EP0603807B1 - Stonelayer of a packaging unit, its use, method for making and packing same and mould - Google Patents
Stonelayer of a packaging unit, its use, method for making and packing same and mould Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0603807B1 EP0603807B1 EP93120554A EP93120554A EP0603807B1 EP 0603807 B1 EP0603807 B1 EP 0603807B1 EP 93120554 A EP93120554 A EP 93120554A EP 93120554 A EP93120554 A EP 93120554A EP 0603807 B1 EP0603807 B1 EP 0603807B1
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- Prior art keywords
- stone
- artificial stones
- stones
- artificial
- basic
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/24—Unitary mould structures with a plurality of moulding spaces, e.g. moulds divided into multiple moulding spaces by integratable partitions, mould part structures providing a number of moulding spaces in mutual co-operation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
- E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C2201/00—Paving elements
- E01C2201/06—Sets of paving elements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a stone layer according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a corresponding stone layer on a transport plate is known from DE-U1-84 05 128.0.
- the invention further relates to an application of several identical stone layers according to claim 11.
- the invention relates to a method for producing packaging units with at least one stone layer according to the invention, wherein the preamble of claim 12 in question is based on the usual production technology for artificial stones.
- the invention relates to a molding box according to claim 14, with which the stone layers can be produced in accordance with the method.
- the concrete of the artificial stones can be made with or without a facing layer.
- the invention is particularly concerned with the production of stone layers with artificial stones in paving stone format.
- the general aim is to use artificial stones to improve the conditions of natural stone paving, e.g. B. those made of granite, basalt or other types of natural stone, as natural as possible to reproduce.
- a peculiarity of natural stone paving, the reproduction of which the invention is concerned with, is that practical every natural stone is shaped differently than all others.
- the natural stones are usually delivered in a square basic format; However, depending on the result of the paving stone production, natural stones with a pentagonal to hexagonal basic format can also be used.
- the side line of the basic format has an irregular outline determined by the quarry. When laying such natural stone paving up to the laying of cobblestone, it then depends on the skill of the laying worker to lay the natural stone with suitable mutual adaptation to the paving.
- the stones according to FR-A-2 649 139 also strive to imitate irregularities of natural stones in the surface and course of the joints.
- the quadrangular basic type with a different edge length of a basic rectangular format is taken into account, with only the longitudinal edges having a slightly different line from the straight line of different types of deviation.
- square and elongated rectangular basic formats are included, which can then be laid out in rows and columns. Another variation in the direction of increasing the unevenness can be achieved by exchanging the top and bottom of the stone in question.
- the invention has for its object to provide a stone layer of a packaging unit, which can be easily gripped laterally for packaging and shipping purposes in the pushed together state with further optimized selection of the artificial stones of the stone layer for imitation of natural stone conditions.
- This task is realized in a stone layer according to the preamble of claim 1 by the features of its characterizing part.
- the invention continues in the way of concrete block production the way of approximating the conditions for natural stones, takes into account the natural variety of natural stones much better than before and takes into account the advantages of artificial stone production and experience from the laying technology of artificial stones only to the extent that this is the case is possible without seriously affecting the general goal of approximating natural stone conditions.
- claims 2 to 6 a further refinement is obtained when approximating the variety of natural stone shapes.
- the features of claims 7 to 9 also contribute to the large stone shape variety. However, they are also of particular importance in promoting cohesion in packaging and transport, especially if the individual layers of stone that are placed on top of each other during packaging are rotated relative to each other by 180 °.
- the figure shows a top view of a stone layer of artificial stones according to the invention in paving stone format within a rectangular stone pattern given by a molding box.
- a corresponding compartment corresponds to each artificial stone to be produced, the individual compartments being divided by intermediate plates 4.
- the stone pattern is elongated rectangular, in a modification the rectangular stone pattern can also be strictly square.
- Most artificial stones have a square basic format.
- a large number of pentagonal basic formats are provided, for example in the edge area at position A5 and at position A14 or at position E15 or in the interior, for example at position D5.
- a hexagonal basic format is available in the interior, for example at position G9.
- Position E10 shows, for example, a pentagonal artificial stone or a corresponding compartment in which both the angles of all corners and the course of all sides of the basic format are different.
- the basic format is overlaid with a natural stone-like irregular outline, which is illustrated in the drawing by the restless course of the outline.
- the 120 different artificial stones similar to natural stone shown can be produced, for example, on a production area of 700 x 1,200 mm 2 . All different artificial stones have the usual natural stone pavement format.
- Both rows A-H and columns 1-15 contain artificial stones with different basic formats.
- a large number of artificial stones e.g. A5, A14, E15 and D5 with pentagonal basic formats are provided, which are distributed over rows A-H and columns 1-15 of the rectangular stone pattern.
- At least one artificial stone e.g. H7 with a pentagonal basic format and at least one artificial stone (e.g. D6) with a hexagonal basic format each have a corner that is bent inwards.
- At least one artificial stone (e.g. H6) with a square basic format has an arcuate course on at least one side of the basic format.
- artificial stones e.g. A1, A8, A12
- square basic formats which at least three corners of your Basic format have corner angles deviating from 90 °
- artificial stones e.g A8, A12
- four corner angles deviating from 90 ° are also provided.
- All joints 6 between rows A-H and all joints 8 between columns 1-15 of the rectangular stone pattern have a course deviating from a straight line.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Steinlage gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1. Eine entsprechende Steinlage auf einer Transportplatte ist aus dem DE-U1-84 05 128.0 bekannt.The invention relates to a stone layer according to the preamble of claim 1. A corresponding stone layer on a transport plate is known from DE-U1-84 05 128.0.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich ferner auf eine Anwendung von mehreren gleichen Steinlagen gemäß Anspruch 11.The invention further relates to an application of several identical stone layers according to claim 11.
Ferner befaßt sich die Erfindung mit einem Verfahren zum Herstellen von Paketierungseinheiten mit mindestens einer erfindungsgemäßen Steinlage, wobei im Oberbegriff des betreffenden Anspruchs 12 von üblicher Herstellungstechnologie bei Kunststeinen ausgegangen wird.Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing packaging units with at least one stone layer according to the invention, wherein the preamble of
Schließlich betrifft die Erfindung einen Formkasten gemäß Anspruch 14, mit welchem die Herstellung der Steinlagen entsprechend dem Verfahren vorgenommen werden kann.Finally, the invention relates to a molding box according to claim 14, with which the stone layers can be produced in accordance with the method.
Der Beton der Kunststeine kann mit oder ohne Vorsatzschicht gefertigt sein.The concrete of the artificial stones can be made with or without a facing layer.
Die Erfindung befaßt sich speziell mit der Herstellung von Steinlagen mit Kunststeinen im Pflastersteinformat. Angestrebt wird dabei allgemein, mittels Kunststeinen die Verhältnisse von Natursteinpflastern, z. B. solchen aus Granit, Basalt oder anderen Natursteinarten, so naturecht wie möglich nachzubilden.The invention is particularly concerned with the production of stone layers with artificial stones in paving stone format. The general aim is to use artificial stones to improve the conditions of natural stone paving, e.g. B. those made of granite, basalt or other types of natural stone, as natural as possible to reproduce.
Eine Besonderheit von Natursteinpflaster, mit deren Nachbildung sich die Erfindung befaßt, liegt darin, daß praktisch jeder Naturstein anders geformt ist als alle anderen. Zwar werden die Natursteine meist in einem viereckigen Grundformat ausgeliefert; es kommen jedoch je nach dem Ergebnis bei der Pflastersteinfertigung zusätzlich auch Natursteine mit fünf- bis gar sechseckigem Grundformat in Frage. Der Seitenlinie des Grundformats ist dabei eine durch den Steinbruch bestimmte unregelmäßige Umrißlinie eigen. Bei der Verlegung derartiger Natursteinpflaster bis hin zur Verlegung von Kopfsteinpflaster hängt es dann vom Geschick des Verlegearbeiters ab, die Natursteine unter geeigneter gegenseitiger Anpassung zum Pflaster zu verlegen.A peculiarity of natural stone paving, the reproduction of which the invention is concerned with, is that practical every natural stone is shaped differently than all others. The natural stones are usually delivered in a square basic format; However, depending on the result of the paving stone production, natural stones with a pentagonal to hexagonal basic format can also be used. The side line of the basic format has an irregular outline determined by the quarry. When laying such natural stone paving up to the laying of cobblestone, it then depends on the skill of the laying worker to lay the natural stone with suitable mutual adaptation to the paving.
Der Herstellungstechnologie von Kunststeinen andererseits ist bisher herstellungsbedingt eine Armheit, also ein Mangel an Vielfalt von Kunststeinformen pro Herstellungsprozeß eigen, so daß bei gleichzeitig gefertigten Kunststeinen bisher kaum mit einer Annäherung an Natursteinverhältnisse zu rechnen ist. Auch hat man bei der Herstellung von Kunststeinen bisher dort, wo während eines Herstellungsganges mehrere Kunststeinformen gefertigt werden, Wert auf bestimmte gegenseitige Geometrie oder Verzahnungsverhältnisse gelegt, die mit den Verhältnissen eines Natursteinpflasters nicht vergleichbar sind.The manufacturing technology of artificial stones, on the other hand, has so far been poor due to the manufacturing process, that is to say a lack of variety of artificial stone shapes per manufacturing process, so that with artificial stones being produced at the same time, an approximation to natural stone conditions can hardly be expected. Also, in the production of artificial stones, where several artificial stone molds are manufactured during a manufacturing process, emphasis has been placed on certain mutual geometry or interlocking relationships that are not comparable with the conditions of a natural stone paving.
Bei der Steinlage nach dem DE-U1-84 05 128.0 hat man zwar schon angestrebt, im Wege der üblichen Betonsteinfertigung Natursteine unter Verwendung einer Vorsatzschicht nachzuahmen und dabei insbesondere eine natursteinartig unregelmäßige äußere Umrißkontur zu gestalten. Gewonnen werden dabei jedoch nur Pflastersteine mit drei Arten viereckiger Grundformate, nämlich eines rechteckigen Grundformates und zweier trapezförmiger Grundformate, die sich paarweise zu der Rechteckform ergänzen. Das rechteckige Steinmuster der Steinlage ist dabei das Steinmuster auf einer Transportplatte, welches dem Zuordnungsmuster bei der Herstellung entspricht. Das rechteckige Steinmuster der Steinlage nach der Erfindung wird ebenso auf die Herstellung im Formkasten bzw. auf den Transport auf einer Transportplatte, oder in einer anderen Art der Paketierung, bezogen. Bei der bekannten Steinlage sind die drei unterschiedlichen Grundformate nur in den Zeilen des Musters unterschiedlich, während sie sich in den Spalten wiederholen. Es versteht sich dabei, daß man den Begriff der Zeilen und Spalten bedarfsweise austauschen kann.In the case of the stone layer according to DE-U1-84 05 128.0, attempts have already been made to imitate natural stones using a facing layer in the way of conventional concrete block manufacture, and in particular to design an irregular outer contour like a natural stone. However, only paving stones with three types of square basic formats, namely a rectangular basic format and two trapezoidal basic formats, which complement each other in pairs to form the rectangular shape, are obtained. The rectangular stone pattern of the stone layer is the stone pattern on a transport plate, which corresponds to the assignment pattern during manufacture. The rectangular stone pattern of the stone layer according to the invention is also used for production in the molding box or for transport on a transport plate, or in a different kind of packaging. In the known stone layer, the three different basic formats are only different in the rows of the pattern, while they are repeated in the columns. It goes without saying that the term rows and columns can be exchanged if necessary.
Typisch für diese bekannte Steinlage ist, daß trotz der Zielsetzung, Natursteinverhältnisse so gut wie möglich nachzuahmen, in der Art der Gestaltung der Steine und deren doch noch relativ geringer Varietät Gedankengut der normalen Formsteintechnik nicht aufgegeben ist; so sollen die Steine der bekannten Steinlage speziell bogenförmig geschwungen verlegt werden können.It is typical of this well-known stone layer that despite the objective of imitating natural stone conditions as well as possible, the way in which the stones are designed and their relatively small variety does not give up the ideas of normal stone technology; the stones of the well-known stone layer should be able to be laid in a curved shape.
Aus der EP-A-0 060 961 ist bereits ein doppelstökkiger Pflasterstein bekannt, dessen unterer Stockwerksbereich mit einem größeren Umfang als der obere Stockwerksbereich gefertigt ist, der natursteinartig ausgebildet sein kann. Wenn auch grundsätzlich jede Raumform des oberen Stockwerks in Betracht gezogen ist, so speziell auch die eines Kreissektors, ist jeweils nur die Verlegung eines einzigen Grundtypus im Verband in Betracht gezogen, wie speziell die Verlegung des Typs viereckiger Steine nur in zwei Grundformen, nämlich einer quadratischen und einer langgestreckt rechteckigen Grundform.From EP-A-0 060 961 a double-storey paving stone is already known, the lower floor area of which is made with a larger circumference than the upper floor area, which can be designed like a natural stone. Even though every spatial shape of the upper floor is considered in principle, especially that of a circular sector, only the laying of a single basic type in the association is taken into account, like the laying of the type of square stones only in two basic shapes, namely a square and an elongated rectangular basic shape.
Ebenso wie die letztgenannten Steine streben auch die Steine gemäß der FR-A-2 649 139 an, Unregelmäßigkeiten von Natursteinen in Oberfläche und Fugenverlauf nachzuahmen. Es wird jedoch nur der viereckige Grundtyp mit unterschiedlicher Kantenlänge eines grundsätzlichen Rechteckformats in Betracht gezogen, wobei lediglich die Längskanten eine von der Geraden etwas abweichende Linienführung unterschiedlicher Abweichungsart haben. Wiederum werden auch quadratische und langgestreckt rechteckige Grundformate einbezogen, die dann in Zeilen und Spalten verlegt werden können. Eine weitere Variation in Richtung einer Erhöhung der Ungleichmäßigkeit ist erreichtbar, indem man Oberseite und Unterseite des betreffenden Steins austauscht.Like the latter stones, the stones according to FR-A-2 649 139 also strive to imitate irregularities of natural stones in the surface and course of the joints. However, only the quadrangular basic type with a different edge length of a basic rectangular format is taken into account, with only the longitudinal edges having a slightly different line from the straight line of different types of deviation. Again, square and elongated rectangular basic formats are included, which can then be laid out in rows and columns. Another variation in the direction of increasing the unevenness can be achieved by exchanging the top and bottom of the stone in question.
Wie bereits angesprochen wird jedoch weder im Falle der EP-A-0 060 961 noch der FR-A-2 649 139 ein Wechsel des Grundtyps innerhalb des Verbandes in Betracht gezogen.As already mentioned, however, neither in the case of EP-A-0 060 961 nor FR-A-2 649 139 does a change of the basic type within the association be considered.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Steinlage einer Paketierungseinheit zu schaffen, die sich unter weiter optimierter Auswahl der Kunststeine der Steinlage für eine Nachahmung von Natursteinverhältnissen leicht für Paketierungs- und Versandzwecke im zusammengeschobenen Zustand seitlich greifen läßt.The invention has for its object to provide a stone layer of a packaging unit, which can be easily gripped laterally for packaging and shipping purposes in the pushed together state with further optimized selection of the artificial stones of the stone layer for imitation of natural stone conditions.
Diese Aufgabenstellung wird bei einer Steinlage gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 durch die Merkmale von dessen kennzeichnendem Teil realisiert.This task is realized in a stone layer according to the preamble of claim 1 by the features of its characterizing part.
Die Erfindung geht im Wege der Betonsteinfertigung den Weg der Annäherung an die Verhältnisse bei Natursteinen konsequent weiter, trägt dabei der natürlichen Vielfalt von Natursteinen wesentlich besser als bisher Rechnung und berücksichtigt die Vorteile der Kunststeinfertigung bzw. Erfahrungen aus der Verlegetechnik von Kunststeinen nur insoweit, wie dies ohne ernsthafte Beeinträchtigung des allgemeinen Ziels der Annäherung der Natursteinverhältnisse möglich ist.The invention continues in the way of concrete block production the way of approximating the conditions for natural stones, takes into account the natural variety of natural stones much better than before and takes into account the advantages of artificial stone production and experience from the laying technology of artificial stones only to the extent that this is the case is possible without seriously affecting the general goal of approximating natural stone conditions.
Besonders hervorzuheben ist die im Rahmen der Erfindung bereitgestellte Vielzahl von Grundformaten von Natursteinen entsprechenden Grundformaten der Kunststeine unter Einschluß auch einer Vielzahl fünfeckiger Grundformate, die sich jedoch wie bei Kunststeinen üblich weiterhin leicht fertigen, paketieren und versenden lassen. Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist es dabei im Regelfall nicht beabsichtigt, etwa die gefertigten Kunststeine in ihrer gegenseitigen Zuordnung bei ihrer Herstellung, Paketierung und Versendung auch zu verlegen. Dies ist zwar auch eine Möglichkeit, im allgemeinen ist jedoch daran gedacht, sogar Kunststeine mehrerer gleicher Steinlagen in willkürlicher Zusammenstellung als Bodenbelag von Verkehrsflächen, insbesondere im Außerhausbereich, anzuwenden. An diesem bevorzugten Anwendungsfall wird auch die allgemeine Anwendbarkeit der in erfindungsgemäßen Steinlagen jeweils zusammengefaßten Kunststeine für eine Pflasterverlegung deutlich, die nach diesem konkreten Anwendungsfall sogar in ungeordneter Zuordnung im verlegten Pflaster erfolgen kann.Particularly noteworthy is the large number of basic formats of natural stones provided in the context of the invention, corresponding basic formats of artificial stones including a large number of pentagonal basic formats, which, however, as usual with artificial stones, can still be easily manufactured, packaged and shipped. In the context of the invention, it is generally not intended to also relocate the manufactured artificial stones in their mutual assignment in their manufacture, packaging and dispatch. Although this is also an option, it is generally intended to even use artificial stones of several identical stone layers in an arbitrary combination as flooring for traffic areas, especially in the out-of-home area. In this preferred application, the general applicability of the artificial stones combined in each case in stone layers according to the invention for a Patch laying clearly, which according to this specific application can even take place in an unordered assignment in the patch being laid.
Mit den Merkmalen der Ansprüche 2 bis 6 erhält man jeweils eine weitere Verfeinerung bei der Annäherung an die Vielfalt natürlicher Steinformen. Die Merkmale der Ansprüche 7 bis 9 tragen dabei auch zur großen Steinformvarietät bei. Besondere Bedeutung kommt ihnen aber auch in einer Förderung des Zusammenhalts bei Paketierung und Transport zu, insbesondere, wenn die einzelnen Steinlagen, die aufeinander bei der Paketierung abgelegt werden, jeweils relativ zueinander um 180° gedreht werden.With the features of
Je größer die Anzahl der in einem rechteckigen Steinmuster gefertigten Kunststeine ist, um so besser ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Steinlage die Annäherung an Natursteinverhältnisse. Im Regelfall wird man dabei ganz nach Natursteinart anstreben, daß alle Kunststeine des rechteckigen Steinmusters der Steinlage voneinander verschiedenen Seitenverlauf ihrer Grundformate haben.The greater the number of artificial stones produced in a rectangular stone pattern, the better the approximation to natural stone conditions in the stone layer according to the invention. As a rule, one will strive entirely according to the type of natural stone that all artificial stones of the rectangular stone pattern of the stone layer have mutually different sides of their basic formats.
Aus dem DE-U1-91 04 635.1 ist es an sich schon bei einem Bausatz geradlinig begrenzter Betonsteine bekannt, nur an einer Ecke eines rechteckigen Steinmusters einen einzigen fünfeckigen Pflasterstein und/oder gegebenenfalls noch ein oder zwei sechseckige Pflastersteine vorzusehen, wobei nur bei dem sechseckigen Grundformat auch eine nach innen eingeknickte Ecke vorgesehen ist. Dieser bekannte Bausatz hat zum Ziel, aus den in bestimmter Weise geformten Steinen des Bausatzes Formationen und Ornamente zu bilden, nicht aber ganz unregelmäßige Beläge wie bei Natursteinpflastern. Eine Anordnung gleicher Steinzahlen in Zeilen und Spalten und damit ein vereinfachtes Greifen nach der Herstellung und zum Zwecke des Paketierens und Transportes ist auch nicht gegeben.From DE-U1-91 04 635.1 it is known per se with a kit of straight-lined concrete blocks to provide a single pentagonal paving stone and / or possibly one or two hexagonal paving stones only at one corner of a rectangular stone pattern, only with the hexagonal one Basic format is also provided a corner folded inwards. The aim of this well-known kit is to form formations and ornaments from the stones of the kit, which are shaped in a certain way, but not to create completely irregular coverings like in natural stone paving. An arrangement of the same number of stones in rows and columns and thus a simplified gripping after manufacture and for the purpose of packaging and transport is also not given.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden an einer Zeichnung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel noch näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below using a drawing using an exemplary embodiment.
Die Figur zeigt dabei eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Steinlage von Kunststeinen im Pflastersteinformat innerhalb eines von einem Formkasten vorgegebenen rechteckigen Steinmusters.The figure shows a top view of a stone layer of artificial stones according to the invention in paving stone format within a rectangular stone pattern given by a molding box.
Innerhalb eines Formkastens 2 beispielsweise mit einer Wandstärke von 15 bis 20 mm sind in acht Zeilen mit den Kennbuchstaben A-H jeweils 15 Spalten mit den Kennziffern 1-15 von Kunststeinen vorgesehen, wobei in jeder Zeile und in jeder Spalte dieselbe Anzahl von Kunststeinen vorgesehen ist. Im ganzen ergeben sich also 8 x 15 = 120 Kunststeine, die alle unterschiedlichen Umriß haben.Within a molded
Im Formkasten entspricht jedem herzustellenden Kunststein ein entsprechendes Fach, wobei die einzelnen Fächer durch Zwischenbleche 4 abgeteilt sind.In the molding box, a corresponding compartment corresponds to each artificial stone to be produced, the individual compartments being divided by
Während hier das Steinmuster langgestreckt rechteckig ist, kann in Abwandlung aber auch das rechteckige Steinmuster streng quadratisch sein.While here the stone pattern is elongated rectangular, in a modification the rectangular stone pattern can also be strictly square.
Die meisten Kunststeine haben, wie ohne weiteres ersichtlich, ein viereckiges Grundformat. Es ist eine Vielzahl fünfeckiger Grundformate vorgesehen, wie im Randbereich beispielsweise an der Position A5 und an der Position A14 oder an der Position E15 oder im Innenraum beispielsweise an der Position D5. Ein sechseckiges Grundformat ist im Innenraum beispielsweise an der Position G9 vorhanden. Die Position E10 zeigt beispielsweise einen fünfeckigen Kunststein bzw. ein entsprechendes Fach, bei dem sowohl die Winkel aller Ecken als auch der Verlauf aller Seiten des Grundformats unterschiedlich sind. Bei allen Positionen ist dem Grundformat eine natursteinartige unregelmäßige Umrißlinie überlagert, die in der Zeichnung durch unruhigen Verlauf der Umrißlinie verdeutlicht ist.Most artificial stones, as can be easily seen, have a square basic format. A large number of pentagonal basic formats are provided, for example in the edge area at position A5 and at position A14 or at position E15 or in the interior, for example at position D5. A hexagonal basic format is available in the interior, for example at position G9. Position E10 shows, for example, a pentagonal artificial stone or a corresponding compartment in which both the angles of all corners and the course of all sides of the basic format are different. In all positions the basic format is overlaid with a natural stone-like irregular outline, which is illustrated in the drawing by the restless course of the outline.
In dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten rechteckigen Steinmuster lassen sich wegen der gleichartigen Dimensionierung der Fugen zwischen den hergestellten Kunststeinen im wesentlichen, d.h. von allen Unregelmäßigkeiten abgesehen, gleichartige Fugenabstände erhalten, so daß man wegen der gleichen Anzahl von Kunststeinen pro Zeile bzw. pro Spalte die Kunststeine, die nach Entfernen der Formzwischenwand im gleichen Muster liegenbleiben, horizontal wiederum in eine rechteckige Konfiguration zusammenschieben und dann auch von der Seite her ergreifen und versetzen kann.In the rectangular stone pattern shown in the drawing, because of the identical dimensioning of the joints between the artificial stones produced, essentially the same joint spacings can be obtained, that is, apart from all irregularities, so that the artificial stones can be obtained because of the same number of artificial stones per row or per column which after removing the mold partition in the same pattern remain, can be horizontally pushed together in a rectangular configuration and then gripped and moved from the side.
Besonders hervorzuheben ist dabei, daß diese verbliebene Symmetrie nicht unbedingt dadurch erkauft ist, daß wie beispielsweise im Falle der Fuge 6 zwischen den beiden Zeilen B und C ein verhältnismäßig durchlaufender Fugenverlauf entsteht, sondern daß vielmehr wie im Falle der Fuge 8 zwischen den Spalten der Kennziffern 4 und 5 ein von Stein zu Stein stark versetzter Fugenverlauf gewonnen wird.It is particularly noteworthy that this remaining symmetry is not necessarily bought by the fact that, for example in the case of
Die gezeigten 120 natursteinähnlich unterschiedlichen Kunststeine lassen sich beispielsweise auf einer Fertigungsfläche von 700 x 1.200 mm2 fertigen. Dabei haben alle unterschiedlichen Kunststeine übliches Naturstein-Pflasterformat.The 120 different artificial stones similar to natural stone shown can be produced, for example, on a production area of 700 x 1,200 mm 2 . All different artificial stones have the usual natural stone pavement format.
Im einzelnen sind weiterhin insbesondere folgende Merkmale in dem in der Figur dargestellten rechteckigen Steinmuster verwirklicht:In particular, the following features are also realized in the rectangular stone pattern shown in the figure:
Sowohl in den Zeilen A-H als auch in den Spalten 1-15 sind Kunststeine mit voneinander verschiedenen Grundformaten vorgesehen.Both rows A-H and columns 1-15 contain artificial stones with different basic formats.
Es ist eine Vielzahl von Kunststeinen (z.B. A5,A14,E15 und D5) mit fünfeckigen Grundformaten vorgesehen, die über die Zeilen A-H und über die Spalten 1-15 des rechteckigen Steinmusters verteilt sind.A large number of artificial stones (e.g. A5, A14, E15 and D5) with pentagonal basic formats are provided, which are distributed over rows A-H and columns 1-15 of the rectangular stone pattern.
Es sind auch mehrere Kunststeine (G9,C4,D6) mit sechseckigen Grundformaten vorgesehen.There are also several artificial stones (G9, C4, D6) with hexagonal basic formats.
Mindestens ein Kunststein (z.B. H7) mit fünfeckigem Grundformat und auch mindestens ein Kunststein (z.B. D6) mit sechseckigem Grundformat weisen je eine nach innen eingeknickte Ecke auf.At least one artificial stone (e.g. H7) with a pentagonal basic format and at least one artificial stone (e.g. D6) with a hexagonal basic format each have a corner that is bent inwards.
Mindestens ein Kunststein (z.B. H6) mit viereckigem Grundformat weist einen bogenförmigen Verlauf mindestens einer Seite des Grundformats auf.At least one artificial stone (e.g. H6) with a square basic format has an arcuate course on at least one side of the basic format.
Es gibt Kunststeine (z.B. A1,A8,A12) mit viereckigen Grundformaten, welche an mindestens drei Ecken ihres Grundformats von 90° abweichende Eckwinkel haben, wobei auch Kunststeine (z.B. A8,A12) mit vier von 90° abweichenden Eckwinkeln vorgesehen sind.There are artificial stones (e.g. A1, A8, A12) with square basic formats, which at least three corners of your Basic format have corner angles deviating from 90 °, artificial stones (eg A8, A12) with four corner angles deviating from 90 ° are also provided.
Alle Kunststeine des rechteckigen Steinmusters haben voneinander verschiedenen Seitenverlauf ihrer Grundformate.All artificial stones of the rectangular stone pattern have different side courses of their basic formats.
Sowohl alle Fugen 8 zwischen benachbarten Spalten 1-15 des Steinmusters als auch manche Fugen 6 zwischen benachbarten Zeilen A-H des Steinmusters sind aus gegeneinander versetzten Abschnitten zusammengesetzt.Both all
Alle Fugen 6 zwischen Zeilen A-H und alle Fugen 8 zwischen Spalten 1-15 des rechteckigen Steinmusters haben einen von einer Geraden abweichenden Verlauf.All
Claims (14)
- Stone layer of a packing unit of a plurality of artificial stones (A1-H15) made of concrete in a paving stone format lying adjacent to each other in a rectangular stone pattern and having a plurality of varying outlines describing an outline along the sides of its respective basic format, which is similar to the irregular outline of natural stones, the artificial stones occupying at least three lines (A-H) and at least three columns (1-15) in the rectangular stone pattern and the number of artificial stones in each line (A-H) and in each column (1-15) being equal, wherein further a plurality of artificial stones (Al, E9, F15) the rectangular basic formats of which differ from that of the rectangle is provided, and wherein in the lines (A-H) artificial stones (A1-A15) with basic formats varying from each other are provided,
characterized in thatin the columns (1-15), too, artificial stones (A9-H9) having basic formats varying from each other are provided,a plurality of artificial stones (A5, A14, E15, D5) with pentangular basic formats is provided which stones are distributed over the lines (A-H) and the columns (1-15) of the rectangular stone pattern. - Stone layer according to claim 1, characterized in that there are also provided several artificial stones (G9, C4, D6) with hexagonal basic formats.
- Stone layer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one artificial stone (H7) with a pentangular basic format, preferably also at least one artificial stone (D6) with a hexagonal basic format, comprises a corner bent to the inside.
- Stone layer according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one side of the basic format of at least one artificial stone (H6) with a tetragonal basic format has a curved course.
- Stone layer according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by artificial stones (A1, A8, A12) with tetragonal basic formats having at at least three corners of their basic formats corner angles differing from 90°, wherein preferably also artificial stones (A8, A12) are provided having four corner angles differing from 90°.
- Stone layer according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that all artificial stones of the rectangular stone pattern have a side course of their basic formats differing from each other.
- Stone layer according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which joints (8) between adjacent columns (1-15) of the stone pattern are composed of offset sections, characterized in that also joints (6) between adjacent lines (A-H) of the stone pattern are composed of offset sections.
- Stone layer according to claim 7, characterized in that all joints (8) between adjacent columns (1-15) of the stone pattern are composed of offset sections.
- Stone layer according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that all joints (6) between the lines (A-H) and all joints (8) between the columns (1-15) of the rectangular stone pattern have a course each of which differs from a straight line.
- Stone layer according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the rectangular stone pattern comprises at least eight lines and fifteen columns.
- Using several equal stone layers according to one of claims 1 to 10 in an arbitrary combination of the artificial stones of the stone layers with respect to each other as a floor covering of traffic areas.
- Process for manufacturing packet units with at least one stone layer according to one of claims 1 to 10 by means of a press and jolt mould comprising a production pallet, a moulding box (2) which can be lifted off the mould and is divided into compartments, and a moulding die arrangement acting upon the individual compartments, by filling the compartments with a raw material for artificial stones, pressing and jolting until the compartments are filled without any cavities left and at the same time profiling the surface, removing the moulding die and the moulding box, transporting the mouldings on the production pallet in the arrangement given during the moulding process to a hardening place, pushing together the obtained artificial stones to obtain a rectangular stone pattern, gripping the artificial stones pushed together as a stone layer from at least two opposite sides and packing them in this combination, preferably in several stone layers obtained in different moulding processes,
characterized in that in the compartments of the moulding box a multi-line and multi-column layout with varying outlines, which are similar to the outlines of natural stones, of the sides and/or corners of the artificial stones corresponding to the arrangement of the artificial stones in a stone layer according to one of claims 1 to 10 is preformed and optionally a varying shape of the upper side of the artificial stones is given by means of the moulding dies. - Process according to claim 12, characterized in that in the process of packing stone layers obtained in different moulding processes the orientation of the stone layers one on top of the other is respectively changed by 180°.
- Moulding box for carrying out the process according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the compartments of the moulding box (2) preform a multi-layer and multi-column layout with varying outlines, which are similar to the outlines of natural stones, of the sides and/or corners of the artificial stones of a stone layer according to one of claims 1 to 10.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4243963 | 1992-12-23 | ||
| DE4243963 | 1992-12-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0603807A1 EP0603807A1 (en) | 1994-06-29 |
| EP0603807B1 true EP0603807B1 (en) | 1996-09-11 |
Family
ID=6476460
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93120554A Expired - Lifetime EP0603807B1 (en) | 1992-12-23 | 1993-12-20 | Stonelayer of a packaging unit, its use, method for making and packing same and mould |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0603807B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE142727T1 (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ198694A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59303752D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994015025A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10336484B4 (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2012-05-31 | Kann Gmbh Baustoffwerke | Delivery set of flooring elements made of artificial stone material |
| PL1812647T3 (en) | 2004-10-25 | 2014-09-30 | Oldcastle Building Prod Canada | An artificial flagstone for providing a surface with a natural random look |
| PL3258012T3 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2020-04-30 | Les Matériaux De Construction Oldcastle Canada Inc. | Artificial stone |
| WO2013188971A1 (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2013-12-27 | Oldcastle Building Products Canada Inc. | Dual-unit paving system |
| US9315950B2 (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2016-04-19 | Oldcastle Architectural, Inc. | Paving stones |
| DE102016203494A1 (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-07-20 | Ventur GmbH | Adapter device for a tower and method of manufacture |
| US10753101B1 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2020-08-25 | Baton, LLC | Artificial lightweight stone |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2474654A (en) * | 1948-02-02 | 1949-06-28 | David F Carlson | Method of manufacturing artificial stone walls |
| US3427936A (en) * | 1966-08-01 | 1969-02-18 | Meij Antonius J Van Der | Method for paving a street |
| DE3163465D1 (en) * | 1981-03-25 | 1984-06-14 | Rolf Scheiwiller | Paving stone and device for its manufacture |
| DE8405128U1 (en) * | 1984-02-20 | 1984-04-05 | Beton-Gandlgruber GmbH, 8261 Teising | Stone kit for the creation of paving laid in arches |
| FR2649139B1 (en) * | 1989-06-30 | 1991-09-27 | Glanre Gaillard Ind | MOLDED CONCRETE PAVERS, AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
-
1993
- 1993-12-20 CZ CZ941986A patent/CZ198694A3/en unknown
- 1993-12-20 AT AT93120554T patent/ATE142727T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-12-20 WO PCT/EP1993/003617 patent/WO1994015025A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-12-20 DE DE59303752T patent/DE59303752D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-20 EP EP93120554A patent/EP0603807B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE142727T1 (en) | 1996-09-15 |
| DE59303752D1 (en) | 1996-10-17 |
| WO1994015025A1 (en) | 1994-07-07 |
| EP0603807A1 (en) | 1994-06-29 |
| CZ198694A3 (en) | 1995-03-15 |
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