102 and 37.5% by weight of fibers in the warp direction transverse to the axis 102.
  • the fabric has 3.5 x 5mm mesh.
  • the entangled glass fibers are heat sealed.
  • the length of the frame is equal to the length of the envelope 300.
  • each layer of fabric is of the order of 1.60 mm and preferably two to three layers of superimposed fabric are used.
  • the resin used is preferably an unsaturated polyester.
  • the link 350 is formed of glass fibers at a rate of 80% by weight in the warp direction and 20% by weight in the weft direction and has a width of 20mm.
  • the subsequent step consists in engaging the stack obtained shown in FIG. 3 and comprising the internal envelope 300 in an extrusion die 800 to form the external envelope 400.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows an extrusion head 300.
  • the main purpose of the outer casing 400 is to protect the stack of lightning arresters 100 and the inner casing 300 of composite material, in particular with regard to humidity, and more generally with regard to inclement weather.
  • the outer casing 400 can be formed from any suitable material.
  • It is preferably formed from silicone.
  • the casing 400 has a substantially constant thickness over the entire length of the arrester, and over the entire periphery thereof.
  • the thickness of the external envelope is typically at least 3mm.
  • the stack comprising the varistors 100 coated with the envelope 300 of composite material can be driven and guided in translation along its axis 102 centered on the die 800 by any appropriate means.
  • the stacks shown in FIG. 3 can be connected two by two using intermediate bars 810 of the same external diameter as the casing 300 and fixed on contact parts 200 by studs 812.
  • the stacks are engaged successively, one by one, in the extrusion die 800, and not point successively as authorized with the aid of the interlayer 810 shown in FIG. 7.
  • a bonding primer is placed on the external surface of the casing 300, before the extrusion step.
  • this attachment primer is not placed on the bar (s) 810.
  • the product obtained at the end of the extrusion step is represented in FIG. 5.
  • the fins 500 should be placed on the external envelope 400.
  • the fins 500 are intended to lengthen the line of flight on the outside of the arrester.
  • the fins 500 are preferably pre-molded, then threaded successively onto the body obtained after the extrusion step.
  • the fins 500 have a generally frustoconical shape, as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the retention of the fins 500 on the outer casing 400 is preferably ensured by the addition of a synthetic component which acts as an adhesive.
  • collars 600 are tightened on the ends of the casing 400, opposite each contact piece 200 respectively.
  • FIG. 8 There is shown in Figure 8 attached an embodiment of a surge arrester according to the present invention for 63kV network.
  • this arrester also comprises, at each of its ends, an electrically conductive cap 700, preferably formed from metal.
  • Each cap 700 can for example cover the associated collar 600.
  • Each cap 700 can be fixed to the end of the arrester by any suitable means, for example by screwing into the contact piece 200.
  • each cap 700 is provided with a central orifice coaxial with the axis 102, designed to allow the passage of a stud connected to the associated contact piece 200.
  • the contact pieces 700 which have an identical geometry have the general shape of a truncated cone tapered towards the outside of the arrester.
  • the larger diameter flat face of the contact pieces 700 which extends perpendicular to the axis 102, is arranged against the ends of the above-mentioned stack.
  • the largest diameter of the contact piece 700 is between the external diameter of the casing 400 and the largest diameter of the fins 500.
  • the largest diameter of the caps 700 is preferably equal to half the sum of these two diameters.
  • the two circular edges 702 formed at the junction of the large flat base 704 of the caps 700 and their frustoconical surface 706 define a preferential arc striking path in the event of power faults greater than those which can be absorbed by the stack of surge arresters 100.
  • the two contact pieces 200 placed respectively at the ends of the arrester are identical.
  • Each contact piece 200 is formed from a single metal block having a general symmetry of revolution about an axis 202.
  • this axis 202 is coaxial with the axis 102 of the stack of varistors.
  • the main faces of the contact piece 200 are referenced 204 and 206.
  • These main faces 204 and 206 are planar and orthogonal to the axis 202.
  • the main face 204 is based on the use on the main external face 104 of a varistor 100 placed at the end of the stack.
  • the main face 206 is directed towards the outside of the arrester.
  • the contact piece 200 comprises a cylinder 220 adjacent to the main face 206 and extended in the direction of the main face 204 by a barrel 230 of smaller section.
  • the section of the barrel 230 is equal to the external section of the varistors 100.
  • the barrel 230 extends the external surface of the stack.
  • the abovementioned annular groove 210 is formed in the barrel 230, substantially at the mid-length thereof.
  • the bottom 211 of the groove 210 preferably has a polygonal section, for example a hexagonal section, as shown in FIG. 10.
  • the first side 212 of the groove 210 placed on the side of the main face 204 is preferably plane and perpendicular to the axis 202.
  • the second flank 213 of the groove 210 placed on the side of the main face 210 is preferably conical centered on the axis 202 and with a concavity directed towards the main face 206.
  • helical threads 232 are formed on the outer surface of the barrel 230.
  • the threads 232 extend on either side of the groove 210.
  • threads 232 are advantageously interrupted before the main face 204.
  • the limit of the threads 232 on the side of the main face 204 is formed by an annular groove 234.
  • each contact piece 200 has a blind tapped bore 240 centered on the axis 202 and opening onto the main face 206.
  • This threaded bore 240 is designed to receive a connecting stud, as indicated above.
  • the polygonal bottom 211 of the groove 210 and the threads 232 form non-symmetrical structures of revolution around the axis 202.
  • annular grooves 210 in which the ends of the sheet of fabric forming the envelope 300 are engaged make it possible to secure a stable translation between said envelope 300 and the contact parts 200.
  • These longitudinal grooves can be obtained using complementary shapes provided on the die, or alternatively inserts placed on the outer surface of the casing 400, for example based on glass fibers, and subsequently removed.
  • the arrester according to the present invention can be equipped with a fault signaling device.
  • This device can be placed for example on one end of the arrester.
  • Such a fault signaling device is designed to visualize the passage of a line current to earth via the arrester, that is to say to visualize the passage of a leakage current through the arrester.
  • the surge arrester according to the present invention offers numerous advantages over known prior lightning arresters.
  • the production of the outer envelope 400 by extrusion offers the great advantage of very great flexibility and makes it possible to modify the parameters of the profile obtained easily and quickly.
  • the present invention makes it possible to easily adapt the length of the arrester to the nominal voltage of the line to be protected.
  • the present invention in no way requires the adaptation of any mold.
  • the present invention makes it possible to avoid any layer of air at the interface between the casing 300 and the casing 400, and consequently makes it possible to avoid any surface discharge at this level.
  • the present invention also makes it possible to significantly reduce the weight and size of the surge arresters compared to the known prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
EP93402869A 1992-11-27 1993-11-26 Überspannungsableiter auf Varistor-Basis, insbesondere für hohe Spannungen Expired - Lifetime EP0605265B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9214303 1992-11-27
FR9214303A FR2698736B1 (fr) 1992-11-27 1992-11-27 Perfectionnements aux parafoudres à varistances notamment pour haute tension.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0605265A1 true EP0605265A1 (de) 1994-07-06
EP0605265B1 EP0605265B1 (de) 1996-08-21

Family

ID=9435981

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93402869A Expired - Lifetime EP0605265B1 (de) 1992-11-27 1993-11-26 Überspannungsableiter auf Varistor-Basis, insbesondere für hohe Spannungen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5497138A (de)
EP (1) EP0605265B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE141710T1 (de)
CA (1) CA2110128C (de)
DE (1) DE69304185T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2698736B1 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997032319A1 (en) * 1996-03-01 1997-09-04 Cooper Industries, Inc. Self-compressive surge arrester module and method of making same
FR2747500B1 (fr) * 1996-04-12 1998-06-26 Soule Materiel Electr Parafoudre perfectionne a base de varistances
US5712757A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-27 Raychem Corporation Surge arrester having ridged terminals
US5757604A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-05-26 Raychem Corporation Surge arrester having grooved and ridged terminals
US5680289A (en) * 1996-06-27 1997-10-21 Raychem Corporation Surge arrester
US6008975A (en) * 1997-03-03 1999-12-28 Mcgraw-Edison Company Self-compressive surge arrester module and method of making same
DE19813135A1 (de) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-30 Asea Brown Boveri Überspannungsableiter
US6014306A (en) * 1998-09-24 2000-01-11 Hubbell Incorporated Electrical device with wedge insert gas seal for probe
US6279811B1 (en) 2000-05-12 2001-08-28 Mcgraw-Edison Company Solder application technique
US6657128B2 (en) 2001-01-29 2003-12-02 Mcgraw-Edison Company Hydrophobic properties of polymer housings
US7015786B2 (en) 2001-08-29 2006-03-21 Mcgraw-Edison Company Mechanical reinforcement to improve high current, short duration withstand of a monolithic disk or bonded disk stack
US7436283B2 (en) * 2003-11-20 2008-10-14 Cooper Technologies Company Mechanical reinforcement structure for fuses
SE526328C2 (sv) * 2003-12-19 2005-08-23 Abb Technology Ltd Kraftkondensator
US8117739B2 (en) * 2004-01-23 2012-02-21 Cooper Technologies Company Manufacturing process for surge arrester module using pre-impregnated composite
US7075406B2 (en) * 2004-03-16 2006-07-11 Cooper Technologies Company Station class surge arrester
US7633737B2 (en) * 2004-04-29 2009-12-15 Cooper Technologies Company Liquid immersed surge arrester
DE102004044648A1 (de) * 2004-09-15 2006-03-30 Epcos Ag Varistor
KR100929906B1 (ko) * 2004-12-10 2009-12-04 가부시키가이샤 니혼 에이이 파워시스템즈 어레스터 및 어레스터의 누설전류 측정방법
IES20060769A2 (en) * 2005-10-19 2007-04-04 Littelfuse Ireland Dev Company A varistor and production method
WO2008035319A1 (en) * 2006-09-19 2008-03-27 Littelfuse Ireland Development Company Limited Manufacture of varistors comprising a passivation layer
US7660093B2 (en) 2007-11-20 2010-02-09 Hubbell Incorporated Arrester block module assembly and method
US8593774B2 (en) 2009-07-17 2013-11-26 The Invention Science Fund I Llc Polarized lightning arrestors
US9614624B2 (en) 2010-05-11 2017-04-04 Deep Science, Llc Optical power source modulation system
US8421045B2 (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-04-16 Bha Group, Inc. Electromagnetic protection cloth
US8629751B2 (en) * 2011-12-14 2014-01-14 Tyco Electronics Corporation High amperage surge arresters
US9524815B2 (en) * 2013-11-05 2016-12-20 Abb Schweiz Ag Surge arrester with moulded sheds and apparatus for moulding
US10304598B1 (en) * 2018-01-19 2019-05-28 Te Connectivity Corporation Surge arresters and related assemblies and methods
GB201809140D0 (en) * 2018-06-04 2018-07-18 Univ Court Of The Univ Of Aberdeen Apparatus suitable for interrupting a direct current
US11295879B2 (en) * 2020-07-24 2022-04-05 TE Connectivity Services Gmbh Surge arresters and related assemblies and methods
CN113299445A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-24 固力发电气有限公司 一种高压复合支柱绝缘子
US11894166B2 (en) 2022-01-05 2024-02-06 Richards Mfg. Co., A New Jersey Limited Partnership Manufacturing process for surge arrestor module using compaction bladder system

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EP0304690A1 (de) * 1987-08-06 1989-03-01 Sediver, Societe Europeenne D'isolateurs En Verre Et Composite Herstellungsverfahren eines Blitzableiters und Blitzableiter nach diesem Verfahren hergestellt
JPH01137603A (ja) * 1987-11-24 1989-05-30 Otowa Denki Kogyo Kk 避雷器の耐圧絶縁筒
EP0335479A2 (de) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-04 Hubbell Incorporated Modular aufgebautes elektrisches Bauteil mit Trennfolie aus Kunststoff
EP0372106A1 (de) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-13 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Überspannungsbegrenzer
GB2229330A (en) * 1986-01-29 1990-09-19 Bowthorpe Ind Ltd Surge arrester

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GB2229330A (en) * 1986-01-29 1990-09-19 Bowthorpe Ind Ltd Surge arrester
EP0304690A1 (de) * 1987-08-06 1989-03-01 Sediver, Societe Europeenne D'isolateurs En Verre Et Composite Herstellungsverfahren eines Blitzableiters und Blitzableiter nach diesem Verfahren hergestellt
JPH01137603A (ja) * 1987-11-24 1989-05-30 Otowa Denki Kogyo Kk 避雷器の耐圧絶縁筒
EP0335479A2 (de) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-04 Hubbell Incorporated Modular aufgebautes elektrisches Bauteil mit Trennfolie aus Kunststoff
EP0372106A1 (de) * 1988-12-06 1990-06-13 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Überspannungsbegrenzer

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Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 390 (E - 813) 29 August 1989 (1989-08-29) *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5497138A (en) 1996-03-05
EP0605265B1 (de) 1996-08-21
ATE141710T1 (de) 1996-09-15
CA2110128A1 (fr) 1994-05-28
FR2698736A1 (fr) 1994-06-03
DE69304185T2 (de) 1997-04-03
DE69304185D1 (de) 1996-09-26
FR2698736B1 (fr) 1995-03-17
CA2110128C (fr) 2000-04-04

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