EP0601511B1 - Method and device for impact crushing of solid particles - Google Patents

Method and device for impact crushing of solid particles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0601511B1
EP0601511B1 EP93119613A EP93119613A EP0601511B1 EP 0601511 B1 EP0601511 B1 EP 0601511B1 EP 93119613 A EP93119613 A EP 93119613A EP 93119613 A EP93119613 A EP 93119613A EP 0601511 B1 EP0601511 B1 EP 0601511B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
suspension
solid particles
fluid
fluid jet
container
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EP93119613A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0601511A1 (en
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Roland Dr.-Ing. Nied
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/06Jet mills

Definitions

  • EP 0300402 B1 deals with the generation of extremely small particles in such a way that the particles to be crushed, which already have a relatively small mass, initially in be suspended in a fluid and this suspension out Fluid with particles suspended therein for impact is brought to an area, but measures are provided with which the impact energy increases becomes. For this purpose, the suspension becomes drop-shaped Suspended subsets taken, which in turn cause impact be induced on the area. That kind of Impact crushing is based on the consideration that the comminution of particles is only successful can be if the mass of the particles to be broken down does not fall below a certain limit.
  • any of these Droplet is of the same kind from each other Droplets separated and the mass of these droplets now in turn entrained by a carrier fluid stream and brought to impact on the baffle.
  • a carrier fluid stream Instead of individual Solid particles that flow directly from a carrier fluid carried away and inadequate because of their small mass brought to impact on the impact surface and accordingly everyone will be crushed inadequately Solid particles first of all become part of a Droplets of larger mass made that with much higher energy is impacted and as a result The impact energy so increased can also solid particles extremely small mass can be smashed even further.
  • the first fluid usually becomes a liquid
  • the second fluid ie the carrier fluid
  • the carrier fluid be a gas
  • the Suspension of liquid and solid particles suspended in it with only a small mass is in a container contained and in this container and thus in the suspension a gas stream with high energy is blown in Droplets from subsets of liquid and those contained therein Entrains solid particles and in the manner described makes you bounce.
  • the first option is largely the one already described Technology in which the of a gas stream entrained partial suspension of liquid droplets and contained them in the smallest possible number Solid particles on a baffle is made to hit.
  • the second option is a modification in the Way that in the container with the suspension a suspension is introduced after beforehand with a fluid with high flow energy has been provided to a crushing in the Container through energy exchange between solid particles the one remaining in the container and the one with high flow energy introduced into the container
  • the effect then special is achieved favorably if several against each other directed high energy gas jets the impact crushing means at least two suspension subsets accelerated against each other is carried out.
  • the present invention is based on the consideration that regardless of which of the two ways to apply comes, a breakdown of solid particles already comes about within or within everyone Impact crushing takes place by Solid particles within the respective partial suspension amount meet and thus smash each other or disassemble.
  • the reasoning continues that the Possibility of this type of impact crushing within one Fluid jet of fluid and solid particles with increasing Distance from the beam source increases because within the There is a certain amount of turbulence that the clashing takes place favored by solid particles, that, however, the jet and thus also between solid particles exchanged energy with increasing distance of the beam from the beam source decreases and that finally in the area of the entry of the carrier fluid in the suspension in the form of an energy beam there are still few solid particles in the jet, that can meet and smash each other.
  • the object of the present invention is derived from this which consists of the impact crushing in the high energy Suspension partial quantity jet on one if possible promote long length of the beam and in particular already the possibility directly in the area of the radiation source for impact crushing of solid particles create.
  • a fluid 2 in which it can be a gas or a liquid (Fig. 1).
  • Solid particles 3 are suspended in this fluid, so that the container 1 a suspension 4 from in a fluid 2 suspended solid particles 3.
  • the diameter of a single one of the many solid particles 3 can be between 1 and 5 microns, preferably is its diameter, however, is already less than 1 ⁇ m.
  • By appropriate manipulation can, but does not have to, as few solid particles as possible with a specific one Fluid amount coagulated into a drop, its diameter should be around 50 ⁇ m. This results in, that, as mentioned, the fluid 2 is a gas or a liquid can act, but it is preferred is a liquid.
  • the fast fluid jets 9, 10 are preferably gas jets, without being exclusive and necessary have to.
  • the solid particles are broken down exclusively through energy exchange between the solid particles, with the problem particularly clearly shows that an energy exchange takes place only in one certain distance from the nozzles 7,8 where the energy of the gas jets is already a certain reduction has experienced that naturally directly at the nozzle outlet is greatest. That becomes with the state of the art Accepted because there is no exchange of energy between Solid particles is thought to go beyond a certain Distance from the nozzles in each of the fast gas jets are incorporated.
  • the primary thought is one Energy exchange between particles, one of the gas jets are to be assigned and particles that the other of the two gas jets can be assigned.
  • the present invention is now concerned so that an energy exchange between solid particles immediately after the discharge of fluid jets from one or more nozzles. Because of that are immediately following the respective fluid jet after leaving the respective nozzle, additional solid particles supplied with the exiting from the nozzle Suspension beam into an active connection and an energy exchange with those in the suspension jet immediately after the solid particles already contained in the nozzle occur (Fig. 1) or in an energy exchange kick with the solid particles caused by the fast Fluid jets from leaving the at least one nozzle 7,8 step on (Fig. 2).
  • the additional solid particles can now be different Be made available, particularly appropriate however, is to provide them as part of a suspension, those before insertion in the area of the nozzles 7.8 is removed from the suspension 4.
  • a housing 12 is one at one end that is the nozzle outlet is arranged on the outside tapering tube 13, whose inside diameter is constant.
  • This tube 13 occurs through the outlet end of the housing with a defined Radial play out, but without a federal approach projecting the housing.
  • Via a radial inlet 14 becomes the annular space 15 between the tube 13 and the housing 12 introduced a fluid in which granules are suspended.
  • a blade ring 16 ensures that the suspension Annulus 15 in such a way that it leaves the pipe 13 emerging fluid flow concentrically and evenly surrounds and thereby even with the fluid flow from the Tube 13 is mixed, insofar as this does not cause this fluid flow substantial energy is withdrawn.
  • FIG. 3 can be, for example, the nozzle 11 of the system Fig. 1, according to each of the two nozzles 7,8 of the system Fig. 2 or one and then only one of the nozzles 7.8 in an investment that is basically in accordance with the investment FIG. 2 corresponds, but with one of the designs shown in FIG. 3 Nozzles 7 or 8 get along because they meet of solid particles of suspension 4 with solid particles 3 an energy exchange in the exit jet of the nozzle takes place, which leads to a particle decomposition.
  • the suspension 4 from one Gas and solid particles or from a liquid with To let solid particles exist.
  • it is a suspension of a liquid and solid particles.
  • a gas or a liquid is brought out from the tube 13 of the nozzle shown in FIG. 3, a gas or a liquid is brought out.
  • a gas or a liquid is brought out.
  • it is a gas.
  • the exiting from the tube 13 Fluid is accelerated to flow through the tube 14 entrained suspension entrained, accelerated and give her the necessary energy.
  • the pipe 14 for entry into the nozzle according to FIG. 3 induced suspension can be a gas or a liquid with solid particles suspended therein.
  • she can can be prepared in any way. Preferably acts it is a liquid with solid particles suspended in it.
  • this suspension is preferred taken from container 1 or 6, i.e. is a subset the suspension 4 taken in the container 1 or 6 and is returned to the container.
  • the invention is particularly effective when the first fluid with the solid particles to be broken down, 2 in the case of FIG. 2, the suspension 4, already have a significant proportion of solid particles contains only a small mass, as is the case with modern classifiers the case is because these only want extremely fine visual goods is removed, that is, the material returned to the mill Good still a high proportion of relatively finely ground Contains well.

Description

Bei der Prallzerkleinerung in ihrer häufig anzutreffenden Ausbildung werden Feststoffpartikel von einem Gasstrom mitgerissen und durch Aufprall auf eine Prallfläche in mehrere kleinere Partikel mit entsprechend geringerer Masse zerlegt.With the impact crushing in their frequently encountered Training becomes solid particles from a gas stream carried away and by impact on a baffle in several smaller particles with correspondingly smaller ones Disassembled mass.

EP 0300402 B1 behandelt die Erzeugung extrem kleiner Partikel in der Weise, daß die zu zerkleinernden Partikel, die schon relativ geringe Masse haben, zunächst zwar in einem Fluid suspendiert werden und diese Suspension aus Fluid mit darin suspendierten Partikeln zum Aufprallen auf eine Fläche gebracht wird, dabei jedoch Maßnahmen vorgesehen sind, mit denen die Aufprallenergie erhöht wird. Aus der Suspension werden hierzu tropfenförmige Suspensionsteilmengen entnommen, die ihrerseits zum Aufprallen auf die Fläche veranlaßt werden. Dieser Art der Prallzerkleinerung liegt die Überlegung zugrunde, daß die Zerkleinerung von Partikeln nur dann mit Erfolg bewirkt werden kann, wenn die Masse der zu zerlegenden Partikel einen bestimmten Grenzwert nicht unterschreitet. Haben die zu zerkleinernden Partikel eine zu geringe Masse, so besteht die Gefahr, daß sie gar nicht wirklich auf der Prallfläche auftreffen, sondern mit dem Fluidstrom noch vor der Prallfläche abgeleitet werden, allenfalls mit sehr geringer Energie auf die Prallfläche auftreffen und im Auftreffen als Teile der Suspension mit dieser zur Seite abgelenkt und parallel zur Prallfläche an dieser entlang geführt werden. Es wird deshalb vorgeschlagen, die zu zerkleinernden Feststoffpartikel nicht einfach in einem Fluid zu suspendieren und die so gebildete Suspension zum Auftreffen auf der Prallfläche zu veranlassen, sondern die Feststoffpartikel in ein erstes Fluid zu suspendieren, dann aus dieser Suspension Tröpfchen zu bilden, wobei jedes Tröpfchen aus einem Fluidanteil besteht, in dem allenfalls einige wenige Feststoffpartikel enthalten sind. Jedes dieser Tröpfchen wird von den jeweils anderen gleichartigen Tröpfchen separiert und die Masse dieser Tröpfchen wird nun ihrerseits von einem Trägerfluidstrom mitgerissen und zum Aufprall auf der Prallfläche gebracht. Statt einzelner Feststoffpartikel, die unmittelbar von einem Trägerfluidstrom mitgerissen und wegen ihrer geringen Masse nur unzulänglich zum Aufprall auf der Prallfläche gebracht und entsprechend unzulänglich zerkleinert werden, wird also jeder Feststoffpartikel zunächst einmal zum Bestandteil eines Tröpfchens größerer Masse gemacht, das mit wesentlich höherer Energie zum Aufprall gebracht wird und infolge der so erhöhten Aufprallenergie können auch Feststoffpartikel extrem kleiner Masse noch weiter zertrümmert werden.EP 0300402 B1 deals with the generation of extremely small particles in such a way that the particles to be crushed, which already have a relatively small mass, initially in be suspended in a fluid and this suspension out Fluid with particles suspended therein for impact is brought to an area, but measures are provided with which the impact energy increases becomes. For this purpose, the suspension becomes drop-shaped Suspended subsets taken, which in turn cause impact be induced on the area. That kind of Impact crushing is based on the consideration that the comminution of particles is only successful can be if the mass of the particles to be broken down does not fall below a certain limit. If the particles to be crushed are too small in mass, so there is a risk that they are not really on the Impact surface, but still with the fluid flow in front of the impact surface, if necessary with impinging very little energy on the impact surface and in the impact as parts of the suspension with it deflected to the side and parallel to the baffle on this are led along. It is therefore proposed that solid particles to be ground not simply in one Suspend fluid and the suspension thus formed for To cause impact on the baffle, but the Suspend solid particles in a first fluid, then droplets form from this suspension, each Droplet consists of a fluid portion in which at most a few solid particles are contained. Any of these Droplet is of the same kind from each other Droplets separated and the mass of these droplets now in turn entrained by a carrier fluid stream and brought to impact on the baffle. Instead of individual Solid particles that flow directly from a carrier fluid carried away and inadequate because of their small mass brought to impact on the impact surface and accordingly everyone will be crushed inadequately Solid particles first of all become part of a Droplets of larger mass made that with much higher energy is impacted and as a result The impact energy so increased can also solid particles extremely small mass can be smashed even further.

In der Praxis werden das erste Fluid meist eine Flüssigkeit, das zweite Fluid, also das Trägerfluid, ein Gas sein. Die Suspension aus Flüssigkeit und darin suspendierten Feststoffpartikeln mit nur geringer Masse ist in einem Behälter enthalten und in diesen Behälter und damit in die Suspension wird ein Gasstrom mit hoher Energie eingeblasen, der Tröpfchen aus Flüssigkeitsteilmengen und darin befindlichen Feststoffpartikeln mitreißt und in der beschriebenen Weise zum Aufprallen bringt. In practice, the first fluid usually becomes a liquid, the second fluid, ie the carrier fluid, be a gas. The Suspension of liquid and solid particles suspended in it with only a small mass is in a container contained and in this container and thus in the suspension a gas stream with high energy is blown in Droplets from subsets of liquid and those contained therein Entrains solid particles and in the manner described makes you bounce.

Dies führt nun zu zwei verschiedenen Möglichkeiten der Realisierung der Prallzerkleinerung.This now leads to two different ways of realizing it the impact crushing.

Die erste Möglichkeit ist weitgehend die schon beschriebene Technik, bei der die von einem Gasstrom mitgerissene Suspensionsteilmenge aus Flüssigkeitströpfchen und darin in möglichst geringer Zahl enthaltenen Feststoffpartikeln auf einer Prallplatte zum Auftreffen gebracht wird.The first option is largely the one already described Technology in which the of a gas stream entrained partial suspension of liquid droplets and contained them in the smallest possible number Solid particles on a baffle is made to hit.

Die zweite Möglichkeit ist eine Abwandlung in der Weise, daß in den Behälter mit der Suspension eine Suspension eingebracht wird, nachdem sie vorher mit einem Fluid mit hoher Strömungsenergie versehen- worden ist, um eine Prallzerkleinerung im Behälter durch Energieaustausch zwischen Feststoffpartikeln der im Behälter verbliebenen und der mit hoher Strömungsenergie in den Behälter eingeführten Suspension zu bewirken, wobei die Wirkung dann besonders günstig erzielt wird, wenn mehrere gegeneinander gerichtete Gasstrahlen hoher Energie eingeblasen werden, die Prallzerkleinerung also mittels mindestens zweier gegeneinander beschleunigter Suspensionsteilmengen durchgeführt wird.The second option is a modification in the Way that in the container with the suspension a suspension is introduced after beforehand with a fluid with high flow energy has been provided to a crushing in the Container through energy exchange between solid particles the one remaining in the container and the one with high flow energy introduced into the container To effect suspension, the effect then special is achieved favorably if several against each other directed high energy gas jets the impact crushing means at least two suspension subsets accelerated against each other is carried out.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt nun die Überlegung zugrunde, daß unabhängig davon, welche der beiden Möglichkeiten zur Anwendung kommt, eine Zertrümmerung von Feststoffpartikeln bereits dadurch zustande kommt, daß innerhalb der oder jeder Suspensionsteilmenge eine Prallzerkleinerung stattfindet, indem Feststoffpartikel innerhalb der jeweiligen Suspensionsteilmenge aufeinandertreffen und sich so gegenseitig zertrümmern bzw. zerlegen. Die Überlegung geht weiter dahin, daß die Möglichkeit dieser Art der Prallzerkleinerung innerhalb eines Fluidstrahls aus Fluid und Feststoffpartikeln mit zunehmender Entfernung von der Strahlquelle zunimmt, weil innerhalb des Strahls eine gewisse Verwirbelung stattfindet, die das Aufeinandertreffen von Feststoffpartikeln begünstigt, daß jedoch die Strahl- und damit auch die zwischen Feststoffpartikeln ausgetauschte Energie mit zunehmender Entfernung des Strahls von der Strahlquelle abnimmt und daß schließlich im Bereich des Eintritts des Trägerfluids in die Suspension in der Form eines energiereichen Strahls im Strahl noch wenig Feststoffpartikel enthalten sind, die aufeinandertreffen und sich zertrümmern können.The present invention is based on the consideration that regardless of which of the two ways to apply comes, a breakdown of solid particles already comes about within or within everyone Impact crushing takes place by Solid particles within the respective partial suspension amount meet and thus smash each other or disassemble. The reasoning continues that the Possibility of this type of impact crushing within one Fluid jet of fluid and solid particles with increasing Distance from the beam source increases because within the There is a certain amount of turbulence that the clashing takes place favored by solid particles, that, however, the jet and thus also between solid particles exchanged energy with increasing distance of the beam from the beam source decreases and that finally in the area of the entry of the carrier fluid in the suspension in the form of an energy beam there are still few solid particles in the jet, that can meet and smash each other.

Daraus leitet sich die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ab, die darin besteht, die Prallzerkleinerung im energiereichen Suspensionsteilmengenstrahl auf einer möglichst großen Länge des Strahls zu fördern und insbesondere bereits unmittelbar im Bereich der Strahlquelle die Möglichkeit zur Prallzerkleinerung von Feststoffpartikeln zu schaffen.The object of the present invention is derived from this which consists of the impact crushing in the high energy Suspension partial quantity jet on one if possible promote long length of the beam and in particular already the possibility directly in the area of the radiation source for impact crushing of solid particles create.

Der Lösung dieser Aufgabe dienen die Merkmale der Patentansprüche.The features of the claims serve to solve this problem.

Mit der Definition der Erfindung in den Ansprüchen, insbesondere im Anspruch 1, geht hervor, daß in die Suspension aus einem Fluid und darin suspendierten Feststoffpartikeln nicht nur einfach ein zweites Fluid hoher Energie eintritt, sondern daß dieser Zweitfluidstrom bereits eine Teilmenge der zu zerkleinernden Feststoffpartikel enthält, die bereits durch Energieaustausch untereinander sich wechselseitig zertrümmern könnten, worauf es aber gar nicht so sehr ankommt. Wichtiger ist vielmehr, daß der energiereiche Fluidstrahl, in den mit Feststoffpartikeln durchsetztes erstes Fluid zum Eintreten veranlaßt wird, Feststoffpartikel enthält, die eine sehr hohe dynamische Energie haben und mit dieser hohen dynamischen Energie auf die neu eintretenden Feststoffpartikel auftreffen und diese in einem Bereich zerlegen können, in dem bisher eine solche Zerlegung überhaupt noch nicht möglich war und daß diese Zerlegung in dem neu erschlossenen Bereich sogar besonders wirksam erfolgt.With the definition of the invention in the claims, in particular in claim 1, it appears that in the suspension from a fluid and solid particles suspended therein not just a second high energy fluid occurs, but that this second fluid flow is already a Contains part of the solid particles to be comminuted, which are already mutually reciprocal through energy exchange could smash, but it's not like that very popular. Rather, it is more important that the high-energy Fluid jet, in which is interspersed with solid particles first fluid is caused to enter solid particles contains that have a very high dynamic energy and with this high dynamic energy on the new ones Impact solid particles and these in one area can disassemble, in the hitherto such dissection at all was not yet possible and that this breakdown into the newly developed area is particularly effective he follows.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung noch näher erläutert.The invention is described below with reference to the drawing explained in more detail.

In einem Behälter 1 befindet sich ein Fluid 2, bei dem es sich um ein Gas oder eine Flüssigkeit handeln kann (Fig. 1). In dieses Fluid sind Feststoffpartikel 3 suspendiert, so daß der Behälter 1 eine Suspension 4 aus in einem Fluid 2 suspendierten Feststoffpartikeln 3 aufnimmt. Der Durchmesser eines einzelnen der vielen Feststoffpartikel 3 kann zwischen 1 und 5 µm liegen, vorzugsweise liegt sein Durchmesser jedoch sogar bereits unter 1µm. Durch entsprechende Manipulation können, müssen aber nicht, möglichst wenige Feststoffpartikel mit einer bestimmten Fluidmenge zu einem Tropfen koaguliert sein, dessen Durchmesser bei etwa 50 µm liegen sollte. Daraus ergibt sich, daß es sich, wie erwähnt, bei dem Fluid 2 um ein Gas oder eine Flüssigkeit handeln kann, daß es sich aber bevorzugt um eine Flüssigkeit handelt. Die Vielzahl derartiger Einzelpartikel aus möglichst wenigen Feststoffpartikeln in einer Fluidteilmenge, die Tropfenform hat, werden nun über eine Zerstäuberdüse 11 mit großer Energie auf einer Prallfläche 5 zum Aufprall gebracht, wodurch die Feststoffpartikel in eine Vielzahl kleinerer Partikel zerlegt werden. Bei der Alternative gemäß Fig. 2 werden in einen zylindrischen Behälter 6 über zwei einander gegenüberliegende Düsen 7,8 zwei Fluidstrahlen 9,10 in die Suspension 4 aus Fluid und im Fluid suspendierten Feststoffpartikeln als schnelle Fluidstrahlen eingeblasen, wodurch Feststoffpartikel veranlaßt werden, aufeinanderzuprallen und durch den dabei erfolgenden Energieaustausch in entsprechend kleinere Partikel zerlegt zu werden.In a container 1 there is a fluid 2 in which it can be a gas or a liquid (Fig. 1). Solid particles 3 are suspended in this fluid, so that the container 1 a suspension 4 from in a fluid 2 suspended solid particles 3. The diameter of a single one of the many solid particles 3 can be between 1 and 5 microns, preferably is its diameter, however, is already less than 1 µm. By appropriate manipulation can, but does not have to, as few solid particles as possible with a specific one Fluid amount coagulated into a drop, its diameter should be around 50 µm. This results in, that, as mentioned, the fluid 2 is a gas or a liquid can act, but it is preferred is a liquid. The multitude of such individual particles from as few solid particles as possible in one Fluid subset, which is in the form of drops, are now over a Atomizer nozzle 11 with high energy on an impact surface 5 brought to impact, causing the solid particles in a large number of smaller particles are broken down. In the Alternatives according to Fig. 2 are in a cylindrical Container 6 via two opposing nozzles 7,8 two fluid jets 9, 10 in the suspension 4 of fluid and Solid particles suspended in the fluid as fast Fluid jets are blown in, causing solid particles to collide and by doing so energy exchange takes place in correspondingly smaller ones Particles to be disassembled.

So wie das Fluid 2 in beiden Fällen bevorzugt, aber nicht ausschließlich und notwendigerweise eine Flüssigkeit ist, sind die schnellen Fluidstrahlen 9,10 bevorzugt Gasstrahlen, ohne daß sie das ausschließlich und notwendigerweise sein müssen.Like the fluid 2 preferred in both cases, but not is exclusively and necessarily a liquid, the fast fluid jets 9, 10 are preferably gas jets, without being exclusive and necessary have to.

Im Fall der Fig. 1 erfolgt die Zerlegung der Partikel 3 weit überwiegend durch den Aufprall auf der starren Prallfläche 5. In wesentlich geringerem aber durchaus beachtenswertem Maße könnte auch bereits im Bereich zwischen der Zerstäuberdüse 11 und der Prallfläche 5 eine Zerlegung der Feststoffpartikel in Feststoffpartikel kleinerer Größe durch Energieaustausch zwischen den Feststoffpartikeln erfolgen und zwar umsomehr, je mehr sich die Suspension aus Fluid und Feststoffpartikeln von der Zerstäuberdüse entfernt und der Prallfläche nähert, weil dabei die unmittelbar nach der Düse völlig geordnete Strömung zunehmend ungeordnet wird, soweit dies mit Rücksicht auf die eigentliche Wirkung an der Prallfläche vertretbar ist.In the case of FIG. 1, the particles 3 are broken down largely due to the impact on the rigid impact surface 5. In much less, but definitely noteworthy Dimensions could already be in the range between Atomizer nozzle 11 and the baffle 5 a disassembly of the Solid particles in smaller size solid particles through energy exchange between the solid particles take place and the more the suspension is made up Fluid and solid particles removed from the atomizer nozzle and approaches the baffle because doing so directly flow completely ordered after the nozzle increasingly disordered as far as this is with regard to the actual Effect on the baffle is acceptable.

Bei der Lösung nach Fig. 2 erfolgt die Zerlegung der Feststoffpartikel ausschließlich durch Energieaustausch zwischen den Feststoffpartikeln, wobei sich das Problem besonders deutlich zeigt, daß ein Energieaustausch erst in einer gewissen Entfernung von den Düsen 7,8 erfolgen kann, wo die Energie der Gasstrahlen schon eine gewisse Minderung erfahren hat, die natürlicherweise unmittelbar am Düsenauslaß am größten ist. Das wird beim Stand der Technik hingenommen, weil ja an keinen Energieaustausch zwischen Feststoffpartikeln gedacht ist, die ab einer gewissen Entfernung von den Düsen in jeden der schnellen Gasstrahlen inkorporiert sind. Gedacht ist dabei primär an einen Energieaustausch zwischen Partikeln, die einem der Gasstrahlen zuzuordnen sind und Partikeln, die dem anderen der beiden Gasstrahlen zuzuordnen sind.In the solution according to FIG. 2, the solid particles are broken down exclusively through energy exchange between the solid particles, with the problem particularly clearly shows that an energy exchange takes place only in one certain distance from the nozzles 7,8 where the energy of the gas jets is already a certain reduction has experienced that naturally directly at the nozzle outlet is greatest. That becomes with the state of the art Accepted because there is no exchange of energy between Solid particles is thought to go beyond a certain Distance from the nozzles in each of the fast gas jets are incorporated. The primary thought is one Energy exchange between particles, one of the gas jets are to be assigned and particles that the other of the two gas jets can be assigned.

Die vorliegende Erfindung befaßt sich nun aber gerade damit, daß ein Energieaustausch zwischen Feststoffpartikeln schon unmittelbar nach dem Austritt von Fluidstrahlen aus einer oder mehreren Düsen erfolgt. Deswegen werden dem jeweiligen Fluidstrahl schon unmittelbar nach dem Verlassen der jeweiligen Düse zusätzliche Feststoffpartikel zugeführt, die mit dem aus der Düse austretenden Suspensionsstrahl in eine Wirkverbindung und einen Energieaustausch mit den im Suspensionsstrahl unmittelbar nach dem Verlassen der Düse bereits enthaltenen Feststoffpartikeln treten (Fig. 1) oder die in einen Energieaustausch mit den Feststoffpartikeln treten, die durch die schnellen Fluidstrahlen von deren Verlassen der zumindest einen Düse 7,8 an treten (Fig. 2).However, the present invention is now concerned so that an energy exchange between solid particles immediately after the discharge of fluid jets from one or more nozzles. Because of that are immediately following the respective fluid jet after leaving the respective nozzle, additional solid particles supplied with the exiting from the nozzle Suspension beam into an active connection and an energy exchange with those in the suspension jet immediately after the solid particles already contained in the nozzle occur (Fig. 1) or in an energy exchange kick with the solid particles caused by the fast Fluid jets from leaving the at least one nozzle 7,8 step on (Fig. 2).

Letzteres zeigt, daß die Erfindung in der Praxis so ausgelegt werden kann, daß auch bei der Anordnung nach Fig. 2 gar nicht der Energieaustausch zwischen Partikeln erfolgen muß, die zwei schnellen Fluidstrahlen zuzuordnen sind, sondern daß die angestrebte Zerlegung von Feststoffpartikeln mit den zusätzlich einzubringenden Feststoffpartikeln bereits dann erfolgen kann, wenn nur eine der Düsen 7,8 vorgesehen ist, wie die Erfindung, gleichsam selbstverständlich auch dann einsetzbar ist, wenn bei der Anordnung gemäß Fig. 2 mehr als zwei Düsen vorgesehen sind. The latter shows that the invention is designed in practice can be that even in the arrangement of FIG. 2nd there is no energy exchange between particles at all must be assigned to the two fast fluid jets, but that the desired breakdown of solid particles with the additional solid particles to be introduced can then take place if only one of the nozzles 7, 8 is provided Like the invention, it goes without saying can also be used if according to the arrangement Fig. 2 more than two nozzles are provided.

Die zusätzlichen Feststoffpartikel können nun auf verschiedene Weise zur Verfügung gestellt werden, besonders zweckmäßig ist es jedoch, sie als Teile einer Suspension bereitzustellen, die vor der Einbringung im Bereich der Düsen 7,8 aus der Suspension 4 entnommen wird.The additional solid particles can now be different Be made available, particularly appropriate however, is to provide them as part of a suspension, those before insertion in the area of the nozzles 7.8 is removed from the suspension 4.

Eine Mischdüse, die bei der Erfindung besonders zweckmäßig einsetzbar ist, ist in Fig. 3 als Mittellängsschnitt dargestellt.A mixing nozzle that is particularly useful in the invention is used, is shown in Fig. 3 as a central longitudinal section.

In einem Gehäuse 12 ist ein am einen Ende, das der Düsenauslaß ist, sich außen verjüngendes Rohr 13 angeordnet, dessen Innendurchmesser konstant ist. Dieses Rohr 13 tritt durch das auslaßseitige Ende des Gehäuses mit definiertem Radialspiel aus, ohne jedoch über einen bundartigen Ansatz des Gehäuses vorzustehen. Über einen radialen Einlaß 14 wird dem Ringraum 15 zwischen dem Rohr 13 und dem Gehäuse 12 ein Fluid eingeleitet, in dem Granulat suspendiert ist. Ein Schaufelkranz 16 sorgt dafür, daß die Suspension den Ringraum 15 in der Weise verläßt, daß es den aus dem Rohr 13 austretenden Fluidstrom konzentrisch und gleichmäßig umgibt und dabei sich sogar mit dem Fluidstrom aus dem Rohr 13 vermischt, soweit diesem Fluidstrom dadurch nicht wesentlich Energie entzogen wird. Bei der Düse gemäß Fig. 3 kann es sich beispielsweise um die Düse 11 der Anlage gemäß Fig. 1, um jede der beiden Düsen 7,8 der Anlage gemäß Fig. 2 oder um eine und dann einzige der Düsen 7,8 in einer Anlage handeln, die grundsätzlich der Anlage gemäß Fig. 2 entspricht, jedoch mit einer der gemäß Fig. 3 ausgestalteten Düsen 7 oder 8 auskommt, weil im Zusammentreffen von Feststoffpartikeln der Suspension 4 mit Feststoffpartikeln im Austrittsstrahl der Düse gemäß Fig. 3 ein Energieaustausch erfolgt, der zu einer Partikelzerlegung führt. In a housing 12 is one at one end that is the nozzle outlet is arranged on the outside tapering tube 13, whose inside diameter is constant. This tube 13 occurs through the outlet end of the housing with a defined Radial play out, but without a federal approach projecting the housing. Via a radial inlet 14 becomes the annular space 15 between the tube 13 and the housing 12 introduced a fluid in which granules are suspended. A blade ring 16 ensures that the suspension Annulus 15 in such a way that it leaves the pipe 13 emerging fluid flow concentrically and evenly surrounds and thereby even with the fluid flow from the Tube 13 is mixed, insofar as this does not cause this fluid flow substantial energy is withdrawn. In the nozzle according to FIG. 3 can be, for example, the nozzle 11 of the system Fig. 1, according to each of the two nozzles 7,8 of the system Fig. 2 or one and then only one of the nozzles 7.8 in an investment that is basically in accordance with the investment FIG. 2 corresponds, but with one of the designs shown in FIG. 3 Nozzles 7 or 8 get along because they meet of solid particles of suspension 4 with solid particles 3 an energy exchange in the exit jet of the nozzle takes place, which leads to a particle decomposition.

Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, die Suspension 4 aus einem Gas und Feststoffpartikeln oder aus einer Flüssigkeit mit Feststoffpartikeln bestehen zu lassen. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich um eine Suspension aus einer Flüssigkeit und Feststoffpartikeln.Basically, it is possible to make the suspension 4 from one Gas and solid particles or from a liquid with To let solid particles exist. Preferably acts it is a suspension of a liquid and solid particles.

Aus dem Rohr 13 der Düse gemäß Fig. 3 kann ein Gas oder eine Flüssigkeit zum Austritt gebracht werden. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich um ein Gas. Das aus dem Rohr 13 austretende Fluid ist so beschleunigt, daß es die durch das Rohr 14 in den Ringraum eingebrachte Suspension mitreißt, beschleunigt und ihr die notwendige Energie vermittelt.From the tube 13 of the nozzle shown in FIG. 3, a gas or a liquid is brought out. Preferably it is a gas. The exiting from the tube 13 Fluid is accelerated to flow through the tube 14 entrained suspension entrained, accelerated and give her the necessary energy.

Die über das Rohr 14 zum Eintritt in die Düse gemäß Fig. 3 veranlaßte Suspension kann ein Gas oder eine Flüssigkeit mit darin suspendierten Feststoffpartikeln sein. Sie kann in beliebiger Weise zubereitet werden. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich um eine Flüssigkeit mit darin suspendierten Feststoffpartikeln. Nochmals vorzugsweise ist diese Suspension dem Behälter 1 bzw. 6 entnommen, d.h. ist also eine Teilmenge der Suspension 4, die in dem Behälter 1 bzw. 6 entnommen und wieder in den Behälter rückgeführt wird.The pipe 14 for entry into the nozzle according to FIG. 3 induced suspension can be a gas or a liquid with solid particles suspended therein. she can can be prepared in any way. Preferably acts it is a liquid with solid particles suspended in it. Again, this suspension is preferred taken from container 1 or 6, i.e. is a subset the suspension 4 taken in the container 1 or 6 and is returned to the container.

Wird, wie oben bereits beschrieben, ausgehend von der Anordnung nach Fig. 1, in den die Düse 11 verlassenden Fluidstrahl 17 ein zweiter Fluidstrahl 18 eingebracht, der seinerseits eine Suspension mit in einem Fluid suspendierten Feststoffpartikeln besteht und erfolgt damit die Prallzerkleinerung in dem Fluidstrahl 17 in einem Maße, daß auf die Prallzerkleinerung an der Prallfläche 5 verzichtet werden kann, so liegt eine Fließbettstrahlmühle hoher Effizienz und geringem Bauaufwand vor. Is, as already described above, based on the arrangement 1, in the fluid jet leaving the nozzle 11 17 introduced a second fluid jet 18, which in turn a suspension with suspended in a fluid Solid particles exist and the impact crushing takes place in the fluid jet 17 to the extent that the impact crushing on the impact surface 5 is dispensed with a fluidized bed jet mill is higher Efficiency and low construction costs.

Die Erfindung entfaltet ihre volle Wirkung insbesondere dann, wenn das erste Fluid mit den zu zerlegenden Feststoffpartikeln, also im Fall der Fig. 2 die Suspension 4, bereits einen erheblichen Anteil Feststoffpartikel mit nur geringer Masse enthält, wie es bei modernen Sichtern der Fall ist, weil diesen gewollt nur extrem feines Sichtgut entnommen wird, also das in die Mühle zurückgeführte Gut immer noch einen hohen Anteil an relativ feingemahlenem Gut enthält.The invention is particularly effective when the first fluid with the solid particles to be broken down, 2 in the case of FIG. 2, the suspension 4, already have a significant proportion of solid particles contains only a small mass, as is the case with modern classifiers the case is because these only want extremely fine visual goods is removed, that is, the material returned to the mill Good still a high proportion of relatively finely ground Contains well.

Claims (7)

  1. A method of comminution of solid particles (3) by impact, using a fluid (2) in which the solid particles (3) for comminuting are suspended, wherein the suspension (4) is in a container (1; 6) from which a portion of suspension is taken in order to cause the solid particles therein to collide with an impact surface, characterised in that the portion of suspension taken from the container (1; 6) is first supplied to a nozzle (7, 8, 11) in order to associate an additional fluid jet therewith for accelerating it and increasing the energy, so as to form a fast fluid jet (7, 8, 17) with high energy content consisting of the portion of suspension and the additional fluid jet and cause the fluid jet to strike the impact surface.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the additional fluid jet (18) is associated with the portion of suspension in the direct neighbourhood of the nozzle outlet.
  3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the original fluid jet (18) is likewise formed from a suspension.
  4. A method according to claim 3, characterised in that the suspension for the additional fluid jet (18), like the portion of suspension, is taken from the container (1, 6).
  5. A method according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the impact surface is formed by solid particles from the portion of suspension and from the additional fluid jet formed from a suspension, and the portion of suspension and the additional fluid jet formed by a suspension form the fluidised bed (17) of a jet mill.
  6. A method according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the impact surface is a stationary impact surface (5) outside the container (1).
  7. A method according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the fast fluid jet (9, 10) is returned by the nozzle (7, 8) to the container (6), so that the impact surface is formed by the solid particles suspended in the suspension (4) left in the container.
EP93119613A 1992-12-10 1993-12-06 Method and device for impact crushing of solid particles Expired - Lifetime EP0601511B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4241549 1992-12-10
DE4241549A DE4241549A1 (en) 1992-12-10 1992-12-10 Method and device for impact crushing of solid particles

Publications (2)

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EP0601511A1 EP0601511A1 (en) 1994-06-15
EP0601511B1 true EP0601511B1 (en) 1998-08-26

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EP93119613A Expired - Lifetime EP0601511B1 (en) 1992-12-10 1993-12-06 Method and device for impact crushing of solid particles

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EP (1) EP0601511B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06269693A (en)
DE (2) DE4241549A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2121921T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19513035C2 (en) * 1995-04-06 1998-07-30 Nied Roland Fluid bed jet grinding
DE19728382C2 (en) * 1997-07-03 2003-03-13 Hosokawa Alpine Ag & Co Method and device for fluid bed jet grinding
US7511079B2 (en) * 2003-03-24 2009-03-31 Baxter International Inc. Methods and apparatuses for the comminution and stabilization of small particles

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU643188A1 (en) * 1977-04-01 1979-01-25 Уральский ордена Трудового Красного Знамени политехнический институт им. С.М.Кирова Jet mill with fluidised bed
US4248387A (en) * 1979-05-09 1981-02-03 Norandy, Inc. Method and apparatus for comminuting material in a re-entrant circulating stream mill
DE3724297A1 (en) * 1987-07-22 1989-02-02 Nied Roland METHOD FOR PRODUCING EXTREMELY SMALL PARTICLES AND APPLICATION OF THE METHOD
DE4015605A1 (en) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-21 Nied Roland Production of particles smaller than 1 micro-metre - involves use of high velocity jets directed through suspension
US5133504A (en) * 1990-11-27 1992-07-28 Xerox Corporation Throughput efficiency enhancement of fluidized bed jet mill

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DE59308927D1 (en) 1998-10-01
DE4241549A1 (en) 1994-06-16
EP0601511A1 (en) 1994-06-15
JPH06269693A (en) 1994-09-27
ES2121921T3 (en) 1998-12-16

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